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Santos ELR, Silva O, Oliveira-Lima JD, Camargo-Mathias MI. Sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate (SDBS) present in detergents: action on the gills, skin, and blood of D. rerio fish. Xenobiotica 2024; 54:150-159. [PMID: 38330245 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2024.2316646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
1. Sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate (SDBS) is one of the surfactants used worldwide in detergents which, due to high residual discharges, has great potential to cause ecotoxicological impacts. Therefore, the sublethal effects of SDBS on the gills and skin of male Danio rerio fish were investigated. 2. The fish were distributed into three groups: GC (control), GT1 (0.25 mg/L of SDBS), and GT2 (0.5 mg/L of SDBS) and exposed for 21 days. After the experiment, histopathological analyses of the gills, histochemical analyses (counting of mucous cells), and biochemical analyses (antioxidant defense enzyme analysis, SOD, and CAT) were conducted. 3. A significant increase (p < 0.05) in the incidence of circulatory disorders, progressive, and regressive alterations occurred in the GT1 and GT2 groups. Due to these changes, the total histopathological index of the gills was higher in these groups. Mucous cells in the gills and skin increased. There was an increase in SOD activity and a reduction in CAT activity in these groups. Haematology revealed neutrophilia and lymphocytosis in the blood of GT1 and GT2. 4. The results clearly demonstrate that a 21-day exposure to SDBS causes severe morphophysiological damage to the gills, skin, and blood of D. rerio fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Libanio Reis Santos
- Department of General and Applied Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (Unesp), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Odaiza Silva
- Department of General and Applied Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (Unesp), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jeffesson de Oliveira-Lima
- Faculty of Medicine of Universidade de Gurupi (UnirG), Rua Pará, Paraíso do Tocantins, Tocantins, Brazil
| | - Maria Izabel Camargo-Mathias
- Department of General and Applied Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (Unesp), São Paulo, Brazil
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Rosa KD, Beatriz Limberger L, de Queiroz Fischer M, Dos Santos C, Reuter CP, Dallazem Bertol C, André Horta J, Franke SIR, Prá D. Anaemia among school children of different socioeconomical status in a city of Southern Brazil. Ann Hum Biol 2024; 51:1-7. [PMID: 38251840 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2023.2298473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Background: Iron deficiency is one of the leading causes of anaemia, with those most affected being children and women of childbearing age, in Brazil there is a scarcity of studies involving the local prevalence of anaemia. Aim: To evaluate anaemia and associated factors in schoolchildren in Santa Cruz do Sul through the analysis of biochemical and haematological markers and parasitological examination of faeces. Subjects and methods: School children from 10 to 12 years of age were evaluated through complete blood count, serum ferritin, C-reactive protein and stool parasitological examination, as well as socio-demographic characteristics and prophylaxis with ferrous sulphate in childhood. Results: It was found that 13.0% of the population was anaemic, girls were very slightly overrepresented among the anaemic children. Only 5.3% had altered haematocrit levels; 26.6% had low Mean Corpuscular Volume levels; 18.4% had low ferritin levels; 2.4% had increased C-reactive protein levels, and 21.7% had altered eosinophils. As for the socioeconomic level, classes A2 and D presented lower haemoglobin levels, as well as class D presenting lower ferritin levels, although without statistical significance. Only 6.0% of the population presented iron-deficiency anaemia and 46.0% of the schoolchildren had used ferrous sulphate supplementation in childhood. Conclusion: The prevalence of anaemia in the studied municipality is low, probably due to the high municipal human development index. Epidemiological studies are essential to characterise the population in a systematic form, to prevent future problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karini da Rosa
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Envelhecimento Humano, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | - Luana Beatriz Limberger
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Promoção da Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil
| | - Maiara de Queiroz Fischer
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Promoção da Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil
| | - Caroline Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Promoção da Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cézane Priscila Reuter
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Promoção da Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil
| | - Charise Dallazem Bertol
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Envelhecimento Humano, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | - Jorge André Horta
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Promoção da Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil
| | - Silvia Isabel Rech Franke
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Promoção da Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil
| | - Daniel Prá
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Promoção da Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil
