1
|
Jahan J, Joshi S, Oca IMD, Toelle A, Lopez-Yang C, Chacon CV, Beyer AM, Garcia CA, Jarajapu YP. The role of telomerase reverse transcriptase in the mitochondrial protective functions of Angiotensin-(1-7) in diabetic CD34 + cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116109. [PMID: 38458330 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Angiotensin (Ang)-(1-7) stimulates vasoprotective functions of diabetic (DB) CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells partly by decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS), increasing nitric oxide (NO) levels and decreasing TGFβ1 secretion. Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) translocates to mitochondria and regulates ROS generation. Alternative splicing of TERT results in variants α-, β- and α-β-TERT, which may oppose functions of full-length (FL) TERT. This study tested if the protective functions of Ang-(1-7) or TGFβ1-silencing are mediated by mitoTERT and that diabetes decreases FL-TERT expression by inducing splicing. CD34+ cells were isolated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of nondiabetic (ND, n = 68) or DB (n = 74) subjects. NO and mitoROS levels were evaluated by flow cytometry. TERT splice variants and mitoDNA-lesions were characterized by qPCR. TRAP assay was used for telomerase activity. Decoy peptide was used to block mitochondrial translocation (mitoXTERT). TERT inhibitor or mitoXTERT prevented the effects of Ang-(1-7) on NO or mitoROS levels in DB-CD34+ cells. FL-TERT expression and telomerase activity were lower and mitoDNA-lesions were higher in DB cells compared to ND and were reversed by Ang-(1-7) or TGFβ1-silencing. The prevalence of TERT splice variants, with predominant β-TERT expression, was higher and the expression of FL-TERT was lower in DB cells (n = 25) compared to ND (n = 30). Ang-(1-7) or TGFβ1-silencing decreased TERT-splicing and increased FL-TERT. Blocking of β-splicing increased FL-TERT and protected mitoDNA in DB-cells. The findings suggest that diabetes induces TERT-splicing in CD34+ cells and that β-TERT splice variant largely contributes to the mitoDNA oxidative damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesmin Jahan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Shrinidh Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | | | - Andrew Toelle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | | | | | - Andreas M Beyer
- Department of Medicine and Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | | | - Yagna Pr Jarajapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhao R, Dong J, Liu C, Li M, Tan R, Fei C, Chen Y, Yang X, Shi J, Xu J, Wang L, Li P, Zhang Z. Thrombospondin-1 promotes mechanical stress-mediated ligamentum flavum hypertrophy through the TGFβ1/Smad3 signaling pathway. Matrix Biol 2024; 127:8-22. [PMID: 38281553 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Lumbar spinal canal stenosis is primarily caused by ligamentum flavum hypertrophy (LFH), which is a significant pathological factor. Nevertheless, the precise molecular basis for the development of LFH remains uncertain. The current investigation observed a notable increase in thrombospondin-1 (THBS1) expression in LFH through proteomics analysis and single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis of clinical ligamentum flavum specimens. In laboratory experiments, it was demonstrated that THBS1 triggered the activation of Smad3 signaling induced by transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1), leading to the subsequent enhancement of COL1A2 and α-SMA, which are fibrosis markers. Furthermore, experiments conducted on a bipedal standing mouse model revealed that THBS1 played a crucial role in the development of LFH. Sestrin2 (SESN2) acted as a stress-responsive protein that suppressed the expression of THBS1, thus averting the progression of fibrosis in ligamentum flavum (LF) cells. To summarize, these results indicate that mechanical overloading causes an increase in THBS1 production, which triggers the TGFβ1/Smad3 signaling pathway and ultimately results in the development of LFH. Targeting the suppression of THBS1 expression may present a novel approach for the treatment of LFH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Run Zhao
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Jiale Dong
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Chunlei Liu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangdong 511518, China
| | - Mingheng Li
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Ruiqian Tan
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Chengshuo Fei
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Yanlin Chen
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Xinxing Yang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Jiawei Shi
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Jiajia Xu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Academy of Orthopedics, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China.
| | - Peng Li
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
| | - Zhongmin Zhang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Huang Q, Chen J, Liao S, Long J, Fang R, He Y, Chen P, Liu D. The SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin inhibits skeletal muscle fibrosis in naturally aging male mice through the AMPKα/MMP9/TGF-β1/Smad pathway. Biogerontology 2024:10.1007/s10522-024-10093-y. [PMID: 38403802 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-024-10093-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
ABSTACT With advancing age, the incidence of sarcopenia increases, eventually leading to a cascade of adverse events. However, there is currently a lack of effective pharmacological treatment for sarcopenia. Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) empagliflozin demonstrates anti-fibrotic capabilities in various organs. This study aims to determine whether empagliflozin can improve skeletal muscle fibrosis induced by sarcopenia in naturally aging mice. A natural aging model was established by feeding male mice from 13 months of age to 19 months of age. A fibrosis model was created by stimulating skeletal muscle fibroblasts with TGF-β1. The Forelimb grip strength test assessed skeletal muscle function, and expression levels of COL1A1, COL3A1, and α-SMA were analyzed by western blot, qPCR, and immunohistochemistry. Additionally, levels of AMPKα/MMP9/TGFβ1/Smad signaling pathways were examined. In naturally aging mice, skeletal muscle function declines, expression of muscle fibrosis markers increases, AMPKα expression is downregulated, and MMP9/TGFβ1/Smad signaling pathways are upregulated. However, treatment with empagliflozin reverses this phenomenon. At the cellular level, empagliflozin exhibits similar anti-fibrotic effects, and these effects are attenuated by Compound C and siAMPKα. Empagliflozin exhibits anti-fibrotic effects, possibly associated with the AMPK/MMP9/TGFβ1/Smad signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qixuan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 400700, China
| | - Siqi Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Jiangchuan Long
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Ronghua Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Yusen He
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Peiyun Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Dongfang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fioretto BS, Rosa I, Andreucci E, Mencucci R, Marini M, Romano E, Manetti M. Pharmacological Stimulation of Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Counteracts the Profibrotic Activation of Human Conjunctival Fibroblasts. Cells 2024; 13:360. [PMID: 38391973 PMCID: PMC10887040 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Conjunctival fibrosis is a serious clinical concern implicated in a wide spectrum of eye diseases, including outcomes of surgery for pterygium and glaucoma. It is mainly driven by chronic inflammation that stimulates conjunctival fibroblasts to differentiate into myofibroblasts over time, leading to abnormal wound healing and scar formation. Soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulation was found to suppress transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)-induced myofibroblastic differentiation in various stromal cells such as skin and pulmonary fibroblasts, as well as corneal keratocytes. Here, we evaluated the in vitro effects of stimulation of the sGC enzyme with the cell-permeable pyrazolopyridinylpyrimidine compound BAY 41-2272 in modulating the TGFβ1-mediated profibrotic activation of human conjunctival fibroblasts. Cells were pretreated with the sGC stimulator before challenging with recombinant human TGFβ1, and subsequently assayed for viability, proliferation, migration, invasiveness, myofibroblast marker expression, and contractile properties. Stimulation of sGC significantly counteracted TGFβ1-induced cell proliferation, migration, invasiveness, and acquisition of a myofibroblast-like phenotype, as shown by a significant downregulation of FAP, ACTA2, COL1A1, COL1A2, FN1, MMP2, TIMP1, and TIMP2 mRNA levels, as well as by a significant reduction in α-smooth muscle actin, N-cadherin, COL1A1, and FN-EDA protein expression. In addition, pretreatment with the sGC stimulator was capable of significantly dampening TGFβ1-induced acquisition of a contractile phenotype by conjunctival fibroblasts, as well as phosphorylation of Smad3 and release of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6. Taken together, our findings are the first to demonstrate the effectiveness of pharmacological sGC stimulation in counteracting conjunctival fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition, thus providing a promising scientific background to further explore the feasibility of sGC stimulators as potential new adjuvant therapeutic compounds to treat conjunctival fibrotic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Saveria Fioretto
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (B.S.F.); (I.R.); (M.M.)
| | - Irene Rosa
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (B.S.F.); (I.R.); (M.M.)
| | - Elena Andreucci
- Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy;
| | - Rita Mencucci
- Eye Clinic, Careggi Hospital, Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy;
| | - Mirca Marini
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (B.S.F.); (I.R.); (M.M.)
| | - Eloisa Romano
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy;
| | - Mirko Manetti
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (B.S.F.); (I.R.); (M.M.)
- Imaging Platform, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sun J, Yang R, Fu J, Huo D, Qu X, Tan C, Chen H, Wang X. TGFβ1-induced hedgehog signaling suppresses the immune response of brain microvascular endothelial cells elicited by meningitic Escherichia coli. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:123. [PMID: 38360663 PMCID: PMC10868028 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01383-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meningitic Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the major etiological agent of bacterial meningitis, a life-threatening infectious disease with severe neurological sequelae and high mortality. The major cause of central nervous system (CNS) damage and sequelae is the bacterial-induced inflammatory storm, where the immune response of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is crucial. METHODS Western blot, real-time PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence, and dual-luciferase reporter assay were used to investigate the suppressor role of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) in the immune response of brain microvascular endothelial cells elicited by meningitic E. coli. RESULT In this work, we showed that exogenous TGFβ1 and induced noncanonical Hedgehog (HH) signaling suppressed the endothelial immune response to meningitic E. coli infection via upregulation of intracellular miR-155. Consequently, the increased miR-155 suppressed ERK1/2 activation by negatively regulating KRAS, thereby decreasing IL-6, MIP-2, and E-selectin expression. In addition, the exogenous HH signaling agonist SAG demonstrated promising protection against meningitic E. coli-induced neuroinflammation. CONCLUSION Our work revealed the effect of TGFβ1 antagonism on E. coli-induced BBB immune response and suggested that activation of HH signaling may be a potential protective strategy for future bacterial meningitis therapy. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinrui Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ruicheng Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jiyang Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Dong Huo
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xinyi Qu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chen Tan
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiangru Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dudakovic A, Limberg AK, Bothun CE, Dilger OB, Bayram B, Bettencourt JW, Salmons HI, Thaler R, Karczewski DC, Owen AR, Iyer VG, Payne AN, Carstens MF, van Wijnen AJ, Berry DJ, Sanchez-Sotelo J, Morrey ME, Abdel MP. AdipoRon reduces TGFβ1-mediated collagen deposition in vitro and alleviates knee stiffness in vivo. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31168. [PMID: 38149794 PMCID: PMC10922972 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Arthrofibrosis, which causes joint motion restrictions, is a common complication following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Key features associated with arthrofibrosis include myofibroblast activation, knee stiffness, and excessive scar tissue formation. We previously demonstrated that adiponectin levels are suppressed within the knee tissues of patients affected by arthrofibrosis and showed that AdipoRon, an adiponectin receptor agonist, exhibited anti-fibrotic properties in human mesenchymal stem cells. In this study, the therapeutic potential of AdipoRon was evaluated on TGFβ1-mediated myofibroblast differentiation of primary human knee fibroblasts and in a mouse model of knee stiffness. Picrosirius red staining revealed that AdipoRon reduced TGFβ1-induced collagen deposition in primary knee fibroblasts derived from patients undergoing primary TKA and revision TKA for arthrofibrosis. AdipoRon also reduced mRNA and protein levels of ACTA2, a key myofibroblast marker. RNA-seq analysis corroborated the anti-myofibrogenic effects of AdipoRon. In our knee stiffness mouse model, 6 weeks of knee immobilization, to induce a knee contracture, in conjunction with daily vehicle (DMSO) or AdipoRon (1, 5, and 25 mg/kg) via intraperitoneal injections were well tolerated based on animal behavior and weight measurements. Biomechanical testing demonstrated that passive extension angles (PEAs) of experimental knees were similar between vehicle and AdipoRon treatment groups in mice evaluated immediately following immobilization. Interestingly, relative to vehicle-treated mice, 5 mg/kg AdipoRon therapy improved the PEA of the experimental knees in mice that underwent 4 weeks of knee remobilization following the immobilization and therapy. Together, these studies revealed that AdipoRon may be an effective therapeutic modality for arthrofibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amel Dudakovic
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Afton K. Limberg
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Cole E. Bothun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Oliver B. Dilger
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Banu Bayram
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Roman Thaler
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Aaron R. Owen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Varun G. Iyer
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ashley N. Payne
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Andre J. van Wijnen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Daniel J. Berry
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Mark E. Morrey
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Matthew P. Abdel
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ma W, Yang J, Zhang J, He R, Luo Y, Li C, Zhao F, Tao F, Fan J, Yin L, Zhu K, Niu S, Li L. Cerebral protective effect of in situ and remote ischemic postconditioning on ischemic stroke rat via the TGFβ1-Smad2/3 signaling pathway. Brain Res 2024; 1824:148685. [PMID: 38006988 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Patients with acute ischemic stroke achieve inadequate benefit due to the short therapeutic window for thrombolysis and the risk of ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury. Ischemic postconditioning induces endogenous cerebral protection for acute ischemic stroke, although the protective mechanisms associated with ischemic postconditioning haven't been well clarified. In present study, the rat models of ischemic cerebral stroke with in situ and remote ischemic postconditioning (ISP and RIP) were established successfully. The Zea Longa and the modified neurological severity scoring (mNSS) were carried out to evaluate neurological function in the rats, while the open field test was explored to estimate their autonomic athletic ability. The 2,3,5-riphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining method was used to measure the size of the infarcts. TUNEL and Nissl's staining were used to detect the apoptosis rate of cells in the ischemic penumbra, with the expression of TGFβ1, Smad2, and Smad3 in the ischemic penumbra and serum detected by immunohistochemical staining, qRT-PCR, Western blots, and ELISA analysis. We showed that application of both types of ischemic postconditioning had cerebral protective effects for the ischemic stroke rats, that included effective reduction in the volume of cerebral infarction, alleviation of apoptosis and inflammation in the ischemic penumbra, and promotion of recovery of neurological function. These effects included significantly enriched gene ontology (GO) terms after RIP intervention that were related to TGFβ1, increased protein levels of TGFβ1 and decreased levels of p-Smad2/3 and smad3 following RIP intervention. We showed that the TGFβ1-Smad2/3 signaling pathway was associated with the cerebral protection of ischemic postconditioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ma
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jinwei Yang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China; Second Department of General Surgery, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jinfen Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Rui He
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China; Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Fengping Tao
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jingjing Fan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Luwei Yin
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Kewei Zhu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shourui Niu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Liyan Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Schmidt KE, Höving AL, Kiani Zahrani S, Trevlopoulou K, Kaltschmidt B, Knabbe C, Kaltschmidt C. Serum-Induced Proliferation of Human Cardiac Stem Cells Is Modulated via TGFβRI/II and SMAD2/3. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:959. [PMID: 38256034 PMCID: PMC10815425 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The ageing phenotype is strongly driven by the exhaustion of adult stem cells (ASCs) and the accumulation of senescent cells. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and heart failure (HF) are strongly linked to the ageing phenotype and are the leading cause of death. As the human heart is considered as an organ with low regenerative capacity, treatments targeting the rejuvenation of human cardiac stem cells (hCSCs) are of great interest. In this study, the beneficial effects of human blood serum on proliferation and senescence of hCSCs have been investigated at the molecular level. We show the induction of a proliferation-related gene expression response by human blood serum at the mRNA level. The concurrent differential expression of the TGFβ target and inhibitor genes indicates the participation of TGFβ signalling in this context. Surprisingly, the application of TGFβ1 as well as the inhibition of TGFβ type I and type II receptor (TGFβRI/II) signalling strongly increased the proliferation of hCSCs. Likewise, both human blood serum and TGFβ1 reduced the senescence in hCSCs. The protective effect of serum on senescence in hCSCs was enhanced by simultaneous TGFβRI/II inhibition. These results strongly indicate a dual role of TGFβ signalling in terms of the serum-mediated effects on hCSCs. Further analysis via RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) revealed the participation of Ras-inactivating genes wherefore a prevention of hyperproliferation upon serum-treatment in hCSCs via TGFβ signalling and Ras-induced senescence is suggested. These insights may improve treatments of heart failure in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuko E. Schmidt
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (K.E.S.); (S.K.Z.); (K.T.); (B.K.); (C.K.)
