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Abu Bakar NFAB, Yeo ZL, Hussin F, Madhavan P, Lim V, Jemon K, Prabhakaran P. Synergistic effects of combined cisplatin and Clinacanthus nutans extract on triple negative breast cancer cells. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2023; 18:1220-1236. [PMID: 37250812 PMCID: PMC10209459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most invasive breast cancer subtype enriched with cancer stem cells. TNBCs do not express estrogen, progesterone, or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) receptors, making them difficult to be targeted by existing chemotherapy treatments. In this study, we attempted to identify the effects of combined cisplatin and Clinacanthus nutans treatment on MDA-MD-231 and MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells, which represent TNBC subtypes. Methods The phytochemical fingerprint of C. nutans ethanolic leaf extract was evaluated by LC-MS/MS analysis. We investigated the effects of cisplatin (0-15.23 μg/mL), C. nutans (0-50 μg/mL), and a combination of cisplatin (3.05 μg/mL) and C. nutans (0-50 μg/mL), on cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, mRNA expression in cancer stem cells (CD49f, KLF4), and differentiation markers (TUBA1A, KRT18) in TNBC cells. In addition, we also studied the interaction between cisplatin and C. nutans. Results Derivatives of fatty acids, carboxylic acid ester, and glycosides, were identified as the major bioactive compounds with potential anticancer properties in C. nutans leaf extract. Reductions in cell viability (0-78%) and proliferation (2-77%), as well as a synergistic anticancer effect, were identified in TNBC cells when treated with a combination of cisplatin and C. nutans. Furthermore, apoptotic induction via increased caspase-3/7 activity (MDA-MB-231: 2.73-fold; MDA-MB-468: 3.53-fold), and a reduction in cell invasion capacity to 36%, were detected in TNBC cells when compared to single cisplatin and C. nutans treatments. At the mRNA level, cisplatin and C. nutans differentially regulated specific genes that are responsible for proliferation and differentiation. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that the combination of cisplatin and C. nutans represents a potential treatment for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhin Leng Yeo
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia
| | - Faisal Hussin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia
| | - Priya Madhavan
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Vuanghao Lim
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Khairunadwa Jemon
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia
| | - Praseetha Prabhakaran
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia
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Pranaya S, Ragunath PK, Venkatesan P. Diagnosis of triple negative breast cancer using expression data with several machine learning tools. Bioinformation 2022; 18:325-330. [PMID: 36909691 PMCID: PMC9997499 DOI: 10.6026/97320630018325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the top three commonly caused cancers worldwide. Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC), a subtype of breast cancer, lacks expression of the oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2. This makes the prognosis poor and early detection hard. Therefore, AI based neural models such as Binary Logistic Regression, Multi-Layer Perceptron and Radial Basis Functions were used for differential diagnosis of normal samples and TNBC samples collected from signal intensity data of microarray experiment. Genes that were significantly upregulated in TNBC were compared with healthy controls. The MLP model classified TNBC and normal cells with anaccuracy of 93.4%. However, RBF gave 74% accuracy and binary Logistic Regression model showed an accuracy of 90.0% in identifying TNBC cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankaranarayanan Pranaya
- Department of Bioinformatics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai - 600 116, India
| | - PK Ragunath
- Department of Bioinformatics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai - 600 116, India
| | - P Venkatesan
- Department of Statistics, ICMR, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chetpet, Chennai - 600 031, India
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Khazaei-Poul Y, Shojaei S, Koochaki A, Ghanbarian H, Mohammadi-Yeganeh S. Evaluating the influence of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells-derived exosomes loaded with miR-3182 on metastatic performance of Triple Negative Breast Cancer cells. Life Sci 2021; 286:120015. [PMID: 34614416 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Deregulation of microRNA (miRNA) function has been linked to numerous human cancers, such as Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). Exosomes, a subgroup of extracellular vehicles (EVs), can efficiently deliver many different cargo types to the target cell and have an extensive role in delivering therapeutic cargo for treatment. The present study intended to interrogate the effects of exosomal delivery of miR-3182 on TNBC cellular processes. MAIN METHODS Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells (HUCMSCs) were cultured and exosomes were isolated and characterized using TEM, SEM, DLS, and Western blot. Exosomes were transfected with miR-3182 and added to the treatment groups. The expression level of miR-3182 and their target genes including mTOR and S6KB1 were evaluated using RT-qPCR. The effects of miR-3182 loaded HUCMSC-exosomes treatment on the cellular aspect of MDA-MB-231 cells including their viability, migration potency, cell cycle status and apoptosis were investigated. KEY FINDINGS According to the results, exosomal miR-3182 significantly abolished cell proliferation and migration (P < 0.05). miR-3182 loaded exosomes also induced apoptosis in TNBC cells by down-regulating mTOR and S6KB1 genes (P < 0.05). SIGNIFICANCE In nutshell, miR-3182-loaded HUCMSC-exosomes can suppress TNBC invasion, suggesting that exosomes containing miR-3182 could be a reliable therapeutic paradigm in TNBC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalda Khazaei-Poul
