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Lefler DS, Manobianco SA, Bashir B. Immunotherapy resistance in solid tumors: mechanisms and potential solutions. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2315655. [PMID: 38389121 PMCID: PMC10896138 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2315655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
While the emergence of immunotherapies has fundamentally altered the management of solid tumors, cancers exploit many complex biological mechanisms that result in resistance to these agents. These encompass a broad range of cellular activities - from modification of traditional paradigms of immunity via antigen presentation and immunoregulation to metabolic modifications and manipulation of the tumor microenvironment. Intervening on these intricate processes may provide clinical benefit in patients with solid tumors by overcoming resistance to immunotherapies, which is why it has become an area of tremendous research interest with practice-changing implications. This review details the major ways cancers avoid both natural immunity and immunotherapies through primary (innate) and secondary (acquired) mechanisms of resistance, and it considers available and emerging therapeutic approaches to overcoming immunotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S. Lefler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Steven A. Manobianco
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Babar Bashir
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Alemasi A, Gu L, Zhou Y. Gut microbiota in the association between obesity and kidney function decline: a metagenomics-based study in a rat model. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2328320. [PMID: 38469667 PMCID: PMC10939107 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2328320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Obesity can induce dysbiosis in the gut microbiota and is considered a separate risk factor for kidney function decline. Nonetheless, the precise function of intestinal microorganisms in facilitating the connection between obesity and kidney function decline remains uncertain. Hence, the objective of this study was to investigate the alterations in the gut microbiota composition that take place during obesity and their correlations with renal function utilizing a rat model. METHODS For 20 weeks, 25 Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either a high-fat diet (HFD) or a normal-fat normal diet (ND). Physiological indices, peripheral plasma, kidney tissue, and colon contents were collected for comparison between groups. Metagenomic analysis of intestinal flora was performed. RESULTS The HFD group demonstrated significantly increased levels of creatinine and urea nitrogen in the peripheral blood. Additionally, the HFD rats exhibited a significantly larger glomerular diameter compared to the ND group, accompanied by the presence of glomerulosclerosis, tubular vacuolar transformation, and other pathological changes in certain glomeruli. Metagenomics analysis revealed a notable rise in the prevalence of the Firmicutes phylum within the HFD group, primarily comprising the Rumenococcus genus. Functional analysis indicated that the gut microbiota in the HFD group primarily correlated with infectious diseases, signal transduction, and signaling molecules and interactions. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that the consumption of a HFD induces modifications in the composition and functionality of the gut microbiome in rats, which may serve as a potential mechanism underlying the relationship between obesity and the progression of kidney function decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akehu Alemasi
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lijiang Gu
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yilun Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Kusma S, Maharjan A, Acharya M, Lee D, Kim S, Hwang C, Kim K, Kim H, Heo Y, Kim C. Oral subacute polypropylene microplastics administration effect on potential immunotoxicity in ICR mice. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2024; 87:371-380. [PMID: 38440899 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2024.2324473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to microplastics may be associated with damage of immune system. Polypropylene microplastics (PP-MPs) with a wide range of beneficial applications have not been extensively studied with respect to the immune system. The aim of this investigation is to examine the influence of two different sizes of PP-MPs (5.2 and 23.9 μm diameter) on immune system components in ICR mice. PP-MPs were administered orally to female and male mice at 0 (corn oil vehicle), 500, 1000, or 2000 mg/kg/d for single and daily for 4-week repeated toxicity test, respectively. No significant differences were observed in number of thymic CD4+, CD8+, CD4+CD8+ T lymphocytes, splenic helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells, and B cells. The ratio of interferon-γ to interleukin-4 in culture supernatants from activated splenocytes ex vivo (48 hr) was lower in females which were repeatedly administered with PP-MPs compared to vehicle irrespective of PP-MPs size and dose. In contrast, the opposite trend was observed in males. Production of tumor necrosis factor-α was upregulated in females that were repeatedly exposed to PP-MPs. The serum IgG2a/IgG1 ratio was lowered in female receiving large-size PP-MPs. Data suggest that immune disturbances resulting in predominant type-2 helper T cell reactivity may occur in mice, especially in females, when repeatedly exposed to PP-MPs. Further investigations with longer exposure periods are necessary to determine the immunotoxicities attributed to PP-MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarina Kusma
- Department of Toxicology, Daegu Catholic University Graduate School, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Anju Maharjan
- Department of Health and Safety, Daegu Catholic University Graduate School, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Manju Acharya
- Department of Health and Safety, Daegu Catholic University Graduate School, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - DaEun Lee
- Department of Health and Safety, Daegu Catholic University Graduate School, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - SoYeon Kim
- Department of Toxicity Assessment, Daegu Catholic University Graduate School of Medical Health and Science, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - ChaeWon Hwang
- Department of Toxicology, Daegu Catholic University Graduate School, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - KilSoo Kim
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - HyoungAh Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Heo
- Department of Toxicology, Daegu Catholic University Graduate School, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health and Safety, Daegu Catholic University Graduate School, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - ChangYul Kim
- Department of Toxicology, Daegu Catholic University Graduate School, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Toxicity Assessment, Daegu Catholic University Graduate School of Medical Health and Science, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
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Mora J, Modak S, Kinsey J, Ragsdale CE, Lazarus HM. GM-CSF, G-CSF or no cytokine therapy with anti-GD2 immunotherapy for high-risk neuroblastoma. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:1340-1364. [PMID: 38108214 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Colony-stimulating factors have been shown to improve anti-disialoganglioside 2 (anti-GD2) monoclonal antibody response in high-risk neuroblastoma by enhancing antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). A substantial amount of research has focused on recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as an adjuvant to anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies. There may be a disparity in care among patients as access to GM-CSF therapy and anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies is not uniform. Only select countries have approved these agents for use, and even with regulatory approvals, access to these agents can be complex and cost prohibitive. This comprehensive review summarizes clinical data regarding efficacy and safety of GM-CSF, recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) or no cytokine in combination with anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies (ie, dinutuximab, dinutuximab beta or naxitamab) for immunotherapy of patients with high-risk neuroblastoma. A substantial body of clinical data support the immunotherapy combination of anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies and GM-CSF. In contrast, clinical data supporting the use of G-CSF are limited. No formal comparison between GM-CSF, G-CSF and no cytokine has been identified. The treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma with anti-GD2 therapy plus GM-CSF is well established. Suboptimal efficacy outcomes with G-CSF raise concerns about its suitability as an alternative to GM-CSF as an adjuvant in immunotherapy for patients with high-risk neuroblastoma. While programs exist to facilitate obtaining GM-CSF and anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies in regions where they are not commercially available, continued work is needed to ensure equitable therapeutic options are available globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaume Mora
- Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Shakeel Modak
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joyce Kinsey
- Partner Therapeutics, Inc, Lexington, Massachusetts, USA
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Dmytrenko G, Fernández-Solari J, Correa F, De Laurentiis A. Oxytocin alleviates periodontitis in adult rats. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:280-288. [PMID: 38226427 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to evaluate the expression of oxytocin receptors in normal and inflamed gingiva, as well as the effects of systemic administration of oxytocin in bone loss and gum inflammatory mediators in a rat model of experimental periodontitis. BACKGROUND DATA Current evidence supports the hypothesis of a disbalance between the oral microbiota and the host's immune response in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Increased complexity of the microbial biofilm present in the periodontal pocket leads to local production of nitrogen and oxygen-reactive species, cytokines, chemokines, and other proinflammatory mediators which contribute to periodontal tissue destruction and bone loss. Oxytocin has been suggested to participate in the modulation of immune and inflammatory processes. We have previously shown that oxytocin, nitric oxide, and endocannabinoid system interact providing a mechanism of regulation for systemic inflammation. Here, we aimed at investigating not only the presence and levels of expression of oxytocin receptors on healthy and inflamed gingiva, but also the effects of oxytocin treatment on alveolar bone loss, and systemic and gum expression of inflammatory mediators involved in periodontal tissue damage using ligature-induced periodontitis. Therefore, anti-inflammatory strategies oriented at modulating the host's immune response could be valuable adjuvants to the main treatment of periodontal disease. METHODS We used an animal model of ligature-induced periodontitis involving the placement of a linen thread (Barbour flax 100% linen suture, No. 50; size 2/0) ligature around the neck of first lower molars of adult male rats. The ligature was left in place during the entire experiment (7 days) until euthanasia. Animals with periodontitis received daily treatment with oxytocin (OXT, 1000 μg/kg, sc.) or vehicle and/or atosiban (3 mg/kg, sc.), an antagonist of oxytocin receptors. The distance between the cement-enamel junction and the alveolar bone crest was measured in stained hemimandibles in the long axis of both buccal and lingual surfaces of both inferior first molars using a caliper. TNF-α levels in plasma were determined using specific rat enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). OXT receptors, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α expression were determined in gingival tissues by semiquantitative or real-time PCR. RESULTS We show that oxytocin receptors are expressed in normal and inflamed gingival tissues in male rats. We also show that the systemic administration of oxytocin prevents the experimental periodontitis-induced increased gum expression of oxytocin receptors, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β (p < .05). Furthermore, we observed a reduction in bone loss in rats treated with oxytocin in our model. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that oxytocin is a novel and potent modulator of the gingival inflammatory process together with bone loss preventing effects in an experimental model of ligature-induced periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganna Dmytrenko
- Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Fisiología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Javier Fernández-Solari
- Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Fisiología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando Correa
- Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos, CEFYBO-UBA-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Fisiología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea De Laurentiis
- Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos, CEFYBO-UBA-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Fisiología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Zhang Y, He Z. Inflammatory mediators in bacterial vaginosis: The role of cytokines. APMIS 2024; 132:245-255. [PMID: 38345182 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
BV is a significant concern in women's health with a varying prevalence rate in different cities of China. The condition has been linked to the acquisition of STIs, including HIV and HPV, and can lead to infertility, adverse obstetric outcomes. We conducted a comprehensive literature search in the PubMed. The search was performed from 01/01/2018 to 01/09/2023. The following search terms were used: bacterial vaginosis and cytokine. We also manually searched the reference lists of included studies and relevant reviews to identify additional articles. The presence of Gardnerella spp. can lead to changes in cytokine levels. The immune system of the female reproductive tract consists of various immune cells and molecules that play a vital role in defending against infections. Cytokines, signaling molecules involved in immune cell recruitment and activation, have been identified as potential biomarkers for diagnosing BV and predicting STIs. Current treatments for BV primarily involve antibiotics, but there is a high recurrence rate posttreatment. BV is a complex condition that affects a significant number of women worldwide. The role of cytokines in the onset, progression, and treatment of BV offers promising avenues for future research and potential diagnostic and therapeutic advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexin Zhang
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi He
