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Zhou Z, Li Q, Su G, Pang J, Sun B, Meng J, Shi B. Catalytic degradation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) over Ce-Mn-Ti composite oxide catalysts. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 138:326-338. [PMID: 38135400 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Developing industrially moldable catalysts with harmonized redox performance and acidity is of great significance for the efficient disposal of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) in actual exhaust gasses. Here, commercial TiO2, typically used for molding catalysts, was chosen as the carrier to fabricate a series of Ce0.02Mn0-0.24TiOx materials with different Mn doping ratios and employed for chlorobenzene (CB) destruction. The introduction of Mn remarkedly facilitated the synergistic effect of each element via the electron transfer processes: Ce3++Mn4+/3+↔Ce4++Mn3+/2+ and Mn4+/3++Ti4+↔Mn3+/2++Ti3+. These synergistic interactions in Ce0.02Mn0.04-0.24TiOx, especially Ce0.02Mn0.16TiOx, significantly elevated the active oxygen species, oxygen vacancies and redox properties, endowing the superior catalytic oxidation of CB. When the Mn doping amount increased to 0.24, a separate Mn3O4 phase appeared, which in turn might weaken the synergistic effect. Furthermore, the acidity of Ce0.02Mn0.04-0.24TiOx was decreased with the Mn doping, regulating the balance of redox property and acidity. Notably, Ce0.02Mn0.16TiOx featured relatively abundant B-acid sites. Its coordinating redox ability and moderate acidity promoted the deep oxidation of CB and RCOOH- intermediates, as well as the rapid desorption of Cl species, thus obtaining sustainable reactivity. In comparison, CeTiOx owned the strongest acidity, however, its poor redox property was not sufficient for the timely oxidative decomposition of the easier adsorbed CB, resulting in its rapid deactivation. This finding provides a promising strategy for the construction of efficient commercial molding catalysts to decompose the industrial-scale CVOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Zhou
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Guijin Su
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiaxin Pang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bohua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Meng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Tian S, Yu X, Wu L, Zheng H, Zhong X, Xie Y, Wu W. Vitamin B 6 and folate intake are associated with lower risk of severe headache or migraine in adults: An analysis based on NHANES 1999-2004. Nutr Res 2024; 121:51-60. [PMID: 38042023 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that B vitamins can relieve migraine. However, the association between vitamin B6 and folate, 2 important B vitamins consumed in the diet, with migraine have received minimal attention. This study explored the independent relationships between dietary vitamin B6 and folate intake with migraine and the interaction effect of these 2 nutrients on migraine in US adults. We hypothesized that vitamin B6 and folate intake would be inversely associated with migraine. This study included cross-sectional data from participants aged 20 years and older who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2004. We conducted multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline regression to explore the association between dietary vitamin B6 and folate intake on migraine. Also, relative excess risk due to interaction, attributable proportion of interaction, and synergy index were used to assess additive interactions. A total of 7017 participants were included in this study, 1350 of whom were migraineurs. We determined that vitamin B6 and folate intake revealed a negative association with severe headache or migraine (0.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.47-0.89; P = .01 and 0.57; 95% CI, 0.42-0.78; P = .002]), respectively. Also, a significant interaction effect between a high mass of vitamin B6 and folate intake was observed for a lower risk of migraine (relative excess risk due to interaction, 0.28 [95% CI, 0.05-0.51]; attributable proportion of interaction: 0.45 [95% CI, 0.05-0.86]; synergy index: 0.58 [95% CI, 0.40-0.83]). A high mass of vitamin B6 and folate intake (vitamin B6 intake ≥ 2.39 mg/day and folate intake ≥ 502.01 µg/day) presented a synergistic interaction with migraine, suggesting that these 2 nutrients might be beneficial in preventing migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Tian
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, P.R. China; Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xinping Yu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, P.R. China; Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, P.R. China
| | - Lanxiang Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, P.R. China; Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, P.R. China
| | - Heqing Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, P.R. China; Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xianhui Zhong
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, P.R. China; Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yonggang Xie
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, P.R. China; Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, P.R. China; Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, P.R. China.
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Burton R, Fryers PT, Sharpe C, Clarke Z, Henn C, Hydes T, Marsden J, Pearce-Smith N, Sheron N. The independent and joint risks of alcohol consumption, smoking, and excess weight on morbidity and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis exploring synergistic associations. Public Health 2024; 226:39-52. [PMID: 38000113 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alcohol consumption, smoking, and excess weight independently increase the risk of morbidity/mortality. Less is known about how they interact. This research aims to quantify the independent and joint associations of these exposures across health outcomes and identify whether these associations are synergistic. STUDY DESIGN The protocol for this systematic review and meta-analysis was pre-registered (PROSPERO CRD42021231443). METHODS Medline and Embase were searched between 1 January 2010 and 9 February 2022. Eligible peer-reviewed observational studies had to include adult participants from Organisation for Co-Operation and Development countries and report independent and joint associations between at least two eligible exposures (alcohol, smoking, and excess weight) and an ICD-10 outcome (or equivalent). For all estimates, we calculated the synergy index (SI) to identify whether joint associations were synergistic. Meta-analyses were conducted for outcomes with sufficiently homogenous data. RESULTS The search returned 26,290 studies, of which 98 were included. Based on 138,130 participants, the combined effect (SI) of alcohol and smoking on head and neck cancer death/disease was 3.78 times greater than the additive effect of each exposure (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.61, 5.48). Based on 2,603,939 participants, the combined effect of alcohol and excess weight on liver disease/death was 1.55 times greater than the additive effect of each exposure (95% CI = 1.33, 1.82). CONCLUSION Synergistic associations suggest the true population-level risk may be underestimated. In the absence of bias, individuals with multiple risks would experience a greater absolute risk reduction from an intervention that targets a single exposure than individuals with a single risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Burton
- Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID), London, England, United Kingdom; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, England, United Kingdom.
| | - P T Fryers
- Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID), London, England, United Kingdom
| | - C Sharpe
- Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID), London, England, United Kingdom
| | - Z Clarke
- Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID), London, England, United Kingdom
| | - C Henn
- Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID), London, England, United Kingdom
| | - T Hydes
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University Hospital Aintree NHS Foundation Trust, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, England, United Kingdom
| | - J Marsden
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, England, United Kingdom
| | - N Pearce-Smith
- Knowledge and Library Services, UK Health Security Agency, London, England, United Kingdom
| | - N Sheron
- Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID), London, England, United Kingdom; Institute of Liver Studies, Kings College London School of Medicine at King's College Hospital, London, England, United Kingdom
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Lafi O, Essid R, Lachaud L, Jimenez C, Rodríguez J, Ageitos L, Mhamdi R, Abaza L. Synergistic antileishmanial activity of erythrodiol, uvaol, and oleanolic acid isolated from olive leaves of cv. Chemlali. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:395. [PMID: 37970450 PMCID: PMC10643720 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03825-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the antileishmanial activity of biomolecules obtained from Olea europaea L. leaves and twigs recovered from eight Tunisian cultivars. The extraction was first carried out with 80% methanol, and then the obtained extract was fractionated using three solvents of increasing polarity: cyclohexane (CHX), dichloromethane (DCM) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc). The antileishmanial activity was determined against leishmanial strains responsible for cutaneous, visceral, and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. The cyclohexane fraction of the leaves of cv. Chemlali from the region of Sidi-Bouzid exhibited the strongest leishmanicidal activity against all the tested leishmanial strains. The inhibition concentrations (IC50) were 16.5, 14.5, and 7.4 μg mL-1 for Leishmania mexicana (cutaneous), Leishmania braziliensis (mucocutaneous), and Leishmania donovani (visceral), respectively. Interestingly, low cytotoxicity was observed on THP-1 cells with selective indexes (SI) ranging from 22.8 to 50.5. HPLC-HRMS and full-house NMR analysis allowed the identification of three triterpenic compounds, oleanolic acid (IC50 = 64.1 μg mL-1), erythrodiol (IC50 = 52.0 µg mL-1), and uvaol (IC50 = 53.8 μg mL-1). Antileishmanial activity of uvaol and oleanolic acid has been previously reported. However, this work constitutes the first report of the antileishmanial activity of erythrodiol which showed combinatorial interaction with uvaol (IC50 = 26.1 μg mL-1) against Leishmania tropica. The mixture of the three compounds, as major ones, exhibited an enhanced activity against Leishmania tropica (IC50 = 16.3 µg mL-1) compared to erythrodiol alone or the combination of uvaol and erythrodiol. This finding is of great importance and needs further investigation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03825-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oumayma Lafi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Olive, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
- Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences of Tunis, The University of Tunis El Manar, 20 Street of Tolede, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rym Essid
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Laurence Lachaud
- UMR, Univ Montpellier (IRD-CNRS), MIVEGEC, Montpellier, France
- Department of Parasitology-Mycology, CHU Montpellier, 39 Av. Charles Flahault, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Carlos Jimenez
- CICA-Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía, Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Jaime Rodríguez
- CICA-Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía, Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Lucía Ageitos
- CICA-Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía, Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ridha Mhamdi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Olive, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Leila Abaza
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Olive, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
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Huang CN, Chen YM, Xiao XY, Zhou HL, Zhu J, Qin HM, Jiang X, Li Z, Zhuang T, Zhang GS. Pregabalin can interact synergistically with Kv7 channel openers to exert antinociception in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2023:175870. [PMID: 37353189 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pain is a common public health problem and remains an unmet medical need. Currently available analgesics usually have limited efficacy for the treatment of chronic pain, including neuropathic pain and persistent inflammatory pain, or they are accompanied by many adverse side effects. The voltage-gated calcium channel blocker (pregabalin) and potassium channel openers (flupirtine and retigabine) have been widely used for the management of chronic pain, but their effectiveness in combination is unclear. In this research, we evaluated the antinociceptive effects of pregabalin in combination with flupirtine or retigabine in carrageenan-induced inflammatory pain and paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy in mice using the von Frey test. Isobolographic analysis indicated that pregabalin exerted synergistic antinociceptive effects when combined with flupirtine or retigabine in neuropathic and inflammatory pain models. Furthermore, the antinociceptive effects of pregabalin, flupirtine/retigabine, and their combinations were significantly attenuated by the Kv7 channel blocker XE991. The favored dose ratio between pregabalin and flupirtine/retigabine in combinations was also investigated. Finally, we evaluated the motor coordination of their combinations using the rotarod test, and the outcomes underpinned their safety. Collectively, our results support the potential use of pregabalin in combination with flupirtine or retigabine to alleviate chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Nan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Yan-Ming Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Xin-Yi Xiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Hui-Ling Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Hui-Min Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Zongzheng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Tao Zhuang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
| | - Gui-Sen Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
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Jorissen S, Janssens L, Verheyen J, Stoks R. Synergistic survival-related effects of larval exposure to an aquatic pollutant and food stress get stronger during and especially after metamorphosis and shape fitness of terrestrial adults. Environ Pollut 2023; 326:121471. [PMID: 36958652 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
To improve the ecological risk assessment of aquatic pollutants it is needed to study their effects not only in the aquatic larval stage, but also in the terrestrial adult stage of the many animals with a complex life cycle. This remains understudied, especially with regard to interactive effects between aquatic pollutants and natural abiotic stressors. We studied effects of exposure to the pesticide DNP (2,4-Dinitrophenol) and how these were modulated by limited food availability in the aquatic larvae, and the possible delayed effects in the terrestrial adults of the damselfly Lestes viridis. Our results revealed that DNP and low food each had large negative effects on the life history, behaviour and to a lesser extent on the physiology of not only the larvae, but also the adults. Food limitation magnified the negative effects of DNP as seen by a strong decline in larval survival, metamorphosis success and adult lifespan. Notably, the synergism between the aquatic pollutant and food limitation for survival-related traits was stronger in the non-exposed adults than in the exposed larvae, likely because metamorphosis is stressful itself. Our results highlight that identifying effects of aquatic pollutants and synergisms with natural abiotic stressors, not only in the aquatic larval but also in the terrestrial adult stage, is crucial to fully assess the ecological impact of aquatic pollutants and to reveal the impact on the receiving terrestrial ecosystem through a changed aquatic-terrestrial subsidy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Jorissen
- Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, University of Leuven, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Lizanne Janssens
- Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, University of Leuven, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julie Verheyen
- Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, University of Leuven, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robby Stoks
- Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, University of Leuven, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
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Ahmad Ansari F, Ahmad I, Pichtel J. Synergistic effects of biofilm-producing PGPR strains on wheat plant colonization, growth and soil resilience under drought stress. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103664. [PMID: 37213696 PMCID: PMC10193011 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought stress substantially impedes crop productivity throughout the world. Microbial based approaches have been considered a potential possibility and are under study. Based on our prior screening examination, two distinct and novel biofilm-forming PGPR strains namely Bacillus subtilis-FAB1 and Pseudomonas azotoformans-FAP3 are encompassed in this research. Bacterial biofilm development on glass surface, microtiter plate and seedling roots were assessed and characterized quantitatively and qualitatively by light and scanning electron microscopy. Above two isolates were further evaluated for their consistent performance by inoculating on wheat plants in a pot-soil system under water stresses. Bacterial moderate tolerance to ten-day drought was recorded on the application of individual strains with wheat plants; however, the FAB1 + FAP3 consortium expressively improved wheat survival during drought. The strains FAB1 and FAP3 displayed distinct and multifunctional plant growth stimulating attributes as well as effective roots and rhizosphere colonization in combination which could provide sustained wheat growth during drought. FAB1 and FAP3-induced alterations cooperatively conferred improved plant drought tolerance by controlling physiological traits (gs, Ci, E, iWUE and PN), stress indicators (SOD, CAT, GR, proline and MDA content) and also maintained physico-chemical attributes and hydrolytic enzymes including DHA, urease, ALP, protease, ACP and β glucosidase in the soil. Our findings could support future efforts to enhance plant drought tolerance by engineering the rhizobacterial biofilms and associated attributes which requires in-depth exploration and exploiting potential native strains for local agricultural application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firoz Ahmad Ansari
- Biofilm Research Lab., Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
- Corresponding author at: Department of Agricultural Microbiology Faculty of Agricultural Sciences AMU, Aligarh, India.
