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Paiva AM, Barros B, Oliveira M, Alves S, Esteves F, Fernandes A, Vaz J, Slezáková K, Teixeira JP, Costa S, Morais S. Biomonitoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure and short-time health effects in wildland firefighters during real-life fire events. Sci Total Environ 2024; 926:171801. [PMID: 38508274 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Human biomonitoring data retrieved from real-life wildland firefighting in Europe and, also, worldwide are scarce. Thus, in this study, 176 Portuguese firefighters were biomonitored pre- and post- unsimulated wildfire combating (average:12-13 h; maximum: 55 h) to evaluate the impact on the levels of urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons hydroxylated metabolites (OHPAH; quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection) and the associated short-term health effects (symptoms, and total and differentiated white blood cells). Correlations between these variables and data retrieved from the self-reported questionnaires were also investigated. Firefighters were organized into four groups according to their exposure to wildfire emissions and their smoking habits: non-smoking non-exposed (NSNExp), non-smoking exposed (NSExp), smoking non-exposed (SNExp), and smoking and exposed (SExp). The most abundant metabolites were 1-hydroxynaphthalene and 1-hydroxyacenaphthene (1OHNaph + 1OHAce) (98-99 %), followed by 2-hydroxyfluorene (2OHFlu) (0.2-1.1 %), 1-hydroxyphenanthrene (1OHPhen) (0.2-0.4 %), and 1-hydroxypyrene (1OHPy) (0.1-0.2 %); urinary 3-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene was not detected. The exposure to wildfire emissions significantly elevated the median concentrations of each individual and total OHPAH compounds in all groups, but this effect was more pronounced in non-smoking (1.7-4.2 times; p ≤ 0.006) than in smoking firefighters (1.3-1.6 times; p ≤ 0.03). The greatest discriminant of exposure to wildfire emissions was 1OHNaph + 1OHAce (increase of 4.2 times), while for tobacco smoke it was 2OHFlu (increase of 10 times). Post-exposure, white blood cells count significantly increased ranging from 1.4 (smokers, p = 0.025) to 3.7-fold (non-smokers, p < 0.001), which was accompanied by stronger significant correlations (0.480 < r < 0.882; p < 0.04) between individual and total OHPAH and total white blood cells (and lymphocytes > monocytes > neutrophils in non-smokers), evidencing the impact of PAH released from wildfire on immune cells. This study identifies Portuguese firefighters with high levels of biomarkers of exposure to PAH and points out the importance of adopting biomonitoring schemes, that include multiple biomarkers of exposure and biomarkers of effect, and implementing mitigations strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Margarida Paiva
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Bela Barros
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Oliveira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Alves
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, UICISA: E, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde: Enfermagem, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Filipa Esteves
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Rua Alexandre Herculano 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal; Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Adília Fernandes
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, UICISA: E, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde: Enfermagem, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Josiana Vaz
- CIMO, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Centro de Investigação de Montanha, Campus Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; SusTEC, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Sustec - Associate Laboratory for Sustainability and Technology in Inland Regions, Campus Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Klára Slezáková
- LEPABE-ALiCE, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - João Paulo Teixeira
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Rua Alexandre Herculano 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal; EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Solange Costa
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Rua Alexandre Herculano 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal; EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Simone Morais
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal.
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Mokrzyński K, Szewczyk G. Photoreactivity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( PAHs) and their mechanisms of phototoxicity against human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT). Sci Total Environ 2024; 924:171449. [PMID: 38460699 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous organic compounds in the environment. They are produced by many anthropogenic sources of different origins and are known for their toxicity, carcinogenicity, and mutagenicity. Sixteen PAHs have been identified as Priority Pollutants by the US EPA, which are often associated with particulate matter, facilitating their dispersion through air and water. When human skin is exposed to PAHs, it might occur simultaneously with solar radiation, potentially leading to phototoxic effects. Phototoxic mechanisms involve the generation of singlet oxygen and reactive oxygen species, DNA damage under specific light wavelengths, and the formation of charge transfer complexes. Despite predictions of phototoxic properties for some PAHs, there remains a paucity of experimental data. This study examined the photoreactive and phototoxic properties of the 16 PAHs enlisted in the Priority Pollutants list. Examined PAHs efficiently photogenerated singlet oxygen and superoxide anion in simple solutions. Furthermore, singlet oxygen phosphorescence was detected in PAH-loaded HaCaT cells. Phototoxicity against human keratinocytes was evaluated using various assays. At 5 nM concentration, examined PAHs significantly reduced viability and mitochondrial membrane potential of HaCaT cells following the exposure to solar simulated light. Analyzed compounds induced a substantial peroxidation of cellular proteins after light treatment. The results revealed that a majority of the examined PAHs exhibited substantial reactive oxygen species photoproduction under UVA and violet-blue light, with their phototoxicity corresponding to their photoreactive properties. These findings improve our comprehension of the interactions between PAHs and human skin cells under environmental conditions, particularly when exposed to solar radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystian Mokrzyński
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Szewczyk
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
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Williams-Clayson AM, Vane CH, Jones MD, Thomas R, Taylor C, Beriro DJ. Dermal absorption of high molecular weight parent and alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from manufactured gas plant soils using in vitro assessment. J Hazard Mater 2024; 469:133858. [PMID: 38493626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
An enhanced in vitro human dermal bioavailability method was developed to measure the release of twenty parent and seven alkylated high molecular weight (HMW) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from contaminated soils collected from five former manufactured Gas Plants (MGP) in England. GC-MS/MS was used to quantify HMW PAHs in soil, Strat-M artificial membrane representing skin, and synthetic receptor solution (RS) representing systemic circulation at 1-h, 10-h, and 24-h timesteps. Fluoranthene and pyrene exhibited the highest fluxes from soils to membrane (ranging from 9.5 - 281 ng/cm2/h) and soil to RS (
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Al Tabosh T, Liu H, Koça D, Al Tarrass M, Tu L, Giraud S, Delagrange L, Beaudoin M, Rivière S, Grobost V, Rondeau-Lutz M, Dupuis O, Ricard N, Tillet E, Machillot P, Salomon A, Picart C, Battail C, Dupuis-Girod S, Guignabert C, Desroches-Castan A, Bailly S. Impact of heterozygous ALK1 mutations on the transcriptomic response to BMP9 and BMP10 in endothelial cells from hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia and pulmonary arterial hypertension donors. Angiogenesis 2024; 27:211-227. [PMID: 38294582 PMCID: PMC11021321 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-023-09902-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Heterozygous activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK1) mutations are associated with two vascular diseases: hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) and more rarely pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Here, we aimed to understand the impact of ALK1 mutations on BMP9 and BMP10 transcriptomic responses in endothelial cells. Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) and microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) carrying loss of function ALK1 mutations were isolated from newborn HHT and adult PAH donors, respectively. RNA-sequencing was performed on each type of cells compared to controls following an 18 h stimulation with BMP9 or BMP10. In control ECFCs, BMP9 and BMP10 stimulations induced similar transcriptomic responses with around 800 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). ALK1-mutated ECFCs unexpectedly revealed highly similar transcriptomic profiles to controls, both at the baseline and upon stimulation, and normal activation of Smad1/5 that could not be explained by a compensation in cell-surface ALK1 level. Conversely, PAH HMVECs revealed strong transcriptional dysregulations compared to controls with > 1200 DEGs at the baseline. Consequently, because our study involved two variables, ALK1 genotype and BMP stimulation, we performed two-factor differential expression analysis and identified 44 BMP9-dysregulated genes in mutated HMVECs, but none in ECFCs. Yet, the impaired regulation of at least one hit, namely lunatic fringe (LFNG), was validated by RT-qPCR in three different ALK1-mutated endothelial models. In conclusion, ALK1 heterozygosity only modified the BMP9/BMP10 regulation of few genes, including LFNG involved in NOTCH signaling. Future studies will uncover whether dysregulations in such hits are enough to promote HHT/PAH pathogenesis, making them potential therapeutic targets, or if second hits are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Al Tabosh
- Biosanté unit U1292, Grenoble Alpes University, INSERM, CEA, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - H Liu
- Biosanté unit U1292, Grenoble Alpes University, INSERM, CEA, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - D Koça
- Biosanté unit U1292, Grenoble Alpes University, INSERM, CEA, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - M Al Tarrass
- Biosanté unit U1292, Grenoble Alpes University, INSERM, CEA, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - L Tu
- Faculté de Médecine, Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies, Université Paris-Saclay, 94276, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- INSERM UMR_S 999 «Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies», Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, 92350, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - S Giraud
- Genetics Department, Femme-Mère-Enfants Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69677, Bron, France
| | - L Delagrange
- Genetics Department, Femme-Mère-Enfants Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69677, Bron, France
- National Reference Center for HHT, 69677, Bron, France
| | - M Beaudoin
- Genetics Department, Femme-Mère-Enfants Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69677, Bron, France
- National Reference Center for HHT, 69677, Bron, France
| | - S Rivière
- Internal Medicine Department, CHU of Montpellier, St Eloi Hospital and Center of Clinical Investigation, INSERM, CIC 1411, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 7, France
| | - V Grobost
- Internal Medicine Department, CHU Estaing, 63100, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - M Rondeau-Lutz
- Internal Medicine Department, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67091, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - O Dupuis
- Hôpital Lyon SUD, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Lyon University, 69921, Lyon, France
| | - N Ricard
- Biosanté unit U1292, Grenoble Alpes University, INSERM, CEA, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - E Tillet
- Biosanté unit U1292, Grenoble Alpes University, INSERM, CEA, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - P Machillot
- Biosanté unit U1292, Grenoble Alpes University, INSERM, CEA, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - A Salomon
- Biosanté unit U1292, Grenoble Alpes University, INSERM, CEA, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - C Picart
- Biosanté unit U1292, Grenoble Alpes University, INSERM, CEA, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - C Battail
- Biosanté unit U1292, Grenoble Alpes University, INSERM, CEA, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - S Dupuis-Girod
- Biosanté unit U1292, Grenoble Alpes University, INSERM, CEA, 38000, Grenoble, France
- Genetics Department, Femme-Mère-Enfants Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69677, Bron, France
- National Reference Center for HHT, 69677, Bron, France
| | - C Guignabert
- Faculté de Médecine, Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies, Université Paris-Saclay, 94276, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- INSERM UMR_S 999 «Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies», Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, 92350, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - A Desroches-Castan
- Biosanté unit U1292, Grenoble Alpes University, INSERM, CEA, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - S Bailly
- Biosanté unit U1292, Grenoble Alpes University, INSERM, CEA, 38000, Grenoble, France.
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Murthy AN, Rachitha P, Sagar N, B Raghavendra V, Jhanani GK, M R, Arumugam N, I Almansour A, Sathiyamoorthi E, Lee J. Remediation of phenanthrene by highly efficient CdS-SnS photocatalyst and its cytotoxic assessments. Chemosphere 2024; 355:141790. [PMID: 38554870 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium sulfide-tin sulfide (CdS-SnS) nanoparticles are a novel kind of photocatalyst. These CdS-SnS nanoparticles are synthesized and characterized using UV-Vis, FT-IR, XRD, SEM-EDX, and DLS techniques, to understand their size distribution, crystalline nature, morphology, shape, optical properties, and elemental composition. This research offers insight into the efficient photocatalytic degradation of Phenanthrene (PHE) using CdS-SnS. The CdS-SnS NPs as photocatalyst can effectively photodegrade the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) such as phenanthrene under simulated solar and UV light. UV-vis spectra of these nanoparticles exhibit peaks at 365 and 546 cm-1 respectively, the mean size of the CdS-SnS NPs in DLS is determined to be 78 nm. The CdS-SnS stretching frequency was observed at wave numbers below 700 cm-1, the absorption peak at 1123 cm-1 indicates the presence of C-N stretch or CS bond of thiourea, while the peak at 1350.38 cm-1 corresponds to the tris-amine C-N stretch in FT-IR. Additionally, the peaks observed at 2026 cm-1 indicate the presence of isothiocyanate (NCS). 1456.23 cm-1 represents the asymmetric scissor deformation vibration. EDAX revealed the presence of elemental Cd and Sn oxides. The antimicrobial studies showed that the CdS-SnS NPs at the concentration of 150 μg/mL, exhibit maximum inhibition (15 ± 1.25 mm) against the strains Proteus mirabilis followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis and Clostridium spp. Among fungal strains Colletotrichum spp. exhibits the maximum zone of inhibition (9 ± 0.25). This research also observed the cytotoxic effects of CdS-SnS NPs on HepG2 and ZF4 cells. HepG2 cells exhibited 50% inhibition at 50 μg/mL and 70% inhibition at 100 μg/mL concentrations, while ZF4 cells exhibited 50% inhibition at 50 μg/mL and 78% inhibition at 100 μg/mL concentrations, respectively. The parameters like concentration of PHE, concentration of CdS-SnS NPs, pH, and sources of irradiation on batch adsorption were examined to maximize the efficiency of the photodegradation process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - P Rachitha
- P.G. Department of Biotechnology, Teresian College, Siddartha Nagar, Mysore, 570011, India
| | - Niju Sagar
- P.G. Department of Biotechnology, Teresian College, Siddartha Nagar, Mysore, 570011, India
| | - Vinay B Raghavendra
- Sampoorna International Institute of Agri. Science and Horticultural Technology K.B. Doddi, Maddur Tq, Mandya District-562160 Karnataka, India
| | - G K Jhanani
- University Centre for Research & Development, Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140103, India.