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Martínez-López S, Ángel-Gomis E, Gómez-Hurtado I, Fernández-Iglesias A, Morante J, Gracia-Sancho J, Boix P, Cubero FJ, Zapater P, Caparrós E, Francés R. Cirrhosis-downregulated LSECtin can be retrieved by cytokines, shifts the TLR-induced LSECs secretome and correlates with the hepatic Th response. Liver Int 2024; 44:996-1010. [PMID: 38293766 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS We evaluated tolerogenic C-type lectin LSECtin loss in cirrhosis and its potential regulation by cytokines. METHODS Liver tissue from patients with cirrhosis and healthy controls, immortalised and generated LSECtin-CRISPR immortalised LSECs, and murine primary LSECs from the CCl4 model were handled. RESULTS LSECtin expression was reduced in liver tissue from cirrhotic patients, and it decreased from compensated to decompensated disease. Increased phosphorylation of MAPK, Akt and NFkB was observed upon LSECtin stimulation in LSEC murine cell line, showing a pattern of inflammatory and chemotactic cytokines either restrained (IL-10, CCL4) or unrestrained (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, CCL2). CD44 attenuated whereas LAG-3 increased all substrates phosphorylation in combination with TLR4 and TLR2 ligands except for NFkB. TNF-α, IL-1 β, IL-6 and CCL2 were restrained by LSECtin crosslinking on TLRs studied. Conversely, IL-10 and CCL4 were upregulated, suggesting a LSECtin-TLRs synergistic effect. Also, LSECtin was significantly induced after IL-13 stimulation or combined with anti-inflammatory cytokines in cirrhotic and immortalised LSECs. Th17 and regulatory T cells were progressively increased in the hepatic tissue from compensated to decompensated patients. A significant inverse correlation was present between gene expression levels of CLEC4G/LSECtin and RORγT and FOXP3 in liver tissues. CONCLUSION LSECtin restrains TLR proinflammatory secretome induced on LSECs by interfering immune response control, survival and MAPKs signalling pathways. The cytokine-dependent induction of LSECtin and the association between LSECtin loss and Th17 cell subset expansion in the liver, provides a solid background for exploring LSECtin retrieval as a mechanism to reprogram LSEC homeostatic function hampered during cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Martínez-López
- Hepatic and Intestinal Immunobiology Group, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- IIS ISABIAL, Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis, Alicante, Spain
| | - Enrique Ángel-Gomis
- Hepatic and Intestinal Immunobiology Group, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- IIS ISABIAL, Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis, Alicante, Spain
| | - Isabel Gómez-Hurtado
- Hepatic and Intestinal Immunobiology Group, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- IIS ISABIAL, Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis, Alicante, Spain
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anabel Fernández-Iglesias
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Liver Vascular Biology Research Group, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Morante
- Instituto de Neurociencias, CSIC-UMH, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Jordi Gracia-Sancho
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Liver Vascular Biology Research Group, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Boix
- Hepatic and Intestinal Immunobiology Group, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- IIS ISABIAL, Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis, Alicante, Spain
| | - Francisco J Cubero
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Zapater
- Hepatic and Intestinal Immunobiology Group, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- IIS ISABIAL, Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis, Alicante, Spain
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto IDIBE, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, Spain
| | - Esther Caparrós
- Hepatic and Intestinal Immunobiology Group, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- IIS ISABIAL, Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis, Alicante, Spain
| | - Rubén Francés
- Hepatic and Intestinal Immunobiology Group, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- IIS ISABIAL, Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis, Alicante, Spain
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto IDIBE, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, Spain
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Liu J, Meng H, Mao Y, Zhong L, Pan W, Chen Q. IL-36 Regulates Neutrophil Chemotaxis and Bone Loss at the Oral Barrier. J Dent Res 2024; 103:442-451. [PMID: 38414292 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231225413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue-specific mechanisms regulate neutrophil immunity at the oral barrier, which plays a key role in periodontitis. Although it has been proposed that fibroblasts emit a powerful neutrophil chemotactic signal, how this chemotactic signal is driven has not been clear. The objective of this study was to investigate the site-specific regulatory mechanisms by which fibroblasts drive powerful neutrophil chemotactic signals within the oral barrier, with particular emphasis on the role of the IL-36 family. The present study found that IL-36γ, agonist of IL-36R, could promote neutrophil chemotaxis via fibroblast. Single-cell RNA sequencing data disclosed that IL36G is primarily expressed in human and mouse gingival epithelial cells and mouse neutrophils. Notably, there was a substantial increase in IL-36γ levels during periodontitis. In vitro experiments demonstrated that IL-36γ specifically activates gingival fibroblasts, leading to chemotaxis of neutrophils. In vivo experiments revealed that IL-36Ra inhibited the infiltration of neutrophils and bone resorption, while IL-36γ promoted their progression in the ligature-induced periodontitis mouse model. In summary, these data elucidate the function of the site-enriched IL-36γ in regulating neutrophil immunity and bone resorption at the oral barrier. These findings provide new insights into the tissue-specific pathophysiology of periodontitis and offer a promising avenue for prevention and treatment through targeted intervention of the IL-36 family.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Liu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - H Meng
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Y Mao
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - L Zhong
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - W Pan
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Q Chen
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Syrjäläinen S, Männistö S, Könönen E, Pussinen P, Gürsoy M, Suominen AL, Jousilahti P, Gürsoy UK. Dietary inflammatory index in relation to salivary cytokine concentrations and periodontitis: A cross-sectional analysis. J Clin Periodontol 2024; 51:406-416. [PMID: 38158626 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
AIM To examine the associations of dietary inflammatory index (DII) with salivary cytokine concentrations and periodontitis after controlling for body mass index (BMI), socio-demographic factors and lifestyle. MATERIALS AND METHODS Subgroups from two Finnish surveys, DILGOM 2007 and Health 2000, were included (total n = 727). The DII scores were calculated based on a food frequency questionnaire. Periodontal status was assessed with a cumulative risk score in DILGOM 2007 and by pocket depth measurement in Health 2000. From saliva, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α concentrations were measured. RESULTS The DII scores did not differ between non-periodontitis and periodontitis participants in pairwise comparison. After adjusting for energy intake, periodontal status, BMI, age, education level, smoking habit and physical activity, DII was not associated with salivary cytokine concentrations. After adjusting for salivary cytokine levels and other confounding factors, DII was associated with periodontitis in the Health 2000 subgroup but not in the DILGOM 2007 subgroup. CONCLUSIONS The current data support the evidence that diet is not associated with salivary cytokine levels but may be associated with periodontitis. The association observed between diet and periodontitis is related to factors other than diet-dependent inflammatory tendency in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanna Syrjäläinen
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Satu Männistö
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eija Könönen
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Pirkko Pussinen
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mervi Gürsoy
- Oral Health Care, Welfare Division, City of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Anna Liisa Suominen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Oral and Maxillofacial Teaching Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pekka Jousilahti
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ulvi Kahraman Gürsoy
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Mansouri L, Kalm F, Björkander S, Melén E, Lundahl J, Nopp A. Sequential engagement of adhesion molecules and cytokine receptors impacts both piecemeal and anaphylactic degranulation of human basophils. Immunology 2024; 171:609-617. [PMID: 38226657 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Basophils are rare granulocytes in circulation which home to tissues in a process depending on rolling, adhesion and cytokine exposure. However, it is still unclear how these steps affect basophil degranulation. Our aim was to imitate these processes associated with homing by sequential crosslinking of adhesion molecules and cytokine exposure and evaluate the effect on basophil piecemeal (PMD) and anaphylactic degranulation (AND). Blood donors with or without allergic asthma were recruited from an ongoing cohort study. Basophils were subjected to CD62L-, CD49d- or CD11b crosslinking and IL-3 or IL-33 stimulation in different orders followed by anti-IgE and fMLP stimulation. Basophil CD203c and CD63 expression were analysed by flow cytometry to determine PMD and AND, respectively. IL-3 induced PMD in basophils and combined with CD62L- or CD11b crosslinking, IL-3 potentiated the degranulation regardless of sequential order. IL-3 priming followed by adhesion molecule crosslinking induced AND and potentiated the effect of anti-IgE. CD62L- and CD11b crosslinking did not further potentiate this effect. CD49d crosslinking followed by IL-3 increased CD63 expression following anti-IgE. IL-3 potentiated the effect of fMLP on AND while adhesion molecule crosslinking did not. IL-33 had impact on PMD only when followed by adhesion molecule crosslinking but did not potentiate neither IgE-dependent nor IgE-independent degranulation. Our data indicate that sequential interactions between basophils, cytokines and adhesion molecule ligands have a decisive effect on basophil degranulation and that these interactions are operational for fine-tuning the activity of tissue dwelling basophils. These data should be considered when the effect of different pharmaceutical on basophil function is studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladan Mansouri
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs´ Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Frida Kalm
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs´ Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sophia Björkander
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Melén
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs´ Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joachim Lundahl
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs´ Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Nopp
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs´ Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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11
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Kan LLY, Chan BCL, Yue GGL, Li P, Hon SSM, Huang D, Tsang MSM, Lau CBS, Leung PC, Wong CK. Immunoregulatory and Anti-cancer Activities of Combination Treatment of Novel Four-Herb Formula and Doxorubicin in 4T1-Breast Cancer Bearing Mice. Chin J Integr Med 2024; 30:311-321. [PMID: 37594703 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-023-3745-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the in vivo immunomodulatory and anti-tumor mechanisms of the combined treatment of novel Four-Herb formula (4HF) and doxorubicin in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). METHODS Murine-derived triple-negative mammary carcinoma cell line, 4T1 cells, was cultured and inoculated into mouse mammary glands. Sixty-six mice were randomly assigned into 6 groups (n=11 in ench): naïve, control, LD 4HF (low dose 4HF), HD 4HF (high dose 4HF), LD 4HF + D (low dose and doxorubicin), and D (doxorubicin). Apart from the naïve group, each mouse received subcutaneous inoculation with 5 × 105 4T1 cells resuspended in 100 µL of normal saline in the mammary fat pads. Starting from the day of tumor cell inoculation, tumors were grown for 6 days. The LD and HD groups received daily oral gavage of 658 and 2,630 mg/kg 4HF, respectively. The LD 4HF+D group received daily oral gavage of 658 mg/kg 4HF and weekly intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin (5 mg/kg). The D group received weekly intraperitoneal injections of doxorubicin (5 mg/kg). The treatment naïve mice received daily oral gavage of 0.2 mL double distilled water and 0.1 mL normal saline via intraperitoneal injection once a week. The control group received daily oral gavage of 0.2 mL double-distilled water. The treatment period was 30 days. At the end of treatment, mice organs were harvested to analyze immunological activities via immunophenotyping, gene and multiplex analysis, histological staining, and gut microbiota analysis. RESULTS Mice treated with the combination of 4HF and doxorubicin resulted in significantly reduced tumor and spleen burdens (P<0.05), altered the hypoxia and overall immune lymphocyte landscape, and manipulated gut microbiota to favor the anti-tumor immunological activities. Moreover, immunosuppressive genes, cytokines, and chemokines such as C-C motif chemokine 2 and interleukin-10 of tumors were significantly downregulated (P<0.05). 4HF-doxorubicin combination treatment demonstrated synergetic activities and was most effective in activating the anti-tumor immune response (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The above results provide evidence for evaluating the immune regulating mechanisms of 4HF in breast cancer and support its clinical significance in its potential as an adjunctive therapeutic agent or immune supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Ling-Yu Kan
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ben Chung-Lap Chan
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Grace Gar-Lee Yue
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Peiting Li
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sharon Sze-Man Hon
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Danqi Huang
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Miranda Sin-Man Tsang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, STEM College, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Clara Bik-San Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ping-Chung Leung
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun-Kwok Wong
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R & D Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong, China.