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Sharma K, Koundal S, Singh M, Chadha P, Saini HS. Impact of untreated and microbially treated equalization tank effluent of textile industry on freshwater fish Channa punctata using haematological, biochemical, histopathological and ultrastructural analysis. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfad118. [PMID: 38179002 PMCID: PMC10762675 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The unregulated expulsion of untreated or partially treated industrial effluents poses serious threat to the aquatic ecosystem. Therefore, in the present study fish Channa punctata were exposed to untreated and microbially treated equalization tank effluent of textile industry and toxicity studies were carried out for 45 days. The study was planned to analyze the toxicity proffered by textile effluents through haematological, biochemical, histopathological and ultrastructural analysis in blood, liver and gill tissues of fish. While comparing untreated and microbially treated effluent exposed groups haematological parameters were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) less in the untreated effluent exposed group whereas White blood cell count was highly escalated. However, in the microbially treated groups, the alterations were less severe. Increased malondialdehyde content indicating oxidative stress, reduced Catalase (CAT) and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity showing a weakened antioxidant defence system and increased glutathione activity was also perceived in untreated effluent exposed groups in comparison to microbially treated groups. Histopathological alterations in gill (telangiectasia, lamellae fusion, breakage, vacuolization and bending of lamellae) and liver (sinusoid dilations, fusion, necrosis and congestion) were more pronounced and severe in the untreated effluent exposed group as compared to microbially treated group. The results observed in histopathology were further reaffirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The study clearly highlights less alterations and deformities in microbially treated effluent groups in comparison to untreated effluent groups. These findings, therefore, necessitate the search for more effective microbial inocula for the better treatment of effluents in order to protect the aquatic life as well as human beings. Highlights Channa punctata exposed for 15, 30 and 45 days to untreated and microbially treated equalization tank effluent of textile industry.Untreated and microbially treated effluent exposed fish elicited alterations in blood, liver and gill tissuesHaematology, biochemical, histopathology and ultrastructural analysis resulted in massive pathologies in groups subjected to untreated effluent inducing maximum damage after 45 days of exposure.Less pronounced toxicity in fish C. punctata was observed in fish exposed to microbially treated effluent indicating its efficacy in toxicity reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushboo Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, PB 143005, India
| | - Satish Koundal
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, PB 143005, India
| | - Mandeep Singh
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, PB 143005, India
| | - Pooja Chadha
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, PB 143005, India
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Leung KKY, Ho PL, Wong SCY, Chan WYK, Hon KLE. Prevalence and Outcomes of Infections in Critically-ill Paediatric Oncology Patients: A Retrospective Observation Study. Curr Pediatr Rev 2024; 20:CPR-EPUB-137764. [PMID: 38275025 DOI: 10.2174/0115733963264717231208114248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The survival of paediatric oncology patients has improved substantially in the past decades due to advances in the field of oncology. Modern cancer treatments often come with life-threatening complications, of which infection is one of the most common causes in this patient population. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and outcomes of common infections in haemato-oncology patients during their stay in paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and to identify any factors associated with these infections. METHODS A retrospective observational study was conducted on all children with a haemato-oncology diagnosis or who underwent haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and who were admitted to the Hong Kong Children's Hospital PICU over a one-year period. Infection characteristics and patient outcomes were evaluated and compared between different sub-groups. Univariable and multi-variable analyses were employed to identify risk factors associated with the development of active infection. RESULTS Forty-five (36.3%) of 124 critically ill haemato-oncology admissions to PICU were associated with infections, of which 31 (25%) admissions involved bacterial infections, 26 (20.9%) involved viral infections and 6 (4.8%) involved fungal infections. Bloodstream infection was the most common type of infection. More than half (61.3%) of the bacterial infections were due to an antibiotic-resistant strain. After adjusting for confounding variables, post-HSCT status and neutropenia were significantly associated with active infections. CONCLUSION Infections in critically-ill haemato-oncological patients are associated with post haematopoietic stem cell transplant status and neutropenia. Further study is warranted to review effective strategies that may mitigate the likelihood of infection in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen K Y Leung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pak Leung Ho
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, China
- Carol Yu Centre for Infection, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sally C Y Wong
- Department of Microbiology, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wilson Y K Chan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kam Lun Ellis Hon
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong, China
