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Wen Y, Zhou Y, Tian L, He Y. Ethanol extracts of Isochrysis zhanjiangensis alleviate acute alcoholic liver injury and modulate intestinal bacteria dysbiosis in mice. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:4354-4362. [PMID: 38318717 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is responsible for 3.3 million deaths per annum. Efficacious therapeutic modalities or drug treatments for ALD have not yet been found, so it is urgent to seek new agents for preventing ALD and its related disease. Many experiments have indicated that modulating the gut microbiota and regulating the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) inflammatory pathway can provide a new target for prevention and treatment of ALD. Marine microalgae have their natural metabolic pathways to synthesize various of bioactive compounds as promising candidates for hepatoprotection. In this study, we investigated ethanol extracts from Isochrysis zhanjiangensis (EEIZ) to evaluate their ability to alleviate acute alcoholic liver injury, regulate TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory pathway and modulate intestinal bacteria dysbiosis in mice for ALD treatment. RESULTS In the acute ALD mouse model, EEIZ reduced levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, triacylglyceride, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein, while increasing the level of high-density lipoprotein. Besides, TLR4, myeloid differentiation factor 88, NF-κB and tumor necrosis factor-α expression levels in liver tissue were effectively downregulated by EEIZ. Furthermore, treatment with EEIZ enhanced intestinal homeostasis and significantly alleviated the damage caused by alcohol. CONCLUSION EEIZ showed effective hepatoprotective activity against alcohol-induced acute liver injury in mice as it could alleviate hepatocyte damage, suppress the TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory pathway and regulate the intestinal flora structure. EEIZ could be a good candidate for preventing acute alcoholic liver injury. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangmin Wen
- Department of basic medical science, Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou, China
| | - Youcai Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fuqing, China
| | - Li Tian
- Department of basic medical science, Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou, China
| | - Yongjin He
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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Ramirez-Cadiz C, Blaney H, Kubanek N, Díaz LA, Loomba R, Skladany L, Arab JP. Review article: Current indications and selection criteria for early liver transplantation in severe alcohol-associated hepatitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2024; 59:1049-1061. [PMID: 38475893 DOI: 10.1111/apt.17948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) is a severe inflammatory form of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) that carries a high mortality rate. Early liver transplantation for severe AH is increasingly available. However, specific criteria for referral and selection remain a subject of debate. AIMS To provide a narrative review of the natural history, diagnostic criteria and indications for referral for early liver transplantation for severe AH. METHODS We searched PubMed for articles published through August 2023. Key search terms were 'alcoholic hepatitis,' 'alcohol-associated hepatitis,' 'abstinence,' 'alcohol relapse,' and 'liver transplantation.' RESULTS Previously, a six-month period of alcohol abstinence was required before patients with ALD were considered for liver transplantation. However, studies in recent years have demonstrated that, among carefully selected patients, patients who received early transplants have much higher survival rates than patients with similarly severe disease who did not undergo transplants (77% vs. 23%). Despite these successes, early liver transplantation remains controversial, as these patients have typically not undergone treatment for alcohol use disorder, with the ensuing risk of returning to alcohol use. CONCLUSIONS While early liver transplantation for AH has survival benefits, many patients would not have received treatment for alcohol use disorder. An integrated approach to evaluating candidacy for early liver transplantation is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Ramirez-Cadiz
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine, Western University & London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hanna Blaney
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Natalia Kubanek
- Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Liver Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine II, Slovak Medical University Faculty of Medicine, F. D. Roosevelt University Hospital, Banska Bystrica, Slovak Republic
| | - Luis Antonio Díaz
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rohit Loomba
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Lubomir Skladany
- Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Liver Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine II, Slovak Medical University Faculty of Medicine, F. D. Roosevelt University Hospital, Banska Bystrica, Slovak Republic
| | - Juan Pablo Arab
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine, Western University & London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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Yang C, Yang Y, Hu X, Tang Q, Zhang J, Zhang P, Lu X, Xu J, Li S, Dong Z, Zhu L, Wang L. Loss of GCN5L1 exacerbates damage in alcoholic liver disease through ferroptosis activation. Liver Int 2024. [PMID: 38597373 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Iron overload, oxidative stress and ferroptosis are associated with liver injury in alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), however, the crosstalk among these regulatory pathways in ALD development is unclear. METHODS ALD mouse model and general control of amino acid synthesis 5 like 1 (GCN5L1) liver knockout mice were generated to investigate the role of GCN5L1 in ALD development. Proteomic screening tests were performed to identify the key factors mediating GCN5L1 loss-induced ALD. RESULTS Gene Expression Omnibus data set analysis indicates that GCN5L1 expression is negatively associated with ALD progression. GCN5L1 hepatic knockout mice develop severe liver injury and lipid accumulation when fed an alcohol diet. Screening tests identified that GCN5L1 targeted the mitochondrial iron transporter CISD1 to regulate mitochondrial iron homeostasis in ethanol-induced ferroptosis. GCN5L1-modulated CISD1 acetylation and activity were crucial for iron accumulation and ferroptosis in response to alcohol exposure. CONCLUSION Pharmaceutical modulation of CISD1 activity is critical for cellular iron homeostasis and ethanol-induced ferroptosis. The GCN5L1/CISD1 axis is crucial for oxidative stress and ethanol-induced ferroptosis in ALD and is a promising avenue for novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Centre for Medical Epigenetics, NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ye Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Centre for Medical Epigenetics, NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiuya Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis and Major Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiqi Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Centre for Medical Epigenetics, NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis and Major Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Peiyu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis and Major Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Lu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis and Major Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Juan Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Centre for Medical Epigenetics, NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Sai Li
- Department of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Centre for Medical Epigenetics, NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhengni Dong
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Centre for Medical Epigenetics, NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lingdi Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis and Major Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Lee HL, Kim JM, Go MJ, Joo SG, Kim TY, Lee HS, Kim JH, Son JS, Heo HJ. Fermented Protaetia brevitarsis Larvae Ameliorates Chronic Ethanol-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice via AMPK and TLR-4/TGF-β1 Pathways. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:606-621. [PMID: 38111317 PMCID: PMC11016765 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2310.10003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the hepatoprotective effect of fermented Protaetia brevitarsis larvae (FPB) in ethanol-induced liver injury mice. As a result of amino acids in FPB, 18 types of amino acids including essential amino acids were identified. In the results of in vitro tests, FPB increased alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activities. In addition, FPB treatment increased cell viability on ethanol- and H2O2-induced HepG2 cells. FPB ameliorated serum biomarkers related to hepatoxicity including glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamine pyruvic transaminase, total bilirubin, and lactate dehydrogenase and lipid metabolism including triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Also, FPB controlled ethanol metabolism enzymes by regulating the protein expression levels of ADH, ALDH, and cytochrome P450 2E1 in liver tissue. FPB protected hepatic oxidative stress by improving malondialdehyde content, reduced glutathione, and superoxide dismutase levels. In addition, FPB reversed mitochondrial dysfunction by regulating reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial membrane potential, and ATP levels. FPB protected ethanol-induced apoptosis, fatty liver, and hepatic inflammation through p-AMP-activated protein kinase and TLR-4/NF-κB signaling pathways. Furthermore, FPB prevented hepatic fibrosis by decreasing TGF-β1/Smad pathway. In summary, these results suggest that FPB might be a potential prophylactic agent for the treatment of alcoholic liver disease via preventing liver injury such as fatty liver, hepatic inflammation due to chronic ethanol-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Lim Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Min Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ji Go
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Gyum Joo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Yoon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Su Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hui Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Sung Son
- HMO Health Dream Agricultural Association Corporation, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jin Heo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
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Luo P, Yu X. ENPP2/Autotaxin: The potential drug target for alcoholic liver disease identified through Mendelian randomization analysis. Liver Int 2024. [PMID: 38517150 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS At present, there is still a lack of radical drug targets for intervention in alcoholic liver disease (ALD), and drug discovery through randomized controlled trials is a lengthy, risky, and expensive undertaking, so we aimed to identify effective drug targets based on human genetics. METHODS We used Mendelian randomization (MR) and Bayesian colocalization analysis to investigate 2639 genes encoding druggable proteins and examined the causal effects on ALD (PMID 34737426: 456348 European with 451 cases and 455 897 controls). In addition, we conducted the mediation analysis to explore the potential mechanism using the genome-wide association study (GWAS) data of blood biomarkers as mediators. RESULTS We finally identified the drug target: ENPP2/Autotaxin and genetically proxied ENPP2/Autotaxin was causally associated with the risk of ALD (OR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.64 to 3.16, p = 7.49E-7). In addition, we found that the effect of ENPP2/Autotaxin on ALD may be partly mediated by effector memory CD8+ T cell (the proportion of mediation effect: 8.49%). CONCLUSIONS Our integrative analysis suggested that genetically determined levels of circulating ENPP2/Autotaxin have a causal effect on ALD risk and are a promising drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiqiong Luo
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xuefeng Yu
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Wei L, Pan Y, Guo Y, Zhu Y, Jin H, Gu Y, Li C, Wang Y, Lin J, Chen Y, Ke C, Xu L. Symbiotic combination of Akkermansia muciniphila and inosine alleviates alcohol-induced liver injury by modulating gut dysbiosis and immune responses. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1355225. [PMID: 38572243 PMCID: PMC10987824 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1355225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is exacerbated by disruptions in intestinal microecology and immune imbalances within the gut-liver axis. The present study assesses the therapeutic potential of combining Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) with inosine in alleviating alcohol-induced liver injury. Methods Male C57BL/6 mice, subjected to a Lieber-DeCarli diet with 5% alcohol for 4 weeks, served as the alcoholic liver injury model. Various analyzes, including quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), ELISA, immunochemistry, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and flow cytometry, were employed to evaluate liver injury parameters, intestinal barrier function, microbiota composition, and immune responses. Results Compared to the model group, the A. muciniphila and inosine groups exhibited significantly decreased alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels, reduced hepatic fat deposition and neutrophil infiltration, alleviated oxidative stress and inflammation, and increased expression of intestinal tight junction proteins (Claudin-1, Occludin, and ZO-1). These effects were further pronounced in the A. muciniphila and inosine combination group compared to individual treatments. While alcohol feeding induced intestinal dysbiosis and gut barrier disruption, the combined treatment reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria (Oscillibacter, Escherichia/Shigella, and Alistipes) induced by alcohol consumption, promoting the growth of butyrate-producing bacteria (Akkermansia, Lactobacillus, and Clostridium IV). Flow cytometry revealed that alcohol consumption reduced T regulatory (Treg) populations while increasing those of T-helper (Th) 1 and Th17, which were restored by A. muciniphila combined with inosine treatment. Moreover, A. muciniphila and inosine combination increased the expression levels of intestinal CD39, CD73, and adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) along with enhanced proportions of CD4+CD39+Treg and CD4+CD73+Treg cells in the liver and spleen. The A2AR antagonist KW6002, blocked the beneficial effects of the A. muciniphila and inosine combination on liver injury in ALD mice. Conclusion This study reveals that the combination of A. muciniphila and inosine holds promise for ameliorating ALD by enhancing the gut ecosystem, improving intestinal barrier function, upregulating A2AR, CD73, and CD39 expression, modulating Treg cells functionality, and regulating the imbalance of Treg/Th17/Th1 cells, and these beneficial effects are partly A2AR-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wei
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yizhi Pan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yin Zhu
- Hepatology Diagnosis and Treatment Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Enze Medical Center (Group), Enze Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Haoran Jin
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yingying Gu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chuanshuang Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yaqin Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jingjing Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yongping Chen
- Hepatology Diagnosis and Treatment Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chunhai Ke
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Hepatology Diagnosis and Treatment Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lanman Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Hepatology Diagnosis and Treatment Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou, China
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Chen P, Li Y, Dai Y, Wang Z, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Li G. Advances in the Pathogenesis of Metabolic Liver Disease-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2024; 11:581-594. [PMID: 38525158 PMCID: PMC10960512 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s450460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer globally and the primary cause of death in cancer cases, with significant public health concern worldwide. Despite the overall decline in the incidence and mortality rates of HCC in recent years in recent years, the emergence of metabolic liver disease-related HCC is causing heightened concern, especially in countries like the United States, the United Kingdom, and P.R. China. The escalation of metabolic liver disease-related HCC is attributed to a combination of factors, including genetic predisposition, lifestyle choices, and changes in the living environment. However, the pathogenesis of metabolic liver disease-associated HCC remains imperfect. In this review, we encapsulate the latest advances and essential aspects of the pathogenesis of metabolic liver disease-associated HCC, including alcoholic liver disease (ALD), metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), and inherited metabolic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinggui Chen
