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Hui L, Guang-Ming W. Progress on the relationship between tumor suppressor PDCD4 and diseases based on the analysis of structural characteristics. Yi Chuan 2024; 46:290-305. [PMID: 38632092 DOI: 10.16288/j.yczz.23-291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) is downregulated in various tumor tissues indicating poor prognosis. PDCD4 is the first protein found to resist tumor transformation, invasion, and metastasis by inhibiting translation. The functions of PDCD4 dependent on its structures are affected by extracellular signals. It regulates tumor-related proteins through a variety of mechanisms, especially involved in two major signaling pathways, PI3K-Akt-mTOR and MAPK. By analyzing the relationship between the structures, functions and diseases of PDCD4, this review summarizes the roles of PDCD4 in several physiological processes and diseases such as apoptosis, autophagy, tumor, and inflammation in recent years, thereby providing insights for the study of the signaling pathways of PDCD4 and related proteins and the treatment of diseases targeting them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Hui
- Chongqing College of Electronic Engineering, Smart Health College, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Wu Guang-Ming
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
- Division of Basic Research, Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou 510005, China
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2
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Zhang K, Wan M, Zhang Z, Zhang D, Wang W, Fan F, Xie J, Zhou K, Li Y. [Advances of studies on culture and product functions of Euglena gracilis]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2024; 40:705-721. [PMID: 38545972 DOI: 10.13345/j.cjb.230309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Euglena gracilis is a unicellular eukaryote between animal and plant cells, which is widely distributed in nature. E. gracilis has both plant and animal characteristics, and can grow photoautotrophically, heterotrophically and mixotrophically. E. gracilis also features on abundant and various cellular composition. Recently, extensive researches on unique cellular components of E. gracilis have revealed its application in the field of medicine, food, and feedstuff, in terms of improving immunity, fighting inflammation, and lowering uric acid levels. The application prospects of paramylon in biomedical area were also discovered. As food ingredients, food additives, feedstuffs and cosmetic ingredients, E. gracilis has been certified domestically and overseas. A series of products have been developed overseas, especially in Japan. However, the research and development of E. gracilis are still in its infancy in China, and there is huge space for development. At present, the research and potential application of cultivation and product functions of E. gracilis have been rarely reviewed. This review systematically examines both the domestic and abroad research of cultivation and production of E. gracilis, as well as the biological activity of E. gracilis powder and paramylon. The existing problems in the application, exploitation, and possible development direction of E. gracilis in the future are prospected. This review might be useful for establishing and optimizing large-scale and efficient heterotrophic technology, as well as developing related products of E. gracilis with specific functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaikai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Minxi Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Daojing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Weiliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Fei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jingli Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Kunpeng Zhou
- Yunnan Baoshan Zeyuan Algal Health Technology Co., Ltd., Baoshan 678200, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuanguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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3
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Wang X, Chi Y, Song S. Important soil microbiota's effects on plants and soils: a comprehensive 30-year systematic literature review. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1347745. [PMID: 38591030 PMCID: PMC10999704 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1347745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Clarifying the relationship between soil microorganisms and the plant-soil system is crucial for encouraging the sustainable development of ecosystems, as soil microorganisms serve a variety of functional roles in the plant-soil system. In this work, the influence mechanisms of significant soil microbial groups on the plant-soil system and their applications in environmental remediation over the previous 30 years were reviewed using a systematic literature review (SLR) methodology. The findings demonstrated that: (1) There has been a general upward trend in the number of publications on significant microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and archaea. (2) Bacteria and fungi influence soil development and plant growth through organic matter decomposition, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium element dissolution, symbiotic relationships, plant growth hormone production, pathogen inhibition, and plant resistance induction. Archaea aid in the growth of plants by breaking down low-molecular-weight organic matter, participating in element cycles, producing plant growth hormones, and suppressing infections. (3) Microorganism principles are utilized in soil remediation, biofertilizer production, denitrification, and phosphorus removal, effectively reducing environmental pollution, preventing soil pathogen invasion, protecting vegetation health, and promoting plant growth. The three important microbial groups collectively regulate the plant-soil ecosystem and help maintain its relative stability. This work systematically summarizes the principles of important microbial groups influence plant-soil systems, providing a theoretical reference for how to control soil microbes in order to restore damaged ecosystems and enhance ecosystem resilience in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yongkuan Chi
- School of Karst Science, State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
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Lu Y, Zhao M, Chen L, Wang Y, Liu T, Liu H. cGAS: action in the nucleus. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1380517. [PMID: 38515746 PMCID: PMC10954897 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1380517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
As a canonical cytoplasmic DNA sensor, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) plays a key role in innate immunity. In recent years, a growing number of studies have shown that cGAS can also be located in the nucleus and plays new functions such as regulating DNA damage repair, nuclear membrane repair, chromosome fusion, DNA replication, angiogenesis and other non-canonical functions. Meanwhile, the mechanisms underlying the nucleo-cytoplasmic transport and the regulation of cGAS activation have been revealed in recent years. Based on the current understanding of the structure, subcellular localization and canonical functions of cGAS, this review focuses on summarizing the mechanisms underlying nucleo-cytoplasmic transport, activity regulation and non-canonical functions of cGAS in the nucleus. We aim to provide insights into exploring the new functions of cGAS in the nucleus and advance its clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikai Lu
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Li Chen
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianhao Liu
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haipeng Liu
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Leblanc PO, Bourgoin SG, Poubelle PE, Tessier PA, Pelletier M. Metabolic regulation of neutrophil functions in homeostasis and diseases. J Leukoc Biol 2024:qiae025. [PMID: 38452242 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiae025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes in humans and play a role in the innate immune response by being the first cells attracted to the site of infection. While early studies presented neutrophils as almost exclusively glycolytic cells, recent advances show that these cells use several metabolic pathways other than glycolysis, such as the pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation, and glutaminolysis, which they modulate to perform their functions. Metabolism shifts from fatty acid oxidation-mediated mitochondrial respiration in immature neutrophils to glycolysis in mature neutrophils. Tissue environments largely influence neutrophil metabolism according to nutrient sources, inflammatory mediators, and oxygen availability. Inhibition of metabolic pathways in neutrophils results in impairment of certain effector functions, such as NETosis, chemotaxis, degranulation, and reactive oxygen species generation. Alteration of these neutrophil functions is implicated in certain human diseases, such as antiphospholipid syndrome, coronavirus disease 2019, and bronchiectasis. Metabolic regulators such as AMPK, HIF-1α, mTOR, and Arf6 are linked to neutrophil metabolism and function and could potentially be targeted for the treatment of diseases associated with neutrophil dysfunction. This review details the effects of alterations in neutrophil metabolism on the effector functions of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier-Olivier Leblanc
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada
- ARThrite Research Center, Laval University, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Sylvain G Bourgoin
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada
- ARThrite Research Center, Laval University, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada
- Department of Microbiology-Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, 1050 Av. de la Médecine, Québec City, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Patrice E Poubelle
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, 1050 Av. de la Médecine, Québec City, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Philippe A Tessier
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada
- ARThrite Research Center, Laval University, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada
- Department of Microbiology-Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, 1050 Av. de la Médecine, Québec City, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Martin Pelletier
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada
- ARThrite Research Center, Laval University, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada
- Department of Microbiology-Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, 1050 Av. de la Médecine, Québec City, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
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Liu Z, Yang F, Xiao Z, Liu Y. Corrigendum: Review of novel functions and implications of circular RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1380699. [PMID: 38469230 PMCID: PMC10925765 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1380699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1093063.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- Department of Combination of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fangming Yang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhun Xiao
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuexuan Liu
- Department of Combination of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
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Zhou Z, Wang M, Fan Q, Zhao Y, Wang N. The function of chemical folic acid in calibration methods and neurodevelopmental disorders. Front Chem 2024; 12:1355848. [PMID: 38456186 PMCID: PMC10917952 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1355848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Functional molecules have been attracting increasing attention in environmental and physiological studies. In particular, folic acid (FA) could be considered a key factor in estimating, adjusting, and making decisions in the treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders. It promotes the general significance and conceptual for considering FA molecular scientific research detections, which implies related advancement in both of biological structure and detection methods. Among these applications, the FA molecule acts as a coenzyme that incorporates carbon atoms and synthesizes purines and pyrimidines. Therefore, the calibration method has real applications and can be used as a sensing platform and for detection approaches, which conveys the internal relationship between the FA molecule and physiological characterization. This mini review briefly discusses multiple FA application fields and detection pathways and could supplement their utilization in anticipation of the onset of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Zhou
- Department of Children Healthcare, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Child and Adolescent Department of Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiongli Fan
- Department of Pediatrics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Children Healthcare, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China
| | - Nianrong Wang
- Department of Children Healthcare, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China
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Park Y, Qu W, Ammerman BA. Characteristics and Functions of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury That Inform Suicide Risk. Arch Suicide Res 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38314767 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2024.2310556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although non-suicidal self-injury (i.e., NSSI) has been suggested as a robust risk factor of suicide, NSSI related information that is most related to suicide risk remains unclear. Commonly studied NSSI characteristics are its frequency and the number of methods endorsed. However, it may not be merely how frequent or how many different methods that matters, but "why," which alludes to the importance of NSSI functions (or why individuals engage in NSSI). Thus, this study examined how the interactions between NSSI characteristics and functions are associated with suicide risk. METHODS Undergraduate students (n = 820) with a lifetime history of NSSI, filled out self-report measures on NSSI and suicide risk. A hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to examine the moderation effects between four 2-way interactions (i.e., method X intrapersonal; method X interpersonal; frequency X intrapersonal; frequency X interpersonal) on suicide risk. RESULTS Main effects of all four independent variables were statistically significant. In terms of interactions, the intrapersonal function moderated both the effects of NSSI frequency and methods on suicide risk, whereas the interpersonal function moderated the effects of NSSI frequency on suicide risk. CONCLUSION Our results highlight that some NSSI related information than others are more indicative of suicide risk. In particular, the combination of NSSI functions, along with its frequency and number of methods, holds promise when assessing for current and lifetime suicidal thoughts and behaviors.