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Fyfe R, Anstis O, Kapadia K, Jordan M, Sword DO, Weinkove R. Experiences and perspectives on chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy among recipients, carers and referrers (RE-TELL): a qualitative study to inform CAR T-cell service design. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e071112. [PMID: 38262637 PMCID: PMC10824048 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-071112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES RE-TELL is a qualitative study, which aims to understand patient, support person, clinician and coordinator experiences and perspectives of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, to inform design of a clinical CAR T-cell service in Aotearoa New Zealand. DESIGN Semistructured qualitative interviews focused on domains of: experience through treatment, elements that work well and those that could be improved on. Interviews used thematic analysis to identify key themes. A workshop was held to obtain participants' reflections on interim analysis and proposed improvements. PARTICIPANTS New Zealanders with experience of CAR T-cell therapy, including recipients, support persons, clinicians and coordinators. RESULTS We interviewed 19 participants comprising 5 CAR T-cell recipients, 3 support persons, 6 clinicians and 5 coordinators. Four participants identified as Māori. Thematic analysis identified three global themes. The first, 'sociocultural factors impact CAR T access', identified potential sources of inequity including geographic, financial and informed consent barriers. The second, 'varying emotions, roles and enablers', identified an easier treatment experience compared with alternatives; an underwhelming cell administration process; frustration with inpatient monitoring; burden on support persons and importance of 'bridge' organisations such as charities and patient support groups. Lastly, 'golden opportunities: reimagining CAR T service delivery', suggested: improved geographical access to CAR T-cell therapy, while retaining consolidated clinician experience; a 'dashboard' with information on CAR T-cell treatment, time frames and manufacture; a health navigator to co-ordinate non-medical aspects of treatment and signpost care; embedding of indigenous data sovereignty and ownership of cells; a cell infusion ceremony, incorporating family involvement and Māori cultural elements and outpatient administration and monitoring where possible. CONCLUSION This study documented the current experience of New Zealanders receiving CAR T-cell therapy and identified opportunities for future service development. These insights are relevant to service design within Aotearoa New Zealand, and other countries developing equitable CAR T-cell services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Fyfe
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
- Te Herenga Waka - Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Olivia Anstis
- Health Advisory, Deloitte Limited, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Mallory Jordan
- Health Advisory, Deloitte Limited, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Robert Weinkove
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
- Te Rerenga Ora Blood & Cancer Centre, Te Whatu Ora Health New Zealand Capital Coast and Hutt Valley, Wellington, New Zealand
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Carpenter C, O' Farrell A, Ní Áinle F, Ní Cheallaigh C, Kevane B. Retrospective cross-sectional analysis of concurrent VTE diagnosis in hospitalised socially excluded individuals in Ireland. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e073718. [PMID: 38216204 PMCID: PMC10806692 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Social exclusion (such as that experienced by people who are homeless, incarcerated or use drugs) increases morbidity across a range of diseases but is poorly captured in routine data sets. The aim of this study was to use a novel composite variable in a national-level hospital usage dataset to identify social exclusion and to determine whether social exclusion is associated with concurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) in hospitalised patients in Ireland. Identifying and characterising this association in people who are socially excluded will inform VTE prevention and treatment strategies. DESIGN Retrospective cross-sectional study. SETTING Irish Hospital Inpatient Enquiry (HIPE) system, which collects diagnostic information by International Classification of Diseases Tenth Revision code on all hospital admission episodes in the Ireland. PARTICIPANTS All hospital admission episodes involving a VTE diagnosis (in a primary 'Dx 1' or secondary 'Dx 2-30' coding position) during a 12-month period in the Ireland were identified from consolidated, national-level datasets derived from the Irish HIPE system. Social exclusion was defined as the presence of one or more indicators of homelessness, drug use, incarceration, health hazards due to socioeconomic status or episodes of healthcare terminated prematurely. RESULTS Of 5701 admission episodes involving a VTE diagnosis (in a primary or secondary position) during the study period, 271 (4.8%) related to an individual affected by social exclusion. Among hospitalised individuals identified as being socially excluded based on the novel composite variable, the likelihood of having a concurrent VTE diagnosis was over twofold greater than that observed in the general population (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.79 to 2.26; p<0.001). CONCLUSION These data suggest that VTE (primary and secondary) is over-represented in hospitalised socially excluded persons in Ireland and that the development of strategies to address this potentially life-threatening accompanying condition in this vulnerable patient group must be prioritised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Carpenter
- Irish Network for VTE Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anne O' Farrell
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Health Intelligence Unit, HSE, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fionnuala Ní Áinle
- Irish Network for VTE Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Clíona Ní Cheallaigh
- School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- Inclusion Health Service, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Barry Kevane