| | - Iqbal Ahmad
- Biofilm Research Lab., Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - John Pichtel
- Department of Environment, Geology and Natural Resources, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306, USA
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Chen Y, Xiao X, Huang C, Zhu J, Zhou H, Qin H, Bao Y, Zhuang T, Zhang G. Flupirtine and antihistamines exert synergistic anti-nociceptive effects in mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023; 240:881-897. [PMID: 36752814 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06329-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Drug combinations are commonly used in pain management, which can produce potent analgesic effects with reduced dosage and adverse effects. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to evaluate the anti-nociceptive effects and adverse effects of new combinations of flupirtine (a Kv7 potassium channel opener) and antihistamines (promethazine, fexofenadine) on acute and chronic pain in mice, and the possible mechanisms behind the synergistic analgesic effects were preliminarily investigated. METHODS In acetic acid writhing test, carrageenan-induced inflammatory pain model, and paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain model, the interaction indexes (γ) between flupirtine and antihistamines were determined by isobolographic analysis. Furthermore, the Kv7 channel blocker XE991 was used to determine whether the effects of single agents and drug combinations on paclitaxel- and carrageenan-induced mechanical allodynia were mediated by Kv7 channels. Finally, hepatotoxicity markers, liver histopathology, and the rotarod test were used to investigate the adverse effects of drugs in combination doses. RESULTS The interaction indexes of flupirtine-promethazine and flupirtine-fexofenadine in all the above three pain models were lower than 1. The analgesic effects of flupirtine (13 mg/kg), promethazine (5 mg/kg), fexofenadine (20 mg/kg), and their combinations were antagonized significantly by XE991 (3 mg/kg). And the adverse effects of flupirtine and antihistamines in combination doses were not significantly different from the vehicle group. CONCLUSIONS Flupirtine and antihistamines produced synergistic analgesic effects in all the above pain models. The analgesic effects of antihistamines were partially mediated by Kv7/M channels, and the activation of Kv7/M channels may be partly responsible for the synergistic analgesic effects between flupirtine and antihistamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanming Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Xinyi Xiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Chaonan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Huiling Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Huimin Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Yu Bao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Tao Zhuang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China. .,Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
| | - Guisen Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China. .,Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
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Wang Y, Slotsbo S, Damgaard CF, Holmstrup M. Influence of Soil Moisture on Bioaccumulation, Growth, and Recruitment of Folsomia candida Exposed to Phenanthrene-Polluted Soil. Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:3085-3094. [PMID: 36790897 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c07497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate change has resulted in an increased occurrence of summer droughts in large parts of the world. Low soil moisture has marked impacts on the physiology of soil invertebrates and lowers degradation rates of organic contaminants in soil. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are hydrophobic contaminants that readily accumulate in the lipids of soil organisms. Here, we exposed springtails (Collembola, small soil living arthropods) to phenanthrene (a common PAH) in combination with a range of soil water contents to investigate the combined effects of these factors on the bioaccumulation, survival, recruitment, and body growth in a full factorial experiment. The results showed that phenanthrene up to 60 mg/kg dry soil had moderate effects on survival (<20%), whereas dry soil (4% soil water content) caused approximately 60% mortality. The bioaccumulation of phenanthrene increased almost 3-fold when soil water content decreased from 22 to 4%. We observed a joint effect of low soil water content and phenanthrene on recruitment, suggesting a synergistic interaction. The recruitment EC50 values of phenanthrene decreased from approximately 40 mg/kg dry soil at 22% soil water content to approximately 10 mg/kg dry soil at 12% soil water content. Our results show that the effects of phenanthrene are more pronounced in dry soil partly because bioaccumulation is enhanced when soils become dry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Section for Terrestrial Ecology, Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Building 1120, C.F. Møllers Allé 4, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Stine Slotsbo
- Section for Terrestrial Ecology, Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Building 1120, C.F. Møllers Allé 4, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Christian Frølund Damgaard
- Section for Terrestrial Ecology, Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Building 1120, C.F. Møllers Allé 4, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Martin Holmstrup
- Section for Terrestrial Ecology, Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Building 1120, C.F. Møllers Allé 4, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Tang X, Zhang Y, Lei Y, Liu Y, Yi H, Gao F. Promotional catalytic activity and reaction mechanism of Ag-modified Ce 0.6Zr 0.4O 2 catalyst for catalytic oxidation of ammonia. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 124:491-504. [PMID: 36182157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ce1-xZrxO2 composite oxides (molar, x = 0-1.0, interval of 0.2) were prepared by a cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-assisted precipitation method. The enhancement of silver-species modification and catalytic mechanism of adsorption-transformation-desorption process were investigated over the Ag-impregnated catalysts for low-temperature selective catalytic oxidation of ammonia (NH3-SCO). The optimal 5 wt.% Ag/Ce0.6Zr0.4O2 catalyst presented good NH3-SCO performance with >90% NH3 conversion at temperature (T) ≥ 250°C and 89% N2 selectivity. Despite the irregular block shape and underdeveloped specific surface area (∼60 m2/g), the naked and Ag-modified Ce0.6Zr0.4O2 solid solution still obtained highly dispersed distribution of surface elements analyzed by scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS) (mapping), N2 adsorption-desorption test and X-ray diffraction (XRD). H2 temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results indicated that Ag-modification enhanced the mobility and activation of oxygen-species leading to a promotion on CeO2 reducibility and synergistic Ag0/Ag+ and Ce4+/Ce3+ redox cycles. Besides, Ag+/Ag2O clusters could facilitate the formation of surface oxygen vacancies that was beneficial to the adsorption and activation of ammonia. NH3-temperature programmed desorption (NH3-TPD) showed more adsorption-desorption capacity to ammonia were provided by physical, weak- and medium-strong acid sites. Diffused reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) experiments revealed the activation of ammonia might be the control step of NH3-SCO procedure, during which NH3 dehydrogenation derived from NHx-species and also internal selective catalytic reduction (i-SCR) reactions were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Tang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yaru Lei
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Honghong Yi
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fengyu Gao
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing 100083, China.
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11
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Tang WH, Yu TH, Lee HL, Lee YJ. Interactive effects of intrinsic capacity and obesity on the KDIGO chronic kidney disease risk classification in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:1. [PMID: 36588165 PMCID: PMC9806894 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00975-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrinsic capacity (IC) is a novel concept focusing on normal and healthy aging. The effect of IC on the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) according to KDIGO category in older type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients has rarely been studied. We investigated whether a decline in IC is associated with the risk of CKD according to KDIGO 2012 categories. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study. The exposure variables (IC score and body mass index) and outcome variable (KDIGO categories of the risk of CKD) were collected at the same timepoint. A total of 2482 older subjects with T2DM managed through a disease care program were enrolled. The five domains of IC, namely locomotion, cognition, vitality, sensory, and psychological capacity were assessed. Based on these domains, the IC composite score was calculated. CKD risk was classified according to the KDIGO 2012 CKD definition. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess the association between IC score and KDIGO categories of risk of CKD. RESULTS The KDIGO CKD risk category increased in parallel with IC score (p for trend < 0.0001). In multivariate analysis, compared to those with an IC score 0, the odds ratio of having a KDIGO moderately increased to very high risk category of CKD was 1.76 (1.31-2.37) times higher for those with an IC score of 2-5. Furthermore, an increased IC score was associated with a higher prevalence of moderate and severe obesity. Moreover, there was a synergistic interaction between IC score and obesity on the KDIGO moderately increased to very high risk category of CKD (synergy index = 1.683; 95% CI 0.630-3.628), and the proportion of the KDIGO moderately increased to very high risk category of CKD caused by this interaction was 25.6% (attributable proportion of interaction = 0.256). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that IC score may be closely related to the KDIGO moderately increased to very high risk category of CKD. In addition, there may be a synergistic interaction between IC score and obesity, and this synergistic interaction may increase the KDIGO CKD risk stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hua Tang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Yuli Branch, Hualien, 98142 Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304 Taiwan
| | - Teng-Hung Yu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Hui-Lan Lee
- Health Promotion Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, 10320 Taiwan
| | - Yau-Jiunn Lee
- Lee’s Endocrinologic Clinic, No. 130 Min-Tzu Rd, Pingtung, 90000 Taiwan
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Liang Y, Zhou X, Wu Y, Wu Y, Gao S, Zeng X, Yu Z. Rhizobiales as the Key Member in the Synergistic Tris (2-chloroethyl) Phosphate (TCEP) Degradation by Two Bacterial Consortia. Water Res 2022; 218:118464. [PMID: 35461102 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) is of growing concern because of its ubiquitous occurrence, potential toxicity, and persistence in the environment. In this study, two efficient TCEP degradation consortia (AT1 and AT3) were developed and were able to completely hydrolyze TCEP within 20-25 h. Rhizobiales was identified as the key degrader in both consortia, because Rhizobiales-related phosphoesterase genes were enriched by one to two orders of magnitude when the carbon source was changed from acetate to TCEP. In addition, the increase in Rhizobiales abundance was related to the development of TCEP degradation. The isolation of Xanthobacter strains confirmed the efficient TCEP and bis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCEP) degradation of Rhizobiales. The higher abundances of phosphoesterase genes affiliated with Rhizobiales genera (Bradyrhizobium and Ancylobacter), Cytophagales genus (Spirosoma), Sphingobacteriales genus (Pedobacter), and Burkholderia genus (Methylibium), may be related to the faster TCEP degradation in AT3, while the higher abundance of Rhizobiales genus (Hyphomicrobium)-related phosphodiesterase (PDE) genes may contribute to the faster BCEP degradation in AT1. The stepwise hydrolysis of TCEP was likely catalyzed by different bacterial guilds, which was confirmed by the coculture of TCEP- and BCEP-degrading isolates and highlighted the importance of synergistic interactions during TCEP degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yiding Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Shutao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiangying Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Vasquez MC, Houston CT, Alcantar CY, Milshteyn L, Brazil CA, Zepeda OG. Interactive effects of multiple stressors on the physiological performance of the invasive mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Mar Environ Res 2022; 178:105665. [PMID: 35644077 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The invasive mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis is a heat-tolerant species relative to its competative congener M. trossulus, that dominates warm seawater environments but it is unknown how multiple stressors (MS) may affect its physiology. Our study determined the effects of MS on the metabolic rate (MR), superoxide dismutase (SOD) antioxidant enzyme activity, and clearance rate (CR) of M. galloprovincialis. Mussels were exposed for 7 d to hyposalinity (20, 28, 34 ppt) then to heat shock (17, 20, 25 °C) after which MR and SOD activity were determined. CR was quantified following a 30 min MS exposure. We found a significant influence of MS on MR, SOD, and CR. We identified synergistic effects on MR under the most extreme treatment. SOD activity was the greatest under 20 °C exposure while CR declined under heat shock. Thus, our study suggests that mussels experiencing MS may become energy limited as MR increases and feeding rates decrease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Christina Vasquez
- Biology Department, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA, 90045, USA; Coastal Research Institute, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA, 90045, USA.
