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Wang C, Li W, Yang P, Lu C, Zhang Y, Wang H, Xiao Z, Hu J. Double-branched stent graft and four-stage deployment in total arch repair: safety and feasibility evaluation in porcine models. Interdiscip Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2024:ivae049. [PMID: 38492560 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivae049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this research was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of an innovative double-branched stent graft system employing four-stage deployment technology for aortic arch repair in porcine models. METHODS The double-branched stent graft system consisted of a proximal polyester artificial blood vessel, the main and double-branched stent grafts, and a delivery system. We utilized 12 healthy pigs as experimental animals (6 per group) in this study. Post-implantation, samples were collected at 90 and 180 days of follow-up. Preoperative, postoperative imaging, and intraoperative arterial blood gas analyses were performed. After euthanasia, the implanted product, surrounding tissue, and major organs were collected for pathological analysis. RESULTS The technical success rate of stent graft implantation was 100% (12/12). All animals survived to the experimental end-point. Perioperative assessments showed intact stent grafts, and imaging features at the end of the follow-up revealed neither endoleak nor device migration. No major adverse cardiovascular events were observed in the postoperative follow-up. Pathological examination confirmed satisfactory biocompatibility of the stent graft. CONCLUSIONS This innovative double-branched stent graft system with four-stage deployment technology was affirmed as a safe and feasible option for aortic arch repair in accordance with our preclinical evaluation with porcine models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Wenfan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Peng Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Chen Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Haiyue Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhenghua Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Jia Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, West China Guang'an Hospital, Sichuan University, Guang'an, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
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Wang W, Shan D, Wang G, Mao X, You W, Wang X, Wang Z. Elafibranor emerged as a potential chemotherapeutic drug for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Cell Insight 2024; 3:100149. [PMID: 38318161 PMCID: PMC10840351 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellin.2024.100149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Intravesical infusion of chemotherapeutics is highly recommended by several clinical guidelines for treating nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). However, cytotoxic chemotherapeutics can cause a series of side effects, which greatly limits their application. Herein, a starvation therapy strategy was proposed, and elafibranor (ELA) was validated as a safe chemotherapeutic for NMIBC. The results showed that 20 μM ELA was sufficient to inhibit the proliferation and migration of bladder cancer cells and increase the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, 2 mg/kg ELA treatment blocked the growth of primary tumors in an immunodeficient model by inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis and improved the survival time of immunocompetent model mice. ELA treatment up to 10 mg/kg met the general safety requirements. We also established a patient-derived conditional reprogramming cell (CRC) model to assess the clinical translational potential of ELA. The antitumor effect and antitumor specificity of ELA treatment were confirmed. This work not only identified a promising chemotherapeutic for NMIBC but also provided a potential methodological system for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Wang
- Department of Urology, Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Danni Shan
- Department of Urology, Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Guanyi Wang
- Department of Urology, Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiongmin Mao
- Department of Urology, Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Wenjie You
- Orthopedic Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Department of Urology, Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Zijian Wang
- Department of Urology, Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immune Related Disease, Taikang Medical School (School of Basic Medicine Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
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Salami OM, Habimana O, Peng JF, Yi GH. Therapeutic Strategies Targeting Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Sepsis-induced Cardiomyopathy. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2024; 38:163-180. [PMID: 35704247 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-022-07354-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is an increasingly worldwide problem; it is currently regarded as a complex life-threatening dysfunction of one or more organs as a result of dysregulated host immune response to infections. The heart is one of the most affected organs, as roughly 10% to 70% of sepsis cases are estimated to turn into sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC). SIC can be defined as a reversible myocardial dysfunction characterized by dilated ventricles, impaired contractility, and decreased ejection fraction. Mitochondria play a critical role in the normal functioning of cardiac tissues as the heart is highly dependent on its production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), its damage during SIC includes morphology impairment, mitophagy, biogenesis disequilibrium, electron transport chain disturbance, molecular damage from the actions of pro-inflammatory cytokines and many other different impairments that are major contributing factors to the severity of SIC. Although mitochondria-targeted therapies usage is still inadequate in clinical settings, the preclinical study outcomes promise that the implementation of these therapies may effectively treat SIC. This review summarizes the different therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondria structure, quality, and quantity abnormalities for the treatment of SIC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olive Habimana
- International College, University of South China, 28, W Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Jin-Fu Peng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 28, W Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, 28, W Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Guang-Hui Yi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 28, W Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, 28, W Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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da Silva de Barros AO, Ricci-Junior E, Alencar LMR, Fechine PBA, Andrade Neto DM, Bouskela E, Santos-Oliveira R. High doses of hydroxyapatite nanoparticle (nHAP) impairs microcirculation in vivo. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 233:113601. [PMID: 37939551 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles has surrounded the population by their use in electronics, medicine and cosmetics. The exposure to nanoparticles coming from different sources is uncountable as the amount of nanoparticles in which a person is exposed daily. In this direction and considering that microcirculation is the main and most affected system by nanoparticles in the first moment, responsible to transport and deal with nanoparticles internally, we evaluated a massive exposure (1 g/Kg) of a well-known nanoparticle (hydroxyapatite) and the impact on the microvessels. The results showed a massive destruction of venules, arterioles, and capillaries when nHAPs were administered topically. However, systemic administration of high doses of nHAP did not affect microcirculation but altered biochemical parameters of blood samples from treated animals. The data demonstrated that even well documented nanoparticles at high doses might affect the whole-body homeostasis. Finally, the results raise the necessity for further investigation of the effect of nanoparticles in microcirculation and the impact in the whole-body homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Oliveira da Silva de Barros
- Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Laboratory of Nanoradiopharmaceuticals and Synthesis of Novel Radiopharmaceuticals, Rio de Janeiro 21941906, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Ricci-Junior
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Galênico, Departamento de Fármacos e Medicamentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (FF/UFRJ), Brazil
| | - Luciana Magalhães Rebelo Alencar
- Federal University of Maranhão, Department of Physics, Laboratory of Biophysics and Nanosystems, Campus Bacanga, Maranhão 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Pierre Basilio Almeida Fechine
- Grupo de Química de Materiais Avançados (GQMat), Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará-UFC, Campus do Pici, CP 12100, Fortaleza, Ceará, CEP 60451-970, Brazil
| | - Davino Machado Andrade Neto
- Grupo de Química de Materiais Avançados (GQMat), Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará-UFC, Campus do Pici, CP 12100, Fortaleza, Ceará, CEP 60451-970, Brazil; Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Ceará, Campus Camocim, 62400-000 Camocim, CE, Brazil
| | - Eliete Bouskela
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas e Experimentais em Biologia Vascular (BioVasc), Rio de Janeiro, 20550-013, Brazil
| | - Ralph Santos-Oliveira
- Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Laboratory of Nanoradiopharmaceuticals and Synthesis of Novel Radiopharmaceuticals, Rio de Janeiro 21941906, Brazil; State University of Rio de Janeiro, Laboratory of Nanoradiopharmaceuticals and Radiopharmacy, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 23070200, Brazil.
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Menne MC, Su N, Faggion CM. Methodological quality of systematic reviews in dentistry including animal studies: a cross-sectional study. Ir Vet J 2023; 76:33. [PMID: 38098065 PMCID: PMC10720166 DOI: 10.1186/s13620-023-00261-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The overall confidence in the results of systematic reviews including animal models can be heterogeneous. We assessed the methodological quality of systematic reviews including animal models in dentistry as well as the overall confidence in the results of those systematic reviews. MATERIAL & METHODS PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus were searched for systematic reviews including animal studies in dentistry published later than January 2010 until 18th of July 2022. Overall confidence in the results was assessed using a modified version of the A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews (AMSTAR-2) checklist. Checklist items were rated as yes, partial yes, no and not applicable. Linear regression analysis was used to investigate associations between systematic review characteristics and the overall adherence to the AMSTAR-2 checklist. The overall confidence in the results was calculated based on the number of critical and non-critical weaknesses presented in the AMSTAR-2 items and rated as high, moderate, low and critical low. RESULTS Of initially 951 retrieved systematic reviews, 190 were included in the study. The overall confidence in the results was low in 43 (22.6%) and critically low in 133 (70.0%) systematic reviews. While some AMSTAR-2 items were regularly reported (e.g. conflict of interest, selection in duplicate), others were not (e.g. FUNDING n = 1; 0.5%). Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that the adherence scores of AMSTAR-2 was significantly associated with publication year, journal impact factor (IF), topic, and the use of tools to assess risk of bias (RoB) of the systematic reviews. CONCLUSION Although the methodological quality of dental systematic reviews of animal models improved over the years, it is still suboptimal. The overall confidence in the results was mostly low or critically low. Systematic reviews, which were published later, published in a journal with a higher IF, focused on non-surgery topics, and used at least one tool to assess RoB correlated with greater adherence to the AMSTAR-2 guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max C Menne
- Department of Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, University Hospital Münster, Waldeyerstraße 30, Münster, 48149, Germany
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Fachklinik Hornheide, Dorbaumstraße 300, Münster, 48157, Germany
| | - Naichuan Su
- Department of Oral Public Health, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081LA, The Netherlands
| | - Clovis M Faggion
- Department of Periodontology and Operative Dentistry, University Hospital Münster, Waldeyerstraße 30, Münster, 48149, Germany.
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Wakle KS, Mokale SN, Sakle NS. Emerging perspectives: unraveling the anticancer potential of vitamin D 3. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2023:10.1007/s00210-023-02819-5. [PMID: 37994947 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02819-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D3, a fat-soluble vitamin known for its critical function in calcium homeostasis and bone health, is gaining interest for its anticancer properties. Observational studies have suggested a negative relationship between vitamin D levels and the incidence of some malignancies throughout the years, prompting substantial investigation to find its anticancer effects. The purpose of this comprehensive review is to investigate the diverse function of vitamin D3 in cancer prevention and therapy. We explored the molecular mechanism underlying its effects on cancer cells, which range from cell cycle control and death to angiogenesis and immune response modulation. Insights from in vitro and in vivo studies provide valuable evidence supporting its anticancer potential. Furthermore, we look at epidemiological and clinical studies that investigate the relationship between vitamin D3 levels and cancer risk or treatment results. Vitamin D3 supplementation's safety profile and cost-effectiveness increase its attractiveness as an adjuvant therapy in conjunction with traditional treatment regimens. Our critical review of the current literature provides an in-depth understanding of vitamin D3's anticancer effect, covering the obstacles and possibilities in realizing its promise for cancer prevention and therapy. The findings of this study might pave the way for the development of innovative treatment techniques that take use of the advantages of vitamin D3 to fight cancer and improve patient care. As research progresses, a better understanding of vitamin D3's anticancer processes will surely simplify its incorporation into personalized cancer care techniques, hence enhancing patient outcomes in the battle against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal S Wakle
- Y. B. Chavan College of Pharmacy, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, 431001, India
| | - Santosh N Mokale
- Y. B. Chavan College of Pharmacy, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, 431001, India
| | - Nikhil S Sakle
- Y. B. Chavan College of Pharmacy, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, 431001, India.
