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Morales-Gamba RD, Araújo MLG, Barcellos JFM, Rêgo MG, Dias LC, Marcon JL. Progesterone receptors in extratesticular ducts of the Amazonian stingray Potamotrygon wallacei: A potential role in sperm maturation and aggregate formation. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2023; 344:114375. [PMID: 37696482 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2023.114375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
In cururu stingray (Potamotrygon wallacei Carvalho, Rosa and Araújo 2016) males, plasma progesterone (P4) levels appear to be associated with spermiation events. However, the specific contribution of P4 in sperm maturation via extratesticular ducts in this stingray species is unknown. With the aim of filling this knowledge gap, this study examined the morphology and the presence of progesterone receptors (PR) in the ducts, and analyzed the relationship of progesterone (P4) with sperm maturation and formation of aggregates. Morphological analysis showed that a columnar pseudostratified epithelium with stereocilia lined all the attached ducts. In active males, the secretory cells of the epididymis and the Leydig glands presented PR; however, these receptors were not found in the distal region of the epididymis (essential for nurturing and capacitation events) of regressing males. In the seminal vesicles of active males, the spermatozoa are parallelly aligned and embedded in a matrix to form the spermatozeugmata. The matrixes are formed by proteins secreted by the ducts and Sertoli cell cytoplasts. These structures presented PR, which suggests that P4 engages in sperm metabolism during storage. Our findings allude to the potential role of P4 in regulating the development and function of the attached ducts in different reproductive phases. Furthermore, P4 seems to be an essential component for regulating sperm progress, protein secretion, aggregate formation, and maintenance of sperm during storage in this freshwater stingray.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Dario Morales-Gamba
- Graduate Program in Zoology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas, Av. General Rodrigo Octávio 6200, Coroado I, Manaus, Amazonas 69080-900, Brazil.
| | - Maria Lúcia Góes Araújo
- Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros - s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco 52171-900, Brazil.
| | - José Fernando Marques Barcellos
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas, Av. General Rodrigo Octávio 6200, Coroado I, Manaus, Amazonas 69080-900, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Gomes Rêgo
- Department of Morphology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros - s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco 52171-900, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Castanhola Dias
- National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA), Avenida André Araújo 2936, Coroado I, Manaus, Amazonas 69067-375, Brazil.
| | - Jaydione Luiz Marcon
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas, Av. General Rodrigo Octávio 6200, Coroado I, Manaus, Amazonas 69080-900, Brazil.
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Montano L, Giorgini E, Notarstefano V, Notari T, Ricciardi M, Piscopo M, Motta O. Raman Microspectroscopy evidence of microplastics in human semen. Sci Total Environ 2023; 901:165922. [PMID: 37532047 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
The presence of microplastics (MPs) in human fluids and organs is a great concern, since, as highlighted by recent studies on animal models, they could cause alterations of several physiological functions, including reproduction. In this study, semen samples collected from men living in a polluted area of the Campania Region (Southern Italy), were analyzed to assess the presence of MPs. N. 16 pigmented microplastic fragments (ranging from 2 to 6 μm in size) with spheric or irregular shapes were found in six out of ten samples. All the detected MPs were characterized in terms of morphology (size, colour, and shape) and chemical composition by Raman Microspectroscopy. Chemical composition showed the presence of polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS), polyvinylchloride (PVC), polycarbonate (PC), polyoxymethylene (POM) and acrylic, suggesting ingestion and/or inhalation as a route of exposure to environmental MPs. In this work, we propose for the first time a mechanism by which MPs pass into the semen most likely through the epididymis and seminal vesicles, which are the most susceptible to inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Montano
- Andrology Unit and Service of Lifestyle Medicine in UroAndrology, Local Health Authority (ASL) Salerno, Coordination Unit of the Network for Environmental and Reproductive Health (Eco-Food Fertility Project), "S. Francesco di Assisi Hospital", 84020 Oliveto Citra, SA, Italy; PhD Program in Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Giorgini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, DiSVA, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, AN, Italy
| | - Valentina Notarstefano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, DiSVA, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, AN, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Notari
- Check-Up PolyDiagnostics and Research Laboratory, Andrology Unit, Viale Andrea De Luca 5, 84131 Salerno, Italy
| | - Maria Ricciardi
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Marina Piscopo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Oriana Motta
- Department of Medicine Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy
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Mohsen Y, Al-Kutoubi A. Imaging of seminal vesicles: a pictorial review. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2023; 48:3469-3487. [PMID: 37624375 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-023-04019-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The seminal vesicles are frequently overlooked when reviewing abdominal and pelvic imaging studies, and normal variants and pathologic conditions are often missed or misinterpreted. This is largely due to lack of familiarity with the organ, its anatomic variants, congenital abnormalities and disease conditions. This pictorial review aims to familiarize the reader with the range of normal appearances, congenital anomalies and disease entities that involve the seminal vesicles to avoid overtreatment and misdiagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Mohsen
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1077, USA.
| | - Aghiad Al-Kutoubi
- Department of Radiology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El Solh, PO Box 11-0236, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon
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Satariano M, Green O, Parekh N. Robotic-assisted seminal vesiculectomy for treatment of refractory hematospermia. Urol Case Rep 2023; 50:102541. [PMID: 37664535 PMCID: PMC10474577 DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2023.102541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematospermia is a common, but anxiety-provoking genitourinary condition. In instances without spontaneous resolution, pharmacologic intervention with a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor has been shown to be successful. In cases of refractory hematospermia, robotic-assisted laparoscopic seminal vesiculectomy may provide a definitive treatment option. A robotic-assisted bilateral seminal vesiculectomy was performed on a 42-year-old male with refractory painless hematospermia after failing conservative management. Three months post-operatively, the patient reported resolution of hematospermia after six ejaculations with no impact on erectile function. The robotic-assisted approach is safe and feasible with good functional outcomes and reduced morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Satariano
- Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 St. Rt. 44, PO Box 95, Rootstown, OH, 44272, United States
| | - Olivia Green
- Cleveland Clinic Akron General, 1 Akron General Avenue, Akron, OH, 44307, United States
| | - Neel Parekh
- Cleveland Clinic Akron General, 1 Akron General Avenue, Akron, OH, 44307, United States
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Yıldırım HC, Dinçer ST, Yaprak G, Kaydıhan N, Barlas C, Çakıroğlu N, Pekyürek M, Can G, Dinçbaş FÖ. Adverse risk factors for salvage radiotherapy outcomes after radical prostatectomy in prostate cancer patients. World J Urol 2023:10.1007/s00345-023-04419-7. [PMID: 37199814 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-023-04419-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate salvage treatment approaches and treatment outcomes in high-risk prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy (RP). METHODS In this retrospective, multicenter study, 272 patients who underwent salvage radiotherapy (RT) ± androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for recurrent prostate cancer after RP between 2007 and 2021 were analysed. Univariate analyses of time to biochemical and clinical relapse after salvage therapies were conducted using Kaplan-Meier plots and log-rank tests. Multivariate analyses were performed using a Cox proportional hazards model to determine the risk factors for disease relapse. RESULTS Median age was 65 (48-82) years. All patients underwent salvage prostate bed RT. Pelvic lymphatic RT was performed in 66 patients (24.3%) and ADT was included in 158 (58.1%) patients. The median PSA value before RT was 0.35 ng/mL. The median follow-up time was 64 (12-180) months. 5-years bRFS, cRFS, and OS were 75.1%, 84.8%, and 94.9% respectively. In multivariate cox regression analysis; seminal vesicle invasion (HR 8.64, 95% CI 3.47-21.48, p < 0.001), pre-RT PSA higher than 0.14 ng/mL (HR 3.79, 95% CI 1.47-9.78, p = 0.006), and ≥ 2 positive pelvic lymph nodes (HR 2.50, 95% CI 1.11-5.62, p = 0.027) were found to be unfavorable prognostic factors for bRFS. CONCLUSION Salvage RT ± ADT provided 5-years biochemical disease control in 75.1% of patients. Seminal vesicle invasion, ≥ 2 positive pelvic nodes and delayed administration of salvage RT (PSA levels higher than 0.14 ng/mL) were found to be adverse risk factors for relapse. Such factors should be taken into account during the decision process on salvage treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halil Cumhur Yıldırım
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Kocamustafapasa Street No:5 3, Cerrahpasa, Fatih, 34098, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Selvi Tabak Dinçer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Prof Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Yaprak
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nuri Kaydıhan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Istanbul Bahcelievler Memorial Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ceren Barlas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Kocamustafapasa Street No:5 3, Cerrahpasa, Fatih, 34098, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Numan Çakıroğlu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Prof Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melike Pekyürek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Günay Can
- Department of Public Health, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fazilet Öner Dinçbaş
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Kocamustafapasa Street No:5 3, Cerrahpasa, Fatih, 34098, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Istanbul Bahcelievler Memorial Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Yao Y, Liu S, He YL, Luo L, Zhang GM. Primary seminal vesicle adenocarcinoma with a history of seminal vesicle cyst: A case report and review of literature. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:3261-3266. [PMID: 37274041 PMCID: PMC10237120 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i14.3261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary seminal vesicle adenocarcinoma is a rare malignancy that is difficult to diagnose.