- Institute for Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Heart and Diabetes Centre NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
- Medical Faculty OWL, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Anna L. Höving
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (K.E.S.); (S.K.Z.); (K.T.); (B.K.); (C.K.)
- Institute for Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Heart and Diabetes Centre NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
- Medical Faculty OWL, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Sina Kiani Zahrani
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (K.E.S.); (S.K.Z.); (K.T.); (B.K.); (C.K.)
| | - Katerina Trevlopoulou
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (K.E.S.); (S.K.Z.); (K.T.); (B.K.); (C.K.)
| | - Barbara Kaltschmidt
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (K.E.S.); (S.K.Z.); (K.T.); (B.K.); (C.K.)
- AG Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Cornelius Knabbe
- Institute for Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Heart and Diabetes Centre NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
- Medical Faculty OWL, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Christian Kaltschmidt
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (K.E.S.); (S.K.Z.); (K.T.); (B.K.); (C.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang M, Guan Y, Han M, Kong F, Xu A, Jin X, Hu X, Dong F, Zhang N, Peng X, Liu D, Chen Y, Zhao R, Zhu X, Zhang Y, Lu C, Hou W, Liu L, Li D, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Zhang S. Foxo1 Drives the TGFβ1-Dependent Dichotomy of Th17 Cell Fates. J Leukoc Biol 2024:qiae004. [PMID: 38193891 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiae004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
T-helper 17 (Th17) cells play a dual role in immunological responses, serving as essential components in tissue homeostasis and host defense against microbial pathogens while also contributing to pro-inflammatory conditions and autoimmunity. While Transforming Growth Factor-beta 1 (TGFβ1) is pivotal for the differentiation of non-pathogenic Th17 cells, the role of TGFβ3 and Activin in steering Th17 cells toward a pathogenic phenotype has been acknowledged. However, the molecular mechanisms governing this dichotomy remain elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that the transcription factor Foxo1 is upregulated in a TGFβ1 dose-dependent manner, serving as a critical regulator that specifically modulates the fate of pathogenic Th17 cells. Analyses in both uveitis patients and an Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis (EAU) mouse model reveal a strong correlation between disease severity and diminished Foxo1 expression levels. Ectopic expression of Foxo1 selectively attenuates IL-17A production under pathogenic Th17-inducing conditions. Moreover, enhanced Foxo1 expression, triggered by TGFβ1 signaling, is implicated in fatty acid metabolism pathways that favor non-pathogenic Th17 differentiation. Our drug screening identifies several FDA-approved compounds can upregulate Foxo1. Collectively, our findings offer evidence that Foxo1 serves as a molecular switch to specifically control pathogenic versus non-pathogenic Th17 differentiation in a TGFβ1-dependent manner. Suggest that targeting Foxo1 could be a promising therapeutic strategy for autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengjuan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yude Guan
- College of Life Sciences, Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Meijuan Han
- College of Life Sciences, Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fandi Kong
- College of Life Sciences, Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Aoyu Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohan Jin
- College of Life Sciences, Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Nianchao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiuping Peng
- College of Life Sciences, Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dantong Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongyan Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruxin Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiulei Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Congcong Lu
- College of Life Sciences, Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen Hou
- College of Life Sciences, Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital
| | - Song Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zeng Z, Zeng X, Li X, Feng Y, Kan Y, Liu X, Zeng Y. The Efficacy and Safety of Polyethylene Glycol Cholesterol- and Tocopherol Polyethylene Glycol 1000 Succinate-Modified Transforming Growth Factor β1 Small Interfering RNA Lipid Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Paclitaxel-Resistant Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:75. [PMID: 38258086 PMCID: PMC10820430 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the efficacy and safety of TGFβ1 siRNA lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) modified with different PEG derivatives (PEG5000 cholesterol, abbreviated as CE; tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate, abbreviated as TPGS) in the treatment of paclitaxel-resistant non-small-cell lung cancer. Three kinds of TGFβ1 siRNA LNPs were prepared via microfluidics technology, using different PEG derivatives and dosages (CE1.5, CE2.5, TPGS2.5) as variables. Their particle size, zeta potential, contents, and encapsulation efficiencies were determined. The inhibition of TGFβ1 mRNA and protein expression and the effects of the three kinds of LNPs on the proliferation of paclitaxel-resistant non-small-cell lung cancer cells (A549/T cell) were characterized. The distributions of the three siRNA LNPs in nude mice bearing A549/T tumors, especially at the tumor site, were observed using in vivo mouse imaging technology, and their corresponding efficacies were evaluated. The average particle size of the three kinds of TGFβ1 siRNA LNPs was about 70-80 nm, and they were capable of charge flipping. All three siRNA LNPs could effectively inhibit the expression of TGFβ1 mRNA and protein in A549/T cells and inhibit the proliferation of A549/T cells in vitro. The results of in vivo mice imaging showed that the three kinds of siRNA LNPs, when labeled with cypate, retain strong fluorescence in the tumor at 24 h. The pharmacodynamic results, such as for relative tumor volumes and tumor inhibition rates, reveal that TGFβ1 siRNA LNPs modified with CE1.5, CE2.5, or TPGS2.5 can be used to effectively treat paclitaxel-resistant lung adenocarcinoma. The histopathological results showed that the three kinds of LNPs have a certain toxicity but are relatively safe compared to common forms of chemotherapy such as cabazitaxel. TGFβ1 siRNA LNPs modified with CE1.5, CE2.5, and TPGS2.5 can inhibit TGFβ1 mRNA and protein expression in A549/T cells in vitro and can accumulate and play a role in the tumor tissue of nude mice, features that can be exploited for treating paclitaxel-resistant lung adenocarcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowu Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xianglong Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yuxin Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yue Kan
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xingyan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yiying Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang Z, Castro N, Bernstein AM, Wolosin JM. TGFβ1-driven SMAD2/3 phosphorylation and myofibroblast emergence are fully dependent on the TGFβ1 pre-activation of MAPKs and controlled by maternal leucine zipper kinase. Cell Signal 2024; 113:110963. [PMID: 37931692 PMCID: PMC10959399 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Following wounding, endogenously secreted TGFβs drive resident and bone marrow-derived cells to convert into α-smooth actin (SMA)-rich, contractile myofibroblasts. The TGFβ effect is initiated by the phosphorylation of SMADs 2 and 3 (SMAD2/3). This event has been referred to as the canonical response to TGFβ. TGFβ also elicits other responses viewed as parallel events not directly connected to the SMAD activation, and thus referred to as noncanonical. A recognized response is the phosphorylation of the -activated kinase (TAK1/MAP3K), an upstream component of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade. We have now examined the relationship between these two effects of TGFβ1 at their earliest stages. The bulk of the studies were carried out with primary fibroblasts derived from the human cornea. The results' widespread relevance was confirmed in critical experiments with dermal-, and Tenon's capsule-derived fibroblasts. Cells were treated with kinase inhibitors or targeting siRNAs followed by induction by 2 ng/ml TGFβ1, and/or 10 ng/ml TNF-α. Cells were collected after 1 to 30 min for Western blot analysis and assayed for the accumulation of phosphorylated TAK1, ASK1, JNK1/2, p38, HPS27, MELK, SMAD2/3, and GAPDH. The effect of the kinase inhibitors on α-SMA expression and α-SMA stress fiber organization was also tested. For the immediate response to TGFβ1 we found that a) activation of the MAPK pathway was completed within 1 min after the addition of TGFβ1; b) phosphorylation of JNK1/2 was fully dependent on TAK1 and ASK1 activity, c) phosphorylation of MELK was fully dependent on JNK1/2 activity; d) phosphorylation of ASK1 depends on MELK activity, indicating the existence of an ASK1-MELK positive activation feedback loop; e) phosphorylation of SMAD2/3 started only after a 5 min period and reached a nadir after 10-15 min, f) the latter phosphorylation was fully blocked by inhibition of TAK1, ASK1, JNK1/2, and MELK, and siRNA-driven MELK downregulation; g) the inhibitors equally blocked the α-SMA protein expression, stress fiber development, and cell morphology changes at 72 h. These results demonstrate that the activation of the canonical pathway is fully subordinate to the activity of the MAPK pathway, challenging the concept of canonical and noncanonical TGFβ pathways and that SMAD2/3 activation is mediated by MELK, a kinase not previously associated with rapid pharmacological responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nileyma Castro
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Audrey M Bernstein
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA; New York VA Health Care, Medical Center, Syracuse, VA, USA
| | - J Mario Wolosin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kubica S, Szota-Czyż J, Strzałka-Mrozik B, Adamska J, Bębenek E, Chrobak E, Gola JM. The Influence of Betulin Derivatives EB5 and ECH147 on the Expression of Selected TGFβ Superfamily Genes, TGFβ1, GDF15 and BMP2, in Renal Proximal Tubule Epithelial Cells. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:9961-9975. [PMID: 38132468 PMCID: PMC10741875 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45120622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Betulin derivatives are proposed to serve as an alternative to the drugs already established in oncologic treatment. Drug-induced nephrotoxicity leading to acute kidney injury frequently accompanies cancer treatment, and thus there is a need to research the effects of betulin derivatives on renal cells. The objective of our study was to assess the influence of the betulin derivatives 28-propynylobetulin (EB5) and 29-diethoxyphosphoryl-28-propynylobetulin (ECH147) on the expression of TGFβ1, BMP2 and GDF15 in renal proximal tubule epithelial cells (RPTECs) cultured in vitro. The changes in mRNA expression and copy numbers were assessed using real-time reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and the standard curve method, respectively. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to evaluate the effect of the betulin derivatives on the protein concentration in the culture media's supernatant. The assessment of the betulin derivatives' influence on gene expression demonstrated that the mRNA level and protein concentration did not always correlate with each other. Each of the tested compounds affected the mRNA expression. The RT-qPCR analyses showed that EB5 and ECH147 induced effects similar to those of betulin or cisplatin and resulted in a decrease in the mRNA copy number of all the analyzed genes. The ELISA demonstrated that EB5 and ECH147 elevated the protein concentration of TGFβ1 and GDF15, while the level of BMP2 decreased. The concentration of the derivatives used in the treatment was crucial, but the effects did not always exhibit a simple linear dose-dependent relationship. Betulin and its derivatives, EB5 and ECH147, influenced the gene expression of TGFβ1, BMP2 and GDF15 in the renal proximal tubule epithelial cells. The observed effects raise the question of whether treatment with these compounds could promote the development of renal fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Kubica
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (S.K.); (J.S.-C.); (J.A.); (J.M.G.)
| | - Justyna Szota-Czyż
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (S.K.); (J.S.-C.); (J.A.); (J.M.G.)
| | - Barbara Strzałka-Mrozik
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (S.K.); (J.S.-C.); (J.A.); (J.M.G.)
| | - Jolanta Adamska
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (S.K.); (J.S.-C.); (J.A.); (J.M.G.)
| | - Ewa Bębenek
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (E.B.); (E.C.)
| | - Elwira Chrobak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (E.B.); (E.C.)
| | - Joanna Magdalena Gola
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (S.K.); (J.S.-C.); (J.A.); (J.M.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Giotopoulou N, Shi W, Parniewska MM, Sun W, Fuxe J. TGFß1 Stimulates Lymphatic Endothelial Cells to Produce IL7 and IL15, Which Act as Chemotactic Factors for Breast Cancer Cells with Mesenchymal Properties. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2023; 28:25. [PMID: 38055067 PMCID: PMC10700205 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-023-09552-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The lymphatic system is a major gateway for tumor cell dissemination but the mechanisms of how tumor cells gain access to lymphatic vessels are not completely understood. Breast cancer cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) gain invasive and migratory properties. Overexpression of the cytokine transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1), a potent inducer of EMT, is frequently detected in the tumor microenvironment and correlates with invasion and lymph metastasis. Recently, we reported that TGFβ1 stimulated breast cancer cells with mesenchymal properties to migrate in a targeted fashion towards the lymphatic system via CCR7/CCL21-mediated chemotaxis, similar to dendritic cells during inflammation. Here, we aimed to identify additional chemotactic factors and corresponding receptors that could be involved in guiding breast cancer cells through the lymphatic system. Through a combination of RNA sequencing analysis, database screening and invasion assays we identified IL7/IL7R and IL15/IL15R as pairs of chemokines and receptors with potential roles in promoting chemotactic migration of breast cancer cells with mesenchymal properties towards the lymphatics. The results demonstrate the capacity of TGFβ1 to orchestrate crosstalk between tumor cells and lymphatic endothelial cells and warrant further studies to explore the roles of IL7 and IL15 in promoting lymph metastasis of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolina Giotopoulou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-14152, Sweden
| | - Wenyang Shi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-14152, Sweden
| | - Malgorzata Maria Parniewska
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-14152, Sweden
| | - Wenwen Sun
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-17164, Sweden
- Division of Clinical Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, SE-14186, Sweden
| | - Jonas Fuxe
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-14152, Sweden.