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Samaneh Shojaei
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ameneh Koochaki
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hossein Ghanbarian
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Samira Mohammadi-Yeganeh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Howard J, Wyse C, Argyle D, Quinn C, Kelly P, McCann A. Exosomes as Biomarkers of Human and Feline Mammary Tumours; A Comparative Medicine Approach to Unravelling the Aggressiveness of TNBC. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188431. [PMID: 32950643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Comparative oncology is defined as the discipline that integrates naturally occurring cancers seen in veterinary medicine, into more general studies of cancer biology and therapy in humans, including the study of cancer-pathogenesis and new cancer treatments. While experimental studies in mice and rodents offer several advantages, including a wealth of genetic information, reduced variation and short generation intervals, their relevance in cancer biology is somewhat limited. Toward this end, as the biomedical research community works to make the promise of precision medicine a reality, more efficient animal cohort studies are critical. Like humans, companion animals such as cats and dogs living in family homes, are exposed to environmental factors that may influence the development of disease. Furthermore, it has been shown that the basic biochemical and physiological processes of companion animals more closely resemble humans compared to rodents. Research has demonstrated that female domestic cats (Felis catus) may represent a comparative model for investigation of mammary carcinogenesis, and in particular, Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). TNBC is a subtype of breast cancer that typically lacks the expression of the oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and does not overexpress the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). An exciting and rapidly expanding area in cancer biology is the study of exosomes. Exosomes are nanoparticles released from cells and have been found in biological fluids of humans, domestic cats and dogs. In addition to their role as biomarkers, exosomes are implicated in the pathogenesis of certain diseases, including cancer. This review explores the current understanding of exosome biology in human TNBC, and of the potential benefits of comparative research in naturally-occurring mammary tumours in companion animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Howard
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; UCD School of Medicine, College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Cathy Wyse
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - David Argyle
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Cecily Quinn
- UCD School of Medicine, College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; Department of Histopathology, St. Vincent's University Hospital (SVUH), Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Pamela Kelly
- UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Amanda McCann
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; UCD School of Medicine, College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Arowosegbe MA, Amusan OT, Adeola SA, Adu OB, Akinola IA, Ogungbe BF, Omotuyi OI, Saibu GM, Ogunleye AJ, Kanmodi RI, Lugbe NE, Ogunmola OJ, Ajayi DC, Ogun SO, Oyende FO, Bello AO, Ishola PG, Obasieke PE. Kaempferol as a Potential PAK4 Inhibitor in Triple Negative Breast Cancer: Extra Precision Glide Docking and Free Energy Calculation. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2020; 17:682-695. [PMID: 31441728 DOI: 10.2174/1570163816666190823135948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND P-21 activating kinase 4 (PAK4) is implicated in poor prognosis of many human tumors, particularly in Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) progression. Studies have revealed the crucial role of PAK4 in cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth and cell migration among other hallmarks of cancer. Thus, PAK4 is an attractive target for anti-TNBC drug design and development. In our research, we used in silico methods to investigate the inhibitory potentials of kaempferol against PAK4 as compared with co-crystallized 4T6 and a standard PAK4 inhibitor-KPT-9274. The ligands were docked into the ATP-binding site of the target enzyme and post-docking validations were calculated. RESULTS In the molecular docking results, kaempferol had higher affinity than the standard KPT-9274. However, the SP and XP docking scores for the co-crystallized 4T6 were the highest. The analyses of the docking showed a favorable interaction between kaempferol and the catalytic-important aminoacyl residues, especially GLU396, LEU398 and ASP458 in the ATP-binding site of PAK4 when compared with what was obtained in the 4T6-PAK4 complex. Molecular mechanics based MM-GBSA was used to validate docking results. The free energy calculations revealed that kaempferol may have a favorable biological activity. Furthermore, the druggability of each ligand was assessed using the QikProp module and the SwissADME online tool. Kaempferol possessed a propitious drug-like property when compared to the standard ligands. CONCLUSIONS We, therefore, put forward a logical argument that kaempferol can be further evaluated as a potential PAK4 inhibitor in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Arowosegbe