CASE SUMMARY A 54-year-old man with an 18-year history of a seminal vesicle cyst presented with worsening hematospermia that had persisted for one month. Dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging indicated a mass with a cystic-solid component. Robot-assisted seminal vesicle tumor resection was performed, and primary seminal vesicle adenocarcinoma was confirmed pathologically. The patient received pelvic radiotherapy for six weeks, and to date, no evidence of recurrence has been found.
CONCLUSION Seminal vesicle cysts should be monitored long-term. Seminal vesicle adenocarcinoma presents with non-specific symptoms and can be diagnosed by immunohistochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yao
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yu-Lu He
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lei Luo
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Gui-Ming Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
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Huang C, Shen Z, Li L, Yue S, Jia L, Wang K, Zhou W, Qiao Y. Reproductive damage and compensation of wild earthworm Metaphire californica from contaminated fields with long-term heavy metal exposure. Chemosphere 2023; 311:137027. [PMID: 36419262 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Reproduction is a significant biological process for organisms responding to environmental stresses, however, little is known about the reproductive strategies of invertebrates under long-term exposure to contaminations. In this study, earthworm Metaphire californica (Kinberg, 1867) from contaminated fields with an increased metal gradient were collected to investigate their reproductive responses. The results showed heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Zn, and Pb) induced histological damage to earthworms' seminal vesicles, including tissue disorders and cavities, and decreases in mature spermatozoa. Sperm morphology analysis indicated deformity rates were up to13.2% (e.g. head swollen or missing) for worms from the most contaminated site, which coincided with DNA damages. Furthermore, the computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system was employed for the evaluation of sperm kinetic traits. Results suggested earthworms exposed to higher contamination showed a lower sperm viability rate but faster sperm velocity after re-exposure with Cd solution (like the curvilinear velocity and straight-line velocity paraments) compared with those from relatively clean sites. The activities of lactate dehydrogenase and sorbitol dehydrogenase showed the highest 32.5% and 12.5% up-regulation respectively with the increased metal gradient. In conclusion, this study elucidated the earthworm reproductive toxicity, underlying reproductive compensation, metal stress-induced damages, and adaptive responses caused by heavy metal exposure, while also providing the possibility of sperm trait analysis (CASA) for related earthworm toxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caide Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxon, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liang Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shizhong Yue
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou, 253023, China
| | - Li Jia
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Sciences de la Terre D'Orleans, Université D'Orleans-Brgm, UMR, 7327, France
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of North China Crop and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Wenhao Zhou
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuhui Qiao
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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8
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Muinck Keizer DM, Willigenburg T, der Voort van Zyp JRN, Raaymakers BW, Lagendijk JJW, Boer JCJ. Seminal vesicle intrafraction motion during the delivery of radiotherapy sessions on a 1.5 T MR-Linac. Radiother Oncol 2021; 162:162-169. [PMID: 34293410 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2021.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate seminal vesicle (SV) intrafraction motion using cinematic magnetic resonance imaging (cine-MR) during the delivery of online adaptive MR-Linac radiotherapy fractions, in preparation of MR-guided extremely hypofractionated radiotherapy for intermediate to high-risk prostate cancer patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty prostate cancer patients were treated with 5 × 7.25 Gy on a 1.5 Tesla MR-Linac. 3D Cine-MR imaging was started simultaneously and acquired over the full beam-on period. Intrafraction motion in this cine-MR was determined for each SV separately with a previously validated soft-tissue contrast-based tracking algorithm. Motion statistics and coverage probability for the SVs and prostate were determined based on the obtained results. RESULTS SV motion was automatically determined during the beam-on period (approx. 10 min) for 247 fractions. SV intrafraction motion shows larger spread than prostate intrafraction motion and increases over time. This difference is especially evident in the anterior and cranial translation directions. Significant difference in rotation about the left-right axis was found, with larger rotation for the SVs than the prostate. Intra-fraction coverage probability of 99% can be achieved when using 5 mm isometric expansion for the left and right SV and 3 mm for the prostate. CONCLUSION This is the first study to investigate SV intrafraction motion during MR-guided RT sessions on an MR-Linac. We have shown that high quality 3D cine-MR imaging and SV tracking during RT is feasible with beam-on. The tracking method as described may be used as input for a fast replanning algorithm, which allows for intrafraction plan adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Muinck Keizer
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Radiotherapy, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - T Willigenburg
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Radiotherapy, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - B W Raaymakers
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Radiotherapy, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J J W Lagendijk
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Radiotherapy, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J C J Boer
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Radiotherapy, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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García Fernández A, García Valverde A, Rodríguez González I, Castaño Cárdeno E, León-Salas Bujalance A, De Los Santos Beriguete MJ. Seminal vesicles tumor: Rare localization of lymphoma. A case report. Urol Case Rep 2021; 36:101560. [PMID: 33489767 PMCID: PMC7807246 DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2020.101560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A case affected by a seminal vesicles secondary tumor to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is reported. Seminal vesicles neoplasms are scarce, and they can be classified into primary or secondary. The most common case is their involvement by extension of adjacent tumors, which are clinically nonspecific. In the case presented herein, the patient complained of oliguria, constipation and perineal pain, where imaging methods revealed the growth of both seminal vesicles. Pathological examination revealed infiltration of seminal vesicles by diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. In view of this clinical event, we briefly reviewed literature related to the involvement of seminal vesicles tumor.
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10
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Sivashankar M, D Perera N, Nalin Ruvinda PG, Samarasinghe TM, Navarooban N. A giant retrovesical cystic mass: A rarest of rare with a management dilemma. Urol Case Rep 2021; 35:101548. [PMID: 33437643 PMCID: PMC7786043 DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2020.101548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A 32-year-old man investigated for subfertility and bladder outlet obstruction. He had a palpable pelvic mass and computerized tomography (CT) pelvis demonstrated that a large cystic mass (15cm) arising from right side seminal vesicle, and another small cyst from left side seminal vesicle with unilateral hydroureteronephrosis. Following a futile attempt of endoscopic drainage, mass was excised in toto via lower midline laparotomy. Pathological examination and immunocytochemistry confirmed the mass to be an extremely rare seminal vesicle Schwannoma. To our knowledge, there are few unilateral seminal vesicle schwannomas reported in literature published in English language up to date.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Neville D Perera
- Department of Urology, National Hospital of Sri Lanka (NHSL), Sri Lanka
| | | | | | - N Navarooban
- Department of Urology, National Hospital of Sri Lanka (NHSL), Sri Lanka
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11
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Saddick SY. Effect of Nandrolone decanoate induced-oxidative stress on rat testes, prostate, and seminal vesicle: Biochemical, morphometric and histopathological studies. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:196-203. [PMID: 33424297 PMCID: PMC7783662 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nandrolone decanoate (Nd) is a highly abused androgenic-anabolic steroid among body builders. Even though it has weak androgenic effects, its prolonged use may have harmful impact on male reproductive system which needs to be evaluated. This study aimed to reinvestigate its possible oxidative stress induced alteration on male rat reproductive system. Twenty-eight male rats were divided into two groups. Nd treated group (n = 18) injected intramuscular with 10 mg/kg body weight once a week for four weeks. While, the control group (n = 10) was injected with physiologic saline by the same route for four weeks. Body weight was recorded for all rats and after animal dissection weight of testes, prostate and seminal vesicles were also recorded. The results showed that the average testicular weight was decreased in treated group compared to the control. The average weights of the prostate and seminal vesicles were increased compared to the control. Morphometric study revealed that in Nd treated group, there was a decrease in the width of seminiferous tubules and the height of spermatogenic cell layer compared to the control. Testicular degeneration was expressed by presence of spermatid giant cells, vacuolation, and degenerated spermatozoa. Tunnel technique showed scattered positive reaction among the spermatogenic cell layers and interstitial cells. Severe alterations of the prostate were expressed by benign prostate hyperplasia and retained secretions. Lipid peroxidation products (malonaldehyde concentration as ng/g of testicular tissue) were increased in treated group compared to the control and suggested the occurrence of oxidative damage. Nd induced severe alterations in the male genital organs were resulted from oxidative stress. It is concluded that the male genital organs are highly sensitive to the anabolic steroids and there is a high extent of reproductive risk associated with the use of AASs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salina Y Saddick
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Sushentsev N, Barrett T. The first magnetic resonance imaging-detected case of bilateral seminal vesicle duplication: An illustrative case report. Clin Imaging 2021; 74:1-3. [PMID: 33421696 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2020.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Given the increasing use of prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for imaging suspected cancer and male infertility, understanding imaging features of congenital anomalies of the seminal vesicles (SVs) is of clinical importance. This case presents the first MRI-detected case of bilateral SV duplication with an isolated right SV cyst in the absence of other congenital genitourinary anomalies. In addition to illustrating imaging features of this rare anomaly, this case provides an overview of the role of MRI in providing accurate diagnosis and guiding management options of the most common SV anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Sushentsev
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Hills Rd, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Tristan Barrett