| | - Clare T Houston
- Biology Department, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA, 90045, USA
| | - Claribel Y Alcantar
- Biology Department, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA, 90045, USA; Coastal Research Institute, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA, 90045, USA
| | - Larry Milshteyn
- Biology Department, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA, 90045, USA
| | - Camya A Brazil
- Biology Department, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA, 90045, USA
| | - Osiris Guinea Zepeda
- Biology Department, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA, 90045, USA; Coastal Research Institute, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA, 90045, USA
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Meng S, Delnat V, Stoks R. Multigenerational effects modify the tolerance of mosquito larvae to chlorpyrifos but not to a heat spike and do not change their synergism. Environ Pollut 2022; 292:118333. [PMID: 34637829 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
While interactions with global warming and multigenerational effects are considered crucial to improve risk assessment of pesticides, these have rarely been studied in an integrated way. While heat extremes can magnify pesticide toxicity, no studies tested how their combined effects may transmit to the next generation. We exposed mosquito larvae in a full factorial, two-generation experiment to a heat spike followed by chlorpyrifos exposure. As expected, the heat spike magnified the chlorpyrifos-induced lethal and sublethal effects within both generations. Only when preceded by the heat spike, chlorpyrifos increased mortality and reduced the population growth rate. Moreover, chlorpyrifos-induced reductions in heat tolerance (CTmax), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and development time were further magnified by the heat spike. Notably, when parents were exposed to chlorpyrifos, the chlorpyrifos-induced lethal and sublethal effects in the offspring were smaller, indicating increased tolerance to chlorpyrifos. In contrast, there was no such multigenerational effect for the heat spike. Despite the adaptive multigenerational effect to the pesticide, the synergism with the heat spike was still present in the offspring generation. Generally, our results provide important evidence that short exposure to pulse-like global change stressors can strongly affect organisms within and across generations, and highlight the importance of considering multigenerational effects in risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shandong Meng
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, University of Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Vienna Delnat
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robby Stoks
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, University of Leuven, Belgium
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Jiang H, Yan L, Zhang S, Zhao Y, Yang X, Wang Y, Shen J, Zhao X, Wang L. Electrochemical Surface Restructuring of Phosphorus-Doped Carbon@MoP Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution. Nanomicro Lett 2021; 13:215. [PMID: 34676473 PMCID: PMC8531175 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-021-00737-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) through electrocatalysis is promising for the production of clean hydrogen fuel. However, designing the structure of catalysts, controlling their electronic properties, and manipulating their catalytic sites are a significant challenge in this field. Here, we propose an electrochemical surface restructuring strategy to design synergistically interactive phosphorus-doped carbon@MoP electrocatalysts for the HER. A simple electrochemical cycling method is developed to tune the thickness of the carbon layers that cover on MoP core, which significantly influences HER performance. Experimental investigations and theoretical calculations indicate that the inactive surface carbon layers can be removed through electrochemical cycling, leading to a close bond between the MoP and a few layers of coated graphene. The electrons donated by the MoP core enhance the adhesion and electronegativity of the carbon layers; the negatively charged carbon layers act as an active surface. The electrochemically induced optimization of the surface/interface electronic structures in the electrocatalysts significantly promotes the HER. Using this strategy endows the catalyst with excellent activity in terms of the HER in both acidic and alkaline environments (current density of 10 mA cm-2 at low overpotentials, of 68 mV in 0.5 M H2SO4 and 67 mV in 1.0 M KOH).
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), No. 3501, Daxue Road, Changqing District, Jinan, 250353, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Huangdao District, No. 66, West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, 266580, People's Republic of China
| | - Liting Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), No. 3501, Daxue Road, Changqing District, Jinan, 250353, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuo Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Huangdao District, No. 66, West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, 266580, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanchao Zhao
- College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Huangdao District, No. 66, West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, 266580, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), No. 3501, Daxue Road, Changqing District, Jinan, 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Yameng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), No. 3501, Daxue Road, Changqing District, Jinan, 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxing Shen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), No. 3501, Daxue Road, Changqing District, Jinan, 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuebo Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), No. 3501, Daxue Road, Changqing District, Jinan, 250353, People's Republic of China.
- College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Huangdao District, No. 66, West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, 266580, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lianzhou Wang
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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Qu W, Zhang C, Chen X, Ho SH. New concept in swine wastewater treatment: development of a self-sustaining synergetic microalgae-bacteria symbiosis (ABS) system to achieve environmental sustainability. J Hazard Mater 2021; 418:126264. [PMID: 34118545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Much attention has been paid to developing methods capable of synchronous removal of pollutants from swine wastewater. Due to the natural symbiotic interactions between microalgae and bacteria, the microalgae-bacteria symbiosis (ABS) system has been found to have potential for treating wastewater. However, the corresponding biological mechanisms in the ABS system and the role of dynamic microbial community evolution in pollutant removal systems remain poorly understood. Therefore, we investigate the potential of an ABS system for pollutant removal applications and analyze the bacterial consortium symbiotically combined with Chlorella sp. MA1 and Coelastrella sp. KE4. The NH4+-N and PO43--P removal efficiencies were significantly increased from 12.79% to 99.52% and 35.66% to 96.06% due to biotic interactions between the microalgae and bacteria. The abundance of bacterial taxa and genes related to oxidative stress, cell growth and nitrogen transfer were found to increase in response to photosynthesis, respiration and NH4+-N uptake. Furthermore, pathogen inactivation was induced via microalgae, co-driven by microbial succession under high dissolved oxygen conditions. In this microalgae-enhanced ABS system, the interactions between microalgae and bacteria are established for pathogens elimination and nitrogen cycling, verifying that the ABS system is an effective and environmentally sustainable swine wastewater treatment method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Chaofan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Shih-Hsin Ho
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
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Ventura-Martinez R, Mares-Sánchez JJ, Avilés-Herrera J, Ángeles-López GE, Déciga-Campos M, González-Trujano ME, López-Muñoz FJ. Antinociceptive Synergy Between Metamizole and Hesperidin in a Model of Visceral Pain in Mice. Arch Med Res 2021; 52:389-396. [PMID: 33483148 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metamizole is used to relieve the visceral pain but its adverse effects limit its use. An alternative to improve its efficacy with lower doses is to combine it with a natural product as hesperidin. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to evaluate the antinociceptive interaction between metamizole and hesperidin in a visceral pain model using an isobolographic analysis. METHODS Antinociception was evaluated in the writhing model using acetic acid (1%) to induce writhes in mice. Metamizole (1-316 mg/kg), hesperidin (3-300 mg/kg), or combinations with a fixed-dose ratio of 1:1 were administered intraperitoneally 30 min before the acetic acid and the number of writhes was counted for 30 min. Isobolographic analysis was employed to define the nature of the compound interaction. RESULTS Metamizole and hesperidin in individual administration induced dose-dependent antinociceptive effects, reached an efficacy of 84.2 ± 5.9% and 66.3 ± 7.4%, respectively. The ED50 values calculated from their dose-response curves were 84.5 ± 22.7 and 108.9 ± 17.9 mg/kg, respectively. The analysis of DRC for the metamizole + hesperidin combination, in a ratio 1:1 showed a ED50 COMB value lower than the ED50 ADD estimated from the additivity line from the isobologram (46.7 ± 6.3 vs. 96.7 ± 11.9 mg/kg, respectively). In addition, the pharmacological interaction calculated was of 0.48. These results suggest a synergistic interaction for the antinociceptive activity of metamizole + hesperidin combination. CONCLUSION These data suggest that metamizole + hesperidin combination could be useful in treating visceral pain as it can interact synergistically using low dose of both drugs with the possibility of reducing the risk of adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Ventura-Martinez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - José Jesús Mares-Sánchez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - José Avilés-Herrera
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Myrna Déciga-Campos
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - María Eva González-Trujano
- Departamento de Investigación en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Francisco Javier López-Muñoz
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Sede Sur) del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
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Li K, Xu J, Chen C, Xie Z, Liu D, Qu D, Tang H, Wei Q, Deng Q, Li J, Hu N. Activating the hydrogen evolution activity of Pt electrode via synergistic interaction with NiS 2. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 582:591-597. [PMID: 32911407 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.08.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is a green approach to produce high-quality hydrogen fuel. Developing efficient electrocatalyst is the key to realize cost-effective HER. Pt is the state-of-the-art HER catalyst so far. However, the use of Pt for HER is limited by its high cost. Thus, it is essential to lower down the usage of Pt in the electrocatalyst by improving the intrinsic activity of Pt. In this work, we propose to achieve this goal by introducing synergistic interaction between Pt and substrate material (NiS2). The favorable synergy interaction can modify the d band structure of Pt (111) facet and modulate the hydrogen adsorption on Pt (111), which enhances the intrinsic electrocatalytic activity of Pt. The effectiveness of this strategy is demonstrated with both experimental and theoretical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Intelligent Transport Systems Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China; Reliability Engineering Institute, National Engineering Research Center for Water Transport Safety, MOST, Wuhan 430063, China
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Chan Chen
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Zhizhog Xie
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Dan Liu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Deyu Qu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Haolin Tang
- Hubei provincial key laboratory of fuel cell, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence Electrical Equipment; School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Qibo Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence Electrical Equipment; School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300401, China.