| | - Rithika M
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, India
| | - Natarajan Arumugam
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman I Almansour
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ezhaveni Sathiyamoorthi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jintae Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension is a challenging disease entity with various underlying etiologies. The management of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (WHO Group 1) remains challenging especially in the critical care setting. With risk of high morbidity and mortality, these patients require a multidisciplinary team approach at a speciality care facility for pulmonary hypertension for comprehensive evaluation and rapid initiation of treatment. For acute decompensated right heart failure, management should concentrate on optimizing preload and after load with use of pulmonary vasodilator therapy. A careful evaluation of specialized situations is required for appropriate treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeeb Bhattacharya
- Section of Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplantation, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Suite J3-4, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
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Moraitis A, Jentzen W, Costa PF, Kersting D, Himmen S, Coelho M, Meckel M, van Echteld CJA, Fendler WP, Herrmann K, Sraieb M. Safety and Efficacy of Para-Aminohippurate Coinfusion for Renal Protection During Peptide Receptor Radiotherapy in Patients with Neuroendocrine Tumors. J Nucl Med 2024:jnumed.123.266619. [PMID: 38637142 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.123.266619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Para-aminohippurate, also known as p-aminohippuric acid (PAH), is used clinically to measure effective renal plasma flow. Preclinically, it was shown to reduce 177Lu-DOTATOC uptake in the kidneys while improving bioavailability compared with amino acid (AA) coinfusion. We report the safety and efficacy of PAH coinfusion during peptide receptor radiotherapy in patients with neuroendocrine tumors. Methods: Twelve patients with metastatic or unresectable gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors received 177Lu-DOTATOC in 33 treatment cycles. Either 8 g of PAH or a mixture of 25 g of arginine and 25 g of lysine were coinfused. Safety was assessed by monitoring laboratory data, including hematologic and renal data, as well as electrolytes obtained before and 24 h after treatment. For radiation dosimetry, whole-body scans were performed at 1, 24, and 48 h and a SPECT/CT scan was performed at 48 h, along with blood sampling at 5 min and 0.5, 2, 4, 24, and 48 h after administration. Absorbed dose estimations for the kidneys and bone marrow were performed according to the MIRD concept. Results: In 15 treatment cycles, PAH was coinfused. No changes in mean creatinine level, glomerular filtration rate, and serum electrolytes were observed before or 24 h after treatment when using PAH protection (P ≥ 0.20), whereas serum chloride and serum phosphate increased significantly under AA (both P < 0.01). Kidney-absorbed dose coefficients were 0.60 ± 0.14 Gy/GBq with PAH and 0.53 ± 0.16 Gy/GBq with AA. Based on extrapolated cumulative kidney-absorbed doses for 4 cycles, 1 patient with PAH protection and 1 patient with AA protection in our patient group would exceed the 23-Gy conservative threshold. The bone marrow-absorbed dose coefficient was 0.012 ± 0.004 Gy/GBq with PAH and 0.012 ± 0.003 Gy/GBq with AA. Conclusion: PAH is a promising alternative to AA for renal protection during peptide receptor radiotherapy. Further research is required to systematically investigate the safety profile and radiation dosimetry at varying PAH plasma concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Moraitis
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany;
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Walter Jentzen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Pedro Fragoso Costa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - David Kersting
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Stephan Himmen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marta Coelho
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marian Meckel
- ITM Isotope Technologies Munich SE, Garching/Munich, Germany; and
| | | | - Wolfgang P Fendler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ken Herrmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Miriam Sraieb
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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Duker RQ, Asare NK, Obodai EA, Adjei JK, Acheampong E, Chuku EO. Ecotoxicological and health risks associated with sediment-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in peri-urban closed and open coastal lagoons. Mar Pollut Bull 2024; 202:116351. [PMID: 38640765 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Coastal urbanisation has ramifications for the sustainable development of developing nations. There are often unquantified ecological and health risks associated with urbanisation. Sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analysed in surface sediment from three peri-urban coastal lagoons in southern Ghana. We found significant spatial variations of sediment PAHs. These variations were attributed to physiography of the lagoons and diverse anthropogenic activities surrounding them. Total PAHs ranged from 20.81 to 24,801.38 μg/kg (dry weight), underscoring a low to very high pollution level. Diagnostic ratios revealed both pyrogenic and petrogenic origins. Over 50 % of individual PAHs were of moderate ecological risk to benthic organisms, and cancer risk to humans was above the World Health Organisation's recommended safety limit (1 × 10-6). These ecological and health risks should be wake-up call for a more integrated urban planning approach to coastal urbanisation as coastal communities largely depend on natural ecosystems for food and livelihood opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahmat Quaigrane Duker
- Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Ghana.
| | - Noble Kwame Asare
- Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana; Centre for Coastal Management, Africa Centre of Excellence in Coastal Resilience, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Edward Adzesiwor Obodai
- Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Joseph Kweku Adjei
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Acheampong
- Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana; Centre for Coastal Management, Africa Centre of Excellence in Coastal Resilience, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Ernest Obeng Chuku
- Centre for Coastal Management, Africa Centre of Excellence in Coastal Resilience, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana; Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
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Zhang X, Du H, Wang C, Liu J, Zhang Q, Zhang Z, Tan C, Li H, Hu Y. Simultaneous removal of phenanthrene and Pb using novel PPG-CNTs-nZVI beads. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-32986-8. [PMID: 38613749 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32986-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
PPG-CNTs-nZVI bead was synthesized by polyvinyl alcohol, pumice, carbon nanotube, and guar gum-nanoscale zero-valent iron to be applied on simultaneously removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs; phenanthrene) and heavy metals (Pb2+) via adsorption. The individual and simultaneous removal efficiency of phenanthrene and Pb2+ using the PPG-CNTs-nZVI beads was evaluated with a range of initial concentrations of these two pollutants. The kinetics and isotherms of phenanthrene and Pb2+ adsorption by the PPG-CNTs-nZVI beads were also determined. The PPG-CNTs-nZVI beads show reasonably high phenanthrene adsorption capacities (up to 0.16 mg/g), and they absorbed 85% of the phenanthrene (initial concentration 0.5 mg/L) in 30 min. High Pb2+ adsorption capabilities were also demonstrated by the PPG-CNTs-nZVI beads (up to 11.6 mg/g). The adsorption fits the Langmuir model better than the Freundlich model. The adsorption still remained stable with various ionic strength circumstances and a wide pH range (2-5). Additionally, the co-adsorption of phenanthrene and Pb2+ by the PPG-CNTs-nZVI beads resulted in synergistic effects. Particularly, phenanthrene-Pb2+ complex formation via π-cation interactions demonstrated a greater affinity than phenanthrene or Pb2+ alone. The present findings suggest that PPG-CNTs-nZVI beads may be effective sorbents for the simultaneous removal of PAHs and heavy metals from contaminated waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 102616, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Haoyu Du
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 102616, China
| | - Chunxia Wang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Building Technology Development Co, Ltd, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Junfeng Liu
- Department of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture, Beijing, 102442, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 102616, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Ziyang Zhang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Chaohong Tan
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 102616, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 102616, China.
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Yuansheng Hu
- UCD Dooge Centre for Water Resources Research, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
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Redman ZC, Robine S, Burkhead J, Tomco PL. Non-target analysis of crude oil photooxidation products at high latitudes and their biological effects. Chemosphere 2024; 356:141794. [PMID: 38579945 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
With new oil and gas lease sales in high-latitude regions, there exists a need to better understand the chemical fate of spilled oil and its effects on biological life. To address this need, laboratory simulations of crude oil spills under sub-Arctic conditions were conducted using artificial seawater and exposure to solar irradiation to create Hydrocarbon Oxidation Products (HOPs). HOPs characterization and their biological effects were assessed using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) with high resolution mass Orbitrap spectrometry and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) chemically activated luciferase gene expression (CALUX) assay. Non-target UHPLC-Orbitrap mass spectrometry analysis identified 251 HOPs that were in greater abundance in light-exposed samples than dark controls. Oxidized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were also detected, including phenanthrene quinone, anthraquinone, hydroxyanthraquinone, and 9-fluoreneone. The composition of HOPs were consistent with photo-products of alkylated two to four ring PAHs, primarily compounds between 1 and 3 aromatic rings and 1-3 oxygens. The HOP mixture formed during photochemical weathering of Cook Inlet crude oil induced greater AhR activity than parent petroleum products solubilized in dark controls, indicating that HOPs, as a complex mixture, may contribute to petroleum toxicity more than the parent petroleum compounds. These non-targeted approaches provide the most comprehensive analysis of hydrocarbon oxidation products to date, highlighting the diversity of the complex mixture resulting from the photooxidation of crude oil and the limitations of targeted analyses for adequately monitoring HOPs in the environment. Taken together, these data identify a critical "blind spot" in environmental monitoring and spill clean-up strategies as there is a diverse pool of HOPs that may negatively impact human and ecosystem health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary C Redman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA.
| | - Sage Robine
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA
| | - Jason Burkhead
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA
| | - Patrick L Tomco
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA
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Wei J, Liu Z, Sun H, Xu L. Perillaldehyde ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via suppressing the cGAS/STING signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111641. [PMID: 38368770 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common life-threatening illness characterized by a lung inflammatory response and oxidative stress, and effective agent therapies are currently lacking. mtDNA can be recognized by cGAS/STING, the dysregulation of which leads to inflammatory diseases, such as ALI. Perillaldehyde(PAH), one of the major active components of traditional Chinese medicine made from Perilla frutescens, has antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects. The aim of this study was to explore whether PAH can protect against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI and whether its protective effect is exerted through the regulation of cGAS/STING signaling. We found that PAH significantly inhibited lung histological changes, inflammatory cell infiltration, and the overproduction of inflammatory cytokines induced by LPS. Moreover, PAH inhibited LPS-induced oxidative stress, as shown by the deceases in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione(GSH) levels and increased in malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. In addition, PAH markedly downregulated the expression of cGAS, STING, p-TBK, p-IRF3, p-P65, and p-IκB, and pharmacological inhibition of cGAS/STING inhibited ALI- induced by LPS. Furthermore, the levels of mitochondrial ROS (mROS) and mtDNA were increased, and cGAS/STING-mediated IRF3/NF-κB signaling was activated during the inflammatory response- induced by LPS in RAW264.7 cells. In addition, pretreatment with the STING activator partially abolished the inhibitory effect of PAH on the inflammation and activation of STING-mediated IRF3/NF-κB signaling induced by LPS. Overall, the results revealed that PAH can effectively alleviate ALI by inhibiting cGAS/STING-mediated IRF3/NF-κB signaling, and that PAH may be a potential candidate agent for the treatment of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Wei
- Department of Respiratory, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Erdao District, 126 Sendai Street, Changchun, Jilin Province 130033, China
| | - Zhengjia Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Erdao District, 126 Sendai Street, Changchun, Jilin Province 130033, China
| | - Hongbin Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Erdao District, 126 Sendai Street, Changchun, Jilin Province 130033, China.
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Erdao District, 126 Sendai Street, Changchun, Jilin Province 130033, China.