- Department of Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaoxuan Li
- Department of School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunyan Dai
- Department of Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Department of Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunpeng Zhou
- Department of Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gaopeng Li
- Department of Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
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Li X, Liu L, Wan MX, Gong LM, Su J, Xu L. Active Components of Pueraria lobata through the MAPK/ERK Signaling Pathway Alleviate Iron Overload in Alcoholic Liver Disease. Chem Biodivers 2024:e202400005. [PMID: 38504590 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To delve into the primary active ingredients and mechanism of Pueraria lobata for alleviating iron overload in alcoholic liver disease. METHODS Pueraria lobata's potential targets and signaling pathways in treating alcohol-induced iron overloads were predicted using network pharmacology analysis. Then, animal experiments were used to validate the predictions of network pharmacology. The impact of puerarin or genistein on alcohol-induced iron accumulation, liver injury, oxidative stress, and apoptosis was assessed using morphological examination, biochemical index test, and immunofluorescence. Key proteins implicated in linked pathways were identified using RT-qPCR, western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Network pharmacological predictions combined with animal experiments suggest that the model group compared to the control group, exhibited activation of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway, suppression of hepcidin expression, and aggravated iron overload, liver damage, oxidative stress, and hepatocyte death. Puerarin and genistein, the active compounds in Pueraria lobata, effectively mitigated the aforementioned alcohol-induced effects. No statistically significant disparities were seen in the effects above between the two groups receiving drug therapy. CONCLUSION This study preliminarily demonstrated that puerarin and genistein in Pueraria lobata may increase hepcidin production to alleviate alcohol-induced iron overload by inhibiting the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- College of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Le Liu
- College of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Mei-Xuan Wan
- College of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Li-Min Gong
- College of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Juan Su
- College of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Li Xu
- College of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Screening and Research on Anti-pathogenic Plant Resources from Western Yunnan, Dali University, Dali, China
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9
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Xiong SY, Wu GS, Li C, Ma W, Luo HR. Clinical efficacy of probiotics in the treatment of alcoholic liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1358063. [PMID: 38533380 PMCID: PMC10964906 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1358063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a liver damage disease caused by long-term heavy drinking. Currently, there is no targeted pharmaceutical intervention available for the treatment of this disease. To address this, this paper evaluates the efficacy and safety of probiotic preparation in treating ALD through conducting a meta-analysis, and provides a valuable insight for clinical decision-making. Methods A systematic search was conducted across databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, and CBM from the inception dates to October 15, 2023, to identify clinical randomized controlled trials on probiotic preparations in the treatment of ALD. After the literature underwent screening, data extraction, and quality assessment, RevMan 5.3 and Stata 14.2 were employed for data analysis and processing. Results A total of 9 randomized controlled trials fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The results of the meta-analysis showed that probiotic preparation could significantly improve the liver function of patients with alcoholic liver disease compared with the control group. Probiotic intervention led to a significant reduction in the levels of alanine aminotransferase (MD=-13.36,95%CI:-15.80,-10.91;P<0.00001),aspartate aminotransferase (MD=-16.99,95%CI:-20.38,-13.59;P<0.00001),γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (MD=-18.79,95% CI:-28.23,-9.34; P<0.0001). Concurrently, the level of serum albumin (MD=0.19,95% CI:0.02,0.36;P=0.03) was increased. Furthermore, probiotic intervention could also modulate the composition of intestinal flora in patients with alcoholic liver disease, leading to an augmentation in Bifidobacteria and a reduction in Escherichia coli. However, in patients with alcoholic liver disease, probiotic intervention showed no significant effects on total bilirubin (MD=-0.01,95% CI:-0.17,0.15;P=0.91), tumor necrosis factor-α (MD=0.03,95% CI:-0.86,0.92;P=0.94) and interleukin-6 (MD=-5.3,95% CI:-16.04,5.45;P=0.33). Conclusion The meta-analysis indicates that probiotics can improve liver function in alcoholic liver disease, reduce inflammatory responses, regulate intestinal flora, which have potential value in the treatment of alcoholic liver disease. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023472527.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Ying Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Department, Yibin Sixth People’s Hospital, Yibin, Sichuan, China
| | - Gui-Sheng Wu
- Key Laboratory for Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Chun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Wenzhe Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Huai-Rong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- Key Laboratory for Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Xu L, Fu G. Cerebral venous thrombosis presented with symmetrical crescent-shaped intracranial hemorrhage in alcoholic liver disease: Case reports. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37441. [PMID: 38457541 PMCID: PMC10919519 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a relatively uncommon but fatal disease. It can be caused by a variety of hereditary or acquired thrombotic diseases. Initial presentation with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in CVT is rare but can further complicate the therapeutic measures and prognosis. Cases of CVT presented with ICH in patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD) have not been described in the literature, and it might be related with hemostatic abnormalities in ALD patients. PATIENT CONCERNS We report 2 cases of men admitted to our hospital who were diagnosed with CVT but initially presented with symmetrical crescent-shaped ICH; both of them were ALD patients. DIAGNOSES Cerebral imaging revealed extended CVT in both cases. The first case was a 64-year-old man with ALD deteriorated with unconsciousness and convulsions; computed tomography showed symmetrical crescent-shaped ICH in the right temporal lobe, and magnetic resonance venography revealed CVT. Another 50-year-old man with ALD complained about dizziness and weakness of his right limbs; computed tomography revealed symmetrical crescent-shaped ICH in bilateral parietal and occipital lobes, and magnetic resonance venography revealed CVT. INTERVENTIONS The first patient was referred to the endovascular thrombectomy. Both of them were treated with anticoagulation treatment. OUTCOMES Favorable outcomes were observed in both patients. LESSONS Symmetrical or multiple crescent-shaped ICH requires a high suspicion in the diagnosis of CVT; even with hemorrhage, it is still important to initiate anticoagulation therapy promptly. The crescent-shaped ICH might be a new sign for CVT, and further studies are needed in the underlying mechanisms of ALD and potential thrombophilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjia Xu
- Department of Neurology, Shaoxing Second Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University Medical College, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guoping Fu
- Department of Neurology, Shaoxing Second Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University Medical College, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
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11
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Díaz LA, Fuentes-López E, Idalsoaga F, Ayares G, Corsi O, Arnold J, Cannistra M, Vio D, Márquez-Lomas A, Ramirez-Cadiz C, Medel MP, Hernandez-Tejero M, Ferreccio C, Lazo M, Roblero JP, Cotter TG, Kulkarni AV, Kim W, Brahmania M, Louvet A, Tapper EB, Dunn W, Simonetto D, Shah VH, Kamath PS, Lazarus JV, Singal AK, Bataller R, Arrese M, Arab JP. Association between public health policies on alcohol and worldwide cancer, liver disease and cardiovascular disease outcomes. J Hepatol 2024; 80:409-418. [PMID: 37992972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The long-term impact of alcohol-related public health policies (PHPs) on disease burden is unclear. We aimed to assess the association between alcohol-related PHPs and alcohol-related health consequences. METHODS We conducted an ecological multi-national study including 169 countries. We collected data on alcohol-related PHPs from the WHO Global Information System of Alcohol and Health 2010. Data on alcohol-related health consequences between 2010-2019 were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease database. We classified PHPs into five items, including criteria for low, moderate, and strong PHP establishment. We estimated an alcohol preparedness index (API) using multiple correspondence analysis (0 lowest and 100 highest establishment). We estimated an incidence rate ratio (IRR) for outcomes according to API using adjusted multilevel generalized linear models with a Poisson family distribution. RESULTS The median API in the 169 countries was 54 [IQR 34.9-76.8]. The API was inversely associated with alcohol use disorder (AUD) prevalence (IRR 0.13; 95% CI 0.03-0.60; p = 0.010), alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) mortality (IRR 0.14; 95% CI 0.03-0.79; p = 0.025), mortality due to neoplasms (IRR 0.09; 95% CI 0.02-0.40; p = 0.002), alcohol-attributable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (IRR 0.13; 95% CI 0.02-0.65; p = 0.014), and cardiovascular diseases (IRR 0.09; 95% CI 0.02-0.41; p = 0.002). The highest associations were observed in the Americas, Africa, and Europe. These associations became stronger over time, and AUD prevalence was significantly lower after 2 years, while ALD mortality and alcohol-attributable HCC incidence decreased after 4 and 8 years from baseline API assessment, respectively (p <0.05). CONCLUSIONS The API is a valuable instrument to quantify the robustness of alcohol-related PHP establishment. Lower AUD prevalence and lower mortality related to ALD, neoplasms, alcohol-attributable HCC, and cardiovascular diseases were observed in countries with a higher API. Our results encourage the development and strengthening of alcohol-related policies worldwide. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS We first developed an alcohol preparedness index, an instrument to assess the existence of alcohol-related public policies for each country. We then evaluated the long-term association of the country's alcohol preparedness index in 2010 with the burden of chronic liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, other neoplasms, and cardiovascular disease. The strengthening of alcohol-related public health policies could impact long-term mortality rates from cardiovascular disease, neoplasms, and liver disease. These conditions are the main contributors to the global burden of disease related to alcohol use. Over time, this association has not only persisted but also grown stronger. Our results expand the preliminary evidence regarding the importance of public health policies in controlling alcohol-related health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Antonio Díaz
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Observatorio Multicéntrico de Enfermedades Gastrointestinales, OMEGA, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eduardo Fuentes-López
- Observatorio Multicéntrico de Enfermedades Gastrointestinales, OMEGA, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Idalsoaga
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gustavo Ayares
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Oscar Corsi
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Arnold
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Macarena Cannistra
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Danae Vio
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Carolina Ramirez-Cadiz
- Department of Anesthesiology, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - María Paz Medel
- Departamento de Medicina Familiar, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Catterina Ferreccio
- Public Health Department, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, ACCDis, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mariana Lazo
- Department of Community Health and Prevention, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Juan Pablo Roblero
- Sección Gastroenterología, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Escuela de Medicina Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Thomas G Cotter
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Anand V Kulkarni
- Department of Hepatology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Won Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mayur Brahmania
- Univeristy of Calgary, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Alexandre Louvet
- Hôpital Claude Huriez, Services des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, CHRU Lille, and Unité INSERM 995, Lille, France
| | - Elliot B Tapper
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Gastroenterology Section, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Douglas Simonetto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Vijay H Shah
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Patrick S Kamath
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jeffrey V Lazarus
- CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy (CUNY SPH), New York, NY, USA; Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ashwani K Singal
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | | | - Marco Arrese
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Observatorio Multicéntrico de Enfermedades Gastrointestinales, OMEGA, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Pablo Arab
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Observatorio Multicéntrico de Enfermedades Gastrointestinales, OMEGA, Santiago, Chile; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine, Western University & London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
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Cai SQ, Zhou SF, Zhou LF, Li YR, Zhou XY, Lyu FY. [Mechanism of Shenling Baizhu Powder on treatment of alcoholic liver disease by regulating TLR4/NLRP3 pathway]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2024; 49:1275-1285. [PMID: 38621975 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20231114.704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the regulatory effects of Shenling Baizhu Powder(SBP) on cellular autophagy in alcoholic liver disease(ALD) and its intervention effect through the TLR4/NLRP3 pathway. A rat model of chronic ALD was established by gavage of spirits. An ALD cell model was established by stimulating BRL3A cells with alcohol. High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was utilized for the compositional analysis of SBP. Liver tissue from ALD rats underwent hematoxylin-eosin(HE) and oil red O staining for pathological evaluation. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was applied to quantify lipopolysaccharides(LPS), tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β), and interleukin-18(IL-18) levels. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR) was conducted to evaluate the mRNA expression of myeloid differentiation factor 88(MyD88) and Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4). The effect of different drugs on BRL3A cell proliferation activity was assessed through CCK-8 analysis. Western blot analysis was performed to examine the protein expression of NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3(NLRP3), nuclear factor-kappa B P65(NF-κB P65), phosphorylated nuclear factor-kappa B P65(p-P65), caspase-1, P62, Beclin1, and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3Ⅱ). The results showed that SBP effectively ameliorated hepatic lipid accumulation, reduced liver function, mitigated hepatic tissue inflammation, and reduced levels of LPS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-18. Moreover, SBP exhibited the capacity to modulate hepatic autophagy induced by prolonged alcohol intake through the TLR4/NLRP3 signaling pathway. This modulation resulted in decreased expression of LC3Ⅱ and Beclin1, an elevation in P62 expression, and the promotion of autolysosome formation. These research findings imply that SBP can substantially enhance liver function and mitigate lipid irregularities in the context of chronic ALD. It achieves this by regulating excessive autophagic responses caused by prolonged spirit consumption, primarily through the inhibition of the TLR4/NLRP3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Qin Cai