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Li P, Yin R, Chen Y, Chang J, Yang L, Liu X, Xu H, Zhang X, Wang S, Han Q, Wei J. Engineered extracellular vesicles for ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:396. [PMID: 37904204 PMCID: PMC10617166 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02114-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of engineered extracellular vesicles (EEVs) in the treatment of ischemic stroke (IS) in preclinical studies and to compare them with natural extracellular vesicles (EVs). The systematic review provides an up-to-date overview of the current state of the literature on the use of EEVs for IS and informs future research in this area. METHODS We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases for peer-reviewed preclinical studies on the therapeutic effect of EEVs on IS.Databases ranged from the inception to August 1, 2023. The outcome measures included infarct volumes, neurological scores, behavioral scores, apoptosis rates, numbers of neurons, and levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. The CAMARADES checklist was used to assess the quality and bias risks of the studies. All statistical analyses were performed using RevMan 5.4 software. RESULTS A total of 28 studies involving 1760 animals met the inclusion criteria. The results of the meta-analysis showed that compared to natural EVs, EEVs reduced infarct volume (percentage: SMD = -2.33, 95% CI: -2.92, -1.73; size: SMD = -2.36, 95% CI: -4.09, -0.63), improved neurological scores (mNSS: SMD = -1.78, 95% CI: -2.39, -1.17; Zea Longa: SMD = -2.75, 95% CI: -3.79, -1.71), promoted behavioral recovery (rotarod test: SMD = 2.50, 95% CI: 1.81, 3.18; grid-walking test: SMD = -3.45, 95% CI: -5.15, -1.75; adhesive removal test: SMD = -2.60, 95% CI: -4.27, -0.93; morris water maze test: SMD = -3.91, 95% CI: -7.03, -0.79), and reduced the release of proinflammatory factors (IL-1β: SMD = -2.02, 95% CI: -2.77, -1.27; IL-6: SMD = -3.01, 95% CI: -4.47, -1.55; TNF-α: SMD = -2.72, 95% CI: -4.30, -1.13), increasing the number of neurons (apoptosis rate: SMD = -2.24, 95% CI: -3.32, -1.16; the number of neurons: SMD = 3.70, 95% CI: 2.44, 4.96). The funnel plots for the two main outcome measures were asymmetric, indicating publication bias. The median score on the CAMARADES checklist was 7 points (IQR: 6-9). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis shows that EEVs are superior to natural EVs for the treatment of IS. However, research in this field is still at an early stage, and more research is needed to fully understand the potential therapeutic mechanism of EEVs and their potential use in the treatment of IS. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42022368744.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengtao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yihao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianbo Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Houshi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shihua Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Han
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Junji Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Mehryab F, Taghizadeh F, Goshtasbi N, Merati F, Rabbani S, Haeri A. Exosomes as cutting-edge therapeutics in various biomedical applications: An update on engineering, delivery, and preclinical studies. Biochimie 2023; 213:139-167. [PMID: 37207937 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are cell-derived nanovesicles, circulating in different body fluids, and acting as an intercellular mechanism. They can be purified from culture media of different cell types and carry an enriched content of various protein and nucleic acid molecules originating from their parental cells. It was indicated that the exosomal cargo can mediate immune responses via many signaling pathways. Over recent years, the therapeutic effects of various exosome types were broadly investigated in many preclinical studies. Herein, we present an update on recent preclinical studies on exosomes as therapeutic and/or delivery agents for various applications. The exosome origin, structural modifications, natural or loaded active ingredients, size, and research outcomes were summarized for various diseases. Overall, the present article provides an overview of the latest exosome research interests and developments to clear the way for the clinical study design and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mehryab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Taghizadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Goshtasbi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Merati
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Rabbani
- Research Center for Advanced Technologies in Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Haeri
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Protein Technology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Park SJ, Jang MS, Lim KH, Seo JW, Im WJ, Han KH, Kim SE, Jang E, Park D, Kim YB. Preclinical evaluation of general toxicity and safety pharmacology of a receptor-binding domain-based COVID-19 subunit vaccine in various animal models. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:2429-2440. [PMID: 37491472 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03549-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has resulted in the introduction of several naïve methods of vaccine development, which have been used to prepare novel viral vectors and mRNA-based vaccines. However, reluctance to receive vaccines owing to the uncertainty regarding their safety is prevalent. Therefore, rigorous safety evaluation of vaccines through preclinical toxicity studies is critical to determine the safety profiles of vaccine candidates. This study aimed to evaluate the toxicity profile of HuVac-19, a subunit vaccine of SARS-CoV-2 utilizing the receptor-binding domain as an antigen, in rats, rabbits, and dogs using single- and repeat-dose study designs. Repeat-dose toxicity studies in rats and rabbits showed transient changes in hematological and serum biochemical parameters in the adjuvant and/or vaccine groups; however, these changes were reversed or potentially reversible after the recovery period. Moreover, temporary reversible changes in absolute and relative organ weights were observed in the prostate of rats and the thymus of rabbits. Gross examination of the injection sites in rats and rabbits treated with the adjuvant- and HuVac-19 showed discoloration and foci, whereas histopathological examination showed granulomatous inflammation, inflammatory cell infiltration, and myofiber degeneration/necrosis. This inflammatory response was local, unassociated with other toxicological changes, and resolved. In a pharmacological safety study, no toxicological or physiological changes associated with HuVac-19 administration were observed. In conclusion, HuVac-19 was not associated with any major systemic adverse effects in the general toxicity and safety pharmacology evaluation, demonstrating that HuVac-19 is a vaccine candidate with sufficient capacity to be used in human clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Jin Park
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gaejeongro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seong Jang
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gaejeongro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyun Lim
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gaejeongro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Joung-Wook Seo
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gaejeongro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan-Jung Im
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gaejeongro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Hyun Han
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gaejeongro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Eun Kim
- HuVet Bio, Inc., 127 Beubwon-ro, Songpa gu, Seoul, 05836, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhee Jang
- HuVet Bio, Inc., 127 Beubwon-ro, Songpa gu, Seoul, 05836, Republic of Korea
| | - Danbi Park
- HuVet Bio, Inc., 127 Beubwon-ro, Songpa gu, Seoul, 05836, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Bum Kim
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gaejeongro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea.
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Kim S, Jo Y, Im GH, Lee C, Oh C, Kook G, Kim SG, Lee HJ. Miniaturized MR-compatible ultrasound system for real-time monitoring of acoustic effects in mice using high-resolution MRI. Neuroimage 2023; 276:120201. [PMID: 37269955 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Visualization of focused ultrasound in high spatial and temporal resolution is crucial for accurately and precisely targeting brain regions noninvasively. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most widely used noninvasive tool for whole-brain imaging. However, focused ultrasound studies employing high-resolution (> 9.4 T) MRI in small animals are limited by the small size of the radiofrequency (RF) volume coil and the noise sensitivity of the image to external systems such as bulky ultrasound transducers. This technical note reports a miniaturized ultrasound transducer system packaged directly above a mouse brain for monitoring ultrasound-induced effects using high-resolution 9.4 T MRI. Our miniaturized system integrates MR-compatible materials with electromagnetic (EM) noise reduction techniques to demonstrate echo-planar imaging (EPI) signal changes in the mouse brain at various ultrasound acoustic intensities. The proposed ultrasound-MRI system will enable extensive research in the expanding field of ultrasound therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subeen Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Yehhyun Jo
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Geun Ho Im
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Chanhee Lee
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Chaerin Oh
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Geon Kook
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Seong-Gi Kim
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea; Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
| | - Hyunjoo J Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea; KAIST Institute for Nano Century (KINC), Daejeon 34141, South Korea.
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11
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Kovalenko AO, Ryabchevskaya EM, Evtushenko EA, Kondakova OA, Ivanov PA, Arkhipenko MV, Nikitin NA, Karpova OV. Dataset on safety and protective efficacy studies of COVID-19 vaccine candidates based on structurally modified plant virus in female hamsters. Data Brief 2023; 48:109158. [PMID: 37095758 PMCID: PMC10113597 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2023.109158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This data article is related to the previous research, which addressed the development of a COVID-19 recombinant vaccine candidate. Here, we present the additional data in support of the safety and protective efficacy evaluation of two COVID-19 vaccine candidates based on the coronaviruses' S protein fragments and a structurally modified plant virus - spherical particles. The effectiveness of the experimental vaccines was studied against the SARS-CoV-2 virus in an in vivo infection model in female Syrian hamsters. The body weight of vaccinated laboratory animals was monitored. The histological assessment data of the infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus hamsters' lungs are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- A O Kovalenko
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119234, Russian Federation
| | - E M Ryabchevskaya
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119234, Russian Federation
| | - E A Evtushenko
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119234, Russian Federation
| | - O A Kondakova
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119234, Russian Federation
| | - P A Ivanov
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119234, Russian Federation
| | - M V Arkhipenko
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119234, Russian Federation
| | - N A Nikitin
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119234, Russian Federation
| | - O V Karpova
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119234, Russian Federation
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12
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Monteiro EB, Ajackson M, Stockler-Pinto MB, Guebre-Egziabher F, Daleprane JB, Soulage CO. Sulforaphane exhibits potent renoprotective effects in preclinical models of kidney diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Life Sci 2023; 322:121664. [PMID: 37023957 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Sulforaphane (SFN), a naturally occurring isothiocyanate found in cruciferous vegetables, has received extensive attention as a natural activator of the Nrf2/Keap1 cytoprotective pathway. In this review, a meta-analysis and systematic review of the renoprotective effects of SFN were performed in various preclinical models of kidney diseases. MAIN METHODS The primary outcome was the impact of SFN on renal function biomarkers (uremia, creatininemia, proteinuria or creatinine clearance) and secondary outcomes were kidney lesion histological indices/kidney injury molecular biomarkers. The effects of SFN were evaluated according to the standardized mean differences (SMDs). A random-effects model was applied to estimate the overall summary effect. KEY FINDINGS Twenty-five articles (out of 209 studies) were selected from the literature. SFN administration significantly increased creatinine clearance (SMD +1.88 95 % CI: [1.09; 2.68], P < 0.0001, I2 = 0 %) and decreased the plasma creatinine (SMD -1.24, [-1.59; -0.88], P < 0.0001, I2 = 36.0 %) and urea (SMD -3.22 [-4.42, -2.01], P < 0.0001, I2 = 72.4 %) levels. SFN administration (median dose: 2.5 mg/kg, median duration: 3 weeks) significantly decreased urinary protein excretion (SMD -2.20 [-2.68; -1.73], P < 0.0001, I2 = 34.1 %). It further improved two kidney lesion histological indices namely kidney fibrosis (SMD -3.08 [-4.53; -1.63], P < 0.0001, I2 = 73.7 %) and glomerulosclerosis (SMD -2.24 [-2.96; -1.53], P < 0.0001, I2 = 9.7 %) and decreased kidney injury molecular biomarkers (SMD -1.51 [-2.00; -1.02], P < 0.0001, I2 = 0 %). SIGNIFICANCE These findings provide new insights concerning preclinical strategies for treating kidney disease or kidney failure with SFN supplements and should stimulate interest in clinical evaluations of SFN in patients with kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa B Monteiro
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Basic and Experimental Nutrition Department, Institute of Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Matheus Ajackson
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Basic and Experimental Nutrition Department, Institute of Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Milena B Stockler-Pinto
- Graduate Program in Pathology, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil; Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fitsum Guebre-Egziabher
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Department of Nephrology, Hôpital E Herriot, Lyon F-69003, France; Univ Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69500, Bron, France
| | - Julio B Daleprane
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Basic and Experimental Nutrition Department, Institute of Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Christophe O Soulage
- Univ Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69500, Bron, France.
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Sabato B, Augusto PSDA, Lima Gonçalves Pereira R, Coutinho Batista Esteves F, Caligiorne SM, Rodrigues Dias Assis B, Apolo Correia Marcelino S, Pires do Espírito Santo L, Dias Dos Reis K, Da Silva Neto L, Goulart G, de Fátima Â, Pierezan F, Toshio Fujiwara R, Castro M, Garcia F. Safety and immunogenicity of the anti-cocaine vaccine UFMG-VAC-V4N2 in a non-human primate model. Vaccine 2023; 41:2127-2136. [PMID: 36822966 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
A promising strategy for cocaine addiction treatment is the anti-drug vaccine. These vaccines induce the production of anticocaine antibodies, capable of linking to cocaine, and decrease the passage of cocaine throughout the blood-brain barrier, decreasing drug activity in the brain. Our research group developed a new vaccine candidate, the UFMG-V4N2, to treat cocaine use disorders (CUD) using an innovative carrier based on calixarenes. This study assessed the safety and immunogenicity of the anti-cocaine vaccine UFMG-VAC-V4N2 in a non-human primate toxicity study using single and multiple vaccine doses. The UFMG-VAC-V4N2 yielded only mild effects in the injection site and did not influence the general health, feeding behavior, or hematological, renal, hepatic, or metabolic parameters in the vaccinated marmosets. The anti-cocaine vaccine UFMG-VAC-V4N2 presented a favorable safety profile and induced the expected immune response in a non-human primate model of Callithrix penicillata. This preclinical UFMG-VAC-V4N2 study responds to the criteria required by international regulatory agencies contributing to future anticocaine clinical trials of this anti-cocaine vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Sabato
- Center of research on Health Vulnerability (Núcleo de Vulnerabilidade e Saúde - NAVES), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte - MG, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Sérgio de Almeida Augusto
- Center of research on Health Vulnerability (Núcleo de Vulnerabilidade e Saúde - NAVES), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Pós-graduação em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte - MG, Brazil.
| | - Raissa Lima Gonçalves Pereira
- Center of research on Health Vulnerability (Núcleo de Vulnerabilidade e Saúde - NAVES), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Pós-graduação em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte - MG, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Coutinho Batista Esteves
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Genômica de Parasitos, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte - MG, Brazil
| | - Sordaini M Caligiorne
- Center of research on Health Vulnerability (Núcleo de Vulnerabilidade e Saúde - NAVES), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Rodrigues Dias Assis
- Center of research on Health Vulnerability (Núcleo de Vulnerabilidade e Saúde - NAVES), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | | | - Larissa Pires do Espírito Santo
- Center of research on Health Vulnerability (Núcleo de Vulnerabilidade e Saúde - NAVES), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte - MG, Brazil.
| | - Karine Dias Dos Reis
- Center of research on Health Vulnerability (Núcleo de Vulnerabilidade e Saúde - NAVES), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Da Silva Neto
- Grupo de Estudos em Química Orgânica e Biológica (GEQOB), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerias (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Gisele Goulart
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Ângelo de Fátima
- Grupo de Estudos em Química Orgânica e Biológica (GEQOB), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerias (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Pierezan
- Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerias (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Toshio Fujiwara
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Genômica de Parasitos, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte - MG, Brazil.
| | - Maila Castro
- Center of research on Health Vulnerability (Núcleo de Vulnerabilidade e Saúde - NAVES), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte - MG, Brazil.
| | - Frederico Garcia
- Center of research on Health Vulnerability (Núcleo de Vulnerabilidade e Saúde - NAVES), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte - MG, Brazil; Pós-graduação em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte - MG, Brazil.