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Shafran I, Probst V, Panzenböck A, Sadushi-Kolici R, Gerges C, Wolzt M, Segel MJ, Celermajer DS, Lang IM, Skoro-Sajer N. Asymmetric Dimethylarginine and NT-proBNP Levels Provide Synergistic Information in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. JACC Heart Fail 2024:S2213-1779(24)00177-X. [PMID: 38573264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2024.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is elevated in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and is associated with unfavorable outcomes. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess changes in ADMA plasma levels for monitoring disease progression and outcomes during PAH-specific therapy. METHODS ADMA was measured at baseline and after at least 6 months of follow-up using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high-performance liquid chromatography. Changes in ADMA were analyzed in relation to changes in established PAH markers, including hemodynamic status, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and risk assessment scores. Impact on survival was assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Between 2008 and 2019, ADMA samples were collected prospectively from 215 patients with PAH. Change in ADMA plasma level was a predictor of disease progression and survival. ΔADMA (median -0.03 μmol/L; 95% CI: -0.145 to 0.0135) was correlated with change in mean pulmonary arterial pressure (P < 0.005; rS = 0.287) but was not significantly correlated with ΔNT-proBNP (P = 0.056; rS = 0.135). Patients with decreased ADMA plasma levels at follow-up had better 3-year and 5-year survival rates (88% and 80%, respectively, vs 72% and 53% in those without decreases in ADMA) (P < 0.005; pulmonary hypertension-related mortality or lung transplantation). Patients with decreases in both ADMA and NT-proBNP had better survival rates compared with patients in whom only 1 parameter improved (P < 0.005). ΔADMA was a significant predictor of survival in Cox regression analysis and also when corrected for ΔNT-proBNP (HRs: 1.27 and 1.35, respectively; P < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS ADMA and NT-proBNP provide synergistic prognostic information for patients with PAH. ADMA could be used as an objective and distinct biomarker for monitoring treatment response in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inbal Shafran
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Pulmonary Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Victoria Probst
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Adelheid Panzenböck
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roela Sadushi-Kolici
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Gerges
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Wolzt
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael J Segel
- Pulmonary Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Irene Marthe Lang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nika Skoro-Sajer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Capanni F, Karamanlidis AA, Dendrinos P, Zaccaroni A, Formigaro C, D'Agostino A, Marsili L. Monk seals (Monachus monachus) in the Mediterranean Sea: The threat of organochlorine contaminants and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Sci Total Environ 2024; 915:169854. [PMID: 38185159 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus) is an emblematic species of conservation concern. Anthropogenic pressures have led to severe population declines and significant fragmentation of the remaining populations. Because of their close relationship with coastal areas, Mediterranean monk seals may be potentially exposed to pollution from agricultural sources, as well as from oil tanker spills. Although monitoring of pollution has long been considered a priority for this species, data on monk seal contamination levels are scarce. In this study, 55 blubber samples of all genders and age classes collected during necropsies (1995-2013) from seals of the Eastern Mediterranean subpopulation were analyzed for organochlorine compounds (OCs), i.e., hexachlorobenzene (HCB), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDTs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Overall, PCBs > DDTs ≫ PAHs > HCB in all samples. Results showed a significant downward trend over the 19-year period for DDTs and HCB. No marked pattern was found for PAHs, even though relative abundance of cancerogenic PAH fraction rose in recent years. PCB levels in subadult specimens increased noticeably over time despite worldwide ban. Our findings did not suggest recent releases of DDT or new pesticides (e.g., Dicofol) in the environment, but may indicate an improper disposal of ancient storages of PCBs or a remobilization from reservoirs. OC levels exceeded thresholds that are commonly associated with immunosuppression and reproductive impairment in other pinnipeds. Hence, OCs could be responsible of potential toxicological effects in this subpopulation. This study represents the first report on PAH and one of the few reports on OC bioaccumulation in Mediterranean monk seals. Based on the levels found in the blubber of monk seals from the Eastern Mediterranean, and given the known harmful effects associated to the prolonged exposure to these substances and the reduced long-term expectations of species recovery, regular monitoring is advocated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Capanni
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via P. A. Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Alexandros A Karamanlidis
- MOm/Hellenic Society for the Study and Protection of the Monk Seal, Solomou Str. 18, 10682 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Dendrinos
- MOm/Hellenic Society for the Study and Protection of the Monk Seal, Solomou Str. 18, 10682 Athens, Greece
| | - Annalisa Zaccaroni
- Department Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Vespucci 2, 47042 Cesenatico, FC, Italy
| | - Costanza Formigaro
- Department Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Vespucci 2, 47042 Cesenatico, FC, Italy
| | - Antonella D'Agostino
- Department of Economics and Statistics, University of Siena, P.zza S. Francesco 8, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Letizia Marsili
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via P. A. Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; Centro Interuniversitario per la Ricerca sui Cetacei (CIRCE), Department of Physical Science, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, Strada Laterina 8, 53100 Siena, Italy
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14
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Chen D, Yang J, Zhang T, Li X, Xiong Q, Jiang S, Yi C. Mechanistic Investigation of Calcium Channel Regulation-Associated Genes in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Signatures for Diagnosis. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-024-01112-x. [PMID: 38461180 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01112-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe cardiopulmonary disorder with complex causes. Calcium channel blockers have long been used in its treatment. Our study aimed to validate experimental results showing increased calcium ion concentration in PAH patients. We investigated the impact of genes related to calcium channel regulation on PAH development and developed an accurate diagnostic model. Clinical trial data from serum of 18 healthy individuals and 18 patients with PAH were retrospectively analyzed. Concentrations of calcium and potassium ions were determined and compared. Datasets were retrieved, selecting genes associated with calcium ion release. R packages processed the datasets, filtering 174 common genes, and conducting Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses. Six hub genes were identified, and nomogram and logistic regression prediction models were constructed. Random forest filtered cross genes, and a diagnostic model was developed and validated using an artificial neural network. The 174 intersection genes related to calcium ions showed significant correlations with biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions. Six key genes were obtained by constructing a protein-protein interaction network. A diagnostic model with high accuracy (> 90%) and diagnostic capability (AUC = 0.98) was established using a neural network algorithm. This study validated the experimental results, identified key genes associated with calcium ions, and developed a highly accurate diagnostic model using a neural network algorithm. These findings provide insights into the role of calcium release genes in PAH and demonstrate the potential of the diagnostic model for clinical application. However, due to limitations in sample size and a lack of prognosis data, the regulatory mechanisms of calcium ions in PAH patients and their impact on the clinical prognosis of PAH patients still need further exploration in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjuan Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Jiangxi, 330063, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Jiangxi, 330063, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qiliang Xiong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Jiangxi, 330063, China
| | - Shaofeng Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Jiangxi, 330063, China
| | - Chen Yi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Jiangxi, 330063, China.
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15
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Pu Y, Pu S, Chen Y, Kong Q, Liu X, Zhao Q, Xu K, Liu J, Li M, Xu X, Qiao X, Su B, Chen J, Yang Z. Weakened tanning ability is an important mechanism for evolutionary skin lightening in East Asians. J Genet Genomics 2024:S1673-8527(24)00038-9. [PMID: 38461943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The evolution of light skin pigmentation among Eurasians is considered an adaptation to the high-latitude environments. East Asians are ideal populations for studying skin color evolution because of the complex environment of East Asia. Here, we report a strong selection signal for the pigmentation gene PAH in light-skinned Han Chinese individuals. The intron mutation rs10778203 in PAH was enriched in East Asians and significantly associated with skin color of the back of the hand in Han Chinese males (P <0.05). In vitro luciferase and transcription factor binding assays showed that the ancestral allele of rs10778203 could bind to SMAD2 and has significant enhancer activity for PAH. However, the derived T allele (the major allele in East Asians) of rs10778203 decreases the binding activity of transcription factors and enhancer activity. Meanwhile, the derived T allele of rs10778203 showed a weaker ultraviolet radiation response in A375 cells and zebrafish embryos. Furthermore, rs10778203 decreases melanin production in transgenic zebrafish embryos after UVB treatment. Collectively, PAH is a potential pigmentation gene that regulates skin tanning ability. Natural selection has enriched the adaptive allele, resulting in weakened tanning ability in East Asians, suggesting a unique genetic mechanism for evolutionary skin lightening in East Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwei Pu
- Academy of Medical Science, Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Siyu Pu
- Laboratory of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Rare Diseases Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yanyan Chen
- Academy of Medical Science, Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Qinghong Kong
- Guizhou Provincial College-based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Xuyang Liu
- Academy of Medical Science, Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Academy of Medical Science, Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jiuming Liu
- Academy of Medical Science, Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- Academy of Medical Science, Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xu
- Academy of Medical Science, Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xiaoyang Qiao
- Academy of Medical Science, Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Bing Su
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China; Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Laboratory of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Rare Diseases Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Zhaohui Yang
- Academy of Medical Science, Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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Shebl N, El-Jaafary S, Saeed AA, Elkafrawy P, El-Sayed A, Shamma S, Elnemr R, Mekky J, Mohamed LA, Kittaneh O, El-Fawal H, Rizig M, Salama M. Metabolomic profiling reveals altered phenylalanine metabolism in Parkinson's disease in an Egyptian cohort. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1341950. [PMID: 38516193 PMCID: PMC10955577 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1341950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common motor neurodegenerative disease worldwide. Given the complexity of PD etiology and the different metabolic derangements correlated to the disease, metabolomics profiling of patients is a helpful tool to identify patho-mechanistic pathways for the disease development. Dopamine metabolism has been the target of several previous studies, of which some have reported lower phenylalanine and tyrosine levels in PD patients compared to controls. Methods: In this study, we have collected plasma from 27 PD patients, 18 reference controls, and 8 high-risk controls to perform a metabolomic study using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). Results: Our findings revealed higher intensities of trans-cinnamate, a phenylalanine metabolite, in patients compared to reference controls. Thus, we hypothesize that phenylalanine metabolism has been shifted to produce trans-cinnamate via L-phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), instead of producing tyrosine, a dopamine precursor, via phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH). Discussion: Given that these metabolites are precursors to several other metabolic pathways, the intensities of many metabolites such as dopamine, norepinephrine, and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, which connects phenylalanine metabolism to that of tryptophan, have been altered. Consequently, and in respect to Metabolic Control Analysis (MCA) theory, the levels of tryptophan metabolites have also been altered. Some of these metabolites are tryptamine, melatonin, and nicotinamide. Thus, we assume that these alterations could contribute to the dopaminergic, adrenergic, and serotonergic neurodegeneration that happen in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan Shebl
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology (I-GHHE), The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa El-Jaafary
- Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ayman A Saeed
- Applied Organic Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Passent Elkafrawy
- Technology and Energy Research Center, Effat University-College of Engineering-NSMTU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr El-Sayed
- Social Research Center, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samir Shamma
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology (I-GHHE), The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha Elnemr
- Climate Change Information Center & Expert Systems (CCICES), Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Jaidaa Mekky
- Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Lobna A Mohamed
- Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Omar Kittaneh
- Technology and Energy Research Center, Effat University-College of Engineering-NSMTU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan El-Fawal
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology (I-GHHE), The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mie Rizig
- Queen Square, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mohamed Salama
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology (I-GHHE), The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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17
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Vistnes H, Sossalla NA, Asimakopoulos AG, Meyn T. Occurrence of traffic related trace elements and organic micropollutants in tunnel wash water. J Hazard Mater 2024; 465:133498. [PMID: 38232556 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Substantially polluted tunnel wash water (TWW) is produced during road tunnel maintenance. Previous literature has reported the presence of trace elements and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). However, it was hypothesized that other organic pollutants are present, and more knowledge is needed to prevent environmental harm. This study reveals for the first time the presence of four short- and 17 long-chained per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), three benzothiazoles (BTHs), six benzotriazoles (BTRs), four bisphenols, and four benzophenones in TWW from a Norwegian road tunnel over a period of three years. Concentrations of PAHs, PFASs, BTHs, and BTRs were higher than previously reported in e.g., road runoff and municipal wastewater. Trace elements and PAHs were largely particulate matter associated, while PFASs, BTHs, BTRs, bisphenols, and benzophenones were predominantly dissolved. 26 of the determined contaminants were classified as persistent, mobile, and toxic (PMT) and are of special concern. It was recommended that regulations for TWW quality should be expanded to include PMT contaminants (such as PFPeA, PFBS, BTR, and 4-OH-BzP) and markers of pollution (like 2-M-BTH, 2-OH-BTH, and 2-S-BTH from tire wear particles). These findings highlight the need to treat TWW before discharge into the environment, addressing both, particulate matter associated and dissolved contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Vistnes
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), S. P. Andersens veg 5, 7031 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Nadine A Sossalla
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), S. P. Andersens veg 5, 7031 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Alexandros G Asimakopoulos
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7034 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Thomas Meyn
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), S. P. Andersens veg 5, 7031 Trondheim, Norway.
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Jech S, Adamchak C, Stokes SC, Wiltse ME, Callen J, VanderRoest J, Kelly EF, Hinckley ELS, Stein HJ, Borch T, Fierer N. Determination of Soil Contamination at the Wildland-Urban Interface after the 2021 Marshall Fire in Colorado, USA. Environ Sci Technol 2024; 58:4326-4333. [PMID: 38394340 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Wildfires at the wildland-urban interface (WUI) are increasingly common. The impacts of such events are likely distinct from those that occur strictly in wildland areas, as we would expect an elevated likelihood of soil contamination due to the combustion of anthropogenic materials. We evaluated the impacts of a wildfire at the WUI on soil contamination, sampling soils from residential and nonresidential areas located inside and outside the perimeter of the 2021 Marshall Fire in Colorado, USA. We found that fire-affected residential properties had elevated concentrations of some heavy metals (including Zn, Cu, Cr, and Pb), but the concentrations were still below levels of likely concern, and we observed no corresponding increases in concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The postfire increases in metal concentrations were not generally observed in the nonresidential soils, highlighting the importance of combustion of anthropogenic materials for potential soil contamination from wildfires at the WUI. While soil contamination from the 2021 Marshall Fire was lower than expected, and likely below the threshold of concern for human health, our study highlights some of the challenges that need to be considered when assessing soil contamination after such fires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sierra Jech
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0216, United States
| | - Clifford Adamchak
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0216, United States
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Sean C Stokes
- Department of Soil & Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1101, United States
| | - Marin E Wiltse
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Jessica Callen
- Department of Soil & Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1101, United States
| | - Jacob VanderRoest
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Eugene F Kelly
- Department of Soil & Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1101, United States
| | - Eve-Lyn S Hinckley
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0216, United States
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Holly J Stein
- AIRIE, Applied Isotope Research for Industry and the Environment, Fort Collins, Colorado 80524-2313, United States
- Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo NO-0316, Norway
| | - Thomas Borch
- Department of Soil & Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1101, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Noah Fierer
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0216, United States
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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19
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Parinos C, Skylaki E, Hatzianestis I, Gogou A. Occurrence, sources and water column distribution trends of suspended particle-associated aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the open northeastern Mediterranean Sea. Sci Total Environ 2024; 914:169685. [PMID: 38176567 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we study the occurrence and water column distribution trends of suspended particle-associated aliphatic (AHCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) collected from 36 offshore/deep sea locations across the open northeastern Mediterranean Sea. Total concentrations of the determined compounds fall within the range previously reported for non-polluted coastal and open sea locations worldwide. Mixed natural and anthropogenic sources were evident for the studied compounds, based on their molecular profile and several diagnostic indices. In all cases, an enhanced fossil signal typifying chronic oil pollution was evident along the water column. AHCs and PAHs mixtures characteristics varied significantly within the studied sub-regions, highlighting the importance of inputs from various point sources and dispersion pathways. The circulation characteristics of water masses along with biogeochemical features impact on the water column distribution trends and overall fate of the determined compounds in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantine Parinos
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Oceanography, 46.7 Km Athens-Sounio av., Mavro Lithari, 19013 Anavyssos, Attiki, Greece.