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12
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Abe K, Beer JC, Nguyen T, Ariyapala IS, Holmes TH, Feng W, Zhang B, Kuo D, Luo Y, Ma XJ, Maecker HT. Cross-Platform Comparison of Highly Sensitive Immunoassays for Inflammatory Markers in a COVID-19 Cohort. J Immunol 2024; 212:1244-1253. [PMID: 38334457 PMCID: PMC10948291 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
A variety of commercial platforms are available for the simultaneous detection of multiple cytokines and associated proteins, often employing Ab pairs to capture and detect target proteins. In this study, we comprehensively evaluated the performance of three distinct platforms: the fluorescent bead-based Luminex assay, the proximity extension-based Olink assay, and a novel proximity ligation assay platform known as Alamar NULISAseq. These assessments were conducted on human serum samples from the National Institutes of Health IMPACC study, with a focus on three essential performance metrics: detectability, correlation, and differential expression. Our results reveal several key findings. First, the Alamar platform demonstrated the highest overall detectability, followed by Olink and then Luminex. Second, the correlation of protein measurements between the Alamar and Olink platforms tended to be stronger than the correlation of either of these platforms with Luminex. Third, we observed that detectability differences across the platforms often translated to differences in differential expression findings, although high detectability did not guarantee the ability to identify meaningful biological differences. Our study provides valuable insights into the comparative performance of these assays, enhancing our understanding of their strengths and limitations when assessing complex biological samples, as exemplified by the sera from this COVID-19 cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Abe
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | | | - Tran Nguyen
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | | | - Tyson H. Holmes
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Wei Feng
- Alamar Biosciences, Inc., Fremont, CA 94538
| | | | - Dwight Kuo
- Alamar Biosciences, Inc., Fremont, CA 94538
| | - Yuling Luo
- Alamar Biosciences, Inc., Fremont, CA 94538
| | | | - Holden T. Maecker
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
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13
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Acar Eser N, Dikmetas O, Kocabeyoglu S, Tan C, Irkec M. Evaluation of Keratoconus Disease with Tear Cytokine and Chemokine Levels Before and After Corneal Cross-Linking Treatment. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2024; 32:269-275. [PMID: 36745704 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2023.2165950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare tear cytokine and chemokine levels of keratoconus (KC) patients with controls to perceive etiology distinctly and to clarify the molecular changes after cross-linking (CXL). METHODS Tear samples were gathered from 34 participants in this prospective study. Participants underwent anterior and posterior segment examinations with slit-lamp biomicroscopy. Patients were assessed by corneal topography before and 3 months after CXL. Flat (K1), steep (K2), and average keratometry (Kmean), cylinder (CYL), and central corneal thickness (CCT) values were evaluated. After 3 months from CXL, samples were re-collected, and comparisons were made with preoperative values. RESULTS Levels of IFN-gamma, IL-8, IL-12, IL-17, TNF-α, IL-4 and IL-13 were detected higher in KC patients (p= 0.008, p= 0.047, p= 0.001, p= 0.001, p= 0.001, p= 0.001, p= 0.027, respectively). After CXL IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, TNF-α levels showed significant decrease (p= 0.005, p= 0.045, p= 0.010, p= 0.022, p= 0.001, p=0.002, respectively). As for the topographic measurements, postoperative CCT values were increased whereas Kmean reduced after CXL (p < 0.001, p = 0.015, respectively). (p= 0.001, p= 0.027, respectively). CONCLUSION Our findings imply that inflammation plays a key role in the development of KC and that this link is influenced by CXL therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazan Acar Eser
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ulucanlar Eye Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Science, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Dikmetas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sibel Kocabeyoglu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cagman Tan
- Department of Pediatrics Immunology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Irkec
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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14
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Yang Q, Jia B, Shang J, Wang X, Xu L, Liu X, Fang M, Zeng F, Zeng HL, Gong Z. Effects of rosmarinic acid on immune response and intestinal microbiota in ovalbumin-induced intestinal allergy mice. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:3002-3012. [PMID: 38053408 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rosmarinic acid (RA) is an active polyphenol that is widely found in various edible herbs. This study explored the potential anti-allergic activities and the underlying mechanisms of RA in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced intestinal allergic mice. RESULTS Forty female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups: control group, model group (OVA sensitized/challenged), RA-Low group (OVA sensitized/challenged, 30 mg kg-1 RA intervention), RA-Middle group (OVA sensitized/challenged, 90 mg kg-1 RA intervention) and RA-High group (OVA sensitized/challenged, 270 mg kg-1 RA intervention). RA effectively attenuated allergic reactions, including alleviating allergic symptoms and regulating the hypothermia of mice in the model group. Moreover, the anaphylactic mediator (OVA-specific IgE, histamine and mMCP-1) levels of OVA allergic mice were markedly decreased after RA intervention. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that RA significantly inhibited Th2 cytokine expression, while Th1 and Treg cytokines were markedly increased. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that RA effectively regulated the richness and diversity of the intestinal microbiota in OVA allergic mice. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio were altered by RA intervention. At the genus level, RA was found to regulate the disturbances in the relative abundance of Muribaculaceae, Lactobacillus and Prevotella. CONCLUSION RA exhibited potential anti-allergic activity in OVA allergic mice by regulating hypersensitive immune responses and the intestinal microbiota structure. These results provide important evidence that RA can be developed into a novel functional food-derived ingredient against food allergy. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yang
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Food Safety Research Center, Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Binmei Jia
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Food Safety Research Center, Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Jieli Shang
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Food Safety Research Center, Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuanpei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Food Safety Research Center, Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Food Safety Research Center, Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Food Safety Research Center, Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Fang
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Food Safety Research Center, Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Fengbo Zeng
- Wuhan BioCSi Tech Laboratory Co. Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao-Long Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiyong Gong
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Food Safety Research Center, Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
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15
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Amirshahrokhi K, Imani M. Therapeutic Effect of Levetiracetam Against Thioacetamide-Induced Hepatic Encephalopathy Through Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Downregulation of NF-κB, NLRP3, iNOS/NO, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Apoptosis. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02007-4. [PMID: 38530519 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02007-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a serious brain disorder which associated with neurological and psychiatric manifestations. Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation and apoptosis play main roles in the development of brain damage in HE. Levetiracetam is an antiseizure drug with established antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In the present study we investigated the therapeutic effects of levetiracetam against brain injury in HE and its underlying mechanisms of action. Male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to the induction of HE by the injection of thioacetamide (200 mg/kg) for 2 days. Mice were treated with levetiracetam at two doses (50 or 100 mg/kg/day) for 3 days in the treatment groups. Animals were subjected to a behavioral test and the brain tissues were dissected for histopathological, biochemical, gene expression and immunofluorescence analysis. The results showed that levetiracetam alleviated body weight loss and improved locomotor activity of mice with HE. Levetiracetam treatment decreased the histopathological changes, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation while restored the antioxidants (GSH, SOD and CAT) in the brain. Levetiracetam decreased the expression and activity of NF-κB, NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-γ) in the brain tissue. Administration of levetiracetam inhibited iNOS/NO pathway and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the brain. Moreover, caspase-3 was decreased and the ratio of Bcl2/Bax was increased in the brain of mice treated with levetiracetam. These findings suggest that levetiracetam may be a promising therapeutic agent for brain injury in HE through inhibiting the oxidative, inflammatory and apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyvan Amirshahrokhi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box 5618953141, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Mahsa Imani
- School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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16
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Baril AA, Picard C, Labonté A, Sanchez E, Duclos C, Mohammediyan B, Breitner JCS, Villeneuve S, Poirier J. Longer sleep duration and neuroinflammation in at-risk elderly with a parental history of Alzheimer's disease. Sleep 2024:zsae081. [PMID: 38526098 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsae081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES While short sleep could promote neurodegeneration, long sleep may be a marker of ongoing neurodegeneration, potentially as a result of neuroinflammation. The objective was to evaluate sleep patterns with age of expected Alzheimer's disease (AD) onset and neuroinflammation. METHODS We tested 203 dementia-free participants (68.5±5.4y/o, 78M). The PREVENT-AD cohort includes older persons with a parental history of AD whose age was nearing their expected AD onset. We estimated expected years to AD onset by subtracting the participant's age from their parent's at AD dementia onset. We extracted actigraphy sleep variables of interest (times of sleep onset and morning awakening, time in bed, sleep efficiency, sleep duration) and general profiles (sleep fragmentation, phase delay, hypersomnia). CSF inflammatory biomarkers were assessed with OLINK multiplex technology. RESULTS Proximity to, or exceeding, expected age of onset was associated with a sleep profile suggestive of hypersomnia (longer sleep, later morning awakening time). This hypersomnia sleep profile was associated with higher CSF neuroinflammatory biomarkers (IL-6, MCP-1, global score). Interactions analyses revealed that some of these sleep-neuroinflammation associations were present mostly in those closer/exceeding the age of expected AD onset, APOE4 carriers, and those with better memory performance. CONCLUSIONS Proximity to, or exceeding, parental AD dementia onset was associated with a longer sleep pattern, which was related to elevated proinflammatory CSF biomarkers. We speculate that longer sleep may serve a compensatory purpose potentially triggered by neuroinflammation as individuals are approaching AD onset. Further studies should investigate whether neuroinflammatory-triggered long sleep duration could mitigate cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrée-Ann Baril
- Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, CIUSSS-NIM, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Cynthia Picard
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Anne Labonté
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Erlan Sanchez
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Catherine Duclos
- Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, CIUSSS-NIM, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Béry Mohammediyan
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - John C S Breitner
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sylvia Villeneuve
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Judes Poirier
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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17
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Mondal S, Saha S, Sur D. Immuno-metabolic reprogramming of T cell: a new frontier for pharmacotherapy of Rheumatoid arthritis. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38478467 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2024.2330636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a persistent autoimmune condition characterized by ongoing inflammation primarily affecting the synovial joint. This inflammation typically arises from an increase in immune cells such as neutrophils, macrophages, and T cells (TC). TC is recognized as a major player in RA pathogenesis. The involvement of HLA-DRB1 and PTPN-2 among RA patients confirms the TC involvement in RA. Metabolism of TC is maintained by various other factors like cytokines, mitochondrial proteins & other metabolites. Different TC subtypes utilize different metabolic pathways like glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid oxidation for their activation from naive TC (T0). Although all subsets of TC are not deleterious for synovium, some subsets of TC are involved in joint repair using their anti-inflammatory properties. Hence artificially reprogramming of TC subset by interfering with their metabolic status poised a hope in future to design new molecules against RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Mondal
- Division of Pharmacology, Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Panihati, Kolkata, India
| | - Sarthak Saha
- Division of Pharmacology, Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Panihati, Kolkata, India
| | - Debjeet Sur
- Division of Pharmacology, Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Panihati, Kolkata, India
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18
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Yang T, Xiang CG, Wang XH, Li QQ, Lei SY, Zhang KR, Ren J, Lu HM, Feng CL, Tang W. RIPK1 inhibitor ameliorates pulmonary injury by modulating the function of neutrophils and vascular endothelial cells. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:152. [PMID: 38521771 PMCID: PMC10960796 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01921-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is an acute and progressive hypoxic respiratory failure that could progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with a high mortality rate, thus immediate medical attention and supportive care are necessary. The pathophysiology of ALI is characterized by the disruption of the alveolar-capillary barrier and activation of neutrophils, leading to lung tissue damage. The receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) has emerged as a promising target for the treatment of multiple inflammatory diseases, but the role of RIPK1 in the ALI remains poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to figure out the pathological role of RIPK1 in ALI, especially in the pulmonary immune microenvironment involving neutrophils and endothelial cells. In vivo experiments showed that RIPK1 inhibitor protected against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury in mouse models, with reduced neutrophils and monocytes infiltration in the lungs. Further studies demonstrated that, besides the inhibitory action on necroptosis, RIPK1 inhibitor directly suppressed reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inflammatory cytokines secretion from neutrophils. Furthermore, RIPK1 inhibition maintains the barrier function in TNF-α-primed vascular endothelial cells and prevents their activation induced by the supernatant from LPS-stimulated neutrophils. Mechanistically, the aforementioned effects of RIPK1 inhibitor are associated with the NF-κB signaling pathway, which is partially independent of necroptosis inhibition. These results provide new evidence that RIPK1 inhibitor directly regulates the function of neutrophils and endothelial cells, as well as interferes with the interactions between these two cell types, therefore contributing to a better understanding of RIPK1 in ALI and providing a potential avenue for future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Cai-Gui Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiao-Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qing-Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Shu-Yue Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kai-Rong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Jing Ren