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Hills Rd, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
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13
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Knipper S, Ascalone L, Ziegler B, Hohenhorst JL, Simon R, Berliner C, van Leeuwen FWB, van der Poel H, Giesel F, Graefen M, Eiber M, Heck MM, Horn T, Maurer T. Salvage Surgery in Patients with Local Recurrence After Radical Prostatectomy. Eur Urol 2020; 79:537-544. [PMID: 33317857 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2020.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the introduction of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, isolated local recurrence after radical prostatectomy (RP) can be delineated accurately. OBJECTIVE To describe and evaluate surgical technique, biochemical response, and therapy-free survival (TFS) after salvage surgery in patients with local recurrence in the seminal vesicle bed. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS We retrospectively assessed 40 patients treated with open salvage surgery in two centres (11/2014-02/2020). All patients presented with biochemical recurrence (BCR) after RP with a singular local recurrence at PSMA PET imaging. Thirty-three (82.5%) patients received previous salvage radiation therapy. SURGICAL PROCEDURE Open salvage surgery with PSMA radioguidance. MEASUREMENTS Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) nadir and percentage of patients with complete biochemical response (cBR) without further treatment (PSA < 0.2 ng/ml) after 6-16 wk were assessed. BCR-free survival and TFS were calculated using Kaplan-Meier estimates. Clavien-Dindo complications were evaluated. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Prior to salvage surgery, median PSA was 0.9 ng/ml (interquartile range [IQR]: 0.5-1.7 ng/ml). Postoperatively, median PSA nadir was 0.1 ng/ml (IQR: 0-0.4 ng/ml). In 31 (77.5%) patients, cBR was observed. During the median follow-up of 24.4 months, 22 (55.0%) patients experienced BCR and 12 (30.0%) received further therapy. At 1 yr of follow-up, BCR-free survival rate was 62.2% and TFS rate was 88.3%. Three (7.5%) Clavien-Dindo grade III complications were observed. The main limitations are the retrospective design, short follow-up, and lack of a control group. CONCLUSIONS Salvage surgery of local recurrence within the seminal vesicle bed is feasible. It may present an opportunity in selected, locally recurrent patients to prolong BCR-free survival and increase TFS. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings. PATIENT SUMMARY We looked at the outcomes from prostate cancer patients with locally recurrent disease after radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy. We found that surgery in well-selected patients may be an opportunity to prolong treatment-free survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Knipper
- Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Luigi Ascalone
- Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Ziegler
- Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan L Hohenhorst
- Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ricarda Simon
- Department of Urology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Berliner
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Fijs W B van Leeuwen
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Urology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital-The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henk van der Poel
- Department of Urology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital-The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik Giesel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Eiber
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias M Heck
- Department of Urology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Horn
- Department of Urology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Maurer
- Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Urology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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14
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Xia ZX, Cong JC, Zhang H. Rectoseminal vesicle fistula after radical surgery for rectal cancer: Four case reports and a literature review. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8:5645-5656. [PMID: 33344556 PMCID: PMC7716322 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i22.5645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A rectoseminal vesicle fistula (RSVF) is a rare complication after anterior or low anterior proctectomy for rectal cancer mainly due to anastomotic leakage (AL). Limited literature documenting this rare complication is available. We report four such cases and review the literature to investigate the etiology, clinical manifestations, and the diagnostic and treatment methods of RSVF in order to provide greater insight into this disorder.
CASE SUMMARY Four cases of RSVF were presented and summarized, and a further 12 cases selected from the literature were discussed. The main clinical symptoms in these patients were pneumaturia, fever, scrotal swelling and pain, anal pain, orchitis, diarrhea, dysuria, epididymitis and fecaluria. Imaging methods such as pelvic X-ray, computed tomography (CT), sinus radiography, barium enema and other techniques confirmed the diagnosis. CT was the imaging modality of choice. In cases presenting with reduced levels of AL, minimal surrounding inflammation, and controlled infection, the RSVF was conservatively treated by urethral catheterization, antibiotics administration and parenteral nutrition. In cases of severe RSVF, incision and drainage of the abscess or fistula and urinary or fecal diversion surgery successfully resolved the fistula.
CONCLUSION This study provides an extensive analysis of RSVF, and outlines, summarizes and examines the causes, clinical manifestations, diagnostic procedures and treatment options, in order to prevent misdiagnosis and treatment errors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xiu Xia
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jin-Chun Cong
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
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15
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Pitra T, Pivovarcikova K, Alaghehbandan R, Compérat EM, Hora M, Rogala J, Slisarenko M, Michal M, Hes O. Utility of NKX3.1 immunohistochemistry in the differential diagnosis of seminal vesicles versus prostatic tissue in needle biopsy. Ann Diagn Pathol 2020; 49:151644. [PMID: 33126153 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2020.151644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
NKX3.1 is considered a reliable immunohistochemical marker of prostatic origin with high specificity and sensitivity. However, NKX3.1 positivity has been described in other neoplastic and non-neoplastic tissues, such as mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, sex-cord stromal tumors, rete testis adenocarcinoma, lobular and ductal carcinoma of the breast, salivary glands, peribronchial submucosal glands, and Sertoli cells. We analyzed expression of two antibodies (mono and polyclonal) of NKX3.1 in a total of 63 non-neoplastic seminal vesicles. We used 52 resection materials (12 seminal vesicles without prostatic adenocarcinoma, 26 seminal vesicles with prostatic adenocarcinoma infiltration, and 14 cases of seminal vesicles infiltrated by urothelial carcinoma) and 11 prostatic core needle biopsies with incidentally sampled fragment of seminal vesicles. In all cases, tissues from seminal vesicles were completely negative for NKX3.1, despite using polyclonal and monoclonal NKX3.1 antibodies, and regardless of the detection system utilized (diaminobenzidine (DAB) versus alkaline phosphatase (AF)). However, prostatic adenocarcinoma was negative in several cases (n = 6), when AF detection system was used. Reaction with DAB was strong and robust in all cases. Based on our data, we can recommend NKX3.1 as a negative immunohistochemical marker of seminal vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Pitra
- Department of Urology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Pivovarcikova
- Department of Pathology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Reza Alaghehbandan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Eva Maria Compérat
- Department of Pathology, Tenon Hospital, Sorbonne University, France; Department of Pathology, Medical University Vienna, Austria
| | - Milan Hora
- Department of Urology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Joanna Rogala
- Department of Pathology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Maryna Slisarenko
- Department of Pathology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Michal
- Department of Pathology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Hes
- Department of Pathology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
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16
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Vo VG, Bagyinszky E, Shim K, Park YS, An SSA. Additional diagnostic testing of the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Mol Cell Toxicol 2020; 16:355-357. [PMID: 32837527 PMCID: PMC7364731 DOI: 10.1007/s13273-020-00096-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of review Within the last two decades several members of the Coronaviridae family namely Severe Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) have demonstrated epidemic potential. In late, 2019 an unnamed genetic relative, later named SARS-CoV-2 realized its potential in the highly populous neighborhoods of Wuhan, China. Unchecked, the virus rapidly spread among interconnected communities and related households before containment measures could be in acted. “Appropriate” diagnostic testing in response to the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak should be urgently considered. This perspective review gives particular attention to the potential diagnostic testing of the virus in semen and seminal fluids due to its high levels of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) precursor. Recent findings As many infectious viruses are stable in semen and have transmitted the respective diseases, the presence of SARS-CoV-2 should be tested in semen to assess their stabilities and half-life. As in case of Ebola virus, it was present in semen for longer period in a carrier man without any symptom. Additional hypothesis is that since ACE2 could serve as a mediator for the endocytosis of the previously SARS coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 may enter the cells through similar mechanism. From the protein expression atlas, high levels of ACE2 precursor were found in intestines and testis. Hence, the testis and seminal fluids could be the host cell and/or reservoir. The results could be used as a suggestive guideline for the sexual activities after the discharge or declaration of disease free.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Giau Vo
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Environment Gachon University, 1342 Sungnam-daero, Sujung-gu, Seongnam-si, 461-701 Gyeonggi-do Korea.,Department of BionanoTechnology, Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University, 1342 Sungnam-daero, Sujung-gu, Seongnam-si, 461-701 Gyeonggi-do Korea
| | - Eva Bagyinszky
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Environment Gachon University, 1342 Sungnam-daero, Sujung-gu, Seongnam-si, 461-701 Gyeonggi-do Korea.,Department of BionanoTechnology, Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University, 1342 Sungnam-daero, Sujung-gu, Seongnam-si, 461-701 Gyeonggi-do Korea
| | - Kyuhwan Shim
- Department of BionanoTechnology, Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University, 1342 Sungnam-daero, Sujung-gu, Seongnam-si, 461-701 Gyeonggi-do Korea
| | - Yoon Soo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 363, Dongbaekjukjeon-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, 16995 Gyeonggi-do Korea
| | - Seong Soo A An
- Department of BionanoTechnology, Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University, 1342 Sungnam-daero, Sujung-gu, Seongnam-si, 461-701 Gyeonggi-do Korea
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17