| | - Ester Skylaki
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Oceanography, 46.7 Km Athens-Sounio av., Mavro Lithari, 19013 Anavyssos, Attiki, Greece; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, University Campus, Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Hatzianestis
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Oceanography, 46.7 Km Athens-Sounio av., Mavro Lithari, 19013 Anavyssos, Attiki, Greece
| | - Alexandra Gogou
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Oceanography, 46.7 Km Athens-Sounio av., Mavro Lithari, 19013 Anavyssos, Attiki, Greece
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20
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Barberà J, Jansa P, Klings E, Ristić A, Keogh A, Solum D, Rao Y, Grover R, Saib I, Sood N. Ralinepag Phase II Open-Label Extension Study in Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Adv Ther 2024; 41:1062-1074. [PMID: 38198043 PMCID: PMC10879237 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-023-02769-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ralinepag is a potent, titratable, orally administered prostacyclin (IP) receptor agonist to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension. A phase II randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, 22-week study of immediate-release (IR) ralinepag safety and efficacy met its primary endpoint, significantly reducing pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) compared with placebo. This phase II open-label extension (OLE) study assessed long-term safety and tolerability of ralinepag. METHODS Participants were eligible for the OLE if they completed the parent study or experienced a clinical worsening event while receiving placebo. Those previously receiving IR ralinepag remained on their current dose, and participants formerly administered placebo were titrated to the highest tolerated dose. Participants were transitioned to an extended-release ralinepag formulation toward the end of the OLE. The primary objective evaluated long-term safety and tolerability; secondary endpoints included changes in 6-min walk distance (6MWD), World Health Organization/New York Heart Association functional class, clinical worsening, and hemodynamic measures. RESULTS In total, 45/61 participants enrolled in the OLE study, 30 from the IR ralinepag group and 15 from the placebo group. The most common adverse events (AEs) were known prostacyclin-related effects (e.g., headache, 64.4%; diarrhea, 37.8%; jaw pain, 33.3%). There was a notable decline in AEs after reaching and maintaining a stable dose. At month 24 after entering the OLE, 6MWD significantly increased by a mean of 36.3 m (P = 0.004) from OLE baseline, and most participants remained stable in their functional class (84.8%). Post-baseline PVR in 1 or 2 years decreased by a median of 52.2 dyn.s/cm5 and mean pulmonary arterial pressure decreased by a median of 2.0 mmHg (P = 0.05). CONCLUSION Ralinepag produced sustained, durable improvements in 6MWD along with durable reductions in PVR and a manageable AE profile. Most participants continuing treatment with ralinepag maintained functional measures throughout the OLE and those switching from placebo to ralinepag often experienced functional improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Barberà
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Pavel Jansa
- 2nd Department of Medicine-Clinical Department of Cardiology and Angiology, General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Elizabeth Klings
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Arsen Ristić
- Department of Cardiology of the Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
- University School of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Anne Keogh
- Head PAH Clinical Trials Unit, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- University of NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Derek Solum
- United Therapeutics Corporation, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Youlan Rao
- United Therapeutics Corporation, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Rob Grover
- United Therapeutics Corporation, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Isil Saib
- United Therapeutics Corporation, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Namita Sood
- University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
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21
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Philip N, Yun X, Pi H, Murray S, Hill Z, Fonticella J, Perez P, Zhang C, Pathmasiri W, Sumner S, Servinsky L, Jiang H, Huetsch JC, Oldham WM, Visovatti S, Leary PJ, Gharib SA, Brittain E, Simpson CE, Le A, Shimoda LA, Suresh K. Fatty acid metabolism promotes TRPV4 activity in lung microvascular endothelial cells in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2024; 326:L252-L265. [PMID: 38226418 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00199.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a morbid disease characterized by significant lung endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction. Prior work has shown that microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) isolated from animals with experimental PAH and patients with PAH exhibit significant abnormalities in metabolism and calcium signaling. With regards to metabolism, we and others have shown evidence of increased aerobic glycolysis and evidence of increased utilization of alternate fuel sources (such as fatty acids) in PAH EC. In the realm of calcium signaling, our prior work linked increased activity of the transient receptor potential vanilloid-4 (TRPV4) channel to increased proliferation of MVECs isolated from the Sugen/Hypoxia rat model of PAH (SuHx-MVECs). However, the relationship between metabolic shifts and calcium abnormalities was not clear. Specifically, whether shifts in metabolism were responsible for increasing TRPV4 channel activity in SuHx-MVECs was not known. In this study, using human data, serum samples from SuHx rats, and SuHx-MVECs, we describe the consequences of increased MVEC fatty acid oxidation in PAH. In human samples, we observed an increase in long-chain fatty acid levels that was associated with PAH severity. Next, using SuHx rats and SuHx-MVECs, we observed increased intracellular levels of lipids. We also show that increasing intracellular lipid content increases TRPV4 activity, whereas inhibiting fatty acid oxidation normalizes basal calcium levels in SuHx-MVECs. By exploring the fate of fatty acid-derived carbons, we observed that the metabolite linking increased intracellular lipids to TRPV4 activity was β-hydroxybutyrate (BOHB), a product of fatty acid oxidation. Finally, we show that BOHB supplementation alone is sufficient to sensitize the TRPV4 channel in rat and mouse MVECs. Returning to humans, we observe a transpulmonary BOHB gradient in human patients with PAH. Thus, we establish a link between fatty acid oxidation, BOHB production, and TRPV4 activity in MVECs in PAH. These data provide new insight into metabolic regulation of calcium signaling in lung MVECs in PAH.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In this paper, we explore the link between metabolism and intracellular calcium levels in microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We show that fatty acid oxidation promotes sensitivity of the transient receptor potential vanilloid-4 (TRPV4) calcium channel in MVECs isolated from a rodent model of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Philip
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Xin Yun
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Hongyang Pi
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Samuel Murray
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Zack Hill
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Jay Fonticella
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Preston Perez
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Cissy Zhang
- Gigantest, Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Wimal Pathmasiri
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Susan Sumner
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Laura Servinsky
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - John C Huetsch
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - William M Oldham
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Scott Visovatti
- Department of Cardiology, Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Peter J Leary
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Sina A Gharib
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Evan Brittain
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Catherine E Simpson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Anne Le
- Gigantest, Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Larissa A Shimoda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Karthik Suresh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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22
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Mitchell J, Hwang J, Larson P, Mandal S, Agnew RJ. Preliminary analyses of accumulation of carcinogenic contaminants on retired firefighter ensembles. J Occup Environ Hyg 2024; 21:213-219. [PMID: 38416517 DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2023.2296628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Personal protective equipment (PPE) is designed to protect firefighters from hazards encountered on the fire scene, including heat and products of combustion. Decontamination practices for firefighter turnout gear have been developed to remove combustion products and other contaminants from the fabric of structural firefighting ensembles (i.e., turnout or bunker gear). Chronic exposures to residual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are a contributing cause of firefighter cancers. To identify and quantify residual contamination of PAH, samples were taken from two individual decommissioned structural firefighting ensembles and analyzed by layer (outer canvas shell, moisture barrier, and the thermal protective liner) for (1) textile integrity via field emission scanning electron microscopy and (2) quantity of PAH contamination by high-pressure liquid chromatography with ultraviolet/fluorescence detection. The results of these analyses show the presence of the PAH compounds pyrene (35% of the total mass of PAH), phenanthrene (21%), benzo(a)pyrene (14%), and benzo(a)anthracene (14%) which present a risk for dermal absorption. The data also revealed that PAH penetration through the layers of the firefighting ensemble was strongly inhibited by the moisture barrier layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake Mitchell
- Fire Protection and Safety Engineering Technology Program, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
| | - Jooyeon Hwang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Preston Larson
- Samuel Roberts Nobel Microscopy Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Sumit Mandal
- Department of Design, Housing, and Merchandising, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
| | - Robert J Agnew
- Fire Protection and Safety Engineering Technology Program, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
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23
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Cheng J, Zhang Y, Tian Y, Cao L, Liu X, Miao S, Zhao L, Ye Q, Zhou Y, Tan WS. Development of a novel tyrosine-based selection system for generation of recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cells. J Biosci Bioeng 2024; 137:221-229. [PMID: 38220502 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2023.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Efficiently expanding Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, which serve as the primary host cells for recombinant protein production, have gained increasing industrial significance. A significant hurdle in stable cell line development is the low efficiency of the target gene integrated into the host genome, implying the necessity for an effective screening and selection procedure to separate these stable cells. In this study, the genes of phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) and pterin 4 alpha carbinolamine dehydratase 1 (PCBD1), which are key enzymes in the tyrosine synthesis pathway, were utilized as selection markers and transduced into host cells together with the target genes. This research investigated the enrichment effect of this system and advanced further in understanding its benefits for cell line development and rCHO cell culture. A novel tyrosine-based selection system that only used PCBD1 as a selection marker was designed to promote the enrichment effect. Post 9 days of starvation, positive transductants in the cell pool approached 100%. Applied the novel tyrosine-based selection system, rCHO cells expressing E2 protein were generated and named CHO TS cells. It could continue to grow, and the yield of E2 achieved 95.95 mg/L in a tyrosine-free and chemically-defined (CD) medium. Herein, we introduced an alternative to antibiotic-based selections for the establishment of CHO cell lines and provided useful insights for the design and development of CD medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Lei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xuping Liu
- Shanghai BioEngine Sci-Tech Co., Ltd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shiwei Miao
- Hangzhou Sumgen Biotech Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qian Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Yan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wen-Song Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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24
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Nguyen S, Carlson H, Yoder A, Bamlet WR, Oberg AL, Petersen GM, Carmella SG, Hecht SS, Jansen RJ. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Pancreatic Cancer: An Analysis of the Blood Biomarker, r-1, t-2,3, c-4-Tetrahydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophenanthrene and Selected Metabolism Gene SNPs. Nutrients 2024; 16:688. [PMID: 38474816 PMCID: PMC10935191 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), byproducts of incomplete combustion, and their effects on the development of cancer are still being evaluated. Recent studies have analyzed the relationship between PAHs and tobacco or dietary intake in the form of processed foods and smoked/well-done meats. This study aims to assess the association of a blood biomarker and metabolite of PAHs, r-1,t-2,3,c-4-tetrahydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophenanthrene (PheT), dietary intake, selected metabolism SNPs, and pancreatic cancer. Demographics, food-frequency data, SNPs, treatment history, and levels of PheT in plasma were determined from 400 participants (202 cases and 198 controls) and evaluated based on pancreatic adenocarcinoma diagnosis. Demographic and dietary variables were selected based on previously published literature indicating association with pancreatic cancer. A multiple regression model combined the significant demographic and food items with SNPs. Final multivariate logistic regression significant factors (p-value < 0.05) associated with pancreatic cancer included: Type 2 Diabetes [OR = 6.26 (95% CI = 2.83, 14.46)], PheT [1.03 (1.02, 1.05)], very well-done red meat [0.90 (0.83, 0.96)], fruit/vegetable servings [1.35 (1.06, 1.73)], recessive (rs12203582) [4.11 (1.77, 9.91)], recessive (rs56679) [0.2 (0.06, 0.85)], overdominant (rs3784605) [3.14 (1.69, 6.01)], and overdominant (rs721430) [0.39 (0.19, 0.76)]. Of note, by design, the level of smoking did not differ between our cases and controls. This study does not provide strong evidence that PheT is a biomarker of pancreatic cancer susceptibility independent of dietary intake and select metabolism SNPs among a nonsmoking population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sierra Nguyen
- Department of Public Health, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA;
| | - Heather Carlson
- Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Andrea Yoder
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA (S.S.H.)
| | - William R. Bamlet
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ann L. Oberg
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Gloria M. Petersen
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Steven G. Carmella
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA (S.S.H.)
| | - Stephen S. Hecht
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA (S.S.H.)
| | - Rick J. Jansen
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA (S.S.H.)