- Irish Network for VTE Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Cloesmeijer ME, Janssen A, Koopman SF, Cnossen MH, Mathôt RAA. ChatGPT in pharmacometrics? Potential opportunities and limitations. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2024; 90:360-365. [PMID: 37621112 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential of using ChatGPT in pharmacometrics was explored in this study, with a focus on developing a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model for standard half-life factor VIII. Our results demonstrated that ChatGPT can be utilized to accurately obtain typical PK parameters from literature, generate a population PK model in R and develop an interactive Shiny application to visualize the results. ChatGPT's language generation capabilities enabled the development of R codes with minimal programming knowledge and helped to identify as well fix errors in the code. While ChatGPT presents several advantages, such as its ability to streamline the development process, its use in pharmacometrics also has limitations and challenges, including the accuracy and reliability of AI-generated data, the lack of transparency and reproducibility regarding codes generated by ChatGPT. Overall, our study demonstrates the potential of using ChatGPT in pharmacometrics, but researchers must carefully evaluate its use for their specific needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Cloesmeijer
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy - Clinical Pharmacology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Janssen
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy - Clinical Pharmacology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd F Koopman
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy - Clinical Pharmacology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjon H Cnossen
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Erasmus University Medical Center - Sophia Children's Hospital Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ron A A Mathôt
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy - Clinical Pharmacology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Cai L, Chen H, Wei Y, Guo X, Zheng H, Jiang X, Zhang Y, Yu G, Dai M, Ye J, Zhou H, Xu D, Huang F, Fan Z, Xu N, Shi P, Xuan L, Feng R, Liu X, Sun J, Liu Q, Wei X. Changing epidemiology, microbiology and mortality of bloodstream infections in patients with haematological malignancies before and during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a retrospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e078510. [PMID: 38159939 PMCID: PMC10759088 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-078510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was to explore the changes in bacterial bloodstream infection (BSI) in patients with haematological malignancies (HMs) before and during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study between 2018 and 2021. SETTING The largest haematological centre in southern China. RESULTS A total of 599 episodes of BSI occurring in 22 717 inpatients from January 2018 to December 2021 were analysed. The frequencies of the total, Gram-negative and Gram-positive BSI before and during the pandemic were 2.90% versus 2.35% (p=0.011), 2.49% versus 1.77% (p<0.001) and 0.27% versus 0.44% (p=0.027), respectively. The main isolates from Gram-negative or Gram-positive BSI and susceptibility profiles also changed. The 30-day mortality caused by BSI was lower during the pandemic (21.1% vs 14.3%, p=0.043). Multivariate analysis revealed that disease status, pulmonary infection and shock were independent predictors of 30-day mortality. CONCLUSION Our data showed that the incidence of total and Gram-negative organisms BSI decreased, but Gram-positive BSI incidence increased in patients with HMs during the pandemic along with the changes of main isolates and susceptibility profiles. Although the 30-day mortality due to BSI was lower during the pandemic, the new infection prevention strategy should be considered for any future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjing Cai
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Center of Hematological Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Center of Hematological Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongqiang Wei
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Center of Hematological Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xutao Guo
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Center of Hematological Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiqing Zheng
- Nosocomial Infection Management, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuejie Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Center of Hematological Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Center of Hematological Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guopan Yu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Center of Hematological Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Dai
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Center of Hematological Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieyu Ye
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Center of Hematological Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongsheng Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Center of Hematological Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Center of Hematological Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fen Huang
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Center of Hematological Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiping Fan
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Center of Hematological Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Na Xu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Center of Hematological Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengcheng Shi
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Center of Hematological Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Xuan
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Center of Hematological Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ru Feng
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Center of Hematological Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Center of Hematological Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Center of Hematological Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qifa Liu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Center of Hematological Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolei Wei
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Clinical Medical Research Center of Hematological Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