| | - Junsheng Li
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Hubei provincial key laboratory of fuel cell, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Ning Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence Electrical Equipment; School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
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Dai G, Li B, Xu Y, Li Z, Mo F, Wei C. Synergistic interaction between matrine and paracetamol in the acetic acid writhing test in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 895:173869. [PMID: 33454375 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.173869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the analgesic interaction between matrine and paracetamol in an acetic acid-induced writhing model in mice. Fifty percent effective dose (ED50) values of the individual drugs were determined, and the different proportions of matrine and paracetamol were assayed using the isobolographic method. Our study demonstrated that both of matrine and paracetamol dose-dependently inhibited the writhing response evoked by acetic acid, and the ED50 values and their 95% confidence intervals against these tonic pain were 21.10 (17.86-24.92) mg/kg and 61.30 (50.71-74.10) mg/kg for matrine and paracetamol, respectively. At the fixed ratios of 1:1, 1:3 and 3:1, the experimental ED50 values of matrine and paracetamol combinations and their 95% confidence intervals were 10.52 (5.14-21.55) mg/kg, 9.13 (4.46-18.70) mg/kg and 4.98 (4.17-5.95) mg/kg, respectively, their theoretical ED50 values and 95% confidence intervals were 41.20 (36.31-46.74) mg/kg, 51.25 (44.19-59.44) mg/kg and 31.15 (27.25-35.60) mg/kg, and the experimental ED50 values of matrine and paracetamol combination were significantly lower than their calculated theoretical ED50 values (all P < 0.01), as revealed by isobolographic analysis. Furthermore, the experimental regression line was also significantly different from the calculated additive equal-effect line over the range of the tested doses (all P < 0.01). Our results suggest that the combination of matrine with paracetamol exerts analgesic synergistic interactions in a mouse acetic acid-induced writhing model, thereby offering a possible therapeutic alternative for the clinical management of inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guidong Dai
- Key Laboratory for Modernization of Qiandongnan Miao & Dong Medicine, Qiandongnan Traditional Medicine Research & Development Center, Kaili University, 3 Kaiyuan Road, Kaili, Guizhou, 556011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Benpeng Li
- Key Laboratory for Modernization of Qiandongnan Miao & Dong Medicine, Qiandongnan Traditional Medicine Research & Development Center, Kaili University, 3 Kaiyuan Road, Kaili, Guizhou, 556011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuping Xu
- Qiandongnan Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Comprehensive Utilization of National Medicine, Qiandongnan Traditional Medicine Research & Development Center, Kaili University, 3 Kaiyuan Road, Kaili, Guizhou, 556011, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiji Li
- School of Life and Health Science, Kaili University, 3 Kaiyuan Road, Kaili, Guizhou, 556011, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuchun Mo
- School of Life and Health Science, Kaili University, 3 Kaiyuan Road, Kaili, Guizhou, 556011, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoqian Wei
- School of Life and Health Science, Kaili University, 3 Kaiyuan Road, Kaili, Guizhou, 556011, People's Republic of China
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Bekkal Brikci Benhabib O, Boucherit-Otmani Z, Boucherit K, Djediat C. Interaction in a dual-species biofilm of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata co-isolated from intravascular catheter. Microb Pathog 2020; 152:104613. [PMID: 33227365 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The use of catheters for vascular access may be associated with colonization by Candida species and their biofilm-forming ability. The latter can harbor two or more species of Candida yeast. In the sense, we conducted our study at the University Hospital of Tlemcen in west Algeria at the neuro-surgery unit, that aims (or which aims) to evaluate the ability to form mixed biofilm by dual-species Candida albicans/Candida glabrata co-isolated from intravascular catheters and their interaction in biofilm. That is the first report in Algeria. During this study, we took photographic images by scanning electron microscopy of 3 catheters implanted before 48 h and co-colonized by dual-species. From all taken samples, 34 catheters were altered by yeasts from which three were co-colonized by two Candida species and C. albicans established synergistic and competitive interactions with C. glabrata species in mixed biofilm tested.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Z Boucherit-Otmani
- Laboratory Antibiotics Antifungals, Physico-chemical, Synthesis and Biological Activities, University of Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - K Boucherit
- Centre Universitaire Ain Témouchent, Algeria; Laboratory Antibiotics Antifungals, Physico-chemical, Synthesis and Biological Activities, University of Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - C Djediat
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
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21
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Xue X, Quan Y, Gong L, Gong X, Li Y. A review of the processed Polygonum multiflorum (Thunb.) for hepatoprotection: Clinical use, pharmacology and toxicology. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 261:113121. [PMID: 32693115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Polygonum multiflorum (Thunb.) (PMT) is a member of Polygonaceae. Traditional Chinese medicine considers that the processed PMT can tonify liver, nourish blood and blacken hair. In recent years, the processed PMT and its active ingredients have significant therapeutic effects on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic fatty liver disease, viral hepatitis, liver fibrosis and liver cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY The main purpose of this review is to provide a critical appraisal of the existing knowledge on the clinical application, hepatoprotective pharmacology and hepatotoxicity, it provides a comprehensive evaluation of the liver function of the processed PMT. MATERIALS AND METHODS A detailed literature search was conducted using various online search engines, such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, Mendeley, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database. The main active components of the processed PMT and the important factors in the occurrence and development of liver diseases are used as key words to carry out detailed literature retrieval. RESULTS In animal and cell models, the processed PMT and active components can treat various liver diseases, such as fatty liver induced by high-fat diet, liver injury and fibrosis induced by drugs, viral transfected hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma, etc. They can protect liver by regulating lipid metabolism related enzymes, resisting insulin resistance, decreasing the expression of inflammatory cytokines, inhibiting the activation of hepatic stellate cells, reducing generation of extracellular matrix, promoting cancer cell apoptosis and controlling the growth of tumor cells, etc. However, improperly using of the processed PMT can cause liver injury, which is associated with the standardization of processing, the constitution of the patients, the characteristics of the disease, and the administration of dosage and time. CONCLUSION The processed PMT can treat various liver diseases via reasonably using, and the active compounds (2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside, emodin, physcion, etc.) are promising candidate drugs for developing new liver protective agents. However, some components have a "toxic-effective" bidirectional effect, which should be used cautiously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yunyun Quan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Lihong Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xiaohong Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yunxia Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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22
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Kim T, Bae SC, Kang C. Synergistic activation of NF-κB by TNFAIP3 (A20) reduction and UBE2L3 (UBCH7) augment that synergistically elevate lupus risk. Arthritis Res Ther 2020; 22:93. [PMID: 32334614 PMCID: PMC7183688 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-020-02181-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic disease. SLE susceptibility is affected by multiple genetic elements, environmental factors, and their interactions. We aimed in this study to statistically and functionally characterize a gene-gene interaction (epistasis) recently documented to affect SLE risk. Methods Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms, rs2230926 in TNFAIP3 (A20) gene and rs131654 in UBE2L3 (UBCH7) gene, were genotyped in all 3525 Korean participants, and their SLE risk association and epistasis were statistically analyzed by calculating odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI), and P values in genotype comparisons between 1318 SLE patients and 2207 healthy controls. Furthermore, their effects on gene functions were assessed by comparatively examining separate and combined effects of TNFAIP3 and UBE2L3 knockdowns on NF-κB transcription factor activity in human cells. Results SLE susceptibility is associated with TNFAIP3 rs2230926 (OR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.6–2.4, P = 8.6 × 10−11) and UBE2L3 rs131654 (OR = 1.2, 95% CI 1.1–1.4, P = 1.1 × 10−4) in a Korean population of this study. Their risk-associated alleles synergistically elevate SLE susceptibility in both multivariate logistic regression analysis (ORinteraction = 1.6, P = 0.0028) and genotype-stratified analysis (ORinteraction = 2.4), confirming the synergistic TNFAIP3-UBE2L3 interaction in SLE risk. Additionally, the SLE-susceptible alleles confer decreased TNFAIP3 expression (P = 1.1 × 10−6, n = 610) and increased UBE2L3 expression (P = 9.5 × 10−11, n = 475), respectively, in B cell analysis of the International HapMap Project individuals with adjustment for ethnicity. Furthermore, when compared with TNFAIP3 non-knockdown and UBE2L3 knockdown in human HeLa cells, TNFAIP3 knockdown and UBE2L3 non-knockdown synergistically increase three cytokines, CCL2, CXCL8 (IL8), and IL6, all regulated by NF-κB in the human TNFR signaling pathway. Conclusions A synergistic interaction between TNFAIP3 and UBE2L3 genes is observed in SLE risk, as being evident in comparison of genotype distributions between SLE patients and controls. Additionally, the synergistic gene-gene interaction is functionally validated, as TNFAIP3 reduction and UBE2L3 augment exert synergism in activation of NF-κB and subsequent induction of inflammatory cytokines. Accordingly, SLE inflammation and risk could be synergistically alleviated by TNFAIP3 upregulation and UBE2L3 downregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taehyeung Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Cheol Bae
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, 222-1 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Changwon Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Wijaya LK, Stumbles PA, Drummond PD. A positive feedback loop between alpha 1-adrenoceptors and inflammatory cytokines in keratinocytes. Exp Cell Res 2020; 391:112008. [PMID: 32304706 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A positive feedback loop between inflammatory cytokines and alpha1-adrenoceptors (α1-AR) (a target of the sympathetic nervous system neurotransmitter norepinephrine) influences inflammatory responses in immune cells. This cross-talk between the sympathetic nervous system and immune system may play a role in promoting chronic inflammation. Emerging evidence shows that α1-AR interact with inflammatory cytokines in keratinocytes, and this epidermal adrenergic signalling may contribute to skin inflammatory responses following injury, disease or stress. In this study, utilizing an in vitro approach, we hypothesized that α1-AR interact in a positive feedback loop with inflammatory mediators in keratinocytes. The pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) was used to induce an inflammatory state in cultured keratinocytes. TNFα increased interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and nerve growth factor (NGF) production and gene expression levels of α1-AR subtype B (α1B-AR). Additional stimulation of α1-AR further increased IL-6 levels, while maintaining high levels of IL-8 and decreasing levels of IL-1β and NGF. Our results suggest that reciprocal influences between α1-ARs and inflammatory cytokines may play a role in normal inflammatory responses. However, if unchecked, this cycle could contribute to pathology (e.g. chronic inflammatory diseases, chronic pain conditions, and stress-induced cancer progression).