- the First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Su-Fang Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Li-Fang Zhou
- the First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Yu-Ru Li
- the First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Zhou
- the First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Fang-Yi Lyu
- the First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guiyang 550000, China
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13
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Song J, Qin BF, Zhang JJ, Feng QY, Liu GC, Zhao GY, Sun HM. Regulation of the Nur77-P2X7r Signaling Pathway by Nodakenin: A Potential Protective Function against Alcoholic Liver Disease. Molecules 2024; 29:1078. [PMID: 38474588 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is the main factor that induces liver-related death worldwide and represents a common chronic hepatopathy resulting from binge or chronic alcohol consumption. This work focused on revealing the role and molecular mechanism of nodakenin (NK) in ALD associated with hepatic inflammation and lipid metabolism through the regulation of Nur77-P2X7r signaling. In this study, an ALD model was constructed through chronic feeding of Lieber-DeCarli control solution with or without NK treatment. Ethanol (EtOH) or NK was administered to AML-12 cells, after which Nur77 was silenced. HepG2 cells were exposed to ethanol (EtOH) and subsequently treated with recombinant Nur77 (rNur77). Mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPMs) were treated with lipopolysaccharide/adenosine triphosphate (LPS/ATP) and NK, resulting in the generation of conditioned media. In vivo, histopathological alterations were markedly alleviated by NK, accompanied by reductions in serum triglyceride (TG), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and the modulation of Lipin-1, SREBP1, and Nur77 levels in comparison to the EtOH-exposed group (p < 0.001). Additionally, NK reduced the production of P2X7r and NLRP3. NK markedly upregulated Nur77, inhibited P2X7r and Lipin-1, and promoted the function of Cytosporone B, a Nur77 agonist (p < 0.001). Moreover, Nur77 deficiency weakened the regulatory effect of NK on P2X7r and Lipin-1 inhibition (p < 0.001). In NK-exposed MPMs, cleaved caspase-1 and mature IL-1β expression decreased following LPS/ATP treatment (p < 0.001). NK also decreased inflammatory-factor production in primary hepatocytes stimulated with MPM supernatant. NK ameliorated ETOH-induced ALD through a reduction in inflammation and lipogenesis factors, which was likely related to Nur77 activation. Hence, NK is a potential therapeutic approach to ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Song
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Bo-Feng Qin
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Jin-Jin Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Qi-Yuan Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Guan-Cheng Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Gui-Yun Zhao
- College of Science, Traditional Chinese Medicine Biotechnology Innovation Center in Jilin Province, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Hai-Ming Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
- College of Science, Traditional Chinese Medicine Biotechnology Innovation Center in Jilin Province, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
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14
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Taha SR, Fazlollahpour-Naghibi A, Zadeh MS, Bagheri K, Youshanlouei HR, Mosaddeghi-Heris R, Hejazian SS, Khalaji A, Alavi SS, Fattahi P, Mehrtabar S. The Hepatoprotective Effects of Ginsenoside from Ginseng: A Review of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potentials. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:CPB-EPUB-138842. [PMID: 38424417 DOI: 10.2174/0113892010291326240214095327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Treatment of hepatic diseases presents a significant challenge due to their diverse nature. Ginsenosides, bioactive compounds derived from the root of Panax ginseng and widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, offer multifaceted protection to various organs in the body. Their versatile effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and more, make them a promising approach for addressing hepatic disorders. This review explores the intricate molecular mechanisms and properties of ginsenosides in the prevention and treatment of liver ailments, from mild conditions to severe damage and liver fibrosis. Given the increasing prevalence of hepatic disorders, this article sheds light on the significant pharmaceutical potential of ginsenosides in the realm of hepatic disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Reza Taha
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Andarz Fazlollahpour-Naghibi
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Kimia Bagheri
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | | | - Seyyed Sina Hejazian
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amirreza Khalaji
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Shaghayegh Alavi
- Bioprocess Engineering Laboratory [BPEL], Department of Food Science, Engineering & Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 4111, Karaj, 31587-77871, Iran
| | - Payam Fattahi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Mehrtabar
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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15
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Sharma R, Zhao W, Zafar Y, Murali AR, Brown KE. Serum hepcidin levels in chronic liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 62:373-384. [PMID: 37540837 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-0540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dysregulation of hepcidin-iron axis is presumed to account for abnormal iron status in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). Our aim is to determine the effect of specific etiologies of CLD and of cirrhosis on serum hepcidin levels. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Web of Science were searched for studies comparing serum hepcidin levels in patients with CLD to that in controls using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Guidelines. Statistical analysis was carried out with STATA using random effects model to calculate the mean difference (MD) between two groups. RESULTS Hepcidin levels were significantly lower in subjects with hepatitis C virus (16 studies) [MD -1.6 (95 % CI: -2.66 to -0.54), p<0.01] and alcoholic liver disease (3 studies) [MD -0.84 (95 % CI: -1.6 to -0.07), p=0.03] than controls. Serum hepcidin was significantly higher in subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (12 studies) [MD 0.62 (95 % CI: 0.21 to 1.03), p<0.01], but did not differ in subjects with hepatitis B and controls (eight studies) [MD -0.65 (95 % CI: -1.47 to 0.16), p=0.12]. Hepcidin levels were significantly lower in patients with cirrhosis of any etiology (four studies) [MD -1.02 (CI: -1.59 to -0.45), p<0.01] vs. controls (CI: confidence interval). CONCLUSIONS Serum hepcidin levels are altered in common forms of CLD albeit not in a consistent direction. Additional study is needed to determine how changes in hepcidin levels are related to dysregulation of iron metabolism in CLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Weidan Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, SUNY Downstate, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Yousaf Zafar
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Arvind R Murali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Orlando Health, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Kyle E Brown
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Iowa City Veterans Administration Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Program in Free Radical and Radiation Biology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Hizo GH, Rampelotto PH. The Impact of Probiotic Bifidobacterium on Liver Diseases and the Microbiota. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:239. [PMID: 38398748 PMCID: PMC10890151 DOI: 10.3390/life14020239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown the promising potential of probiotics, especially the bacterial genus Bifidobacterium, in the treatment of liver diseases. In this work, a systematic review was conducted, with a focus on studies that employed advanced Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies to explore the potential of Bifidobacterium as a probiotic for treating liver pathologies such as Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH), Alcoholic Liver Disease (ALD), Cirrhosis, and Hepatocelullar Carcinoma (HCC) and its impact on the microbiota. Our results indicate that Bifidobacterium is a safe and effective probiotic for treating liver lesions. It successfully restored balance to the intestinal microbiota and improved biochemical and clinical parameters in NAFLD, ALD, and Cirrhosis. No significant adverse effects were identified. While more research is needed to establish its efficacy in treating NASH and HCC, the evidence suggests that Bifidobacterium is a promising probiotic for managing liver lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Henrique Hizo
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Pabulo Henrique Rampelotto
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core Facility, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91501-907, Brazil
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Gao X, Jian L, Zhang L, Xu Y, Zhao Y, Yang Y, Yuan Y, Wang Y, Xu S, Ren B, Li Z, Wang C, Li J, Gu Y, Ye J. Perilipin 5 protects the mitochondrial oxidative functions and improves the alcoholic liver injury in mice. Liver Int 2024; 44:357-369. [PMID: 37933091 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Alcohol consumption is a well-established risk factor for the onset and progression of hepatic steatosis. Perilipin 5 (Plin5), a lipid droplet protein, is an important protective factor against hepatic lipotoxicity induced by excessive lipolysis, but its role and molecular mechanism in alcoholic liver disease (ALD) are not fully elucidated. METHODS The optimized National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism model was used to construct ALD model mice. Automatic biochemical analyser was used for Biochemical Parameters. The primary hepatocytes and Plin5-overexpressed HepG2 cells (including full-length Plin5 and Plin5 deleting 444-464 aa) were used for in vitro experiment. Haematoxylin and Eosin staining, Oil Red O staining, Bodipy 493/503 staining, Periodic Acid-Schiff staining, immunohistochemistry and JC-1 staining were used to evaluate cell morphology, lipids, glycogen, inflammation and membrane potential. Commercially kits are used to detect glycolipid metabolites, such as triglycerides, glycogen, glucose, reactive oxygen species, lactic acids, ketone bodies. Fluorescently labelled deoxyglucose, NBDG, was used for glucose intake. An XF96 extracellular flux analyser was used to determinate oxygen consumption rate in hepatocytes. The morphological and structural damage of mitochondria was evaluated by electron microscopy. Classical ultracentrifugation is used to separate the subcellular organelles of tissues and cells. Immunoblotting and qPCR were used to detect changes in mRNA and protein levels of related genes. RESULTS Our results showed that the expression of Plin5 in mouse livers was enhanced by alcohol intake, and Plin5 deficiency aggravated the alcohol-induced liver injury. To clarify the mechanism, we found that Plin5 deficiency significantly elevated the hepatic NADH levels and ketone body production in the alcohol-treated mice. As NADH elevation could promote the reduction of pyruvate into lactate and then inhibit the gluconeogenesis, alcohol-treated Plin5-deficient mice exhibited more lactate production and severer hypoglycemia. These results implied that Plin5 deficiency impaired the mitochondrial oxidative functions in the presence of alcohol. In addition, we demonstrated that Plin5 could be recruited onto mitochondria by alcohol, while Plin5 without mitochondrial targeting sequences lost its mitochondrial protection functions. CONCLUSION Collectively, this study demonstrated that the mitochondrial Plin5 could protect the alcohol-induced mitochondrial injury, which provides an important new insight on the roles of Plin5 in highly oxidative tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lele Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Corps, Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Xi'an, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Diagnosis, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuqiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuanlin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shenhui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bincheng Ren
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zimeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Pathology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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18
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Karimi-Sales E, Mohaddes G, Alipour MR. Hepatoprotection of capsaicin in alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases. Arch Physiol Biochem 2024; 130:38-48. [PMID: 34396890 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2021.1962913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are common causes of chronic liver disease that share the range of steatosis, steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and finally, hepatocellular carcinoma. They are identified by the dysregulation of disease-specific signalling pathways and unique microRNAs. Capsaicin is an active ingredient of chilli pepper that acts as an agonist of transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily 1. It seems that the protective role of capsaicin against NAFLD and ALD is linked to its anti-steatotic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic effects. Capsaicin-induced inhibiting metabolic syndrome and gut dysbiosis and increasing bile acids production are also involved in its anti-NAFLD role. This review summarises the different molecular mechanisms underlying the protective role of capsaicin against NAFLD and ALD. More experimental studies are needed to clarify the effects of capsaicin on the expression of genes involved in hepatic lipid metabolism and hepatocytes apoptosis in NAFLD and ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Karimi-Sales
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Gisou Mohaddes
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Alipour
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Casotto V, Amidei CB, Saia M, Gregori D, Zanetto A, Fedeli U, Russo FP. Mortality related to HCV and other chronic liver diseases in Veneto (Italy), 2008-2021: Changes in trends and age-period-cohort effects. Liver Int 2024; 44:559-565. [PMID: 38031995 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The objective of this study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents on mortality related to chronic liver diseases (CLD). METHODS Age-standardized mortality rates were computed based on CLD as the underlying cause of death (UCOD) and as any mention in death certificates (multiple causes of death-MCOD). Time trends in age-standardized mortality rates were investigated using generalized estimation equation models. Additionally, we conducted age, period, and birth cohort (APC) analyses on CLD-related mortality associated with alcohol and hepatitis C virus (HCV). RESULTS Between 2008 and 2021, among residents in the Veneto region (Northeastern Italy) aged ≥35 years, there were 20 409 deaths based on the UCOD and 30 069 deaths based on MCOD from all CLD. We observed a 4% annual decline in age-standardized MCOD-based mortality throughout 2008-2021, with minor peaks corresponding to COVID-19 epidemic waves. Starting in 2016, the decline in HCV-related mortality accelerated further (p < .001). A peak in HCV-related mortality in the 1963-1967 birth cohort was observed, which levelled off by the end of the study period. Mortality related to alcoholic liver disease declined at a slower pace, becoming the most common aetiology mentioned in death certificates. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrates a significant decrease in HCV-related mortality at the population level in Italy with the introduction of DAAs. Continuous monitoring of MCOD data is warranted to determine if this favourable trend will continue. Further studies utilizing additional health records are needed to clarify the role of other CLD etiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mario Saia