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Hui-Min Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chun-Lan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Ayala-García JC, Bahena-Román M, Díaz-Benítez CE, Bermúdez-Morales VH, Cruz M, Lagunas-Martínez A, Burguete-García AI. Association between Gut Microbiota and Inflammation: Mediation Analysis Using Waist Circumference. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2024. [PMID: 38516906 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2024.0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic low-grade inflammation (CLI) is implicated in the development of multiple metabolic diseases. The gut microbiota (GM) activates different signaling pathways and induces phenotypic changes, offering an exciting opportunity to treat CLI. We evaluated the mediation of waist circumference on the association of GM with serum cytokines. In this cross-sectional study of 331 children, we measured 5 gut bacterial species, namely, Lactobacillus (L.) casei, L. paracasei, L. reuteri, Staphylococcus (S.) aureus, and Akkermansia (A.) muciniphila, as well as anthropometry, serum cytokines, and other covariates. We evaluated adjusted regression models, path analysis, and structural equation modeling to obtain path coefficients (PCs) for direct, indirect (waist circumference-mediated), and total effects. We found that L. paracasei was directly associated with lower interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels (PC = -173.5 pg/mL). We also observed indirect associations between S. aureus with lower adiponectin levels (PC = -0.1 µg/mL and -0.09 µg/mL). Finally, A. muciniphila was indirectly associated with higher adiponectin levels (PC = 0.1 µg/mL). Our findings suggest the importance of considering the GM composition and waist circumference when evaluating inflammatory-related factors, providing a basis for future research to identify potential strategies to intervene in inflammatory processes and prevent metabolic diseases in childhood. [Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Ayala-García
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México
| | - Margarita Bahena-Román
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México
| | | | | | - Miguel Cruz
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alfredo Lagunas-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México
| | - Ana Isabel Burguete-García
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México
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Zhang Y, Zhu K, Wang X, Zhao Y, Shi J, Liu Z. Roles of IL-4, IL-13, and Their Receptors in Lung Cancer. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2024. [PMID: 38516928 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2024.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 are the main effectors of innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) of the type 2 innate immune response, which can carry out specific signal transmission between multiple cells in the tumor immune microenvironment. IL-4 and IL-13 mediate signal transduction and regulate cellular functions in a variety of solid tumors through their shared receptor chain, the transmembrane heterodimer interleukin-4 receptor alpha/interleukin-13 receptor alpha-1 (type II IL-4 receptor). IL-4, IL-13, and their receptors can induce the formation of a variety of malignant tumors and play an important role in their progression, growth, and tumor immunity. In order to explore possible targets for lung cancer prediction and treatment, this review summarizes the characteristics and signal transduction pathways of IL-4 and IL-13, and their respective receptors, and discusses in depth their possible role in the occurrence and development of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Kangle Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jingwei Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Zhengcheng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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21
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Yu G, Choi YK, Lee S. Inflammasome diversity: exploring novel frontiers in the innate immune response. Trends Immunol 2024:S1471-4906(24)00029-2. [PMID: 38519271 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Pathogens elicit complex mammalian immune responses by activating multiple sensors within inflammasomes, which recognize diverse pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). This simultaneous activation induces the formation of protein complexes referred to as multiple inflammasomes, that orchestrate a spectrum of programmed cell death pathways, including pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis. This concept is crucial for comprehending the complexity of the innate immune system's response to diverse pathogens and its implications for various diseases. Novel contributions here include emphasizing simultaneous sensor activation by pathogens, proposing the existence of multiple inflammasome complexes, and advocating for further exploration of their structural basis. Understanding these mechanisms may offer insights into disease pathogenesis, paving the way for potential therapeutic interventions targeting inflammasome-mediated immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeongju Yu
- Department of Biological Science, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ki Choi
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - SangJoon Lee
- Department of Biological Science, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Health Science and Technology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Dignass A, Esters P, Flauaus C. Upadacitinib in Crohn's disease. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2024. [PMID: 38512115 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2024.2333964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The small molecule and oral selective and reversible Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor upadacitinib has been approved for the treatment of moderate to severe active Crohn's disease (CD) in adult patients since April 2023 by EMA/FDA. AREAS COVERED The approval is based on the two induction studies a maintenance study showing that upadacitinib induction and maintenance therapy was superior to placebo. The approval of upadacitinib in CD expands the therapeutic armamentarium for the management of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Upadacitinib is the first and only JAK inhibitor approved in patients with CD and provides a novel mechanism of action and the first advanced oral treatment option for patients with CD. Upadacitinib is approved for the treatment of other immunologically mediated disorders, including ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis arthritis, axial spondylarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and atopic dermatitis. Treatment of atopic dermatitis has been approved from the age of 12 years. EXPERT OPINION Upadacitinib may cause relevant changes of our current treatment algorithms for Crohn's disease. Further real world studies and head-to-head comparisons are needed to position upadacitinib in our current treatment algorithms for CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Dignass
- Department of Medicine I, Agaplesion Markus Hospital, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Philip Esters
- Department of Medicine I, Agaplesion Markus Hospital, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Cathrin Flauaus
- AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, Medical Immunology, Wiesbaden, Germany
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23
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Calvo-Apalategi A, Nevado ML, Bravo-Gallego LY, González-Granado LI, Allende LM, Pena RR, López-Granados E, Reyburn HT. The lack of either IRF9, or STAT2, has surprisingly little effect on human natural killer cell development and function. Immunology 2024. [PMID: 38514903 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Analysis of genetically defined immunodeficient patients allows study of the effect of the absence of specific proteins on human immune function in real-world conditions. Here we have addressed the importance of type I interferon signalling for human NK cell development by studying the phenotype and function of circulating NK cells isolated from patients suffering primary immunodeficiency disease due to mutation of either the human interferon regulatory factor 9 (IRF9) or the signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 (STAT2) genes. IRF9, together with phosphorylated STAT1 and STAT2, form a heterotrimer called interferon stimulated gene factor 3 (ISGF3) which promotes the expression of hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes that mediate antiviral function triggered by exposure to type I interferons. IRF9- and STAT2-deficient patients are unable to respond efficiently to stimulation by type I interferons and so our experiments provide insights into the importance of type I interferon signalling and the consequences of its impairment on human NK cell biology. Surprisingly, the NK cells of these patients display essentially normal phenotype and function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta López Nevado
- Immunology Department, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital 12 Octubre Research Institute (Imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Luis Ignacio González-Granado
- Immunology Department, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Immunodeficiency Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis M Allende
- Immunology Department, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital 12 Octubre Research Institute (Imas12), Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Eduardo López-Granados
- Department of Immunology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Lymphocyte Pathophysiology Group, La Paz Institute of Biomedical Research, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hugh T Reyburn
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, CNB-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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24
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Vasilev G, Vasileva V, Ivanova M, Stanilova S, Manolova I, Miteva L. An Elevated IL10 mRNA Combined with Lower TNFA mRNA Level in Active Rheumatoid Arthritis Peripheral Blood. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:2644-2657. [PMID: 38534783 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46030167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes TNFA, IL6, IL12B, IL23, IL18 and immunoregulatory genes FOXP3, TGFB1, and IL10 in the peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) at messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) level. The total RNA was isolated from peripheral blood samples. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to perform TaqMan-based assays to quantify mRNAs from 8 target genes. IL23A was upregulated (1.7-fold), whereas IL6 (5-fold), FOXP3 (4-fold), and IL12B (2.56-fold) were downregulated in patients compared to controls. In addition, we found a strong positive correlation between the expression of FOXP3 and TNFA and a moderate correlation between FOXP3 and TGFB1. These data showed the imbalance of the T helper (Th) 1/Th17/ T regulatory (Treg) axis at a systemic level in RA. In cases with active disease, the IL10 gene expression was approximately 2-fold higher; in contrast, the expression of FOXP3 was significantly decreased (3.38-fold). The main part of patients with higher disease activity expressed upregulation of IL10 and downregulation of TNFA. Different disease activity cohorts could be separated based on IL10, TNFA and IL12B expression combinations. In conclusion, our results showed that active disease is associated with an elevated IL10 and lower TNFA mRNA level in peripheral blood cells of RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgi Vasilev
- Laboratory of Hematopathology and Immunology, National Specialized Hospital for Active Treatment of Hematological Diseases, Plovdivsko Pole Str. No. 6, 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Medical Faculty, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, 1 Kozyak Str., 1407 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Viktoria Vasileva
- Department of Molecular Biology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Armeiska Str. No. 11, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
- Clinical Laboratory, Trakia Hospital, Dunav Str. No. 1, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Mariana Ivanova
- Clinic of Rheumatology, University Hospital "St. Ivan Rilski", Urvich Str. No. 13, 1612 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Medical Faculty, Medical University-Sofia, Ivan Geshov Blvd. No. 15, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Spaska Stanilova
- Department of Molecular Biology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Armeiska Str. No. 11, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Irena Manolova
- Department of Molecular Biology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Armeiska Str. No. 11, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Lyuba Miteva
- Department of Molecular Biology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Armeiska Str. No. 11, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
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25
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Onen EA, Demirci EK. Development and preclinical evaluation of equine-derived hyperimmune serum against SARS-CoV-2 infection in K-18 hACE2 transgenic (Tg) mice. Pol J Vet Sci 2024; 27:61-74. [PMID: 38511603 DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2024.149336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop an equine-derived hyperimmune serum against SARS-CoV-2 and evaluate its efficacy as a potential immunotherapy tool for the treatment of known and potential variants of COVID-19 in preclinical trials. The novelty of this study is the whole virus and ALUM gel adjuvant formula. The horses were immunized using a whole inactivated SARS-CoV-2 antigen, and the final purified hyperimmune serum showed high plaque reduction neutralization (PRNT 50) neutralizing titers. The efficacy of the hyperimmune serum was evaluated histopathologically and biochemically in the lungs, hearts, and serum of K18 hACE2 transgenic mice (n=45), which is an accepted model organism for SARS-CoV-2 studies and was challenged with live SARS-CoV-2. Serum treatment improved the general condition, resulting in lower levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the blood plasma, as well as reduced viral RNA titers in the lungs and hearts. Additionally, it reduced oxidative stress significantly and lessened the severity of interstitial pneumonia in the lungs when compared to infected positive controls. The study concluded that equine-derived anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies could be used for COVID-19 prevention and treatment, especially in the early stages of the disease and in combination with antiviral drugs and vaccines. This treatment will benefit special patient populations such as immunocompromised individuals, as specific antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 can neutralize the virus before it enters host cells. The rapid and cost-effective production of the serum allows for its availability during the acute phase of the disease, making it a critical intervention in preventing the spread of the disease and saving lives in new variants where a vaccine is not yet developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Onen
- Kocak Pharmaceutical Company, Biotechnology and Vaccine R&D, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - E K Demirci
- Histology and Embryology Department, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine,Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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26
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Li C, Lanasa D, Park JH. Pathways and mechanisms of CD4 +CD8αα + intraepithelial T cell development. Trends Immunol 2024:S1471-4906(24)00031-0. [PMID: 38514370 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The mammalian small intestine epithelium harbors a peculiar population of CD4+CD8αα+ T cells that are derived from mature CD4+ T cells through reprogramming of lineage-specific transcription factors. CD4+CD8αα+ T cells occupy a unique niche in T cell biology because they exhibit mixed phenotypes and functional characteristics of both CD4+ helper and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells. The molecular pathways driving their generation are not fully mapped. However, recent studies demonstrate the unique role of the commensal gut microbiota as well as distinct cytokine and chemokine requirements in the differentiation and survival of these cells. We review the established and newly identified factors involved in the generation of CD4+CD8αα+ intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) and place them in the context of the molecular machinery that drives their phenotypic and functional differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Li
- Experimental Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dominic Lanasa
- Experimental Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jung-Hyun Park
- Experimental Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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27