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Rahimi F, Rabiei R, Seddighi AS, Roshanpoor A, Seddighi A, Moghaddasi H. Features and functions of decision support systems for appropriate diagnostic imaging: a scoping review. Diagnosis (Berl) 2024; 11:4-16. [PMID: 37795534 DOI: 10.1515/dx-2023-0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diagnostic imaging decision support (DI-DS) systems could be effective tools for reducing inappropriate diagnostic imaging examinations. Since effective design and evaluation of these systems requires in-depth understanding of their features and functions, the present study aims to map the existing literature on DI-DS systems to identify features and functions of these systems. METHODS The search was performed using Scopus, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and was limited to 2000 to 2021. Analytical studies, descriptive studies, reviews and book chapters that explicitly addressed the functions or features of DI-DS systems were included. RESULTS A total of 6,046 studies were identified. Out of these, 55 studies met the inclusion criteria. From these, 22 functions and 22 features were identified. Some of the identified features were: visibility, content chunking/grouping, deployed as a multidisciplinary program, clinically valid and relevant feedback, embedding current evidence, and targeted recommendations. And, some of the identified functions were: displaying an appropriateness score, recommending alternative or more appropriate imaging examination(s), providing recommendations for next diagnostic steps, and providing safety alerts. CONCLUSIONS The set of features and functions obtained in the present study can provide a basis for developing well-designed DI-DS systems, which could help to improve adherence to diagnostic imaging guidelines, minimize unnecessary costs, and improve the outcome of care through appropriate diagnosis and on-time care delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rahimi
- Department of Health Information Technology and Management, Medical Informatics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Rabiei
- Department of Health Information Technology and Management, Medical Informatics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Saied Seddighi
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Roshanpoor
- Department of computer, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH), Janat-abad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afsoun Seddighi
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Moghaddasi
- Department of Health Information Technology and Management, Health Information Management & Medical Informatics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Darband St., Tehran, Iran
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Dembele J, Triccas LT, Amanzonwé LER, Kossi O, Spooren A. Bilateral versus unilateral upper limb training in (sub)acute stroke: A systematic and meta-analysis. S Afr J Physiother 2024; 80:1985. [PMID: 38322652 PMCID: PMC10839221 DOI: 10.4102/sajp.v80i1.1985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Integrating high dosage bilateral movements to improve upper limb (UL) recovery after stroke is a rehabilitation strategy that could potentially improve bimanual activities. Objectives This study aims to compare the effects of bilateral with unilateral UL training on upper limb impairments and functional independence in (sub)acute stroke. Method Five electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, PEDro, ScienceDirect, Web of Science) were systematically searched from inception to June 2023. Randomised controlled trials comparing the effect of bilateral training to unilateral training in stroke survivors (< 6 months poststroke) were included. The treatment effect was computed by the standard mean differences (SMDs). Results The review included 14 studies involving 706 participants. Bilateral training yielded a significant improvement on UL impairments measured by FMA-UE compared to unilateral training (SMD = 0.48; 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.88; P = 0.02). In addition, subgroup analysis based on the severity of UL impairments reported significant results in favour of bilateral UL training in improving UL impairments compared to unilateral training in "no motor capacity" patients (SMD = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.16 to 1.15; P = 0.009). Furthermore, a significant difference was observed in favour of bilateral UL training compared to unilateral UL training on daily activities measured by Functional Independence Measure (SMD = 0.45; 0.13 to 0.78; P = 0.006). Conclusion Bilateral UL training was superior to unilateral training in improving impairments measured by FMA-UE and functional independence in daily activities measured by Functional Independence Measure in (sub)acute stroke. Clinical implications Bilateral upper limb training promotes recovery of impairments and daily activities in (sub)acute phase of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Dembele
- REVAL, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Department of Rehabilitation, National Reference Centre of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Lisa Tedesco Triccas
- REVAL, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Lisa Elogni Renaud Amanzonwé
- REVAL, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Unit of Neurology and NeuroRehabilitation, University Hospital of Parakou, Parakou, Benin
| | - Oyéné Kossi
- REVAL, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Unit of Neurology and NeuroRehabilitation, University Hospital of Parakou, Parakou, Benin
- ENATSE, National School of Public Health and Epidemiology, University of Parakou, Parakou, Benin
| | - Annemie Spooren
- REVAL, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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Huang R, Feng Y, Gao Z, Ahmed A, Zhang W. The Epigenomic Features and Potential Functions of PEG- and PDS-Favorable DNA G-Quadruplexes in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:634. [PMID: 38203805 PMCID: PMC10779103 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A G-quadruplex (G4) is a typical non-B DNA structure and involved in various DNA-templated events in eukaryotic genomes. PEG and PDS chemicals have been widely applied for promoting the folding of in vivo or in vitro G4s. However, how PEG and PDS preferentially affect a subset of G4 formation genome-wide is still largely unknown. We here conducted a BG4-based IP-seq in vitro under K++PEG or K++PDS conditions in the rice genome. We found that PEG-favored IP-G4s+ have distinct sequence features, distinct genomic distributions and distinct associations with TEGs, non-TEGs and subtypes of TEs compared to PDS-favored ones. Strikingly, PEG-specific IP-G4s+ are associated with euchromatin with less enrichment levels of DNA methylation but with more enriched active histone marks, while PDS-specific IP-G4s+ are associated with heterochromatin with higher enrichment levels of DNA methylation and repressive marks. Moreover, we found that genes with PEG-specific IP-G4s+ are more expressed than those with PDS-specific IP-G4s+, suggesting that PEG/PDS-specific IP-G4s+ alone or coordinating with epigenetic marks are involved in the regulation of the differential expression of related genes, therefore functioning in distinct biological processes. Thus, our study provides new insights into differential impacts of PEG and PDS on G4 formation, thereby advancing our understanding of G4 biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, CIC-MCP, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; (R.H.); (Y.F.); (Z.G.); (A.A.)
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12
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Xu R, Huang J, Guo H, Wang C, Zhan H. Functions of silicon and phytolith in higher plants. Plant Signal Behav 2023; 18:2198848. [PMID: 37031433 PMCID: PMC10085572 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2023.2198848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) is abundant in the lithosphere, and previous studies have confirmed that silicon plays an important role in plant growth. Higher plants absorb soluble silicon from soil through roots which is deposited in plant tissues mainly in the form of phytoliths. Based on previous studies, the research progress in silicon and phytoliths in the structural protection, enhancement on photosynthesis and transpiration of plants and plant growth and stress resistance was reviewed. Meanwhile, gaps in phytolith research, including phytolith morphology and function, impact of diverse environmental factors coupling with phytoliths, phytolith characteristics at different stages of plant development and phytoliths in regional vegetation are identified. The paper intends to promote the wider application of phytolith research findings and provides reference for further research on phytoliths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xu
- Key Laboratory for Sympodial Bamboo Research, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Science and Technology Innovation Team of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Jianfeng Huang
- Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity/College of Biodiversity and Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Huijun Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, China
| | - Changming Wang
- Key Laboratory for Sympodial Bamboo Research, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Science and Technology Innovation Team of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Changming Wang Key Laboratory for Sympodial Bamboo Research, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Hui Zhan
- Key Laboratory for Sympodial Bamboo Research, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Science and Technology Innovation Team of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- CONTACT Hui Zhan
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Zhu W, Huang Y, Yu C. The emerging role of circRNAs on skeletal muscle development in economical animals. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:2778-2792. [PMID: 36052979 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2118130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
CircRNAs are a novel type of closed circular molecules formed through a covalent bond lacking a 5'cap and 3' end tail, which mainly arise from mRNA precursor. They are widely distributed in plants and animals and are characterized by stable structure, high conservativeness in cells or tissues, and showed the expression specificity at different stages of development in different tissues. CircRNAs have been gradually attracted wide attention with the development of RNA sequencing, which become a new research hotspot in the field of RNA. CircRNAs play an important role in gene expression regulation. Presently, the related circRNAs research in the regulation of animal muscle development is still at the initial stage. In this review, the formation, properties, biological functions of circRNAs were summarized. The recent research progresses of circRNAs in skeletal muscle growth and development from economic animals including livestock, poultry and fishes were introduced. Finally, we proposed a prospective for further studies of circRNAs in muscle development, and we hope our research could provide new ideas, some theoretical supports and helps for new molecular genetic markers exploitation and animal genetic breeding in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Zhu
- Animal Diseases and Public Health Engineering Research Center of Henan Province, Luoyang Polytechnic, Luoyang, China
| | - Yong Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Chuan Yu
- Animal Diseases and Public Health Engineering Research Center of Henan Province, Luoyang Polytechnic, Luoyang, China
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14
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Schmidt K, Smith AR, Bodell LP. Influence of nonsuicidal self-injury functions on suicide risk in individuals with eating disorders. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2023; 53:1055-1062. [PMID: 37804065 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Individuals with eating disorders (EDs) display elevated rates of suicidality (i.e., suicidal ideation and behaviors) as well as nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) (e.g., self-harm behaviors without intent to die). NSSI-and particularly the functions of NSSI-predict suicidal ideation in general samples; however, to our knowledge, the relation between NSSI functions and suicidal ideation in ED populations has been unexplored. METHOD This study examined whether specific functions of NSSI are relevant to suicidal ideation in a treatment-seeking sample of women with EDs (n = 100). Participants completed self-report measures of suicidal ideation, NSSI, and related psychopathology upon intake to an ED treatment program. RESULTS Using the four-function model of NSSI, we found that intrapersonal and interpersonal-negative reinforcement, but not interpersonal-positive reinforcement functions, were related to suicidal ideation in women with EDs. Contrary to expectations, we did not find that endorsement of multiple NSSI functions was related to increased suicide risk. DISCUSSION Findings imply that some, but not all, functions of NSSI may be relevant to suicide risk in individuals with EDs. Implications for further research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendall Schmidt
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - April R Smith
- Department of Psychology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Lindsay P Bodell
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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15