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Catania R, Dasyam N, Furlan A, Borhani AA. Cross-sectional imaging of seminal vesicles and vasa deferentia. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2020; 45:2049-2062. [PMID: 31897685 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-019-02368-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A wide spectrum of pathologies, ranging from inconsequential degenerative and senile changes to clinically significant neoplasms, can affect seminal vesicles (SVs). With rapid rise in use of magnetic resonance imaging for evaluation of prostate in recent years an increasing number of cases of incidental SV pathologies are encountered by radiologists. Despite the high contrast resolution and high spatial resolution offered by multiparametric pelvic MRI, accurate diagnosis of SV processes can at times be challenging. In this article, we review the anatomy and embryology of the SVs and vasa deferentia and then explore the spectrum of diseases affecting them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Catania
- Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Intensive Medicine, Institute of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, University of Parvia, Parvia, Italy
| | - Navya Dasyam
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Presbyterian, Radiology Suite 200 East Wing 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Alessandro Furlan
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Presbyterian, Radiology Suite 200 East Wing 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Amir A Borhani
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Presbyterian, Radiology Suite 200 East Wing 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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18
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do Nascimento CC, Junior OA, D'Almeida V. Morphologic description of male reproductive accessory glands in a mouse model of mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I). J Mol Histol 2020; 51:137-145. [PMID: 32162173 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-020-09864-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) is a genetic disease caused by a deficiency of the lysosomal hydrolase α-L-iduronidase (IDUA). IDUA degrades two types of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs): heparan and dermatan sulfates, important components of extracellular matrix, with signaling and structural functions. The accumulation of GAGs results in progressive physiological impairments in a variety of tissues, making MPS I a complex and multisystemic disease. Due the advent of therapeutic strategies which have increased patients' life expectancy, our group have been investigating the effect of IDUA deficiency on the reproductive system. In the present study, we aimed to characterize some of the accessory glands of the male reproductive tract in an MPS I mouse model. We used 6-month-old Idua+/+ and Idua-/- male mice to evaluate the histology of the seminal vesicles and prostate. Interstitial deposits of GAGs and collagen fibers were also observed. Seminal vesicles were smaller in the Idua-/- group, regardless of the normal staining pattern of the epithelial cells, marked with antiandrogen receptor. The prostate of Idua-/- mice presented necrotic acini and increased deposition of collagen fibers in the interstitium. All glands presented evident deposits of GAGs in the extracellular matrix, especially inside vacuolated interstitial cells. We concluded that, at this stage of the disease, the prostate is the most damaged accessory gland and may therefore, be the first to manifest functional impairments during disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinthia Castro do Nascimento
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 925, Napoleão de Barros St, 3rd Floor, São Paulo, SP, 04024-002, Brazil
- Department of Biosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Odair Aguiar Junior
- Department of Biosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Vânia D'Almeida
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 925, Napoleão de Barros St, 3rd Floor, São Paulo, SP, 04024-002, Brazil.
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19
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Laranjo LT, da Silva IB, Costa-Leonardo AM. Development and comparative morphology of the reproductive system in different aged males of the drywood termite Cryptotermes brevis (Blattaria, Isoptera, Kalotermitidae). Protoplasma 2020; 257:31-42. [PMID: 31321554 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-019-01417-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Termites are eusocial cockroaches, which have received great attention due to their diversity of reproductive strategies. Although these novelties allow new interpretations concerning the mating biology of these insects, studies highlighting the structure of the reproductive system are limited to some termite lineages. Here we provide the first comparative analysis of the reproductive system of a drywood termite, using different aged males of Cryptotermes brevis as models. This species represents an important structural pest in tropical regions, and most aspects of its reproductive biology remain unknown, especially on males. The reproductive apparatus of C. brevis is equipped with paired testes, composed of seven testicular lobes, in which developing spermatozoa are located. The basal portion of the lobes connects to the vasa deferentia and transport spermatozoa to a pair of enlarged chambers, the seminal vesicles. These structures join in a median ejaculatory duct, which opens to the external region through a retractile penis. Spermatozoa were observed in all C. brevis males, exhibiting elongated morphology and measuring about 10 μm in length/4 μm in width. Compared with last-instar nymphs and alates, functional kings showed enlarged testes and seminal vesicles, as well as an intense secretory activity towards the lumen of the latter structures. Histochemical tests evidenced strongly PAS and xylidine Ponceau positive reactions of the secretion only in functional kings, indicating the occurrence of glycoproteins. Thus, we suggest that morphophysiological changes establish during the maturation of the reproductive system in C. brevis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Teixeira Laranjo
- Laboratório de Cupins, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista UNESP, Av. 24A, No. 1515, Rio Claro, SP, 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Iago Bueno da Silva
- Laboratório de Cupins, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista UNESP, Av. 24A, No. 1515, Rio Claro, SP, 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Costa-Leonardo
- Laboratório de Cupins, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista UNESP, Av. 24A, No. 1515, Rio Claro, SP, 13506-900, Brazil.
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20
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Cicero JM, Hunter WB, Cano LM, Saha S, Mueller LA, Brown SJ. Reinterpretation of 'sperm pump' or 'sperm syringe' function with notes on other male internal reproductive organs in the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae). Arthropod Struct Dev 2020; 54:100915. [PMID: 32062333 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.100915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Reproduction is a critical feature in the search for means to manage the Asian citrus psyllid, vector of a devastating bacterial pathogen of citrus. The importance of accuracy in functional, anatomical descriptions and interpretations for use by other disciplines, particularly molecular genetics, cannot be overstressed. The term 'sperm pump' was coined by classical authors on observational appearance of the endoskeleton of the male reproductive apparatus. They described a thimble-shaped cuticle with smooth, cylindrical columns, interpreted as muscles, that ran longitudinally around a central cylinder. They detected transverse lines on the cylinder giving the false impression of a coiled spring. These features fostered the teleological interpretation that the device is a contractile pump. Now obsolete, the term is replaced by 'drum/spout complex'. It is a hypodermis with a sclerotized cuticle that houses the phallus which transports seminal fluid through its lumen to the female for insemination. Between the spout and the external genitalia is a spout extension, conferring flexibility to the apparatus about the abdominal apex. Approximately 21 longitudinal columns extend circumferentially around the cylinder's hemolymph-side, from the thimble's basal plate to its apical plate. These columns are correctly muscle cells, and reinterpreted to exude a lipaceous, lubricating substance for mating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Cicero
- University of Florida, UF/IFAS, Entomology and Nematology Dept., 1881 Natural Area Dr., Steinmetz Hall, Gainesville, 32611, USA.
| | - Wayne B Hunter
- USDA-ARS, Horticultural Research Lab, 2001 S. Rock Rd., Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA
| | - Liliana M Cano
- University of Florida, UF/IFAS, Indian River Research and Education Center, Department of Plant Pathology, 2199 S. Rock Rd., Ft. Pierce, FL 34945, USA
| | - Surya Saha
- Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Rd., Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Lukas A Mueller
- Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Rd., Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Susan J Brown
- Dept. Biology, Ackert Hall, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
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21
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Abstract
Primary diseases of the seminal vesicles (SV) are very rare entities.Nonneoplastic lesions of the seminal vesicles include amyloidosis, inflammation, calcification and calculi, radiation-induced changes, and basal cell proliferation.Seminal vesicles are frequently involved by tumors originating elsewhere, in particular by prostatic adenocarcinoma, urothelial carcinoma, and rectal adenocarcinoma. On the contrary, primary tumors of the seminal vesicles are rare. Among these, the most common is seminal vesicle adenocarcinoma. To date, less than 100 cases have been reported in literature. Morphologically, primary SV adenocarcinoma is described as a papillary or sheetlike growth architecture, with trabecular and glandular patterns, composed by hobnail tumor cells, frequently with mucinous differentiation. On the contrary, mesenchymal tumors include benign lesions such as leiomyoma, schwannoma, fibroma, paraganglioma, solitary fibrous tumor, cystadenoma, and mixed epithelial and stromal tumors (MEST).Cystadenoma is a rare benign tumor, while MESTs are biphasic tumors with stromal and benign epithelial components. Histological features such as stromal atypia, mitotic activity, nuclear pleomorphism, and tumor necrosis distinct MEST in low-, intermediate-, and high-grade tumors.In recent years, multiple studies reported a link between tumorigenesis and tumor microenvironment. In this regard, the molecular mechanisms connecting prostate cancer (PCa) progression and the host microenvironment have been described and include extracellular matrix (ECM), myofibroblasts, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), neuroendocrine cells, adipose tissue, and the immune-modulatory cells. Of note, only one study evaluated the influence of seminal vesicle's tumor microenvironment (SVME) on prostate cancer cells so far. Besides, in vivo experiments in NOD/SCID mice clarified the influence of SVME on PCa progression. As such, the injection of PC3 cells into the prostate or the SV resulted in different tumor aggressiveness, and the incidence of retroperitoneal lymph node metastases was significantly higher in mice models receiving SV injection. These findings demonstrated that SVs (rather than the prostate) offer a stimulating tumor microenvironment for growth and invasion of prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Cimadamore
- Institute of Pathological Anatomy and Histopathology, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region (Ancona), Ancona, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Montironi
- Institute of Pathological Anatomy and Histopathology, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region (Ancona), Ancona, Italy
| | - Sergio Serni
- Department of Urologic Robotic Surgery and Renal Transplantation, University of Florence, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Riccardo Campi
- Department of Urologic Robotic Surgery and Renal Transplantation, University of Florence, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy. .,Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy.