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Prasad RR, Mishra N, Kant R, Fox JT, Shoemaker RH, Agarwal C, Raina K, Agarwal R. Effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (aspirin and naproxen) on inflammation-associated proteomic profiles in mouse plasma and prostate during TMPRSS2-ERG (fusion)-driven prostate carcinogenesis. Mol Carcinog 2024. [PMID: 38506376 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Recent preclinical studies have shown that the intake of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) aspirin and naproxen could be an effective intervention strategy against TMPRSS2-ERG fusion-driven prostate tumorigenesis. Herein, as a follow-up mechanistic study, employing TMPRSS2-ERG (fusion) positive tumors and plasma from TMPRSS2-ERG. Ptenflox/flox mice, we profiled the stage specific proteomic changes (focused on inflammatory circulating and prostate tissue/tumor-specific cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors/growth signaling-associated molecules) that contribute to prostate cancer (PCa) growth and progression in the TMPRSS2-ERG fusion-driven mouse model of tumorigenesis. In addition, the association of the protective effects of NSAIDs (aspirin 1400 ppm and naproxen 400 ppm) with the modulation of these specific molecular pathways was determined. A sandwich Elisa based membrane array-proteome profiler identifying 111 distinct signaling molecules was employed. Overall, the plasma and prostate tissue sample analyses identified 54 significant and differentially expressed cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors/growth signaling-associated molecules between PCa afflicted mice (TMPRSS2-ERG. Ptenflox/flox , age-matched noncancerous controls, NSAIDs-supplemented and no-drug controls). Bioinformatic analysis of the array outcomes indicated that the protective effect of NSAIDs was associated with reduced expression of (a) tumor promoting inflammatory molecules (M-CSF, IL-33, CCL22, CCL12, CX3CL1, CHI3L1, and CD93), (b) growth factors- growth signaling-associated molecules (Chemerin, FGF acidic, Flt-3 ligand, IGFBP-5, and PEDF), and (c) tumor microenvironment/stromal remodeling proteins MMP2 and MMP9. Overall, our findings corroborate the pathological findings that protective effects of NSAIDs in TMPSS2-ERG fusion-driven prostate tumorigenesis are associated with antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory effects and possible modulation of the immune cell enriched microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Raj Prasad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Neha Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Rama Kant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jennifer T Fox
- Chemopreventive Agent Development Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert H Shoemaker
- Chemopreventive Agent Development Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Chapla Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Komal Raina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA
| | - Rajesh Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Rocha VAD, Cruz-Machado SDS, Silva IA, Fernandes PACM, Markus RP, Bueno M. Identification of Inflammatory Mediators in Saliva Samples From Hospitalized Newborns: Potential Biomarkers? Clin Nurs Res 2024:10547738241238249. [PMID: 38506123 DOI: 10.1177/10547738241238249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Saliva measurements serve as a noninvasive tool for clinically monitoring newborns (NB) and children, a vulnerable population with promising potential for both research and clinical practice. Saliva acts as a repository for various inflammatory biomarkers involved in diverse biological functions. Particularly for children, it offers numerous advantages when compared to plasma and urine sampling. Nevertheless, there is a significant knowledge gap regarding detectable levels of cytokines in the saliva of newborns and children, as well as studies aiming to assess the relationship of this content with physiological and pathological processes. OBJECTIVES To characterize the levels of 11 inflammatory mediators (IFNg, IL1b, IL2, IL4, IL6, IL8, IL10, IL12, IL17, TNF, and VEGF) in saliva samples from NB on the first and second day of hospitalization in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). METHOD Exploratory study, descriptive, nested within a primary clinical, observational, and prospective study, conducted in the NICU of a public hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. Demographic data and vital signs were recorded in the clinical records of 90 NB, and five saliva samples from 5 NB were collected between the first and second day of life (D1-D2) at approximately 8-hr intervals (8-9 am, 4-5 pm, and 11-12 pm). Saliva samples were used for the measurement of 11 cytokines (IFNg, IL1b, IL2, IL4, IL6, IL8, IL10, IL12, IL17, TNF, and VEGF). RESULTS Five NBs participated in this exploratory study, and the vital signs showed variability from the first (D1) to the second day (D2) of hospitalization, variability similar to that of the total population of the primary study. The presence and levels of the 11 cytokines were detected in the saliva samples, as well as a statistical correlation between 10 cytokines (IFNg, IL1b, IL2, IL4, IL6, IL10, IL12, IL17, TNF, and VEGF) and vital signs. CONCLUSIONS The novelty of measuring inflammatory mediators in saliva samples from hospitalized NBs in the NICU is highlighted, providing support and new perspectives for the development of clinical and experimental research and an opportunity for developing and implementing new salivary biomarkers in different population segments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanderlei Amadeu da Rocha
- Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital Universitário, Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica e Neonatal, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Isília Aparecida Silva
- Escola de Enfermagem, Departamento de Enfermagem Materno-Infantil e Psiquiatrica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Regina Pekelmann Markus
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Laboratório de Cronofarmacologia, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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29
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Chaves-Filho A, Eyres C, Blöbaum L, Landwehr A, Tremblay MÈ. The emerging neuroimmune hypothesis of bipolar disorder: An updated overview of neuroimmune and microglial findings. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 38504593 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe and multifactorial disease, with onset usually in young adulthood, which follows a progressive course throughout life. Replicated epidemiological studies have suggested inflammatory mechanisms and neuroimmune risk factors as primary contributors to the onset and development of BD. While not all patients display overt markers of inflammation, significant evidence suggests that aberrant immune signaling contributes to all stages of the disease and seems to be mood phase dependent, likely explaining the heterogeneity of findings observed in this population. As the brain's immune cells, microglia orchestrate the brain's immune response and play a critical role in maintaining the brain's health across the lifespan. Microglia are also highly sensitive to environmental changes and respond to physiological and pathological events by adapting their functions, structure, and molecular expression. Recently, it has been highlighted that instead of a single population of cells, microglia comprise a heterogeneous community with specialized states adjusted according to the local molecular cues and intercellular interactions. Early evidence has highlighted the contribution of microglia to BD neuropathology, notably for severe outcomes, such as suicidality. However, the roles and diversity of microglial states in this disease are still largely undermined. This review brings an updated overview of current literature on the contribution of neuroimmune risk factors for the onset and progression of BD, the most prominent neuroimmune abnormalities (including biomarker, neuroimaging, ex vivo studies) and the most recent findings of microglial involvement in BD neuropathology. Combining these different shreds of evidence, we aim to propose a unifying hypothesis for BD pathophysiology centered on neuroimmune abnormalities and microglia. Also, we highlight the urgent need to apply novel multi-system biology approaches to characterize the diversity of microglial states and functions involved in this enigmatic disorder, which can open bright perspectives for novel biomarkers and therapeutic discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Chaves-Filho
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Women Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Brain Health Cluster at the Institute on Aging & Lifelong Health (IALH), Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Capri Eyres
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Leonie Blöbaum
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Antonia Landwehr
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Women Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Brain Health Cluster at the Institute on Aging & Lifelong Health (IALH), Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
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Payen S, Giroux MC, Gisch N, Schombel U, Fittipaldi N, Segura M, Gottschalk M. Lipoteichoic acids influence cell shape and bacterial division of Streptococcus suis serotype 2, but play a limited role in the pathogenesis of the infection. Vet Res 2024; 55:34. [PMID: 38504299 PMCID: PMC10953176 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-024-01287-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus suis serotype 2 is a major swine pathogen and a zoonotic agent, causing meningitis in both swine and humans, responsible for substantial economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. The pathogenesis of infection and the role of bacterial cell wall components in virulence have not been fully elucidated. Lipoproteins, peptidoglycan, as well as lipoteichoic acids (LTA) have all been proposed to contribute to virulence. In the present study, the role of the LTA in the pathogenesis of the infection was evaluated through the characterisation of a mutant of the S. suis serotype 2 strain P1/7 lacking the LtaS enzyme, which mediates the polymerization of the LTA poly-glycerolphosphate chain. The ltaS mutant was confirmed to completely lack LTA and displayed significant morphological defects. Although the bacterial growth of this mutant was not affected, further results showed that LTA is involved in maintaining S. suis bacterial fitness. However, its role in the pathogenesis of the infection appears limited. Indeed, LTA presence reduces self-agglutination, biofilm formation and even dendritic cell activation, which are important aspects of the pathogenesis of the infection caused by S. suis. In addition, it does not seem to play a critical role in virulence using a systemic mouse model of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Servane Payen
- Research Group On Infectious Diseases in Production Animals (GREMIP) and Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA), Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Marie-Christine Giroux
- Research Group On Infectious Diseases in Production Animals (GREMIP) and Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA), Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Nicolas Gisch
- Division of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Priority Area Infections, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
| | - Ursula Schombel
- Division of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Priority Area Infections, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
| | - Nahuel Fittipaldi
- Research Group On Infectious Diseases in Production Animals (GREMIP) and Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA), Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Mariela Segura
- Research Group On Infectious Diseases in Production Animals (GREMIP) and Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA), Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Marcelo Gottschalk
- Research Group On Infectious Diseases in Production Animals (GREMIP) and Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA), Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 2M2, Canada.
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Huang T, Liang X, Bao H, Ma G, Tang X, Luo H, Xiao X. Multi-omics analysis reveals the associations between altered gut microbiota, metabolites, and cytokines during pregnancy. mSystems 2024; 9:e0125223. [PMID: 38323818 PMCID: PMC10949498 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01252-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
For embryo implantation and fetal development, the maternal immune system undergoes dramatic changes. The mechanisms involved in inducing alterations of maternal immunity have not been fully clarified. Gut microbiome and metabolites were thought to influence the host immune response. During normal pregnancy, notable changes occur in the gut microbiota and metabolites. However, the relationship of these alterations to immune function during pregnancy remains unclear. In this study, we examined gut microbiota, fecal metabolites, plasma metabolites, and cytokines in pregnant women and non-pregnant women. Our findings revealed that, in comparison to non-pregnant women, pregnant women exhibit a significant increase in the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota and notable differences in metabolic pathways related to bile acid secretion. Furthermore, there was a marked reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines levels in pregnant women. Correlation analyses indicated that these alterations in cytokines may be linked to specific gut bacteria and metabolites. Bacteria within the same microbial modules exhibited consistent effects on cytokines, suggesting that gut bacteria may function as functional groups. Mediation analysis further identified that certain bacteria might influence cytokines through metabolites, such as bile acids and arachidonic acid. Our findings propose potential biological connections between bacteria, metabolites, and immunity, which require further validation in future studies.IMPORTANCEA great number of studies have focused on diseases induced by intestinal microecological disorders and immune imbalances. However, the understanding of how intestinal microbiota interacts with immunity during normal pregnancy, which is fundamental to studying pathological pregnancies related to intestinal microbiota disturbances, has not been well elucidated. Our study employed multi-omics analysis to discover that changes in gut microbiota and metabolites during pregnancy can impact immune function. In addition, we identified several metabolites that may mediate the effect of gut microbes on plasma cytokines. Our study offered new insights into our understanding of the connections between the gut microbiome, metabolome, and the immune system during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyuan Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People’s Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Han Bao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangyu Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huijuan Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Mensah DD, Morales-Lange B, Øverland M, Baruah K, Mydland LT. Differential expression of immune-related biomarkers in primary cultures from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) exposed to processed Paecilomyces variotii with or without inactivated Moritella viscosa. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2024; 148:109506. [PMID: 38508541 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Paecilomyces variotii (a filamentous fungus), is a promising novel protein source in fish feeds due to its high nutritional value. Also, P. variotii has Microbial-Associated Molecular Patterns (MAMPs) such as glucans and nucleic acids that could modulate the host's immune response. To understand the potential bioactive properties of this fungus in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), our study was conducted to evaluate the gene expression of immune-related biomarkers (e.g., cytokines, effector molecules and receptors) on primary cultures from salmon head kidney (HKLs) and spleen leukocytes (SLs) exposed to either UV inactivated or fractions from P. variotii with or without inactivated Moritella viscosa (a skin pathogen in salmonids). Moreover, the effect of the fermentation conditions and down-stream processing on the physical ultrastructure and cell wall glucan content of P. variotii was characterized. The results showed that drying had a significant effect on the cell wall ultrastructure of the fungi and the choice of fermentation has a significant effect on the quantity of β-glucans in P. variotii. Furthermore, stimulating Atlantic salmon HKLs and SLs with P. variotii and its fractions induced gene expression related to pro-inflammatory (tnfα, il1β) and antimicrobial response (cath2) in HKLs, while response in SLs was related to both pro-inflammatory and regulatory response (tnfα, il6 and il10). Similarly, the stimulation with inactivated M. viscosa alone led to an up-regulation of genes related to pro-inflammatory (tnfα, il1β, il6) antimicrobial response (cath2), intra-cellular signalling and recognition of M. viscosa (sclra, sclrb) and a suppression of regulatory response (il10) in both HKLs and SLs. Interestingly, the co-stimulation of cells with P. variotii and M. viscosa induced immune homeostasis (il6, tgfβ) and antimicrobial response (cath2) in SLs at 48h. Thus, P. variotii induces immune activation and cellular communication in Atlantic salmon HKLs and SLs and modulates M. viscosa induced pro-inflammatory responses in SLs. Taken together, the results from physical and chemical characterization of the fungi, along with the differential gene expression of key immune biomarkers, provides a theoretical basis for designing feeding trials and optimize diets with P. variotii as a functional novel feed ingredient for Atlantic salmon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Duncan Mensah
- Department of Animal and Aquaculture Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oluf Thesens Vei 6, 1433, Ås, Norway.
| | - Byron Morales-Lange
- Department of Animal and Aquaculture Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oluf Thesens Vei 6, 1433, Ås, Norway
| | - Margareth Øverland
- Department of Animal and Aquaculture Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oluf Thesens Vei 6, 1433, Ås, Norway
| | - Kartik Baruah
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Ulls Väg 26, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Liv Torunn Mydland
- Department of Animal and Aquaculture Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oluf Thesens Vei 6, 1433, Ås, Norway.