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Aldakheel FM, Alshanqiti MA, Alduraywish SA, Alshammary AF, Dabwan KH, Syed R. Clinical Assessment of Cytokine Profiles and Haematological Parameters in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Cross-Sectional Study from Saudi Arabia. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2023; 28:358. [PMID: 38179775 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2812358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-related hematological disorders have different pathogenic mechanisms involving immune dysregulation as well as microangiopathy. The current study aimed to assess the relationship between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and SLE-related hematological abnormalities for Saudi Patients. METHODS The current cross-sectional study including 140 participants was performed at the Prince Mohammad bin Abdulaziz Hospital (PMAH), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Two blood samples were collected from each of the study participants for evaluation of the haematological indices including complete blood count (CBC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and cytokine profile (i.e., tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10)). Statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) software, v25. RESULTS Haematological abnormalities were documented in 63% of SLE patients, and anaemia was the highest at 52%. Haemoglobin levels were found to be significantly lower among SLE patients compared to the controls (p < 0.001). In the cytokine profiles, the levels of TNF-α (p < 0.001), IL-6 (p < 0.001), and IL-10 (p = 0.009) were significantly higher among SLE patients compared to the controls. A positive correlation was also identified between TNF-α, platelet count, red cell distribution width (RDW), and ESR. CONCLUSIONS Haematological abnormalities were found to be the most common among SLE patients. Further, the correlation between cytokine profile and haematological indices indicates the influence of cytokines in the development of haematological abnormalities. Understanding hematological abnormalities and cytokines' role in the pathogenesis of these abnormalities may aid in the early diagnosis and development of more specific SLE disease therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad M Aldakheel
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, 11433 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muwaffaq A Alshanqiti
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, 11433 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shatha A Alduraywish
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, 4545 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal F Alshammary
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, 11433 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled H Dabwan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, 11433 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabbani Syed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Zhu S, Yin J, Luo Y, Chen Y, Lin Z, Fu X, Li H, Su H. Clinical experience using peripheral blood parameters to analyse the mutation type of thalassemia carriers in pregnant women. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2023; 43:2195490. [PMID: 37038923 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2023.2195490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Thalassaemia is a typically monogenic disease caused by mutations or deletions in the globin gene and has a high prevalence in southern China. Prenatal screening for thalassaemia can be effective in reducing the incidence of thalassaemia. Haematologic parameters of pregnant thalassaemia carriers are diverse and potentially valuable for identifying different types of genotypes. By comparing and evaluating haematological parameters, formulas in the literature, we tried to reveal differences between pregnant women carrying different types of thalassaemia genes. The Mentzer formula (MCV/RBC) showed a strong ability to differentiate thalassaemia genotypes in pregnant women. In addition, combined with haemoglobin electrophoresis HbA2 can further distinguish the -α/αα, αTα/αα, -/αα, β+/N and β0/N groups. HbA2 divides them into two groups. Based on the Mentzer formula, we can further decide which type of thalassaemia to screen (α/β and the subgroups) for genotyping. Therefore, this simpler and more cost-effective workflow has great potential for application in screening pregnant women for thalassaemia carriers.Impact StatementWhat is already known on this subject? Currently, it is known that thalassaemia gene carriers have abnormal blood indicators. Many findings describe their important values in distinguishing thalassaemia and other blood diseases. They combined different metrics as an algorithm to distinguish thalassaemia and iron deficiency anaemia. Prenatal screening is an effective method to reduce the incidence of thalassaemia. The current main method is PCR. Due to technical and financial constraints, many backward places cannot use this technology. The necessity for prenatal screening for thalassaemia has been overlooked.What the results of this study add? Among these algorithms, Mentzer formula revealed differences in haematological parameters during pregnancy between normal individuals and thalassaemia carriers. Combining the HbA2, thalassaemia carriers can be distinguished from normal individuals, including -α/αα, αTα/αα, -/αα, β0/N and β+/N.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? We provide another tool for these hospitals that donot have Hb electrophoresis test and PCR. Then the clinical doctor can get some evidence and suggest women go to another big hospital for essential tests. It is an excellent suggestion. In the future, we will collect more specific gene types and further investigate their potential relationship using these formulas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songshan Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, PR China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, PR China
| | - Yu Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, PR China
| | - Yanyun Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, PR China
| | - Zhongyuan Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, PR China
| | - Xiafei Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, PR China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangbing Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, PR China