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22
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El-Asmar JM, Saade C, Dergham MYR, Degheili JA. Multimodality approach to imaging giant multilocular cystadenoma of the prostate: A rare entity. Radiol Case Rep 2019; 14:1117-1122. [PMID: 31338138 PMCID: PMC6629975 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Giant multilocular cystadenomas of the prostate or seminal vesicles are rarely reported in literature. We present a case of a 76-year-old male presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms initially perceived as symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia. The patient was investigated by employing a multimodality imaging approach of the prostate that included ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, which resulted in an incidental finding of large multiloculated benign cysts originating from the prostate, confirmed by pathological study. This case report highlights the multimodality imaging approach in the detection and diagnosis of this rare disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M El-Asmar
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology and Renal Transplantation, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, P.O. Box 11-0236/ K3, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Charbel Saade
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohamad Yasser R Dergham
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jad A Degheili
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology and Renal Transplantation, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, P.O. Box 11-0236/ K3, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
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23
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Venditti M, Aniello F, Santillo A, Minucci S. Study on PREP localization in mouse seminal vesicles and its possible involvement during regulated exocytosis. ZYGOTE 2019; 27:160-5. [PMID: 31060637 DOI: 10.1017/S0967199419000194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
SummaryProlyl endopeptidase (PREP) is a post-proline cleaving enzyme. It is involved in the regulation of multiple inositol polyphosphate phosphatase activity implicated in the pathway of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, resulting in the modulation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels. Besides its peptidase activity, PREP was identified as a binding partner of tubulin, suggesting that it may participate in microtubule-associate processes. In this paper, we evaluated the expression of PREP mRNA and protein by polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses and its co-localization with tubulin by immunofluorescence in adult mouse seminal vesicles. We showed that both proteins are cytoplasmic: tubulin is localized at the apical half part of the cell, while PREP has a more diffuse localization, showing a prominent distribution at the apical cytoplasm. These findings support our hypothesis of a specific role for PREP in cytoskeletal rearrangement that occurs during the exocytosis of secretory vesicles, and in particular its association with tubulin filaments. Moreover, it may regulate Ca2+ levels, and promote the final step of vesicular exocytosis, namely the fusion of the vesicles with the plasma membrane. These results strongly suggest that there is a pivotal role for PREP in vesicle exocytosis, as well as in the physiology of mouse seminal vesicles.
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Peng L, Yao B, Hong Z, Shen J, Hu X, Shao Y, Jing J, Lu J. Effect of Ningmitai capsule plus sertraline on patients with premature ejaculation and enlarged seminal vesicles: A randomized clinical trial. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2018; 38:266-271. [PMID: 32186065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Ningmitai capsule combined with sertraline on patients with premature ejaculation (PE) and an increased anterior-posterior diameter (APD) of the seminal vesicles (SVs). METHODS Sixty men with acquired PE were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups. The combined group was treated with Ningmitai capsule and sertraline, while the control group was treated with sertraline alone. Main outcomes were measured using the premature ejaculation diagnostic tool (PEDT), APD of SVs, and Clinical Global Impression of Change questionnaire and compared before and after 3 months of treatment. RESULTS Comparing after treatment with before treatment outcomes within each group, the PEDT score was significantly reduced in the combined group (12.1 ¡À 2.5 vs 8.6 ¡À 3.2, P < 0.001, respectively) and control group (12.9 ¡À 2.6 vs 10.3 ¡À 1.6, P < 0.001, respectively). Furthermore, the PEDT score after treatment was significantly lower in the combined compared with control group (8.6 ¡À 3.2 vs 10.3 ¡À 1.6, P = 0.011, respectively). The APD of SVs in the combined group was significantly decreased after treatment [(10.8 ¡À 2.4) vs (12.9 ¡À 2.2) mm, P = 0.001], while the APD of SVs in the control group was equivalent before and after treatment. The treatment response rate was not significantly higher in the combined compared with control group. CONCLUSION These results indicated that the effect of Ningmitai capsule combined with sertraline was better than that of sertraline alone for the treatment of PE patients exhibiting an increased APD of SVs. The therapeutic effect found for the combined treatment may be due to antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity reported for Ningmitai capsule, and may suggest that seminal vesiculitis is a potential pathophysiological factor in acquired PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longping Peng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Jinling Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Bing Yao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Jinling Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Zhiwei Hong
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Jiaming Shen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Xuechun Hu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Yong Shao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Jun Jing
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Jinchun Lu
- Department of Laboratory Science, Nanjing Hospital, Jiangsu Corps, the Armed Police Force, Chinese People's Liberation Army, Nanjing 210028, China
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Venditti M, Fasano C, Santillo A, Aniello F, Minucci S. First evidence of DAAM1 localization in mouse seminal vesicles and its possible involvement during regulated exocytosis. C R Biol 2018; 341:228-234. [PMID: 29571963 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Dishevelled-associated activator of morphogenesis 1 (DAAM1) is a protein belonging to the formin family, which regulates, together with the small GTPase RhoA, the nucleation and the assembly of actin fibres through Wnt-Dishevelled PCP pathway. Its role has been investigated in essential biological processes, such as cell polarity, movement and adhesion during morphogenesis and organogenesis. In this work, we studied the expression of DAAM1 mRNA and protein by PCR and Western blot analyses and its co-localization with actin in adult mouse seminal vesicles by immunofluorescence. We show that both proteins are cytoplasmic: actin is evident at cell-cell junctions and at cell cortex; DAAM1 had a more diffused localization, but is also prominent at the apical plasmatic membrane of epithelial cells. These findings support our hypothesis of a role of DAAM1 in cytoskeletal rearrangement that occurs during the exocytosis of secretory vesicles, and in particular concerning actin filaments. We were also able to detect DAAM1 and actin association in the smooth muscle cells that surround the epithelium too. In this case, we could only speculate the possible involvement of this formin in muscular cells in the maintenance and the regulation of the contractile structures. The present results strongly suggest that DAAM1 could have a pivotal role in vesicle exocytosis and in the physiology of mouse seminal vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Venditti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sez, Fisiologia Umana e Funzioni Biologiche Integrate, Università degli studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli, 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Chiara Fasano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sez, Fisiologia Umana e Funzioni Biologiche Integrate, Università degli studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli, 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessandra Santillo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Francesco Aniello
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Sergio Minucci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sez, Fisiologia Umana e Funzioni Biologiche Integrate, Università degli studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli, 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy.
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Barrett T, Tanner J, Gill AB, Slough RA, Wason J, Gallagher FA. The longitudinal effect of ejaculation on seminal vesicle fluid volume and whole-prostate ADC as measured on prostate MRI. Eur Radiol 2017; 27:5236-5243. [PMID: 28677052 PMCID: PMC5674119 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-017-4905-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To prospectively investigate the longitudinal effect of ejaculatory abstinence on MRI-measured seminal vesicle (SV) volume and whole-prostate ADC over consecutive days. METHODS 15 healthy male volunteers (mean 35.9 years, range 27-53) underwent 3-T MRI at baseline and 1, 2 and 3 days post-ejaculation. Prostate and SV volumes were derived by volume segmentation and whole-gland apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values calculated. A mixed-effects linear regression compared ADC values and prostate/seminal vesicle volumes in each volunteer between studies in a pairwise manner. RESULTS All subjects completed the four MRIs. Mean prostate volume was 22.45 cm3 (range 13.04-31.21 cm3), with no change between the four studies (p = 0.89-0.99). 13/15 subjects showed SV volume reduction from baseline to day 1, with group-mean decreasing from 6.45 to 4.80 cm3 (-25.6%, p < 0.001), and a significant reduction from baseline to day 2 (-18.1%, p = 0.002). There was a significant volume increase from both day 1 (+21.3%, p = 0.006) and day 2 (+10.2%, p = 0.022) to day 3 post-ejaculation. There was a significant reduction in ADC from 1.105 at baseline to 1.056 × 10-3 mm2/s at day 1 (mean -4.3%, p = 0.009). CONCLUSION The longitudinal effect of ejaculation on SV volume was demonstrated. Significant reductions in SV volume and whole-gland ADC were observed post-ejaculation, supporting a 3-day period of abstinence before prostate MRI. KEY POINTS • Seminal vesicle volume significantly reduced 24 h post-ejaculation remaining reduced at day 2 • Seminal vesicle fluid volume significantly increased from day 1 to day 3 post-ejaculation • There was a significant reduction in whole-gland prostate ADC values day 1 post-ejaculation • 3-day abstinence from ejaculation is required to ensure maximal seminal vesicle distension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Barrett
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
- CamPARI Clinic, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - James Tanner
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Andrew B Gill
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Rhys A Slough
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - James Wason
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Ferdia A Gallagher
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- CamPARI Clinic, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
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Dell'Atti L, Galosi AB. Ultrasound analysis of seminal vesicles in prostate cancer invasion: monocentric experience of an extended prostate biopsy scheme. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2017; 42:1250-1254. [PMID: 27838771 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-016-0968-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE At present, uniformity does not exist with regard to the indication criteria of seminal vesicle (SV) biopsies. The aim of this study was to define the ultrasonographic (US) patterns observed in SV invaded by prostate cancer (PCa), and propose an extended prostate biopsy protocol when SV invasion (SVI) is suspected. METHODS We reviewed 1.252 patients who underwent an initial transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy for suspicious PCa. We performed a 14-core biopsy scheme, as first intention, including 1 SV sample on each side when SVI is suspected: a nodule at the base of prostate (determined by digital rectal examination or US) and/or an US pattern that suggests a SVI. US patterns of SVs were classified as abnormal by a variation of the body anterior-posterior diameter, asymmetry of the volume, parietal thickness, distance between the SVs and the rectal surface, and altered echogenicity of SVs and the base of the prostate. RESULTS Of the 137 biopsies performed in SVs, the SVI by PCa was diagnosed in 66.5% of candidate patients. The overall prevalence of SVI was 28.5%. No significant difference was noted between the patients with SVI and without SVI, when comparing age, prostate volume, and total core length, except for preoperative PSA serum levels. The sensitivity of any abnormal finding on transrectal ultrasound for the presence of SVI by PCa is 90.8%, whereas the specificity is 96%. CONCLUSIONS We believe that an extended prostate biopsy protocol to provide the possibility of taking one biopsy core of each SV when SVI is suspected should be considered a complementary procedure for PCa staging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucio Dell'Atti
- Department of Urology, University Hospital "St.Anna", 8 A. Moro Street, 44124, Ferrara, Cona, Italy.