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25
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Fritt-Rasmussen J, Jørgensen CJ, Wegeberg S, Lassen P, Møller EF, Gustavson K. PAHs in high Arctic copepods Calanus hyperboreus following exposure of residues from in situ burning of oil spill. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:169015. [PMID: 38040369 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
In situ burning of marine oil spills reduces the total amount of oil in the environment, but a negative side effect may be the generation of environmentally hazardous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that may pose a risk for bioaccumulation, particularly in organisms having a high lipid content. In this study uptake of PAHs from oil and burn residue were examined in the high arctic copepod Calanus hyperboreus. A major part of the low ring number petrogenic PAHs in the oil was removed during burning and relative higher concentrations of pyrogenic high ring number PAHs was found in the burn residue. This suggests that burning markedly reduces the general PAH exposure load. Furthermore, the pyrogenic PAHs generated during the burn were not bioconcentrated to quantifiable levels in the copepods. We conclude that in situ burning can mitigate the potential risk of PAH uptake for copepods and other pelagic organisms in the marine environment as the pyrogenic PAHs only pose low risk for uptake from the water by the copepods and other pelagic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne Fritt-Rasmussen
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
| | | | - Susse Wegeberg
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Pia Lassen
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Eva Friis Møller
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Kim Gustavson
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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Khan AR, Ulhassan Z, Li G, Lou J, Iqbal B, Salam A, Azhar W, Batool S, Zhao T, Li K, Zhang Q, Zhao X, Du D. Micro/nanoplastics: Critical review of their impacts on plants, interactions with other contaminants (antibiotics, heavy metals, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons), and management strategies. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:169420. [PMID: 38128670 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic/nanoplastics (MPs/NPs) contamination is not only emerging threat to the agricultural system but also constitute global hazard to the environment worldwide. Recent review articles have addressed the environmental distribution of MPs/NPs and their single-exposure phytotoxicity in various plant species. However, the mechanisms of MPs/NPs-induced phytotoxicity in conjunction with that of other contaminants remain unknown, and there is a need for strategies to ameliorate such phytotoxicity. To address this, we comprehensively review the sources of MPs/NPs, their uptake by and effects on various plant species, and their phytotoxicity in conjunction with antibiotics, heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and other toxicants. We examine mechanisms to ameliorate MP/NP-induced phytotoxicity, including the use of phytohormones, biochar, and other plant-growth regulators. We discuss the effects of MPs/NPs -induced phytotoxicity in terms of its ability to inhibit plant growth and photosynthesis, disrupt nutrient metabolism, inhibit seed germination, promote oxidative stress, alter the antioxidant defense system, and induce genotoxicity. This review summarizes the novel strategies for mitigating MPs/NPs phytotoxicity, presents recent advances, and highlights research gaps, providing a foundation for future studies aimed at overcoming the emerging problem of MPs/NPs phytotoxicity in edible crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Raza Khan
- School of Emergency Management, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Green Technology and Contingency Management for Emerging Pollutants, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Zaid Ulhassan
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanlin Li
- School of Emergency Management, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Green Technology and Contingency Management for Emerging Pollutants, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiabao Lou
- School of Emergency Management, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Green Technology and Contingency Management for Emerging Pollutants, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Babar Iqbal
- School of Emergency Management, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Green Technology and Contingency Management for Emerging Pollutants, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Abdul Salam
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Wardah Azhar
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Sundas Batool
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Pakistan
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Kexin Li
- School of Emergency Management, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Green Technology and Contingency Management for Emerging Pollutants, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuyue Zhang
- School of Emergency Management, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Green Technology and Contingency Management for Emerging Pollutants, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Daolin Du
- Jingjiang College, Institute of Enviroment and Ecology, School of Emergency Management, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, School of Agricultural Engineering,Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China.
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Jiang G, Shi LF, Li LJ, Duan XJ, Zheng ZF. Activation of the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 pathway improves pulmonary arterial hypertension in MCT-induced rats by inhibiting autophagy. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23452. [PMID: 38308640 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301563r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We aimed to investigate whether the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 pathway affects the development of PAH by mediating autophagy. A PAH rat model was established using monocrotaline (MCT). Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were extracted, and the changes in proliferation, migration, autophagy, and oxidative stress were analyzed following overexpression or knockdown of p62. The impact of p62 on the symptoms of PAH rats was assessed by the injection of an adenovirus overexpressing p62. We found that the knockdown of p62 increased the proliferation and migration of PASMCs, elevating the oxidative stress of PASMCs and upregulating gene expression of NADPH oxidases. Co-IP assay results demonstrated that p62 interacted with Keap1. p62 knockdown enhanced Keap1 protein stability and Nrf2 ubiquitination. LC3II/I and ATG5 were expressed more often when p62 was knocked down. Treating with an inhibitor of autophagy reversed the impact of p62 knockdown on PASMCs. Nrf2 inhibitor treatment reduced the expression of Nrf2 and p62, while increasing the expression of Keap1, LC3II/I, and ATG5 in PASMCs. However, overexpressing p62 diminished mRVP, SPAP, and Fulton index in PAH rats and attenuated pulmonary vascular wall thickening. Overexpression of p62 also decreased the expression of Keap1, LC3II/I, and ATG5 and increased the nuclear expression of Nrf2 in PAH rats. Importantly, overexpression of p62 reduced oxidative stress and the NADPH oxidase expression in PAH rats. Overall, activation of the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 positive feedback signaling axis reduces the proliferation and migration of PASMCs and alleviates PAH by inhibiting autophagy and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
| | - Li-Fang Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
| | - Ling-Jiao Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Ju Duan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
| | - Zhao-Fen Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
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Li MH, Liu X, Xie YL, Tang XG, Song LF, Zhao FR, Chen YJ, Guo C, Zhang WF, Zhu TT. Sodium butyrate alleviates right ventricular hypertrophy in pulmonary arterial hypertension by inhibiting H19 and affecting the activation of let-7g-5p/IGF1 receptor/ERK. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 965:176315. [PMID: 38176636 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a complex and fatal cardio-pulmonary vascular disease. Decompensated right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) caused by cardiomyocyte hypertrophy often leads to fatal heart failure, the leading cause of mortality among patients. Sodium butyrate (SB), a compound known to reduce cardiac hypertrophy, was examined for its potential effect and the underlying mechanism of SB on PAH-RVH. The in vivo study showed that SB alleviated RVH and cardiac dysfunction, as well as improved life span and survival rate in MCT-PAH rats. The in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that SB could attenuate cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by reversing the expressions of H19, let-7g-5p, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1 receptor), and pERK. H19 inhibition restored the level of let-7g-5p and prevented the overexpression of IGF1 receptor and pERK in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes. In addition, dual luciferase assay revealed that H19 demonstrated significant binding with let-7g-5p, acting as its endogenous RNA. Briefly, SB attenuated PAH-RVH by inhibiting the H19 overexpression, restoring the level of let-7g-5p, and hindering IGF1 receptor/ERK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hui Li
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China; Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningbo, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, 453003, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yu-Liang Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, 453003, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Xiao-Guang Tang
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, 453003, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Liao-Fan Song
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, 453003, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Fan-Rong Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, 453003, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Yu-Jing Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, 453003, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Chao Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, 453003, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Wei-Fang Zhang
- Departments of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
| | - Tian-Tian Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, 453003, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
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Pequignot B, Chaouat A, Chabot F, Levy B, Valentin S. Case report: Extracorporeal life support as a successful bridge to recovery in an incident case of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1283065. [PMID: 38379558 PMCID: PMC10876800 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1283065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by a progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) due to vascular remodeling of the small pulmonary arteries. In advanced RV failure or severe hypoxemia, extra corporeal life support (ECLS) is now to be considered, with the objective to bridge patients back to their baseline clinical state while waiting or right after lung transplantation, or bridge to pharmacological optimization of PAH (i.e., bridge to recovery). We describe herein a case of a 30-year-old woman (gravida 6, para 6) with an incident case of heritable PAH revealed by refractory hypoxemia. Despite the use of mechanical ventilation and fluid optimization, the patient remained profoundly hypoxemic. ECLS was then initiated to avoid tissue hypoxia. The mechanical option chosen was peripheral femoro-femoral venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygen (VA-ECMO), percutaneously implanted. Due to the absence of evidence of chronic respiratory disease or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, this severe pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension was attributed to PAH. Therefore, epoprostenol infusion and an association of oral treatments (bosentan and tadalafil) were administered. A dramatic improvement was observed, allowing decannulation 7 days after the initiation of pharmacological treatment. After 29 days, the patient was discharged from the hospital with epoprostenol, bosentan, and tadalafil. The assessment has been completed by positive research on mutations (c.741C > G, p.Tyr247) corresponding to a loss of function of the bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 (BMPR2) gene. The final diagnosis was heritable PAH. The use of ECLS has been well demonstrated in patients with PAH complicated by acute RV failure or refractory hypoxemia in the "bridge-to-transplantation" strategy. Only a few reports have described the use of ECLS as a "bridge-to-recovery" with PAH drugs in untreated or undertreated PAH patients, but none has described such a rapid improvement with resolution of refractory hypoxemia. More studies are needed to assess the benefits and limitations of the "bridge-to-recovery" strategy and to identify the patients most likely to benefit from it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Pequignot
- Université de Lorraine, Service de Médecine Intensive et Réanimation, Hôpital Brabois, CHRU Nancy, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, Inserm UMR_S1116, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Ari Chaouat
- Université de Lorraine, Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, Inserm UMR_S1116, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Pôle des spécialités médicales/département de pneumologie, Nancy, France
| | - François Chabot
- Université de Lorraine, Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, Inserm UMR_S1116, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Pôle des spécialités médicales/département de pneumologie, Nancy, France
| | - Bruno Levy
- Université de Lorraine, Service de Médecine Intensive et Réanimation, Hôpital Brabois, CHRU Nancy, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, Inserm UMR_S1116, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Simon Valentin
- Université de Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Pôle des spécialités médicales/département de pneumologie, Nancy, France
- IADI, Université de Lorraine, INSERM U1254, Nancy, France
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Hatzianestis I, Parinos C, Chourdaki S, Plakidi E, Abualnaja Y, Hoteit I, Churchill J, Papageorgiou D, Papadopoulos VP, Alshehri Y, Pavlidou A. Organic contaminants levels, distribution and risk assessment in Jeddah marine coastal zone sediments. Mar Pollut Bull 2024; 199:115926. [PMID: 38128252 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Herein, various organic contaminants were determined in surface sediments collected from the Jeddah coastal zone, Saudi Arabia, to assess their levels, origin and probable toxic effects on marine organisms. High hydrocarbons concentrations, indicative of an enhanced pollutant burden, were recorded in the Jeddah Lagoon (mean value 4100 mg/kg for total aliphatic hydrocarbons (∑AHC) and 5800 μg/kg for total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (∑PAH)), whereas mean values in Mena Jeddah were 258 mg/kg for ∑AHC and 615 μg/kg for ∑PAH. By using molecular diagnostic ratios/indices and applying Positive Matrix Factorization, petroleum related pollution seems to predominate in Jeddah lagoons, whereas carcinogenic contaminants of pyrolytic origin were dominant in Mena Jedda. Additionally, municipal wastewaters were identified as a major source of pollution in Jeddah lagoons. Comparison of the concentrations of individual PAHs and polychlorinated biphenyls with sediment quality guidelines indicates that, despite their high total values, adverse biological effects are unlikely to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Hatzianestis
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (H.C.M.R.), 46.7 Km Athens-Sounio av., Mavro Lithari, 19013 Anavyssos, Attiki, Greece.