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda K Wijaya
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Philip A Stumbles
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Peter D Drummond
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
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24
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Khoshamooz H, Kaviani S, Atashi A, Mirpour Hassankiadeh SH. Combination Effect of Notch1 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathways Inhibitors on T-ALL Cell Lines. Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res 2020; 14:99-109. [PMID: 32461793 PMCID: PMC7231796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Acute T lymphoblastic Leukemia (T-ALL) is a highly aggressive hematologic malignancy. Chemotherapy resistance is one of the most important challenges in T-ALL treatment. Alterations in cellular signaling pathways such as Notch1 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR play a role in cell proliferation, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy. Combination of Notch1 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors is an interesting and rational strategy in treatment of T-ALL. Interaction of AZD5363 as an inhibitor of PI3k/AKT/mTOR and Compound E as an inhibitor of Notch1 signaling pathway was investigated in a T-ALL pre-clinical model. Materials and Methods: T-ALL cell lines included Jurkat, Molt-4, and HPB- ALL cells were treated with AZD5363 and Compound E alone and in combination. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Flow cytometry was used to measure apoptosis. Interaction between AZD5363 and Compound E was assessed by Chou-Talalay method. Results: Combination treatment with AZD5363 and Compound E decreased cell viability with synergistic effect in all cell lines at 72 hours. Drug combination increased apoptosis even in Jurkat and HPB-ALL cells resistant to Compound E and AZD5363, respectively. Conclusion: Combination of AZD5363 with Compound E in T-ALL cell lines exhibited a synergistic effect. Cytotoxicity of drug combination increased in all T-ALL cell lines compared to each as a single drug. Simultaneous inhibition of Notch1 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways as a possible treatment of T-ALL, provides a basis for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halimeh Khoshamooz
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Kaviani
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Atashi
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
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Shi W, Wang H, Zhou Y, Sun Y, Chen Y. Synergistic interaction of hypertension and diabetes on chronic kidney disease: Insights from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2006. J Diabetes Complications 2020; 34:107447. [PMID: 31818688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2019.107447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are 2 major risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, whether hypertension and diabetes have a synergistic interaction towards greater renal damage remains unclear. Our study aimed to investigate whether hypertension and diabetes act synergistically towards CKD. METHODS 13,693 subjects from the cross-sectional National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey 1999-2006 were included in our analyses. The associations were investigated by multivariate logistic regression models. The interaction was evaluated on both additive and multiplicative scale. RESULTS The prevalence of CKD was 17.62%. After adjustment, subjects with both hypertension and diabetes had a 4.710 (3.652-6.073) times risk of CKD than non-hypertensive non-diabetic subjects, higher than that of subjects with only hypertension or diabetes (1.732, 95% CI: 1.502-1.997 and 2.407, 95% CI: 1.815-3.194, respectively). Furthermore, significant interaction was observed between hypertension and diabetes towards CKD in the additive scale (relative excess risk due to interaction: 1.570, 95% CI: 0.507-2.633; the attributable proportion due to interaction: 0.333, 95% CI: 0.168-0.499; Synergy index: 1.734, 95% CI: 1.239-2.426). Additionally, analyses of the associations with components of the primary endpoint demonstrated that the interaction was also applicable to those with reduced eGFR, albuminuria or normoalbuminuric CKD. CONCLUSIONS The joint effect of hypertension and diabetes was significantly larger than the sum of their independent impact on CKD. Our findings may provide intuitionistic and straightforward illustrations for the public to understand the danger of combined hypertension and diabetes on the renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrui Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Coronary Heart Disease Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yaping Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Yingxian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yihan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 200120, China
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Wang SZ, Dai HQ, Chen KX, Li J, Chen ZX. Synergistic interaction between exogenous and endogenous emulsifiers and its impact on in vitro digestion of lipid in crowded medium. Food Chem 2019; 299:125164. [PMID: 31319345 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Control of lipid digestibility by various food components has received great attention in recent decades. However, there is limited literature on investigating the synergistic effect of exogenous emulsifiers and endogenous sodium cholate (SC) on lipid digestion in a simulated physiological crowded medium. In this work, the synergistic interaction of Tween80 and SC according to the regular solution theory, and the hydrolysis of lipid emulsions containing tricaprylin, glyceryltrioleate or soybean oil in crowding medium was studied. The results show that emulsions stabilized by a combination of Tween80 and SC showed higher digestion rate and transformation than those with Tween80 or SC. The digestion rate could be increased by polyethylene glycols (PEGn) with varying crowding degree. The denaturation temperature of the lipase was increased in macromolecular crowded medium. This work allows for better understanding of the interaction between the amphiphiles and the macromolecular crowding effect on lipase digestion in the physiological environment.
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27
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Ho WK, Leung KSY. Sorption and desorption of organic UV filters onto microplastics in single and multi-solute systems. Environ Pollut 2019; 254:113066. [PMID: 31454575 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sorption studies of organic pollutants by microplastics (MPs) in single-solute systems are well established in the literature. However, actual aquatic environments always contain a mixture of contaminants. Prediction of the fate and biological effects of MPs-mediated chemical exposure requires a better understanding of sorption-desorption processes of multiple organic contaminants by MPs. In this study, the altered sorption and desorption behaviors of individual organic UV filters (BP-3 and 4-MBC) in the presence of cosolutes (BP-3, 4-MBC, EHMC and OC) on two types of MPs (LDPE and PS) were examined. In most cases, co-occurrence of other organic UV filters appeared to have an antagonistic effect on the sorption of primary solute, which was consistent with trends found in previous studies. Nevertheless, the sorption uptake of 4-MBC as primary solute on PS was enhanced in the presence of cosolute(s), arising presumably from solute multilayer formation caused by laterally attractive π-π interactions between adsorbed cosolute(s) and 4-MBC molecules. Such formation of multilayer sorption in multi-solute systems depends on the solute hydrophobicity and concentration as well as inherent sorptivity of MPs. Our further desorption experiments revealed that the bioaccessibility of primary solute was significantly elevated with cosolutes, even though competitive sorption was observed under the same experimental conditions. These findings supplement the current knowledge on sorption mechanisms and interactions of multiple organic contaminants on MPs, which are critical for a comprehensive environmental risk assessment of both MPs and hazardous anthropogenic contaminants in natural environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Kit Ho
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Kelvin Sze-Yin Leung
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; HKBU Institute of Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen Virtual University Park, Shenzhen, China.
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28
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Wu C, Li F, Xu H, Zeng W, Yu R, Wu X, Shen L, Liu Y, Li J. The potential role of brassinosteroids (BRs) in alleviating antimony (Sb) stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Physiol Biochem 2019; 141:51-59. [PMID: 31128563 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) play a crucial role in improving plant resistance to various environmental stresses. In this study, we aimed to explore the potential role of BRs in protecting plants from antimony (Sb) toxicity. In the in vitro agar-plate culture experiments, the level changes of BR in wide-type plants and BR biosynthesis mutant dwrf4-1 significantly affected the corresponding response of Arabidopsis to Sb stress. Increasing the BR content significantly enhanced Sb-induced root growth inhibition and lowering the BR level appeared to reduce the plant sensitivity to Sb stress. Foliar application of eBL, however, significantly decreased the Sb accumulation and peroxidation of membrane lipids, increased the contents of chlorophyll and proline, and further boosted and strengthened the antioxidant enzymes activities. These experiments demonstrated that BRs played an important role in regulating heavy metal stress responses in plants and exogenous foliar spray of eBL was an important method for alleviating toxicity of Sb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Wu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Fang Li
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Hui Xu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Weimin Zeng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, 410083, China; CSIRO Mineral Resources, Clayton South, Vic 3169, Australia
| | - Runlan Yu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xueling Wu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Li Shen
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Yuandong Liu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Jiaokun Li
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, 410083, China.
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Delnat V, Janssens L, Stoks R. Whether warming magnifies the toxicity of a pesticide is strongly dependent on the concentration and the null model. Aquat Toxicol 2019; 211:38-45. [PMID: 30921756 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
How global warming changes the toxicity of contaminants is a research priority at the intersection of global change biology and ecotoxicology. While many pesticides are more toxic at higher temperatures this is not always detected. We studied whether deviations from this general pattern can be explained by concentration-dependent interaction effects and by testing the interaction against the inappropriate null model. We exposed larvae of the mosquito Culex pipiens to three concentrations of the pesticide chlorpyrifos (absence, low and high) in the absence and presence of 4 °C warming. Both the low and high chlorpyrifos concentration were lethal and generated negative sublethal effects: activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and total fat content decreased, and oxidative damage to lipids increased, yet growth rate increased. Warming was slightly lethal, yet had positive sublethal effects: growth rate, total fat content and metabolic rate increased, and oxidative damage decreased. For four out of seven response variables the independent action model identified the expected synergistic interaction between chlorpyrifos and warming. Notably, for three variables (survival, AChE and fat content) this was strongly dependent on the chlorpyrifos concentration, and for two of these (AChE and fat content) not associated with a significant interaction in the general(ized) linear models. For survival and fat content, warming only potentiated chlorpyrifos (CPF) toxicity at the low CPF concentration, while the opposite was true for AChE. Our results highlight that taking into account concentration-dependence and appropriate null model testing is crucial to improve our understanding of the toxicity of contaminants in a warming world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vienna Delnat
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, University of Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Lizanne Janssens
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robby Stoks
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, University of Leuven, Belgium
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Wang S, Chen C, Zhao S, He J. Microbial synergistic interactions for reductive dechlorination of polychlorinated biphenyls. Sci Total Environ 2019; 666:368-376. [PMID: 30798243 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Dehalococcoides usually work closely with other beneficial microorganisms for removal of halogenated organic compounds at contaminated sites. Traditional microbial cultivation is necessary but not enough to gain insights into key microbial populations and their interactions in complex communities. In this study, we cultivated and characterized two D. mccartyi strains (CG3 and SG1), and further revealed interspecies synergistic interactions in PCB-dechlorinating microbial communities via metagenomic analysis. Strain CG3 and SG1 originated from distinct geographic sites employ reductive dehalogenase CG3-RD11 (PcbA1-like) and SG1-RD28 (PcbA4/5-like), respectively, to catalyze chlorine-removal from PCBs. In their parent mixed cultures CG-3 and SG-1, as well as in previously enriched PCB-dechlorinating cultures CG-1, CG-4 and CG-5, Methanosarcina and Desulfovibrio were found as major non-dechlorinating populations which may play roles in mediating acetate- and H2-sources for D. mccartyi. They together form a stable microbial community for interspecies carbon- and electron-transfers to facilitate organohalide respiration of D. mccartyi, being confirmed in a synthetic microbial community consisting of the Dehalococcoides, Methanosarcina and Desulfovibrio. The results provide insights into which and how other microorganisms support D. mccartyi to dechlorinate PCBs, and suggest that Methanosarcina may play a larger role in PCB-dechlorinating communities than currently appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanquan Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore.
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Siyan Zhao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Jianzhong He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore.
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Wang Z, Li J, Ge X, Liu Y, Luo J, Chetwynd DG, Mao K. Investigation of the lubrication properties and synergistic interaction of biocompatible liposome-polymer complexes applicable to artificial joints. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 178:469-78. [PMID: 30925370 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Achievement of efficient biolubrication is essential for the design of artificial joints with long lifetimes. This study examines the frictional behaviors and adsorption structures of liposomes and liposome complexes with biocompatible polymers to reveal the underlying lubrication mechanisms between biomimetic bearing surfaces of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and silicon nitride (Si3N4). The liposomes with increasing carbon chain lengths exhibit the remarkable lubrication capabilities that correlate strongly with the structural integrity of small unilamellar vesicles adsorbed on the Si3N4 surfaces, while the bilayer structures weaken the stability of vesicles against rupture and cause the increase of friction. The synergistic interaction of liposomes and biocompatible negative-charged polymer leads to the formation of a boundary-lubricating layer with high-density liposome-polymer complex structures that can efficiently improve the lubrication properties of liposomes. Our findings might have implications for future biolubrication investigations on biocompatible liposome-polymer complexes applicable to artificial joints at the specified macroscale conditions.
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Ravisankar S, Agah S, Kim H, Talcott S, Wu C, Awika J. Combined cereal and pulse flavonoids show enhanced bioavailability by downregulating phase II metabolism and ABC membrane transporter function in Caco-2 model. Food Chem 2019; 279:88-97. [PMID: 30611516 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Predominant flavonoids in cereals and pulses are structurally different and may positively interact to enhance bioactivity in combined diet. This work investigated the effects of combined cereal 3-deoxyflavonoids (apigenin, naringenin) and pulse flavonols (quercetin), along with natural extracts, on their bioavailability and underlying mechanisms using Caco-2 monolayer model. Membrane permeability, phase II metabolism, and ATP binding cassette (ABC) membrane transporter expression and function were measured. Apparent absorption of quercetin and apigenin increased (p < 0.05) 3.3× and 1.5×, respectively, while both compounds were significantly less metabolized in combined treatments. Combinations with naringenin had insignificant effect, suggesting a role for flavonoid C2C3 conjugation. Both natural extracts and apigenin-quercetin combinations synergistically (3-40 fold) downregulated ABC transporter expression, and inhibited P-glycoprotein activity, suggesting direct binding and inhibition of ATPase. Combination of conjugated cereal and pulse flavonoids enhances their potential bioavailability through synergistic inhibition of membrane transporter and phase II enzyme function.