| | - Andrea B Galosi
- Department of Urology, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
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Dagur G, Warren K, Suh Y, Singh N, Khan SA. Detecting diseases of neglected seminal vesicles using imaging modalities: A review of current literature. Int J Reprod Biomed 2016; 14:293-302. [PMID: 27326413 PMCID: PMC4910035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Seminal vesicles (SVs) are sex accessory organs and part of male genitourinary system. They play a critical role in male fertility. Diseases of the SVs, usually results in infertility. Diseases of the SVs are extremely rare and are infrequently reported in the literature. We address the current literature of SV pathologies, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. We review the clinical importance of SVs from PubMed. The current imaging modalities and instrumentation that help diagnose SV diseases are reviewed. Common pathologies including, infection, cysts, tumors, and congenital diseases of the SVs are addressed. Many times symptoms of hematospermia, pain, irritative and obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms, and infertility are presented in patients with SV diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Dagur
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, SUNY at Stony Brook, New York, USA.
| | - Kelly Warren
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, SUNY at Stony Brook, New York, USA.
| | - Yiji Suh
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, SUNY at Stony Brook, New York, USA.
| | - Navjot Singh
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, SUNY at Stony Brook, New York, USA.
| | - Sardar A. Khan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, SUNY at Stony Brook, New York, USA.,Department of Urology, SUNY at Stony Brook, New York, USA.
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Kim TH, Lee HH, Kim JM, Choi SD, Lee A, Hwang SY, Kim M, Kim YS, Yeom S. Expression of Vitamin D Receptor in Seminal Vesicles of Cholesterol Formula Mice. J Menopausal Med 2015; 21:89-92. [PMID: 26357646 PMCID: PMC4561746 DOI: 10.6118/jmm.2015.21.2.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Genomic function of vitamin D receptor (VDR) indicates spermatogenesis that is important for in male reproductive organ authors evaluated the VDR expression in seminal vesicles with high cholesterol (HC) formula diet rat, because there is no report about relationship or difference in VDR in seminal vesicles between HC and control. Methods Male C57BL/6 mice aged 5 weeks were raised for 13 weeks. After one week of adaptation-period, they were fed different diet on normal AIN-93G diet, or HC diet containing 2% cholesterol for 12 weeks. The antibodies used were rabbit anti-VDR primary polyclonal. Results There was no significant difference in VDR reactivity in seminal vesicles, body weight of rat and weight of seminal vesicles between HC group and normal control group. Conclusion Our data give the no difference in expression of VDR of seminal vesicles rat between HC formula diet and normal AIN-93G diet. But we confirmed the VDR expression in seminal vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Hee Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Hae-Hyeog Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Jun-Mo Kim
- Department of Urology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Seung Do Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Arum Lee
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Korea
| | - Sun Yong Hwang
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Korea
| | - Mijin Kim
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Korea
| | - Yeon-Suk Kim
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Korea
| | - SeungRae Yeom
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
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Panach-Navarrete J, García-Morata F, Hernández-Medina JA, Martínez-Jabaloyas JM. When to biopsy seminal vesicles. Actas Urol Esp 2015; 39:203-9. [PMID: 25466644 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuro.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The involvement of seminal vesicles in prostate cancer can affect the prognosis and determine the treatment. The objective of this study was to determine whether we could predict its infiltration at the time of the prostate biopsy to know when to indicate the biopsy of the seminal vesicles. MATERIAL AND METHODS observational retrospective study of 466 patients who underwent seminal vesicle biopsy. The indication for this biopsy was a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level greater than 10 ng/ml or an asymmetric or obliterated prostatoseminal angle. The following variables were included in the analysis: PSA level, PSA density, prostate volume, number of cores biopsied, suspicious rectal examination, and preservation of the prostatoseminal angle, studying its relationship with the involvement of the seminal vesicles. RESULTS Forty-one patients (8.8%) had infiltrated seminal vesicles and 425 (91.2%) had no involvement. In the univariate analysis, the cases with infiltration had a higher mean PSA level (P < .01) and PSA density (P < .01), as well as a lower mean prostate volume (P < .01). A suspicious rectal examination (20.7% of the infiltrated vesicles) and the obliteration or asymmetry of the prostatoseminal angle (33.3% of the infiltrated vesicles) were significantly related to the involvement (P < .01). In the multivariate analysis, we concluded that the probability of having infiltrated seminal vesicles is 5.19 times higher if the prostatoseminal angle is not preserved (P < .01), 4.65 times higher for PSA levels >19.60 ng/dL (P < .01) and 2.95 times higher if there is a suspicious rectal examination (P = .014). Furthermore, this probability increases by 1.04 times for each unit of prostate volume lower (P < .01). The ROC curves showed maximum sensitivity and specificity at 19.6 ng/mL for PSA and 0.39 for PSA density. CONCLUSIONS In this series, greater involvement of seminal vesicles was associated with a PSA level ≥20 ng/ml, a suspicious rectal examination and a lack of prostatoseminal angle preservation.
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Campi R, Serni S, Raspollini MR, Tuccio A, Siena G, Carini M, Minervini A. Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Vesiculectomy for Large Seminal Vesicle Cystadenoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2015; 13:e369-73. [PMID: 25862321 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Campi
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - Sergio Serni
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Agostino Tuccio
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Siena
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Carini
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Minervini
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Radha A, Sree S, Faisal K, Kumar GP, Oommen OV, Akbarsha MA. Antigenic homogeneity of male Müllerian gland (MG) secretory proteins of a caecilian amphibian with secretory proteins of the mammalian prostate gland and seminal vesicles: evidence for role of the caecilian MG as a male accessory reproductive gland. ZOOLOGY 2014; 117:319-28. [PMID: 25160003 DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2014.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Whereas in all other vertebrates the Müllerian ducts of genetic males are aborted during development, under the influence of Müllerian-inhibiting substance, in the caecilian amphibians they are retained as a pair of functional glands. It has long been speculated that the Müllerian gland might be the male accessory reproductive gland but there has been no direct evidence to this effect. The present study was undertaken to determine whether the caecilian Müllerian gland secretory proteins would bear antigenic similarity to secretory proteins of the prostate gland and/or the seminal vesicles of a mammal. The secretory proteins of the Müllerian gland of Ichthyophis tricolor were evaluated for cross-reactivity with antisera raised against rat ventral prostate and seminal vesicle secretory proteins, adopting SDS-PAGE, two-dimensional electrophoresis and immunoblot techniques. Indeed there was a cross-reaction of five Müllerian gland secretory protein fractions with prostatic protein antiserum and of three with seminal vesicle protein antiserum. A potential homology exists because in mammals the middle group of the prostate primordia is derived from a diverticulum of the Müllerian duct. Thus this study, by providing evidence for expression of prostatic and seminal vesicle proteins in the Müllerian gland, substantiates the point that in caecilians the Müllerian glands are the male accessory reproductive glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Radha
- Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India
| | - Sreesha Sree
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India
| | - Kunnathodi Faisal
- Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India
| | - G Pradeep Kumar
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India
| | - Oommen V Oommen
- Department of Zoology, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram 695581, India
| | - Mohammad A Akbarsha
- Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India.