| | - C Parinos
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (H.C.M.R.), 46.7 Km Athens-Sounio av., Mavro Lithari, 19013 Anavyssos, Attiki, Greece
| | - S Chourdaki
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (H.C.M.R.), 46.7 Km Athens-Sounio av., Mavro Lithari, 19013 Anavyssos, Attiki, Greece
| | - E Plakidi
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (H.C.M.R.), 46.7 Km Athens-Sounio av., Mavro Lithari, 19013 Anavyssos, Attiki, Greece
| | - Y Abualnaja
- Red Sea Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Jeddah 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - I Hoteit
- Climate Change Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - J Churchill
- Department of Physical Oceanography, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - D Papageorgiou
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (H.C.M.R.), 46.7 Km Athens-Sounio av., Mavro Lithari, 19013 Anavyssos, Attiki, Greece
| | - V P Papadopoulos
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (H.C.M.R.), 46.7 Km Athens-Sounio av., Mavro Lithari, 19013 Anavyssos, Attiki, Greece
| | - Y Alshehri
- National Center for Environmental Compliance, Riyadh 13241-3000, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Pavlidou
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (H.C.M.R.), 46.7 Km Athens-Sounio av., Mavro Lithari, 19013 Anavyssos, Attiki, Greece
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McLaughlin V, Farber HW, Highland KB, Hemnes AR, Chakinala MM, Chin KM, Han M, Cho M, Tobore T, Rahman M, Kim NH. Disease characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension treated with selexipag in real-world settings from the SPHERE registry (SelexiPag: tHe usErs dRug rEgistry). J Heart Lung Transplant 2024; 43:272-283. [PMID: 37778526 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selexipag is an oral prostacyclin receptor agonist, indicated for pulmonary arterial hypertension to delay disease progression and reduce the risk of pulmonary arterial hypertension-related hospitalization. SelexiPag: tHe usErs dRug rEgistry (NCT03278002) was a US-based, prospective, real-world registry of selexipag-treated patients. METHODS Adults with pulmonary hypertension (enrolled 2016-2020) prescribed selexipag were followed for ≤18 months, with data collected at routine clinic visits. Patients were defined as newly or previously initiated if they had started selexipag ≤60 days or >60 days, respectively, before enrollment. RESULTS The registry included 829 patients (430 newly initiated, 399 previously initiated; 759 with pulmonary arterial hypertension), of whom 55.6% were World Health Organization functional class (FC) 3/4; 57.3% were intermediate or high risk per Registry to Evaluate Early and Long-Term PAH Disease Management (REVEAL) 2.0. In patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension, 18-month discontinuation rates for adverse events were 22.0%, 32.0%, and 11.9%, and 18-month survival rates were 89.4%, 84.2%, and 94.5% in the overall, newly, and previously initiated patient populations, respectively. From baseline to month 18, most patients had stable or improved FC and stable or improved REVEAL 2.0 risk category status. Discontinuation for adverse events, hospitalization, and survival were similar regardless of patients' individually tolerated selexipag maintenance dose. No new safety signals were identified. CONCLUSIONS In this real-world analysis of patients initiating selexipag, most patients had stable or improved FC and REVEAL 2.0 risk category. Similar to the GRIPHON trial, outcomes with selexipag in this real-world study were comparable across maintenance dose strata, with no new safety signals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anna R Hemnes
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | - Kelly M Chin
- University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Michelle Han
- Actelion Pharmaceuticals US, Inc., Titusville, New Jersey
| | - Michelle Cho
- Actelion Pharmaceuticals US, Inc., Titusville, New Jersey
| | - Tobore Tobore
- Actelion Pharmaceuticals US, Inc., Titusville, New Jersey
| | | | - Nick H Kim
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
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32
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Kwong HS, Paloni M, Grandvuillemin L, Sirounian S, Ancelin A, Lai-Kee-Him J, Grimaldi M, Carivenc C, Lancey C, Ragan TJ, Hesketh EL, Balaguer P, Barducci A, Gruszczyk J, Bourguet W. Structural Insights into the Activation of Human Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor by the Environmental Contaminant Benzo[a]pyrene and Structurally Related Compounds. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168411. [PMID: 38135181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor belonging to the bHLH/PAS protein family and responding to hundreds of natural and chemical substances. It is primarily involved in the defense against chemical insults and bacterial infections or in the adaptive immune response, but also in the development of pathological conditions ranging from inflammatory to neoplastic disorders. Despite its prominent roles in many (patho)physiological processes, the lack of high-resolution structural data has precluded for thirty years an in-depth understanding of the structural mechanisms underlying ligand-binding specificity, promiscuity and activation of AHR. We recently reported a cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of human AHR bound to the natural ligand indirubin, the chaperone Hsp90 and the co-chaperone XAP2 that provided the first experimental visualization of its ligand-binding PAS-B domain. Here, we report a 2.75 Å resolution structure of the AHR complex bound to the environmental pollutant benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P). The structure substantiates the existence of a bipartite PAS-B ligand-binding pocket with a geometrically constrained primary binding site controlling ligand binding specificity and affinity, and a secondary binding site contributing to the binding promiscuity of AHR. We also report a docking study of B[a]P congeners that validates the B[a]P-bound PAS-B structure as a suitable model for accurate computational ligand binding assessment. Finally, comparison of our agonist-bound complex with the recently reported structures of mouse and fruit fly AHR PAS-B in different activation states suggests a ligand-induced loop conformational change potentially involved in the regulation of AHR function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hok-Sau Kwong
- CBS (Centre de Biologie Structurale), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Matteo Paloni
- CBS (Centre de Biologie Structurale), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Loïc Grandvuillemin
- CBS (Centre de Biologie Structurale), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Savannah Sirounian
- CBS (Centre de Biologie Structurale), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Aurélie Ancelin
- CBS (Centre de Biologie Structurale), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Josephine Lai-Kee-Him
- CBS (Centre de Biologie Structurale), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Marina Grimaldi
- IRCM (Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier), Univ Montpellier, Inserm, ICM, Montpellier, France
| | - Coralie Carivenc
- CBS (Centre de Biologie Structurale), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Claudia Lancey
- Leicester Institute of Structural & Chemical Biology and Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Lancaster Rd, Leicester LE1 7HB, UK
| | - Timothy J Ragan
- Leicester Institute of Structural & Chemical Biology and Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Lancaster Rd, Leicester LE1 7HB, UK
| | - Emma L Hesketh
- Leicester Institute of Structural & Chemical Biology and Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Lancaster Rd, Leicester LE1 7HB, UK
| | - Patrick Balaguer
- IRCM (Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier), Univ Montpellier, Inserm, ICM, Montpellier, France
| | - Alessandro Barducci
- CBS (Centre de Biologie Structurale), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Jakub Gruszczyk
- CBS (Centre de Biologie Structurale), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, Montpellier, France.
| | - William Bourguet
- CBS (Centre de Biologie Structurale), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, Montpellier, France.
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Lin J, Zhang Y, Lin S, Ding H, Liu W. Integrating Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification to Explore the Pharmacological Mechanisms of Cordycepin against Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Rats. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:CCHTS-EPUB-138146. [PMID: 38299286 DOI: 10.2174/0113862073267432230925112002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) is a fatal disease with high morbidity and mortality. Cordycepin has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immune enhancing effects. However, the role of Cordycepin in the treatment of PAH and its mechanism is not clear. METHODS The Cordycepin structure and PAH-related gene targets were obtained from public databases. The KEGG and GO enrichment analysis of common targets was performed in DAVID. PPI networks were also mapped using the STRING platform. AutoDock Vina, AutoDockTools, ChemBio3D and Pymol tools were selected for molecular docking of key targets. The therapeutic effects of Cordycepin on PAH were observed in Monocrotaline(MCT)-induced PAH rats and platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGFBB)-induced rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). The right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) was detected. HE staining, Western Blot, Scratch assay, EDU and TUNEL assays were used respectively. RESULTS Through Network Pharmacology and molecular docking , the Cordycepin-PAH core genes were found to be TP53, AKT1, CASP3, BAX and BCL2L1. In MCT-induced PAH rats, the administration of Cordycepin significantly reduced RVSP, and inhibited pulmonary vascular remodeling. In PDGFBB-induced PASMCs, Cordycepin reduced the migration and proliferation of PASMCs and promoted apoptosis. After the Cordycepin treatment, the protein expressions of TP53, Cleaved CASP3 and BAX were significantly increased, while the protein expressions of p-AKT1 and BCL2L1 were significantly decreased in MCT-PAH rats and PDGFBB-induced PASMCs. CONCLUSION This study identified that TP53, AKT1, CASP3, BAX, and BCL2L1 were the potential targets of Cordycepin against PAH by ameliorating pulmonary vascular remodeling, inhibiting the abnormal proliferation and migration of PASMCs and increasing apoptosis of PASMCs. which provided a new understanding of the pharmacological mechanisms of Cordycepin in the treatment of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangpeng Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China,510260
| | - Yuzhuo Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China,510260
| | - Shuangfeng Lin
- The first Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China, 510405
| | - Haiming Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Panyu Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weihua Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China,510260
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Suter EK, Rutto HL, Seodigeng TS, Kiambi SL, Omwoyo WN. Recycled pulp and paper sludge, potential source of cellulose: feasibility assessment and characterization. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 2024; 58:1061-1071. [PMID: 38287653 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2024.2309857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
The pulp and paper industry stands out as an example of a technology based on a renewable resource, cellulose. The sludge, however, poses major environmental and public health problems. To effectively manage the sludge wastes, it is critical to fully evaluate its composition, possible environmental impacts, and the total amount of exploitable renewable resources. The study established the pH of the sludge to be 7.32 ± 0.98, an electrical conductivity (1.84 mS/cm), nitrogen concentration (2.65 ± 0.21%), and total organic matter (41.23 ± 3.11%). The cellulosic content was established to be 74.07 ± 2.71% which contributes to 53.07 ± 1.23% water holding capacity (WHC). The most abundant elements were C and O, followed by Cl, Si, Al, and Mg, with lower concentrations of S, Si, K, and iron. The polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAHs) levels ranged from 0.29 to 322.56 ng.g-1 with 1-methyl pyrene posting the highest concentration (322.56 ng.g-1. XRD peaks at 17.10°, 23.86°, 30.14°, and 36.57°, which imply the existence of CaCO3. SEM indicated that the sludge was majorly comprised of fibers materials with average particle sizes of 280 micrometers. TGA/DTG analysis showed that the sludge had the greatest cellulose and hemicellulose (64.7 wt. %).
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Affiliation(s)
- E K Suter
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Metallurgy, Clean Technology and Applied Materials Research Group, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
| | - H L Rutto
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Metallurgy, Clean Technology and Applied Materials Research Group, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
| | - T S Seodigeng
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Metallurgy, Clean Technology and Applied Materials Research Group, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
| | - S L Kiambi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Metallurgy, Clean Technology and Applied Materials Research Group, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
| | - W N Omwoyo
- Biotechnology and Chemistry Department, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
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Vigneron A, Guyoneaud R, Goñi-Urriza M. Genome-Centric Metatranscriptomics Reveals Multiple Co-occurring Routes for Hydrocarbon Degradation in Chronically Contaminated Marine Microbial Mats. Environ Sci Technol 2024; 58:1551-1562. [PMID: 38197744 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Long-term hydrocarbon pollution is a devious threat to aquatic and marine ecosystems. However, microbial responses to chronic pollution remain poorly understood. Combining genome-centric metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses of microbial mat samples that experienced chronic hydrocarbon pollution for more than 80 years, we analyzed the transcriptomic activity of alkane and aromatic hydrocarbon degradation pathways at the population level. Consistent with the fluctuating and stratified redox conditions of the habitat, both aerobic and anaerobic hydrocarbon degradation pathways were expressed by taxonomically and metabolically contrasted lineages including members of Bacteroidiales, Desulfobacteraceae, Pseudomonadales; Alcanivoraceae and Halieaceae populations with (photo)-heterotrophic, sulfur- and organohalide-based metabolisms, providing evidence for the co-occurrence and activity of aerobic and anaerobic hydrocarbon degradation pathways in shallow marine microbial mats. In addition, our results suggest that aerobic alkane degradation in long-term pollution involved bacterial families that are naturally widely distributed in marine habitats, but hydrocarbon concentration and composition were found to be a strong structuring factor of their intrafamily diversity and transcriptomic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Vigneron
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Pau 64053, France
| | - Rémy Guyoneaud
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Pau 64053, France
| | - Marisol Goñi-Urriza
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Pau 64053, France
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Ferrian S, Cao A, McCaffrey EF, Saito T, Greenwald NF, Nicolls MR, Bruce T, Zamanian RT, Del Rosario P, Rabinovitch M, Angelo M. Single-Cell Imaging Maps Inflammatory Cell Subsets to Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Vasculopathy. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2024; 209:206-218. [PMID: 37934691 PMCID: PMC10806425 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202209-1761oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Unraveling immune-driven vascular pathology in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) requires a comprehensive understanding of the immune cell landscape. Although patients with hereditary (H)PAH and bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 (BMPR2) mutations have more severe pulmonary vascular pathology, it is not known whether this is related to specific immune cell subsets. Objectives: This study aims to elucidate immune-driven vascular pathology by identifying immune cell subtypes linked to severity of pulmonary arterial lesions in PAH. Methods: We used cutting-edge multiplexed ion beam imaging by time of flight to compare pulmonary arteries (PAs) and adjacent tissue in PAH lungs (idiopathic [I]PAH and HPAH) with unused donor lungs, as controls. Measurements and Main Results: We quantified immune cells' proximity and abundance, focusing on those features linked to vascular pathology, and evaluated their impact on pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and endothelial cells. Distinct immune infiltration patterns emerged between PAH subtypes, with intramural involvement independently linked to PA occlusive changes. Notably, we identified monocyte-derived dendritic cells within PA subendothelial and adventitial regions, influencing vascular remodeling by promoting SMC proliferation and suppressing endothelial gene expression across PAH subtypes. In patients with HPAH, pronounced immune dysregulation encircled PA walls, characterized by heightened perivascular inflammation involving T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3 (TIM-3)+ T cells. This correlated with an expanded DC subset expressing indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1, TIM-3, and SAM and HD domain-containing deoxynucleoside triphosphate triphosphohydrolase 1, alongside increased neutrophils, SMCs, and alpha-smooth muscle actin (ACTA2)+ endothelial cells, reinforcing the heightened severity of pulmonary vascular lesions. Conclusions: This study presents the first architectural map of PAH lungs, connecting immune subsets not only with specific PA lesions but also with heightened severity in HPAH compared with IPAH. Our findings emphasize the therapeutic potential of targeting monocyte-derived dendritic cells, neutrophils, cellular interactions, and immune responses to alleviate severe vascular pathology in IPAH and HPAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selena Ferrian
- Department of Pathology
- Early Clinical Development Informatics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Aiqin Cao
- Department of Pediatrics
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease
- Cardiovascular Institute, and
- Basic Science and Engineering (BASE) Initiative, Betty Irene Moore Children’s Heart Center, Stanford, California
| | | | | | | | - Mark R. Nicolls
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease
- Cardiovascular Institute, and
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | | | - Roham T. Zamanian
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Patricia Del Rosario
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease
| | - Marlene Rabinovitch
- Department of Pediatrics
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease
- Cardiovascular Institute, and
- Basic Science and Engineering (BASE) Initiative, Betty Irene Moore Children’s Heart Center, Stanford, California
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
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Li S, Gao X, Zhu S, Liang H. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( PAHs) in coal preparation plant products: A contributor to environmental pollution. Sci Total Environ 2024; 906:167887. [PMID: 37852503 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Coal and coal gangue are petrogenic sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which cause adverse impacts on the environment. Raw coal, cleaned coal, slime, slack gangue, and lump gangue from the Pingshuo No. 1 Coal Preparation Plant, China, were analyzed to determine the concentrations and compositions of 16 priority parent PAHs (16PAHs) and their alkylated derivatives (aPAHs). The ∑16PAH and ∑aPAH concentrations in the samples ranged from 18.7 to 139.2 mg/kg and 22.2 to 262.3 mg/kg, respectively, and ranked as follows: cleaned coal > raw coal > slime > lump gangue > slack gangue. Coal gangues had a higher proportion and lower degree of alkylation of 4-6-ring PAHs than coals. A summary analysis of references related to coal and coal gangue diagnostic ratios showed that their ratios could not be used to differentiate them from other PAH sources, indicating that the release of particulate coal and coal gangue would increase the uncertainty of environmental PAH identification results. The diagnostic ratios of coal gangue were relatively concentrated, and comparing the ratio distribution could reveal the coal gangue source PAHs. The toxicity risk of slack gangue was higher than that of lump gangue based on the benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent concentration; hence, more attention should be given to its escape to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Fine Exploration and Intelligent Development of Coal Resources, Beijing 100083, China; School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiulong Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Fine Exploration and Intelligent Development of Coal Resources, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shuquan Zhu
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Handong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Fine Exploration and Intelligent Development of Coal Resources, Beijing 100083, China.