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Sonoyama T, Iwata S, Shinkai M, Iwata-Yoshikawa N, Shiwa-Sudo N, Hemmi T, Ainai A, Nagata N, Matsunaga N, Tada Y, Homma T, Omoto S, Yokokawa Shibata R, Igarashi K, Suzuki T, Hasegawa H, Ariyasu M. Results from a preclinical study in rodents and a Phase 1/2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study of COVID-19 vaccine S-268019-a in Japanese adults. Vaccine 2023; 41:1834-1847. [PMID: 36572603 PMCID: PMC9755034 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In early 2020, developing vaccines was an urgent need for preventing COVID-19 from a contingency perspective. METHODS S-268019-a is a recombinant protein-based vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), comprising a modified recombinant spike protein antigen adjuvanted with agatolimod sodium, a Toll-like receptor-9 agonist. In the preclinical phase, it was administered intramuscularly twice at a 2-week interval in 7-week-old mice. Immunogenicity was assessed, and the mice were challenged intranasally with mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 at 2 and 8 weeks, respectively, after the second immunization. After confirming the preclinical effect, a Phase 1/2, randomized, parallel-group clinical study was conducted in healthy adults (aged 20-64 years). All participants received 2 intramuscular injections at various combinations of the antigen and the adjuvant (S-910823/agatolimod sodium, in μg: 12.5/250, 25/250, 50/250, 25/500, 50/500, 100/500, 10/500, 100/100, 200/1000) or placebo (saline) in an equivalent volume at a 3-week interval and were followed up until Day 50 in this interim analysis. RESULTS In the preclinical studies, S-268019-a was safe and elicited robust immunoglobulin G (IgG) and neutralizing antibody responses in mice. When challenged with SARS-CoV-2, all S-268019-a-treated mice survived and maintained weight until 10 days, whereas all placebo- or adjuvant-treated (without antigen) mice died within 6 days. In the Phase 1/2 trial, although S-268019-a was well tolerated in adult participants, was safe up to Day 50, and elicited robust anti-spike protein IgG antibodies, it did not elicit sufficient neutralizing antibody levels. CONCLUSIONS The S-268019-a vaccine was not sufficiently immunogenic in Japanese adults despite robust immunogenicity and efficacy in mice. Our results exemplify the innate challenges in translating preclinical data in animals to clinical trials, and highlight the need for continued research to overcome such barriers. (jRCT2051200092).
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuhiro Sonoyama
- Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Drug Development and Regulatory Science Division, 8F, Nissay Yodoyabashi East Bldg., 3-3-13, Imabashi, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-0042, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iwata
- National Cancer Center Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Masaharu Shinkai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital, 6-3-22, Higashioi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-8522, Japan
| | - Naoko Iwata-Yoshikawa
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1, Gakuen Musashimurayama-shi, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Nozomi Shiwa-Sudo
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1, Gakuen Musashimurayama-shi, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Takuya Hemmi
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Akira Ainai
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Noriyo Nagata
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1, Gakuen Musashimurayama-shi, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Matsunaga
- AMR Clinical Reference Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Yukio Tada
- Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Drug Development and Regulatory Science Division, 8F, Nissay Yodoyabashi East Bldg., 3-3-13, Imabashi, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-0042, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Homma
- Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Pharmaceutical Research Division, 1-1, Futaba-cho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Shinya Omoto
- Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Pharmaceutical Research Division, 1-1, Futaba-cho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Risa Yokokawa Shibata
- Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Drug Development and Regulatory Science Division, 8F, Nissay Yodoyabashi East Bldg., 3-3-13, Imabashi, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-0042, Japan
| | - Kenji Igarashi
- Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Drug Development and Regulatory Science Division, 8F, Nissay Yodoyabashi East Bldg., 3-3-13, Imabashi, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-0042, Japan
| | - Tadaki Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Hideki Hasegawa
- Research Center for Influenza and Respiratory Virus, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1, Gakuen, Musashimurayama-shi, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Mari Ariyasu
- Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Drug Development and Regulatory Science Division, 8F, Nissay Yodoyabashi East Bldg., 3-3-13, Imabashi, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-0042, Japan.
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15
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Amini A, Chien S, Bayat M. Potential of stem cells for treating infected Diabetic Foot Wounds and Ulcers: a systematic review. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:10925-34. [PMID: 36008608 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07721-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Infected diabetic foot ulcers (iDFUs) cause great concern, as they generally heal poorly and are precursive of diabetic-related foot amputation and even death. Scientists have tested various techniques in attempts to ascertain the best treatment for iDFUs; however, the results have remained inconclusive. Stem cell therapy (SCT) appears to improve iDFU through its antimicrobial impacts, yet cogent information regarding the repair of iDFUs with SCT is lacking. Herein, published articles are evaluated to report coherent information about the antimicrobial effects of SCT on the repair of iDFUs in diabetic animals and humans. In this systematic review, we searched the Scopus, Medline, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases for relevant full-text English language articles published from 2000 to 2022 that described stem cell antimicrobial treatments, infected diabetic wounds, or ulcers. Ultimately, six preclinical and five clinical studies pertaining to the effectiveness of SCT on healing infected diabetic wounds or ulcers were selected. Some of the human studies confirmed that SCT is a promising therapy for diabetic wounds and ulcers. Notably, more controlled studies performed on animal models revealed that stem cells combined with a biostimulator such as photobiomodulation decreased colony forming units and hastened healing in infected diabetic wounds. Moreover, stem cells alone had lower therapeutic impact than when combined with a biostimulant.
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16
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Lu PD, Yuan MC, Quan XP, Chen JF, Zhao YH. Preclinical studies of licorice in ulcerative colitis: A systematic review with meta-analysis and network pharmacology. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 296:115444. [PMID: 35671864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Licorice, as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, possessing the efficacies of invigorating spleen and replenishing qi, heat-clearing and detoxicating, phlegm-resolving and cough suppressant, relieving spasm and pain, and hamonizing actions of various medicines. AIM OF THE STUDY The goal of this systematic review, which includes meta-analysis and network pharmacology in preclinical studies, is to investigate the multiple efficacies of licorice on ulcerative colitis (UC). MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched several databases, e.g., Web of Science, Elsevier ScienceDirect and PubMed until Januanry 2022 for literature collection, and the Review Manager 5.3 was used to analyze the data. To synthesize the retrieved data, the fixed and random-effects models were utilized, respectively, and network pharmacology was applied to confirm the mechanisms. RESULTS Based on the result of meta-analysis, it suggested that the treatments of licorice extract and its active compounds showed strong therpeutic effects, which not only reflected the declining histological score, a index of the colitis severity [SMD = -2.86, 95% CI (-3.65, -2.08); P < 0.00001], but also reversed colonic shortness [WMD = 1.67, 95% CI (1.16, 2.19); P < 0.00001] between experimental UC model and licorice-treatment groups. In addition, it suggested the significant reduction of TNF-α level [SMD = -2.70, 95% CI (-3.23, -2.16); P < 0.00001], which acted as a crucial role in inflammatory response. Furthermore, from the results of network pharmacology, it indicated that anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative stress, immunomodulatory effect and microbiota homeostasis were the predominant therapeutic mechanisms of licorice extract and its active compounds treating UC. CONCLUSION This systematic review with meta-analysis and network pharmacology demonstrates an efficient role of licorice extract and its active compounds in preclinical studies of UC, which provides supporting evidence for clinical trial implementation. However, there exist some limitations, such as technique quality decificency, missed reports due to negative outcome, failure to calculate sample size, and the risk of bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-De Lu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China.
| | - Meng-Chen Yuan
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Xing-Ping Quan
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Jin-Fen Chen
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yong-Hua Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China.
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17
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Shim MK, Yang S, Park J, Yoon JS, Kim J, Moon Y, Shim N, Jo M, Choi Y, Kim K. Preclinical development of carrier-free prodrug nanoparticles for enhanced antitumor therapeutic potential with less toxicity. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:436. [PMID: 36195911 PMCID: PMC9531438 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01644-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nanomedicine has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer treatment. The most representative nanomedicine used in clinic is PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin DOXIL®, which is first FDA-approved nanomedicine. However, several shortcomings, such as low drug loading capacity, low tumor targeting, difficulty in mass production and potential toxicity of carrier materials, have hindered the successful clinical translation of nanomedicines. In this study, we report a preclinical development process of the carrier-free prodrug nanoparticles designed as an alternative formulation to overcome limitations of conventional nanomedicines in the terms of technical- and industrial-aspects. Results The carrier-free prodrug nanoparticles (F68-FDOX) are prepared by self-assembly of cathepsin B-specific cleavable peptide (FRRG) and doxorubicin (DOX) conjugates without any additional carrier materials, and further stabilized with Pluronic F68, resulting in high drug loading (> 50%). The precise and concise structure allow mass production with easily controllable quality control (QC), and its lyophilized powder form has a great long-term storage stability at different temperatures (− 4, 37 and 60 °C). With high cathepsin B-specificity, F68-FDOX induce a potent cytotoxicity preferentially in cancer cells, whereas their cytotoxicity is greatly minimized in normal cells with innately low cathepsin B expression. In tumor models, F68-FDOX efficiently accumulates within tumor tissues owing to enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect and subsequently release toxic DOX molecules by cathepsin B-specific cleavage mechanism, showing a broad therapeutic spectrum with significant antitumor activity in three types of colon, breast and pancreatic cancers. Finally, the safety of F68-FDOX treatment is investigated after single-/multi-dosage into mice, showing greatly minimized DOX-related toxicity, compared to free DOX in normal mice. Conclusions Collectively, these results provide potential preclinical development process of an alternative approach, new formulation of carrier-free prodrug nanoparticles, for clinical translation of nanomedicines. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-022-01644-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Kyu Shim
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Suah Yang
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.,KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooho Park
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Sik Yoon
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinseong Kim
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.,KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujeong Moon
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.,Department of Bioengineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayeon Shim
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Mihee Jo
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongwhan Choi
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangmeyung Kim
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea. .,College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Becker K, Kerberger R, Brunello G, Rockhoff J, Rauch N, Schwarz F. Volumetric analysis of the periodontal microstructure under antiresorptive therapy: an experimental study in rabbits. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:5359-5368. [PMID: 35449246 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04503-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to volumetrically assess changes in the periodontal microstructure under antiresorptive therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Microtomographic scans from a total of 9 Dutch Belted rabbits having been randomly allocated to either the intravenous administration of amino-bisphosphonate (zoledronic acid) (Za) (n = 5) or a negative control group (nZa) (n = 4) were obtained at 10 months following a repeated drug administration. A quantification of the periodontal space thickness (P.Th) of both maxillary and mandibular most posterior premolars, as well as of the 2nd molars was performed. Bone micromorphometry was assessed by means of bone volume per total volume (BV/TV), the bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular number (Tb.N), bone surface (BS), and the specific bone surface (BS/BV). RESULTS Za was associated with significantly higher P.Th (P = 0.010), which was most pronounced in the upper jaw. Bone micromorphometry revealed no significant differences among the two groups, i.e., Za and nZa, for all the investigated parameters. CONCLUSIONS Volumetric analysis revealed that antiresorptive therapy was associated with periodontal space widening, whereas major effects on the bone micro-morphology could not be observed. CLINICAL RELEVANCE A deep understanding of specific periodontal and alveolar bone alterations in patients under antiresorptive therapy might help to prevent the onset of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Becker
- Department for Orthodontics, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Robert Kerberger
- Department for Orthodontics, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Giulia Brunello
- Department of Oral Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Neuroscience, Dental School, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Joel Rockhoff
- Department for Orthodontics, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicole Rauch
- Department of Oral Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Frank Schwarz
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Goethe University, Carolinum, Frankfurt, Germany.