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Coors A, Vollmar P, Sacher F, Kehrer A. Is there synergistic interaction between fungicides inhibiting different enzymes in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway in toxicity tests with the green alga Raphidocelis subcapitata? Ecotoxicology 2018; 27:936-944. [PMID: 29500666 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-018-1917-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Products used for plant protection or as biocides often contain more than one active substance together with numerous formulation additives. The environmental risk assessment for such commercial mixtures applies as default the concept of concentration addition. There is remaining regulatory concern, however, that underestimation of risks can occur if components in the mixture interact synergistically, i.e., elicit effects greater than those predicted by concentration addition. While cases of true synergism appear to be rare, the combination of substances targeting different steps in the same biosynthesis pathway was pointed out as one potential case of synergistic interaction although mechanistic explanations are lacking. The present study aimed to verify this hypothesis using the green alga Raphidocelis subcapitata as the regulatory standard test organism for which such synergism had been indicated earlier. Algal growth inhibition tests were conducted with mixtures of ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors (tebuconazole, fenpropidin, and fenpropimorph). The fungicides were first tested individually to derive reliable data for a mixture toxicity prediction. The here determined toxicity estimates for two of the fungicides were considerably lower than the endpoints in the regulatory dossiers, which had been used for earlier mixture toxicity predictions. Experimentally observed toxicity estimates for the mixtures deviated <2.6-fold from the predicted values. Hence, the hypothesis of synergistic interaction between fungicides targeting different enzymes in the ergosterol biosynthesis was clearly not confirmed for the green alga R. subcapitata. Overall, the present study demonstrates the importance of reliable and correct input data for mixture toxicity predictions in order to avoid erroneous conclusions on non-additive (synergistic) interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Coors
- ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, Böttgerstraße 2-14, 65439, Flörsheim, Germany.
| | - Pia Vollmar
- ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, Böttgerstraße 2-14, 65439, Flörsheim, Germany
| | - Frank Sacher
- TZW: DVGW-Technologiezentrum Wasser, Karlsruher Straße 84, 76139, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Anja Kehrer
- Federal Environment Agency, Woerlitzer Platz 1, 06844, Dessau-Roßlau, Germany
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Diao Q, Li B, Zhao H, Wu Y, Guo R, Dai P, Chen D, Wang Q, Hou C. Enhancement of chronic bee paralysis virus levels in honeybees acute exposed to imidacloprid: A Chinese case study. Sci Total Environ 2018; 630:487-494. [PMID: 29499530 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Though honeybee populations have not yet been reported to be largely lost in China, many stressors that affect the health of honeybees have been confirmed. Honeybees inevitably come into contact with environmental stressors that are not intended to target honeybees, such as pesticides. Although large-scale losses of honeybee colonies are thought to be associated with viruses, these viruses usually lead to covert infections and to not cause acute damage if the bees do not encounter outside stressors. To reveal the potential relationship between acute pesticides and viruses, we applied different doses of imidacloprid to adult bees that were primarily infected with low levels (4.3×105 genome copies) of chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV) to observe whether the acute oral toxicity of imidacloprid was able to elevate the level of CBPV. Here, we found that the titer of CBPV was significantly elevated in adult bees after 96h of acute treatment with imidacloprid at the highest dose 66.9ng/bee compared with other treatments and controls. Our study provides clear evidence that exposure to acute high doses of imidacloprid in honeybees persistently infected by CBPV can exert a remarkably negative effect on honeybee survival. These results imply that acute environmental stressors might be one of the major accelerators causing rapid viral replication, which may progress to cause mass proliferation and dissemination and lead to colony decline. The present study will be useful for better understanding the harm caused by this pesticide, especially regarding how honeybee tolerance to the viral infection might be altered by acute pesticide exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Diao
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100093, PR China
| | - Beibei Li
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100093, PR China
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, Guangzhou 510260, PR China
| | - Yanyan Wu
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100093, PR China
| | - Rui Guo
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Pingli Dai
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100093, PR China
| | - Dafu Chen
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100093, PR China
| | - Chunsheng Hou
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100093, PR China.
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Leng E, Xiao Y, Mo Z, Li Y, Zhang Y, Deng X, Zhou M, Zhou C, He Z, He J, Xiao L, Li J, Li W. Synergistic effect of phytochemicals on cholesterol metabolism and lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:122. [PMID: 29622007 PMCID: PMC5887216 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2189-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Crocin (CRO), chlorogenic acid (CGA), geniposide (GEN), and quercetin (QUE) are all natural compounds with anti-obesity properties, in particular, hypolipidemic effects, which have been widely used for the treatment of obesity-related metabolic diseases. However, it is not yet known whether these compounds interact synergistically. Here, we investigated the effects and molecular mechanisms of CRO, CGA, GEN, QUE, and a combination of all four compounds (CCGQ), on lipid accumulation in human hepatoma (HepG2 cells). Methods The optimal concentration of CRO, CGA, GEN, QUE to stimulate HepG2 cells proliferation was determined using MTT assay. HepG2 cells were pretreated with 10 μmol/L simvastatin, 1 μmol/L CRO, 30 μmol/L CGA, 10 μmol/L GEN, 10 μmol/L QUE, and CCGQ (a combination of 1 μmol/L CRO, 30 μmol/L CGA, 10 μmol/L GEN, and 10 μmol/L QUE) for 24 or 48 h. Oil red O staining and extracellular TC and TG levels were detected. The RT-PCR was used to observe on cholesterol metabolism-related gene expression. Immunocytochemistry and western-blot assayed the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme (HMGCR) protein expression in HepG2 cells. Results Compared to those of control, we demonstrated that treating HepG2 cells for 48 h with CCGQ resulted in a strong synergistic effect, causing a marked decrease in lipid deposition in comparison to individual treatments, in both triglyceride and total cholesterol (CRO, 5.74- and 1.49-folds; CGA, 3.38- and 1.12-folds; GEN, 4.04- and 1.44-folds; QUE, 3.36- and 1.24-folds; simvastatin, 5.49- and 1.83-folds; and CCGQ, 7.75- and 2.20-folds), and Oil red O staining assays. In addition, CCGQ treatment increased ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABCA1), cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), and AMP-activated protein kinase 2α (AMPKα2) mRNA expression, while decreasing sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP2), and liver X receptor alpha (LXRα) mRNA expression. Notably, CCGQ was more effective in decreasing HMGCR expression than the individual treatments. Conclusion The CCGQ combination has potential, both as a complementary therapy for hyperlipemia, and in preventing further obesity-related complications.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Genotype-phenotype association has been one of the long-standing problems in bioinformatics. Identifying both the marginal and epistatic effects among genetic markers, such as Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs), has been extensively integrated in Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) to help derive "causal" genetic risk factors and their interactions, which play critical roles in life and disease systems. Identifying "synergistic" interactions with respect to the outcome of interest can help accurate phenotypic prediction and understand the underlying mechanism of system behavior. Many statistical measures for estimating synergistic interactions have been proposed in the literature for such a purpose. However, except for empirical performance, there is still no theoretical analysis on the power and limitation of these synergistic interaction measures. RESULTS In this paper, it is shown that the existing information-theoretic multivariate synergy depends on a small subset of the interaction parameters in the model, sometimes on only one interaction parameter. In addition, an adjusted version of multivariate synergy is proposed as a new measure to estimate the interactive effects, with experiments conducted over both simulated data sets and a real-world GWAS data set to show the effectiveness. CONCLUSIONS We provide rigorous theoretical analysis and empirical evidence on why the information-theoretic multivariate synergy helps with identifying genetic risk factors via synergistic interactions. We further establish the rigorous sample complexity analysis on detecting interactive effects, confirmed by both simulated and real-world data sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Easton Li Xu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109 MI USA
- School of Science and Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172 China
| | - Xiaoning Qian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, 77843 TX USA
| | - Qilian Yu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, 95616 CA USA
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, 95616 CA USA
| | - Shuguang Cui
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, 95616 CA USA
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Russo R, Becker JM, Liess M. Sequential exposure to low levels of pesticides and temperature stress increase toxicological sensitivity of crustaceans. Sci Total Environ 2018; 610-611:563-569. [PMID: 28822923 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Frequent pesticide-related impacts on ecosystems at concentrations considered environmentally safe indicate that the current risk assessment framework for registration of pesticides is not protective enough. Causes may include difficulties in assessing the effects of sequential pesticide pulses and their interaction with environmental stressors. By contrast to such realistic scenarios, risk assessment for registration of pesticides is typically based on tests of a single exposure period under benign laboratory conditions. Here, we investigated the toxicological sensitivity of Gammarus pulex, an ecologically relevant crustacean, from uncontaminated control streams and pesticide-contaminated agricultural streams by exposing them to pesticide contamination in the laboratory. Individuals from contaminated streams were 2.7-fold more sensitive to pesticide exposure than individuals from the reference streams. We revealed that this increase in sensitivity was the result of a synergistic interaction of sequential pesticide exposure and temperature stress. Such multiple stressor scenarios are typical for agricultural streams. We conclude that the interactive effects of sequential toxicant exposure and additional environmental stressors need to be considered in a realistic risk assessment framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Russo
- UFZ, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research, Department of System-Ecotoxicology, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), Aachen, Germany
| | - Jeremias Martin Becker
- UFZ, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research, Department of System-Ecotoxicology, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Liess
- UFZ, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research, Department of System-Ecotoxicology, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), Aachen, Germany.
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Coulon M, Schurr F, Martel AC, Cougoule N, Bégaud A, Mangoni P, Dalmon A, Alaux C, Le Conte Y, Thiéry R, Ribière-Chabert M, Dubois E. Metabolisation of thiamethoxam (a neonicotinoid pesticide) and interaction with the Chronic bee paralysis virus in honeybees. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2018; 144:10-18. [PMID: 29463403 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pathogens and pesticides are likely to co-occur in honeybee hives, but much remains to be investigated regarding their potential interactions. Here, we first investigated the metabolisation kinetics of thiamethoxam in chronically fed honeybees. We show that thiamethoxam, at a dose of 0.25ng/bee/day, is quickly and effectively metabolised into clothianidin, throughout a 20day exposure period. Using a similar chronic exposure to pesticide, we then studied, in a separate experiment, the impact of thiamethoxam and Chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV) co-exposure in honeybees. The honeybees were exposed to the virus by contact, mimicking the natural transmission route in the hive. We demonstrate that a high dose of thiamethoxam (5.0ng/bee/day) can cause a synergistic increase in mortality in co-exposed honeybees after 8 to 10days of exposure, with no increase in viral loads. At a lower dose (2.5ng/bee/day), there was no synergistic increase of mortality, but viral loads were significantly higher in naturally dead honeybees, compared with sacrificed honeybees exposed to the same conditions. These results show that the interactions between pathogens and pesticides in honeybees can be complex: increasing pesticide doses may not necessarily be linked to a rise in viral loads, suggesting that honeybee tolerance to the viral infection might change with pesticide exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Coulon
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honeybee Pathology, 105, Route des Chappes, 06902 Sophia-Antipolis, France; INRA PACA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, Site Agroparc, 84914 Avignon, France.
| | - F Schurr
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honeybee Pathology, 105, Route des Chappes, 06902 Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - A-C Martel
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honeybee Pathology, 105, Route des Chappes, 06902 Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - N Cougoule
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honeybee Pathology, 105, Route des Chappes, 06902 Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - A Bégaud
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honeybee Pathology, 105, Route des Chappes, 06902 Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - P Mangoni
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honeybee Pathology, 105, Route des Chappes, 06902 Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - A Dalmon
- INRA PACA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, Site Agroparc, 84914 Avignon, France
| | - C Alaux
- INRA PACA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, Site Agroparc, 84914 Avignon, France
| | - Y Le Conte
- INRA PACA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, Site Agroparc, 84914 Avignon, France
| | - R Thiéry
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honeybee Pathology, 105, Route des Chappes, 06902 Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - M Ribière-Chabert
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honeybee Pathology, 105, Route des Chappes, 06902 Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - E Dubois
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honeybee Pathology, 105, Route des Chappes, 06902 Sophia-Antipolis, France.