- Division of Clinical Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, SE-14186, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abeledo-Machado A, Peña-Zanoni M, Bornancini D, Díaz-Torga G. Revealing Sexual Dimorphism in Prolactin Regulation From Early Postnatal Development to Adulthood in Murine Models. J Endocr Soc 2023; 8:bvad146. [PMID: 38045876 PMCID: PMC10690727 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvad146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum prolactin (PRL) levels exhibit a gradual rise both in male and female rats from birth to adulthood, with females consistently displaying higher levels compared to age-matched males. This pattern has traditionally been attributed to the development and maturation of endocrine and neuroendocrine networks responsible for regulating PRL synthesis and secretion. However, the effect of dopamine (DA), which acts as an inhibitory factor on lactotroph function, also increases from birth to puberty, particularly in females. Nonetheless, the secretion of PRL remains higher in females compared to males. On the other hand, the observed sex differences in serum PRL levels during early postnatal development cannot be attributed to the influence of estradiol (E2). While serum E2 levels gradually increase after birth, only after 45 days of life do the disparities in E2 levels between females and males become evident. These observations collectively suggest that neither the maturation of hypothalamic DA regulation nor the rise in E2 levels can account for the progressive and sustained elevation in serum PRL levels and the observed sexual dimorphism during postnatal development. This review highlights the importance of recent discoveries in animal models that shed light on inhibitory mechanisms in the control of PRL secretion within the pituitary gland itself, that is intrapituitary mechanisms, with a specific emphasis on the role of transforming growth factor β1 and activins in PRL secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Abeledo-Machado
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Fundación IBYME, CONICET, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
| | - Milagros Peña-Zanoni
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Fundación IBYME, CONICET, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
| | - Dana Bornancini
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Fundación IBYME, CONICET, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
| | - Graciela Díaz-Torga
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Fundación IBYME, CONICET, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Peng TJ, Wu YC, Tang SJ, Sun GH, Sun KH. TGFβ1 induces CXCL1 to promote stemness features in lung cancer. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:2249-2261. [PMID: 38158808 PMCID: PMC10903253 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231220662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemokines critically orchestrate the tumorigenesis, metastasis, and stemness features of cancer cells that lead to poor outcomes. High plasma levels of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) correlate with poor prognostic features in advanced lung cancer patients, thus suggesting the importance of TGFβ1 in the lung tumor microenvironment. However, the role of chemokines in TGFβ1-induced tumor stemness features remains unclear. Here, we clarify the previously undocumented role of CXCL1 in TGFβ1-induced lung cancer stemness features. CXCL1 and its receptor CXCR2 were significantly upregulated in TGFβ1-induced lung cancer stem cells (CSCs). CXCL1 silencing (shCXCL1) suppressed stemness gene expression, tumorsphere formation, colony formation, drug resistance, and in vivo tumorigenicity in TGFβ1-induced lung tumorspheres. Immunohistochemistry staining showed that patients with stage II/III lung cancer had higher expression levels of CXCL1. The levels of CXCL1 were positively associated with lymph node metastasis and correlated with the expression of the CSC transcription factor Oct-4. Furthermore, online database analysis revealed that CXCL1 expression was negatively correlated with lung cancer survival in patients. Patients with high TGFβ1/CXCL1/CD44 co-expression had a worse survival rate. We suggest that CXCL1 serves as a crucial factor in TGFβ1-induced stemness features of lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ta-Jung Peng
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304
- Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304
| | - Yi-Ching Wu
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304
| | - Shye-Jye Tang
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202301
| | - Guang-Huan Sun
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114202
| | - Kuang-Hui Sun
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304
- Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 103212
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Altunok TH, Muchut RJ, Iglesias AA, Yalcin A. Transforming growth factor β1 upregulates 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose 2,6-bisphosphatase-4 expression in A549 and MCF-10A cells. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:1220-1229. [PMID: 37707291 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) induces a cellular process known as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) associated with metabolic reprogramming, including enhanced glycolysis. Given the involvement of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose 2,6-bisphosphatase (PFKFB) enzymes in glycolysis, we aimed to investigate whether TGFβ1 regulates expressions of PFKFB genes and if PFKFBs are required for TGFβ1-driven phenotypes. A549 and MCF-10A cell lines were used as TGFβ1-driven EMT models. Messenger RNA expressions of PFKFB and EMT genes were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. A small interfering RNA approach was used to deplete PFKFB4 expression. A Matrigel invasion assay was conducted to assess the effect of PFKFB4 silencing on the TGFβ1-enhanced invasion of A549 cells. F2,6BP levels were analyzed using an enzyme-coupled assay. Glucose and lactate concentrations were determined using colorimetric assays. TGFβ1 robustly induced expression of the fourth isoform of PFKFBs, PFKFB4, in both cell lines. PFKFB4 depletion partially inhibits mesenchymal transdifferentiation caused by TGFβ1 in A549 cells, as assessed by microscopy. Inductions of Snail in MCF-10A cells and Fibronectin in A549 cells and repressions of E-cadherin in both cell lines by TGFβ1 are attenuated by PFKFB4 silencing. PFKFB4 silencing reduces F2,6BP and glycolytic activity, although TGFβ1 alone does not affect these parameters. Finally, PFKFB4 depletion suppresses the TGFβ1-driven invasion of A549 cells through Matrigel. Presented data suggest that TGFβ1 induces the expression of PFKFB4 in A549 and MCF-10 cells, and PFKFB4 may be required for TGFβ1-driven phenotypes such as EMT and invasion in these models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tugba H Altunok
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Robertino J Muchut
- Department of Molecular Enzymology, Coastal Agrobiotechnology Institute, National University of Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Alberto A Iglesias
- Department of Molecular Enzymology, Coastal Agrobiotechnology Institute, National University of Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Abdullah Yalcin
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Altmann N, Bowlby C, Coughlin H, Belacic Z, Sullivan S, Durgam S. Interleukin-6 upregulates extracellular matrix gene expression and transforming growth factor β1 activity of tendon progenitor cells. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:907. [PMID: 37993850 PMCID: PMC10664499 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-07047-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolonged inflammation during tendon healing and poor intrinsic healing capacity of tendon are causal factors associated with tendon structural and functional degeneration. Tendon cells, consisting of mature tenocytes and tendon progenitor cells (TPC) function to maintain tendon structure via extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis. Tendon cells can succumb to tissue cytokine/chemokine alterations during healing and consequently contribute to tendon degeneration. Interleukin-(IL-)1β, IL-6 and TNFα are key cytokines upregulated in injured tendons; the specific effects of IL-6 on flexor tendon-derived TPC have not been discerned. METHODS Passage 3 equine superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT)-derived TPC were isolated from 6 horses. IL-6 impact on the viability (MMT assay with 0, 1, 5 and 10 ng/mL concentrations), migration (scratch motility assay at 0, 10ng/mL concentration) of TPC in monolayer culture were assessed. IL-6 effect on tendon ECM and chondrogenic gene expression (qRT-PCR), TGFβ1 gene expression and activity (ELISA), and MMP-1, -3 and - 13 gene expression of TPC was evaluated. RESULTS IL-6 decreased TPC viability and migration. IL-6 treatment at 10 ng/mL significantly up-regulated TGFβ1 gene expression (6.3-fold; p = 0.01) in TPC, and significantly increased the TGFβ1 concentration in cell culture supernates. IL-6 (at 10 ng/mL) significantly up-regulated both tendon ECM (COL1A1:5.3-fold, COL3A1:5.4-fold, COMP 5.5-fold) and chondrogenic (COL2A1:3.9-fold, ACAN:6.2-fold, SOX9:4.8-fold) mRNA expression in TPC. Addition of SB431542, a TGFβ1 receptor inhibitor, to TPC in the presence of IL-6, attenuated the up-regulated tendon ECM and chondrogenic genes. CONCLUSION IL-6 alters TPC phenotype during in vitro monolayer culture. Pro- and anti-inflammatory roles of IL-6 have been implicated on tendon healing. Our findings demonstrate that IL-6 induces TGFβ1 activity in TPC and affects the basal TPC phenotype (as evidenced via increased tendon ECM and chondrogenic gene expressions). Further investigation of this biological link may serve as a foundation for therapeutic strategies that modulate IL-6 to enhance tendon healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Altmann
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Charles Bowlby
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Haley Coughlin
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zarah Belacic
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Stasia Sullivan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sushmitha Durgam
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Teegala LR, Gudneppanavar R, Sabu Kattuman EE, Snyderman M, Thanusha AV, Katari V, Thodeti CK, Paruchuri S. Prostaglandin E 2 attenuates lung fibroblast differentiation via inactivation of yes-associated protein signaling. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23199. [PMID: 37732601 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300745rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) has been implicated in counteracting fibroblast differentiation by TGFβ1 during pulmonary fibrosis. However, the precise mechanism is not well understood. We show here that PGE2 via EP2 R and EP4 R inhibits the expression of mechanosensory molecules Lysyl Oxidase Like 2 (LOXL2), myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A), ECM proteins, plasminogen activation inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), fibronectin (FN), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and redox sensor (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 4 (NOX4)) required for TGFβ1-mediated fibroblast differentiation. We further demonstrate that PGE2 inhibits fibrotic signaling via Yes-associated protein (YAP) but does so independently from its actions on SMAD phosphorylation and conserved cylindromatosis (CYLD; deubiquitinase) expression. Mechanistically, PGE2 phosphorylates/inactivates YAP downstream of EP2 R/Gαs and restrains its translocation to the nucleus, thus inhibiting its interaction with TEA domain family members (TEADs) and transcription of fibrotic genes. Importantly, pharmacological or siRNA-mediated inhibition of YAP significantly downregulates TGFβ1-mediated fibrotic gene expression and myofibroblast formation. Notably, YAP expression is upregulated in the lungs of D. farinae-treated wild type (WT) mice relative to saline-treated WT mice. Our results unravel a unique role for PGE2 -YAP interactions in fibroblast differentiation, and that PGE2 /YAP inhibition can be used as a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of pathological conditions associated with myofibroblasts like asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lakshminarayan Reddy Teegala
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Ohio, Toledo, USA
| | - Ravindra Gudneppanavar
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Ohio, Toledo, USA
| | - Emma Elizabeth Sabu Kattuman
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Ohio, Toledo, USA
| | | | - Arani Varamuniprasad Thanusha
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Ohio, Toledo, USA
| | - Venkatesh Katari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Ohio, Toledo, USA
| | - Charles K Thodeti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Ohio, Toledo, USA
| | - Sailaja Paruchuri
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Ohio, Toledo, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang B, Wang C, Wu H, Wang F, Chai Y, Hu Y, Wang B, Yu Z, Xia R, Xu R, Cao X. MFSD2A potentiates gastric cancer response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy by reprogramming the tumor microenvironment to activate T cell response. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2023; 43:1097-1116. [PMID: 37539769 PMCID: PMC10565382 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficacy of anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) immunotherapy in various cancers, including gastric cancer (GC), needs to be potentiated by more effective targeting to enhance therapeutic efficacy or identifying accurate biomarkers to predict clinical responses. Here, we attempted to identify molecules predicting or/and promoting anti-PD-1 therapeutic response in advanced GC (AGC). METHODS The transcriptome of AGC tissues from patients with different clinical responses to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy and GC cells was analyzed by RNA sequencing. The protein and mRNA levels of the major facilitator superfamily domain containing 2A (MFSD2A) in GC cells were assessed via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Additionally, the regulation of anti-PD-1 response by MFSD2A was studied in tumor-bearing mice. Cytometry by Time-of-Flight, multiple immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry assays were used to explore immunological responses. The effects of MFSD2A on lipid metabolism in mice cancer tissue and GC cells was detected by metabolomics. RESULTS Higher expression of MFSD2A in tumor tissues of AGC patients was associated with better response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. Moreover, MFSD2A expression was lower in GC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues, and its expression was inversely correlated with GC stage. The overexpression of MFSD2A in GC cells enhanced the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in vivo by reprogramming the tumor microenvironment (TME), characterized by increased CD8+ T cell activation and reduced its exhaustion. MFSD2A inhibited transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) release from GC cells by suppressing cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2)-prostaglandin synthesis, which consequently reprogrammed TME to promote anti-tumor T cell activation. CONCLUSIONS MFSD2A potentially serves as a predictive biomarker for anti-PD-1 immunotherapy response in AGC patients. MFSD2A may be a promising therapeutic target to potentiate the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy by reprogramming the TME to promote T cells activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and InflammationSuzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeSuzhouJiangsuP. R. China