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Michodigni NF, Nyachieo A, Akhwale JK, Magoma G, Kimang'a AN. Genomic evaluation of novel Kenyan virulent phage isolates infecting carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and safety determination of their lysates in Balb/c mice. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:532. [PMID: 35904691 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03143-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the genomic features of novel Kenyan virulent phage isolates infecting carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and to determine the safety of their lysates using mice model in a preclinical study. The genomics showed that the Klebsiella phages vB_KpM_CPRSA and vB_KpM_CPRSB belonged to the genus Slopekvirus with a similarity index of less than 92% compared to the most closest relative species. Their genomes did not contain antimicrobial resistance and toxin genes. Then endotoxin levels in the Klebsiella phage lysates were statistically significant (p value ˃ 0.05). The serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and urea in the group of balb/c mice injected with bacteriophage lysates through the intravenous route were higher compared to that of the intranasal route. Unexpectedly, there was mild congestion of the central veins of kidneys and liver without damage to renal tubules and hepatocytes and a lack of physical discomfort and pain in the mice. Our study isolated and characterised Klebsiella phages against carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae, which are promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of respiratory tract infections using the topical mode of administration as the preferred route of bacteriophage delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noutin Fernand Michodigni
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Pan African University Institute for Basic Sciences Technology and Innovation (PAUSTI), Nairobi, Kenya.
- Department of Reproductive Health and Biology, Phage Biology Laboratory, Institute of Primate Research (IPR), Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Atunga Nyachieo
- Department of Reproductive Health and Biology, Phage Biology Laboratory, Institute of Primate Research (IPR), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Juliah Khayeli Akhwale
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Gabriel Magoma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Pan African University Institute for Basic Sciences Technology and Innovation (PAUSTI), Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Andrew Nyerere Kimang'a
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Nairobi, Kenya
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20
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Gordillo Altamirano FL, Kostoulias X, Subedi D, Korneev D, Peleg AY, Barr JJ. Phage-antibiotic combination is a superior treatment against Acinetobacter baumannii in a preclinical study. EBioMedicine 2022; 80:104045. [PMID: 35537278 PMCID: PMC9097682 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical phage therapy is often delivered alongside antibiotics. However, the phenomenon of phage-antibiotic synergy has been mostly studied in vitro. Here, we assessed the in vivo bactericidal effect of a phage-antibiotic combination on Acinetobacter baumannii AB900 using phage øFG02, which binds to capsular polysaccharides and leads to antimicrobial resensitisation in vitro. METHODS We performed a two-stage preclinical study using a murine model of severe A. baumannii AB900 bacteraemia. In the first stage, with an endpoint of 11 h, mice (n = 4 per group) were treated with either PBS, ceftazidime, phage øFG02, or the combination of phage and ceftazidime. The second stage involved only the latter two groups (n = 5 per group), with a prolonged endpoint of 16 h. The primary outcome was the average bacterial burden from four body sites (blood, liver, kidney, and spleen). Bacterial colonies from phage-treated mice were retrieved and screened for phage-resistance. FINDINGS In the first stage, the bacterial burden (CFU/g of tissue) of the combination group (median: 4.55 × 105; interquartile range [IQR]: 2.79 × 105-2.81 × 106) was significantly lower than the PBS (median: 2.42 × 109; IQR: 1.97 × 109-3.48 × 109) and ceftazidime groups (median: 3.86 × 108; IQR: 2.15 × 108-6.35 × 108), but not the phage-only group (median: 1.28 × 107; IQR: 4.71 × 106-7.13 × 107). In the second stage, the combination treatment (median: 1.72 × 106; IQR: 5.11 × 105-4.00 × 106) outperformed the phage-only treatment (median: 7.46 × 107; IQR: 1.43 × 107-1.57 × 108). Phage-resistance emerged in 96% of animals receiving phages, and all the tested isolates (n = 11) had loss-of-function mutations in genes involved in capsule biosynthesis and increased sensitivity to ceftazidime. INTERPRETATION øFG02 reliably drives the in vivo evolution of A. baumannii AB900 towards a capsule-deficient, phage-resistant phenotype that is resensitised to ceftazidime. This mechanism highlights the clinical potential of using phage therapy to target A. baumannii and restore antibiotic activity. FUNDING National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando L Gordillo Altamirano
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Centre to Impact AMR, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xenia Kostoulias
- Centre to Impact AMR, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Infection Program, Department of Microbiology Monash University, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dinesh Subedi
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Centre to Impact AMR, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Denis Korneev
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Faculty of Science, School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anton Y Peleg
- Centre to Impact AMR, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Infection Program, Department of Microbiology Monash University, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Jeremy J Barr
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Centre to Impact AMR, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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21
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Abdolahi S, Ghazvinian Z, Muhammadnejad S, Saleh M, Asadzadeh Aghdaei H, Baghaei K. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, applications and challenges in cancer research. J Transl Med 2022; 20:206. [PMID: 35538576 PMCID: PMC9088152 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03405-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The establishing of the first cancer models created a new perspective on the identification and evaluation of new anti-cancer therapies in preclinical studies. Patient-derived xenograft models are created by tumor tissue engraftment. These models accurately represent the biology and heterogeneity of different cancers and recapitulate tumor microenvironment. These features have made it a reliable model along with the development of humanized models. Therefore, they are used in many studies, such as the development of anti-cancer drugs, co-clinical trials, personalized medicine, immunotherapy, and PDX biobanks. This review summarizes patient-derived xenograft models development procedures, drug development applications in various cancers, challenges and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrokh Abdolahi
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Ghazvinian
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samad Muhammadnejad
- Cell-Based Therapies Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Saleh
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kaveh Baghaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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22
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Wang X, Wang C, Qu Z, Tian C, Wang T, Miao Y, Jiang H, Li L, Liu J, Zhao R, Li X, Geng X. Preclinical safety assessment of toxicity and biodistribution of oncolytic virus HSV-1 expressing human PD-1 antibody in mice. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 132:105166. [PMID: 35405296 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2022.105166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
HSV-1/hPD-1 is composed of engineered herpes simplex virus type-1 and two inserted copies of the human PD-1 antibody sequence. It is a novel oncolytic virus product designed to cure malignancies. The objective of this study was to estimate its toxicity in mice. In the single-dose toxicity study, no mortality and abnormal symptoms were observed in animals injected with 4.0 × 107 pfu/mouse dose. In the repeat-dose toxicity study, HSV-1/hPD-1 in animals intramuscularly treated with 1.0 × 107, 2.0 × 107, or 4.0 × 107 pfu/mouse doses was well tolerated in terms of clinical observation, body weight, food consumption, hematology and biochemistry indexes, T lymphocyte counting, immune reaction, and organ weight, except for some histopathological changes, such as the irreversible degeneration of the sciatic nerve, which was considered related to the adopted administration route. Synchronously, a biodistribution study in mice was performed to examine whether HSV-1/hPD-1 could spread to the injection site, gonads, liver, lung, heart, mesenteric and inguinal lymph nodes, skin, dorsal root ganglia, and blood, and then be gradually eliminated. Thus, two safety dose levels-the maximum tolerance dose of 4.0 × 107 pfu/mouse and the no-observed-adverse-effect-level dose of 1.0 × 107 pfu/mouse-were determined to help design patients' dose regimens. Our research data have been successfully accepted for investigational new drug (IND) application in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institute for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Chao Wang
- National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institute for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Zhe Qu
- National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institute for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Chao Tian
- Beijing WellGene Company Ltd., Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Beijing WellGene Company Ltd., Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Yufa Miao
- National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institute for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institute for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Lulu Li
- National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institute for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- Beijing WellGene Company Ltd., Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Beijing WellGene Company Ltd., Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Beijing WellGene Company Ltd., Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Xingchao Geng
- National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institute for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100176, China.
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Fuller JC Jr, Rathmacher JA. Acute dose toxicity evaluation of the food supplement calcium 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyrate (HMB) in female Sprague Dawley rats. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2022;:105133. [PMID: 35122888 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2022.105133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The leucine metabolite, 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyrate (HMB), primarily utilized as the calcium salt (CaHMB) has become one of the most widely used supplements and food ingredients to promote muscle health. While both CaHMB and HMB free acid have published sub-chronic toxicity studies, and CaHMB has published studies on genotoxicity, data are lacking on the acute dosing of HMB which is important for regulatory and transportation classification as well as in cases of accidental overconsumption. Therefore, an acute oral toxicity study was conducted with CaHMB following OECD 420 guidelines. One rat was used in the dosage sighting study and four rats were used in the main study. In both studies, rats were given a single oral dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight by gavage and monitored for 14 days following the dosage for changes in body weight, clinical signs as noted in OECD 420, and at the end of the study a necropsy was conducted to determine any gross tissue abnormalities. The dosage of CaHMB administered resulted in no deaths, no significant adverse clinical signs, and no findings of lesions or abnormal tissues. Under the Global Harmonized System of classification, CaHMB was found to be in the least toxic Category 5 or non-toxic.
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Karczmarczyk U, Ochniewicz P, Laszuk E, Tomczyk K, Garnuszek P. How does the Selection of Laboratory Mice Affect the Results of Physiological Distribution of Radiopharmaceuticals? Curr Radiopharm 2022; 15:84-91. [PMID: 34053431 DOI: 10.2174/1874471014666210528124953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The choice of mice strain can significantly influence the physiological distribution and may lead to an inadequate assessment of the radiopharmaceutical properties. OBJECTIVE This work aims to present how the legal requirements that apply to radiopharmaceuticals contained in the various guidelines determine the choice of the mouse strain for quality control and preclinical studies and affect the results of physiological distribution. METHODS Swiss and BALB/c mice were chosen as commonly used strains in experiments for research and quality control purposes. Radiopharmaceuticals, i.e., preparations containing one or more radioactive isotopes in their composition, are subject to the same legal regulations at every stage of the research, development and routine quality control as all other medicines. Therefore, in vivo experiments are to be carried out to confirm the pharmacological properties and safety. Moreover, if a radiopharmaceutical's chemical structure is unknown or complex and impossible to be determined by physicochemical methods, an analysis of physiological distribution in a rodent animal model needs to be performed. RESULTS In our studies, thirty-six mice (Swiss n=18, BALB/c n=18) were randomly divided into six groups and injected with the following radiopharmaceuticals: [99mTc]Tc-Colloid, [99mTc]Tc-DTPA and [99mTc]Tc-EHIDA. Measurement of physiological distribution was conducted following the requirements of European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.) monograph 0689, internal instructions and the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) monograph. Additionally, at preclinical studies, ten mice (Swiss n=5, BALB/c n=5) were injected with the new tracer [99mTc]Tc-PSMA-T4, and its physiological distribution has been compared. The p-value <0.05 proved the statistical significance of the radiopharmaceutical physiological distribution. CONCLUSION We claim that mice strain choice can significantly influence the physiological distribution and may lead to inaccurate quality control results and incomprehensible interpretation of the results from preclinical in vivo studies of a new radiopharmaceutical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Karczmarczyk
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, 05-400 Otwock, ul. Andrzeja Sołtana 7, Poland
| | - Piotr Ochniewicz
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital SOLNA, R5:02, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ewa Laszuk
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, 05-400 Otwock, ul. Andrzeja Sołtana 7, Poland
| | - Kamil Tomczyk
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, 05-400 Otwock, ul. Andrzeja Sołtana 7, Poland
| | - Piotr Garnuszek
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, 05-400 Otwock, ul. Andrzeja Sołtana 7, Poland
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Kalinina A, Bruter A, Persiyantseva N, Silaeva Y, Zamkova M, Khromykh L, Kazansky D. Safety evaluation of the mouse TCRα - transduced T cell product in preclinical models in vivo and in vitro. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112480. [PMID: 34915667 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) based on TCR- or CAR-T cells has become an efficient immunotherapeutic approach for the treatment of various diseases, including cancer. Previously, we developed a novel strategy for generating therapeutic T cell products based on chain-centric TCRs, in which either α- or β-chain dominates in cognate antigen recognition. To assess the suitability of our experimental approach for the clinical application and predict its possible adverse effects, in studies here, we evaluated the safety of the experimental TCRα-modified T cell product in mouse preclinical models. Our data showed no tumorigenic or mutagenic activity in vitro of TCRα-transduced T cells, indicating no genotoxicity of viral vectors used for the generation of the experimental T cell product. Adoptive transfer of TCRα-engineered T cells in a wide dose range didn`t disturb the host homeostasis and exhibited no acute toxicity or immunotoxicity in vivo. Based on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics analysis here, modified T cells rapidly penetrated and distributed in many viscera after infusion. Histological evaluations revealed no pathological changes in organs caused by T cells accumulation, indicating the absence of non-specific off-target activity or cross-reactivity of the therapeutic TCRα. Studies here provide valuable information on the potential safety of TCRα-T cell based ACT that could be extrapolated to possible effects in a human host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia Kalinina
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kashirskoe sh., 24, Moscow 115478, Russian Federation
| | - Alexandra Bruter
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kashirskoe sh., 24, Moscow 115478, Russian Federation; Core Facility Center, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova st. 34/5, Moscow 119334, Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda Persiyantseva
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kashirskoe sh., 24, Moscow 115478, Russian Federation
| | - Yulia Silaeva
- Core Facility Center, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova st. 34/5, Moscow 119334, Russian Federation
| | - Maria Zamkova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kashirskoe sh., 24, Moscow 115478, Russian Federation
| | - Ludmila Khromykh
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kashirskoe sh., 24, Moscow 115478, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry Kazansky
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kashirskoe sh., 24, Moscow 115478, Russian Federation.