| | - Hangjiu Su
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, PR China
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11
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Bak GG, Micklethwaite K, Maddock K, Coggins A. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy: Prospective observational study of unplanned emergency department presentations. Emerg Med Australas 2023; 35:1034-1037. [PMID: 37669879 DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.14300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy is an emerging treatment for refractory hematologic malignancy. Unplanned ED presentations following CAR-T present the increasing need for an integrated model of care that allows for the early recognition of its specific complications. METHODS This is a prospective observational study at a tertiary centre. CAR-T patients (n = 17) were universally enrolled into a study registry by treating providers. These patients were flagged by investigators to trigger a pop-up notification CAR-T information warning at ED triage. Medical records were reviewed 90 days for unplanned presentations, complications and patient-oriented outcomes. RESULTS Patients receiving CAR-T frequently encountered toxicity within 7 days of therapy. This was typically mild and occurred in an inpatient setting. Medical record review revealed five unplanned ED presentations (that were recognised as post CAR-T) and not directly attributable to specific toxicities. CONCLUSION If CAR-T therapy is to be used more widely especially in an outpatient model of care, a standardised ED model of care for recognition of specific complications is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace G Bak
- Department of General Medicine, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kenneth Micklethwaite
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karen Maddock
- Department of Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew Coggins
- Simulated Learning Environment for Clinical Training, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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12
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Bennis R, Mullier F, Saussoy P. [Evaluation of blood cell morphology with the RBC Advanced Application: Which cut-offs are most needed for which specific abnormalities?]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2023; 81:abc.2023.1837. [PMID: 38018848 DOI: 10.1684/abc.2023.1837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
The detection of erythrocyte morphological abnormalities is a valuable and sometimes overlooked element in the diagnostic management of anemias. The aim of this article is to evaluate the clinical performance of the different detection thresholds tested by our laboratory using the Cellavision RBC Advanced module, after manual reclassification by an experienced operator, and comparing them to the guidelines by the ICSH (International Council for Standardization in Haematology). We arbitrarily set thresholds at 1% for "critical" abnormalities (tear drop cells, target cells, schizocytes and spherocytes) except for sickle cells (threshold set at 0.01%). Our data show excellent sensitivity of 100% for the cut-offs defined by the investigation for tear drop cells and sickle cells, but low specificity for detection of associated clinical pathology compared with ICSH cut-offs, varying from 4% for teardrop cells (detection of myelofibrosis), 26% for target cells (detection of martial deficiency) to 55% for schizyocytes (presence of hemolytic anemia). Our results show a better specificity of the thresholds established by ICSH than our studied thresholds for the detection of the pathologies of concern, suggesting a better clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhita Bennis
- Laboratory of Haematology, Université Catholique de Louvain, 10 avenue de Hippocrate, Bruxelles 1200, Belgique
| | - Francois Mullier
- Laboratoire d'hématologie, CHU UCL Namur, Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgique
| | - Pascale Saussoy
- Laboratory of Haematology, Université Catholique de Louvain, 10 avenue de Hippocrate, Bruxelles 1200, Belgique
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13
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Ayala L, Sánchez CJ, Hernández F, Madrid J, López MJ, Martínez-Miró S. A Comparison of Haematological and Biochemical Profiles between Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Normal Piglets at 72 Hours Postpartum. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3540. [PMID: 38003158 PMCID: PMC10668781 DOI: 10.3390/ani13223540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction in piglets has been a problem in the pig industry due to genetic selection based on hyperprolificacy. This has led to an increase in the number of underweight piglets and a worsening of the survival rate. The goal of this study was to enhance the knowledge of differences between normal and IUGR piglets a few hours after birth in terms of haematological variables, biochemical parameters, and immunoglobulin levels. Two groups of 20 piglets each were assessed. The control group (N) was made up of piglets with weights greater than 1500 g, and the IUGR group consisted of piglets weighing 500-1000 g and with at least two IUGR features. Blood samples were collected 72 h after birth for analysis of the red and white blood cell parameters, reticulocyte indices, platelet indices, biochemical parameters, and immunoglobulin levels. Alterations in red blood cells and reticulocytes, a lower lymphocyte count, hyperinsulinemia, and high oxidative stress were observed in IUGR piglets (p < 0.05). In contrast, differences were not observed (p > 0.05) in the serum immunoglobulin level. It can be concluded that the haematological and biochemical differences in IUGR piglets with respect to normal-weight piglets are present at birth indicating possible alterations in immunity, metabolism, and redox status; therefore, IUGR piglets could be more vulnerable to illness and future disorders, such as metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Silvia Martínez-Miró
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (L.A.); (C.J.S.); (F.H.); (J.M.); (M.J.L.)