| | - Chun‐Mei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and InflammationSuzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeSuzhouJiangsuP. R. China
- Department of ImmunologyCenter for ImmunotherapyInstitute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP. R. China
| | - Hao‐Xiang Wu
- Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Yang‐Yang Chai
- Department of ImmunologyCenter for ImmunotherapyInstitute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP. R. China
| | - Ye Hu
- Institute of Immunology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai UniversityTianjinP. R. China
| | - Bing‐Jing Wang
- Department of ImmunologyCenter for ImmunotherapyInstitute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP. R. China
| | - Zhou Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and InflammationSuzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeSuzhouJiangsuP. R. China
| | - Rong‐Hua Xia
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and InflammationSuzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeSuzhouJiangsuP. R. China
| | - Rui‐Hua Xu
- Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Xue‐Tao Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and InflammationSuzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeSuzhouJiangsuP. R. China
- Department of ImmunologyCenter for ImmunotherapyInstitute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP. R. China
- Institute of Immunology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai UniversityTianjinP. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sueblinvong V, Fan X, Hart C, Molina S, Koval M, Guidot DM. Ethanol-exposed lung fibroblasts cause airway epithelial barrier dysfunction. Alcohol Clin Exp Res (Hoboken) 2023; 47:1839-1849. [PMID: 37864530 DOI: 10.1111/acer.15174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic alcohol ingestion predisposes to lung injury and disrepair during sepsis. Our previous studies outlined roles for transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFβ1) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in epithelial barrier homeostasis and how alcohol perturbs their expression and signaling. Here we hypothesize that ethanol-exposed lung fibroblasts (LF) are a source of dysregulated TGFβ1 and GM-CSF and thereby alter airway epithelial barrier function. METHODS Human or rat LF were cultured ± ethanol for 2 weeks and then co-cultured with human or rat airway epithelial cells (AEC) seeded on Transwell permeable supports. In selected groups, a TGFβ1 receptor type 1 (TGFβR1) inhibitor (SB431542) or a TGFβ1 neutralizing antibody was applied. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) was measured prior to co-culture and on day 5 of co-culture. AEC were then analyzed for the expression of selected tight junction and mesenchymal proteins, and transwell membranes were analyzed by immunofluorescence microscopy for ZO-1 expression and localization. TGFβ1 and GM-CSF levels in conditioned media from the co-cultures were quantified by ELISA. RESULTS AEC co-cultured with ethanol-exposed LF (ELF) showed a significant reduction in TER and corresponding decreases in ZO-1 expression, whereas collagen type 1A1 and α-smooth muscle actin protein expression were increased. In parallel, in conditioned media from the ELF + AEC co-cultures, activated TGFβ1 levels increased and GM-CSF levels decreased. Notably, all the effects of ELF on the AEC were prevented by blocking TGFβ1 activity. CONCLUSIONS Prior ethanol exposure to LF induces barrier dysfunction in naive AEC in a paracrine fashion through activation of TGFβ1 signaling and suppression of GM-CSF. These experimental findings provide a potential mechanism by which chronic alcohol ingestion impairs airway epithelial integrity and renders individuals susceptible to lung injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viranuj Sueblinvong
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Xian Fan
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Craishun Hart
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Samuel Molina
- FUJIFILM Irvine Scientific, Warminster, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael Koval
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - David M Guidot
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Qiu Y, Kang N, Wang X, Yao Y, Cui J, Zhang X, Zheng L. Loss of Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) accelerates dysregulated glucose and renal injury in db/db mice. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16155. [PMID: 37790634 PMCID: PMC10544308 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background End-stage renal disease is primarily caused by diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The Farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, has anti-inflammatory, lipid-lowering and hypoglycemic properties. It also inhibits renal fibrosis. Although its physiological role is not fully understood, it also plays a role in the control of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Methods In the present study, we examined male FXR & leptin receptor double knockout mice, in which weight, blood glucose, body fat, and other indicators were monitored. After 6 months of rearing, blood and urine samples were collected and biochemical parameters were measured. Fibrosis was assessed by Masson's stain, while the assessment of the resuscitation case's condition was performed using succinate dehydrogenase (SDHA) stain immunohistochemistry, which measures aerobic respiration. Expression of molecules such as connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), SMAD family members 3 (Smad3) and 7 (Smad7), and small heterodimer partner were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting as part of the application. Results FXR knockout decreased body weight and body fat in db/db mice, but increased blood glucose, urine output, and renal fibrosis. Primary mesangial cells (P-MCs) from FXR+/ + mice stimulated with transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) showed significantly higher levels of related fibrosis factors, TGFβ1 and Smad3 mRNA and protein, and significantly reduced levels of Smad7. These effects were reversed by the action of FXR agonist chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA). P-MCs from FXR-/ - mice stimulated with TGFβ1 resulted in an increase in the expression and protein levels of collagen I and TGFβ1, and the addition of CDCA had no significant effect on TGFβ1 stimulation. However, compared with FXR+/ +db/db mice, the rate of oxygen consumption, the rate of carbon dioxide production, and the rate of energy conversion were increased in FXR-/ -db/db mice, whereas the SDHA succinate dehydrogenase, a marker enzyme for aerobic respiration, was significantly decreased. Conclusions These results provide evidence that FXR plays a critical role in the regulation of mesangial cells in DN. The likely mechanism is that aberrant FXR expression activates TGFβ1, which induces extracellular matrix accumulation through the classical Smad signaling pathway, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Qiu
- Department of Nephropathy, Nantong Third People’s Hospital, Nantong, China
- Department of Nephropathy, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ningsu Kang
- Department of Nephropathy, Nantong Third People’s Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Nephropathy, Nantong Third People’s Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Nephropathy, Affiliated Hospitaland Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jun Cui
- Department of Nephropathy, Nantong Third People’s Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Health Science Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Zheng
- Department of Nephropathy, Nantong Third People’s Hospital, Nantong, China
- Department of Nephropathy, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hada A, Li L, Kandel A, Jin Y, Xiao Z. Characterization of Bovine Intraepithelial T Lymphocytes in the Gut. Pathogens 2023; 12:1173. [PMID: 37764981 PMCID: PMC10535955 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12091173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Intraepithelial T lymphocytes (T-IELs), which constitute over 50% of the total T lymphocytes in the animal, patrol the mucosal epithelial lining to defend against pathogen invasion while maintaining gut homeostasis. In addition to expressing T cell markers such as CD4 and CD8, T-IELs display T cell receptors (TCR), including either TCRαβ or TCRγδ. Both humans and mice share similar T-IEL subsets: TCRγδ+, TCRαβ+CD8αα+, TCRαβ+CD4+, and TCRαβ+CD8αβ+. Among these subsets, human T-IELs are predominantly TCRαβ+ (over 80%), whereas those in mice are mostly TCRγδ+ (~60%). Of note, the majority of the TCRγδ+ subset expresses CD8αα in both species. Although T-IELs have been extensively studied in humans and mice, their profiles in cattle have not been well examined. Our study is the first to characterize bovine T-IELs using flow cytometry, where we identified several distinct features. The percentage of TCRγδ+ was comparable to that of TCRαβ+ T-IELs (both ~50% of CD3+), and the majority of bovine TCRγδ+ T-IELs did not express CD8 (CD8-) (above 60%). Furthermore, about 20% of TCRαβ+ T-IELs were CD4+CD8αβ+, and the remaining TCRαβ+ T-IELs were evenly distributed between CD4+ and CD8αβ+ (~40% of TCRαβ+ T-IELs each) with no TCRαβ+CD8αα+ identified. Despite these unique properties, bovine T-IELs, similar to those in humans and mice, expressed a high level of CD69, an activation and tissue-retention marker, and a low level of CD62L, a lymphoid adhesion marker. Moreover, bovine T-IELs produced low levels of inflammatory cytokines such as IFNγ and IL17A, and secreted small amounts of the immune regulatory cytokine TGFβ1. Hence, bovine T-IELs' composition largely differs from that of human and mouse, with the dominance of the CD8- population among TCRγδ+ T-IELs, the substantial presence of TCRαβ+CD4+CD8αβ+ cells, and the absence of TCRαβ+CD8αα+ T-IELs. These results provide the groundwork for conducting future studies to examine how bovine T-IELs respond to intestinal pathogens and maintain the integrity of the gut epithelial barrier in animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Zhengguo Xiao
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (A.H.); (L.L.); (A.K.); (Y.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wu M, Wang Z, Shi X, Zan D, Chen H, Yang S, Ding F, Yang L, Tan P, Ma RZ, Wang J, Ma L, Ma Y, Jin J. TGFβ1-RCN3-TGFBR1 loop facilitates pulmonary fibrosis by orchestrating fibroblast activation. Respir Res 2023; 24:222. [PMID: 37710230 PMCID: PMC10500825 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02533-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) bears high mortality due to unclear pathogenesis and limited therapeutic options. Therefore, identifying novel regulators is required to develop alternative therapeutic strategies. METHODS The lung fibroblasts from IPF patients and Reticulocalbin 3 (RCN3) fibroblast-selective knockdown mouse model were used to determine the importance of Rcn3 in IPF; the epigenetic analysis and protein interaction assays, including BioID, were used for mechanistic studies. RESULTS Reticulocalbin 3 (RCN3) upregulation is associated with the fibrotic activation of lung fibroblasts from IPF patients and Rcn3 overexpression blunts the antifibrotic effects of pirfenidone and nintedanib. Moreover, repressing Rcn3 expression in mouse fibroblasts ameliorates bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis and pulmonary dysfunction in vivo. Mechanistically, RCN3 promotes fibroblast activation by maintaining persistent activation of TGFβ1 signalling via the TGFβ1-RCN3-TGFBR1 positive feedback loop, in which RCN3 upregulated by TGFβ1 exposure detains EZH2 (an epigenetic methyltransferase) in the cytoplasm through RCN3-EZH2 interaction, leading to the release of the EZH2-H3K27me3 epigenetic repression of TGFBR1 and the persistent expression of TGFBR1. CONCLUSIONS These findings introduce a novel regulating mechanism of TGFβ1 signalling in fibroblasts and uncover a critical role of the RCN3-mediated loop in lung fibrosis. RCN3 upregulation may cause resistance to IPF treatment and targeting RCN3 could be a novel approach to ameliorate pulmonary fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingting Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Jingxi Campus, Capital Medical University, No. 5 Jingyuan Road, Beijing, China
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Jingxi Campus, Capital Medical University, No. 5 Jingyuan Road, Beijing, China
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqian Shi
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Danni Zan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Jingxi Campus, Capital Medical University, No. 5 Jingyuan Road, Beijing, China
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuqiao Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Jingxi Campus, Capital Medical University, No. 5 Jingyuan Road, Beijing, China
| | - Fangping Ding
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Jingxi Campus, Capital Medical University, No. 5 Jingyuan Road, Beijing, China
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8, Xi Tou Tiao, Youanmen Wai, Beijing, China
| | - Pingping Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Runlin Z Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Jingxi Campus, Capital Medical University, No. 5 Jingyuan Road, Beijing, China
| | - Lishuang Ma
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yingmin Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8, Xi Tou Tiao, Youanmen Wai, Beijing, China.
| | - Jiawei Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Jingxi Campus, Capital Medical University, No. 5 Jingyuan Road, Beijing, China.