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Qiao S, Li H, Cui C, Zhang C, Wang A, Jiang W, Zhang S. CSF Findings in Chinese Patients with NMDAR, LGI1 and GABABR Antibody-Associated Encephalitis. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:1765-1776. [PMID: 38523682 PMCID: PMC10959177 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s383161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose CSF inflammation in subtypes of antibody-defined autoimmune encephalitis (AE) ranges in intensity from moderate to severe. In a retrospective, cross-sectional study, we characterized CSF findings in Chinese patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDAR-E), anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 encephalitis (LGI1-E), and anti-gamma aminobutyric acid-B receptor encephalitis (GABABR-E). Patients and Methods The AE cases, including 102 NMDAR-E, 68 LGI1-E and 15 GABABR-E, were included. CSF inflammatory parameters consisted primarily of CSF leukocytes, oligoclonal bands (OCBs), and CSF/serum albumin ratios (QAlb). Ten serum cytokines were evaluated in order to classify AE subtypes. Results 88% of NMDAR-E, 80% of GABABR-E, and 51% of LGI1-E patients had aberrant CSF features. In NMDAR-E, the CSF leukocyte count, CSF protein concentration, and age-adjusted QAlb were significantly higher than in LGI1-E, but did not differ from GABABR-E. Blood-CSF barrier dysfunction was less common in NMDAR-E patients with >40 years old. On admission, inflammatory CSF response was more prevalent in NMDAR-E patients with a higher CASE score. With age <60 years, CSF inflammatory changes were less frequent in LGI1-E patients, but more common in GABABR-E patients. MCP-1, IL-10, IL-1β, and IL-4 were potential classifiers for NMDAR-E, LGI1-E, and GABABR-E, and correlated substantially with CSF leukocyte count and QAlb. Conclusion Subtype-specific patterns are formed by the various inflammatory CSF parameters in NMDAR-E, LGI1-E, and GABABR-E, and their correlation with disease severity, age, and disease duration. CSF inflammatory characteristics associated with MCP-1, IL-10, IL-1β, and IL-4 may be potential immunopathogeneses targeting markers for these AE subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Qiao
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyun Li
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Caisan Cui
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aihua Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Jiang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanchao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
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Ustiuzhanina MO, Streltsova MA, Timofeev ND, Kryukov MA, Chudakov DM, Kovalenko EI. Autologous T-Cell-Free Antigen Presentation System Unveils hCMV-Specific NK Cell Response. Cells 2024; 13:530. [PMID: 38534374 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
NK cells play a decisive role in controlling hCMV infection by combining innate and adaptive-like immune reactions. The hCMV-derived VMAPRTLFL (LFL) peptide is a potent activator of NKG2C+ NK cells. Proposed here is an autologous system of LFL stimulation without T lymphocytes and exogenous cytokines that allows us to evaluate NK-cell hCMV-specific responses in more native settings. In this model, we evaluated LFL-induced IFNγ production, focusing on signaling pathways and the degranulation and proliferation of NK cells orchestrated by microenvironment cytokine production and analyzed the transcriptome of expanded NK cells. NK cells of individuals having high anti-hCMV-IgG levels, in contrast to NK cells of hCMV-seronegative and low-positive donors, displayed increased IFNγ production and degranulation and activation levels and enhanced proliferation upon LFL stimulation. Cytokine profiles of these LFL-stimulated cultures demonstrated a proinflammatory shift. LFL-induced NK-cell IFNγ production was dependent on the PI3K and Ras/Raf/Mek signaling pathways, independently of cytokines. In hCMV-seropositive individuals, this model allowed obtaining NK-cell antigen-specific populations proliferating in response to LFL. The transcriptomic profile of these expanded NK cells showed increased adaptive gene expression and metabolic activation. The results complement the existing knowledge about hCMV-specific NK-cell response. This model may be further exploited for the identification and characterization of antigen-specific NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria O Ustiuzhanina
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria A Streltsova
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikita D Timofeev
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim A Kryukov
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dmitriy M Chudakov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
- Abu Dhabi Stem Cells Center, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Elena I Kovalenko
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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Kingsley MK, Rao GK, Bhat BV. Effectiveness of Narciclasine in Suppressing the Inflammatory Response in Sepsis: Molecular Docking and In Silico Studies. Bioinform Biol Insights 2024; 18:11779322241233436. [PMID: 38495740 PMCID: PMC10943728 DOI: 10.1177/11779322241233436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Narciclasine is an alkaloid belonging to the Amaryllidaceae family which has been reported to have many beneficial properties. Especially its anticancer properties have been widely reported. Here, we have focused on its potential use in suppressing the inflammatory response in sepsis using in silico methods. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an endotoxin which is present in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria and is a crucial player in the pathogenesis of gram-negative sepsis. Activation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling by LPS is an important event in the pathogenesis of gram-negative sepsis. This initiates a downstream signaling pathway comprising of several adaptor proteins such as toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter protein (TIRAP), myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88 (MyD88), interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK)-1, IRAK-4, interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF-3), tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF-6) leading to nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κβ) activation resulting in elevated production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6. S100 calcium binding proteins A8/A9 (S100A8/A9) have been found to be an agonist of TLR4, and it amplifies the inflammatory response in sepsis. Molecular docking studies of narciclasine with target proteins associated with the LPS-TLR4 pathway showed that it has good binding affinity and stable interactions with the targets studied. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies over 100 ns showed that most of the ligand-target complexes were stable. The structures of all the targets except TRAF-6 were retrieved from the Protein Data Bank (PDB) database. Homology modeling was done to predict the 3-dimensional structure of TRAF-6. MD simulation of narciclasine-TRAF-6 complex showed that the structure is stable. Metapocket was used for active site prediction in the target proteins. Toxicity analysis by admetSAR revealed that narciclasine was readily biodegradable and exhibited minimum toxicity. These results indicate that narciclasine has effective anti-inflammatory properties which could be useful in suppressing the inflammatory response in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar Kingsley
- Department of Neonatology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Gurugubelli Krishna Rao
- Department of Neonatology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Ballambattu Vishnu Bhat
- Department of Neonatology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
- Aarupadai Veedu Medical College & Hospital, Vinayaka Mission Research Foundation-DU, Puducherry, India
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Frusone V, Maurer K, Emanuel BS, McDonald-McGinn D, Sullivan KE. Inflammatory Proteomic Analysis of 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome. J Clin Immunol 2024; 44:82. [PMID: 38488991 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-024-01689-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelly Maurer
- Division of Allergy Immunology, ARC 1216-I CHOP Immunology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Beverly S Emanuel
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Donna McDonald-McGinn
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Division of Human Biology and Medical Genetics, Sapienza University, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Kathleen E Sullivan
- Division of Allergy Immunology, ARC 1216-I CHOP Immunology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Clark JL, Oldenburg CE, Passaro RC, Segura ER, Godwin W, Fulcher JA, Cabello R. Changes in Inflammatory Cytokine Levels in Rectal Mucosa Associated With Neisseria gonorrheae and/or Chlamydia trachomatis Infection and Treatment Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Lima, Peru. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:845-854. [PMID: 37584273 PMCID: PMC10938210 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neisseria gonorrheae and Chlamydia trachomatis are associated with mucosal inflammation and human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) transmission. We assessed levels of inflammatory cytokines in men who have sex with men (MSM) with and without rectal gonorrhea and/or chlamydia in Lima, Peru. METHODS We screened 605 MSM reporting condomless receptive anal intercourse for rectal N. gonorrheae/C. trachomatis using nucleic acid testing. We identified 101 cases of gonorrhea and/or chlamydia and randomly selected 50 N. gonorrheae/C. trachomatis positive cases and matched 52 negative controls. We measured levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in rectal secretions. Tests for HIV-1, rectal N. gonorrheae/C. trachomatis, and mucosal cytokines were repeated after 3 and 6 months. Cytokine levels in cases and uninfected controls were compared using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests and linear regression. RESULTS MSM with gonorrhea/chlamydia had elevated levels of all cytokines in rectal mucosa compared with matched controls (all P values <.001). Following antibiotic treatment there were no significant differences in cytokine levels at 3- or 6-month follow-up evaluations (all P values >.05). DISCUSSION Rectal gonorrhea/chlamydia infection is associated with transient mucosal inflammation and cytokine recruitment. Our data provide proof of concept for rectal sexually transmitted infection screening as an HIV prevention strategy for MSM. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT03010020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse L Clark
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Catherine E Oldenburg
- Proctor Foundation for Research in Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ryan C Passaro
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles County Hospital, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Eddy R Segura
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - William Godwin
- San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jennifer A Fulcher
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Song HW, Benzaoui M, Dwivedi A, Underwood S, Shao L, Achar S, Posarac V, Remley VA, Prochazkova M, Cai Y, Jin P, Somerville RP, Stroncek DF, Altan-Bonnet G, Shah NN, Chien CD, Taylor N, Highfill SL. Manufacture of CD22 CAR T cells following positive versus negative selection results in distinct cytokine secretion profiles and γδ T cell output. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2024; 32:101171. [PMID: 38298420 PMCID: PMC10827561 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2023.101171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CART) have demonstrated curative potential for hematological malignancies, but the optimal manufacturing has not yet been determined and may differ across products. The first step, T cell selection, removes contaminating cell types that can potentially suppress T cell expansion and transduction. While positive selection of CD4/CD8 T cells after leukapheresis is often used in clinical trials, it may modulate signaling cascades downstream of these co-receptors; indeed, the addition of a CD4/CD8-positive selection step altered CD22 CART potency and toxicity in patients. While negative selection may avoid this drawback, it is virtually absent from good manufacturing practices. Here, we performed both CD4/CD8-positive and -negative clinical scale selections of mononuclear cell apheresis products and generated CD22 CARTs per our ongoing clinical trial (NCT02315612NCT02315612). While the selection process did not yield differences in CART expansion or transduction, positively selected CART exhibited a significantly higher in vitro interferon-γ and IL-2 secretion but a lower in vitro tumor killing rate. Notably, though, CD22 CART generated from both selection protocols efficiently eradicated leukemia in NSG mice, with negatively selected cells exhibiting a significant enrichment in γδ CD22 CART. Thus, our study demonstrates the importance of the initial T cell selection process in clinical CART manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah W. Song
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mehdi Benzaoui
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Alka Dwivedi
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sarah Underwood
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lipei Shao
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sooraj Achar
- Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Victoria A. Remley
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michaela Prochazkova
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yihua Cai
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ping Jin
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert P. Somerville
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David F. Stroncek
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Nirali N. Shah
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christopher D. Chien
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Naomi Taylor
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Steven L. Highfill
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Rainu SK, Singh N. Dual-Sensitive Fluorescent Nanoprobes for Simultaneously Monitoring In Situ Changes in pH and Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression in Stiffness-Tunable Three-Dimensional In Vitro Scaffolds. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:12175-12187. [PMID: 38420964 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
A tumor microenvironment often presents altered physicochemical characteristics of the extracellular matrix (ECM) including changes in matrix composition, stiffness, protein expression, pH, temperature, or the presence of certain stromal and immune cells. Of these, overexpression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and extracellular acidosis are the two major hallmarks of cancer that can be exploited for tumor detection. The change in matrix stiffness and the release of certain cytokines (TNF-α) in the tumor microenvironment play major roles in inducing MMP-9 expression in cancerous cells. This study highlights the role of mechanical cues in upregulating MMP-9 expression in cancerous cells using stiffness-tunable matrix compositions and dual-sensitive fluorescent nanoprobes. Ionically cross-linked 3D alginate/gelatin (AG) scaffolds with three stiffnesses were chosen to reflect the ECM stiffnesses corresponding to healthy and pathological tissues. Moreover, a dual-sensitive nanoprobe, an MMP-sensitive peptide conjugated to carbon nanoparticles with intrinsic pH fluorescence properties, was utilized for in situ monitoring of the two cancer hallmarks in the 3D scaffolds. This platform was further utilized for designing a 3D core-shell platform for spatially mapping tumor margins and for visualizing TNF-α-induced MMP-9 expression in cancerous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simran Kaur Rainu
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Neetu Singh
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
- Biomedical Engineering Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