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Gasmi A, Nasreen A, Lenchyk L, Lysiuk R, Peana M, Shapovalova N, Piscopo S, Komissarenko M, Shanaida M, Smetanina K, Antonyak H, Fira L, Lykhatskyi P, Fira D, Bjørklund G. An Update on Glutathione's Biosynthesis, Metabolism, Functions, and Medicinal Purposes. Curr Med Chem 2023:CMC-EPUB-135659. [PMID: 37921175 DOI: 10.2174/0109298673251025230919105818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) has been the focus of increased scientific interest in the last decades. It plays a crucial role in all major physiological processes by supplying antioxidant defenses through participating in cellular redox reactions in the human body and other living organisms. GSH also participates in detoxifying xenobiotics, protecting protein thiols from crosslinking and oxidation, regulating the cell cycle, storing cysteine, etc. The significant role of GSH in the most important physiological processes has been highlighted, such as maintaining the redox balance and reducing oxidative stress due to its ability to inactivate the reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur species. It can also enhance metabolic detoxification and regulate the function of the immune system. All of these characteristics make it a universal biomarker since its proper balance is essential for improving health and treating some age-related disorders. This review presents a current concept of the synthesis and metabolism of GSH; its main functions in a living organism, and as a precursor and cofactor; data on the use of GSH for medicinal purposes in the prevention and treatment of some diseases, as well as a nutritional strategy to maintain a normal pool of GSH in the body. The data were gathered by searching relevant information in multiple databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Gasmi
- Department of Research, Société Francophone de Nutrithérapie et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Aniqa Nasreen
- Department of Physiology, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, 54000 Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Larysa Lenchyk
- CONEM Ukraine Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry Research Group National University of Pharmacy, 61168 Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, National University of Pharmacy, 61168 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Roman Lysiuk
- Depatment of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Massimiliano Peana
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Nataliya Shapovalova
- Depatment of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Salva Piscopo
- Department of Research, Société Francophone de Nutrithérapie et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Mykola Komissarenko
- Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, National University of Pharmacy, 61168 Kharkiv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry Research Group National University of Pharmacy, 61168 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Mariia Shanaida
- Depatment of Pharmacognosy and Medical Botany, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Kateryna Smetanina
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Pharmacy, Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, 43025 Lutsk, Ukraine
| | - Halyna Antonyak
- Department of Ecology, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Liudmyla Fira
- Depatment of Pharmacognosy and Medical Botany, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Petro Lykhatskyi
- Depatment of Pharmacognosy and Medical Botany, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro Fira
- Depatment of Pharmacognosy and Medical Botany, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Geir Bjørklund
- Department of Research, Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Toften 24, 8610 Mo i Rana, Norway
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Wu Q, Zhang F, Niu M, Yan J, Shi L, Liang Y, Tan J, Xu Y, Xu J, Wang J, Feng N. Extraction Methods, Properties, Functions, and Interactions with Other Nutrients of Lotus Procyanidins: A Review. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:14413-14431. [PMID: 37754221 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Lotus procyanidins, natural polyphenolic compounds isolated from the lotus plant family, are widely recognized as potent antioxidants that scavenge free radicals in the human body and exhibit various pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiobesity, and hypoglycemic. With promising applications in food and healthcare, lotus procyanidins have attracted extensive attention in recent years. This review provides a comprehensive summary of current research on lotus procyanidins, including extraction methods, properties, functions, and interactions with other nutrient components. Furthermore, this review offers an outlook on future research directions, providing ideas and references for the exploitation and utilization of lotus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Fen Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Mengyao Niu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Jia Yan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Lin Shi
- Wuhan Caidian District Public Inspection and Testing Center, Wuhan, Hubei 430100, China
| | - Yinggang Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Jiangying Tan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Jianhua Xu
- Pinyuan (Suizhou) Modern Agriculture Development Co., Ltd., Suizhou, Hubei 441300, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Nianjie Feng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
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Manríquez Roa T, Biller-Andorno N. Black box algorithms in mental health apps: An ethical reflection. Bioethics 2023; 37:790-797. [PMID: 37503823 DOI: 10.1111/bioe.13215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Mental health apps bring unprecedented benefits and risks to individual and public health. A thorough evaluation of these apps involves considering two aspects that are often neglected: the algorithms they deploy and the functions they perform. We focus on mental health apps based on black box algorithms, explore their forms of opacity, discuss the implications derived from their opacity, and propose how to use their outcomes in mental healthcare, self-care practices, and research. We argue that there is a relevant distinction between functions performed by algorithms in mental health apps, and we focus on the functions of analysis and generation of advice. When performing analytic functions, such as identifying patterns and making predictions concerning people's emotions, thoughts, and behaviors, black box algorithms can be better than other algorithms to provide information to identify early signs of relapse, support diagnostic processes, and improve research by generating outcomes that lead to a better understanding of mental health. However, when carrying out the function of providing mental health advice, black box algorithms have the potential to deliver unforeseen advice that may harm users. We argue that the outcomes of these apps may be trustworthy as a complementary source of information, but express caution about black box algorithms that give advice directly to users. To reap the benefits of mental health apps based on black box algorithms and avoid unintended consequences, we critically need to know whether these algorithms are fulfilling the function of providing mental health advice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Manríquez Roa
- Institute of Biomedical Ethics and History of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Digital Society Initiative, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nikola Biller-Andorno
- Institute of Biomedical Ethics and History of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Digital Society Initiative, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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18
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Molina-Pérez A, Bernat JL, Dalle Ave A. Inconsistency between the Circulatory and the Brain Criteria of Death in the Uniform Determination of Death Act. J Med Philos 2023; 48:422-433. [PMID: 37364165 PMCID: PMC10501178 DOI: 10.1093/jmp/jhad029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Uniform Determination of Death Act (UDDA) provides that "an individual who has sustained either (1) irreversible cessation of circulatory and respiratory functions or (2) irreversible cessation of all functions of the entire brain, including the brain stem, is dead." We show that the UDDA contains two conflicting interpretations of the phrase "cessation of functions." By one interpretation, what matters for the determination of death is the cessation of spontaneous functions only, regardless of their generation by artificial means. By the other, what matters is the cessation of both spontaneous and artificially supported functions. Because each UDDA criterion uses a different interpretation, the law is conceptually inconsistent. A single consistent interpretation would lead to the conclusion that conscious individuals whose respiratory and circulatory functions are artificially supported are actually dead, or that individuals whose brain is entirely and irreversibly destroyed may be alive. We explore solutions to mitigate the inconsistency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James L Bernat
- Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Anne Dalle Ave
- The Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University, Washington, USA
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19
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Azam I, Chahal A, Kapoor G, Chaudhuri P, Alghadir AH, Khan M, Kashoo FZ, Esht V, Alshehri MM, Shaphe MA, Khan AR, Singh G. Effects of a program consisting of strain/counterstrain technique, phonophoresis, heat therapy, and stretching in patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction: A pilot study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34569. [PMID: 37565891 PMCID: PMC10419340 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study was conceptualized as a pilot study to examine the effects of a 3-week program consisting of strain/counterstrain technique (SCST), phonophoresis, heat therapy, and stretching exercises on pain and functions in patients with temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD). METHODS Seven participants (mean age 25.85 years) diagnosed with TMD having pain in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) area with decreased jaw opening were recruited for the study. Treatment interventions consisting of SCST, phonophoresis (ultrasound gel mixed with diclofenac gel), heat therapy, and stretching (mouth-opening) exercises were performed 3 days a week for 3 weeks. SCST was performed on the masseter, medial, and lateral pterygoid muscles. No control group was present in the study. RESULTS Paired samples t test revealed a significant difference in numerical pain rating scale (NPRS) (decreased by 50%, P < .001) and jaw functional limitation scale (JFLS) (reduced by 59.58%, P < .001) scores after 3 weeks of intervention. A large effect size (Cohen d = -3.00 for NPRS and -3.16 for JFLS) was observed for both variables. No correlation (R = 0) was found between the baseline values of NPRS and JFLS. CONCLUSION A 3-week program consisting of SCST, phonophoresis, heat therapy, and stretching exercises was effective in reducing the pain and improving the functions related to TMJ in patients suffering from TMD. However, a randomized controlled trial is needed to reach a definite conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insha Azam
- Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Haryana, India
| | - Aksh Chahal
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medical and Allied Health Science, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gaurav Kapoor
- Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Haryana, India
| | | | - Ahmad H. Alghadir
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Masood Khan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faizan Z. Kashoo
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, AL Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vandana Esht
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Alshehri
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Abu Shaphe
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Gurjant Singh
- Department of Physiotherapy, UIAHS, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India
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Timm T, Hild C, Liebisch G, Rickert M, Lochnit G, Steinmeyer J. Functional Characterization of Lysophospholipids by Proteomic and Lipidomic Analysis of Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes. Cells 2023; 12:1743. [PMID: 37443777 PMCID: PMC10340184 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Synovial fluid (SF) from human knee joints with osteoarthritis (OA) has elevated levels of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) species, but their functional role is not well understood. This in vitro study was designed to test the hypothesis that various LPCs found elevated in OA SF and their metabolites, lysophosphatidic acids (LPAs), modulate the abundance of proteins and phospholipids (PLs) in human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs), with even minute chemical variations in lysophospholipids determining the extent of regulation. Cultured FLSs (n = 5-7) were treated with one of the LPC species, LPA species, IL-1β, or a vehicle. Tandem mass tag peptide labeling coupled with LC-MS/MS/MS was performed to quantify proteins. The expression of mRNA from regulated proteins was analyzed using RT-PCR. PL synthesis was determined via ESI-MS/MS, and the release of radiolabeled PLs was determined by means of liquid scintillation counting. In total, 3960 proteins were quantified using multiplexed MS, of which 119, 8, and 3 were significantly and reproducibly regulated by IL-1β, LPC 16:0, and LPC 18:0, respectively. LPC 16:0 significantly inhibited the release of PLs and the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine, LPC, and sphingomyelin. Neither LPC metabolite-LPA 16:0 nor LPA 18:0-had any reproducible effect on the levels of each protein. In conclusion, small chemical variations in LPC species can result in the significantly altered expression and secretion of proteins and PLs from FLSs. IL-1β influenced all proteins that were reproducibly regulated by LPC 16:0. LPC species are likely to modulate FLS protein expression only in more advanced OA stages with low IL-1β levels. None of the eight proteins being significantly regulated by LPC 16:0 have been previously reported in OA. However, our in vitro findings show that the CD81 antigen, calumenin, and B4E2C1 are promising candidates for further study, focusing in particular on their potential ability to modulate inflammatory and catabolic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Timm