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Letson J, Furuta S. Reduced S-nitrosylation of TGFβ1 elevates its binding affinity towards the receptor and promotes fibrogenic signaling in the breast. bioRxiv 2023:2023.09.07.556714. [PMID: 37745487 PMCID: PMC10515751 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.07.556714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Transforming Growth Factor β (TGFβ) is a pleiotropic cytokine closely linked to tumors. TGFβ is often elevated in precancerous breast lesions in association with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), indicating its contribution to precancerous progression. We previously reported that basal nitric oxide (NO) levels declined along with breast cancer progression. We then pharmacologically inhibited NO production in healthy mammary glands of wild-type mice and found that this induced precancerous progression accompanied by desmoplasia and upregulation of TGFβ activity. In the present study, we tested our hypothesis that NO directly S-nitrosylates (forms an NO-adduct at a cysteine residue) TGFβ to inhibit the activity, whereas the reduction of NO denitrosylates TGFβ and de-represses the activity. We introduced mutations to three C-terminal cysteines of TGFβ1 which were predicted to be S-nitrosylated. We found that these mutations indeed impaired S-nitrosylation of TGFβ1 and shifted the binding affinity towards the receptor from the latent complex. Furthermore, in silico structural analyses predicted that these S-nitrosylation-defective mutations strengthen the dimerization of mature protein, whereas S-nitrosylation-mimetic mutations weaken the dimerization. Such differences in dimerization dynamics of TGFβ1 by denitrosylation/S-nitrosylation likely account for the shift of the binding affinities towards the receptor vs. latent complex. Our findings, for the first time, unravel a novel mode of TGFβ regulation based on S-nitrosylation or denitrosylation of the protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Letson
- Department of Cell & Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Arlington Ave. Toledo, OH 43614, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Arlington Ave. Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Saori Furuta
- Department of Cell & Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Arlington Ave. Toledo, OH 43614, USA
- MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH 44109
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mochizuki T, Ushiki T, Suzuki K, Sato M, Ishiguro H, Suwabe T, Edama M, Omori G, Yamamoto N, Kawase T. Characterization of Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Plasma Derived from Female Collage Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study Focusing on Growth Factor, Inflammatory Cytokines, and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Levels. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13592. [PMID: 37686398 PMCID: PMC10488049 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been increasingly used in sports medicine owing to its various advantages. The purpose of our project was to standardize the parameters before performing large-scale clinical trials in the near future to precisely evaluate individual PRP quality. To examine the effects of regular exercise on PRP quality, this study focused on young female athletes, who have been relatively less studied. Blood samples were obtained from female college athletes (n = 35) and ordinary healthy adults (n = 30), which were considered as controls, and leukocyte-rich PRP (L-PRP) was prepared manually. Body composition indices were determined using a bathroom weight scale equipped with an impedance meter. Growth factors and cytokines were quantified using ELISA kits. Platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) and Transforming-growth factors β1 (TGFβ1) levels (per platelet) in L-PRP were significantly lower in female athletes than in controls. In contrast, Interleukin-1β and Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) levels (per platelet and L-PRP) in L-PRP were significantly higher in athletes, and this difference was more prominent in IL-1RA. These findings suggest that L-PRP from athletes may facilitate the inflammatory phase of the healing process by regulating the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory balance. These chemical compositions can be adopted as "must-check" parameters to characterize individual PRP preparations prior to clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoharu Mochizuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan;
| | - Takashi Ushiki
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-9518, Japan;
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata 951-8520, Japan; (K.S.)
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan; (H.I.); (T.S.)
| | - Katsuya Suzuki
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata 951-8520, Japan; (K.S.)
| | - Misato Sato
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata 951-8520, Japan; (K.S.)
| | - Hajime Ishiguro
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan; (H.I.); (T.S.)
| | - Tatsuya Suwabe
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan; (H.I.); (T.S.)
| | - Mutsuaki Edama
- Department of Health and Sports, Faculty of Health Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3102, Japan; (M.E.); (G.O.)
| | - Go Omori
- Department of Health and Sports, Faculty of Health Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3102, Japan; (M.E.); (G.O.)
| | - Noriaki Yamamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata Rehabilitation Hospital, Niigata 950-3304, Japan;
| | - Tomoyuki Kawase
- Division of Oral Bioengineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hong YJ, Kim GH, Park Y, Jo HJ, Nam MW, Kim DG, Cho H, Shim HJ, Jin JS, Rho H, Han CY. Suaeda glauca Attenuates Liver Fibrosis in Mice by Inhibiting TGFβ1-Smad2/3 Signaling in Hepatic Stellate Cells. Nutrients 2023; 15:3740. [PMID: 37686772 PMCID: PMC10490352 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic liver injury due to various hepatotoxic stimuli commonly leads to fibrosis, which is a crucial factor contributing to liver disease-related mortality. Despite the potential benefits of Suaeda glauca (S. glauca) as a natural product, its biological and therapeutic effects are barely known. This study investigated the effects of S. glauca extract (SGE), obtained from a smart farming system utilizing LED lamps, on the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and the development of liver fibrosis. C57BL/6 mice received oral administration of either vehicle or SGE (30 or 100 mg/kg) during CCl4 treatment for 6 weeks. The supplementation of SGE significantly reduced liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 in mice as evidenced by histological changes and a decrease in collagen accumulation. SGE treatment also led to a reduction in markers of HSC activation and inflammation as well as an improvement in blood biochemical parameters. Furthermore, SGE administration diminished fibrotic responses following acute liver injury. Mechanistically, SGE treatment prevented HSC activation and inhibited the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Smad2/3, which are induced by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in HSCs. Our findings indicate that SGE exhibits anti-fibrotic effects by inhibiting TGFβ1-Smad2/3 signaling in HSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You-Jung Hong
- Institute of New Drug Development, School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Gil-Hwan Kim
- Institute of New Drug Development, School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongdo Park
- Institute of New Drug Development, School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Jo
- Institute of New Drug Development, School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Woo Nam
- LED Agri-Bio Fusion Technology Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Gu Kim
- Department of Oriental Medicine Resources, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwangeui Cho
- Institute of New Drug Development, School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Joo Shim
- Institute of New Drug Development, School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sik Jin
- LED Agri-Bio Fusion Technology Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
- Department of Oriental Medicine Resources, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsoo Rho
- Institute of New Drug Development, School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Yeob Han
- Institute of New Drug Development, School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yang X, Zhang Q, Li S, Devarajan R, Luo B, Tan Z, Wang Z, Giannareas N, Wenta T, Ma W, Li Y, Yang Y, Manninen A, Wu S, Wei GH. GATA2 co-opts TGFβ1/SMAD4 oncogenic signaling and inherited variants at 6q22 to modulate prostate cancer progression. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:198. [PMID: 37550764 PMCID: PMC10408074 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02745-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant somatic genomic alteration including copy number amplification is a hallmark of cancer genomes. We previously profiled genomic landscapes of prostate cancer (PCa), yet the underlying causal genes with prognostic potential has not been defined. It remains unclear how a somatic genomic event cooperates with inherited germline variants contribute to cancer predisposition and progression. METHODS We applied integrated genomic and clinical data, experimental models and bioinformatic analysis to identify GATA2 as a highly prevalent metastasis-associated genomic amplification in PCa. Biological roles of GATA2 in PCa metastasis was determined in vitro and in vivo. Global chromatin co-occupancy and co-regulation of GATA2 and SMAD4 was investigated by coimmunoprecipitation, ChIP-seq and RNA-seq assays. Tumor cellular assays, qRT-PCR, western blot, ChIP, luciferase assays and CRISPR-Cas9 editing methods were performed to mechanistically understand the cooperation of GATA2 with SMAD4 in promoting TGFβ1 and AR signaling and mediating inherited PCa risk and progression. RESULTS In this study, by integrated genomics and experimental analysis, we identified GATA2 as a prevalent metastasis-associated genomic amplification to transcriptionally augment its own expression in PCa. Functional experiments demonstrated that GATA2 physically interacted and cooperated with SMAD4 for genome-wide chromatin co-occupancy and co-regulation of PCa genes and metastasis pathways like TGFβ signaling. Mechanistically, GATA2 was cooperative with SMAD4 to enhance TGFβ and AR signaling pathways, and activated the expression of TGFβ1 via directly binding to a distal enhancer of TGFβ1. Strinkingly, GATA2 and SMAD4 globally mediated inherited PCa risk and formed a transcriptional complex with HOXB13 at the PCa risk-associated rs339331/6q22 enhancer, leading to increased expression of the PCa susceptibility gene RFX6. CONCLUSIONS Our study prioritizes causal genomic amplification genes with prognostic values in PCa and reveals the pivotal roles of GATA2 in transcriptionally activating the expression of its own and TGFβ1, thereby co-opting to TGFβ1/SMAD4 signaling and RFX6 at 6q22 to modulate PCa predisposition and progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiayun Yang
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Institute of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Shuxuan Li
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Raman Devarajan
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Binjie Luo
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Zenglai Tan
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Zixian Wang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nikolaos Giannareas
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tomasz Wenta
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Wenlong Ma
- Institute of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuqing Li
- Institute of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuehong Yang
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Aki Manninen
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Song Wu
- Institute of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, China.
- Institute of Urology, South China Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Gong-Hong Wei
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Das K, Basak M, Mahata T, Biswas S, Mukherjee S, Kumar P, Moniruzzaman M, Stewart A, Maity B. Cardiac RGS7 and RGS11 drive TGFβ1-dependent liver damage following chemotherapy exposure. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23064. [PMID: 37440271 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300094r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Off target damage to vital organ systems is an unfortunate side effect of cancer chemotherapy and remains a major limitation to the use of these essential drugs in the clinic. Despite decades of research, the mechanisms conferring susceptibility to chemotherapy driven cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity remain unclear. In the livers of patients with a history of chemotherapy, we observed a twofold increase in expression of G protein regulator RGS7 and a corresponding decrease in fellow R7 family member RGS11. Knockdown of RGS7 via introduction of RGS7 shRNA via tail vein injection decreased doxorubicin-induced hepatic collagen and lipid deposition, glycogen accumulation, and elevations in ALT, AST, and triglycerides by approximately 50%. Surprisingly, a similar result could be achieved via introduction of RGS7 shRNA directly to the myocardium without impacting RGS7 levels in the liver directly. Indeed, doxorubicin-treated cardiomyocytes secrete the endocrine factors transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) and TGFβ superfamily binding protein follistatin-related protein 1 (FSTL1). Importantly, RGS7 overexpression in the heart was sufficient to recapitulate the impacts of doxorubicin on the liver and inhibition of TGFβ1 signaling with the receptor blocker GW788388 ameliorated the effect of cardiac RGS7 overexpression on hepatic fibrosis, steatosis, oxidative stress, and cell death as well as the resultant elevation in liver enzymes. Together these data demonstrate that RGS7 controls both the release of TGFβ1 from the heart and the profibrotic and pro-oxidant actions of TGFβ1 in the liver and emphasize the functional significance of endocrine cardiokine signaling in the pathogenesis of chemotherapy drive multiorgan damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Das
- Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Madhuri Basak
- Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), Lucknow, India
| | - Tarun Mahata
- Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), Lucknow, India
| | - Sayan Biswas
- Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine and Sagore Dutta Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Pranesh Kumar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Adele Stewart
- Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - Biswanath Maity
- Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Paluschinski M, Kordes C, Vucur M, Buettner V, Roderburg C, Xu HC, Shinte PV, Lang PA, Luedde T, Castoldi M. Differential Modulation of miR-122 Transcription by TGFβ1/BMP6: Implications for Nonresolving Inflammation and Hepatocarcinogenesis. Cells 2023; 12:1955. [PMID: 37566034 PMCID: PMC10416984 DOI: 10.3390/cells12151955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is widely recognized as a significant factor that promotes and worsens the development of malignancies, including hepatocellular carcinoma. This study aimed to explore the potential role of microRNAs in inflammation-associated nonresolving hepatocarcinogenesis. By conducting a comprehensive analysis of altered microRNAs in animal models with liver cancer of various etiologies, we identified miR-122 as the most significantly downregulated microRNA in the liver of animals with inflammation-associated liver cancer. Although previous research has indicated the importance of miR-122 in maintaining hepatocyte function, its specific role as either the trigger or the consequence of underlying diseases remains unclear. Through extensive analysis of animals and in vitro models, we have successfully demonstrated that miR-122 transcription is differentially regulated by the immunoregulatory cytokines, by the transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFβ1), and the bone morphogenetic protein-6 (BMP6). Furthermore, we presented convincing evidence directly linking reduced miR-122 transcription to inflammation and in chronic liver diseases. The results of this study strongly suggest that prolonged activation of pro-inflammatory signaling pathways, leading to disruption of cytokine-mediated regulation of miR-122, may significantly contribute to the onset and exacerbation of chronic liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martha Paluschinski
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (M.P.); (C.K.); (M.V.); (V.B.); (C.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Claus Kordes
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (M.P.); (C.K.); (M.V.); (V.B.); (C.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Mihael Vucur
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (M.P.); (C.K.); (M.V.); (V.B.); (C.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Veronika Buettner
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (M.P.); (C.K.); (M.V.); (V.B.); (C.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Christoph Roderburg
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (M.P.); (C.K.); (M.V.); (V.B.); (C.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Haifeng C. Xu
- Institute for Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Hospital, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (H.C.X.); (P.V.S.); (P.A.L.)
| | - Prashant V. Shinte
- Institute for Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Hospital, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (H.C.X.); (P.V.S.); (P.A.L.)
| | - Philipp A. Lang
- Institute for Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Hospital, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (H.C.X.); (P.V.S.); (P.A.L.)