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Sollini M, Silvotti M, Casali M, Giovanardi F, Zadro A, Froio A, Erba PA, Versari A. The role of imaging in the diagnosis of recurrence of primary seminal vesicle adenocarcinoma. World J Mens Health 2014; 32:61-5. [PMID: 24872954 PMCID: PMC4026236 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.2014.32.1.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary seminal vesicle (SV) adenocarcinoma is a rare tumor. A small amount of data about the role of imaging to detect tumor recurrence is available. We report the case of a 58-year-old patient with primary SV clear-cell well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. Clinical and instrumental examinations were negative for the 32 months after treatments when computed tomography scan, [18F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging showed the appearance of a lesion in the left perineal muscle suspected for recurrence. Patient was symptomless. Cytology of the suspected lesion confirmed SV adenocarcinoma recurrence. The combined approach, using radiological and nuclear medicine techniques, seems to be effective in the follow-up of SV adenocarcinoma. Technological advances, together with awareness of this rare tumor, have the potential of improving patients outcomes not only by providing earlier detection and accurate staging, but also by detecting recurrence and thereby avoiding delays and therapeutic dilemmas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Sollini
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Monica Silvotti
- Radiology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Casali
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Franco Giovanardi
- Radiology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alvise Zadro
- Oncology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Armando Froio
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Paola Anna Erba
- Regional Center of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Annibale Versari
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Majewska MM, Suszczynska A, Kotwica-Rolinska J, Czerwik T, Paterczyk B, Polanska MA, Bernatowicz P, Bebas P. Yolk proteins in the male reproductive system of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster: spatial and temporal patterns of expression. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 47:23-35. [PMID: 24556521 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In insects, spermatozoa develop in the testes as clones of single spermatogonia covered by specialized somatic cyst cells (cc). Upon completion of spermatogenesis, spermatozoa are released to the vas deferens, while the cc remain in the testes and die. In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, the released spermatozoa first reach the seminal vesicles (SV), the organ where post-testicular maturation begins. Here, we demonstrate the temporal (restricted to the evening and early night hours) accumulation of membranous vesicles containing proteins in the SV lumen of D. melanogaster. When SV vesicles were isolated from the semen and co-incubated with testis-derived spermatozoa in vitro, their contents bound to the spermatozoa along their tails. The proteins of the SV vesicles were then characterized using 2-D electrophoresis. We identified a prominent protein spot of around 45-47 kDa, which disappears from the SV vesicles in the night, i.e. shortly after they appear in the SV lumen. Sequencing of peptides derived from this spot by mass spectrometry revealed identity with three yolk proteins (YP1-3). This unexpected result was confirmed by western blotting, which demonstrated that SV vesicles contain proteins that are immunoreactive with an antibody against D. melanogaster YP1-3. The expression of all yp genes was shown to be a unique feature of testis tissues. Using RNA probes we found that their transcripts localize exclusively to the cc that cover fully developed spermatozoa in the distal part of each testis. Temporally, the expression of yp genes was found to be restricted to a short period during the day and is followed by the evening accumulation of YP proteins in the cc. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed that cc are the source of SV vesicles containing YPs that are released into the SV lumen. These vesicles interact with spermatozoa and as a result, YPs become extrinsic proteins of the sperm membrane. Thus, we describe for the first time the expression of yolk proteins in the male reproductive system of D. melanogaster under physiological conditions, and show that somatic cells of the testes are the source of these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena M Majewska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Zoological Institute, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa Str., 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Suszczynska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Zoological Institute, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa Str., 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Joanna Kotwica-Rolinska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Zoological Institute, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa Str., 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Czerwik
- Department of Animal Physiology, Zoological Institute, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa Str., 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Bohdan Paterczyk
- Laboratory of Electron and Confocal Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa Str., 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marta A Polanska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Zoological Institute, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa Str., 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Piotr Bernatowicz
- Department of Paleobiology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, CNBC (Cent 3), 101 Zwirki i Wigury Str., 02-089 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Piotr Bebas
- Department of Animal Physiology, Zoological Institute, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa Str., 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
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Sreenivasulu G, Pavani A, Sudhakumari CC, Dutta-Gupta A, Senthilkumaran B. Modulation of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2 synthase expression in catfish seminal vesicles by thyroid disrupting agents and hormones. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2013; 158:199-206. [PMID: 23973827 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones play crucial role in several biological processes including reproduction. Disruption of normal thyroid status by environmental contaminants can cause severe impairment in reproductive functions. In our previous study, we reported down-regulation of a protein in seminal vesicular fluid of air-breathing catfish, Clarias gariepinus during experimentally induced hyperthyroidism. N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis followed by search in sequence database denoted it to be lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2 synthase (ptgds-b). In the present study, we cloned full-length cDNA of ptgds-b based on the N-terminal amino acid sequence. Surprisingly, Northern blot as well as RT-PCR analysis demonstrated the presence of ptgds-b transcript predominantly in seminal vesicles and developing testis. Further, ptgds-b mRNA significantly decreased in seminal vesicles following L-thyroxine overdose while there was an increased expression of ptgds-b after depletion of thyroid hormone by thiourea and withdrawal of the treatments reverted this effect. Treatment of catfish with human chorionic gonadotropin and estradiol significantly reduced ptgds-b expression. Taken together, we report ptgds-b as a thyroid hormone regulated protein in the seminal vesicles in addition to gonadotropin and estradiol. Further studies might explain the exclusive presence of ptgds-b in seminal vesicles and developing testis yet present data evaluated it as a putative biomarker for thyroid hormone disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunti Sreenivasulu
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Life Sciences - Centre for Advanced Studies, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad 500 046, India
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Kaci-Ouchfoun N, Izemrane D, Boudrissa A, Gernigon T, Khammar F, Exbrayat JM. Transgelin: an androgen-dependent protein identified in the seminal vesicles of three Saharan rodents. Theriogenology 2013; 80:748-57. [PMID: 23906482 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Revised: 06/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
During the breeding season, a major androgen-dependent protein with an apparent molecular weight of 21 kDa was isolated and purified from the seminal vesicles of three Saharan rodents (MLVSP21 from Meriones libycus, MSVSP21 from Meriones shawi, and MCVSP21 from Meriones crassus). The 21-kDa protein was isolated and purified from soluble seminal vesicle proteins of homogenate by one-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Using polyclonal antibodies directed against POSVP21 (Psammomys obesus seminal vesicles protein of 21 kDa), a major androgen-dependent secretory protein from sand rat seminal vesicles, identified previously as transgelin, we showed an immunological homology with POSVP21 by immunoblotting. These three major androgen-dependent proteins with a same apparent molecular weight of 21 kDa designated as MLVSP21 (Meriones libycus seminal vesicles protein of 21 kDa), MSVSP21 (Meriones shawi seminal vesicles protein of 21 kDa), and MCVSP21 (Meriones crassus seminal vesicles protein of 21 kDa) were localized by immunohistochemistry and identified by applying a proteomic approach. Our results indicated that the isolated proteins MLSVP21, MSSVP21, and MCSVP21 seem to correspond to the same protein: the transgelin. So that transgelin can be used as a specific marker of these rodent physiological reproduction mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naïma Kaci-Ouchfoun
- Laboratory of Arid Areas, Biological Sciences Institute, USTHB, Algiers, Algeria.
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Mackern-Oberti JP, Motrich RD, Breser ML, Sánchez LR, Cuffini C, Rivero VE. Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the male genital tract: an update. J Reprod Immunol 2013; 100:37-53. [PMID: 23870458 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2013.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Revised: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is the most prevalent cause of sexually transmitted diseases. Although the prevalence of chlamydial infection is similar in men and women, current research and screening are still focused on women, who develop the most severe complications, leaving the study of male genital tract (MGT) infection underrated. Herein, we reviewed the literature on genital CT infection with special focus on the MGT. Data indicate that CT certainly infects different parts of the MGT such as the urethra, seminal vesicles, prostate, epididymis and testis. However, whether or not CT infection has detrimental effects on male fertility is still controversial. The most important features of CT infection are its chronic nature and the presence of a mild inflammation that remains subclinical in most individuals. Chlamydia antigens and pathogen recognition receptors (PRR), expressed on epithelial cells and immune cells from the MGT, have been studied in the last years. Toll-like receptor (TLR) expression has been observed in the testis, epididymis, prostate and vas deferens. It has been demonstrated that recognition of chlamydial antigens is associated with TLR2, TLR4, and possibly, other PRRs. CT recognition by PRRs induces a local production of cytokines/chemokines, which, in turn, provoke chronic inflammation that might evolve in the onset of an autoimmune process in genetically susceptible individuals. Understanding local immune response along the MGT, as well as the crosstalk between resident leukocytes, epithelial, and stromal cells, would be crucial in inducing a protective immunity, thus adding to the design of new therapeutic approaches to a Chlamydia vaccine.