- Protein Analytics Group, Institute of Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Christiane Hild
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Liebisch
- Department for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Markus Rickert
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Guenter Lochnit
- Protein Analytics Group, Institute of Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Juergen Steinmeyer
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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Garrido A, Conde A, Serôdio J, De Vos RCH, Cunha A. Fruit Photosynthesis: More to Know about Where, How and Why. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:2393. [PMID: 37446953 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Not only leaves but also other plant organs and structures typically considered as carbon sinks, including stems, roots, flowers, fruits and seeds, may exhibit photosynthetic activity. There is still a lack of a coherent and systematized body of knowledge and consensus on the role(s) of photosynthesis in these "sink" organs. With regard to fruits, their actual photosynthetic activity is influenced by a range of properties, including fruit anatomy, histology, physiology, development and the surrounding microclimate. At early stages of development fruits generally contain high levels of chlorophylls, a high density of functional stomata and thin cuticles. While some plant species retain functional chloroplasts in their fruits upon subsequent development or ripening, most species undergo a disintegration of the fruit chloroplast grana and reduction in stomata functionality, thus limiting gas exchange. In addition, the increase in fruit volume hinders light penetration and access to CO2, also reducing photosynthetic activity. This review aimed to compile information on aspects related to fruit photosynthesis, from fruit characteristics to ecological drivers, and to address the following challenging biological questions: why does a fruit show photosynthetic activity and what could be its functions? Overall, there is a body of evidence to support the hypothesis that photosynthesis in fruits is key to locally providing: ATP and NADPH, which are both fundamental for several demanding biosynthetic pathways (e.g., synthesis of fatty acids); O2, to prevent hypoxia in its inner tissues including seeds; and carbon skeletons, which can fuel the biosynthesis of primary and secondary metabolites important for the growth of fruits and for spreading, survival and germination of their seed (e.g., sugars, flavonoids, tannins, lipids). At the same time, both primary and secondary metabolites present in fruits and seeds are key to human life, for instance as sources for nutrition, bioactives, oils and other economically important compounds or components. Understanding the functions of photosynthesis in fruits is pivotal to crop management, providing a rationale for manipulating microenvironmental conditions and the expression of key photosynthetic genes, which may help growers or breeders to optimize development, composition, yield or other economically important fruit quality aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Garrido
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Artur Conde
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - João Serôdio
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ric C H De Vos
- Business Unit Bioscience, Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University and Research Centre (Wageningen-UR), P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ana Cunha
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Xiong K, Deng X, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Kong L. Forest Ecosystem Service Trade-Offs/Synergies and System Function Optimization in Karst Desertification Control. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:2376. [PMID: 37376000 DOI: 10.3390/plants12122376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Karst desertification control forests are essential for ecosystem multi functionality, but the trade-offs/synergies are unclear for forest ecosystem services. In order to clarify the trade-offs/synergies, this study was conducted on eight forest communities in a karst desertification control area and was based on vegetation surveys and structural and functional monitoring. It analyzes water holding capacity, species diversity, soil conservation, and carbon storage characteristics and their trade-off/synergies. The results indicate the following: (1) The Cladrastis platycarpa + Cotinus coggygria community (H1) had the highest water holding capacity and species diversity with values of 252.21 t·hm-2 and 2.56, respectively. Soil conservation was highest in the Zanthoxylum bungeanum + Glycine max community (H6), with an index value of 1.56. Carbon storage was the greatest in the Tectona grandis community (H8), at 103.93 t·hm-2. The results of these studies have shown that there are significant differences in different types of forest community ecosystem services. (2) Water holding capacity, species diversity, soil conservation, and carbon storage, all have synergistic relationships, suggesting a trend towards synergistic enhancement between the services. (3) The species diversity of the forest ecosystems was shown to be in a trade-off with carbon storage and soil conservation, which suggests that the services are in competition with each other. To further improve the service capacity of forest ecosystems, the trade-offs between the regulation of forest community structure and function and the improvement of services should be optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangning Xiong
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Xuehua Deng
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Shihao Zhang
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Resource Management, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Lingwei Kong
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang 550001, China
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Havrlentová M, Dvořáček V, Jurkaninová L, Gregusová V. Unraveling the Potential of β-D-Glucans in Poales: From Characterization to Biosynthesis and Factors Affecting the Content. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1387. [PMID: 37374169 DOI: 10.3390/life13061387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This review consolidates current knowledge on β-D-glucans in Poales and presents current findings and connections that expand our understanding of the characteristics, functions, and applications of this cell wall polysaccharide. By associating information from multiple disciplines, the review offers valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and consumers interested in harnessing the benefits of β-D-glucans in various fields. The review can serve as a valuable resource for plant biology researchers, cereal breeders, and plant-based food producers, providing insights into the potential of β-D-glucans and opening new avenues for future research and innovation in the field of this bioactive and functional ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Havrlentová
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie J. Herdu 2, 917 01 Trnava, Slovakia
- National Agricultural and Food Center-Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská cesta 122, 921 68 Piešťany, Slovakia
| | - Václav Dvořáček
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507, 161 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Jurkaninová
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Gregusová
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie J. Herdu 2, 917 01 Trnava, Slovakia
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24
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Li H. circRNA: a promising all-around star in the future. Epigenomics 2023; 15:677-685. [PMID: 37578015 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
circRNA is a type of RNA molecule with a circular structure. From initially thinking it was useless to now discovering that it has important and complex functions, the importance of circRNA is increasingly being recognized. circRNA was first discovered as an ncRNA with a molecular sponge function. Clinically, due to its special molecular structure, researchers are generally interested in its potential as a biomarker. Recently, circRNA has been proven to have many functions other than encoding proteins. In the clinical setting, circRNA also has strong potential for application in vaccine preparation and targeted therapy. This article discusses the synthesis of circRNA, introduces its functions and discusses its future development prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlin Li
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
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25
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Abstract
During normal physiological and abnormal pathophysiological conditions, all cells release membrane vesicles, termed extracellular vesicles (EVs). Growing evidence has revealed that EVs act as important messengers in intercellular communication. EVs play emerging roles in cellular responses and the modulation of immune responses during virus infection. EVs contribute to triggering antiviral responses to restrict virus infection and replication. Conversely, the role of EVs in the facilitation of virus spread and pathogenesis has been widely documented. Depending on the cell of origin, EVs carry effector functions from one cell to the other by horizontal transfer of their bioactive cargoes, including DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, and metabolites. The diverse constituents of EVs can reflect the altered states of cells or tissues during virus infection, thereby offering a diagnostic readout. The exchanges of cellular and/or viral components by EVs can inform the therapeutic potential of EVs for infectious diseases. This review discusses recent advances of EVs to explore the complex roles of EVs during virus infection and their therapeutic potential, focusing on HIV-1. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(6): 335-340].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hyun Lee
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Korea
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26
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Abstract
Purpose A large body of literature showed that word reading and listening comprehension-two proximal predictors of reading comprehension according to the simple view of reading-are related. Grounded on the direct and indirect effects model of reading (Kim, 2020a, 2020b, 2023), we examined the extent to which the relation is explained by domain-general cognitions or executive functions (working memory and attentional control) and emergent literacy skills (language and code-related skills including morphological awareness, phonological awareness, orthographic pattern recognition, letter naming fluency, and rapid automatized naming). Method Data were from English-speaking children in Grade 1 (N = 372; 52% boys; 60% White children, 26% African American children, 6% multiracial children, 6% Hispanic children, and 2% Asian American children). Results Results from structural equation models showed that word reading and listening comprehension were moderately related (.54). When working memory and attentional control were included as predictors, the relation became weaker (.39). When morphological awareness was additionally included, they were no longer related (.05). The other emergent literacy skills did not add explanatory power beyond executive functions and morphological awareness. Conclusion These results indicate that executive functions and morphological awareness largely explain the shared variance between word reading and listening comprehension for English-speaking beginning readers.
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Yang B, Wang J, Zheng X, Wang X. Nematode Pheromones: Structures and Functions. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052409. [PMID: 36903652 PMCID: PMC10005090 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Pheromones are chemical signals secreted by one individual that can affect the behaviors of other individuals within the same species. Ascaroside is an evolutionarily conserved family of nematode pheromones that play an integral role in the development, lifespan, propagation, and stress response of nematodes. Their general structure comprises the dideoxysugar ascarylose and fatty-acid-like side chains. Ascarosides can vary structurally and functionally according to the lengths of their side chains and how they are derivatized with different moieties. In this review, we mainly describe the chemical structures of ascarosides and their different effects on the development, mating, and aggregation of nematodes, as well as how they are synthesized and regulated. In addition, we discuss their influences on other species in various aspects. This review provides a reference for the functions and structures of ascarosides and enables their better application.