| | - Tom Luedde
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (M.P.); (C.K.); (M.V.); (V.B.); (C.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Mirco Castoldi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (M.P.); (C.K.); (M.V.); (V.B.); (C.R.); (T.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Heyob KM, Khuhro Z, Khan AQ, Brown D, Tipple TE, Rogers LK. Effects of DNA methylase inhibitors in a murine model of severe BPD. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2023; 313:104060. [PMID: 37031925 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2023.104060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation is necessary for developmental gene regulation, but adverse environments result in aberrant methylation and gene silencing. The current pilot study tested the hypothesis that treatment with DNA methylation inhibitors (decitabine; RG108) would improve alveolarization in a newborn murine model of severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Newborn mice exposed to maternal inflammation (LPS) and neonatal hyperoxia (85% O2) were treated with decitabine (p3, 0.1 mg/kg; p2, 4, 6, 0.1 mg/kg; or p2, 4, 6, 0.15 mg/kg) or RG108 (p3, 0.0013 mg/kg) delivered intranasally. Modest improvements in alveolarization were observed with decitabine, but no differences were observed with RG108. Attenuated phospho-SMAD2/3 levels and greater surfactant protein C protein levels compared to vehicle were observed with some tested doses. No detrimental side effects were observed with the doses used in this study. In summary, our pilot investigations identified a safe dose for intranasal administration of both methylation inhibitors and provides a foundation for further studies into methylation inhibitors in the context of neonatal lung injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M Heyob
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zahra Khuhro
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Aiman Q Khan
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dorian Brown
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Trent E Tipple
- Section of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Lynette K Rogers
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Batudeligen, Han Z, Chen H, Narisu, Xu Y, Anda, Han G. Luteolin Alleviates Liver Fibrosis in Rat Hepatic Stellate Cell HSC-T6: A Proteomic Analysis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:1819-1829. [PMID: 37360572 PMCID: PMC10285022 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s402864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with single or compound materials is an effective cure for liver fibrosis. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play a key role in liver fibrosis pathology and have become a novel drug target for this condition. METHODS CCK-8 assay was used to determine the cytotoxicity of four components, SYPA, HSYPA, Apigenin, and Luteolin, from Deduhonghua-7 powder on HSC-T6 cells. Transforming Growth Factor β 1 (TGFβ1)-induced fibrotic cell model and CCI4-induced fibrotic rat model were constructed, the expression of fibrosis-related genes, the pathological changes and serum biochemical markers were evaluated. Proteomic analysis was performed to determine the mechanism by which luteolin attenuated liver fibrosis, which were further confirmed by Western blot. RESULTS Luteolin attenuates liver fibrosis in HSC-T6 cells and luteolin decreases the liver fibrosis index level in vivo. A total of 5000 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were obtained using proteomic analysis. KEGG analysis found that DEPs were concentrated in various metabolic pathways, including DNA replication and repair and lysosomal signaling. GO analysis showed that molecular functions included the activity and binding of various enzymes, related cellular components included the extracellular space, lysosomal lumen, mitochondrial matrix, and nucleus, and biological processes included collagen organization and biosynthesis and the positive regulation of cell migration. Western blot results showed that CCR1, CD59, and NAGA were downregulated in TGFβ1 treatment, while upregulated both in Lut2 and Lut10 treatment. Meanwhile, eight proteins, ITIH3, MKI67, KIF23, DNMT1, P4HA3, CCDC80, APOB, FBLN2, that were upregulated in TGFβ1 treatment, while downregulated both in Lut2 and Lut10 treatment. CONCLUSION Luteolin was shown to have a strong protective effect on liver fibrosis. CCR1, CD59, and NAGA may promote liver fibrosis while ITIH3, MKI67, KIF23, DNMT1, P4HA3, CCDC80, APOB, and FBLN2 may facilitate protection against fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Batudeligen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Traditional Mongolian Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Han
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Traditional Mongolian Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Chen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Traditional Mongolian Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Narisu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Traditional Mongolian Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Xu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Traditional Mongolian Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Anda
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Traditional Mongolian Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gegentaoli Han
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Traditional Mongolian Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Bhushan B, Apte U. Regeneration and Recovery after Acetaminophen Hepatotoxicity. Livers 2023; 3:300-309. [PMID: 37583368 PMCID: PMC10426764 DOI: 10.3390/livers3020021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver regeneration is a compensatory response to tissue injury and loss. It is known that liver regeneration plays a crucial role in recovery following acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity, which is the major cause of acute liver failure (ALF) in the US. Regeneration increases proportional to the extent of liver injury upon APAP overdose, ultimately leading to regression of injury and spontaneous recovery in most cases. However, severe APAP overdose results in impaired liver regeneration and unchecked progression of liver injury, leading to failed recovery and mortality. Inter-communication between various cell types in the liver is important for effective regenerative response following APAP hepatotoxicity. Various non-parenchymal cells such macrophages, stellate cells, and endothelial cells produce mediators crucial for proliferation of hepatocytes. Liver regeneration is orchestrated by synchronized actions of several proliferative signaling pathways involving numerous kinases, nuclear receptors, transcription factors, transcriptional co-activators, which are activated by cytokines, growth factors, and endobiotics. Overt activation of anti-proliferative signaling pathways causes cell-cycle arrest and impaired liver regeneration after severe APAP overdose. Stimulating liver regeneration by activating proliferating signaling and suppressing anti-proliferative signaling in liver can prove to be important in developing novel therapeutics for APAP-induced ALF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Bhushan
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Udayan Apte
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Huang P, Qin X, Fan C, Wang M, Chen F, Liao M, Zhong H, Wang H, Ma L. Comparison of Biological Characteristics of Human Umbilical Cord Wharton's Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Extremely Preterm and Term Infants. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023:10.1007/s13770-023-00538-9. [PMID: 37249837 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00538-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the progress in perinatal-neonatal medicine, complications of extremely preterm infants continue to constitute the major adverse outcomes in neonatal intensive care unit. Human umbilical cord Wharton's Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs) may offer new hope for the treatment of intractable neonatal disorders. This study will explore the functional differences of HUMSCs between extremely preterm and term infants. METHODS UMSCs from 5 extremely preterm infants(weeks of gestation: 22+5 w,24+4 w,25+3 w,26 w,28 w) and 2 term infants(39 w,39+2 w) were isolated, and mesenchymal markers, pluripotent genes, proliferation rate were analyzed. HUVECs were injured by treated with LPS and repaired by co-cultured with HUMSCs of different gestational ages. RESULTS All HUMSCs showed fibroblast-like adherence to plastic and positively expressed surface marker of CD105,CD73 and CD90, but did not expressed CD45,CD34,CD14,CD79a and HLA-DR; HUMSCs in extremely preterm exhibited significant increase in proliferation as evidenced by CCK8, pluripotency markers OCT-4 tested by RT-PCR also showed increase. Above all, in LPS induced co-cultured inflame systerm, HUMSCs in extremely preterm were more capable to promote wound healing and tube formation in HUVEC cultures, they promoted TGFβ1 expression and inhibited IL6 expression. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that HUMSCs from extremely preterm infants may be more suitable as candidates in cell therapy for the preterm infants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Huang
- Shenzhen Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Shenzhen, 518038, China
- Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518028, China
| | - Xiaofei Qin
- Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Chuiqin Fan
- Shenzhen Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Shenzhen, 518038, China
| | - Manna Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Women and Children's Medical Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, The Third Affifiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Fuyi Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Women and Children's Medical Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, The Third Affifiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Maochuan Liao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Huifeng Zhong
- Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518028, China
| | - Hongwu Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
| | - Lian Ma
- Shenzhen Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Shenzhen, 518038, China.
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
- Department of Pediatrics, The Women and Children's Medical Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, The Third Affifiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Pu S, Zhang J, Ren C, Zhou H, Wang Y, Wu Y, Yang S, Cao F, Zhou H. Montelukast prevents mice against carbon tetrachloride- and methionine-choline deficient diet-induced liver fibrosis: Reducing hepatic stellate cell activation and inflammation. Life Sci 2023; 325:121772. [PMID: 37178864 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Montelukast is an antagonist of cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLTR1) that protects against inflammation and oxidative stress. However, the function of montelukast in liver fibrosis remains unknown. In this study, we examined whether the pharmacological inhibition of CysLTR1 could protect mice against hepatic fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and methionine-choline deficient (MCD) diet models were used in this study. The expression of CysLTR1 in liver were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis. Liver hydroxyproline levels, fibrotic genes expression, serum biochemical indexes and inflammatory factors were used to evaluate the effect of montelukast on liver fibrosis, injury, and inflammation. In vitro, we used the RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis to assess CysLTR1 in mouse primary hepatic stellate cell (HSC) and human LX-2 cell line. The role of montelukast on HSC activation and the underlying mechaisms were determined using RT-qPCR analysis, Western blot and immunostaining assays. KEY FINDINGS Chronic stimulation from CCl4 and MCD diet upregulated the mRNA and protein levels of CysLTR1 in the liver. Pharmacological inhibition of CysLTR1 by montelukast ameliorated liver inflammation and fibrosis in both models. Mechanistically, montelukast suppressed HSC activation by targeting the TGFβ/Smad pathway in vitro. The hepatoprotective effect of montelukast was also associated with reduced liver injury and inflammation. SIGNIFICANCE Montelukast suppressed CCl4- and MCD-induced chronic hepatic inflammation and liver fibrosis. CysLTR1 might be a therapeutic target for treating liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyun Pu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Changyu Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongjing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanli Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuangyu Yang
- Center for Medicine Research and Translation, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fangyin Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Houfeng Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Wang J, Zhang P, Liu M, Huang Z, Yang X, Ding Y, Liu J, Cheng X, Xu S, He M, Zhang F, Wang G, Li R, Yang X. Alpha-2-macroglobulin is involved in the occurrence of early-onset pre-eclampsia via its negative impact on uterine spiral artery remodeling and placental angiogenesis. BMC Med 2023; 21:90. [PMID: 36894970 PMCID: PMC9999529 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02807-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre-eclampsia (PE) is one of the leading causes of maternal and fetal morbidity/mortality during pregnancy, and alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M) is associated with inflammatory signaling; however, the pathophysiological mechanism by which A2M is involved in PE development is not yet understood. METHODS Human placenta samples, serum, and corresponding clinical data of the participants were collected to study the pathophysiologic mechanism underlying PE. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were intravenously injected with an adenovirus vector carrying A2M via the tail vein on gestational day (GD) 8.5. Human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs), human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and HTR-8/SVneo cells were transfected with A2M-expressing adenovirus vectors. RESULTS In this study, we demonstrated that A2M levels were significantly increased in PE patient serum, uterine spiral arteries, and feto-placental vasculature. The A2M-overexpression rat model closely mimicked the characteristics of PE (i.e., hypertension in mid-to-late gestation, histological and ultrastructural signs of renal damage, proteinuria, and fetal growth restriction). Compared to the normal group, A2M overexpression significantly enhanced uterine artery vascular resistance and impaired uterine spiral artery remodeling in both pregnant women with early-onset PE and in pregnant rats. We found that A2M overexpression was positively associated with HUASMC proliferation and negatively correlated with cell apoptosis. In addition, the results demonstrated that transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) signaling regulated the effects of A2M on vascular muscle cell proliferation described above. Meanwhile, A2M overexpression regressed rat placental vascularization and reduced the expression of angiogenesis-related genes. In addition, A2M overexpression reduced HUVEC migration, filopodia number/length, and tube formation. Furthermore, HIF-1α expression was positively related to A2M, and the secretion of sFLT-1 and PIGF of placental origin was closely related to PE during pregnancy or A2M overexpression in rats. CONCLUSIONS Our data showed that gestational A2M overexpression can be considered a contributing factor leading to PE, causing detective uterine spiral artery remodeling and aberrant placental vascularization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Wang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliate Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, No.613 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology/Pneumology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliate Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, No.613 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Mengyuan Liu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliate Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, No.613 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhengrui Huang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliate Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, No.613 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliate Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, No.613 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yuzhen Ding
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliate Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, No.613 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliate Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, No.613 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Division of Histology & Embryology, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Shujie Xu
- International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Division of Histology & Embryology, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Meiyao He
- International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Fengxiang Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliate Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, No.613 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Guang Wang
- International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- Division of Histology & Embryology, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Ruiman Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliate Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, No.613 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Xuesong Yang