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Merlo Pich LM, Ziogas A, Netea MG. Genetic and epigenetic dysregulation of innate immune mechanisms in autoinflammatory diseases. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 38468589 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Dysregulation and hyperactivation of innate immune responses can lead to the onset of systemic autoinflammatory diseases. Monogenic autoinflammatory diseases are caused by inborn genetic errors and based on molecular mechanisms at play, can be divided into inflammasomopathies, interferonopathies, relopathies, protein misfolding, and endogenous antagonist deficiencies. On the other hand, more common autoinflammatory diseases are multifactorial, with both genetic and non-genetic factors playing an important role. During the last decade, long-term memory characteristics of innate immune responses have been described (also called trained immunity) that in physiological conditions provide enhanced host protection from pathogenic re-infection. However, if dysregulated, induction of trained immunity can become maladaptive, perpetuating chronic inflammatory activation. Here, we describe the mechanisms of genetic and epigenetic dysregulation of the innate immune system and maladaptive trained immunity that leads to the onset and perpetuation of the most common and recently described systemic autoinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Merlo Pich
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Athanasios Ziogas
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department for Immunology and Metabolism, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Germany
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Lee M, Im SK, Baek S, Ji M, Kim M, Lee EJ, Ji ST, Ferrando-Martinez S, Wolfarth A, Lee JY, Kim D, Choi D. rhIL-7-hyFc and hIL-2/TCB2c combination promotes an immune-stimulatory tumor microenvironment that improves antitumor efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008001. [PMID: 38471713 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recombinant human interleukin (rhIL)-7-hyFc (efineptakin alfa; NT-I7) is a potent T-cell amplifier, with two IL-7 molecules fused to IgD/IgG4 elements. rhIL-7-hyFc promotes extensive infiltration of CD8+ T cells into the tumor, concurrently increasing the numbers of intratumoral PD-1+CD8+ T cells. The hIL-2/TCB2 complex (SLC-3010) inhibits tumor growth by preferential activation of CD122 (IL-2Rβ)high CD8+ T cells and natural killer cells, over regulatory T cells (Tregs). We investigated the underlying mechanisms of rhIL-7-hyFc and hIL-2/TCB2c antitumor activity and the potential synergistic efficacy, specifically focusing on tumor-specific CD8+ cells within the tumor and the tumor-draining lymph nodes (tdLN). METHODS MC38 and CT26 tumor-bearing mice were administered with 10 mg/kg rhIL-7-hyFc intramuscularly and 0.9 mg/kg hIL-2/TCB2c intravenously. Anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody was administered intraperitoneally three times at 3-day intervals at a dose of 5 mg/kg. Tumor volume was measured to assess efficacy. To compare the composition of immune cells between each monotherapy and the combination therapy, we analyzed tumors and tdLNs by flow cytometry. RESULTS Our data demonstrate that the combination of rhIL-7-hyFc and hIL-2/TCB2c increases efficacy and generates an immune-stimulatory tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME is characterized by an increased infiltration of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells, and a decreased frequency of CD39highTIM-3+ Treg cells. Most importantly, rhIL-7-hyFc increases infiltration of a CD62L+Ly108+ early progenitor population of exhausted CD8+ T cells (TPEX), which may retain long-term proliferation capacity and replenish functional effector CD8+ T cells. hIL-2/TCB2c induces differentiation of CD62L+Ly108+ TPEX rapidly into CD101+ terminally differentiated subsets (terminally exhausted T cell (TEX term)). Our study also demonstrates that rhIL-7-hyFc significantly enhances the proliferation rate of TPEX in the tdLNs, positively correlating with their abundance within the tumor. Moreover, rhIL-7-hyFc and hIL-2/TCB2c can overcome the limited therapeutic effectiveness of PD-1 blockade, culminating in the complete regression of tumors. CONCLUSIONS rhIL-7-hyFc can expand and maintain the progenitor pool of exhausted CD8+ T cells, whereas hIL-2/TCB2c promotes their differentiation into TEX term. Together, this induces an immune-stimulatory TME that improves the efficacy of checkpoint blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Lee
- Research Institute of NeoImmuneTech, Co., Ltd, Pohang, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Sun-Kyoung Im
- Research Institute of NeoImmuneTech, Co., Ltd, Pohang, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Seungtae Baek
- Research Institute of NeoImmuneTech, Co., Ltd, Pohang, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Mankyu Ji
- Research Institute of NeoImmuneTech, Co., Ltd, Pohang, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Miyoung Kim
- Research Institute of NeoImmuneTech, Co., Ltd, Pohang, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Eun Ju Lee
- Research Institute of NeoImmuneTech, Co., Ltd, Pohang, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Seung Taek Ji
- Research Institute of NeoImmuneTech, Co., Ltd, Pohang, Korea (the Republic of)
| | | | | | | | - Daeun Kim
- Selecxine, Pohang, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Donghoon Choi
- Research Institute of NeoImmuneTech, Co., Ltd, Pohang, Korea (the Republic of)
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Murguía-Vázquez M, Salgado-Bustamante M, Lima-Rogel V, Flores-García JA, Pierdant-Pérez M. Association Between Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Levels (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) in Human Colostrum and Maternal Body Composition Components. Breastfeed Med 2024. [PMID: 38469624 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2023.0263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Background: Obesity is characterized as a low-grade chronic inflammatory state, marked by elevated inflammatory biomarkers. Breast milk (BM) is rich in nutritional elements, vitamins, minerals, immunological factors, and bioactive components. These bioactive components, capable of influencing biological processes, may vary in concentration based on maternal body composition. Research Aim/Question(s): This study aimed to explore the association between pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (interleukin-1 beta [IL-1β], interleukin-6 [IL-6], and tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α]) in human colostrum and maternal body composition, as analyzed through bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA). Method: In this cross-sectional study, 117 healthy postpartum participants were included, with each group (normal weight, overweight, and obese) comprising 39 individuals, as classified by BIVA. Colostrum samples were collected within the first 24 hours postpartum. Results: IL-1β levels did not significantly differ across the groups, with concentrations of 69.5 ± 103 pg/mL in normal-weight, 79.7 ± 97.9 pg/mL in overweight, and 68.7 ± 108 pg/mL in obese women. IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the overweight group (55 ± 72.4 pg/mL) than in the normal-weight (48.1 ± 74.1 pg/mL) and obese groups (28.9 ± 36.2 pg/mL) (p = 0.02). Similarly, TNF-α levels were higher in the overweight group, with concentrations of 58.7 ± 74.9 pg/mL, than in the normal-weight group, with concentrations of 38.6 ± 95.4 pg/mL, and 52.6 ± 115 pg/mL in obese women (p = 0.02). Conclusion: This study shows that IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations were statistically higher in the colostrum of overweight women, suggesting that maternal body composition may influence the inflammatory profile of BM.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Murguía-Vázquez
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
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Setlhare B, Letsoalo M, Nkabinde SA, Nkabinde M, Mzobe G, Mtshali A, Parveen S, Ngcobo S, Invernizzi L, Maharaj V, Ngcobo M, Gqaleni N. An in vitro study to elucidate the effects of product Nkabinde on immune response in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy donors. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1308913. [PMID: 38533263 PMCID: PMC10963514 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1308913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: A significant number of the South African population still rely on traditional medicines (TM) as their primary healthcare due to their belief in their holistic healing and immune-boosting properties. However, little to no scientific data is available on the effects of most TM products on cytokine and cellular biomarkers of the immune response. Here, we evaluated the impact of traditional medicine [Product Nkabinde (PN)] in inducing cellular and cytokine biomarkers of inflammation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from eight healthy volunteers. Methods: PN was supplied by a local Traditional Health Practitioner (THP). The IC50 (half maximum concentration) of the standardized extract on isolated PBMCs was established using the cell viability assay over 24 h of incubation. Luminex and flow cytometry assays were used to measure cytokine and cellular levels in PBMCs stimulated with PN and/or PHA over 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. Results: The IC50 concentration of PN in treated PBMCs was established at 325.3 μg/mL. In the cellular activation assay, the percentages of CD38-HLA-DR + on total CD4+ T cells were significantly increased in PBMCs stimulated with PN compared to unstimulated controls after 24 h (p = 0.008). PN significantly induced the production of anti-inflammatory IL-10 (p = 0.041); proinflammatory cytokines IL-1α (p = 0.003), TNF-α (p < 0.0001); and chemokine MIP-1β (p = 0.046) compared to the unstimulated control after 24 h. At 48 h incubation, the production of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1α (p = 0.034) and TNF-α (p = 0.011) were significantly induced following treatment with PN. Conclusion: We conclude that the PN possesses in vitro immunomodulatory properties that may influence immune and inflammatory responses. More studies using PN are needed to further understand key parameters mediating induction, expression, and regulation of the immune response in the context of pathogen-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boitumelo Setlhare
- Discipline of Traditional Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Marothi Letsoalo
- Centre for Aids Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Siphathimandla Authority Nkabinde
- Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Africa Health Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Magugu Nkabinde
- Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Africa Health Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Gugulethu Mzobe
- Discipline of Traditional Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Centre for Aids Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Andile Mtshali
- Discipline of Traditional Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Centre for Aids Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sobia Parveen
- Discipline of Traditional Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Centre for Aids Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Samukelisiwe Ngcobo
- Discipline of Traditional Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Centre for Aids Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Luke Invernizzi
- Discipline of Traditional Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Vinesh Maharaj
- Discipline of Traditional Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Mlungisi Ngcobo
- Discipline of Traditional Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Nceba Gqaleni
- Discipline of Traditional Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Africa Health Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Tong X, Zhan T, Dong X, Xu D. Fever of unknown origin associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1364128. [PMID: 38533499 PMCID: PMC10963505 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1364128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the approval for the treatment of melanoma in 2014, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the therapy pattern across various malignancies. Coinciding with their frequent usage, their adverse effects, including fever, cannot be neglected. In the context of cancer diseases and cancer treatments, fever of unknown origin (FUO), which has long posed a challenge for clinicians in terms of diagnosis and management, brings forth new connotation and significance. In this paper review, we present the concept of ICIs-associated FUO, consider activated immune system and elevated cytokines as common mechanisms by which ICIs induce fever and various immune-related adverse events (irAEs), summarize and compare the primary etiologies of ICI-associated FUO, and compare it with conventional types of FUO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Tong
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tao Zhan
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoqin Dong
- Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dong Xu
- Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Taraschenko O, Fox HS, Eldridge E, Heliso P, Al-Saleem F, Dessain S, Casale G, Willcockson G, Anderson K, Wang W, Dingledine R. MyD88-mediated signaling is critical for the generation of seizure responses and cognitive impairment in a model of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis. Epilepsia 2024. [PMID: 38470097 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We previously demonstrated that interleukin-1 receptor-mediated immune activation contributes to seizure severity and memory loss in anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. In the present study, we assessed the role of the myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88), an adaptor protein in Toll-like receptor signaling, in the key phenotypic characteristics of anti-NMDAR encephalitis. METHODS Monoclonal anti-NMDAR antibodies or control antibodies were infused into the lateral ventricle of MyD88 knockout mice (MyD88-/- ) and control C56BL/6J mice (wild type [WT]) via osmotic minipumps for 2 weeks. Seizure responses were measured by electroencephalography. Upon completion of the infusion, the motor, anxiety, and memory functions of the mice were assessed. Astrocytic (glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP]) and microglial (ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 [Iba-1]) activation and transcriptional activation for the principal inflammatory mediators involved in seizures were determined using immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively. RESULTS As shown before, 80% of WT mice infused with anti-NMDAR antibodies (n = 10) developed seizures (median = 11, interquartile range [IQR] = 3-25 in 2 weeks). In contrast, only three of 14 MyD88-/- mice (21.4%) had seizures (0, IQR = 0-.25, p = .01). The WT mice treated with antibodies also developed memory loss in the novel object recognition test, whereas such memory deficits were not apparent in MyD88-/- mice treated with anti-NMDAR antibodies (p = .03) or control antibodies (p = .04). Furthermore, in contrast to the WT mice exposed to anti-NMDAR antibodies, the MyD88-/- mice had a significantly lower induction of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) in the hippocampus (p = .0001, Sidak tests). There were no significant changes in the expression of GFAP and Iba-1 in the MyD88-/- mice treated with anti-NMDAR or control antibodies. SIGNIFICANCE These findings suggest that MyD88-mediated signaling contributes to the seizure and memory phenotype in anti-NMDAR encephalitis and that CCL2 activation may participate in the expression of these features. The removal of MyD88 inflammation may be protective and therapeutically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Taraschenko
- Division of Epilepsy, Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Howard S Fox
- Division of Epilepsy, Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Ember Eldridge
- Division of Epilepsy, Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Priscilla Heliso
- Division of Epilepsy, Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Fetweh Al-Saleem
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Scott Dessain
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - George Casale
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | | | - Kayley Anderson
- Division of Epilepsy, Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Wenyi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Raymond Dingledine