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28
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Shen JK, Zhang HT. Function and structure of bradykinin receptor 2 for drug discovery. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:489-98. [PMID: 36075965 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00982-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 bradykinin receptor (B2R) is an essential G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that regulates the cardiovascular system as a vasodepressor. Dysfunction of B2R is also closely related to cancers and hereditary angioedema (HAE). Although several B2R agonists and antagonists have been developed, icatibant is the only B2R antagonist clinically used for treating HAE. The recently determined structures of B2R have provided molecular insights into the functions and regulation of B2R, which shed light on structure-based drug design for the treatment of B2R-related diseases. In this review, we summarize the structure and function of B2R in relation to drug discovery and discuss future research directions to elucidate the remaining unknown functions of B2R dimerization.
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29
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Liu Z, Yang F, Xiao Z, Liu Y. Review of novel functions and implications of circular RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1093063. [PMID: 36890830 PMCID: PMC9986438 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1093063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequent malignancies, with high incidence and mortality. As the majority of HCC patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage and die of recurrence and metastasis, its pathology and new biomarkers are needed. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a large subclass of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) with covalently closed loop structures and abundant, conserved, stable, tissue-specific expression in mammalian cells. CircRNAs exert multiple functions in HCC initiation, growth and progression, serving as promising biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic targets for this disease. This review briefly describes the biogenesis and biological functions of circRNAs and elucidates the roles of circRNAs in the development and progression of HCC, especially regarding epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), drug resistance and interactions with epigenetic modifications. In addition, this review highlights the implications of circRNAs as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC. We hope to provide novel insight into the roles of circRNAs in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- Department of Combination of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fangming Yang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhun Xiao
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuexuan Liu
- Department of Combination of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
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30
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Han B, Ren C, Wang W, Li J, Gong X. Computational Prediction of Protein Intrinsically Disordered Region Related Interactions and Functions. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:432. [PMID: 36833360 PMCID: PMC9956190 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrinsically Disordered Proteins (IDPs) and Regions (IDRs) exist widely. Although without well-defined structures, they participate in many important biological processes. In addition, they are also widely related to human diseases and have become potential targets in drug discovery. However, there is a big gap between the experimental annotations related to IDPs/IDRs and their actual number. In recent decades, the computational methods related to IDPs/IDRs have been developed vigorously, including predicting IDPs/IDRs, the binding modes of IDPs/IDRs, the binding sites of IDPs/IDRs, and the molecular functions of IDPs/IDRs according to different tasks. In view of the correlation between these predictors, we have reviewed these prediction methods uniformly for the first time, summarized their computational methods and predictive performance, and discussed some problems and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Han
- Mathematical Intelligence Application Lab, Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Chongjiao Ren
- Mathematical Intelligence Application Lab, Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Wenda Wang
- Mathematical Intelligence Application Lab, Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Jiashan Li
- Mathematical Intelligence Application Lab, Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Xinqi Gong
- Mathematical Intelligence Application Lab, Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
- Beijing Academy of Intelligence, Beijing 100083, China
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31
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Sun Y, Song W, Wu H, Zhan Y, Wu Z, Yin J. Investigation on Performances and Functions of Asphalt Mixtures Modified with Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP). Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:1082. [PMID: 36770089 PMCID: PMC9919901 DOI: 10.3390/ma16031082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The super absorbent polymer (SAP) has been attracting extensive concerns due to its strong capacity in water absorption and retention. The amorphous hydrogels formed by the post-absorbent SAP have the potential of clogging the micro-cracks in asphalt materials and refraining the rainwater from infiltrating. This provides the possibility of applying SAP in asphalt pavements to seal or fill the cracks and relieve the distresses caused by rainwater infiltration in the underlying layers. Before exploring the cracking sealing mechanism of SAPs in asphalt pavements, a series of experiments were performed to evaluate the feasibility and influences of SAPs in asphalt mastics and asphalt mixtures on their mechanical performances and functionalities. Firstly, the basic properties of SAPs were analyzed, and then the rheological properties of the asphalt mastics using SAP replacing mineral powder (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% by volume) were explored. The water stability and infiltration reduction effect of the asphalt mixtures incorporated with SAP were evaluated by the Marshall stability test, immersion Marshall stability test, freeze-thaw splitting strength test, Cantabro test, and permeability test. The test results indicated that SAPs could be used in the asphalt mixtures to partially substitute mineral powder with desirable mechanical performances. When less than 10% of the mineral powder was replaced by the SAP, the high-temperature performance and fatigue life of the asphalt mastics could be improved to some extent, but both declined after the content of the SAP was larger than 10%. Due to the hydrogels formed by SAPs after water absorption, the water stability of the asphalt mixtures deteriorated with the increased content of SAPs. Moreover, the results from the permeability tests implied that the SAP hydrogels could fill the seepage channels in the material, thus improving the migration and infiltration resistances of the asphalt mixtures. With the increased contents of SAPs, the permeability coefficients of the asphalt mixtures could be reduced up to 55%. Based on the research findings in this study, when an appropriate amount of SAP was added in the asphalt materials, desirable temperature stability, water stability, and fatigue resistance could be achieved regarding actual requirements from applications. At the same time, the addition of SAPs could effectively refrain the infiltration and migration of rainwater in asphalt pavements, thus potentially mitigating the effect of water erosion on the underlying layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Sun
- School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410017, China
| | - Weimin Song
- School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410017, China
| | - Hao Wu
- School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410017, China
| | - Yiqun Zhan
- School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410017, China
| | - Zhezheng Wu
- School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410017, China
| | - Jian Yin
- School of Civil Engineering & Mechanics, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
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Zhang Y, Tian J, Wang C, Wu T, Yi D, Wang L, Zhao D, Hou Y. N-Acetylcysteine Administration Improves the Redox and Functional Gene Expression Levels in Spleen, Mesenteric Lymph Node and Gastrocnemius Muscle in Piglets Infected with Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13020262. [PMID: 36670802 PMCID: PMC9854467 DOI: 10.3390/ani13020262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study reported that N-acetylcysteine (NAC) administration improved the function of intestinal absorption in piglets infected with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). However, the effects of NAC administration on the functions of other tissues and organs in PEDV-infected piglets have not been reported. In this study, the effects of NAC on the liver, spleen, lung, lymph node, and gastrocnemius muscle in PEDV-infected piglets were investigated. Thirty-two 7-day-old piglets with similar body weights were randomly divided into one of four groups: Control group, NAC group, PEDV group, and PEDV+NAC group (eight replicates per group and one pig per replicate). The trial had a 2 × 2 factorial design consisting of oral administration of 0 or 25 mg/kg body weight NAC and oral administration of 0 or 1.0 × 104.5 TCID50 PEDV. The trial lasted 12 days. All piglets were fed a milk replacer. On days 5-9 of the trial, piglets in the NAC and PEDV + NAC groups were orally administered NAC once a day; piglets in the control and PEDV groups were orally administered the same volume of saline. On day 9 of trial, piglets in the PEDV and PEDV+NAC groups were orally administrated 1.0 × 104.5 TCID50 PEDV, and the piglets in the control and NAC groups were orally administrated the same volume of saline. On day 12 of trial, samples, including of the liver, spleen, lung, lymph node, and gastrocnemius muscle, were collected. PEDV infection significantly increased catalase activity but significantly decreased the mRNA levels of Keap1, Nrf2, HMOX2, IFN-α, MX1, IL-10, TNF-α, S100A12, MMP3, MMP13, TGF-β, and GJA1 in the spleens of piglets. NAC administration ameliorated abnormal changes in measured variables in the spleens of PEDV-infected piglets. In addition, NAC administration also enhanced the antioxidant capacity of the mesenteric lymph nodes and gastrocnemius muscles in PEDV-infected piglets. Collectively, these novel results revealed that NAC administration improved the redox and functional gene expression levels in the spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, and gastrocnemius muscle in PEDV-infected piglets.