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Burkhardt R, Gora T, Fingerle AA, Sauter AP, Meurer F, Gassert FT, Dobiasch S, Schilling D, Feuchtinger A, Walch AK, Multhoff G, Herzen J, Noël PB, Rummeny EJ, Combs SE, Schmid TE, Pfeiffer F, Wilkens JJ. In-vivo X-ray dark-field computed tomography for the detection of radiation-induced lung damage in mice. Phys Imaging Radiat Oncol 2021; 20:11-16. [PMID: 34611553 PMCID: PMC8476771 DOI: 10.1016/j.phro.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced lung damage was observed using X-ray dark-field tomography. In this pre-clinical study, mouse lungs were irradiated and subsequently imaged. We report increased sensitivity of X-ray dark-field tomography over absorption-based tomography.
Background and Purpose Radiotherapy of thoracic tumours can lead to side effects in the lung, which may benefit from early diagnosis. We investigated the potential of X-ray dark-field computed tomography by a proof-of-principle murine study in a clinically relevant radiotherapeutic setting aiming at the detection of radiation-induced lung damage. Material and Methods Six mice were irradiated with 20 Gy to the entire right lung. Together with five unirradiated control mice, they were imaged using computed tomography with absorption and dark-field contrast before and 16 weeks post irradiation. Mean pixel values for the right and left lung were calculated for both contrasts, and the right-to-left-ratio R of these means was compared. Radiologists also assessed the tomograms acquired 16 weeks post irradiation. Sensitivity, specificity, inter- and intra-reader accuracy were evaluated. Results In absorption contrast the group-average of R showed no increase in the control group and increased by 7% (p = 0.005) in the irradiated group. In dark-field contrast, it increased by 2% in the control group and by 14% (p = 0.005) in the irradiated group. Specificity was 100% for both contrasts but sensitivity was almost four times higher using dark-field tomography. Two cases were missed by absorption tomography but were detected by dark-field tomography. Conclusions The applicability of X-ray dark-field computed tomography for the detection of radiation-induced lung damage was demonstrated in a pre-clinical mouse model. The presented results illustrate the differences between dark-field and absorption contrast and show that dark-field tomography could be advantageous in future clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rico Burkhardt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Physics Department, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Thomas Gora
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander A Fingerle
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas P Sauter
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Felix Meurer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian T Gassert
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Sophie Dobiasch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Daniela Schilling
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Abteilung Analytische Pathologie, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Axel K Walch
- Abteilung Analytische Pathologie, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Herzen
- Physics Department, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany.,Chair of Biomedical Physics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany.,Munich School of BioEngineering (MSB), Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Peter B Noël
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Ernst J Rummeny
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephanie E Combs
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas E Schmid
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Franz Pfeiffer
- Physics Department, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany.,Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany.,Chair of Biomedical Physics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany.,Munich School of BioEngineering (MSB), Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Jan J Wilkens
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany.,Physics Department, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany.,Chair of Biomedical Physics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
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Tai DWM, Le TBU, Prawira A, Ho RZW, Huynh H. Targeted inhibition of FGF19/FGFR cascade improves antitumor immunity and response rate in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Int 2021. [PMID: 34333737 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-021-10212-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver cancer globally, claiming nearly 1 million lives each year. The overexpression of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptors (FGFRs) signaling cascade has been shown to contribute to tumorigenesis, metastasis, and poor prognosis in HCC. Therefore, targeted inhibition of the FGF/FGFR cascade may represent a new treatment strategy for HCC patients. METHODS HCC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models were implanted into either severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) or CD34+hu-NSG (humanized) mice and subsequently treated with vehicle, infigratinib (FGFR1-3 inhibitor), FGF401 (FGFR4 inhibitor), or the combination of infigratinib and FGF401. Tumor progressions, overall survival of mice, lung metastasis, and drug resistance were monitored, and samples collected at the end of the treatment cycle were subjected to Western blot analyses and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS HCC PDX models expressing high levels of FGF19/FGFR4 or FGFR2/3 showed favorable initial treatment response to FGF401 and infigratinib, respectively. However, progressive disease due to acquired resistance was observed. Combination infigratinib/FGF401 augmented the antitumor activity, response rate, and overall survival of mice. This combination significantly increased the infiltration of B cells, macrophages, CD8+ T cells, and CD4+ T cells associated with granzyme-B-mediated apoptosis, delayed onset of resistance, and inhibited metastasis by potently inhibiting several critical signaling pathways involved in proliferation and metastasis. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that HCC patients with high FGFR2/3 or FGF19/FGFR4 expressing tumors might benefit from a combination infigratinib/FGF401; thus, supporting its evaluation in clinical trials.
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Nosho S, Ono M, Komori T, Mikai A, Tosa I, Ishibashi K, Tanaka Y, Kimura-Ono A, Hara ES, Oohashi T, Kuboki T. Preclinical bioequivalence study of E.coli-derived rhBMP-2/β-TCP and autogenous bone in a canine guided-bone regeneration model. J Prosthodont Res 2021; 66:124-130. [PMID: 34176850 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_20_00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 is a potent growth factor that is widely used in the orthopedic and dental fields for bone regeneration.However, recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) products have not been legally approved in Japan. Recently, our research group succeeded in producing GMP-grade rhBMP-2 using the E. coli system (E-rhBMP-2) at the industrial level and developed E-rhBMP-2 adsorbed onto β-TCP (E-rhBMP-2/β-TCP) as an alternative material to autogenous bone grafts. Previous studies on the toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and optimal doses of E-rhBMP-2 have confirmed its safety and efficiency. However, comparative studies with standard treatment therapies are still necessary before clinical application in humans. Therefore, in this preclinical study, we compared the bone regeneration ability of E-rhBMP-2/β-TCP and autogenous bone grafts in a canine guided-bone regeneration model. METHODS Following extraction of the maxillary third premolar, box-type bone defects (10 mmL × 4 mmW × 9 mmH) were created in the extraction socket area and transplanted with E-rhBMP-2/β-TCP or autogenous bone graft in a canine. After 8 weeks, micro-CT and histological analyses were performed. RESULTS Transplantation of both E-rhBMP-2/β-TCP and autogenous bone graft significantly promoted bone formation compared to the non-transplantation control group. The bone formation ability of E-rhBMP-2/β-TCP was equal to that of the autogenous bone graft. Histological analysis showed that excessive infiltration of inflammatory cells and residual β-TCP particles mostly were not observed in the E-rhBMP-2/β-TCP transplantation group. CONCLUSIONS This preclinical study demonstrated that E-rhBMP-2/β-TCP and autogenous bone have equal potential to promote bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Nosho
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama
| | - Mitsuaki Ono
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama
| | - Taishi Komori
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama
| | - Akihiro Mikai
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama
| | - Ikue Tosa
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama
| | - Kei Ishibashi
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama
| | - Yukie Tanaka
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama
| | - Aya Kimura-Ono
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama.,Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama
| | - Emilio S Hara
- Department of Biomaterials, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama
| | - Toshitaka Oohashi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama
| | - Takuo Kuboki
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama
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Oliver AA, Sikora-Jasinska M, Demir AG, Guillory RJ 2nd. Recent advances and directions in the development of bioresorbable metallic cardiovascular stents: Insights from recent human and in vivo studies. Acta Biomater 2021; 127:1-23. [PMID: 33823325 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, significant advancements have been made regarding the material formulation, iterative design, and clinical translation of metallic bioresorbable stents. Currently, magnesium-based (Mg) stent devices have remained at the forefront of bioresorbable stent material development and use. Despite substantial advances, the process of developing novel absorbable stents and their clinical translation is time-consuming, expensive, and challenging. These challenges, coupled with the continuous refinement of alternative bioresorbable metallic bulk materials such as iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn), have intensified the search for an ideal absorbable metallic stent material. Here, we discuss the most recent pre-clinical and clinical evidence for the efficacy of bioresorbable metallic stents and material candidates. From this perspective, strategies to improve the clinical performance of bioresorbable metallic stents are considered and critically discussed, spanning material alloy development, surface manipulations, material processing techniques, and preclinical/biological testing considerations. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Recent efforts in using Mg, Fe, and Zn based materials for bioresorbable stents include elemental profile changes as well as surface modifications to improve each of the three classes of materials. Although a variety of alloys for absorbable metallic stents have been developed, the ideal absorbable stent material has not yet been discovered. This review focuses on the state of the art for bioresorbable metallic stent development. It covers the three bulk materials used for degradable stents (Mg, Fe, and Zn), and discusses their advances from a translational perspective. Strategies to improve the clinical performance of bioresorbable metallic stents are considered and critically discussed, spanning material alloy development, surface manipulations, material processing techniques, and preclinical/biological testing considerations.
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Silva CR, de Almeida Salvego C, Rostelato ME, Zeituni CA, Ribeiro MS. Photobiomodulation therapy combined with radiotherapy in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer-bearing mice. J Photochem Photobiol B 2021; 220:112215. [PMID: 34029847 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This work investigated the effect of photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) combined with radiotherapy (RT) on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)-bearing mice. Female BALB/c mice received 4 T1 cells into a mammary fat pad. Local RT was performed with a total dose of 60 Gy divided into 4 consecutive sessions of 15 Gy. For PBM, a red laser was used in three different protocols: i-) single exposure delivering 150 J.cm-2 (24 h after the last RT session), and ii-) radiant exposure of 150 J.cm-2 or iii-) fractionated radiant exposure of 37.5 J.cm-2 (after each RT session). Tumor volume, complete blood cell count, clinical condition, metastasis, and survival of animals were monitored during 3 weeks post-RT. Our results demonstrated that regardless of the protocol, PBM arrested the tumor growth, improved the clinical condition, and prevented hemolytic anemia. Besides, although PBM groups have exhibited a high neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio (NLR), they decreased the number of lung metastases and enhanced mouse survival. Worthy of note, PBM should be used along with the RT sessions in higher radiant exposures, since PBM at 150 J.cm-2 per session significantly extended the survival rate. Together, these data suggest PBM could be a potential ally to RT to fight TNBC.