- International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- Division of Histology & Embryology, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wang T, Zhang Y, Cheng H, Li L, Xu L. TGFβ1/integrin β3 positive feedback loop contributes to acquired EGFR TKI resistance in EGFR-mutant lung cancer. J Drug Target 2023; 31:269-277. [PMID: 36217893 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2022.2064480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Inevitable emergence of acquired resistance to EGFR TKIs including third-generation TKI osimertinib limits their long-term efficacy in treating EGFR-mutant lung cancer. A fuller investigation of novel molecular mechanisms underlying acquired resistance is essential to develop efficacious therapeutic strategies. Consequently, we have identified a novel TGFβ1/integrin β3 loop that contributes to the occurrence of EGFR TKI-acquired resistance. EGFR TKIs dramatically and sustainably increased the expression of both TGFβ1 and integrin β3 in in vitro and in vivo EGFR-mutant lung cancer models with acquired resistance to EGFR TKIs. Previously, we reported that integrin β3 expression was partially induced by TGFβ1 in these models. Moreover, elevated TGFβ1 in these models was secreted mostly from lung cancer cells. Mechanistically, TGFβ1 was induced and activated by overexpressed integrin β3, forming a positive feedback loop. More importantly, the interruption of TGFβ1/integrin β3 positive feedback loop was shown to dramatically delay the occurrence of acquired resistance and greatly improve the efficacy of EGFR TKI in treating EGFR-mutant lung cancer. Taken together, our study first demonstrated the TGFβ1/integrin β3 loop a new mechanism and target for acquired EGFR TKI resistance in EGFR-mutant lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanyue Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhu C, Potenza DM, Yang Y, Ajalbert G, Mertz KD, von Gunten S, Ming XF, Yang Z. Role of pulmonary epithelial arginase-II in activation of fibroblasts and lung inflammaging. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13790. [PMID: 36794355 PMCID: PMC10086530 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated arginases including type-I (Arg-I) and type-II isoenzyme (Arg-II) are reported to play a role in aging, age-associated organ inflammaging, and fibrosis. A role of arginase in pulmonary aging and underlying mechanisms are not explored. Our present study shows increased Arg-II levels in aging lung of female mice, which is detected in bronchial ciliated epithelium, club cells, alveolar type 2 (AT2) pneumocytes, and fibroblasts (but not vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells). Similar cellular localization of Arg-II is also observed in human lung biopsies. The age-associated increase in lung fibrosis and inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β and TGF-β1 that are highly expressed in bronchial epithelium, AT2 cells, and fibroblasts, are ameliorated in arg-ii deficient (arg-ii-/- ) mice. The effects of arg-ii-/- on lung inflammaging are weaker in male as compared to female animals. Conditioned medium (CM) from human Arg-II-positive bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells, but not that from arg-ii-/- cells, activates fibroblasts to produce various cytokines including TGF-β1 and collagen, which is abolished by IL-1β receptor antagonist or TGF-β type I receptor blocker. Conversely, TGF-β1 or IL-1β also increases Arg-II expression. In the mouse models, we confirmed the age-associated increase in IL-1β and TGF-β1 in epithelial cells and activation of fibroblasts, which is inhibited in arg-ii-/- mice. Taken together, our study demonstrates a critical role of epithelial Arg-II in activation of pulmonary fibroblasts via paracrine release of IL-1β and TGF-β1, contributing to pulmonary inflammaging and fibrosis. The results provide a novel mechanistic insight in the role of Arg-II in pulmonary aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cui Zhu
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Aging Research, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Duilio M Potenza
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Aging Research, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Yang Yang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Aging Research, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Guillaume Ajalbert
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Aging Research, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Kirsten D Mertz
- Institute for Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
| | | | - Xiu-Fen Ming
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Aging Research, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Zhihong Yang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Aging Research, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Wang J, Zeng J, Yin G, Deng Z, Wang L, Liu J, Yao K, Long Z, Jiang X, Tan J. Long non-coding RNA FABP5P3/miR-22 axis improves TGFβ1-induced fatty acid oxidation deregulation and fibrotic changes in proximal tubular epithelial cells of renal fibrosis. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:433-449. [PMID: 36196456 PMCID: PMC9879175 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2122286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe hydronephrosis increases the risk of urinary tract infection and irretrievable renal fibrosis. While TGFβ1-mediated fibrotic changes in proximal tubular epithelial cells and fatty acid oxidation (FAO) deregulation contribute to renal fibrosis and hydronephrosis. Firstly, a few elements were analyzed in this paper, including differentially-expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and miRNAs correlated to CPT1A, RXRA, and NCOA1. This paper investigated TGFβ1 effects on lncRNA FABP5P3, CPT1A, RXRA, and NCOA1 expression and fibrotic changes in HK-2 cells and FABP5P3 overexpression effects on TGFβ1-induced changes. Moreover, this paper predicted and proved that miR-22 binding to lncRNA FABP5P3, 3'UTR of CPT1A, RXRA, and NCOA1 was validated. The dynamic effects of the FABP5P3/miR-22 axis on TGFβ1-induced changes were investigated. A Renal fibrosis model was established in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice, and FABP5P3 effects were investigated. Eventually, this paper concluded that TGFβ1 inhibited lncRNA FABP5P3, CPT1A, RXRA, and NCOA1 expression, induced fibrotic changes in HK-2 cells, and induced metabolic reprogramming within HK-2 cells, especially lower FAO. FABP5P3 overexpression partially reversed TGFβ1-induced changes. miR-22 targeted lncRNA FABP5P3, CPT1A, RXRA, and NCOA1. LncRNA FABP5P3 counteracted miR-22 inhibition of CPT1A, NCOA1, and RXRA through competitive binding. TGFβ1 stimulation induced the activation of TGFβ/SMAD and JAG/Notch signaling pathways; Nocth2 knockdown reversed TGFβ1 suppression on lncRNA FABP5P3. FABP5P3 overexpression attenuated renal fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstruction mice. The LncRNA FABP5P3/miR-22 axis might be a potent target for improving the FAO deregulation and fibrotic changes in proximal TECs under TGFβ1 stimulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingrong Wang
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jia Zeng
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guangmin Yin
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhijun Deng
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianye Liu
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kun Yao
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi Long
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xianzhen Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Tan
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Sultana TN, Chaity NI, Hasan MM, Shrabonee II, Rivu SF, Aziz MA, Sahaba SA, Apu MNH, Nahid NA, Islam MS, Islam MS. TGFβ1 rs1800469 and SMAD4 rs10502913 polymorphisms and genetic susceptibility to colorectal cancer in Bangladeshi population. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:1393-1401. [PMID: 36469259 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08146-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among Bangladeshi males and females, colorectal cancer is the fourth and fifth most prevalent cancer, respectively. Several studies have shown that the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) gene and SMAD4 gene have a great impact on colorectal cancer. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to investigate whether TGFβ1 rs1800469 and SMAD4 rs10502913 genetic polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to colorectal cancer in the Bangladeshi population. METHODS AND MATERIALS This case-control study was performed on 167 colorectal cancer patients and 162 healthy volunteers, and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was employed for genotyping. RESULTS In case of SMAD4 rs10502913 G > A polymorphism, the A allele reduced the colorectal cancer risk significantly (adjusted OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.23-0.52, p < 0.001) when compared to the G allele. It was also found that G/A and A/A genotypes of SMAD4 rs10502913 G > A polymorphism reduced the risk of colorectal cancer in comparison to the G/G genotype (G/A vs. G/G: adjusted OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.12-0.45, p < 0.001 and A/A vs. G/G: adjusted OR 0.06, 95% CI 0.02-0.21, p < 0.001). TGFβ1 rs1800469 C > T polymorphism showed an elevated risk of developing colorectal cancer, although the results were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION This study confirms the association of SMAD4 rs10502913 gene polymorphism with colorectal cancer susceptibility among the Bangladeshi population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taposhi Nahid Sultana
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh.,Department of Pharmacy, Independent University, Bangladesh, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Nusrat Islam Chaity
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mehedi Hasan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Ishrat Islam Shrabonee
- Department of Medicine, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh, 2200, Bangladesh
| | - Sanzana Fareen Rivu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, East West University, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdul Aziz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh.,Bangladesh Pharmacogenomics Research Network (BD-PGRN), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shaid All Sahaba
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Mohd Nazmul Hasan Apu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Noor Ahmed Nahid
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Safiqul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh. .,Bangladesh Pharmacogenomics Research Network (BD-PGRN), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Soomro A, Khajehei M, Li R, O’Neil K, Zhang D, Gao B, MacDonald M, Kakoki M, Krepinsky JC. A therapeutic target for CKD: activin A facilitates TGFβ1 profibrotic signaling. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2023; 28:10. [PMID: 36717814 PMCID: PMC9885651 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00424-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TGFβ1 is a major profibrotic mediator in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Its direct inhibition, however, is limited by adverse effects. Inhibition of activins, also members of the TGFβ superfamily, blocks TGFβ1 profibrotic effects, but the mechanism underlying this and the specific activin(s) involved are unknown. METHODS Cells were treated with TGFβ1 or activins A/B. Activins were inhibited generally with follistatin, or specifically with neutralizing antibodies or type I receptor downregulation. Cytokine levels, signaling and profibrotic responses were assessed with ELISA, immunofluorescence, immunoblotting and promoter luciferase reporters. Wild-type or TGFβ1-overexpressing mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) were treated with an activin A neutralizing antibody. RESULTS In primary mesangial cells, TGFβ1 induces secretion primarily of activin A, which enables longer-term profibrotic effects by enhancing Smad3 phosphorylation and transcriptional activity. This results from lack of cell refractoriness to activin A, unlike that for TGFβ1, and promotion of TGFβ type II receptor expression. Activin A also supports transcription through regulating non-canonical MRTF-A activation. TGFβ1 additionally induces secretion of activin A, but not B, from tubular cells, and activin A neutralization prevents the TGFβ1 profibrotic response in renal fibroblasts. Fibrosis induced by UUO is inhibited by activin A neutralization in wild-type mice. Worsened fibrosis in TGFβ1-overexpressing mice is associated with increased renal activin A expression and is inhibited to wild-type levels with activin A neutralization. CONCLUSIONS Activin A facilitates TGFβ1 profibrotic effects through regulation of both canonical (Smad3) and non-canonical (MRTF-A) signaling, suggesting it may be a novel therapeutic target for preventing fibrosis in CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asfia Soomro
- grid.25073.330000 0004 1936 8227Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Mohammad Khajehei
- grid.25073.330000 0004 1936 8227Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Renzhong Li
- grid.25073.330000 0004 1936 8227Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Kian O’Neil
- grid.25073.330000 0004 1936 8227Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Dan Zhang
- grid.25073.330000 0004 1936 8227Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Bo Gao
- grid.25073.330000 0004 1936 8227Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Melissa MacDonald
- grid.25073.330000 0004 1936 8227Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Masao Kakoki
- grid.410711.20000 0001 1034 1720Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Joan C. Krepinsky
- grid.25073.330000 0004 1936 8227Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada ,grid.416721.70000 0001 0742 7355St. Joseph’s Hospital, 50 Charlton Ave East, Rm T3311, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Yang L, Zhang H, Dong C, Yue W, Xue R, Liu F, Yang L, Li L. Neuron-Glial Antigen 2 Participates in Liver Fibrosis via Regulating the Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell to Myofibroblast. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021177. [PMID: 36674693 PMCID: PMC9864665 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuron-glial antigen 2 (NG2, gene name: Cspg4) has been characterized as an important factor in many diseases. However, the pathophysiological relevance of NG2 in liver disease specifically regarding bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) differentiation to myofibroblast (MF) and the molecular details remain unknown. Human liver tissues were obtained from patients with different chronic liver diseases, and mouse liver injury models were induced by feeding a methionine-choline-deficient and high-fat diet, carbon tetrachloride administration, or bile duct ligation operation. NG2 expression was increased in human and mouse fibrotic liver and positively correlated with MF markers α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and other fibrotic markers in the liver. There was a co-localization between NG2 and αSMA, NG2 and EGFP (BMSC-derived MF) in the fibrotic liver determined by immunofluorescence analysis. In vitro, TGFβ1-treated BMSC showed a progressive increase in NG2 levels, which were mainly expressed on the membrane surface. Interestingly, there was a translocation of NG2 from the cell membrane into cytoplasm after the transfection of Cspg4 siRNA in TGFβ1-treated BMSC. siRNA-mediated inhibition of Cspg4 abrogated the TGFβ1-induced BMSC differentiation to MF. Importantly, inhibition of NG2 in vivo significantly attenuated the extent of liver fibrosis in methionine-choline-deficient and high fat (MCDHF) mice, as demonstrated by the decreased mRNA expression of fibrotic parameters, collagen deposition, serum transaminase levels, liver steatosis and inflammation after the administration of Cspg4 siRNA in MCDHF mice. We identify the positive regulation of NG2 in BMSC differentiation to MF during liver fibrosis, which may provide a promising target for the treatment of liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Le Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Chengbin Dong
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wenhui Yue
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Renmin Xue
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Fuquan Liu
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Liying Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-83950468
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wang F, Zhao H, Yin L, Zhang W, Tang Y, Wang X, Huang C. The paired-related homeobox protein 1 promotes cardiac fibrosis via the Twist1-Prrx1-tenascin-C loop. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:167-177. [PMID: 36273425 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a common pathology in the advanced stage of cardiovascular diseases, which leads to cardiac systolic and diastolic dysfunction. It is important to prevent cardiac fibrosis during myocardial injury. The transcription factor Prrx1 is involved in cancer-associated fibrosis and other organ fibrosis. However, the role and mechanism of Prrx1 in cardiac fibrosis deserves further exploration. We identified that overexpressed Prrx1 promoted the proliferation and migration of cardiac fibroblasts, and transform cardiac fibroblasts to myofibroblasts in vitro. We demonstrated that the expression of Prrx1 is upregulated in TGF-β1-treated fibroblasts. And silencing Prrx1 could attenuate cardiac fibrosis induced by TGF-β1 in vitro. In addition, a Twist1-paired-related homeobox 1 (Prrx1)-tenascin-C (TNC) positive feedback loop (PFL) combined with Twist1, Prrx1, and TNC activated fibroblasts, which was the mechanism the Prrx1 in cardiac fibrosis. In conclusion, our findings showed that the deficiency of Prrx1 attenuated cardiac fibrosis in vitro and reveal a novel Twist1-Prrx1-TNC PFL in the regulation of cardiac fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengyuan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongyi Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanhong Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Congxin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Balgoon MJ. Garden Cress ( Lepidium sativum) Seeds Ameliorated Aluminum-Induced Alzheimer Disease in Rats Through Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antiapoptotic Effects. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2023; 19:865-878. [PMID: 37077707 PMCID: PMC10106954 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s401740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bioaccumulation of aluminum in the brain is associated with adverse neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative changes, such as those seen in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Objective This study aimed to assess the impact of the administration of Lepidium sativum (LS) extract on behavioral, biochemical, and cerebral histopathological changes in rats with AlCl3-induced AD and explore the mechanism behind this effect. Materials and Methods This study was conducted on 40 male albino rats divided into four groups (n=10): LS (control, 20 mg/kg body weight for 8 weeks), AD (AlCl3, 10 mg/kg body weight), and an LS-treated AD group. Behavioral assessment included radial armed maze and active avoidance training tests. Proinflammatory cytokines, oxidant/antioxidant markers, Aβ, AchE, tau protein, TGFβ1, homocysteine, folic acid, and vitamin B12 were biochemically assessed in the serum. The cerebral cortex was histopathologically examined. Results AlCl3 administration significantly impaired rats' memory, indicating AD-like behavioral changes, significantly increased (P<0.001) oxidative stress markers, enhanced proinflammatory cytokines, and significantly increased AChE (P<0.001) adding to cytotoxic effects and neuronal loss in the cerebral cortex. LS administration significantly improved the antioxidant parameters, reduced proinflammatory cytokines, and alleviated AD-associated histopathological changes. Conclusion LS ameliorated AlCl3-induced changes through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects, suggesting that it has a neuroprotective effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maha J Balgoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Maha J Balgoon, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966555762237, Email