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Abstract
Conscious experiences form a relatively diverse class of psychological phenomena, supported by a range of distinct neurobiological mechanisms. This diversity suggests that consciousness occupies a variety of different functional roles across different task domains, individuals, and species; a position I call functional pluralism. In this paper, I begin to tease out some of the functional contributions that consciousness makes to (human) visual processing. Consolidating research from across the cognitive sciences, I discuss semantic and spatiotemporal processing as specific points of comparison between the functional capabilities of the visual system in the presence and absence of conscious awareness. I argue that consciousness contributes a cluster of functions to visual processing; facilitating, among other things, (i) increased capacities for semantically processing informationally complex visual stimuli, (ii) increased spatiotemporal precision, and (iii) increased capacities for representational integration over large spatiotemporal intervals. This sort of analysis should ultimately yield a plurality of functional markers that can be used to guide future research in the philosophy and science of consciousness, some of which are not captured by popular theoretical frameworks like global workspace theory and information integration theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Ludwig
- Department of Philosophy, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
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34
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Zhu D, Ouyang X, Zhang Y, Yu X, Su K, Li L. A promising new cancer marker: Long noncoding RNA EGFR-AS1. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1130472. [PMID: 36910672 PMCID: PMC9999470 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1130472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer consists of a group of diseases with the salient properties of an uncontrolled cell cycle, metastasis, and evasion of the immune response, mainly driven by the genomic instability of somatic cells and the physicochemical environment. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are defined as noncoding RNAs with a length of more than 200 nucleotides. LncRNA dysregulation participates in diverse disease types and is tightly associated with patient clinical features, such as age, disease stage, and prognosis. In addition, an increasing number of lncRNAs have been confirmed to regulate a series of biological and pathological processes through numerous mechanisms. The lncRNA epidermal growth factor receptor antisense RNA 1 (EGFR-AS1) was recently discovered to be aberrantly expressed in many types of diseases, particularly in cancers. A high level of EGFR-AS1 was demonstrated to correlate with multiple patient clinical characteristics. More importantly, EGFR-AS1 was found to be involved in the mediation of various cellular activities, including cell proliferation, invasion, migration, chemosensitivity, and stemness. Therefore, EGFR-AS1 is a promising marker for cancer management. In this review, we introduce the expression profile, molecular mechanisms, biological functions, and clinical value of EGFR-AS1 in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danhua Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxi Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaopeng Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kunkai Su
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Yang K, Wang L, Cao X, Gu Z, Zhao G, Ran M, Yan Y, Yan J, Xu L, Gao C, Yang M. The Origin, Function, Distribution, Quantification, and Research Advances of Extracellular DNA. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23. [PMID: 36430193 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In nature, DNA is ubiquitous, existing not only inside but also outside of the cells of organisms. Intracellular DNA (iDNA) plays an essential role in different stages of biological growth, and it is defined as the carrier of genetic information. In addition, extracellular DNA (eDNA) is not enclosed in living cells, accounting for a large proportion of total DNA in the environment. Both the lysis-dependent and lysis-independent pathways are involved in eDNA release, and the released DNA has diverse environmental functions. This review provides an insight into the origin as well as the multiple ecological functions of eDNA. Furthermore, the main research advancements of eDNA in the various ecological environments and the various model microorganisms are summarized. Furthermore, the major methods for eDNA extraction and quantification are evaluated.
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Chen X, Liu S, Fang J, Zheng S, Wang Z, Jiao Y, Xia P, Wu H, Ma Z, Hao L. Peptides Isolated from Amphibian Skin Secretions with Emphasis on Antimicrobial Peptides. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:722. [PMID: 36287990 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14100722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin of amphibians is a tissue with biological functions, such as defense, respiration, and excretion. In recent years, researchers have discovered a large number of peptides in the skin secretions of amphibians, including antimicrobial peptides, antioxidant peptides, bradykinins, insulin-releasing peptides, and other peptides. This review focuses on the origin, primary structure, secondary structure, length, and functions of peptides secreted from amphibians' skin. We hope that this review will provide further information and promote the further study of amphibian skin secretions, in order to provide reference for expanding the research and application of amphibian bioactive peptides.
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Sun J, Wang Y, Liu S, Li J, Zhou H, Wu G, Haregeweyn N. Editorial: Patterns, functions, and processes of alpine grassland ecosystems under global change. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:1048031. [PMID: 36311090 PMCID: PMC9608754 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1048031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Earth System Resources and Environment of Tibetan Plateau, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth System Resources and Environment of Tibetan Plateau, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shiliang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Junran Li
- Department of Geography, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huakun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology for Cold Regions in Qinghai, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Gaolin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Nigussie Haregeweyn
- International Platform for Dryland Research and Education, Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
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Arévalo-Cortés A, Damania A, Granada Y, Zuluaga S, Mejia R, Triana-Chavez O. Association of Midgut Bacteria and Their Metabolic Pathways with Zika Infection and Insecticide Resistance in Colombian Aedes aegypti Populations. Viruses 2022; 14:2197. [PMID: 36298752 DOI: 10.3390/v14102197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aedes aegypti is the vector of several arboviruses such as dengue, Zika, and chikungunya. In 2015-16, Zika virus (ZIKV) had an outbreak in South America associated with prenatal microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome. This mosquito's viral transmission is influenced by microbiota abundance and diversity and its interactions with the vector. The conditions of cocirculation of these three arboviruses, failure in vector control due to insecticide resistance, limitations in dengue management during the COVID-19 pandemic, and lack of effective treatment or vaccines make it necessary to identify changes in mosquito midgut bacterial composition and predict its functions through the infection. Its study is fundamental because it generates knowledge for surveillance of transmission and the risk of outbreaks of these diseases at the local level. METHODS Midgut bacterial compositions of females of Colombian Ae. aegypti populations were analyzed using DADA2 Pipeline, and their functions were predicted with PICRUSt2 analysis. These analyses were done under the condition of natural ZIKV infection and resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin, alone and in combination. One-step RT-PCR determined the percentage of ZIKV-infected females. We also measured the susceptibility to the pyrethroid lambda-cyhalothrin and evaluated the presence of the V1016I mutation in the sodium channel gene. RESULTS We found high ZIKV infection rates in Ae. aegypti females from Colombian rural municipalities with deficient water supply, such as Honda with 63.6%. In the face of natural infection with an arbovirus such as Zika, the diversity between an infective and non-infective form was significantly different. Bacteria associated with a state of infection with ZIKV and lambda-cyhalothrin resistance were detected, such as the genus Bacteroides, which was related to functions of pathogenicity, antimicrobial resistance, and bioremediation of insecticides. We hypothesize that it is a vehicle for virus entry, as it is in human intestinal infections. On the other hand, Bello, the only mosquito population classified as susceptible to lambda-cyhalothrin, was associated with bacteria related to mucin degradation functions in the intestine, belonging to the Lachnospiraceae family, with the genus Dorea being increased in ZIKV-infected females. The Serratia genus presented significantly decreased functions related to phenazine production, potentially associated with infection control, and control mechanism functions for host defense and quorum sensing. Additionally, Pseudomonas was the genus principally associated with functions of the degradation of insecticides related to tryptophan metabolism, ABC transporters with a two-component system, efflux pumps, and alginate synthesis. CONCLUSIONS Microbiota composition may be modulated by ZIKV infection and insecticide resistance in Ae. aegypti Colombian populations. The condition of resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin could be inducing a phenome of dysbiosis in field Ae. aegypti affecting the transmission of arboviruses.
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Robillard CL, Chapman AL, Turner BJ. Learning from experience: Within- and between-person associations of the consequences, frequency, and versatility of nonsuicidal self-injury. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2022; 52:836-847. [PMID: 35385177 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Behavioral models of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) propose that experiencing desirable consequences following NSSI reinforces the behavior. However, these models do not specify whether experiencing more desirable consequences relative to other people (between-person), an individual's own average (within-person), or both, predicts NSSI severity. To address this gap, this study investigated the prospective, within- and between-person associations of desirable NSSI consequences with NSSI frequency (number of episodes) and versatility (number of methods). METHODS Two hundred and ten individuals (93.81% female, Mage = 22.95) with a history of NSSI completed online surveys assessing NSSI consequences, frequency, and versatility every three months for one year. RESULTS Within-person increases in desirable emotional consequences were unrelated to NSSI frequency three months later but predicted increases in NSSI versatility. Within-person increases in desirable social consequences predicted decreases in NSSI frequency three months later but were unrelated to NSSI versatility. Between-person variability in desirable consequences was unrelated to NSSI severity. CONCLUSIONS Findings were partially consistent with behavioral models of NSSI. Going forward, we recommend that: (1) behavioral models articulate the salience of within-person fluctuations in consequences; (2) research clarifies the role of social consequences; and (3) clinicians use repeated assessments of emotional consequences to identify periods of elevated NSSI risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina L Robillard
- Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alexander L Chapman
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Brianna J Turner
- Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
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Schuler KR, Baer MM, McDermott RC, Smith PN. A Psychometric Pilot Study Examining the Functions of Suicidal Communications Using IRT and Factor Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:10081. [PMID: 36011712 PMCID: PMC9408711 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide prevention, an important public health issue, relies on suicidal communications to identify and intervene with those at risk. Scant research tests explicit theories of suicidal communication impeding applications to prevention science. The current study pilots a new measure assessing the functions of suicidal communications using factor analysis and item response theory. METHODS MTurk workers (n = 898) completed an anonymous survey. The original scale included 35 items refined using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, bifactor modeling, and item response theory. RESULTS The initial EFA identified a two-correlated-factor solution. The two-correlated-factor and unidimensional models yielded a poor fit. A bifactor model yielded a borderline to acceptable fit. The final four items were identified using a bifactor model and item response theory graded response models capturing ambivalence resolution defined as behaviors aimed to aid in suicide decision making. The final model yielded an excellent fit: 𝝌2(2) = 1.81, CFI (1.00), TLI (1.00), RMSEA (0.00), and SRMR (0.01). CONCLUSIONS There may be one function of suicidal communications. Disclosure may elicit connection and reasons for living that serve as barriers to suicide and resolve ambivalence. Key limitations include convenience sampling and limited validity measures. Future research should partner with participants to improve scale and theory development efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn R. Schuler
- Department of Psychology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36608, USA
| | - Margaret M. Baer
- Department of Psychology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Ryon C. McDermott
- Department of Psychology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36608, USA
| | - Phillip N. Smith
- Department of Psychology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36608, USA
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Liu B, Yang H, Zhu C, Xiao J, Cao H, Simal-Gandara J, Li Y, Fan D, Deng J. A comprehensive review of food gels: formation mechanisms, functions, applications, and challenges. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:760-782. [PMID: 35959724 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2108369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Gels refer to the soft and flexible macromolecular polymeric materials retaining a large amount of water or biofluids in their three-dimensional network structure. Gels have attracted increasing interest in the food discipline, especially proteins and polysaccharides, due to their good biocompatibility, biodegradability, nutritional properties, and edibility. With the advancement of living standards, people's demand for nutritious, safe, reliable, and functionally diverse food and even personalized food has increased. As a result, gels exhibiting unique advantages in food application will be of great significance. However, a comprehensive review of functional hydrogels as food gels is still lacking. Here, we comprehensively review the gel-forming mechanisms of food gels and systematically classify them. Moreover, the potential of hydrogels as functional foods in different types of food areas is summarized, with a special focus on their applications in food packaging, satiating gels, nutrient delivery systems, food coloring adsorption, and food safety monitoring. Additionally, the key scientific issues for future food gel research, with specific reference to future novel food designs, mechanisms between food components and matrices, food gel-human interactions, and food gel safety, are discussed. Finally, the future directions of hydrogels for food science and technology are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, Biotech & Biomed Research Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haixia Yang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenhui Zhu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, Biotech & Biomed Research Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Hui Cao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Yujin Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Daidi Fan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, Biotech & Biomed Research Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianjun Deng
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, Biotech & Biomed Research Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
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Zhao X, Li J, Che Z, Xue L. Succession of the Bacterial Communities and Functional Characteristics in Sheep Manure Composting. Biology (Basel) 2022; 11:biology11081181. [PMID: 36009808 PMCID: PMC9404829 DOI: 10.3390/biology11081181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial community is a key factor affecting aerobic composting, and understanding bacterial community succession is important to revealing the mechanism of organic matter degradation. In this study, the succession and metabolic characteristics of bacterial communities were explored in 45 days composting of sheep manure and wheat straw by using high-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics tools, respectively. Results showed that the alpha diversity of bacterial community significantly decreased in the thermophilic (T2) phase and then recovered gradually in the bio-oxidative (T3) and the maturation (T4) phases. Bacterial communities varied at different stages, but there were 158 genera in common bacterial species. Unclassified_f_Bacillaceae, Oceanobacillus, Bacillus, Pseudogracilibacillus, and Nocardiopsis were identified as keystone bacterial genera. Eleven genera were significantly correlated (p < 0.05), or even extremely significantly correlated (p < 0.001), with the physicochemical factors. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that changes of bacterial community diversity correlated with physicochemical factors. The highest relative abundances were amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism among the metabolic groups in the compost. These results will provide theoretical support for further optimizing sheep manure composting conditions and improving the quality of organic fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Institute of Soil, Fertilizer and Water-Saving Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Juan Li
- Institute of Soil, Fertilizer and Water-Saving Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Zongxian Che
- Institute of Soil, Fertilizer and Water-Saving Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Correspondence: (Z.C.); (L.X.)