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Magdaleno-Tapia C, Quifer-Rada P, Rodríguez-Rodríguez E, Estévez-Santiago R, Waterhouse AL, Lamuela-Reventós RM, Olmedilla-Alonso B, Pérez-Jiménez J. Evaluation of the potential of total proanthocyanidin content in feces as an intake biomarker. Food Res Int 2021; 145:110390. [PMID: 34112393 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Due to the health benefits associated with proanthocyanidins (PAs), it is useful to identify dietary PA biomarkers that can be determined by simple methods. Since increased levels of circulating PA metabolites are associated with increased fecal PA content, this study explores the spectrophotometric measurement of fecal PA content and its use as a biomarker of PA intake. To this end, fecal PA content was measured using an adaptation of Porter's spectrophotometric method in samples from a preclinical study and an observational study. In the former, excretion of 250-400 mg PA polymer equivalents/100 g feces was observed during supplementation and the day after, together with a significant association (p < 0.05) between PA intake and the excretion of both intact PAs and some PA metabolites, i.e., (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin and syringic acid. No relationship between intake and excretion was found in the observational study, either for the entire group (mean excretion of 240 ± 226 mg PA polymer equivalents/100 g feces) or after stratification into tertiles of consumption. In conclusion, the spectrophotometric determination of total PA content in feces proved to be a valid compliance marker in a preclinical study, but it was not associated with PA intake in free-living subjects. The potential of total PA excretion in observational studies, determined in fecal samples collected the day before dietary recall or in several fecal samples from the same subject, remains to be elucidated, as does a complete validation of the method proposed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Magdaleno-Tapia
- Dpt. Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paola Quifer-Rada
- Dpt. Endocrinology and Nutrition, CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Rocío Estévez-Santiago
- Dpt. Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Francisco de Vitoria University, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Rosa M Lamuela-Reventós
- Dpt. Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, INSA-UB, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBER-OBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña Olmedilla-Alonso
- Dpt. Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jara Pérez-Jiménez
- Dpt. Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Dpt. Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, INSA-UB, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Yamamoto K, Morino T, Kasai Y, Komori M, Yamato M, Kojima H. Preclinical assessment of transplantable human nasal mucosal epithelial cell sheets. Regen Ther 2021; 18:59-65. [PMID: 33869688 PMCID: PMC8038937 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction We previously reported a new cell transplantation therapy for patients with intractable otitis media using autologous nasal mucosal epithelial cell sheets, manufactured using temperature-responsive cell culture inserts. The current study aimed to verify whether the transplantable cell sheets could be manufactured for application in clinical trials, according to standard operational procedures (SOP), in a cell processing facility (CPF). Methods Human nasal mucosal epithelial cells from four volunteer donors were aseptically cultured and transplantable cell sheets successfully manufactured, with reproducibility, using temperature-responsive cell culture inserts in the CPF. During the manufacture of cell sheets, the CPF environment was confirmed to be aseptic by sterilization tests. Purity of the cell sheets was confirmed by histological analysis and flow cytometry. Both safety and quality of the human nasal mucosal epithelial cell sheets were validated. Results The cultured and manipulated human nasal mucosal epithelial cells showed no evidence of malignant transformation in vitro. The study confirmed the safety and suitability of the manufactured human nasal mucosal epithelial cell sheets for use in clinical trials. Conclusions The results led to the establishment of a coherent system in which transplantation could be achieved smoothly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhisa Yamamoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsunetaro Morino
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kasai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manabu Komori
- Department of Otolaryngology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamato
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kojima
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Dalirfardouei R, Gholoobi A, Vahabian M, Mahdipour E, Afzaljavan F. Therapeutic role of extracellular vesicles derived from stem cells in cutaneous wound models: A systematic review. Life Sci 2021; 273:119271. [PMID: 33652035 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence has shown that extracellular vesicles can be efficient as experimental therapeutics in pre-clinical models of skin wounds, but there is a significant unmet need to translate this to clinical utilization. The objectives of the current systematic review were to identify the strength of the therapeutic effects of EVs derived from stem cells in cutaneous wounds and to assess which EV-mediated mechanisms could be involved in the therapeutic response. PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus databases were systematically searched. We retrieved English-language articles published through June 2020. In vivo studies which applied stem cell-derived EVs were included for further analysis. The Risk of bias was assessed by the SYRCLE tool. We identified thirty-nine pre-clinical studies that evaluated the effects of EVs on the wound healing process. The included studies varied greatly in EVs isolation techniques, route of administration, EVs producing cells, and follow-up time. In vivo application revealed beneficial effects of EVs on accelerating wound closure and re-epithelialization in a dose-dependent manner. Elevated angiogenesis was reported in twelve eligible studies through multiple signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt, MAPK/ERK, and JAK/STAT. The well-known signaling pathway to inhibit scar formation was TGF-β2/SMAD2. However, all included studies were not blinded enough which may have introduced bias. Therefore, the transition of EV's efficacy into the clinics is deeply rooted in the following important factors: 1) pre-clinical studies with a lower risk of bias and longer follow-up time, and 2) consistent, reproducible, and feasible manufacturing of EVs production in a large-scale commercial program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Dalirfardouei
- Research center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Aida Gholoobi
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrangiz Vahabian
- Department of English Language and Persian Literature, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Elahe Mahdipour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Afzaljavan
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Apaydın ÇB, Çınar G, Cihan-Üstündağ G. Small-molecule antiviral agents in ongoing clinical trials for COVID-19. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 22:1986-2005. [PMID: 33588727 DOI: 10.2174/1389450122666210215112150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, due to the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged in December 2019 and has rapidly spread globally. As the confirmed number of cases has reached to 83 million worldwide, the potential severity and the deadly complications of the disease requires urgent development of effective drugs for prevention and treatment. No proven effective treatment for this virus currently exists. Most of the antiviral discovery efforts are focused on the repurposing of approved or clinical stage drugs. This review highlights the small-molecule repurposed antiviral agents that are currently under investigation in clinical trials for COVID19. These include viral polymerase and protease inhibitors remdesivir, galidesivir, favipiravir, ribavirin, sofosbuvir, tenofovir/emtricitabine, baloxavir marboxil, EIDD-2801, lopinavir/ritonavir; virus-/host-directed viral entry and fusion inhibitors arbidol chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine, chlorpromazine, camostat mesylate, nafamostat mesylate, bromhexine and agents with diverse/unclear mechanism of actions as oseltamivir, triazavirin, ivermectin, nitazoxanide, niclosamide and BLD-2660. The published preclinical and clinical data to date on these drugs as well as the mechanisms of action are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çağla Begüm Apaydın
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, 34116. Turkey
| | - Gözde Çınar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, 34116. Turkey
| | - Gökçe Cihan-Üstündağ
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, 34116. Turkey
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35
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Buehler PW, Flood AB, Swartz HM. Measurement of Tissue Oxygen as a Novel Approach to Optimizing Red Blood Cell Quality Assessment. Adv Exp Med Biol 2021; 1269:379-386. [PMID: 33966246 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-48238-1_60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness of blood transfusions can be impacted by storage and extensive processing techniques that involve treatment of red blood cells (RBCs) with pathogen reduction technologies (e.g., UV-light and chemical treatment), ex vivo stem cell derivation/maturation methods, and bioengineering of RBCs using nanotechnology. Therefore, there is a need to have methods that assess the evaluation of the effectiveness of transfusions to achieve their intended purpose: to increase oxygenation of critical tissues. Consequently, there has been intense interest in the development of techniques targeted at optimizing the assessment of RBC quality in preclinical and clinical settings. We provide a critical assessment of the ability of currently used methods to provide unambiguous information on oxygen levels in tissues and conclude that they cannot do this. This is because they are based on surrogates for the true goal of transfusion, which is to increase oxygenation of critical organs. This does not mean that they are valueless, but it does indicate that other methods are needed to provide direct measurements of oxygen in tissues. We report here on the initial results of a method that can provide direct assessment of the impact of the transfusion on tissue oxygen: EPR oximetry. It has the potential to provide such information in both preclinical and clinical settings for the assessment of blood quality posttransfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul W Buehler
- Department of Pathology, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Blood Oxygen Transport and Hemostasis, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Ann Barry Flood
- Radiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Harold M Swartz
- Radiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.,Radiation Oncology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
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Makino A, Hasegawa T, Takagi H, Takahashi Y, Hase N, Amizuka N. Frequent administration of abaloparatide shows greater gains in bone anabolic window and bone mineral density in mice: A comparison with teriparatide. Bone 2021; 142:115651. [PMID: 32950699 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abaloparatide (ABL) is a novel 34-amino acid peptide analog of parathyroid hormone-related protein. In clinical studies, although ABL showed a greater bone mineral density (BMD) increase than teriparatide (TPTD, human parathyroid hormone 1-34), the responses of ABL to bone formation and resorption markers were weaker, making it difficult to understand the relationship between the bone anabolic window (increase in bone formation versus resorption) and bone mass. In the present study, the effects of ABL and TPTD were compared in mice. Given that the rate of bone turnover is higher in rodents than in humans, the comparison was made with several administration regimens providing equivalent daily dosages: once daily (QD, 30 μg/kg every 24 h), twice daily (BID, 15 μg/kg every 12 h), or three times a day (TID, 10 μg/kg every 8 h). Frequent administration of ABL showed higher BMD with enhancement of trabecular and cortical bone mass and structures than that of TPTD, consistent with the clinical results seen with once daily administration. ABL increased bone formation marker levels more than TPTD with more frequent regimens, while bone resorption marker levels were not different between ABL and TPTD in all regimens. Analysis of bone histomorphometry and gene expression also suggested that ABL increased bone formation more than TPTD, while the effect on bone resorption was almost comparable between ABL and TPTD. The bone anabolic windows calculated from bone turnover markers indicated that ABL enhanced the anabolic windows more than TPTD, leading to a robust increase in BMD. The mechanism by which ABL showed a better balance of bone turnover was suggested to be partly due to the enhanced remodeling-based bone formation involved in Ephb4. Taken together, our findings would help elucidate the mechanism by which ABL shows excellent BMD gain and reduction of fractures in patients with osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akito Makino
- Pharmacology Research Department, Teijin Pharma Limited, Tokyo, Japan; Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Tomoka Hasegawa
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hideko Takagi
- Pharmacology Research Department, Teijin Pharma Limited, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Naoki Hase
- Pharmacology Research Department, Teijin Pharma Limited, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norio Amizuka
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Nosrati Z, Bergamo M, Rodríguez-Rodríguez C, Saatchi K, Häfeli UO. Refinement and validation of infrared thermal imaging (IRT): a non-invasive technique to measure disease activity in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2020; 22:281. [PMID: 33256854 PMCID: PMC7708919 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-020-02367-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The discovery and development of new medicines requires high-throughput screening of possible therapeutics in a specific model of the disease. Infrared thermal imaging (IRT) is a modern assessment method with extensive clinical and preclinical applications. Employing IRT in longitudinal preclinical setting to monitor arthritis onset, disease activity and therapeutic efficacies requires a standardized framework to provide reproducible quantitative data as a precondition for clinical studies. Methods Here, we established the accuracy and reliability of an inexpensive smartphone connected infrared (IR) camera against known temperature objects as well as certified blackbody calibration equipment. An easy to use protocol incorporating contactless image acquisition and computer-assisted data analysis was developed to detect disease-related temperature changes in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model and validated by comparison with two conventional methods, clinical arthritis scoring and paw thickness measurement. We implemented IRT to demonstrate the beneficial therapeutic effect of nanoparticle drug delivery versus free methotrexate (MTX) in vivo. Results The calibrations revealed high accuracy and reliability of the IR camera for detecting temperature changes in the rheumatoid arthritis animal model. Significant positive correlation was found between temperature changes and paw thickness measurements as the disease progressed. IRT was found to be superior over the conventional techniques specially at early arthritis onset, when it is difficult to observe subclinical signs and measure structural changes. Conclusion IRT proved to be a valid and unbiased method to detect temperature changes and quantify the degree of inflammation in a rapid and reproducible manner in longitudinal preclinical drug efficacy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynab Nosrati
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Marta Bergamo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Cristina Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Katayoun Saatchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Urs O Häfeli
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada. .,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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TANG JY, LU LH, LIU Y, LI LL, MA YY, YU SQ, LIU JC, YANG J. Transcatheter mitral valve implantation using a novel system: preclinical results. J Geriatr Cardiol 2020; 17:566-573. [PMID: 33117421 PMCID: PMC7568044 DOI: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This preclinical study in sheep sought to demonstrate the initial safety and feasibility of a novel transcatheter mitral valve system (Mi-thos valve) composed of a self-expanding frame and a bovine pericardial tissue bioprosthesis. METHODS The valve was implanted in 26 sheep using a transapical approach for short- and long-term evaluation. The technical feasibility, safety, durability, and valve function were evaluated during and 6 months after the procedure using intracardiac and transthoracic echocardiography, multisliced computed tomography, histological analysis, and electron microscopy. RESULTS The success rate of valve implantation was 100%, and the immediate survival rate after surgery was 84%. Five animals died within 90 min after the development of the prosthetic valve due to an acute left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (n = 2) and sudden intraoperative ventricular fibrillation (n = 3). Twelve animals died within 1 month due to acute left heart dysfunction. Mild (n = 5) and moderate (n = 2) paravalvular leakage occurred in seven animals, and two moderate PVL animals died of chronic heart failure within three months. Multimodality imaging studies of the remaining seven animals showed excellent function and alignment of the valves, with no coronary artery obstruction, no left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, no severe transvalvular gradients and no paravalvular leakage. Macroscopic evaluation demonstrated stable, secure positioning of the valve, with full endothelialization of the valve leaflets without injury to the ventricular or atrial walls. Histological and electron microscopic examinations at six months showed no obvious macro- or microcalcification in the leaflets. CONCLUSIONS Preclinical studies indicate that transcatheter implantation of the Mi-thos valve is technically safe and feasible. The durability, functionality, and lack of leaflet calcification were all verified in animal experiments. The information from these preclinical studies will be applied to patient selection criteria and the first-in-human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-You TANG
- />Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin-He LU
- />Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang LIU
- />Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lan-Lan LI
- />Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan-Yan MA
- />Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shi-Qiang YU
- />Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jin-Cheng LIU
- />Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian YANG
- />Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Dong W, Zhao S, Wen S, Dong C, Chen Q, Gong T, Chen W, Liu W, Mu L, Shan H, Xie X, Liu X. A preclinical randomized controlled study of ischemia treated with Ginkgo biloba extracts: Are complex components beneficial for treating acute stroke? Curr Res Transl Med 2020; 68:197-203. [PMID: 32814684 DOI: 10.1016/j.retram.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The rigorous design of preclinical experimental studies of candidate neuroprotectants for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke is crucial for the success of subsequent randomized clinical trials. The efficacy of Ginkgo biloba extracts (GBEs) in complex mixtures for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke remains unclear. In this preclinical randomized controlled trail (pRCT), the effects of a novel (n)GBE containing pinitol versus traditional (t)GBE without pinitol were evaluated on the mouse models of acute transient and permanent stroke, separately. The sample size, an important aspect of study design, was calculated based on our experimental data. Mice with ischemia that were induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) or permanent distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (pdMCAO), were treated with vehicle, nGBE, tGBE, or pinitol alone by tail-vein injection. Our results showed that nGBE significantly reduced infarct size in mice with tMCAO compared with vehicle-treated control mice. Both nGBE and tGBE significantly reduced infarct size in mice with pdMCAO compared with the vehicle-treated controls. None of the three treatments rescued weight loss or prevented the neurological deficits in either the tMCAO- or pdMCAO-model mice. These findings suggest that nGBE, which includes all of the components of tGBE and pinitol, is neuroprotective in two ischemic stroke models. Additional studies of complex GBE mixtures for stroke treatment compared to single component medications are undergoing evaluation.