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Umnutzung von Gewerbegebäuden in Wohnraum: Was ist bezüglich möglicher Schadstoffbelastungen in der Innenraumluft zu beachten? Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2024; 67:116-22. [PMID: 38193913 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-023-03812-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The conversion of industrial buildings into residential space requires special consideration of the inherited building fabric and associated pollutants. Due to the previous industrial use at contaminated sites, certain pollutants may play a significant role that are normally not the focus of refurbishments activities of residential spaces. In order to comply with the increased requirements with respect to indoor air quality in residential spaces, and to avoid unnecessary efforts and costs of amendments to the refurbishment, the Indoor Air Hygiene Commission (IRK) provides advice on how to prepare the conversion of commercial buildings so that healthy living conditions are ensured.
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Zheng ZY, Ni HG. Predicted no-effect concentration for eight PAHs and their ecological risks in seven major river systems of China. Sci Total Environ 2024; 906:167590. [PMID: 37802352 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The initial step in the assessment of the ecological risk of pollutants is to determine the predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC). However, ecological risk assessments of eight carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), including dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA), methylcholanthrene (MCA), benzo(a)anthracene (BaA), chrysene (CHR), benzo(b)fluoranthene (BbF), benzo(k)fluoranthene (BkF), benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), and dibenzo(a,h)anthracene (DBA), are rarely conducted due to the lack of their PNECs based on test data. In this study, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models and interspecies correlation estimation (ICE) models were combined to predict the acute toxicity of these eight target PHAs. A Kolmogorov-Smirnov analysis for species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) of native and all species was conducted. There was no significant difference between the predictions for native Chinese species and the predictions for all species by the QSAR-ICE models. In addition, the feasibility of the QSAR-ICE models was demonstrated by comparing the SSD curves constructed by measured toxicity data of BaP and those predicted by the QSAR-ICE models. The PNECs of the eight PAHs were estimated based on the SSDs and acute to chronic ratio (ACR) method; these data were 0.071 μg/L, 0.033 μg/L, 0.049 μg/L, 0.114 μg/L, 0.019 μg/L, 0.021 μg/L, 0.038 μg/L and 0.054 μg/L for DMBA, DBA, BaP, MCA, BaA, CHR, BbF, BkF, respectively. The higher PNECs of the alkylated PAHs suggested their lower ecological risks. Based on the mixed risk quotient (mRQ) of PAHs through the concentration addition (CA) model, high ecological risk watersheds, such as the Songhua River (mRQ = 1.95), the Liao River (mRQ = 4.59), and the Huai River (mRQ = 1.93), were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yi Zheng
- School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hong-Gang Ni
- School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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40
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Li M, Ying M, Gu S, Zhou Z, Zhao R. Matrine alleviates hypoxia-induced inflammation and pulmonary vascular remodelling via RPS5/NF-κB signalling pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23583. [PMID: 37986032 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-induced vasoconstriction and vascular remodelling are the main pathological features of hypoxic pulmonary arterial hypertension (HPAH), and inflammation is participated in the occurrence of pulmonary vascular remodelling (PVR). Matrine is an alkaloid with the effects of anti-inflammation, antifibrosis and antitumour. But, few studies have explored the role of matrine in regulating PVR, and the related mechanisms are still unknown. In this study, we found that hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) proliferation and inhibited its apoptosis, reduced the expression of ribosomal protein s5 and activated the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signalling. Matrine, sildenafil and NF-κB inhibitor Bay 11-7082 could reverse these changes and impel the cell cycle in phase S retardation, and reduced the expression of p50, p65, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Bcl-2. In addition, matrine could lower right ventricular systolic pressure and mean pulmonary artery pressure of rats, α-smooth muscle actin and PCNA expression in pulmonary artery media, the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleuki-1β, thus improved hypoxia-induced PVR. This study indicated that matrine could alleviate inflammation and improve PVR through reversing the imbalance of proliferation and apoptosis of PASMCs, thus it had a therapeutic effect on HPAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miaofa Ying
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shenglong Gu
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Moinzadeh P, Bonella F, Oberste M, Weliwitage J, Blank N, Riemekasten G, Müller-Ladner U, Henes J, Siegert E, Günther C, Kötter I, Pfeiffer C, Schmalzing M, Zeidler G, Korsten P, Susok L, Juche A, Worm M, Jandova I, Ehrchen J, Sunderkötter C, Keyßer G, Ramming A, Schmeiser T, Kreuter A, Lorenz HM, Hunzelmann N, Kreuter M. Impact of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease With and Without Pulmonary Hypertension on Survival: A Large Cohort Study of the German Network for Systemic Sclerosis. Chest 2024; 165:132-145. [PMID: 37582424 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary involvement is the leading cause of death in systemic sclerosis (SSc) and may manifest as interstitial lung disease (ILD), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), or in combination of both (ILD with pulmonary hypertension [ILD-PH]). The aim of this analysis was to determine prevalence, clinical characteristics, and survival of these different forms within the registry of the German Network for Systemic Sclerosis. RESEARCH QUESTION Does SSc-associated ILD-PH or ILD without PH affect survival differently, and are there any risk factors that have an additional impact? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Clinical data of 5,831 patients with SSc were collected in the German Network for Systemic Sclerosis registry. Kaplan-Meier estimates were used to compare overall survival in patients with SSc-associated ILD-PH and ILD without PH with patients without pulmonary involvement and those with PAH. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to analyze the influence of pulmonary involvement and other potential predictors on patient survival. RESULTS Clinical data of 3,257 patients with a mean follow-up time of 3.45 ± 1.63 years have been included in our analysis. At baseline, ILD was present in 34.5%, whereas PH without ILD had a lower prevalence with 4.5%. At the end of follow-up, 47.6% of patients with SSc had ILD, 15.2% had ILD-PH, and 6.5% had PAH. ILD was more frequent in the diffuse cutaneous form (57.3%), whereas PAH did not differ significantly between SSc subtypes. Significant differences in baseline characteristics between PAH vs ILD-PH vs ILD without PH were found for age at diagnosis, sex, SSc subsets, antibody status, FVC, diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide, and therapy. Overall survival at 5 years was 96.4% for patients without pulmonary involvement and differed significantly between patients with ILD without PH, PAH, and being worst in patients with ILD-PH. Female sex (hazard ratio [HR], 0.3), higher BMI (HR, 0.9), and higher diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide values (HR, 0.98) were associated with a lower mortality risk. INTERPRETATION ILD is the most prevalent pulmonary involvement in SSc, whereas the combination of ILD and PH is associated with the most detrimental survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Moinzadeh
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Francesco Bonella
- Center for Interstitial and Rare Lung Diseases, Ruhrlandklinik, Pneumonology Department, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Max Oberste
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jithmi Weliwitage
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nobert Blank
- Division of Rheumatology, Internal Medicine V, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gabriela Riemekasten
- Clinic for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Jörg Henes
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Rheumatology, Auto-inflammatory Diseases and Internal Medicine 2, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Elise Siegert
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Günther
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ina Kötter
- Division of Rheumatology and Systemic Inflammatory Diseases, University Hospital Hamburg, Rheumatology Clinic, Bad Bramstedt, Germany
| | - Christiane Pfeiffer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Marc Schmalzing
- Rheumatology/Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gabriele Zeidler
- Department of Rheumatology, Osteology and Pain Therapy, Center for Rheumatology Brandenburg, Johanniter-Hospital Treuenbrietzen, Treuenbrietzen, Germany
| | - Peter Korsten
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Laura Susok
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Aaron Juche
- Department of Rheumatology, Immanuel Hospital Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Margitta Worm
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ilona Jandova
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jan Ehrchen
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Cord Sunderkötter
- Departments of Dermatology, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Halle, Germany
| | - Gernot Keyßer
- Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Halle, Germany
| | - Andreas Ramming
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Rheumatology & Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tim Schmeiser
- Internal Medicine - Rhematology and Osteology, Hospital St. Josef, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Alexander Kreuter
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Helios St Elisabeth Hospital Oberhausen, University Witten/Herdecke, Oberhausen, Germany
| | - Hanns-Martin Lorenz
- Division of Rheumatology, Internal Medicine V, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nicolas Hunzelmann
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Kreuter
- Mainz Center for Pulmonary Medicine, Departments of Pneumology, Mainz University Medical Center and of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Marienhaus Clinic Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Zhang M, Zeng Q, Zhou S, Zhu G, Xu Y, Gao R, Su W, Wang R. Mendelian randomization study on causal association of IL-6 signaling with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Clin Exp Hypertens 2023; 45:2183963. [PMID: 36871578 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2023.2183963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A recent Mendelian randomization (MR) did not support an effect of the lead interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6 R) variant on risk of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Thus, we used two sets of genetic instrumental variants (IVs) and publicly available PAH genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to reassess the genetic causal link between IL-6 signaling and PAH. METHODS Six independent IL-6 signaling and 34 independent soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6 R) genetic IVs from recent MR reports and PAH GWAS including 162,962 European individuals were used to perform this two-sample MR study. RESULTS We found that as IL-6 signaling genetically increased, the risk of PAH reduced using IVW (odds ratio [OR] = 0.023, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.0013-0.393; p = .0093) and weighted median (OR = 0.033, 95% CI: 0.0024-0.467; p = .0116). Otherwise, as sIL-6 R genetically increased, the risk of PAH increased using IVW (OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.16-1.56; p = .0001), weighted median (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.10-1.68; p = .005), MR-Egger (OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.05-1.94; p = .03), and weighted mode (OR = 1.35, 95% CI for OR: 1.12-1.63; p = .0035). CONCLUSION Our analysis suggested the causal link between genetically increased sIL-6 R and increased risk of PAH and between genetically increased IL-6 signaling and reduced risk of PAH. Thus, higher sIL-6 R levels may be a risk factor for patients with PAH, whereas higher IL-6 signaling may be a protective factor for patients with PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Qi Zeng
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Shan Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Gaizhi Zhu
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Yaqi Xu
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Ran Gao
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Wenting Su
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Renxi Wang
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, China
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Sánchez-Alvarado AB, Zhou J, Jin P, Neumann O, Senftle TP, Nordlander P, Halas NJ. Combined Surface-Enhanced Raman and Infrared Absorption Spectroscopies for Streamlined Chemical Detection of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Derived Compounds. ACS Nano 2023; 17:25697-25706. [PMID: 38063501 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) constitute a class of universally prevalent carcinogenic environmental contaminants. It is increasingly recognized, however, that PAHs derivatized with oxygen, sulfur, or nitrogen functional groups are frequently more dangerous than their unfunctionalized counterparts. This much larger family of chemicals─polycyclic aromatic compounds─PACs─is far less well characterized than PAHs. Using surface-enhanced Raman and IR Absorption spectroscopies (SERS + SEIRA) combined on a single substrate, along with density functional theoretical (DFT) calculations, we show that direct chemical detection and identification of PACs at sub-parts-per-billion concentration can be achieved. Focusing our studies on 9,10-anthraquinone, 5,12-tetracenequinone, 9-nitroanthracene, and 1-nitropyrene as model PAC contaminants, detection is made possible by incorporating a hydroxy-functionalized self-assembled monolayer that facilitates hydrogen bonding between analytes and the SERS + SEIRA substrate. 5,12-Tetracenequinone was detected at 0.3 ppb, and the limit of detection was determined to be 0.1 ppb using SEIRA alone. This approach is straightforwardly extendable to other families of analytes and will ultimately facilitate fieldable chemical detection of these dangerous yet largely overlooked environmental contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés B Sánchez-Alvarado
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jingyi Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Peixuan Jin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Oara Neumann
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Thomas P Senftle
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Peter Nordlander
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Naomi J Halas
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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Garagnon J, Perrette Y, Naffrechoux E, Pons-Branchu E. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon record in an urban secondary carbonate deposit over the last three centuries (Paris, France). Sci Total Environ 2023; 905:167429. [PMID: 37774882 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Preserving water resources and limiting pollution are central environmental issues in the current context of intense anthropization. Among organic pollutants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are commonly analysed as part of water quality assessments. After being emitted into the atmosphere, these persistent organic pollutants are deposited on the continental surface, where they are transported to the aquatic environment by run-off and infiltration waters. Mainly due to anthropogenic emissions, PAHs can therefore be considered as a proxy for human activities. Urban secondary carbonate deposits (USCDs), similar to cave speleothems, have recently been studied for their potential as natural archives of water quality. However, USCDs have never been used to trace water organic pollution and only a few studies on PAHs in speleothems are available. This study focuses on a well-dated USCD covering the last 300 years from the Great Aqueduct of Belleville (north-east of Paris, France). The aim is to determine the nature and variation of trapped organic compounds over time and to discuss their origin, transport, and link with changes in soil occupation due to human activities. To do so, high-resolution solid-phase UV fluorescence imaging analyses were combined with chemical analyses of PAHs and organic carbon carried out on low-weight samples. The results show that PAHs have been present in urban surface water for 300 years. Over the last few decades, a 7-fold increase is observed, accompanied by a change in the pollution source, enriched in high-molecular-weight PAHs, probably linked to urban dust. This study also reveals modes of transport directly influenced by changes in the soil occupation that are very different from those usually encountered in natural environments. This work thus paves the way for a better long-term understanding of the impact of human activity on the transfer of pollutants to sub-surface waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Garagnon
- LSCE/IPSL, UMR 8212CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; EDYTEM (CNRS/USMB/MCC), Bâtiment Pole Montagne, Campus Scientifique, 73376 Le Bourget du Lac Cedex, France.