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Xu D, Gao C, Cao Y, Xiao B. HOXC8 alleviates high glucose-triggered damage of trophoblast cells during gestational diabetes mellitus via activating TGFβ1-mediated Notch1 pathway. Hum Cell 2023; 36:195-208. [PMID: 36308681 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00816-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an increasingly frequent disease occurred during pregnancy. HOXC8 has been disclosed to take part in the regulation of cancers. Additionally, the HOXC8 expression was dramatically decreased in the placenta of pre-eclampsia patients, but its expression and function have not been investigated in GDM. In this work, it was demonstrated that the mRNA and protein expression of HOXC8 was lower in GDM placenta tissues and GDM cell model. In addition, HOXC8 facilitated trophoblast cell proliferation and weakened trophoblast cell mitochondrial apoptosis. HOXC8 enhanced trophoblast cell migration and angiogenesis. Moreover, HOXC8 activated the TGFβ1-mediated Notch1 signaling pathway. Results showed that the mRNA and protein expressions of TGFβ1 and Notch1 were both lower in the GDM group than that in the NP group. Besides, there were positive correlations among HOXC8, TGFβ1 and Notch1. Inhibition of TGFβ1 (SB202190 treatment) reversed the effects of HOXC8 on trophoblast cells through modulating cell proliferation, mitochondrial apoptosis, migration and angiogenesis. At last, through in vivo experiments, it was identified that HOXC8 relieved GDM symptoms in vivo. In conclusion, HOXC8 alleviated HG-stimulated damage of trophoblast cells during GDM through activating TGFβ1-mediated Notch1 pathway. This discovery may provide a novel and useful bio-target for GDM treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First people's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Chengzhen Gao
- Department of Obstetrics, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First people's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Cao
- Department of Obstetrics, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First people's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Biru Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Fedulova MV, Kupriyanov DD. [TGFβ1 antibodies application for IHC determination of injuries vitality. The experimental results]. Sud Med Ekspert 2023; 66:43-46. [PMID: 37796460 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20236605143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
THE AIM OF THE STUDY Is to examine the applicability of IHC staining method with TGFβ1 antibodies for injuries vitality determination. 72 skin autopsy samples with mechanical injuries from 12 persons were divided to 3 groups (n=24 in each group): vital injuries, postmortal injuries, control non-injured samples. A routine histological examination using standard H&E stain and IHC with TGFβ1 antibodies was performed. We concluded the positive TGFβ1 staining was in keratinocytes in vitally injured skin and the negative one in postmortally injured and control non-injured samples. The role of TGFβ1 in the injuries healing process and the further examinations of the TGFβ1 staining method application for determination of injuries vitality are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M V Fedulova
- Russian Centre of Forensic Medical Expertise Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - D D Kupriyanov
- Russian Centre of Forensic Medical Expertise Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Trink J, Ahmed U, O'Neil K, Li R, Gao B, Krepinsky JC. Cell surface GRP78 regulates TGFβ1-mediated profibrotic responses via TSP1 in diabetic kidney disease. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1098321. [PMID: 36909183 PMCID: PMC9998550 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1098321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of kidney failure in North America, characterized by glomerular accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. High glucose (HG) induction of glomerular mesangial cell (MC) profibrotic responses plays a central role in its pathogenesis. We previously showed that the endoplasmic reticulum resident GRP78 translocates to the cell surface in response to HG, where it mediates Akt activation and downstream profibrotic responses in MC. Transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) is recognized as a central mediator of HG-induced profibrotic responses, but whether its activation is regulated by cell surface GRP78 (csGRP78) is unknown. TGFβ1 is stored in the ECM in a latent form, requiring release for biological activity. The matrix glycoprotein thrombospondin 1 (TSP1), known to be increased in DKD and by HG in MC, is an important factor in TGFβ1 activation. Here we determined whether csGRP78 regulates TSP1 expression and thereby TGFβ1 activation by HG. Methods: Primary mouse MC were used. TSP1 and TGFβ1 were assessed using standard molecular biology techniques. Inhibitors of csGRP78 were: 1) vaspin, 2) the C-terminal targeting antibody C38, 3) siRNA downregulation of its transport co-chaperone MTJ-1 to prevent GRP78 translocation to the cell surface, and 4) prevention of csGRP78 activation by its ligand, active α2-macroglobulin (α2M*), with the neutralizing antibody Fα2M or an inhibitory peptide. Results: TSP1 transcript and promoter activity were increased by HG, as were cellular and ECM TSP1, and these required PI3K/Akt activity. Inhibition of csGRP78 prevented HG-induced TSP1 upregulation and deposition into the ECM. The HG-induced increase in active TGFβ1 in the medium was also inhibited, which was associated with reduced intracellular Smad3 activation and signaling. Overexpression of csGRP78 increased TSP-1, and this was further augmented in HG. Discussion: These data support an important role for csGRP78 in regulating HG-induced TSP1 transcriptional induction via PI3K/Akt signaling. Functionally, this enables TGFβ1 activation in response to HG, with consequent increase in ECM proteins. Means of inhibiting csGRP78 signaling represent a novel approach to preventing fibrosis in DKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jackie Trink
- Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Usman Ahmed
- Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kian O'Neil
- Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Renzhong Li
- Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Bo Gao
- Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Joan C Krepinsky
- Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Amin MAS, Sonpol HMA, Gouda RHE, Aboregela AM. Bisphenol A enhances apoptosis, fibrosis, and biochemical fluctuations in the liver of adult male rats with possible regression after recovery. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2023; 306:213-225. [PMID: 35773941 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental contaminant that might be harmful. Human exposure to BPA can occur during the fetal and postnatal periods and extends throughout life. This study aimed to estimate the effects of oral administration of BPA on rat liver and assess the possibility of recovery after cessation. Adult male albino rats were orally administered with BPA (50 mg/kg body weight) for 8 weeks, and then one group was left to recover for 4 weeks. Histological, immunohistochemical, biochemical, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assessments were performed. Loss of hepatic architecture, vascular dilatation congestion, and exudation, as well as cellular vacuolation, fat accumulation, and pyknotic nuclei were detected. Furthermore, inflammatory infiltration, localized metaplasia, and excessive collagen deposition in the portal triad were observed. Expression of Bcl-2-associated X protein and transforming growth factor beta 1 was prominent, denoting apoptosis and fibrosis. After the administration of BPA, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoproteins were enhanced. Additionally, total protein, albumin, and high-density lipoproteins decreased. After a recovery for 4 weeks, hepatic cellular and vascular pathologies returned to normal, except for some inflammatory infiltration. Regarding biochemical affection, most of the parameters were directed toward normal during recovery. However, most of them were still significantly different from controls. This explored BPA hepatotoxicity from structural and functional aspects, and the possible spontaneous reversibility was confirmed. However, the precise mechanisms underlying hepatotoxicity or recovery need more in-depth investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hany M A Sonpol
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab Hassan Elbanna Gouda
- Medical Biochemistry Unit, Zagazig Scientific and Medical Research Center, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Adel Mohamed Aboregela
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.,Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Cong P, Huang G, Zhao Y, Lan Y. Hydroxysafflor yellow A mitigates myocardial fibrosis induced by isoproterenol and angiotensin II. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:8588-8598. [PMID: 36628216 PMCID: PMC9827317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the potential inhibitory effect of Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) on myocardial fibrosis induced by isoproterenol (ISO) and angiotensin II (Ang II) and the possible underlying mechanism. METHODS Mice were injected subcutaneously with ISO and given HSYA by gavage in vivo. Masson's trichrome staining, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence assays were conducted to evaluate the expression and localization of collagen and inflammatory cytokines, respectively. In vitro, cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) were treated with various doses of HSYA and induced with Ang II. Cell proliferation and migration were assessed using wound healing assay. Cell counting kit-8 was used to measure the cell viability. Collagen I, collagen III, phosphorylation of Smad2/3, Smad2/3, TGFβ1, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, NLRP3 inflammasome-associated proteins were detected by Western blotting. Levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were evaluated using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate assay. RESULTS HSYA significantly inhibited ISO-induced myocardial fibrosis, NLRP3 inflammasome activation as well as IL-18 and IL-1β expressions in mice. HSYA significantly reduced the proliferation and migration of CFs, and suppressed the accumulation of collagen I and collagen III. TGFβ1 and P-Smad2/3 induced by Ang II was repressed by HSYA. HSYA downregulated IL-1β and IL-18, blocked NLRP3 activation, and reduced ROS in CFs. CONCLUSION HSYA may inhibit myocardial fibrosis by blocking NLRP3 pathway in CFs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peiran Cong
- Intensive Care Unit, Heilongjiang Provincial HospitalHarbin 1500036, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - Guangming Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Heilongjiang Provincial HospitalHarbin 1500036, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heilongjiang Provincial HospitalHarbin 1500036, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - Yuhuai Lan
- Intensive Care Unit, Heilongjiang Provincial HospitalHarbin 1500036, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Sun WH, Chen YH, Lee HH, Tang YW, Sun KH. PDK1- and PDK2-mediated metabolic reprogramming contributes to the TGFβ1-promoted stem-like properties in head and neck cancer. Cancer Metab 2022; 10:23. [PMID: 36474273 PMCID: PMC9727917 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-022-00300-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs is a key factor for cancer recurrence and metastases in head and neck cancer (HNC). Cancer stem cells (CSCs) in tumors have self-renewal, differentiation, and higher drug resistance capabilities, resulting in a poor prognosis for patients. In glucose metabolism, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase and impedes pyruvate from being metabolized into acetyl-CoA and entering the tricarboxylic acid cycle to generate energy. Studies have reported that PDK1 and PDK2 inhibition suppresses the growth, motility, and drug resistance of cancer cells. Furthermore, while TGFβ1 levels are persistently elevated in HNC patients with poor prognosis, the role of PDK isoforms in the TGFβ1-promoted progression and stem-like properties of HNC is unclear. METHODS Levels of PDK1 and PDK2 were evaluated in HNC tissue microarrays by immunohistochemistry to explore potential clinical relevance. PDK1 and PDK2 were knocked down by the lentivirus shRNA system to investigate their role in TGFβ1-promoted tumor progression in vitro. RESULTS We found that PDK2 levels were increased in the later stage of HNC tissues compared to constant PDK1 expression. After PDK1 and PDK2 knockdown, we discovered increased ATP production and decreased lactate production in TGFβ1-treated and untreated HNC cells. However, only PDK2 silencing significantly inhibited the clonogenic ability of HNC cells. We subsequently found that TGFβ1-promoted migration and invasion capabilities were decreased in PDK1 and PDK2 knockdown cells. The tumor spheroid-forming capability, motility, CSC genes, and multidrug-resistant genes were downregulated in PDK1 and PDK2 silencing CSCs. PDK1 and PDK2 inhibition reversed cisplatin and gemcitabine resistance of CSCs, but not paclitaxel resistance. CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that the PDK1- and PDK2-mediated Warburg effect contributes to the TGFβ1-enhanced stemness properties of HNC. Therefore, PDK1 and PDK2 may serve as molecular targets for the combination therapy of HNC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Hsuan Sun
- grid.260565.20000 0004 0634 0356Division of Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 112 Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yun-Hsuan Chen
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, #155, Section 2, Lie-Nong Street, Taipei, 112 Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hou-Hsuan Lee
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, #155, Section 2, Lie-Nong Street, Taipei, 112 Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Wen Tang
- grid.410764.00000 0004 0573 0731Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Stomatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 407 Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kuang-Hui Sun
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, #155, Section 2, Lie-Nong Street, Taipei, 112 Taiwan, Republic of China ,grid.410769.d0000 0004 0572 8156Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, 112 Taiwan, Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Zhang X, Kong F, Wang T, Huang X, Li W, Zhang M, Wen T, Liu J, Zhang Y, Meng J, Xu H. Iron oxide nanoparticles cause surface coating- and core chemistry-dependent endothelial cell ferroptosis. Nanotoxicology 2022; 16:829-843. [PMID: 36660964 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2022.2154176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are mostly intended to be administrated intravenously, understanding the interaction of IONPs with vascular endothelial cells is extremely crucial for developing safe application regimes of IONPs. In this work, interactions of three kinds of IONPs to endothelial cells were investigated both in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and in healthy mice. Both meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) coated Fe3O4 NPs (DMSA-Fe3O4 NPs) and DMSA-Fe2O3 NPs induced cell growth inhibition, while polyglucose sorbitol carboxymethyether coated Fe2O3 NPs(PSC-Fe2O3 NPs) did not. The PSC coating inhibited the cellular uptake of the IONPs. Both DMSA-Fe3O4 and DMSA-Fe2O3 NPs induced ferroptosis of HUVEC through upregulating phospholipid peroxides, which could be inhibited by typical ferroptosis inhibitors ferrostatin-1, Trolox and deferoxamine. Moreover, transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) was upregulated by DMSA-Fe3O4 NPs at protein and gene level. The inhibitor of TGFβ1 receptor LY210 could reduce the effect. When being intravenously injected in mice, DMSA-Fe3O4 NPs were observed locating in the liver, increased the levels of lipid peroxidation (4-hydroxynonenal), acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4(ACSL4) and TGFβ1, indicating ferroptosis occurrence in vivo. The ferroptosis of vascular endothelial cells in exposure with IONPs depended on the surface coating and core chemistry of the NPs. Both DMSA-Fe3O4 NPs and DMSA-Fe2O3 NPs could induce the ferroptosis of endothelial cells, while PSC-Fe2O3 NPs did not induce ferroptosis and apoptosis possibly due to the very low cellular uptake. DMSA-Fe3O4 NPs and TGFβ1 formed feedforward loop to induce ferroptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wanqing Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Meichen Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wen
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Meng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Xu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|