- Clinical Governance, Azienda Zero, Padova, Italy
| | - Dario Gregori
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto Zanetto
- Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Azienda Ospedale-Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ugo Fedeli
- Epidemiological Department, Azienda Zero, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco P Russo
- Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Azienda Ospedale-Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
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Yang L, Bao Y, Fu Q, Fu Y, Tian Q, Tang Y, Xia Z, Zhou H, Wu C, Sun J, Huang Q. Exploring the Potential Role of Massa Medicata Fermentata in Alcoholic Liver Injury Disease Based on Network Pharmacology and Animal Experiments. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:CCHTS-EPUB-137878. [PMID: 38299285 DOI: 10.2174/0113862073278353231226100219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ALD is a chronic liver disease caused by chronic excessive alcohol consumption, for which there are no drugs with better efficacy. Ancient literature and modern studies have shown that Massa Medicata Fermentata (MMF) has a hangover effect and ameliorates hepatic inflammation, so we believe that MMF has a potential role in the treatment of alcoholic liver disease. METHODS UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS was used to characterize the chemical constituents in MMF. The database was utilized to collect targets for the components and diseases, and cross-targeting analysis of the targets was performed. PPI, KEGG, GO enrichment analysis and molecular docking were performed using the core cross-targeting information to preliminarily validate the mechanism of action of MMF on disease. Finally, animal validation was carried out using male KM mice of the alcoholic liver injury model. RESULTS MMF could play a role in the therapeutic prevention of alcoholic liver disease through the core targets AKT1, TNF, TP53, IL6 and CASP3 to regulate cancer pathways, lipid, and atherosclerosis, targeting IL-17 signaling, TNF signaling pathway, and hepatitis C, which was confirmed by animal pharmacodynamic experiments. CONCLUSION This study serves as a rationale to support MMF in the treatment of ALD and meets the urgent need for clinical treatment of ALD. At the same time, it broadens the scope of clinical application of MMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, China
| | - Yuchen Bao
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, China
| | - Qinwen Fu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine school of pharmacy Chengdu China
| | - Yue Fu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine school of pharmacy Chengdu China
| | - Qingqing Tian
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine school of pharmacy Chengdu China
| | - Yu Tang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine school of pharmacy Chengdu China
| | - Zihan Xia
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine school of pharmacy Chengdu China
| | - Huifang Zhou
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine school of pharmacy Chengdu China
| | - Chuyue Wu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine school of pharmacy Chengdu China
| | - Jilin Sun
- Sichuan Fuzheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Pharmacy Administration chengdu China
| | - Qinwan Huang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine school of pharmacy Chengdu China
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21
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Zhang H, Cui X, Liu W, Xiang Z, Ye JF. Regulation of intestinal microflora and metabolites of Penthorum chinense Pursh on alcoholic liver disease. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1331956. [PMID: 38328577 PMCID: PMC10847573 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1331956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) was the second leading cause of liver injury. Penthorum chinense Pursh (GHC) is an important Miao ethnic drug of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of liver disease, but the pathogenesis is not clear. Aim of the study: To analysis the intestinal microflora and metabolic pathway of GHC on ALD mice. Methods: An HPLC-QTOF-MS method was used to identified the components from GHC extract, firstly. 60 mice were divided into six groups including blank group, model group, positive group and GHC groups (0.29, 0.87 and 2.61 g/kg). ALD mice was treated with GHC for 12 days. ALT, AST, TC and TG in serum were determined, liver index and pathological analysis were achieved. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to detect the intestinal microbial diversity. Finally, UPLC-QTOF-MS was used to analysis the metabolic pathways. Results: 38 ingredients were identified in GHC extract. Compared with the model group, liver index of the positive group and GHC (2.61 g/kg) group was significantly reduced. Compared with the model group, contents of ALT, AST, TC and TG of GHC groups reduced in a dose-dependent manner. Intestinal microbial diversity analysis indicated that Chao1, Observed species, Pielou_e, and Shannon indexes in GHC group (2.61 g/kg) were lower than those in model group. Principal coordinate analysis indicated that the intestinal microbial composition between blank group and model group, the model group and GHC (2.61 g/kg) group changed significantly. Compared with the model group, proportion of Firmicutes decreased, and the proportion of Bacteroidetes increased significantly in GHC group, which were 50.84% and 40.15%. The more prominent bacteria in the GHC group were odoribacteraceae, turicibacter, deferribacteraceae, and the intestinal beneficial symbiotic bacteria mucispirillum. Metabolic analysis indicated that, compared with blank group, 90 metabolites in model group changed significantly, and 68 metabolites were significantly callback in GHC group. Discussion: GHC has a therapeutic effect on ALD by regulating intestinal flora imbalance and metabolic pathways including Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, Glutathione metabolism, Arginine and proline metabolism, Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, Butanoate metabolism and primary bile acid biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zheng Xiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ji-Feng Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Almazan E, Dixon J, Gerstenblith A, Andrews S, Flanary J, Cameron AM, Gurakar A, Chen PH. Between-hospital care referrals for severe alcohol-related liver disease during the COVID-19 pandemic, 2020 to 2022. Alcohol Alcohol 2024; 59:agad071. [PMID: 37873970 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agad071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased alcohol consumption during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic is projected to impact alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) morbidity and mortality. Inter-hospital escalation-of-care referral requests to our tertiary-care hepatology unit were analyzed from January 2020 through December 2022. Most requests to our center were for ALD with an increase in requests from intermediate care units, suggestive of higher acuity illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Almazan
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Juliette Dixon
- Department of Care Management, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Avi Gerstenblith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sarah Andrews
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - James Flanary
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Andrew M Cameron
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ahmet Gurakar
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Po-Hung Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Dos Santos AC, França TCS, Venzon L, Polli V, Polleti G, Trembulak E, Pilati SFM, da Silva LM. Are silymarin and N-acetylcysteine able to prevent liver damage mediated by multiple factors? Findings against ethanol plus LPS-induced liver injury in mice. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23560. [PMID: 37860953 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and silymarin (SIL) in the liver of mice exposed to ethanol and lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Mice were divided into four groups (n = 6): naive, vehicle, NAC (200 mg/kg), and SIL (200 mg/kg). Treatments were given orally (po) once daily for 10 days. Liver injury was induced by administration of ethanol (30%, po) for 10 days, once daily, followed by a single administration of LPS (2 mg/kg, ip) 24 h before euthanasia. After the treatment period, animals were euthanized, and liver and blood samples were collected. NAC, but not SIL, prevented the increase in oxalacetic glutamic transaminase (OGT) and pyruvic glutamic transaminase (PGT) serum levels. NAC and SIL did not restore levels of reduced glutathione or hepatic malonaldehyde. The treatments with NAC or SIL showed no difference in the activity of glutathione S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase compared to vehicle group. Myeloperoxidase and N-acetylglucosaminidase activities are increased, as well as the IL-6 and IL-10 levels in the liver. The treatment with NAC, but not SIL, reduced the N-acetylglucosamines activity and the IL-6 and IL-10 amount in the liver. Histological findings revealed microsteatosis in the vehicle group, which was not prevented by SIL but was partially reduced in animals receiving NAC. Unlike other liver injury models, NAC (200 mg/kg) or SIL (200 mg/kg) did not positively affect antioxidant patterns in liver tissue of animals exposed to ethanol plus LPS, but NAC treatment displays anti-inflammatory properties in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Caroline Dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Larissa Venzon
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Vitor Polli
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Polleti
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Erica Trembulak
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Luísa Mota da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- LaFaTI-Laboratório de Farmacologia do Trato Gastrointestinal e suas Interações, Departamento de Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Shree Harini K, Ezhilarasan D, Mani U. Molecular insights on intracellular Wnt/β-catenin signaling in alcoholic liver disease. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3916. [PMID: 38269515 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is one of the most common health problems worldwide, especially in developing countries caused by chronic consumption of alcohol on a daily basis. The ALD spectrum is initiated with the early stages of alcoholic fatty liver (steatosis), progressing to alcoholic steatohepatitis, followed by the later stages of fibrosis and in some cases, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The Wnt/β-catenin signaling required for healthy liver development, function, and regeneration is found to be aberrated in ALD, attributed to its progression. This review is to elucidate the association of Wnt/β-catenin signaling with various stages of ALD progression. Alcohol causes downregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling components and thereby suppressing the pathway. Reports have been published that aberrated Wnt/β-catenin signaling, especially the absence of β-catenin, results in decreased alcohol metabolism, causing steatosis followed by steatohepatitis via lipid accumulation, lipid peroxidation, liver injury, increased oxidative stress and apoptosis of hepatocytes, contributing to the advancement of ALD. Contrastingly, the progression of later stages of ALD like fibrosis and HCC depends on the increased activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and its components. Existing studies reveal the varied expression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in ALD. However, the dual role of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in earlier and later stages of ALD is not clear. Therefore, studies on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and its components in various manifestations of ALD might provide insight in targeting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in ALD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Shree Harini
- Department of Pharmacology, Hepatology & Molecular Medicine Lab, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Devaraj Ezhilarasan
- Department of Pharmacology, Hepatology & Molecular Medicine Lab, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Uthirappan Mani
- Animal House Division, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, India
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Cui Y, Jing C, Yue Y, Ning M, Chen H, Yuan Y, Yue T. Kefir Ameliorates Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury Through Modulating Gut Microbiota and Fecal Bile Acid Profile in Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300301. [PMID: 37933689 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is the leading cause of liver-related deaths worldwide. Kefir has been studied for its properties of anti-obesity, rebuilding intestinal homeostasis, and alleviating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, the possible role of kefir in the prevention or treatment of ALD has not been carefully considered. Here, it evaluated the protective effects of kefir supplementation on alcohol-induced liver injury. METHODS AND RESULTS C57BL/6J mice are fed to Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet containing alcohol to build ALD mouse model, followed by oral administration with kefir. Results indicate that kefir treatment improves liver pathological changes, decreases the expression levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and inflammatory markers, and increases antioxidant levels. Kefir supplementation also restores the intestinal barrier and altered microbial composition, indicates as increases of Blautia, Bacteroides, and Parasutterella and decreases in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio and populations of Psychrobacter, Bacillus, and Monoglobus. Moreover, kefir supplementation decreases the levels of total bile acids (BAs) and primary BAs and increases the secondary/primary BA ratio. Gut microbes play a key role in the conversion of primary to secondary fecal BAs. CONCLUSION Kefir can ameliorate ALD through regulating the composition of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Cui
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Chun Jing
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yuan Yue
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Mengge Ning
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yahong Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
- Xi'an Gaoxin No. 1 High School, Xi'an, 710119, China
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Xu F, Chen Z, Xie L, Yang S, Li Y, Wu J, Wu Y, Li S, Zhang X, Ma Y, Liu Y, Zeng A, Xu Z. Lactobacillus plantarum ST-III culture supernatant protects against acute alcohol-induced liver and intestinal injury. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 16:2077-2089. [PMID: 38126998 PMCID: PMC10911357 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The beneficial effects of probiotics have been studied in inflammatory bowel disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Probiotic supplements are safer and more effective; however, their potential mechanisms are unclear. An objective of the current study was to examine the effects of extracellular products of Lactobacillus plantarum on acute alcoholic liver injury. Mice on a standard chow diet were supplemented with Lactobacillus plantarum ST-III culture supernatant (LP-cs) for two weeks and administered alcohol at 6 g/kg body weight by gavage. Alcohol-induced liver injury was assessed by measuring plasma alanine aminotransferase activity levels and triglyceride content determined liver steatosis. Intestinal damage and tight junctions were assessed using histochemical staining. LP-cs significantly inhibited alcohol-induced fat accumulation, inflammation, and apoptosis by inhibiting oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress. LP-cs significantly inhibited alcohol-induced intestinal injury and endotoxemia. These findings suggest that LP-cs alleviates acute alcohol-induced liver damage by inhibiting oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress via one mechanism and suppressing alcohol-induced increased intestinal permeability and endotoxemia via another mechanism. LP-cs supplements are a novel strategy for ALD prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Center Li Huili Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Zengqiang Chen
- Healthcare Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Longteng Xie
- Department of Infection Diseases, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo 315700, China
| | - Shizhuo Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yuying Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Ruian People's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College Affiliated Third Hospital, Wenzhou 325200, China
| | - Junnan Wu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yuyu Wu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Siyuan Li