| | - Lingui Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Correspondence: (Z.C.); (L.X.)
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is strongly associated with difficulties in emotion regulation, but its relationships with maladaptive cognitive processes are less clear. METHOD The current study examined relationships between self-reported NSSI (presence, number of methods, frequency, recency, duration, functions) and negative cognitive processes (rumination, worry, self-criticism, perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness) among 1,357 undergraduates. Cognition variables were submitted to exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and relationships were examined between the resulting factors and NSSI history (among the full sample) and NSSI severity and functions (among those with a history of NSSI). RESULTS The EFA derived two higher order cognitive factors: repetitive negative thinking (RNT) and negative self-perception (NSP). Both RNT and NSP were significantly higher among participants with than those without a history of NSSI. Among those with NSSI, NSP, but not RNT, was positively related to lifetime NSSI frequency and number of methods, as well as recency (presence in the past 12 months) and total duration (in years) of NSSI engagement. Moreover, RNT and NSP were positively associated with aggregate intrapersonal (but not interpersonal) functions of NSSI. The two cognitive factors demonstrated differential relationships with the individual intrapersonal NSSI functions. CONCLUSIONS Higher order categories of cognitive risk factors may have unique relationships with functions and severity of NSSI, with possible implications for more targeted approaches to risk assessment and intervention.HighlightsNegative thinking and self-perception were higher in people who engage in NSSI.Negative self-perception was associated with greater NSSI severity.Negative thinking and self-perception had different relations to NSSI functions.
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Jiang M, Li X, Dong X, Zu Y, Zhan Z, Piao Z, Lang H. Research Advances and Prospects of Orphan Genes in Plants. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:947129. [PMID: 35874010 PMCID: PMC9305701 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.947129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Orphan genes (OGs) are defined as genes having no sequence similarity with genes present in other lineages. OGs have been regarded to play a key role in the development of lineage-specific adaptations and can also serve as a constant source of evolutionary novelty. These genes have often been found related to various stress responses, species-specific traits, special expression regulation, and also participate in primary substance metabolism. The advancement in sequencing tools and genome analysis methods has made the identification and characterization of OGs comparatively easier. In the study of OG functions in plants, significant progress has been made. We review recent advances in the fast evolving characteristics, expression modulation, and functional analysis of OGs with a focus on their role in plant biology. We also emphasize current challenges, adoptable strategies and discuss possible future directions of functional study of OGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Jiang
- School of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology College, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaonan Li
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiangshu Dong
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Ye Zu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zongxiang Zhan
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhongyun Piao
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hong Lang
- School of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology College, Jilin, China
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Li P, Zhang J, Liu X, Gan L, Xie Y, Zhang H, Si J. The Function and the Affecting Factors of the Zebrafish Gut Microbiota. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:903471. [PMID: 35722341 PMCID: PMC9201518 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.903471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota has become a topical issue in unraveling the research mechanisms underlying disease onset and progression. As an important and potential “organ,” gut microbiota plays an important role in regulating intestinal epithelial cell differentiation, proliferation, metabolic function and immune response, angiogenesis and host growth. More recently, zebrafish models have been used to study the interactions between gut microbiota and hosts. It has several advantages, such as short reproductive cycle, low rearing cost, transparent larvae, high genomic similarity to humans, and easy construction of germ-free (GF) and transgenic zebrafish. In our review, we reviewed a large amount of data focusing on the close relationship between gut microbiota and host health. Moreover, we outlined the functions of gut microbiota in regulating intestinal epithelial cell differentiation, intestinal epithelial cell proliferation, metabolic function, and immune response. More, we summarized major factors that can influence the composition, abundance, and diversity of gut microbiota, which will help us to understand the significance of gut microbiota in regulating host biological functions and provide options for maintaining the balance of host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinhua Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Liu
- College of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lu Gan
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, China
| | - Jing Si
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, China
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Anderson L, Houk P, Miller MGR, Cuetos-Bueno J, Graham C, Kanemoto K, Terk E, McLeod E, Beger M. Trait groups as management entities in a complex, multispecies reef fishery. Conserv Biol 2022; 36:e13866. [PMID: 34811801 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Localized stressors compound the ongoing climate-driven decline of coral reefs, requiring natural resource managers to work with rapidly shifting paradigms. Trait-based adaptive management (TBAM) is a new framework to help address changing conditions by choosing and implementing management actions specific to species groups that share key traits, vulnerabilities, and management responses. In TBAM maintenance of functioning ecosystems is balanced with provisioning for human subsistence and livelihoods. We first identified trait-based groups of food fish in a Pacific coral reef with hierarchical clustering. Positing that trait-based groups performing comparable functions respond similarly to both stressors and management actions, we ascertained biophysical and socioeconomic drivers of trait-group biomass and evaluated their vulnerabilities with generalized additive models. Clustering identified 7 trait groups from 131 species. Groups responded to different drivers and displayed divergent vulnerabilities; human activities emerged as important predictors of community structuring. Biomass of small, solitary reef-associated species increased with distance from key fishing ports, and large, solitary piscivores exhibited a decline in biomass with distance from a port. Group biomass also varied in response to different habitat types, the presence or absence of reported dynamite fishing activity, and exposure to wave energy. The differential vulnerabilities of trait groups revealed how the community structure of food fishes is driven by different aspects of resource use and habitat. This inherent variability in the responses of trait-based groups presents opportunities to apply selective TBAM strategies for complex, multispecies fisheries. This approach can be widely adjusted to suit local contexts and priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Anderson
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Peter Houk
- Marine Laboratory, University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam
| | - Mark G R Miller
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Javier Cuetos-Bueno
- Marine Laboratory, University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam
- The Nature Conservancy, Mangilao, Guam
| | - Curtis Graham
- Department of Marine Resources, Weno, Federated States of Micronesia
| | - Kriskitina Kanemoto
- FSM Ridge to Reef Program, Department of Marine Resources, Weno, Federated States of Micronesia
| | - Elizabeth Terk
- The Nature Conservancy, Kolonia, Federated States of Micronesia
| | | | - Maria Beger
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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Delmont TO, Gaia M, Hinsinger DD, Frémont P, Vanni C, Fernandez-Guerra A, Eren AM, Kourlaiev A, d'Agata L, Clayssen Q, Villar E, Labadie K, Cruaud C, Poulain J, Da Silva C, Wessner M, Noel B, Aury JM, de Vargas C, Bowler C, Karsenti E, Pelletier E, Wincker P, Jaillon O, Acinas SG, Bork P, Karsenti E, Bowler C, Sardet C, Stemmann L, de Vargas C, Wincker P, Lescot M, Babin M, Gorsky G, Grimsley N, Guidi L, Hingamp P, Jaillon O, Kandels S, Iudicone D, Ogata H, Pesant S, Sullivan MB, Not F, Lee KB, Boss E, Cochrane G, Follows M, Poulton N, Raes J, Sieracki M, Speich S. Functional repertoire convergence of distantly related eukaryotic plankton lineages abundant in the sunlit ocean. Cell Genom 2022; 2:100123. [PMID: 36778897 PMCID: PMC9903769 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2022.100123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Marine planktonic eukaryotes play critical roles in global biogeochemical cycles and climate. However, their poor representation in culture collections limits our understanding of the evolutionary history and genomic underpinnings of planktonic ecosystems. Here, we used 280 billion Tara Oceans metagenomic reads from polar, temperate, and tropical sunlit oceans to reconstruct and manually curate more than 700 abundant and widespread eukaryotic environmental genomes ranging from 10 Mbp to 1.3 Gbp. This genomic resource covers a wide range of poorly characterized eukaryotic lineages that complement long-standing contributions from culture collections while better representing plankton in the upper layer of the oceans. We performed the first, to our knowledge, comprehensive genome-wide functional classification of abundant unicellular eukaryotic plankton, revealing four major groups connecting distantly related lineages. Neither trophic modes of plankton nor its vertical evolutionary history could completely explain the functional repertoire convergence of major eukaryotic lineages that coexisted within oceanic currents for millions of years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom O. Delmont
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François-Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France,Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France,Corresponding author
| | - Morgan Gaia
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François-Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France,Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France
| | - Damien D. Hinsinger
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François-Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France,Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France
| | - Paul Frémont
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François-Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France,Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France
| | - Chiara Vanni
- Microbial Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Antonio Fernandez-Guerra
- Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A. Murat Eren
- Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity at Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Artem Kourlaiev
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François-Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France,Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France
| | - Leo d'Agata
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François-Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France,Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France
| | - Quentin Clayssen
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François-Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France,Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France
| | - Emilie Villar
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François-Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France
| | - Karine Labadie
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François-Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France,Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France
| | - Corinne Cruaud
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François-Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France,Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France
| | - Julie Poulain