| | - Yves Perrette
- EDYTEM (CNRS/USMB/MCC), Bâtiment Pole Montagne, Campus Scientifique, 73376 Le Bourget du Lac Cedex, France
| | - Emmanuel Naffrechoux
- EDYTEM (CNRS/USMB/MCC), Bâtiment Pole Montagne, Campus Scientifique, 73376 Le Bourget du Lac Cedex, France
| | - Edwige Pons-Branchu
- LSCE/IPSL, UMR 8212CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Frøysa HG, Nepstad R, Meier S, Donald C, Sørhus E, Bockwoldt M, Carroll J, Vikebø FB. Mind the gap - Relevant design for laboratory oil exposure of fish as informed by a numerical impact assessment model. Sci Total Environ 2023; 904:166951. [PMID: 37696403 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Laboratory experiments provide knowledge of species-specific effects thresholds that are used to parameterize impact assessment models of oil contamination on marine ecosystems. Such experiments typically place individuals of species and life stages in tanks with different contaminant concentrations. Exposure concentrations are usually fixed, and the individuals experience a shock treatment being moved from clean water directly into contaminated water and then back to clean water. In this study, we use a coupled numerical model that simulates ocean currents and state, oil dispersal and fate, and early life stages of fish to quantify oil exposure histories, specifically addressing oil spill scenarios of high rates and long durations. By including uptake modelling we also investigate the potential of buffering transient high peaks in exposure. Our simulation results are the basis for a recommendation on the design of laboratory experiments to improve impact assessment model development and parameterization. We recommend an exposure profile with three main phases: i) a gradual increase in concentration, ii) a transient peak that is well above the subsequent level, and iii) a plateau of fixed concentration lasting ∼3 days. In addition, a fourth phase with a slow decrease may be added.
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Affiliation(s)
- Håvard G Frøysa
- Institute of Marine Research, PO Box 1870, Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Raymond Nepstad
- SINTEF Ocean, PO Box 4762, Torgarden, 7465 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sonnich Meier
- Institute of Marine Research, PO Box 1870, Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway
| | - Carey Donald
- Institute of Marine Research, PO Box 1870, Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway
| | - Elin Sørhus
- Institute of Marine Research, PO Box 1870, Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway
| | - Mathias Bockwoldt
- Department of Geosciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - JoLynn Carroll
- Department of Geosciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; Akvaplan-Niva, FRAM - High North Research Centre for Climate and the Environment, 9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Frode B Vikebø
- Institute of Marine Research, PO Box 1870, Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway; Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen, PO Box 7830, 5020 Bergen, Norway
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Brooks SJ, Gomes T, Grung M, Petersen K, Macken A. An integrated biological effects assessment of the discharge water into the Sunndalsfjord from an aluminium smelter. Sci Total Environ 2023; 904:166798. [PMID: 37673263 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
An integrated biological effects study using field transplanted mussels was applied to determine the potential biological effects of an effluent discharge from an aluminium smelter into a Norwegian fjord. Chemical body burden and biological effects were measured in mussels positioned downstream (1, 2, 5, 10 and 20 km) from the aluminium smelters discharge for a period of 6 weeks. A suite of biomarkers, from whole organism to subcellular responses were measured. Chemical concentrations in mussel tissues were low; however, a change in the PAC (polyaromatic compound) profile from high to low pyrogenic influence provided evidence of exposure to the smelter's effluent. Overall, the biological responses observed where greater in the mussels positioned closest to the smelter (1-5 km). Lowest chemical accumulation and biomarker responses were observed in mussels positioned 10 km from the smelter and were considered as the reference field population. Mussels located furthest from the smelter (20 km) exhibited significant biomarker responses and suggested a different contaminant source within the fjord. The integrated biological response index (IBR) was applied and reflected the expected level of exposure to the smelters discharge, with highest IBR calculated in mussels positioned closest to the discharge (1-5 km). Principal component analysis (PCA) also differentiated among mussel groups, with the most impacted located closest to the smelter. Not one chemical factor could explain the biological responses observed in mussels, but the presence of PAH16, PAH41 and metals Mn, Ni and Cr were the main contributors measured to the higher stress seen in the mussels from the 1 and 5 km groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Brooks
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Økernveien 94, 0579 Oslo, Norway.
| | - T Gomes
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Økernveien 94, 0579 Oslo, Norway
| | - M Grung
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Økernveien 94, 0579 Oslo, Norway
| | - K Petersen
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Økernveien 94, 0579 Oslo, Norway
| | - A Macken
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Økernveien 94, 0579 Oslo, Norway
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47
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Williams-Clayson AM, Vane CH, Jones MD, Thomas R, Kim AW, Taylor C, Beriro DJ. Characterisation of former manufactured gas plant soils using parent and alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and Rock-Eval(6) pyrolysis. Environ Pollut 2023; 339:122658. [PMID: 37778490 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Soils sampled from 10 former manufactured gas plants (MGP) in the UK were investigated using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) and Rock-Eval (6) Pyrolysis (RE). RE is a screening tool used to characterise bulk organic matter in soils via the release of carbon compounds during pyrolysis and oxidation. Both the distributions and concentrations of 30 parent and 21 alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the parameters of RE were analysed to establish relationships between soils and the MGP processes history. Principal component analysis (PCA) using the PAHs distributions and RE parameters can assist with differentiating between MGP processes. MGP processes utilizing oil provided the clearest results, attributed to petrogenic signatures with high proportions of low molecular weight PAHs. Processes using lower temperature processes were distinguished by higher proportions of high molecular weight PAHs. RE parameters alone were unable to distinguish MGP processes but showed potential in estimating the lability and thus the amount of PAH that could be released from soils. This research provides new insights that may be useful in understanding and characterising the risks posed to human health from PAHs in soils.
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Koslitz S, Heinrich B, Käfferlein HU, Koch HM, Pelzl T, Pitzke K, Köster D, Weiß T, Harth V, Brüning T, Behrens T, Taeger D. Biomonitoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in firefighters at fire training facilities and in employees at respiratory protection and hose workshops. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1277812. [PMID: 38152667 PMCID: PMC10751366 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1277812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are carcinogenic to humans and are formed by incomplete combustion. PAHs are always present during firefighting operations, and fire department members can be exposed to them in the workplace. Methods In this study, we analyzed 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) in 36 urine samples from nine firefighters, collected before and after fire training sessions, and 32 urine samples from eight employees at respiratory protection and hose workshops. To assess breakthrough PAH exposure through personal protective equipment and potential dermal uptake, some of the workshop employees wore cotton garments under their regular workwear. Cotton samples were then examined for the presence of 17 semi-volatile and low-volatility PAHs. Results After firefighting exercises, we observed approximately a fivefold increase in mean 1-OHP concentrations in samples from firefighters, from 0.24 μg/L to 1.17 μg/L (maximum: 5.31 μg/L). In contrast, 1-OHP levels in workshop employees were found to be low, with the majority of urine samples yielding concentrations below the limit of quantification (LOQ: 0.05 μg/L, maximum: 0.11 μg/L). Similarly, low PAH levels were found on the workshop employees' cotton undergarments, with maximum concentrations of 250 and 205 ng/g for pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene, respectively. Discussion In conclusion, significant increases in 1-OHP in urine were observed in firefighters after training sessions, whereas work-related exposure remained low among workshop employees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Koslitz
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Birgit Heinrich
- Institute for Occupational Safety and Health of the German Social Accident Insurance (IFA), Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | - Heiko U. Käfferlein
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Holger M. Koch
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Tim Pelzl
- Department of Fire Services, Rescue Services, and Fire Protection of the German Social Accident Insurance, German Social Accident Insurance Institution for the Public Sector in Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Katrin Pitzke
- Institute for Occupational Safety and Health of the German Social Accident Insurance (IFA), Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | - Daniel Köster
- Institute for Occupational Safety and Health of the German Social Accident Insurance (IFA), Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | - Tobias Weiß
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Volker Harth
- Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine (ZfAM), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Behrens
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Dirk Taeger
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
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Yonis S, Kahkashan S, Adelman D, Lohmann R. Transects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organochlorine pesticides in an urban estuary using passive samplers. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 197:115768. [PMID: 37956493 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) are tracers of anthropogenic impacts, which can negatively affect water quality. The relative importance of new emissions versus the remobilization of HOCs from legacy reservoirs is not well constrained. Polyethylene passive samplers were deployed in vertical profiles at four sites to determine the concentrations and gradients of atmospheric and freely dissolved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and freely dissolved organochlorinated pesticides (OCPs) in Narragansett Bay, an urban estuary. The concentrations of the sum of 20 PAHs ranged from 4.3 to 240 ng/m3 in the air and 3.2-21 ng/L in the water column, dominated by phenanthrene and pyrene. OCP concentrations varied from below the detection limit to 150 ng/L in the water column. Common OCPs included α-hexachlorocyclohexane, hexachlorobenzene, and aldrin. Gradients displayed net deposition for PAHs, but equilibrium through the water column. Results from this study provided evidence that key OCPs displayed mostly similar concentrations (at or near equilibrium) in the water at both Conimicut Point and Block Island.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifra Yonis
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, 215 South Ferry Road, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - Sanober Kahkashan
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, 215 South Ferry Road, Narragansett, RI, USA; National Institute of Oceanography, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Dave Adelman
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, 215 South Ferry Road, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - Rainer Lohmann
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, 215 South Ferry Road, Narragansett, RI, USA.
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50
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Barnes EA, Ito R, Che X, Alvira CM, Cornfield DN. Loss of prolyl hydroxylase 1 and 2 in SM22α-expressing cells prevents Hypoxia-Induced pulmonary hypertension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 325:L741-L755. [PMID: 37847687 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00428.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease characterized by increased vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling. Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) highly express the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), yet the role of PASMC HIF-1α in the development of PAH remains controversial. To study the role of SMC HIF-1α in the pulmonary vascular response to acute and chronic hypoxia, we used a gain-of-function strategy to stabilize HIF-1α in PASMC by generating mice lacking prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) 1 and 2 in SM22α-expressing cells. This strategy increased HIF-1α expression and transcriptional activity under conditions of normoxia and hypoxia. Acute hypoxia increased right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) in control, but not in SM22α-PHD1/2-/- mice. Chronic hypoxia increased RVSP and vascular remodeling more in control SM22α-PHD1/2+/+ than in SM22α-PHD1/2-/- mice. In vitro studies demonstrated increased contractility and myosin light chain phosphorylation in isolated PHD1/2+/+ compared with PHD1/2-/- PASMC under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. After chronic hypoxia, there was more p27 and less vascular remodeling in SM22α-PHD1/2-/- compared with SM22α-PHD1/2+/+ mice. Hypoxia increased p27 in PASMC isolated from control patients, but not in cells from patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). These findings highlight an SM22α-expressing cell-specific role for HIF-1α in the inhibition of pulmonary vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling. Modulating HIF-1α expression in PASMC may represent a promising preventative and therapeutic strategy for patients with PAH.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In a mouse model wherein hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) is stabilized in vascular smooth muscle cells, we found that HIF-1α regulates vasoconstriction by limiting phosphorylation of myosin light chain and regulates vascular remodeling through p27 induction. These findings highlight a cell-specific role for HIF-1α in the inhibition of pulmonary vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Barnes
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States
| | - Reiji Ito
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States
| | - Xibing Che
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States
| | - Cristina M Alvira
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States
| | - David N Cornfield
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States
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