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xie Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo Medical Center Li Huili Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Yanyan Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Center Li Huili Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Yanlong Liu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Aibing Zeng
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zeping Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo Medical Center Li Huili Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, China
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Hizo GH, Rampelotto PH. The Role of Bifidobacterium in Liver Diseases: A Systematic Review of Next-Generation Sequencing Studies. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2999. [PMID: 38138143 PMCID: PMC10745637 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The physiopathology of liver diseases is complex and can be caused by various factors. Bifidobacterium is a bacterial genus commonly found in the human gut microbiome and has been shown to influence the development of different stages of liver diseases significantly. This study investigated the relationship between the Bifidobacterium genus and liver injury. In this work, we performed a systematic review in major databases using the key terms "Bifidobacterium", "ALD", "NAFLD", "NASH", "cirrhosis", and "HCC" to achieve our purpose. In total, 31 articles were selected for analysis. In particular, we focused on studies that used next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. The studies focused on assessing Bifidobacterium levels in the diseases and interventional aimed at examining the therapeutic potential of Bifidobacterium in the mentioned conditions. Overall, the abundance of Bifidobacterium was reduced in hepatic pathologies. Low levels of Bifidobacterium were associated with harmful biochemical and physiological parameters, as well as an adverse clinical outcome. However, interventional studies using different drugs and treatments were able to increase the abundance of the genus and improve clinical outcomes. These results strongly support the hypothesis that changes in the abundance of Bifidobacterium significantly influence both the pathophysiology of hepatic diseases and the related clinical outcomes. In addition, our critical assessment of the NGS methods and related statistical analyses employed in each study highlights concerns with the methods used to define the differential abundance of Bifidobacterium, including potential biases and the omission of relevant information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Henrique Hizo
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Pabulo Henrique Rampelotto
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core Facility, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91501-907, Brazil
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Ding C, Ng Fat L, Britton A, Im PK, Lin K, Topiwala A, Li L, Chen Z, Millwood IY, Bell S, Mehta G. Binge-pattern alcohol consumption and genetic risk as determinants of alcohol-related liver disease. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8041. [PMID: 38097541 PMCID: PMC10721893 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43064-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol-related liver disease (ARLD) represents a major public health burden. Identification of high-risk individuals would allow efficient targeting of public health interventions. Here, we show significant interactions between pattern of drinking, genetic predisposition (polygenic risk score, PRS) and diabetes mellitus, and risk of incident ARLD, in 312,599 actively drinking adults in UK Biobank. Binge and heavy binge drinking significantly increase the risk of alcohol-related cirrhosis (ARC), with higher genetic predisposition further amplifying the risk. Further, we demonstrate a pronounced interaction between heavy binge drinking and high PRS, resulting in a relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) of 6.07. Diabetes consistently elevates ARC risk across all drinking and PRS categories, and showed significant interaction with both binge patterns and genetic risk. Overall, we demonstrate synergistic effects of binge drinking, genetics, and diabetes on ARC, with potential to identify high-risk individuals for targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyi Ding
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Linda Ng Fat
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Annie Britton
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Pek Kei Im
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kuang Lin
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Anya Topiwala
- Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit (MRC PHRU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Iona Y Millwood
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit (MRC PHRU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Steven Bell
- Precision Breast Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Gautam Mehta
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK.
- Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK.
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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Fang X, Cao J, Tao Z, Yang Z, Dai Y, Zhao L. Hydroxytyrosol attenuates ethanol-induced liver injury by ameliorating steatosis, oxidative stress and hepatic inflammation by interfering STAT3/iNOS pathway. Redox Rep 2023; 28:2187564. [PMID: 36932927 PMCID: PMC10026757 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2023.2187564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Hydroxytyrosol (HT) is a polyphenol with a wide range of biological activities. Excessive drinking can lead to oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver, which usually develop into alcohol liver disease (ALD). At present, there is no specific drug to treat ALD. In this paper, the protection effect of HT on ALD and the underline mechanism were studied.Methods: HepG2 cells were exposed to ethanol in vitro and C57BL/6J mice were fed with a Lieber-DeCarli ethanol liquid diet in vivo.Results: triglyceride (TG) level in serum and the expression of fatty acid synthase (FASN) were reduced significantly by the treatment with HT The acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity was increased, the serum level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was decreased, catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) were increased, suggesting that HT may reduce its oxidative damage to the body by promoting alcohol metabolism. Furthermore, according to the mRNA levels of tnf-α, il-6 and il-1β, HT inhibited ethanol-induced inflammation significantly. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of HT may be related to suppress the STAT3/iNOS pathway.Dissussion: Our study showed that HT could ameliorate ethanol-induced hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress and inflammation and provide a new candidate for the prevention and treatment of ALD.
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Key Words
- ADH, alcohol dehydrogenase
- ALD, alcohol liver disease
- ALDH, acetaldehyde dehydrogenase
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase
- AST, aspartate aminotransferase
- CAT, catalase
- COX2, cyclo-oxygen-ase2
- CYP2E1, cytochrome P450 2E1
- DMSO, Dimethyl sulfoxide
- DPPH, 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
- FASN, fatty acid synthase
- GSH, glutathione
- HT, hydroxytyrosol
- HepG2
- Hepatic steatosis
- Hydroxytyrosol
- LDL, low density lipoprotein
- LPS, lipopolysaccharides
- Liver injury
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- NO, nitric oxide
- PPAR-γ, peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SREBP-1c, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c
- STAT3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
- STAT3/iNOS pathway
- TC, total cholesterol
- TG, triglyceride
- alcoholic liver disease
- anti-inflammation
- anti-oxidation
- iNOS, inducible nitric oxide Synthas
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianying Fang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiamin Cao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Tao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqing Yang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Dai
- Yanghe Distillery Co. Ltd, Suqian, People's Republic of China
| | - Linguo Zhao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Kim SH, Jang Y, Kim H. Concept and risk factors of alcohol relapse in liver transplant recipients with alcohol-related aetiologies: A scoping review. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2023; 32:1583-1597. [PMID: 37475208 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol relapse in those who received liver transplantation (LT) for alcohol-related liver disease can lead to poor graft function, low medication adherence rates and decreased chances of survival. Numerous studies have evaluated on this topic; however, discrepancies in the meaning and measurement of 'alcohol relapse' lead to heterogeneous results. This scoping review aimed to explore the conceptual and operational definitions of alcohol relapse in LT recipients with alcohol-related aetiologies and to examine newly reported risk factors of alcohol relapse. Following the Arksey and O'Malley scoping review method and PRISMA guidelines, structured searches for articles published from 2012 to 2022 were conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane and PsycINFO. Twenty-eight studies were included in the final review. Alcohol relapse was either defined as 'any alcohol consumption' or 'a certain degree of alcohol drinking' after transplantation. Discrepancies in the incidence rates persisted even within studies that shared the same conceptual definition. Commonly reported risk factors for alcohol relapse were younger age, social isolation and shorter abstinence periods before LT. Self-efficacy and post-transplant complications were newly identified risk factors in recent studies; whereas environmental factors such as external stressors were rarely included. The variance in the definition of alcohol relapse and inconsistent identification methods make it difficult to organize a structured interventional study. A standardized stratification of post-LT alcohol relapse behaviour is needed to prior to implementing interventions that employ a harm minimization approach. Cost-effective interventions promoting self-efficacy could enable the prevention and management of alcohol relapse after LT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yeonsoo Jang
- College of Nursing·Mo-im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunji Kim
- College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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Pár A, Pár G. [ Alcoholic liver disease - 2023]. Orv Hetil 2023; 164:1846-1864. [PMID: 38007815 DOI: 10.1556/650.2023.32921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease represents a spectrum of liver injuries from fatty liver, steatohepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma. Progression of the disease depends on the amount of alcohol consumption and risk factors or comorbidities, e.g., genetic predisposition, female susceptibility, diet, smoking, obesity, viral infection. Patients with alcoholic liver disease have two pathologies to be diagnosed and treated: the liver disease per se, and the harmful, excessive alcohol consumption (alcohol use disorder) or even dependence. The early diagnosis is important for both conditions and for achieving abstinence. For the diagnosis, there are several biomarkers and non-invasive tests, including psychological tools. To maintain abstinence, pharmacological and non pharmacological interventions can be applied. Concerning the liver disease, the main aims of treatment are to decrease inflammation and oxidative stress, to inhibit cell injury and fibrosis, to modulate liver-gut axis and to support regeneration. Management of patients with alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis often needs a psychological support, delivered by a multidisciplinary integrated care model, a close cooperation between addiction experts and hepatologists. Patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis not responding to medical (corticosteroid) therapy should be carefully selected and considered for early liver transplantation. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(47): 1846-1864.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alajos Pár
- 1 Pécsi Tudományegyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Klinikai Központ, I. Sz. Belgyógyászati Klinika Pécs, Pacsirta u. 1., 7624 Magyarország
- 2 Pécsi Tudományegyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Klinikai Központ, II. Sz. Belgyógyászati Klinika és Nephrologiai, Diabetológiai Centrum Pécs Magyarország
| | - Gabriella Pár
- 1 Pécsi Tudományegyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Klinikai Központ, I. Sz. Belgyógyászati Klinika Pécs, Pacsirta u. 1., 7624 Magyarország
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Wang D, Wang J, Wu Y, Liu C, Huang Y, Chen Y, Ding Z, Guan Y, Wu Q. Amelioration of Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury via Attenuating Oxidative Damage and Modulating Inflammation by Means of Ursodeoxycholic Acid-Zein Nanoparticles. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:17080-17096. [PMID: 38104279 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has been broadly adopted for the clinical treatment of hepatic and biliary diseases; however, its poor water-solubility becomes an obstacle in wide applications. To overcome these challenges, herein, a two-tier UDCA-embedded system of zein nanoparticles (NPs) along with a polyelectrolyte complex was designed under facile conditions. Both the UDCA-zein NPs and their inclusion microcapsules showed a spherical shape with a uniform size. A typical wall plus capsule/core structure was formed in which UDCA-zein NPs distributed evenly in the interior. The UDCA inclusion microcapsules had an encapsulation rate of 67% and were released in a non-Fickian or anomalous transport manner. The bioavailability and efficacy of UDCA-zein NPs were assessed in vivo through the alcoholic liver disease (ALD) mouse model via intragastric administration. UDCA-zein NPs ameliorated the symptoms of ALD mice remarkably, which were mainly exerted through attenuation of antioxidant stress levels. Meanwhile, it notably upregulated the intestinal tight junction protein expression and improved and maintained the integrity of the mucosal barrier effectively. Collectively, with the improvement of bioavailability, the UDCA-zein NPs prominently alleviated the oxidative damage induced by alcohol, modulating the inflammation so as to restore ALD. It is anticipated that UDCA-zein NPs have great therapeutic potential as sustained-nanovesicles in ALD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Eco-engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Eco-engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, PR China
| | - Yingchao Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Eco-engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, PR China
| | - Caixia Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Eco-engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, PR China
| | - Yuzhe Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Eco-engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, PR China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Eco-engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, PR China
| | - Zhifeng Ding
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Yixin Guan
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qingxi Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Eco-engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, PR China