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François-Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France,Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France
| | - Corinne Da Silva
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François-Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France,Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France
| | - Marc Wessner
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François-Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France,Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Noel
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François-Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France,Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marc Aury
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François-Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France,Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France
| | - Tara Oceans CoordinatorsSunagawaShinichi12AcinasSilvia G.13BorkPeer141516KarsentiEric171819BowlerChris1718SardetChristian1720StemmannLars1720de VargasColomban1721WinckerPatrick1722LescotMagali1723BabinMarcel1724GorskyGabriel1720GrimsleyNigel172526GuidiLionel1720HingampPascal1723JaillonOlivier1722KandelsStefanie1417IudiconeDaniele27OgataHiroyuki28PesantStéphane2930SullivanMatthew B.313233NotFabrice21LeeKarp-Boss34BossEmmanuel34CochraneGuy35FollowsMichael36PoultonNicole37RaesJeroen383940SierackiMike37SpeichSabrina4142Department of Biology, Institute of Microbiology and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, EtH Zürich, Zürich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Marine Biology and Oceanography, Institute of Marine Sciences–CsiC, Barcelona, SpainStructural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, GermanyMax Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, GermanyResearch Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara GOsee, Paris, FranceInstitut de Biologie de l’ENS, Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, FranceDirectors’ Research, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, GermanySorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire D’Océanographie de Villefranche, Villefranche- sur- Mer, FranceSorbonne Université and CNRS, UMR 7144 (AD2M), ECOMAP, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, FranceGénomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut de Biologie Francois Jacob, Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique, CNrs, Université Evry, Université Paris- Saclay, Evry, FranceAix Marseille Universit/e, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO UM 110, Marseille, FranceDépartement de Biologie, Québec Océan and Takuvik Joint International Laboratory (UMI 3376), Université Laval (Canada)–CNRS (France), Université Laval, Quebec, QC, CanadaCNRS UMR 7232, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, Banyuls- sur- Mer, FranceSorbonne Universités Paris 06, OOB UPMC, Banyuls- sur- Mer, FranceStazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, ItalyInstitute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, JapanPaNGaea, University of Bremen, Bremen, GermanyMaruM, Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, GermanyDepartment of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USADepartment of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USACenter for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USASchool of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USAEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Welcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UKDepartment of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USABigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, East Boothbay, ME, USADepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumCenter for the Biology of Disease, VIB KU Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumDepartment of Applied Biological Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, BelgiumDepartment of Geosciences, Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique, École Normale Supérieure, Paris, FranceOcean Physics Laboratory, University of Western Brittany, Brest, France
| | - Colomban de Vargas
- Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France,Sorbonne Université and CNRS, UMR 7144 (AD2M), ECOMAP, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, France
| | - Chris Bowler
- Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France,Institut de Biologie de l’ENS, Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Eric Karsenti
- Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France,Sorbonne Université and CNRS, UMR 7144 (AD2M), ECOMAP, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, France,Directors’ Research, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eric Pelletier
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François-Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France,Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France
| | - Patrick Wincker
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François-Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France,Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France
| | - Olivier Jaillon
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François-Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France,Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France
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48
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Afzaal A, Rehman K, Kamal S, Akash MSH. Versatile role of sirtuins in metabolic disorders: From modulation of mitochondrial function to therapeutic interventions. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23047. [PMID: 35297126 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRT1-7) are distinct histone deacetylases (HDACs) whose activity is determined by cellular metabolic status andnicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+ ) levels. HDACs of class III are the members of the SIRT's protein family. SIRTs are the enzymes that modulate mitochondrial activity and energy metabolism. SIRTs have been linked to a number of clinical and physiological operations, such as energy responses to low-calorie availability, aging, stress resistance, inflammation, and apoptosis. Mammalian SIRT2 orthologs have been identified as SIRT1-7 that are found in several subcellular sections, including the cytoplasm (SIRT1, 2), mitochondrial matrix (SIRT3, 4, 5), and the core (SIRT1, 2, 6, 7). For their deacetylase or ADP-ribosyl transferase action, all SIRTs require NAD+ and are linked to cellular energy levels. Evolutionarily, SIRT1 is related to yeast's SIRT2 as well as received primary attention in the circulatory system. An endogenous protein, SIRT1 is involved in the development of heart failure and plays a key role in cell death and survival. SIRT2 downregulation protects against ischemic-reperfusion damage. Increase in human longevity is caused by an increase in SIRT3 expression. Cardiomyocytes are also protected by SIRT3 from oxidative damage and aging, as well as suppressing cardiac hypertrophy. SIRT4 and SIRT5 perform their roles in the heart. SIRT6 has also been linked to a reduction in heart hypertrophy. SIRT7 is known to be involved in the regulation of stress responses and apoptosis in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammara Afzaal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shagufta Kamal
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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49
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Shuli Z, Linlin L, Li G, Yinghu Z, Nan S, Haibin W, Hongyu X. Bioinformatics and Computer Simulation approaches to the discovery and analysis of Bioactive Peptides. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2022; 23:1541-1555. [PMID: 34994325 DOI: 10.2174/1389201023666220106161016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The traditional process of separating and purifying bioactive peptides is laborious and time-consuming. Using a traditional process to identify is difficult, and there is a lack of fast and accurate activity evaluation methods. How to extract bioactive peptides quickly and efficiently is still the focus of bioactive peptides research. In order to improve the present situation of the research, bioinformatics techniques and peptidome methods are widely used in this field. At the same time, bioactive peptides have their own specific pharmacokinetic characteristics, so computer simulation methods have incomparable advantages in studying the pharmacokinetics and pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic correlation models of bioactive peptides. The purpose of this review is to summarize the combined applications of bioinformatics and computer simulation methods in the study of bioactive peptides, with focuses on the role of bioinformatics in simulating the selection of enzymatic hydrolysis and precursor proteins, activity prediction, molecular docking, physicochemical properties, and molecular dynamics. Our review shows that new bioactive peptide molecular sequences with high activity can be obtained by computer-aided design. The significance of the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic correlation model in the study of bioactive peptides is emphasized. Finally, some problems and future development potential of bioactive peptides binding new technologies are prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Shuli
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030051, China
| | - Liu Linlin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030051, China
| | - Gao Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030051, China
| | - Zhao Yinghu
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030051, China
| | - Shi Nan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030051, China
| | - Wang Haibin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030051, China
| | - Xu Hongyu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030051, China
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50
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Chengo R, Esho T, Kuria S, Kimani S, Indalo D, Kamanzi L, Mouhamed B, Wabwire A, Camara K, Kapsandui T, Kagurusi P, Nankanja M, Oele G, Osur J. A Situation Assessment of Community Health Workers' Preparedness in Supporting Health System Response to COVID-19 in Kenya, Senegal, and Uganda. J Prim Care Community Health 2022; 13:21501319211073415. [PMID: 35356847 PMCID: PMC8977686 DOI: 10.1177/21501319211073415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused socio-economic disruptions across the
globe. The pandemic disrupted the health system (HS) calling for
reengineering in response to high infection rates, deaths, and resultant
containment measures. To deal with COVID-19 and promote resilience,
community health workers (CHWs) were engaged across countries. Objective: Assess the preparedness of CHWs in supporting health system response in
prevention and management of COVID-19 in Kenya, Senegal, and Uganda. Methods: A mixed methods design study involving national and subnational jurisdictions
in the 3 countries. Key informant interviews were conducted with policy
actors (16) and health care workers (24) while in-depth interviews involved
CHWs (14) and community members (312) subjected to survey interviews. Results: Most (>50%) households survived on <USD 100/month during COVID-19
announced in March 2020 through national TV (57%), FM (42%), and radio
station (27%). Community members interactions with CHWs increased during the
pandemic through home visits as health educators, basic counseling providers
and distributors of pandemic information tools, personal protective
equipments, and social support commodities. The CHWs faced challenges during
pandemic prevention and management including lack of: protective gear,
salary, refresher courses, and identification tools; limited supervision and
training; hostile reception during home visits; misconception and
politicking about the pandemic. To effectively support prevention and manage
of COVID-19, priority needs for CHWs were identified namely: provision of
resources, protective gear, transport reimbursement, stipends,
identification cards, and tools for recording and reporting; empowerment
with adequate skills, trainings on provision of psychosocial support, first
aid, and sensitization on policies. Conclusion: COVID-19 linked disruptions to optimal functioning of HS necessitated
engagement of CHWs in the pandemic prevention and management. Findings
underscore the important role CHWs play in supporting HS during crisis like
COVID-19 to mitigate disruptions and stabilize the system for effective
response. The CHWs can improve resilience of social and HS during unplanned
disruptions for optimal functioning and attainment of universal health care.
Policy makers should develop structured mechanisms for engaging CHWs while
committing resources to address challenges that affect seamless synergy
between health and CHWs Systems.
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