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Gonçalves-Nobre JG, Matos A, Carreira M, Santos AC, Veiga LC, Ginete C, Brito M, Pires M, Pereira H, Cardoso C, Bicho M, Bicho MC. The interplay between HPV, other Sexually Transmissible Infections and genital microbiome on cervical microenvironment (MicroCervixHPV study). Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 13:1251913. [PMID: 38532749 PMCID: PMC10963500 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1251913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The importance of Cervicovaginal Microbiota in protecting against infections (such as HPV) is already well established, namely through Lactobacillus spp., as well as the mechanism through which HPV leads to Cervical Neoplasia. However, it is not possible to classify HPV as a complete carcinogen. Thus, the importance of exploring Cervicovaginal dysbiosis with the intention of deciphering this interaction with HPV, takes on greater relevance. The main objectives of this study were: 1) Comparison of the MCV composition of women with or without HPV and women with ASCUS or LSIL; 2) Characterization of cytokines present in the vaginal microenvironment; 3) Evaluation of the blood count ratios as prognostic systemic inflammatory biomarkers; 4) Correlation between MCV, HPV serotypes and cytokines. Methods This was a retrospective, observational, multicenter, cross-sectional study. CVM analysis was performed by isolation RNA and sequencing on a NGS platform. Cytokine concentrations of CVM were obtained through Multiplex platform. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS v 26.0. An α of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Highlighting the core of the study, CVM types of CST I and CST IV were found to influence the emergence of cervical lesions. Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio was found to impact the prognosis of ASCUS. Within CVM, Lactobacillus prevent the growth of other CST IV species, while the latter express symbiotic relationships with each other and show affinity for specific HPV serotypes. At last, RANTES chemokine is significantly elevated in cervicovaginal infections. Conclusion The importance of using vaginal cytokine profiles and CVM is highlighted in the hypothesis of prevention of Cervical Neoplasia development, as well as in its use as a prognostic biomarker. Taken together, these insights are one step closer to personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Guilherme Gonçalves-Nobre
- Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Institute of Preventive Medicine and Public Health (IMPSP), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- PTSurg – Portuguese Surgical Research Collaborative, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação Científica Bento da Rocha Cabral, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Andreia Matos
- Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Institute of Preventive Medicine and Public Health (IMPSP), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação Científica Bento da Rocha Cabral, Lisboa, Portugal
- Tumour & Microenvironment Interactions Group i3S- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS – Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade de Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Carreira
- Amedes MVZ Müenchen GmbH fier Gynaekologie und Pathologie, Munich, Germany
| | - Ana Carolina Santos
- Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Institute of Preventive Medicine and Public Health (IMPSP), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação Científica Bento da Rocha Cabral, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luisa Carvalho Veiga
- Health and Technology Research Center, Escola superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina Ginete
- Health and Technology Research Center, Escola superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Miguel Brito
- Health and Technology Research Center, Escola superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marina Pires
- Joaquim Chaves Saúde, Laboratório de Análises Clínicas, Carnaxide, Portugal
| | - Hermínia Pereira
- Joaquim Chaves Saúde, Laboratório de Análises Clínicas, Carnaxide, Portugal
| | - Carlos Cardoso
- Joaquim Chaves Saúde, Laboratório de Análises Clínicas, Carnaxide, Portugal
| | - Manuel Bicho
- Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Institute of Preventive Medicine and Public Health (IMPSP), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação Científica Bento da Rocha Cabral, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria Clara Bicho
- Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Institute of Preventive Medicine and Public Health (IMPSP), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação Científica Bento da Rocha Cabral, Lisboa, Portugal
- Joaquim Chaves Saúde, Laboratório de Análises Clínicas, Carnaxide, Portugal
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Liu Y, Tang S, Feng Y, Xue B, Cheng C, Su Y, Wei W, Zhang L, Huang Z, Shi X, Fang Y, Yang J, Zhang Y, Deng X, Wang L, Ren H, Wang C, Yuan H. Alteration in gut microbiota is associated with immune imbalance in Graves' disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1349397. [PMID: 38533382 PMCID: PMC10963416 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1349397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Graves' disease (GD), characterized by immune aberration, is associated with gut dysbiosis. Despite the growing interest, substantial evidence detailing the precise impact of gut microbiota on GD's autoimmune processes remains exceedingly rare. Objective This study was designed to investigate the influence of gut microbiota on immune dysregulation in GD. Methods It encompassed 52 GD patients and 45 healthy controls (HCs), employing flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to examine lymphocyte and cytokine profiles, alongside lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels. Gut microbiota profiles and metabolic features were assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and targeted metabolomics. Results Our observations revealed a disturbed B-cell distribution and elevated LPS and pro-inflammatory cytokines in GD patients compared to HCs. Significant differences in gut microbiota composition and a marked deficit in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria, including ASV263(Bacteroides), ASV1451(Dialister), and ASV503(Coprococcus), were observed in GD patients. These specific bacteria and SCFAs showed correlations with thyroid autoantibodies, B-cell subsets, and cytokine levels. In vitro studies further showed that LPS notably caused B-cell subsets imbalance, reducing conventional memory B cells while increasing naïve B cells. Additionally, acetate combined with propionate and butyrate showcased immunoregulatory functions, diminishing cytokine production in LPS-stimulated cells. Conclusion Overall, our results highlight the role of gut dysbiosis in contributing to immune dysregulation in GD by affecting lymphocyte status and cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shasha Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Binghua Xue
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chaofei Cheng
- Stem Cell Research Center, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yong Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhoufeng Huang
- Institution of Hematology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoyang Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Junpeng Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinru Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Limin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hongyan Ren
- Shanghai Mobio Biomedical Technology Corporation Limited, Shanghai, China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huijuan Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Neudorf H, Islam H, Falkenhain K, Oliveira B, Jackson GS, Moreno-Cabañas A, Madden K, Singer J, Walsh JJ, Little JP. Effect of the ketone beta-hydroxybutyrate on markers of inflammation and immune function in adults with type 2 diabetes. Clin Exp Immunol 2024; 216:89-103. [PMID: 38195093 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxad138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Pre-clinical and cell culture evidence supports the role of the ketone beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) as an immunomodulatory molecule that may inhibit inflammatory signalling involved in several chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), but studies in humans are lacking. Therefore, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of BHB in humans across three clinical trials. To investigate if BHB suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, we treated LPS-stimulated leukocytes from overnight-fasted adults at risk for T2D with BHB (Study 1). Next (Study 2), we investigated if exogenously raising BHB acutely in vivo by ketone monoester supplementation (KME) in adults with T2D would suppress pro-inflammatory plasma cytokines. In Study 3, we investigated the effect of BHB on inflammation via ex vivo treatment of LPS-stimulated leukocytes with BHB and in vivo thrice-daily pre-meal KME for 14 days in adults with T2D. Ex vivo treatment with BHB suppressed LPS-stimulated IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 secretion and increased IL-1RA and IL-10 (Study 1). Plasma IL-10 increased by 90 min following ingestion of a single dose of KME in T2D, which corresponded to peak blood BHB (Study 2). Finally, 14 days of thrice-daily KME ingestion did not significantly alter plasma cytokines or leukocyte subsets including monocyte and T-cell polarization (Study 3). However, direct treatment of leukocytes with BHB modulated TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, and MCP-1 secretion in a time- and glucose-dependent manner (Study 3). Therefore, BHB appears to be anti-inflammatory in T2D, but this effect is transient and is modulated by the presence of disease, glycaemia, and exposure time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Neudorf
- University of British Columbia Okanagan, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Hashim Islam
- University of British Columbia Okanagan, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Kaja Falkenhain
- University of British Columbia Okanagan, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Barbara Oliveira
- University of British Columbia Okanagan, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Garett S Jackson
- University of British Columbia Okanagan, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Alfonso Moreno-Cabañas
- University of Castilla-La Mancha, Department of Sport Sciences, Exercise Physiology Lab at Toledo, Spain
| | - Kenneth Madden
- University of British Columbia, Department of Medicine, Centre of Aging SMART, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Joel Singer
- University of British Columbia, School of Population and Public Health, Vancouver, BC,Canada
| | - Jeremy J Walsh
- McMaster University, Department of Kinesiology, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jonathan P Little
- University of British Columbia Okanagan, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, Kelowna, BC, Canada
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Veeram A, Shaikh TB, Kaur R, Chowdary EA, Andugulapati SB, Sistla R. Yohimbine Treatment Alleviates Cardiac Inflammation/Injury and Improves Cardiac Hemodynamics by Modulating Pro-Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Indicators. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-01985-9. [PMID: 38466531 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-01985-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Acute myocarditis, also known as myocardial inflammation, is a self-limited condition caused by systemic infection with cardiotropic pathogens, primarily viruses, bacteria, or fungi. Despite significant research, inflammatory cardiomyopathy exacerbated by heart failure, arrhythmia, or left ventricular dysfunction and it has a dismal prognosis. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of yohimbine against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced myocarditis in rat model. The anti-inflammatory activity of yohimbine was assessed in in-vitro using RAW 264.7 and H9C2 cells. Myocarditis was induced in rats by injecting LPS (10 mg/kg), following the rats were treated with dexamethasone (2 mg/kg) or yohimbine (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg) for 12 h and their therapeutic activity was examined using various techniques. Yohimbine treatment significantly attenuated the LPS-mediated inflammatory markers expression in the in-vitro model. In-vivo studies proved that yohimbine treatment significantly reduced the LPS-induced increase of cardiac-specific markers, inflammatory cell counts, and pro-inflammatory markers expression compared to LPS-control samples. LPS administration considerably affected the ECG, RR, PR, QRS, QT, ST intervals, and hemodynamic parameters, and caused abnormal pathological parameters, in contrast, yohimbine treatment substantially improved the cardiac parameters, mitigated the apoptosis in myocardial cells and ameliorated the histopathological abnormalities that resulted in an improved survival rate. LPS-induced elevation of cardiac troponin-I, myeloperoxidase, CD-68, and neutrophil elastase levels were significantly attenuated upon yohimbine treatment. Further investigation showed that yohimbine exerts an anti-inflammatory effect partly by modulating the MAPK pathway. This study emphasizes yohimbine's therapeutic benefit against LPS-induced myocarditis and associated inflammatory markers response by regulating the MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Veeram
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - Taslim B Shaikh
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - Rajwinder Kaur
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - E Abhisheik Chowdary
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, Telangana, India
| | - Sai Balaji Andugulapati
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, Telangana, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India.
| | - Ramakrishna Sistla
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, Telangana, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India.
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50
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Windoloski KA, Janum S, Berg RMG, Olufsen MS. Characterization of differences in immune responses during bolus and continuous infusion endotoxin challenges using mathematical modelling. Exp Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38466166 DOI: 10.1113/ep091552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Endotoxin administration is commonly used to study the inflammatory response, and though traditionally given as a bolus injection, it can be administered as a continuous infusion over multiple hours. Several studies hypothesize that the latter better represents the prolonged and pronounced inflammation observed in conditions like sepsis. Yet very few experimental studies have administered endotoxin using both strategies, leaving significant gaps in determining the underlying mechanisms responsible for their differing immune responses. We used mathematical modelling to analyse cytokine data from two studies administering a 2 ng kg-1 dose of endotoxin, one as a bolus and the other as a continuous infusion over 4 h. Using our model, we simulated the dynamics of mean and subject-specific cytokine responses as well as the response to long-term endotoxin administration. Cytokine measurements revealed that the bolus injection led to significantly higher peaks for interleukin (IL)-8, while IL-10 reaches higher peaks during continuous administration. Moreover, the peak timing of all measured cytokines occurred later with continuous infusion. We identified three model parameters that significantly differed between the two administration methods. Monocyte activation of IL-10 was greater during the continuous infusion, while tumour necrosis factor α $ {\alpha} $ and IL-8 recovery rates were faster for the bolus injection. This suggests that a continuous infusion elicits a stronger, longer-lasting systemic reaction through increased stimulation of monocyte anti-inflammatory mediator production and decreased recovery of pro-inflammatory catalysts. Furthermore, the continuous infusion model exhibited prolonged inflammation with recurrent peaks resolving within 2 days during long-term (20-32 h) endotoxin administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen A Windoloski
- Department of Mathematics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Susanne Janum
- Frederiksberg and Bispebjerg Hospitals, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ronan M G Berg
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine and, Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | - Mette S Olufsen
- Department of Mathematics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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