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Elkrief L, Ganne-Carrié N, Manceau H, Tanguy M, Valainathan SR, Riescher-Tuczkiewicz A, Biquard L, Barget N, Chaffaut C, Louvet A, Paradis V, Ziol M, Bæk R, Jørgensen MM, Van Niel G, Coly PM, Hammoutène A, Dujardin F, Peoc'h K, Poynard T, Chevret S, Rautou PE. Hepatocyte-derived biomarkers predict liver-related events at 2 years in Child-Pugh class A alcohol-related cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2023; 79:910-923. [PMID: 37302582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS In patients with compensated alcohol-related cirrhosis, reliable prognostic biomarkers are lacking. Keratin-18 and hepatocyte-derived large extracellular vesicle (lEV) concentrations reflect disease activity, but their ability to predict liver-related events is unknown. METHODS We measured plasma keratin-18 and hepatocyte lEV concentrations in 500 patients with Child-Pugh class A alcohol-related cirrhosis. The ability of these hepatocyte-derived biomarkers, alone or combined with model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) and FibroTest scores, to predict liver-related events at 2 years was analyzed, taking into account the alcohol consumption at inclusion and during follow-up. RESULTS Keratin-18 and hepatocyte lEV concentrations increased with alcohol consumption. In patients without active alcohol consumption at enrollment (n = 419), keratin-18 concentration predicted liver-related events at 2 years, independently of FibroTest and MELD. Patients with both keratin-18 concentrations >285 U/L and FibroTest >0.74 had a 24% cumulative incidence of liver-related events at 2 years, vs. 5% to 14% in other groups of patients. Similar results were obtained when combining keratin-18 concentrations >285 U/L with MELD >10. In patients with active alcohol consumption at enrollment (n = 81), hepatocyte lEVs predicted liver-related events at 2 years, independently of FibroTest and MELD. Patients with both hepatocyte lEV concentrations >50 U/L and FibroTest >0.74 had a 62% cumulative incidence of liver-related events at 2 years, vs. 8% to 13% in other groups of patients. Combining hepatocyte lEV concentrations >50 U/L with MELD >10 had a lower discriminative ability. Similar results were obtained when using decompensation of cirrhosis, defined according to Baveno VII criteria, as an endpoint. CONCLUSION In patients with Child-Pugh class A alcohol-related cirrhosis, combining hepatocyte-derived biomarkers with FibroTest or MELD scores identifies patients at high risk of liver-related events, and could be used for risk stratification and patient selection in clinical trials. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS In patients with compensated alcohol-related cirrhosis, reliable predictors of outcome are lacking. In patients with Child-Pugh class A alcohol-related cirrhosis, combining hepatocyte-derived biomarkers (keratin-18 and hepatocyte-large extracellular vesicles) with FibroTest or MELD scores identifies those at high risk of liver-related events at 2 years. The identified patients at high risk of liver-related events are the target-of-choice population for intensive surveillance (e.g., referral to tertiary care centers; intensive control of risk factors) and inclusion in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Elkrief
- Université Paris-Cité, Inserm, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation, UMR 1149, Paris, France; Service d'hépato-gastroentérologie, Hôpital Trousseau, CHRU de Tours and Faculté de médecine de Tours, France
| | - Nathalie Ganne-Carrié
- AP-HP, Service d'Hépatologie, Hôpital Avicenne, Bobigny, France; Sorbonne Paris Nord, UFR SMBH, Bobigny, France; INSERM UMR 1138, Centre des Cordeliers, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Hana Manceau
- Université Paris-Cité, Inserm, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation, UMR 1149, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Beaujon, Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Paris, France
| | - Marion Tanguy
- Université Paris-Cité, Inserm, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation, UMR 1149, Paris, France
| | - Shantha Ram Valainathan
- Université Paris-Cité, Inserm, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation, UMR 1149, Paris, France; AP-HP, Service d'Hépatologie, Hôpital Beaujon, DMU DIGEST, Centre de Référence des Maladies Vasculaires du Foie, FILFOIE, ERN RARE-LIVER, Clichy, France
| | | | - Louise Biquard
- Université Paris-Cité, Inserm, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation, UMR 1149, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Barget
- APHP, Centre de Ressources Biologiques (BB0033-00027) des Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Seine-Saint-Denis, Bobigny, France
| | - Cendrine Chaffaut
- Service de Biostatistique et Information Médicale, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP and Inserm, UMR-1153, ECSTRRA Team, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Louvet
- Service d'Hépato-gastroentérologie, Hôpital Huriez, CHRU de Lille, France
| | - Valérie Paradis
- Université Paris-Cité, Inserm, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation, UMR 1149, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Beaujon, Service d'anatomopathologie, DMU DIGEST, Clichy, France
| | - Marianne Ziol
- Sorbonne Paris Nord, UFR SMBH, Bobigny, France; AP-HP, Service d'anatomopathologie, Hôpital Avicenne, Bobigny, France
| | - Rikke Bæk
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Malene Møller Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Guillaume Van Niel
- Institute for Psychiatry and Neurosciences of Paris, Hopital Saint-Anne, Université de Paris, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1266, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Michael Coly
- Institute for Psychiatry and Neurosciences of Paris, Hopital Saint-Anne, Université de Paris, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1266, Paris, France
| | - Adel Hammoutène
- Université Paris-Cité, Inserm, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation, UMR 1149, Paris, France
| | - Fanny Dujardin
- Service d'anatomopathologie, Hôpital Trousseau, CHRU de Tours, France
| | - Katell Peoc'h
- INSERM UMR 1138, Centre des Cordeliers, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Poynard
- Biopredictive, Paris, France; Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Chevret
- Service de Biostatistique et Information Médicale, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP and Inserm, UMR-1153, ECSTRRA Team, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Rautou
- Université Paris-Cité, Inserm, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation, UMR 1149, Paris, France; AP-HP, Service d'Hépatologie, Hôpital Beaujon, DMU DIGEST, Centre de Référence des Maladies Vasculaires du Foie, FILFOIE, ERN RARE-LIVER, Clichy, France.
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Subramaiyam N. Insights of mitochondrial involvement in alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:2175-2190. [PMID: 37642259 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a global concern affecting most of the population and leading to the development of end-stage liver disease. Metabolic alterations due to increased alcohol consumption surge the hepatic accumulation of lipids and develop into a severe form of alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH), depending on age and the consumption rate. The mitochondria in the hepatocyte actively regulate metabolic homeostasis and are disrupted in ALD pathogenesis. The increased NADH upon ethanol metabolism inhibits the mitochondrial oxidation of fatty acids, alters oxidative phosphorylation, and favors de novo lipogenesis. The higher mitochondrial respiration in early ALD increases free radical generation, whereas mitochondrial respiration is uncoupled in chronic ALD, affecting the cellular energy status. The defective glutathione importer due to excessive cholesterol loading and low adenosine triphosphate accounts for additional oxidative stress leading to hepatocyte apoptosis. The defective mitochondrial transcription machinery and sirtuins function in ALD affect mitochondrial function and biogenesis. The metabolites of ethanol metabolism epigenetically alter the gene expression profile of hepatic cell populations by modulating the promoters and sirtuins, aiding hepatic fibrosis and inflammation. The defect in mitophagy increases the accumulation of megamitochondria in hepatocytes and attracts immune cells by releasing mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns to initiate hepatic inflammation and ASH progression. Thus, maintaining mitochondrial lipid homeostasis and antioxidant capacity pharmacologically could provide a better outcome for ALD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithyananthan Subramaiyam
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Hendrikx T, Lang S, Rajcic D, Wang Y, McArdle S, Kim K, Mikulski Z, Schnabl B. Hepatic pIgR-mediated secretion of IgA limits bacterial translocation and prevents ethanol-induced liver disease in mice. Gut 2023; 72:1959-1970. [PMID: 36690432 PMCID: PMC10841342 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-328265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alcohol-associated liver disease is accompanied by microbial dysbiosis, increased intestinal permeability and hepatic exposure to translocated microbial products that contribute to disease progression. A key strategy to generate immune protection against invading pathogens is the secretion of IgA in the gut. Intestinal IgA levels depend on the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR), which transports IgA across the epithelial barrier into the intestinal lumen and hepatic canaliculi. Here, we aimed to address the function of pIgR during ethanol-induced liver disease. DESIGN pIgR and IgA were assessed in livers from patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis and controls. Wild-type and pIgR-deficient (pIgR-/- ) littermates were subjected to the chronic-binge (NIAAA model) and Lieber-DeCarli feeding model for 8 weeks. Hepatic pIgR re-expression was established in pIgR-/- mice using adeno-associated virus serotype 8 (AAV8)-mediated pIgR expression in hepatocytes. RESULTS Livers of patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis demonstrated an increased colocalisation of pIgR and IgA within canaliculi and apical poles of hepatocytes. pIgR-deficient mice developed increased liver injury, steatosis and inflammation after ethanol feeding compared with wild-type littermates. Furthermore, mice lacking pIgR demonstrated increased plasma lipopolysaccharide levels and more hepatic bacteria, indicating elevated bacterial translocation. Treatment with non-absorbable antibiotics prevented ethanol-induced liver disease in pIgR-/- mice. Injection of AAV8 expressing pIgR into pIgR-/- mice prior to ethanol feeding increased intestinal IgA levels and ameliorated ethanol-induced steatohepatitis compared with pIgR-/- mice injected with control-AAV8 by reducing bacterial translocation. CONCLUSION Our results highlight that dysfunctional hepatic pIgR enhances alcohol-associated liver disease due to impaired antimicrobial defence by IgA in the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Hendrikx
- Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
| | - Sonja Lang
- University Hospital of Cologne, Clinic for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dragana Rajcic
- Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
| | - Yanhan Wang
- Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sara McArdle
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Kenneth Kim
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Bernd Schnabl
- Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA
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Aghara H, Chadha P, Zala D, Mandal P. Stress mechanism involved in the progression of alcoholic liver disease and the therapeutic efficacy of nanoparticles. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1205821. [PMID: 37841267 PMCID: PMC10570533 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1205821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) poses a significant threat to human health, with excessive alcohol intake disrupting the immunotolerant environment of the liver and initiating a cascade of pathological events. This progressive disease unfolds through fat deposition, proinflammatory cytokine upregulation, activation of hepatic stellate cells, and eventual development of end-stage liver disease, known as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). ALD is intricately intertwined with stress mechanisms such as oxidative stress mediated by reactive oxygen species, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and alcohol-induced gut dysbiosis, culminating in increased inflammation. While the initial stages of ALD can be reversible with diligent care and abstinence, further progression necessitates alternative treatment approaches. Herbal medicines have shown promise, albeit limited by their poor water solubility and subsequent lack of extensive exploration. Consequently, researchers have embarked on a quest to overcome these challenges by delving into the potential of nanoparticle-mediated therapy. Nanoparticle-based treatments are being explored for liver diseases that share similar mechanisms with alcoholic liver disease. It underscores the potential of these innovative approaches to counteract the complex pathogenesis of ALD, providing new avenues for therapeutic intervention. Nevertheless, further investigations are imperative to fully unravel the therapeutic potential and unlock the promise of nanoparticle-mediated therapy specifically tailored for ALD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Palash Mandal
- P D Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Anand, Gujarat, India
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Chen Y, Zhao Z, Guo S, Li Y, Yin H, Tian L, Cheng G, Li Y. Red Rice Seed Coat Targeting SPHK2 Ameliorated Alcoholic Liver Disease via Restored Intestinal Barrier and Improved Gut Microbiota in Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:4176. [PMID: 37836459 PMCID: PMC10574211 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), leading to the most common chronic liver diseases, is increasingly emerging as a global health problem, which is intensifying the need to develop novel treatments. Herein, our work aimed to estimate the therapeutic efficacy of red rice (Oryza sativa L.) seed coat on ALD and further uncover the underlying mechanisms. Red rice seed coat extract (RRA) was obtained with citric acid-ethanol and analyzed via a widely targeted components approach. The potential targets of RRA to ALD were predicted by bioinformatics analysis. Drunken behavior, histopathological examination, liver function, gut microbiota composition and intestinal barrier integrity were used to assess the effects of RRA (RRAH, 600 mg/kg·body weight; RRAL, 200 mg/kg·body weight) on ALD. Oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis associated factors and signaling pathways were measured by corresponding kits, Western blot and immunofluorescence staining. In ALD model mice, RRA treatment increased sphingosine kinase 2 (SPHK2) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) levels, improved gut microbiota composition, restored intestinal barrier, decreased lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in plasma and the liver, cut down Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathways, alleviated liver pathological injury and oxidative stress, attenuated inflammation and apoptosis and enhanced liver function. To sum up, RRA targeting SPHK2 can ameliorate ALD by repairing intestinal barrier damage and reducing liver LPS level via the TLR4/NF-κB pathway and intestinal microbiota, revealing that red rice seed coat holds potential as a functional food for the prevention and treatment of ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxu Chen
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zhiye Zhao
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Shancheng Guo
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yaxian Li
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Haiaolong Yin
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Guiguang Cheng
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Ye Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
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Zhang N, Xue F, Wu XN, Zhang W, Hou JJ, Xiang JX, Lv Y, Zhang XF. The global burden of alcoholic liver disease: a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2019. Alcohol Alcohol 2023; 58:485-496. [PMID: 37452498 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agad046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use is a major risk factor for the burden of mortality and morbidity. Alcoholic cirrhosis (AC) and alcoholic liver cancer (ALC) are most important and severe liver disease outcomes caused by alcohol use. The objectives of the current study were to investigate the global prevalence and burden of disease in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for AC and ALC, based on data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD). Incidence, prevalence, death, and DALYs for GBDs in different locations, years, sex, and age groups were estimated using DisMod-MR 2.1 and a generic Cause of Death Ensemble Modeling approach. The correlations between the age-standardized incidence rate or age-standardized death rate and gender, sociodemographic index (SDI), and alcohol usage were conducted by Generalized Linear Models. Globally, the changes of age-standardized rates of indicators were not much significant over the 30-year period. However, the changes varied widely across regions. Central Asia and East Europe contributed the highest age-standardized incidence, prevalence, death, and DALYs and increased sharply by past 30 years. Generalized Linear Models (GLMs) showed male gender as a risk factor of AC, with the relative risk of incidence of 1.521 and relative risk of death of 1.503. Globally, there were improvements in overall health with regard to GBDs over the 30 years. However, the prevention of AC and ALC should be promoted in middle and middle-high SDI regions, especially Central Asia and East Europe, whereas more medical resources should be provided to improve treatment levels in low SDI region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Feng Xue
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ning Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Jing-Jing Hou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Jun-Xi Xiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Yi Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Xu-Feng Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