- Centre for Biocomputing and Drug Development, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo, Nigeria
| | | | - Segun A Adeola
- Department of Biochemistry, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Oluwatosin B Adu
- Department of Biochemistry, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Israel A Akinola
- Department of Microbiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria
| | - Bimpe F Ogungbe
- Department of Biochemistry, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olaposi I Omotuyi
- Centre for Biocomputing and Drug Development, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - Gbemisola M Saibu
- Department of Biochemistry, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Adewale J Ogunleye
- Centre for Biocomputing and Drug Development, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - Ramon I Kanmodi
- Department of Biochemistry, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Nekabari E Lugbe
- Department of Biochemistry, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce, Bayelsa, Nigeria
| | - Oluwafemi J Ogunmola
- Department of Biology (Storage Technology), Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - Damilola C Ajayi
- Centre for Biocomputing and Drug Development, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - Sedoten O Ogun
- Department of Biochemistry, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Faith O Oyende
- Department of Biochemistry, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Ahmed O Bello
- Department of Biochemistry, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Peter G Ishola
- Department of Biochemistry, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria
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Song H, Wu T, Xie D, Li D, Hua K, Hu J, Fang L. WBP2 Downregulation Inhibits Proliferation by Blocking YAP Transcription and the EGFR/PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway in Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 48:1968-1982. [PMID: 30092563 DOI: 10.1159/000492520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Dysregulated expression of WW domain-binding protein 2 (WBP2) is associated with poor prognosis in ER+ breast cancer patients. However, its role in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has not been previously assessed. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the functional mechanism of WBP2 in TNBC cells. METHODS qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemical staining were used to evaluate WBP2 expression in TNBC patient tumors and cell lines. HCC1937 and MDA-MB-231 cells transiently transfected with WBP2 small interfering RNA (siRNA), miR-613 mimics, or miR-613 inhibitors were subject to assays for cell viability, apoptosis and cell cycle distribution. Co-immunoprecipitation, western blotting or qRT-PCR were employed to monitor changes in signaling pathway-related genes and proteins. Luciferase assays were performed to assess whether WBP2 is a direct target of miR-613. The effect of miR-613 on tumor growth was assessed in vivo using mouse xenograft models. RESULTS The expression of WBP2 was upregulated in TNBC tissues and cells. Expression of WBP2 was significantly correlated with Ki67 in TNBC patients. Knockdown of WBP2 inhibited cellular proliferation, promoted apoptosis, and induced cell cycle arrest of TNBC cells. miR-613 directly bound to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of WBP2 and regulated the expression of WBP2. Moreover, miR-613 reduced the expression of WBP2 and suppressed tumor growth of TNBC cells in vivo. Knockdown of WBP2 inhibited YAP transcription and the EGFR/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in TNBC cells, and these effects were reversed by inhibition of miR-613. CONCLUSION WBP2 overexpression is associated with the poor prognosis of TNBC patients and the miR-613-WBP2 axis represses TNBC cell growth by inactivating YAP-mediated gene expression and the EGFR/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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García-Castillo V, López-Urrutia E, Villanueva-Sánchez O, Ávila-Rodríguez MÁ, Zentella-Dehesa A, Cortés-González C, López-Camarillo C, Jacobo-Herrera NJ, Pérez-Plasencia C. Targeting Metabolic Remodeling in Triple Negative Breast Cancer in a Murine Model. J Cancer 2017; 8:178-189. [PMID: 28243322 PMCID: PMC5327367 DOI: 10.7150/jca.16387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chemotherapy is the backbone of systemic treatment for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), which is one of the most relevant breast cancers molecular types due to the ability of tumor cells to develop drug resistance, highlighting the urgent need to design newer and safer drug combinations for treatment. In this context, to overcome tumor cell drug resistance, we employed a novel combinatorial treatment including Doxorubicin, Metformin, and Sodium Oxamate (DoxMetOx). Such pharmacological combination targets indispensable hallmarks of cancer-related to aerobic glycolysis and DNA synthesis. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five female nude mice were transplanted subcutaneously with MDA-MB-231 triple negative human cancer cell line. Once tumors were visible, mice were treated with doxorubicin, metformin, oxamate or all possible pharmacologic combinations. Treatments were administered daily for 15 days and tumors were measured by calipers every day. MicroPET images were taken in three different occasions, basal state, in the middle of the treatment, and at the end of treatment. Western blot analyses, qRT-PCR, flow cytometry, and cytotoxicity assays were performed to elucidate the mechanism of cell death promoted by the drugs in vitro. Results: In this work we assessed the proof of concept of metabolic correction in solid tumors as an effective drug treatment; hence, mice bearing tumors treated with the DoxMetOx therapy showed a complete inhibition of the tumor mass growing in 15 days of treatment depicted by the micro PET images. In vitro studies displayed that the three drugs together act by inhibiting both, mTOR-phosphorylation and expression of LDH-A gene, promoting apoptosis via dependent on the caspase-3 pathway, accompanied by cleavage of PARP. Moreover, induction of autophagy process was observed by the accumulation of LC3-II, a primordial protein implicated in the conformation and elongation of the autophagolysosome. Conclusions: The lack of effective drugs to inhibit TNBC growth is the main cause of therapy failure and tumor relapse. We have showed that targeting crucial molecular pathways in cancer by the combination of Doxorubicin, Metformin, and Oxamate resulted as an efficient and rapid tumor growth inhibitor in a triple negative xenograft model. Our findings are promising for patients diagnosed with TNBC tumors, for which unfortunately there are no reliable drug therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica García-Castillo
- Posgrade in Experimental Biology, Metropolitan University of Mexico
- FES-Iztacala, UBIMED, National Autonomous University of Mexico, UNAM, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carlos Pérez-Plasencia
- FES-Iztacala, UBIMED, National Autonomous University of Mexico, UNAM, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
- Genomics Lab, National Cancer Institute of Mexico, Mexico
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Saha S, Mandal P, Ganguly S, Jana D, Ayaz A, Banerjee A, Chouhan R, Sarkar DK. Decreased Expression of BRCA2 Accelerates Sporadic Breast Cancer Progression. Indian J Surg Oncol 2015; 6:378-383. [PMID: 27065665 PMCID: PMC4809839 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-015-0449-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human tumor suppressor BRCA2 has been known to function in the repair of DNA double strand break. Germ line mutation in BRCA genes predisposes individuals to familial breast and ovarian cancer. The aim of present study was to characterize the implication of BRCA2 expression in cases of non - hereditary (sporadic) breast cancer. Female breast cancer patients aged between 20 and 75 years who underwent surgery were randomly selected. Patients with Stage IV disease at time of primary diagnosis or previous history of any other malignancy other than breast carcinoma or undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy were excluded from the study. Total 48 patients full filled these criteria. Patients were treated with either modified radical mastectomy or breast conservation therapy. Concentration of BRCA2 was measured by Sandwiched method of ELISA. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the hormonal receptor status. Stage of the disease was not found to have any significant correlation on the BRCA2 expression. In patients with higher grade of tumors the level of BRCA2 expression was found to be low. Decreased expression of BRCA2 was found to be triple negative, had aggressive features and associated with higher chances of axillary metastasis. Genetic instability caused by decreased expression of BRCA2 could trigger mutations in sporadic breast cancer cases and mutations in turn leads to uncontrolled proliferation and invasive growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumi Saha
- Departement of General Surgery, IPGME&R/SSKMH, 244, A.J.C Bose Road, 700020 Kolkata, India
| | - Pranab Mandal
- Departement of General Surgery, IPGME&R/SSKMH, 244, A.J.C Bose Road, 700020 Kolkata, India
| | - Suvro Ganguly
- Departement of General Surgery, IPGME&R/SSKMH, 244, A.J.C Bose Road, 700020 Kolkata, India
| | - Debarshi Jana
- Departement of General Surgery, IPGME&R/SSKMH, 244, A.J.C Bose Road, 700020 Kolkata, India
| | - Asif Ayaz
- Departement of General Surgery, IPGME&R/SSKMH, 244, A.J.C Bose Road, 700020 Kolkata, India
| | - Abhirup Banerjee
- Departement of General Surgery, IPGME&R/SSKMH, 244, A.J.C Bose Road, 700020 Kolkata, India
| | - Rahul Chouhan
- Departement of General Surgery, IPGME&R/SSKMH, 244, A.J.C Bose Road, 700020 Kolkata, India
| | - Diptendra Kumar Sarkar
- Departement of General Surgery, IPGME&R/SSKMH, 244, A.J.C Bose Road, 700020 Kolkata, India
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Singha PK, Pandeswara S, Geng H, Lan R, Venkatachalam MA, Saikumar P. TGF-β induced TMEPAI/PMEPA1 inhibits canonical Smad signaling through R-Smad sequestration and promotes non-canonical PI3K/Akt signaling by reducing PTEN in triple negative breast cancer. Genes Cancer 2014; 5:320-36. [PMID: 25352949 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
TMEPAI (transmembrane prostate androgen-induced) is amplified at genomic, transcript and protein levels in triple-negative breast cancers and promotes TGF-β dependent growth, motility and invasion. Tumor promotion by TMEPAI depends on two different but related actions on TGF-β signaling. Firstly, TMEPAI binds and sequesters regulatory Smads2/3 and thereby decreases growth suppressive signaling by TGF-β. Secondly, increased expression of TMEPAI decreases PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) abundance, and thereby increases TGF-β dependent tumor promotive PI3K/Akt signaling. These actions of TMEPAI give rise to increased cell proliferation and motility. Moreover, signaling alterations produced by high TMEPAI were associated with oncogenic Snail expression and lung metastases. Finally, an inverse correlation between TMEPAI and PTEN levels was confirmed in triple negative breast cancer tumor samples. Together, our findings suggest that TMEPAI has dually critical roles to promote TGF-β dependent cancer cell growth and metastasis. Thus, redirected TGF-β signaling through TMEPAI may play a pivotal role in TGF-β mediated tumor promotion.
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