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Andoh T, Fujimoto T, Satani R, Suzuki M, Wada K, Sudo T, Sakurai Y, Tanaka H, Takata T, Ichikawa H. Preclinical study of boron neutron capture therapy for bone metastasis using human breast cancer cell lines. Appl Radiat Isot 2020; 165:109257. [PMID: 32777739 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bone metastasis has a major impact on the quality of life that general therapy cannot control. We established a bone metastasis model with a human breast cancer cell line and investigated the therapeutic effect of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). BNCT suppressed tumor growth in cases of intramedullary small tumors without damaging normal tissues, providing preliminary evidence that it is a potentially new therapeutic option for controlling tumor growth from bone metastasis. Further research is warranted for its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tooru Andoh
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, Kobe, 650-8586, Japan.
| | - Takuya Fujimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hyogo Cancer Center, Akashi, 673-8558, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Satani
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, Kobe, 650-8586, Japan
| | - Minoru Suzuki
- Particle Radiation Oncology, Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Sennan-gun, 590-0494, Japan
| | - Keijiro Wada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, Kobe, 650-8586, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Sudo
- Section of Translational Research, Hyogo Cancer Center, Akashi, 673-8558, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Sakurai
- Particle Radiation Medical Physics, Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Sennan-gun, 590-0494, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tanaka
- Particle Radiation Medical Physics, Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Sennan-gun, 590-0494, Japan
| | - Takushi Takata
- Particle Radiation Medical Physics, Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Sennan-gun, 590-0494, Japan
| | - Hideki Ichikawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, Kobe, 650-8586, Japan
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Li Y, Xia WD, Van der Merwe L, Dai WT, Lin C. Efficacy of stem cell therapy for burn wounds: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:322. [PMID: 32727568 PMCID: PMC7389817 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01839-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burns remain a serious public health problem with high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Although there are various treatment options available, there is no consensus on the best treatment for severe burns as of yet. Stem cell therapy has a bright prospect in many preclinical studies of burn wounds. The systematic review was performed for these preclinical studies to assess the efficacy and possible mechanisms of stem cells in treating burn wounds. METHODS Twenty-two studies with 595 animals were identified by searching PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases from inception to 13 May 2020. In addition, a manual search of references of studies was performed to obtain potential studies. No language or time restrictions were enforced. RevMan 5.3 was used for all data analysis. RESULTS The overall meta-analysis showed that stem cell therapy significantly improved burn healing rate (SMD 3.06, 95% CI 1.98 to 4.14), irrespective of transplant type, burn area, and treatment method in the control group. Subgroup analyses indicated that hair follicle stem cells seemed to exert more beneficial effects on animals with burn wounds (SMD 7.53, 95% CI 3.11 to 11.95) compared with other stem cells. Furthermore, stem cell therapy seemed to exert more beneficial effects on burn wounds with second-degree (SMD 7.53, 95% CI 3.11 to 11.95) compared with third-degree (SMD 2.65, 95% CI 1.31 to 4.00). CONCLUSIONS Meta-analysis showed that stem cell therapy exerts a healing function for burn wounds, mainly through angiogenesis and anti-inflammatory actions. These findings also demonstrate the need for considering variations in future clinical studies using stem cells to treat a burn wound in order to maximize the effectiveness. In general, stem cells can potentially become a novel therapy candidate for burn wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Department of Burn, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nan Bai Xiang, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Dong Xia
- Department of Burn, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nan Bai Xiang, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Leanne Van der Merwe
- School of International Studies, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Tong Dai
- Department of Burn, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nan Bai Xiang, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai Lin
- Department of Burn, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nan Bai Xiang, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People's Republic of China.
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Huang AP, Hsu YH, Wu MS, Tsai HH, Su CY, Ling TY, Hsu SH, Lai DM. Potential of stem cell therapy in intracerebral hemorrhage. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:4671-80. [PMID: 32415506 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05457-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a common disease associated with high mortality and morbidity. The treatment of patients with ICH includes medical and surgical interventions. New areas of surgical intervention have been focused on the evacuation of hematoma through minimally invasive neurosurgery. In contrast, there have been no significant advances in the development of medical interventions for functional recovery after ICH. Stem cells exert multiple therapeutic functions and have emerged as a promising treatment strategy. Herein, we summarized the pathophysiology of ICH and its treatment targets, and we introduced the therapeutic mechanisms of stem cells (e.g. neutrotrophy and neuroregeneration). Moreover, we reviewed and summarized the experimental designs of the preclinical studies, including the types of cells and the timing and routes of stem cell administration. We further listed and reviewed the completed/published and ongoing clinical trials supporting the safety and efficacy of stem cell therapy in ICH. The limitations of translating preclinical studies into clinical trials and the objectives of future studies were discussed. In conclusion, current literatures showed that stem cell therapy is a promising treatment in ICH and further translation research on judiciously selected group of patients is warranted before it can be extensively applied in clinical practice.
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Abstract
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is a non-invasive imaging technology, gradually playing an irreplaceable role in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. This review demonstrates the progress and research highlights of Chinese CMR publications of the last more than 30 years. At initial stage (1988 to 1997), CMR was introduced to evaluate cardiac anatomy, blood flow and ventricular function roughly in China. In the development stage (1998-2007), CMR began to play an important role in the diagnosis of cardiovascular and pericardial disease with the emergence of new techniques, such as myocardial perfusion imaging and magnetic resonance angiography. Since 2008, the development of CMR in China has reached a prosperous period. Cardiovascular disease can be both qualitatively and quantitatively assessment by CMR "one-stop" multi-parameter imaging, including the morphology, function, myocardial perfusion, tissue characteristics, metabolism and even the microstructure of myocardial fibers, which provides comprehensive assessment of the severity, risk stratification and prognosis of cardiovascular disease. Although CMR in China developed very rapidly in recent years, China still needs to put more efforts in CMR research and make greater contributions to the development of CMR in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhou
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Shihua Zhao
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.
| | - Minjie Lu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China. .,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Imaging (Cultivation), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100037, China.
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Palandi J, Bobinski F, de Oliveira GM, Ilha J. Neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury and physical exercise in animal models: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 108:781-795. [PMID: 31837360 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the effects of physical exercise on neuropathic pain (NP) in animal models of SCI. The search was conducted in Medline and Science Direct to identify experimental preclinical studies involving animal models of SCI, physical exercise as an intervention and the assessment of NP. Fifteen articles met the eligibility criteria. The review shows that in studies of NP involving animal models of SCI, rodents are the most common species. Thoracic contusion is the most common injury and mechanical and thermal nociception are the most frequently assessed NP components. The benefits of physical exercise vary according to its starting period and total duration. In addition, there is considerable heterogeneity regarding the type and intensity of exercise capable of alleviating NP after SCI. Furthermore, physical exercise has beneficial effects on mechanical, thermal and cold nociception, and spontaneous pain. These results are weakened by the paucity of studies involving these pain outcomes. The review protocol is published for free access on the SyRF platform (http://syrf.org.uk/protocols/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliete Palandi
- Physical Therapy Graduate Program, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Florianópolis, 88080-350, SC, Brazil; Spinal Cord Injury Research Group, Neuromotor System Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Florianópolis, 88080-350, SC, Brazil
| | - Franciane Bobinski
- Physical Therapy Graduate Program, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Florianópolis, 88080-350, SC, Brazil; Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern of Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Palhoça, 88137-272, SC, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Martins de Oliveira
- Spinal Cord Injury Research Group, Neuromotor System Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Florianópolis, 88080-350, SC, Brazil
| | - Jocemar Ilha
- Physical Therapy Graduate Program, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Florianópolis, 88080-350, SC, Brazil; Spinal Cord Injury Research Group, Neuromotor System Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Florianópolis, 88080-350, SC, Brazil.
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Duong MN, Erdes E, Hebeisen M, Rufer N. Chronic TCR-MHC (self)-interactions limit the functional potential of TCR affinity-increased CD8 T lymphocytes. J Immunother Cancer 2019; 7:284. [PMID: 31690351 PMCID: PMC6833194 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-019-0773-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Affinity-optimized T cell receptor (TCR)-engineered lymphocytes targeting tumor antigens can mediate potent antitumor responses in cancer patients, but also bear substantial risks for off-target toxicities. Most preclinical studies have focused on T cell responses to antigen-specific stimulation. In contrast, little is known on the regulation of T cell responsiveness through continuous TCR triggering and consequent tonic signaling. Here, we addressed the question whether increasing the TCR affinity can lead to chronic interactions occurring directly between TCRs and MHC-(self) molecules, which may modulate the overall functional potency of tumor-redirected CD8 T cells. For this purpose, we developed two complementary human CD8 T cell models (i.e. HLA-A2 knock-in and knock-out) engineered with incremental-affinity TCRs to the HLA-A2/NY-ESO-1 tumor antigen. Methods The impact of HLA-A2 recognition, depending on TCR affinity, was assessed at the levels of the TCR/CD3 complex, regulatory receptors, and signaling, under steady-state conditions and in kinetic studies. The quality of CD8 T cell responses was further evaluated by gene expression and multiplex cytokine profiling, as well as real-time quantitative cell killing, combined with co-culture assays. Results We found that HLA-A2 per se (in absence of cognate peptide) can trigger chronic activation followed by a tolerance-like state of tumor-redirected CD8 T cells with increased-affinity TCRs. HLA-A2pos but not HLA-A2neg T cells displayed an activation phenotype, associated with enhanced upregulation of c-CBL and multiple inhibitory receptors. T cell activation preceded TCR/CD3 downmodulation, impaired TCR signaling and functional hyporesponsiveness. This stepwise activation-to-hyporesponsive state was dependent on TCR affinity and already detectable at the upper end of the physiological affinity range (KD ≤ 1 μM). Similar findings were made when affinity-increased HLA-A2neg CD8 T cells were chronically exposed to HLA-A2pos-expressing target cells. Conclusions Our observations indicate that sustained interactions between affinity-increased TCR and self-MHC can directly adjust the functional potential of T cells, even in the absence of antigen-specific stimulation. The observed tolerance-like state depends on TCR affinity and has therefore potential implications for the design of affinity-improved TCRs for adoptive T cell therapy, as several engineered TCRs currently used in clinical trials share similar affinity properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Ngoc Duong
- Department of oncology UNIL CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, CH-1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Efe Erdes
- Department of oncology UNIL CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, CH-1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Michael Hebeisen
- Department of oncology UNIL CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, CH-1066, Epalinges, Switzerland.
| | - Nathalie Rufer
- Department of oncology UNIL CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, CH-1066, Epalinges, Switzerland.