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Åberg F, Färkkilä M, Salomaa V, Jula A, Männistö S, Perola M, Lundqvist A, Männistö V. Waist-hip ratio is superior to BMI in predicting liver-related outcomes and synergizes with harmful alcohol use. Commun Med (Lond) 2023; 3:119. [PMID: 37674006 PMCID: PMC10482890 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-023-00353-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with liver disease, but the best obesity-related predictor remains undefined. Controversy exists regarding possible synergism between obesity and alcohol use for liver-related outcomes (LRO). We assessed the predictive performance for LROs, and synergism with alcohol use, of abdominal obesity (waist-hip ratio, WHR), and compared it to overall obesity (body mass index, BMI). METHODS Forty-thousand nine-hundred twenty-two adults attending the Finnish health-examination surveys, FINRISK 1992-2012 and Health 2000 studies, were followed through linkage with electronic healthcare registries for LROs (hospitalizations, cancers, and deaths). Predictive performance of obesity measures (WHR, waist circumference [WC], and BMI) were assessed by Fine-Gray models and time-dependent area-under-the-curve (AUC). RESULTS There are 355 LROs during a median follow-up of 12.9 years (509047.8 person-years). WHR and WC emerge as more powerful predictors of LROs than BMI. WHR shows significantly better 10-year AUC values for LROs (0.714, 95% CI 0.685-0.743) than WC (0.648, 95% CI 0.617-0.679) or BMI (0.550, 95% CI 0.514-0.585) both overall and separately among men and women. WHR is predictive also in BMI strata. Absolute 10-year risks of LROs are more dependent on WHR than BMI. Moreover, WHR shows a significant supra-additive interaction effect with harmful alcohol use for liver-related outcomes (excess 10-year cumulative incidence of 2.8% from the interaction), which is not seen between BMI and harmful alcohol use. CONCLUSIONS WHR is a better predictor than BMI or WC for LROs, and WHR better reflects the synergism with harmful alcohol use. WHR should be included in clinical assessment when evaluating obesity-related risks for liver outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Åberg
- Transplantation and Liver Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Martti Färkkilä
- Abdominal Center, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Jula
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Satu Männistö
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus Perola
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Ville Männistö
- Departments of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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Wang X, Liu B, Liu Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Song Y, Xu J, Xue C. Antioxidants ameliorate oxidative stress in alcoholic liver injury by modulating lipid metabolism and phospholipid homeostasis. Lipids 2023; 58:229-240. [PMID: 37547958 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a significant risk factor in the global disease burden. The antioxidants vitamin C (Vc) and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) have shown hepatoprotective effects in preventing and treating ALD. However, the correlation between the improved effect of antioxidants and lipid metabolism is still unclear. In this study, AML12 cells and C57BL/6 mice stimulated with alcohol were used to investigate the protective effects and potential mechanisms of two antioxidants (Vc and NAC) on alcoholic liver injury. Results showed that Vc and NAC attenuated intracellular lipid accumulation and oxidative damage induced by excessive alcohol exposure in hepatic AML12 cells. The in vivo results indicated that antioxidants ameliorated alcohol-induced changes in histopathology, reducing the levels of alcohol metabolizing factors and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) contents, which demonstrated that antioxidants effectively mitigated liver injury in ALD mice. Further studies showed that antioxidants reversed the disruption of fatty acid (FA) synthesis and lipid transport induced by alcohol exposure, and restored phospholipid levels. Especially, Vc and NAC increased the endogenous antioxidant plasmenyl phosphatidylethanolamine (PlsEtn). Additionally, antioxidants ameliorated the alcohol-impaired mitochondrial function and inhibited excessive oxidative stress. In conclusion, antioxidants can regulate lipid metabolism and phospholipid homeostasis, which in turn inhibit oxidative stress and thereby exert protective effects against ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yuliu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhigao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yu Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jie Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
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Gao Y, Zhang P, Wei Y, Ye C, Mao D, Xia D, Luo Y. Porphyromonas gingivalis exacerbates alcoholic liver disease by altering gut microbiota composition and host immune response in mice. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50:1253-1263. [PMID: 37381658 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), a major periodontal pathogen, increases the risk of systemic diseases. P. gingivalis infection is closely associated with alcoholic liver disease (ALD), but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the role of P. gingivalis in the pathogenesis of ALD. MATERIALS AND METHODS An ALD mouse model was established using a Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet, and C57BL/6 mice were treated with P. gingivalis to detect the pathological indicators of ALD. RESULTS Oral administration of P. gingivalis exacerbated alcohol-induced alterations in the gut microbiota, leading to gut barrier dysfunction and inflammatory response and disruption of the T-helper 17 cell/T-regulatory cell ratio in the colon of ALD mice. Furthermore, P. gingivalis worsened liver inflammation in ALD mice by increasing the protein expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and p65, increasing the mRNA expression of interleukins-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and up-regulating the transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) and galectin-3 (Gal-3) production. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that P. gingivalis accelerates the pathogenesis of ALD via the oral-gut-liver axis, necessitating a new treatment strategy for patients with ALD complicated by periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Gao
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiming Wei
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chaolin Ye
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Daqing Mao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dasheng Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Luo
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Lin E, Patel A, Young E, Gao Y, Peng J, Woloszyn J, Volk ML, Rakoski MO. Outcomes and Resource Utilization in Liver Transplant Recipients Who Underwent Expedited Transplant Evaluation. Prog Transplant 2023; 33:223-228. [PMID: 37501560 DOI: 10.1177/15269248231189870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expedited liver transplant evaluations of critically ill patients can be challenging due to limited time for data gathering and psychosocial evaluation. AIMS To compare clinical outcomes between expedited and traditional transplant evaluation patients and assess for differences in outpatient resource utilization and staff burden between groups. DESIGN Adult liver transplant recipients who underwent transplant from 2015 to 2019 were included. Expedited evaluation was defined as time from initiating transplant evaluation to transplant listing <2 weeks. Primary outcomes included rates of graft rejection, graft failure, and death within 1-year posttransplant. Secondary outcomes included number of acute care visits, office visits, and medical record documentation made by transplant staff within 1-year posttransplant. Outcomes were compared using Cox regression models. RESULTS Of the 335 patients included, 92 (27.5%) were expedited and 243 (72.5%) were traditional. Expedited patients were significantly younger, had greater MELD scores, and required more inpatient care and life support at time of transplant. There was no significant difference in risk of graft rejection (HR 1.3, P = .4), graft failure (HR 1.3, P = .6), or mortality (HR 1.0, P = .9) between groups. Expedited transplant was not associated with increased healthcare or staff utilization: acute care visits (rate ratio 0.9, P = .7), office visits (β = -1.05, P = .2), and medical record documentation (β = 3.4, P = 0.4). CONCLUSIONS Despite being more critically ill, patients requiring expedited transplant evaluation have favorable outcomes after transplant and do not require more intensive staff time and resources compared to traditional candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Lin
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Anish Patel
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Ericka Young
- Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Yinglin Gao
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Jiahao Peng
- Center for Health Research, Loma Linda University School of Public Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Jakub Woloszyn
- Transplant Institute, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Michael L Volk
- Transplant Institute, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Mina O Rakoski
- Transplant Institute, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA
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Niemelä O, Bloigu A, Bloigu R, Nivukoski U, Kultti J, Pohjasniemi H. Patterns of IgA Autoantibody Generation, Inflammatory Responses and Extracellular Matrix Metabolism in Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13124. [PMID: 37685930 PMCID: PMC10487441 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent data have emphasized the role of inflammation and intestinal immunoglobulin A (IgA) responses in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). In order to further explore such associations, we compared IgA titers against antigens targeted to ethanol metabolites and tissue transglutaminase with pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators of inflammation, markers of liver status, transferrin protein desialylation and extracellular matrix metabolism in alcohol-dependent patients with or without liver disease and in healthy controls. Serum IgAs against protein adducts with acetaldehyde (HbAch-IgA), the first metabolite of ethanol, and tissue transglutaminase (tTG-IgA), desialylated transferrin (CDT), pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, markers of liver status (GT, ALP) and extracellular matrix metabolism (PIIINP, PINP, hyaluronic acid, ICTP and CTx) were measured in alcohol-dependent patients with (n = 83) or without (n = 105) liver disease and 88 healthy controls representing either moderate drinkers or abstainers. In ALD patients, both tTG-IgA and HbAch-IgA titers were significantly higher than those in the alcoholics without liver disease (p < 0.0005 for tTG-IgA, p = 0.006 for Hb-Ach-IgA) or in healthy controls (p < 0.0005 for both comparisons). The HbAch-IgA levels in the alcoholics without liver disease also exceeded those found in healthy controls (p = 0.0008). In ROC analyses, anti-tTG-antibodies showed an excellent discriminative value in differentiating between ALD patients and healthy controls (AUC = 0.95, p < 0.0005). Significant correlations emerged between tTG-IgAs and HbAch-IgAs (rs = 0.462, p < 0.0005), CDT (rs = 0.413, p < 0.0001), GT (rs = 0.487, p < 0.0001), alkaline phosphatase (rs = 0.466, p < 0.0001), serum markers of fibrogenesis: PIIINP (rs = 0.634, p < 0.0001), hyaluronic acid (rs = 0.575, p < 0.0001), ICTP (rs = 0.482, p < 0.0001), pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 (rs = 0.581, p < 0.0001), IL-8 (rs = 0.535, p < 0.0001) and TNF-α (rs = 0.591, p < 0.0001), whereas significant inverse correlations were observed with serum TGF-β (rs = -0.366, p < 0.0001) and CTx, a marker of collagen degradation (rs = -0.495, p < 0.0001). The data indicate that the induction of IgA immune responses toward ethanol metabolites and tissue transglutaminaseis a characteristic feature of patients with AUD and coincides with the activation of inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling and the generation of aberrantly glycosylated proteins. These processes appear to work in concert in the sequence of events leading from heavy drinking to ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onni Niemelä
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Research Unit, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, 60220 Seinäjoki, Finland; (U.N.); (J.K.); (H.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Aini Bloigu
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Risto Bloigu
- Infrastructure of Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Ulla Nivukoski
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Research Unit, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, 60220 Seinäjoki, Finland; (U.N.); (J.K.); (H.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Johanna Kultti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Research Unit, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, 60220 Seinäjoki, Finland; (U.N.); (J.K.); (H.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Heidi Pohjasniemi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Research Unit, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, 60220 Seinäjoki, Finland; (U.N.); (J.K.); (H.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
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Zhang D, Liu Z, Bai F. Roles of Gut Microbiota in Alcoholic Liver Disease. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:3735-3746. [PMID: 37641627 PMCID: PMC10460590 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s420195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD)-one of the most common liver diseases - involves a wide range of disorders, including asymptomatic hepatic steatosis, alcoholic hepatitis (AH), liver fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Alcohol consumption induces a weakened gut barrier and changes in the composition of the gut microbiota. The presence of CYP2E1 and its elevated levels in the gastrointestinal tract after alcohol exposure lead to elevated levels of ROS and acetaldehyde, inducing inflammation and oxidative damage in the gut. At the same time, the influx of harmful molecules such as the bacterial endotoxin LPS and peptidogly from gut dysbiosis can induce intestinal inflammation and oxidative damage, further compromising the intestinal mucosal barrier. In this process, various oxidative stress-mediated post-translational modifications (PTMs) play an important role in the integrity of the barrier, eg, the presence of acetaldehyde will result in the sustained phosphorylation of several paracellular proteins (occludin and zona occludens-1), which can lead to intestinal leakage. Eventually, persistent oxidative stress, LPS infiltration and hepatocyte damage through the enterohepatic circulation will lead to hepatic stellate cell activation and hepatic fibrosis. In addition, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, fecal microbial transplantation (FMT), bioengineered bacteria, gut-restricted FXR agonists and others are promising therapeutic approaches that can alter gut microbiota composition to improve ALD. In the future, there will be new challenges to study the interactions between the genetics of individuals with ALD and their gut microbiome, to provide personalized interventions targeting the gut-liver axis, and to develop better techniques to measure microbial communities and metabolites in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daya Zhang
- Graduate School, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
| | - ZhengJin Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feihu Bai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
- The Gastroenterology Clinical Medical Center of Hainan Province, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
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Li R, Xue W, Wei H, Fan Q, Li X, Qiu Y, Cui D. Research Progress of Pyroptosis in Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13065. [PMID: 37685870 PMCID: PMC10488074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty liver disease (FLD) is a clinical and pathological syndrome characterized by excessive fat deposition and even steatosis in hepatocytes. It has been proven that liver inflammation induced by fat and its derivatives are involved in the pathogenesis of FLD, while the precise mechanism still remains poorly understood. Pyroptosis is programmed inflammatory cell death driving cell swelling and membrane rupture. Pyroptosis is initiated by the activation of inflammasomes and caspases, which further cleaves and activates various gasdermins, leading to pores forming on the cell membrane and the release of pro-inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. Recent studies demonstrate that pyroptosis occurs in hepatocytes, and inhibiting pyroptosis could effectively reduce fat deposition in the liver and could ameliorate inflammation from FLD, attracting our prime focus on the role of pyroptosis in FLD. In this manuscript, we reviewed the current understanding of pyroptosis in FLD development, aiming to provide new insights and potential research targets for the clinical diagnosis and intervention of FLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxuan Li
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China; (R.L.); (W.X.); (H.W.); (Q.F.); (X.L.)