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Choi SY, Lee HC, Song HG, Kim WJ, Lee OJ. Seminal vesicle involvement by urothelial carcinoma in situ of the bladder with mucosal spread pattern: a case report. Korean J Urol 2012; 53:368-70. [PMID: 22670198 PMCID: PMC3364478 DOI: 10.4111/kju.2012.53.5.368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal spreading of urothelial tumors to the seminal vesicles is very rare. We experienced a case of mucosal involvement of the seminal vesicles by a bladder tumor in a 72-year-old man. The patient had a history of transurethral resection for invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder 8 years previously. Radical cystoprostatectomy was performed owing to recurrent and multiple urothelial carcinoma in situ. Microscopically, the urothelial carcinoma in situ was throughout the mucosa of the urinary bladder, both ureters, the prostate, and the left seminal vesicle. To date, the implication of mucosal involvement of the seminal vesicles by urothelial carcinoma is unclear. However, careful microscopic examination is needed to avoid an erroneous diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Yi Choi
- Department of Pathology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
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Sarkar S, Bandyopadhyay PK, Mitra AK. On the occurrence of a gregarine parasite (Apicomplexa: Eugregarinorida) from the seminal vesicles of earthworms (Annelida: Oligochaeta) of Bangladesh. J Parasit Dis 2012; 36:44-8. [PMID: 23542711 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-011-0089-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In a survey of the endoparasitic acephaline gregarines in the Satkhira district of Bangladesh, seminal vesicles of earthworm, Metaphire posthuma were found to be infested with a new species of the genus Enterocystis Tsvetcov 1926, Enterocystis elongatum sp. nov. The new species is elongated and measures 55.3-87.8 (67.7 ± 10.3) μm in length and 33.2-37.8 (35.7 ± 1.6) μm in width. Nucleus ovoid and measures 4.4-8.8 (6.6 ± 2.2) μm in length and 4.4-6.6 (5.3 ± 1.1) μm in width. Gametocyst with two unequal sized gametocytes and measures 88.4-101.7 μm (97.9 ± 4.8) μm in length and 77.6-95.0 (86.9 ± 7.7) μm in width. Oocysts ellipsoidal and measure 13.7-19.9 (16.7 ± 2.6) μm in length and 6.6-8.8 (7.6 ± 1.1) μm in width. Prominent association or syzygy is present in life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutapa Sarkar
- Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235 West Bengal India
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Terada T. Monstrous epithelial cell clusters in the seminal vesicle. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2011; 4:727-730. [PMID: 22076175 PMCID: PMC3209615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2011] [Accepted: 09/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A 60-year-old man presented with dysuria and elevated PSA (6.95 ng/ml). Needle biopsies of the prostate revealed well differentiated adenocarcinoma of Gleason's score 6. Prostatectomy and bilateral seminal vesiculotomy were performed. The material was totally cut into 16 preparations. The prostate showed well differentiated adenocarcinoma. The left seminal vesicle showed intraluminal monstrous large epithelial cells with acidophilic cytoplasm and hyperchromatic nuclei, simulating carcinoma cells. Lipochrome pigment was present in the monstrous cells, and some monstrous cells showed large bizarre nuclei. Such monstrous cells were also present in the mucosal seminal vesicle epithelium, and gradual merge between the intraluminal and mucosal monstorous epithelium. Immunohistochemically, the monstrous epithelial cells showed the following reactions: pancytokeratin (AE1/3, CAM5.2) +, cytokeratin (CK) 5/6 +, CK34βE12 -, CK7 +, CK8 -, CK14 -, CK18 +, CK19+, CK20 -, Ki-67 0%, p53 -, P63 -, NSE -, CEA -, EMA -, CA19-9 -, ER -, PgR -, HER2 -, HepPar1 -, CD34 -, CD10 +, PSA -, AMACR -, Desmin -, ASMA -, CD68 -, S100 -, CD45 -, synaptopysin -, TTF-1 -, CDX-2 -, MUC1 -, MUC2 -, MUC5AC - MUC6 +, CD56 -, PAS -, dPAS -, and alcian blue +. The immunoprofile of normal seminal vesicle epithelium was as follows: pancytokeratin (AE1/3, CAM5.2) +++, cy-tokeratin (CK) 5/6 +++, CK34βE12 -, CK7 +++, CK8 +, CK14 -, CK18 +++, CK19, +++, CK20 -, KI-67 1%, p53 -, P63 +++, NSE -, CEA - EMA -, CA19-9 -, ER -, PgR -, HER2 +, HepPar1 -, CD34 -, CD10 +, PSA -, AMACR -, Desmin -, ASMA -, CD68 -, S100 - , CD45 -, synaptopysin -, TTF-1 -, CDX-2 -, MUC1 -, MUC2 -, MUC5AC -, MUC6 +++, CD56 -, PAS -, dPAS -, and alcian blue +. That is, the immunophenotype was very similar but much weaker in monstrous cells than in normal seminal vesicle epithelium. These findings suggest that the monstrous seminal vesicle epithelial cells are degenerative changes. The monstrous epithelial cells should not be mistaken for carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Terada
- Departments of Pathology, Shizuoka City Shimizu Hospital Shizuoka, Japan.
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Jang KD, Choi KH, Yang SC, Jang WS, Jang JY, Han WK. Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) for excision of a seminal vesicle cyst associated with ipsilateral renal agenesis. Korean J Urol 2011; 52:431-3. [PMID: 21755023 PMCID: PMC3123823 DOI: 10.4111/kju.2011.52.6.431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Accepted: 04/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case of laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) for a symptomatic left seminal vesicular cyst and ipsilateral renal agenesis. A 49-year-old man presented with a 1-year history of severe irritation upon voiding and intractable, recurrent hematospermia. A computed tomography scan showed a 68×41×38 mm sized left seminal vesicular cyst with ipsilateral renal agenesis. LESS was performed successfully to treat the seminal vesicle cyst. The total operative time was 125 minutes, and blood loss was minimal. The patient was discharged from the hospital on the second postoperative day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Don Jang
- Department of Urology, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea
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Gofrit ON, Zorn KC, Taxy JB, Zagaja GP, Steinberg GD, Shalhav AL. The dimensions and symmetry of the seminal vesicles. J Robot Surg 2009; 3:29-33. [PMID: 27628450 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-009-0134-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2008] [Accepted: 02/12/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The traditional anatomical description of the seminal vesicles is based on autopsy and imaging studies. Trans-peritoneal robotic-assisted laproscopic surgery, with its three-dimensional magnified view and miniature articulated working instruments, provides an opportunity to perform accurate dissections of the seminal vesicles even when extremely long and tortuous. We used specimens obtained by robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RLRP) for accurate anatomic assessment of the dimensions of the seminal vesicles. Digital photos of 78 specimens from men (mean age 59 ± 6.1 years) who underwent RLRP were analyzed using the Image Pro Plus software. Seminal vesicle dimensions were correlated with patients' age, weight, height, prostate weight, sexual function profile (SHIM) and symptom severity score of the lower urinary tract symptoms (IPSS). We found that the length of the seminal vesicles is highly variable (range of 8.5-94.6 mm). The average seminal vesicle length was 31 ± 10.3 mm and its average volume 7.1 ± 5.2 ml. The right seminal vesicle was significantly larger than the left in length, width and volume (P < 0.003). The seminal vesicles were found to be highly asymmetric with a mean difference of 17.8% in length and 24.9% in width between the sides. No correlation between seminal vesicle dimensions and any of the parameters tested was found. We concluded that the normal human seminal vesicles are characterized by marked (11-fold) variation in length and are asymmetric in most patients. The right seminal vesicle is significantly larger than the left. Seminal vesicle dimensions cannot be predicted from other morphometric or physiologic parameters.
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Kalan S, Coughlin G, Palmer KJ, Patel VR. Robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: an athermal anterior approach to the seminal vesicle dissection. J Robot Surg 2008; 2:223-6. [PMID: 27637791 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-008-0117-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2008] [Accepted: 10/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The seminal vesicles, particularly the lateral aspect and tips, are among the closest structures to the cavernous nerves and pelvic plexus. Given this proximity it is essential that the seminal vesicle dissection be performed in an athermal and atraumatic fashion during robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP). Traditionally the seminal vesicle dissection during RALP is performed by dividing the vas deferens and following it proximally to locate the tip of the seminal vesicle. Here we describe a modification to the traditional anterior approach to seminal vesicle dissection. Our modification allows the dissection to be performed athermally and efficiently with use of minimal traction. The dissection proceeds medially between the two terminal vas deferens to identify the medial surface of one of the seminal vesicles. This medial surface is avascular and can be developed easily along the length of the vesicle using blunt dissection. Once its tip is identified it is elevated with the fourth arm medially between the two vas deferens. The ipsilateral vas can then be clipped and divided below the level of the elevated seminal vesicle. The vascular supply to the seminal vesicle is then simply identified entering the lateral aspect of its tip. A hemolock clip is placed directly beneath the tip of the seminal vesicle to control its vasculature. The remainder of the dissection can be performed with sharp dissection. Using this technique the seminal vesicle can be excised entirely with minimal traction and no thermal energy. By elevating the tip medially away from the location of the pelvic plexus and cavernous nerves, inadvertent damage to these neural structures is avoided when placing the hemolock clips.
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