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Akhmadiev NS, Galimova AM, Akhmetova VR, Khairullina VR, Galimova RA, Agletdinov EF, Ibragimov AG, Kataev VA. Molecular Docking and Preclinical Study of Five-Membered S,S-Palladaheterocycle as Hepatoprotective Agent. Adv Pharm Bull 2019; 9:674-684. [PMID: 31857974 PMCID: PMC6912183 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2019.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: In order to investigate mechanisms underlying the hepatoprotective action of S,Spalladaheterocycle, inhibition of cytochromes P450 has been modeled by molecular docking of four palladaheterocycle stereoisomers to the active sites of an enzymatic oxidase system. To obtain a deeper insight into biochemical aspects providing a basis for the therapeutic effects of five-membered palladacycles (as mixture of stereoisomers), a number of preclinical trials has been conducted Methods: 2D and 3D structures of palladaheterocycle stereoisomers were obtained via converting into SDF files by means of software MarvinSketch. Binding of palladaheterocycle at the active sites of cytochromes P450 2E1 and P450 2C9 has been studied by molecular docking using LeadIT 2.3.2. Hepatoprotective activity of palladaheterocycle at 2.5, 25 and 250 mg/kg doses has been studied based on a model of acute intoxication by CCl4 using in vivo methods. Results: By molecular docking it was identify amino acid fragments responsible for binding with palladacyclic isomers. The tested compound is comparable, in terms of its activity to the hepatoprotective drug SAM according to the in vivo and in vitro experiments such as animal survival data, the efficiency of correction of the cytolytic syndrome, the liver excretory function, carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolism, and the correction efficiency of the liver antitoxic function (the latter has been determined based on the results of a hexobarbital control experiment). Conclusion: Taking into account results obtained in vivo, in vitro and in silico, it can be concluded that the five-membered S,S-palladaheterocycle effectively protect the liver against acute damage caused by CCl4 , via activation of catalase and glucuronyltransferase, as well as via inhibition of the oxidative stress enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nail Salavatovich Akhmadiev
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 141 Prospekt Oktyabrya, 450075 Ufa, Russia
| | | | - Vnira Rakhimovna Akhmetova
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 141 Prospekt Oktyabrya, 450075 Ufa, Russia
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Decouture B, Leuci A, Dizier B, Belleville-Rolland T, Mansour A, Martin F, Pidard D, Gaussem P, Bachelot-Loza C. Evaluation of commonly used tests to measure the effect of single-dose aspirin on mouse hemostasis. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2019; 149:46-51. [PMID: 31442897 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Discrepancies in preclinical studies of aspirin (ASA) antiplatelet activity in mouse models of bleeding and arterial thrombosis led us to evaluate commonly reported methods in order to propose a procedure for reliably measuring the effects of single dose ASA on mouse hemostasis. FVB and C57Bl6 mice received 100 mg/kg of ASA or vehicle orally 30 min or 3 h prior to investigate either hemostasis using the tail bleeding assay or carotid thrombosis induced by FeCl3, or to blood sampling for isolated platelet aggregation and TXB2 generation. Expected inhibition of COX1 by ASA was ascertained by a strong decrease in TXB2 production, and its effect on platelet function and hemostasis, by decreased collagen-induced aggregation and increased bleeding time, respectively. Strikingly, we determined that anti-hemostatic effects of ASA were more predictable 30 min after administration than 3 h later. Conversely, ASA did not alter time to arterial occlusion of the carotid upon FeCl3-induced thrombosis, suggesting ASA not to be used as reference inhibitor drug in this model of arterial thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Decouture
- Université de Paris, Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis, INSERM, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Leuci
- Université de Paris, Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis, INSERM, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Blandine Dizier
- Université de Paris, Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis, INSERM, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Tiphaine Belleville-Rolland
- Université de Paris, Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis, INSERM, F-75006 Paris, France; Service d'Hématologie Biologique, AH-HP, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Mansour
- Université de Paris, Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis, INSERM, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Fanny Martin
- Université de Paris, Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis, INSERM, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Dominique Pidard
- Université de Paris, Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis, INSERM, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Pascale Gaussem
- Université de Paris, Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis, INSERM, F-75006 Paris, France; Service d'Hématologie Biologique, AH-HP, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, F-75015 Paris, France.
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Coppard C, Bonnefoy F, Hannani D, Gabert F, Manches O, Plumas J, Perruche S, Chaperot L. Photopheresis efficacy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: a pre-clinical proof of concept. J Transl Med 2019; 17:312. [PMID: 31533744 PMCID: PMC6751641 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-2066-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite major advances in rheumatoid arthritis outcome, not all patients achieve remission, and there is still an unmet need for new therapeutic approaches. This study aimed at evaluating in a pre-clinical murine model the efficacy of extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, and to provide a relevant study model for dissecting ECP mechanism of action in autoimmune diseases. METHODS DBA/1 mice were immunized by subcutaneous injection of bovine collagen type II, in order to initiate the development of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Arthritic mice received 3 ECP treatments every other day, with psoralen + UVA-treated (PUVA) spleen cells obtained from arthritic mice. Arthritis score was measured, and immune cell subsets were monitored. RESULTS ECP-treated mice recovered from arthritis as evidenced by a decreasing arthritic score over time. Significant decrease in the frequency of Th17 cells in the spleen of treated mice was observed. Interestingly, while PUVA-treated spleen cells from healthy mouse had no effect, PUVA-treated arthritic mouse derived-spleen cells were able to induce control of arthritis development. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that ECP can control arthritis in CIA-mice, and clarifies ECP mechanisms of action, showing ECP efficacy and Th17 decrease only when arthritogenic T cells are contained within the treated sample. These data represent a pre-clinical proof of concept supporting the use of ECP in the treatment of RA in Human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Coppard
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS, UMR 5309, 38000, Grenoble, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Research and Development Lab, 29 Av Maquis du Grésivaudan, 38701, La Tronche, France
| | - Francis Bonnefoy
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098 RIGHT, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Dalil Hannani
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS, UMR 5309, 38000, Grenoble, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Research and Development Lab, 29 Av Maquis du Grésivaudan, 38701, La Tronche, France.,CNRS, CHU Grenoble, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, UMR 5525, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Françoise Gabert
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS, UMR 5309, 38000, Grenoble, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Research and Development Lab, 29 Av Maquis du Grésivaudan, 38701, La Tronche, France
| | - Olivier Manches
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS, UMR 5309, 38000, Grenoble, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Research and Development Lab, 29 Av Maquis du Grésivaudan, 38701, La Tronche, France
| | - Joel Plumas
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS, UMR 5309, 38000, Grenoble, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Research and Development Lab, 29 Av Maquis du Grésivaudan, 38701, La Tronche, France
| | - Sylvain Perruche
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098 RIGHT, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Laurence Chaperot
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS, UMR 5309, 38000, Grenoble, France. .,Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Research and Development Lab, 29 Av Maquis du Grésivaudan, 38701, La Tronche, France.
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Saito R, Kobayashi T, Kashima S, Matsumoto K, Ogawa O. Faithful preclinical mouse models for better translation to bedside in the field of immuno-oncology. Int J Clin Oncol 2020; 25:831-41. [PMID: 31407168 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-019-01520-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The success of immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors has changed the practice of cancer treatment tremendously. However, there are still many clinical challenges, such as drug resistance, predictive biomarker development, exploration of combination therapies, and prediction of immune-related adverse events in preclinical settings. To overcome these problems, it is essential to establish faithful preclinical mouse models that recapitulate the clinical features, molecular genetics, biological heterogeneity, and immune microenvironment of human cancers. Here we review the advantages and disadvantages of current preclinical mouse models, including syngeneic murine tumor cell lines, autochthonous tumor models, cancer cell line-derived xenografts, patient-derived-xenografts, and various kinds of immunologically humanized mice. We discuss how these models should be characterized and applied in preclinical settings, and how we should prepare preclinical studies for successful translation from bench to bedside.
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Quesada MP, García-Bernal D, Pastor D, Estirado A, Blanquer M, García-Hernández AM, Moraleda JM, Martínez S. Safety and Biodistribution of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Injected Intrathecally in Non-Obese Diabetic Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Mice: Preclinical Study. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 16:525-538. [PMID: 31624707 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-019-00202-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have potent immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties, and have been tested in neurodegenerative diseases resulting in meaningful clinical improvements. Regulatory guidelines specify the need to perform preclinical studies prior any clinical trial, including biodistribution assays and tumourigenesis exclusion. We conducted a preclinical study of human bone marrow MSCs (hBM-MSCs) injected by intrathecal route in Non-Obese Diabetic Severe Combined Immunodeficiency mice, to explore cellular biodistribution and toxicity as a privileged administration method for cell therapy in Friedreich's Ataxia. Methods For this purpose, 3 × 105 cells were injected by intrathecal route in 12 animals (experimental group) and the same volume of culture media in 6 animals (control group). Blood samples were collected at 24 h (n = 9) or 4 months (n = 9) to assess toxicity, and nine organs were harvested for histology and safety studies. Genomic DNA was isolated from all tissues, and mouse GAPDH and human β2M and β-actin genes were amplified by qPCR to analyze hBM-MSCs biodistribution. Results There were no deaths nor acute or chronic toxicity. Hematology, biochemistry and body weight were in the range of normal values in all groups. At 24 h hBM-MSCs were detected in 4/6 spinal cords and 1/6 hearts, and at 4 months in 3/6 hearts and 1/6 brains of transplanted mice. No tumours were found. Conclusion This study demonstrated that intrathecal injection of hBM-MSCs is safe, non toxic and do not produce tumors. These results provide further evidence that hBM-MSCs might be used in a clinical trial in patients with FRDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Paz Quesada
- 1Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Unit, Hematology Department, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, Carretera Acceso Urbanización Buenavista (1ªizda), 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - David García-Bernal
- 1Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Unit, Hematology Department, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, Carretera Acceso Urbanización Buenavista (1ªizda), 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain.,2Internal Medicine Department, Medicine School, University of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, Ctra. Madrid-Cartagena, s/n, 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Diego Pastor
- 3Sport Research Center, University Miguel Hernández of Elche, Av. de la Universidad s/n, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Alicia Estirado
- 4Neuroscience Institute UMH-CSIC, University Miguel Hernández of Elche, Carretera de Valencia, Km 18, 03550 San Juan, Alicante, Spain
| | - Miguel Blanquer
- 1Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Unit, Hematology Department, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, Carretera Acceso Urbanización Buenavista (1ªizda), 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain.,2Internal Medicine Department, Medicine School, University of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, Ctra. Madrid-Cartagena, s/n, 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana Mª García-Hernández
- 1Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Unit, Hematology Department, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, Carretera Acceso Urbanización Buenavista (1ªizda), 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - José M Moraleda
- 1Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Unit, Hematology Department, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, Carretera Acceso Urbanización Buenavista (1ªizda), 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain.,2Internal Medicine Department, Medicine School, University of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, Ctra. Madrid-Cartagena, s/n, 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Salvador Martínez
- 4Neuroscience Institute UMH-CSIC, University Miguel Hernández of Elche, Carretera de Valencia, Km 18, 03550 San Juan, Alicante, Spain.,CIBERSAM-ISCIII, Avenida Blasco Ibáñez 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain.,6Human Anatomy Department, Medicine School, University Miguel Hernández of Elche, Carretera de Valencia, Km 18, 03550 San Juan, Alicante, Spain
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