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Gupta P, Patel DK, Gupta VK, Pal A, Tandon S, Darokar MP. Citral, a monoterpenoid aldehyde interacts synergistically with norfloxacin against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Phytomedicine 2017; 34:85-96. [PMID: 28899514 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Staphylococcus aureus (SA), is a major human pathogen causing wide range of clinical infections, which has been further complicated by drug resistance like methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA), vancomycin intermediate S. aureus (VISA)/vancomycin resistant S. aureus (VRSA), etc. The present study was aimed at determining anti-staphylococcal potential of citral against drug resistant clinical isolates alone and in combination with antibiotics. PURPOSE To assess the potential of citral in combination with norfloxacin in treating drug resistant infections of SA. STUDY DESIGN In the present study, synergistic interaction of citral and norfloxacin against drug resistant SA strains was evaluated. Further the efficacy and possible mechanism of action of the combination was also evaluated using in vitro and in vivo assays. METHOD The anti-staphylococcal activity of each of the monoterpene and the antibiotic was determined in terms of MIC and the effective concentration of both compounds in combination was obtained by checkerboard assay. In vivo efficacy and oral acute toxicity was evaluated in Swiss albino mice model. To understand the mechanism of action, time-kill curve, bacteriolysis, leakage, membrane depolarization, salt tolerance and ethidium bromide efflux assays were performed. RESULTS Citral was found effective against clinical isolates of SA with MIC values ranging from 75 to 150 µg ml-1 exhibiting bacteriostatic activity. Citral interacted synergistically, reducing MIC of norfloxacin up to 32-folds with FICI ≤ 0.50. Citral did not affect cell wall, but could damage cell membrane, inhibit efflux pump and affect the membrane potential. Citral could reduce the staphylococcal load of spleen and liver tissues in a dose-dependent manner which was further reduced when used in combination with norfloxacin. Citral did not exhibit any mortality or morbidity up to 500 mg kg-1 body weight and found to prolong the post-antibiotic effect of norfloxacin. CONCLUSION Based on these observations, citral could be a lead candidate phytomolecule for further developing it into an anti-staphylococcal agent. The observations of combination study will help in reducing the burden of antibiotics leading to delayed resistance development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Gupta
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Patel
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Vivek Kumar Gupta
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Anirban Pal
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Sudeep Tandon
- Process Chemistry and Technology, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
| | - M P Darokar
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India.
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Zhou R, Bao H, Kang YH. Synergistic rheological behavior and morphology of yam starch and Auricularia auricula- judae polysaccharide-composite gels under processing conditions. Food Sci Biotechnol 2017; 26:883-891. [PMID: 30263616 PMCID: PMC6049532 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-017-0122-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides from Auricularia auricula-judae (AP) have unique functionalities. The influence of AP-blending ratios (0.1-0.8%), temperature, pH, and ionic strength on the rheological interactions of yam starch (YS)-AP blends (YA, 6%) was investigated. YA gels showed shear-thinning behavior with flow-behavior indices of 0.28-0.37 and greater pseudoplasticity in the presence of 0.8% AP. With incremental AP addition, the viscosity and consistency indices significantly increased, whereas the activation energy decreased from 7.55 to 5.12 kJ/mol (p < 0.05). YA gels exhibited excellent thickening and heat tolerance and behaved as weak gels over an AP concentration range of 0.1-0.4% but as true gels at higher concentrations (e.g. 0.8%). The viscosity/elasticity of the combinations weakened with NaCl addition or extreme pH values. A complex 3-dimensional network structure of the YA system was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. These results indicated that AP has great potential for functional applications in the starchy food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhou
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, 163319 China
- Department of Food Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25457 Korea
| | - Honghui Bao
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, 163319 China
| | - Yoon-Han Kang
- Department of Food Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25457 Korea
- Department of Food Processing and Distribution, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25457 Korea
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Calzetta L, Rogliani P, Facciolo F, Rendina E, Cazzola M, Matera MG. Pharmacological characterization of the interaction between umeclidinium and vilanterol in human bronchi. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 812:147-154. [PMID: 28716723 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) / long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) fixed dose combination (FDC) therapy represents the cornerstone for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Nevertheless, conflicting clinical findings still exist on the real benefit of the LABA/LAMA FDCs. Therefore, we investigated whether combining the LABA vilanterol with the LAMA umeclidinium may induce synergistic bronchorelaxant effect in isolated airways. The effect of umeclidinium and vilanterol, administered alone, in combination at the ratio of concentrations reproducing the doses delivered by Anoro® Ellipta® (55:22), or at isoeffective low concentrations, was investigated on the cholinergic contractile tone induced by the parasympathetic activation of human isolated airways. The interaction was analyzed by using the Bliss Independence and Unified Theory models. Umeclidinium and vilanterol induced a concentration-dependent relaxation of isolated bronchi, with umeclidinium significantly (P < 0.05) more potent than vilanterol (Emax at 10Hz: umeclidium 102.6 ± 6.8%, vilanterol 75.1 ± 13.8%; pEC50 at 10Hz: umeclidinium 8.6 ± 0.4, vilanterol 6.9 ± 0.6). When administered at 55:22 concentration-ratio, umeclidinium plus vilanterol completely relaxed the isolated airways (Emax at 10Hz: 99.6 ± 8.0%; pEC50 at 10Hz: 8.2 ± 0.4). No synergistic interaction was detected for umeclidinium/vilanterol combined at 55:22 ratio, whereas strong synergism was elicited when the drugs were administered at low isoeffective concentrations (+ 41.4 ± 5.8% vs. monocomponents), leading to submaximal relaxant effect (81.4 ± 5.8%). Umeclidinium and vilanterol are imbalanced when combined at 55:22 ratio, with umeclidinium over-dosed, or vice versa vilanterol under-dosed. Specific studies are needed to identify the dose ratio of umeclidinium/vilanterol combination to guarantee equipotency concentrations of each component into the lung, and induce synergistic bronchodilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigino Calzetta
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - Paola Rogliani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Facciolo
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Thoracic Surgery Unit, Rome, Italy
| | - Erino Rendina
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Cazzola
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Matera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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González-Rodríguez S, Poras H, Menéndez L, Lastra A, Ouimet T, Fournié-Zaluski MC, Roques BP, Baamonde A. Synergistic combinations of the dual enkephalinase inhibitor PL265 given orally with various analgesic compounds acting on different targets, in a murine model of cancer-induced bone pain. Scand J Pain 2017; 14:25-38. [PMID: 28850427 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjpain.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first line pharmacological treatment of cancer pain is morphine and surrogates but a significant pain relief and a reduction of the side-effects of these compounds makes it necessary to combine them with other drugs acting on different targets. The aim of this study was to measure the antinociceptive effect on cancer-induced bone pain resulting from the association of the endogenous opioids enkephalin and non-opioid analgesic drugs. For this purpose, PL265 a new orally active single dual inhibitor of the two degrading enkephalins enzymes, neprilysin (NEP) and aminopeptidase N (APN) was used. It strictly increased the levels of enkephalin at their sites of releases. The selected non-opioid compounds are: gabapentin, A-317491 (P2X3 receptor antagonist), ACEA (CB1 receptor antagonist), AM1241 (CB2 receptor antagonist), JWH-133 (CB2 receptor antagonist), URB937 (FAAH inhibitor), and NAV26 (Nav1.7 channel blocker). METHODS Experiments. Experiments were performed in 5-6 weeks old (26-33g weight) C57BL/6 mice. Cell culture and cell inoculation. B16-F10 melanoma cells were cultured and when preconfluent, treated and detached. Finally related cells were resuspended to obtain a concentration of 2×106 cells/100μL. Then 105 cells were injected into the right tibial medullar cavity. Control mice were treated by killed cells by freezing. Behavioural studies. Thermal withdrawal latencies were measured on a unilatered hot plate (UHP) maintained at 49±0.2°C. Mechanical threshold values were obtained by performing the von Frey test using the "up and down" method. To evaluate the nature (additive or synergistic) of the interactions between PL265 and different drugs, an isobolographic analysis following the method described by Tallarida was performed. RESULTS The results demonstrate the ability of PL265, a DENKI that prevents the degradation of endogenous ENKs, to counteract cancer-induced bone thermal hyperalgesia in mice, by exclusively stimulating peripheral opioid receptors as demonstrated by used of an opioid antagonist unable to enter the brain. The development of such DENKIs, endowed with druggable pharmacokinetic characteristics, such as good absorption by oral route, can be considered as an important step in the development of much needed novel antihyperalgesic drugs. Furthermore, all the tested combinations resulted in synergistic antihyperalgesic effects. As shown here, the greatest synergistic antinociceptive effect (doses could be lowered by 70%) was produced by the combination of PL265 with the P2X3 receptor antagonist (A-317491), cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist (exogenous, ACEA and endogenous URB937-protected-AEA) and Nav1.7 blocker (NAV26) whose mechanism of action involves the direct activation of the enkephalinergic system. CONCLUSIONS These multi-target-based antinociceptive strategies using combinations of non-opioid drugs with dual inhibitors of enkephalin degrading enzymes may bring therapeutic advantages in terms of efficacy and safety by allowing the reduction of doses of one of the compounds or of both, which is of the utmost interest in the chronic treatment of cancer pain. IMPLICATIONS This article presents synergistic antinociceptive effect produced by the combination of PL265 with non-opioid analgesic drugs acting via unrelated mechanisms. These multi-target-based antinociceptive strategies may bring therapeutic advantages by allowing the reduction of doses, which is of great interest in the chronic treatment of cancer pain.
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Zeng Q, Qin L, Bao L, Li Y, Li X. Critical nutrient thresholds needed to control eutrophication and synergistic interactions between phosphorus and different nitrogen sources. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:21008-21019. [PMID: 27488715 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7321-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophication is one of the greatest threats to global freshwater ecosystems. The phytoplankton responses to nutrient inputs vary in different water bodies, so it is particularly important to determine the nutrient thresholds and synergistic interactions between nutrients in different freshwater ecosystems. Field sampling and bioassay experiments were conducted to determine the thresholds of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N), and ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N) in Miyun Reservoir. A separate nutrient addition bioassay was designed to assess the synergistic interactions between these nutrients. Chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentrations were used to estimate phytoplankton biomass. The results showed the following: (1) nutrient threshold bioassay indicated that eutrophication thresholds of SRP, NO3-N, and NH4-N should be targeted at below 0.04 mg P L-1, 0.5 mg N L-1, and 0.3 mg N L-1, respectively, to limit the growth of phytoplankton. (2) The stimulatory effect of "NH4-N plus P" on phytoplankton biomass was greater than "NO3-N plus P" at the same N concentration, and "NH4-N plus NO3-N" did not show such associated stimulatory effect as "NH4-N plus P" or "NO3-N plus P". (3) The average concentrations of total phosphorus (TP), NO3-N, and NH4-N in Miyun Reservior were 0.017 mg P L-1, 0.620 mg N L-1, and 0.143 mg N L-1, respectively. The reservoir-wide average Chl a is below 20 μg L-1 on an annual basis. (4) Ammonium was an important factor for the growth of phytoplankton and inputs of both NH4-N and NO3-N should be reduced to control bloom formation. Our findings imply that although P load reduction is important, appropriate reductions of all forms of N in watershed is recommended in the nutrient management strategy for Miyun Reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghui Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lihuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Linlin Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yayong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China
- College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Henan, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuyong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China.