| | - Weiyue Xue
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China; (R.L.); (W.X.); (H.W.); (Q.F.); (X.L.)
| | - Huiting Wei
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China; (R.L.); (W.X.); (H.W.); (Q.F.); (X.L.)
| | - Qingqing Fan
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China; (R.L.); (W.X.); (H.W.); (Q.F.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China; (R.L.); (W.X.); (H.W.); (Q.F.); (X.L.)
| | - Ye Qiu
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China;
| | - Di Cui
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China; (R.L.); (W.X.); (H.W.); (Q.F.); (X.L.)
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Jegal KH, Park HR, Choi BR, Kim JK, Ku SK. Synergistic Protective Effect of Fermented Schizandrae Fructus Pomace and Hoveniae Semen cum Fructus Extracts Mixture in the Ethanol-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1602. [PMID: 37627597 PMCID: PMC10451898 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizandrae Fructus (SF), fruits of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. and Hoveniae Semen cum Fructus (HSCF), the dried peduncle of Hovenia dulcis Thunb., have long been used for alcohol detoxification in the traditional medicine of Korea and China. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the potential synergistic hepatoprotective effect of a combination mixture (MSH) comprising fermented SF pomace (fSFP) and HSCF hot water extracts at a 1:1 (w:w) ratio against ethanol-induced liver toxicity. Subacute ethanol-mediated hepatotoxicity was induced by the oral administration of ethanol (5 g/kg) in C57BL/6J mice once daily for 14 consecutive days. One hour after each ethanol administration, MSH (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) was also orally administered daily. MSH administration significantly reduced the serum activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase. Histological observation indicated that MSH administration synergistically and significantly decreased the fatty changed region of hepatic parenchyma and the formation of lipid droplet in hepatocytes. Moreover, MSH significantly attenuated the hepatic triglyceride accumulation through reducing lipogenesis genes expression and increasing fatty acid oxidation genes expression. In addition, MSH significantly inhibited protein nitrosylation and lipid peroxidation by lowering cytochrome P450 2E1 enzyme activity and restoring the glutathione level, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity in liver. Furthermore, MSH synergistically decreased the mRNA level of tumor necrosis factor-α in the hepatic tissue. These findings indicate that MSH has potential for preventing alcoholic liver disease through inhibiting hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hwan Jegal
- Department of Korean Medical Classics, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hye-Rim Park
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea;
- Nutracore Co., Ltd., Suwon 16514, Republic of Korea;
| | - Beom-Rak Choi
- Nutracore Co., Ltd., Suwon 16514, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jae-Kwang Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae-Kwang Ku
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea;
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Chen M, Zhong W, Xu W. Alcohol and the mechanisms of liver disease. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 38:1233-1240. [PMID: 37423758 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), which is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, covers a large spectrum of liver injuries ranging from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, advanced fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The pathogenesis of ALD includes genetic and epigenetic alterations, oxidative stress, acetaldehyde-mediated toxicity and cytokine and chemokine-induced inflammation, metabolic reprogramming, immune damage, and dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. This review discusses the progress in the pathogenesis and molecular mechanism of ALD, which could provide evidence for further research on the potential therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Chen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanglei Zhong
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqi Xu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Mischitelli M, Spagnoli A, Abbatecola A, Codazzo C, Giacomelli M, Parisse S, Mancina RM, Rotondo C, Attilia F, Ginanni Corradini S, Ferri F. New Diagnostic and Prognostic Models for the Development of Alcoholic Cirrhosis Based on Genetic Predisposition and Alcohol History. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2132. [PMID: 37626629 PMCID: PMC10452718 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cirrhosis development is a multifactorial process resulting from a combination of environmental and genetic factors. The aim of the study was to develop accurate non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic models for alcoholic cirrhosis. Consecutive subjects with at-risk alcohol intake were retrospectively enrolled (110 cirrhotic patients and 411 non-cirrhotics). At enrollment, the data about lifetime drinking history were collected and all patients were tested for Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) rs738409, Transmembrane 6 Superfamily 2 (TM6SF2) rs58542926, and hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 13 (HSD17B13) rs72613567 variants. In cross-sectional analyses, models for the diagnosis of cirrhosis were developed using multivariate logistic regression. A predictive score for cirrhosis development over 24 years was built by evaluating time-dependent AUC curves. The best diagnostic accuracy was demonstrated by the model, which also includes daily alcohol consumption, duration of hazardous alcohol use, and genetic variants, with AUCs of 0.951 (95% CI 0.925-0.977) and 0.887 (95% CI 0.925-0.977) for cirrhosis and compensated cirrhosis, respectively. The predictive model for future cirrhosis development (AUC of 0.836 95% CI: 0.769-0.904) accounted for age at onset of at-risk alcohol consumption and the number of PNPLA3 and HSD17B13 variant alleles. We have developed accurate genetic and alcohol consumption models for the diagnosis of alcoholic cirrhosis and the prediction of its future risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Mischitelli
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 37, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (A.A.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Alessandra Spagnoli
- Section of BioMedical Statistics, Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Aurelio Abbatecola
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 37, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (A.A.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Claudia Codazzo
- Department of Mental Health ASL RM1, UOSD CRARL, Sapienza University, 00186 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (C.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Marta Giacomelli
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 37, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (A.A.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Simona Parisse
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 37, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (A.A.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Rosellina Margherita Mancina
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Claudia Rotondo
- Department of Mental Health ASL RM1, UOSD CRARL, Sapienza University, 00186 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (C.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Fabio Attilia
- Department of Mental Health ASL RM1, UOSD CRARL, Sapienza University, 00186 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (C.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Stefano Ginanni Corradini
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 37, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (A.A.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Flaminia Ferri
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 37, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (A.A.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (F.F.)
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Santinelli-Pestana DV, Aikawa E, Singh SA, Aikawa M. PARPs and ADP-Ribosylation in Chronic Inflammation: A Focus on Macrophages. Pathogens 2023; 12:964. [PMID: 37513811 PMCID: PMC10386340 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12070964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant adenosine diphosphate-ribose (ADP)-ribosylation of proteins and nucleic acids is associated with multiple disease processes such as infections and chronic inflammatory diseases. The poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)/ADP-ribosyltransferase (ART) family members promote mono- or poly-ADP-ribosylation. Although evidence has linked PARPs/ARTs and macrophages in the context of chronic inflammation, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This review provides an overview of literature focusing on the roles of PARP1/ARTD1, PARP7/ARTD14, PARP9/ARTD9, and PARP14/ARTD8 in macrophages. PARPs/ARTs regulate changes in macrophages during chronic inflammatory processes not only via catalytic modifications but also via non-catalytic mechanisms. Untangling complex mechanisms, by which PARPs/ARTs modulate macrophage phenotype, and providing molecular bases for the development of new therapeutics require the development and implementation of innovative technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego V. Santinelli-Pestana
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (D.V.S.-P.); (E.A.); (S.A.S.)
| | - Elena Aikawa
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (D.V.S.-P.); (E.A.); (S.A.S.)
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sasha A. Singh
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (D.V.S.-P.); (E.A.); (S.A.S.)
| | - Masanori Aikawa
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (D.V.S.-P.); (E.A.); (S.A.S.)
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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50
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Salete-Granado D, Carbonell C, Puertas-Miranda D, Vega-Rodríguez VJ, García-Macia M, Herrero AB, Marcos M. Autophagy, Oxidative Stress, and Alcoholic Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Potential Clinical Applications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1425. [PMID: 37507963 PMCID: PMC10376811 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethanol consumption triggers oxidative stress by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) through its metabolites. This process leads to steatosis and liver inflammation, which are critical for the development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Autophagy is a regulated dynamic process that sequesters damaged and excess cytoplasmic organelles for lysosomal degradation and may counteract the harmful effects of ROS-induced oxidative stress. These effects include hepatotoxicity, mitochondrial damage, steatosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, and iron overload. In liver diseases, particularly ALD, macroautophagy has been implicated as a protective mechanism in hepatocytes, although it does not appear to play the same role in stellate cells. Beyond the liver, autophagy may also mitigate the harmful effects of alcohol on other organs, thereby providing an additional layer of protection against ALD. This protective potential is further supported by studies showing that drugs that interact with autophagy, such as rapamycin, can prevent ALD development in animal models. This systematic review presents a comprehensive analysis of the literature, focusing on the role of autophagy in oxidative stress regulation, its involvement in organ-organ crosstalk relevant to ALD, and the potential of autophagy-targeting therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Salete-Granado
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (D.S.-G.); (C.C.); (D.P.-M.); (V.-J.V.-R.); (M.G.-M.); (A.B.H.)
| | - Cristina Carbonell
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (D.S.-G.); (C.C.); (D.P.-M.); (V.-J.V.-R.); (M.G.-M.); (A.B.H.)
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - David Puertas-Miranda
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (D.S.-G.); (C.C.); (D.P.-M.); (V.-J.V.-R.); (M.G.-M.); (A.B.H.)
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Víctor-José Vega-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (D.S.-G.); (C.C.); (D.P.-M.); (V.-J.V.-R.); (M.G.-M.); (A.B.H.)
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marina García-Macia
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (D.S.-G.); (C.C.); (D.P.-M.); (V.-J.V.-R.); (M.G.-M.); (A.B.H.)
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ana Belén Herrero
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (D.S.-G.); (C.C.); (D.P.-M.); (V.-J.V.-R.); (M.G.-M.); (A.B.H.)
- Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Miguel Marcos
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (D.S.-G.); (C.C.); (D.P.-M.); (V.-J.V.-R.); (M.G.-M.); (A.B.H.)
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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