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Peng N, Li Y, Liu Z, Liu T, Gai C. Emission, distribution and toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during municipal solid waste (MSW) and coal co-combustion. Sci Total Environ 2016; 565:1201-1207. [PMID: 27265733 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Emission and distribution characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated during municipal solid waste (MSW) and coal combustion alone and MSW/coal blend (MSW weight fraction of 25%) co-combustion within a temperature range of 500°C-900°C. The results showed that for all combustion experiments, flue gas occupied the highest proportion of total PAHs and fly ash contained more high-ring PAHs. Moreover, the 3- and 4-ring PAHs accounted for the majority of total PAHs and Ant or Phe had the highest concentrations. Compared to coal, MSW combustion generated high levels of total PAHs with the range of 111.28μg/g-10,047.22μg/g and had high toxicity equivalent value (TEQ). MSW/coal co-combustion generated the smallest amounts of total PAHs and had the lowest TEQ than MSW and coal combustion alone. Significant synergistic interactions occurred between MSW and coal during co-combustion and the interactions suppressed the formation of PAHs, especially hazardous high-ring PAHs and decreased the TEQ. The present study indicated that the reduction of the yield and toxicity of PAHs can be achieved by co-combustion of MSW and coal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Peng
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Zhengang Liu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Tingting Liu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chao Gai
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Cazzola M, Calzetta L, Puxeddu E, Ora J, Facciolo F, Rogliani P, Matera MG. Pharmacological characterisation of the interaction between glycopyrronium bromide and indacaterol fumarate in human isolated bronchi, small airways and bronchial epithelial cells. Respir Res 2016; 17:70. [PMID: 27296533 PMCID: PMC4906998 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-016-0386-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nowadays, there is a considerable gap in knowledge concerning the mechanism(s) by which long-acting β2-agonists (LABAs) and long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) interact to induce bronchodilation. This study aimed to characterise the pharmacological interaction between glycopyrronium bromide and indacaterol fumarate and to identify the mechanism(s) leading to the bronchorelaxant effect of this interaction. METHODS The effects of glycopyrronium plus indacaterol on the contractile tone of medium and small human isolated bronchi were evaluated, and acetylcholine and cAMP concentrations were quantified. The interaction was assessed by Bliss Independence approach. RESULTS Glycopyrronium plus indacaterol synergistically inhibited the bronchial tone (medium bronchi, +32.51 % ± 7.86 %; small bronchi, +28.46 % ± 5.35 %; P < 0.05 vs. additive effect). The maximal effect was reached 140 min post-administration. A significant (P < 0.05) synergistic effect was observed during 9 h post-administration on the cholinergic tone, but not on the histaminergic contractility. Co-administration of glycopyrronium and indacaterol reduced the release of acetylcholine from the epithelium but not from bronchi, and enhanced cAMP levels in bronchi and epithelial cells (P < 0.05 vs. control), an effect that was inhibited by the selective KCa(++) channel blocker iberiotoxin. The role of cAMP-dependent pathway was confirmed by the synergistic effect elicited by the adenylate cyclase activator forskolin on glycopyrronium (P < 0.05 vs. additive effect), but not on indacaterol (P > 0.05 vs. additive effect), with regard of the bronchial relaxant response and cAMP increase. CONCLUSIONS Glycopyrronium/indacaterol co-administration leads to a synergistic improvement of bronchodilation by increasing cAMP concentrations in both airway smooth muscle and bronchial epithelium, and by decreasing acetylcholine release from the epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Cazzola
- Department of Systems Medicine, Chair of Respiratory Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Department of Systems Medicine, Respiratory Pharmacology Research Unit, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigino Calzetta
- Department of Systems Medicine, Respiratory Pharmacology Research Unit, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Ermanno Puxeddu
- Department of Systems Medicine, Chair of Respiratory Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Josuel Ora
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Facciolo
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Thoracic Surgery Unit, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Rogliani
- Department of Systems Medicine, Chair of Respiratory Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Matera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Unit of Pharmacology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Guo X, Liu J, Cai S, Wang O, Ji B. Synergistic interactions of apigenin, naringin, quercetin and emodin on inhibition of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation and pancreas lipase activity. Obes Res Clin Pract 2015; 10:327-39. [PMID: 26314502 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The interactions of four natural compounds including apigenin, naringin, emodin and quercetin were investigated on inhibiting 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation and pancreas lipase activity. Oil Red O staining was conducted to visualise and quantify lipid accumulation. The difference between experimental and calculated results was utilised for determining the interaction types. Interestingly, emodin synergistically interacted with the other three compounds, and the combination of emodin and apigenin exhibited the strongest synergistic effect in both differentiation and pancreas lipase assays. Results implied that the combination of apigenin and emodin may be regarded as a promising complementary therapy for management of overweight or obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoXuan Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Liu
- China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing 100027, People's Republic of China
| | - ShengBao Cai
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Ou Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - BaoPing Ji
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.
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Calzetta L, Cazzola M, Page CP, Rogliani P, Facciolo F, Matera MG. Pharmacological characterization of the interaction between the dual phosphodiesterase (PDE) 3/4 inhibitor RPL554 and glycopyrronium on human isolated bronchi and small airways. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2015; 32:15-23. [PMID: 25899618 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dual PDE3/4 inhibitor RPL 554 causes bronchodilation in patients with asthma or COPD and synergistically interacts with muscarinic receptor antagonists in relaxing human isolated bronchi in acute experimental settings. In the present study we investigated the long-lasting interaction between RPL554 and glycopyrronium by testing these drugs for their ability to relax both medium and small human isolated bronchi. METHODS The relaxant effect and duration of action of RPL554 and glycopyrronium, alone, or in combination, were studied on the contractile tone induced by electrical field stimulation (EFS) or carbachol in medium and small human isolated bronchi. Relaxation was expressed as percentage of maximal response and synergy analyzed by Bliss Independence theory. RESULTS Low concentrations of RPL554 and glycopyrronium induced maximal relaxation of medium bronchi at 160 ± 20 min and 50 ± 10 min, respectively, an effect detectable for at least 4 h. Maximal synergy was observed at ≃ 2 hrs (-71.4 ± 5.1%), and the combination extended the relaxation to at least 6 hrs, when the contractile tone was -41.2 ± 8.5% of the control responses. The combination induced the greatest effectiveness for EFS at 3 Hz and low-to-middle concentrations also produced significant synergism on small airways (21.1 ± 4.0%,P < 0.05), compared with the additive response. The combination induced lumen area enhancement of 69.1 ± 2.4% (P < 0.05), compared with the additive response (51.0 ± 5.4%). CONCLUSIONS RPL554 and glycopyrronium demonstrated a synergistic interaction in relaxing both human medium and small isolated bronchi, in terms of peak relaxation and an extended duration of action, suggesting that this combination may have a beneficial role in the treatment of asthma or COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigino Calzetta
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy.
| | - Mario Cazzola
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - Clive P Page
- Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Paola Rogliani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
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Kim J, Kim Y, Hahm SC, Yoon YW. Effect of the Combination of CI-988 and Morphine on Neuropathic Pain after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2015; 19:125-30. [PMID: 25729274 PMCID: PMC4342732 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2015.19.2.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cholecystokinin is known to be involved in the modulation of nociception and to reduce the efficacy of morphine analgesia. This study investigated the effects of intrathecal administration of morphine and the cholecystokinin type B antagonist CI-988 on below-level neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury in rats. We also examined the interaction of morphine and CI-988 in the antinociceptive effect. Both morphine and CI-988 given individually increased the paw withdrawal threshold to mechanical stimulation in a dose-dependent manner. The combination of ineffective doses of intrathecally administered CI-988 and morphine produced significant analgesic effects and the combination of effective doses resulted in analgesic effects that were greater than the sum of the individual effects of each drug. Thus, morphine showed a synergistic interaction with CI-988 for analgesia of central neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junesun Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Korea University College of Health Science, Seoul 136-703, Korea. ; Rehabilitation Science Program, Korea University College of Health Science, Seoul 136-703, Korea
| | - Youngkyung Kim
- Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-705, Korea
| | - Suk-Chan Hahm
- Department of Physical Therapy, Korea University College of Health Science, Seoul 136-703, Korea. ; Rehabilitation Science Program, Korea University College of Health Science, Seoul 136-703, Korea
| | - Young Wook Yoon
- Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-705, Korea
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Zhao C, Jia N, Wang C, Li Y, Li R, Cui J, Cao S, Wang L, Wu Y, Wen A. Synergistic antinociceptive interactions between fospropofol and alfentanil in mice. Pharmacol Rep 2015; 67:152-9. [PMID: 25560590 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2014.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combination therapy, which provides the opportunity to achieve optimal analgesia with reduced side effects at lower drug doses, is a valid approach for the treatment of pain. The analgesic interaction between fospropofol and alfentanil has not been investigated till date. We sought to determine the nature of the interaction between fospropofol and alfentanil in mice models of the formalin test, hot-plate test and the tail-flick test. METHODS The effects of fospropofol, alfentanil and their combinations were examined in the formalin-induced paw inflammatory hyperalgesia, the hot-plate test and the tail-flick test in mice. In the three models, dose-response curves were established and their respective ED50 (50% effective dose) values were determined separately for each agent. Fixed-ratio combinations of fospropofol and alfentanil were tested for their combined antinociceptive effects, and the type of interaction was determined by the isobolographic analysis. RESULTS Fospropofol, alfentanil and their combination produced a dose-dependent decrease in the number of flinches during phase 1 of the formalin test. In the hot-plate test and in the tail-flick test, fospropofol, alfentanil and their combination significantly and dose dependently prolonged the latency of withdrawal. In the three models, isobolographic analysis revealed a significant synergistic interaction between fospropofol and alfentanil. The ED50 value for the drug combination was significantly lower than the theoretical additive value (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that fospropofol and alfentanil provide synergistic antinociceptive interactions in the formalin, hot-plate, and tail-flick tests. The observed synergistic interaction between fospropofol and alfentanil are indicative of the effectiveness of the combination treatment in pain management and should be explored further in patients undergoing minor surgical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Na Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuwen Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ruili Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jia Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shanshan Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yin Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Aidong Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Pramanik P, Kim PJ. Evaluating changes in cellulolytic bacterial population to explain methane emissions from air-dried and composted manure treated rice paddy soils. Sci Total Environ 2014; 470-471:1307-1312. [PMID: 24252202 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.10.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Compost application recorded ~20% reduction in methane (CH4) emission during rice cultivation as compared to air-dried manure treatment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the dependence of methanogens on cellulolytic bacteria (CB) to produce CH4 in organic-amended rice paddy soils. The presence of more decomposable organic C in manure was probably the key factor for higher CH4 emission from manure-treated soils as compared to compost application. Manure application facilitated anaerobic CB abundance in rice paddy soils, and that in turn increased concentrations of dissolved organic C compounds like carbohydrates in soil. Soluble organic C compounds are converted into acetate and/or carbon dioxide, which act as initial energy source for methanogens. Therefore, it could be concluded that CB positively influenced methanogen activity and methanogenesis and stabilized organic substrates like compost are more rational treatment to mitigate CH4 emission from rice paddy soil than cattle manure application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Pramanik
- Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660701, South Korea.
| | - Pil Joo Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660701, South Korea.
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