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14
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Boutouchent N, Souissi M, Buchonnet G, Quillard M, Bobée V. [Severe thrombopenia with iron deficiency anemia: about a case and literature review]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2023; 0:abc.2023.1833. [PMID: 37987257 DOI: 10.1684/abc.2023.1833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency is the leading cause of anemia worldwide, affecting approximately 600 million individuals. Once established, it typically manifests as a hypochromic microcytic anemia, the severity of which varies depending on the degree of deficiency. This anemia is frequently associated with thrombocytosis, but the presence of associated thrombocytopenia is much rarer. Here, we report a case of severe iron deficiency with an atypical presentation of bicytopenia, involving both severe anemia and profound thrombocytopenia, which rapidly resolved following iron supplementation. We then discuss the hypotheses that exist to explain the link between iron deficiency and regulation of thrombopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassim Boutouchent
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU de Rouen, 1 rue de Germont 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Maïssa Souissi
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU de Rouen, 1 rue de Germont 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Gérard Buchonnet
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU de Rouen, 1 rue de Germont 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Muriel Quillard
- Laboratoire de Biochimie générale, CHU de Rouen, 1 rue de Germont 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Victor Bobée
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU de Rouen, 1 rue de Germont 76000 Rouen, France
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15
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Larsson SM, Ulinder T, Rakow A, Vanpee M, Wackernagel D, Sävman K, Hansen-Pupp I, Hellström A, Ley D, Andersson O. Hyper high haemoglobin content in red blood cells and erythropoietic transitions postnatally in infants of 22 to 26 weeks' gestation: a prospective cohort study. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2023; 108:612-616. [PMID: 37169579 PMCID: PMC10646872 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2022-325248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Blood cell populations, including red blood cells (RBC) unique to the extremely preterm (EPT) infant, are potentially lost due to frequent clinical blood sampling during neonatal intensive care. Currently, neonatal RBC population heterogeneity is not described by measurement of total haemoglobin or haematocrit. We therefore aimed to describe a subpopulation of large RBCs with hyper high haemoglobin content, >49 pg (Hyper-He) following EPT birth. DESIGN Prospective observational cohort study. SETTING Two Swedish study centres. PARTICIPANTS Infants (n=62) born between gestational weeks 22+0 to 26+6. METHODS Prospective data (n=280) were collected from March 2020 to September 2022 as part of an ongoing randomised controlled trial. Blood was sampled from the umbilical cord, at postnatal day 1-14, 1 month, 40 weeks' postmenstrual age and at 3 months' corrected age. RESULTS At birth, there was a considerable inter-individual variation; Hyper-He ranging from 1.5% to 24.9% (median 7.0%). An inverse association with birth weight and gestational age was observed; Spearman's rho (CI) -0.38 (-0.63 to -0.07) and -0.39 (-0.65 to -0.05), respectively. Overall, Hyper-He rapidly decreased, only 0.6%-5.0% (median 2.2%) remaining 2 weeks postnatally. Adult levels (<1%) were reached at corresponding term age. CONCLUSION Our results point to gestational age and birth weight-dependent properties of the RBC population. Future work needs to verify results by different measurement techniques and elucidate the potential role of differing properties between endogenous and transfused RBCs in relation to neonatal morbidities during this important time frame of child development. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04239690.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Marie Larsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Paediatrics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Hospital of Halland, Varberg/Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Tommy Ulinder
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Paediatrics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Neonatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden
| | - Alexander Rakow
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mireille Vanpee
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dirk Wackernagel
- Department for Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neonatology, Johannes von Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Karin Sävman
- Department of Paediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Hansen-Pupp
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Paediatrics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Neonatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ann Hellström
- The Sahlgrenska Centre for Paediatric Ophtalmology Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - David Ley
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Paediatrics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Neonatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ola Andersson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Paediatrics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Neonatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden
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16
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Schrijver IT, Kalikmanov‐Mikhaylovskaya E, Sandberg Y. Primary plasma cell leukaemia presenting as unilateral proptosis. EJHaem 2023; 4:1172-1173. [PMID: 38024621 PMCID: PMC10660385 DOI: 10.1002/jha2.809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Irene T. Schrijver
- Department of Internal MedicineMaasstad HospitalRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | - Yorick Sandberg
- Department of Internal MedicineMaasstad HospitalRotterdamThe Netherlands
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17
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Esson C, Samelius G, Strand TM, Lundkvist Å, Michaux JR, Råsbäck T, Wahab T, Mijiddorj TN, Berger L, Skerratt LF, Low M. The prevalence of rodent-borne zoonotic pathogens in the South Gobi desert region of Mongolia. Infect Ecol Epidemiol 2023; 13:2270258. [PMID: 37867606 PMCID: PMC10588514 DOI: 10.1080/20008686.2023.2270258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The alpine ecosystems and communities of central Asia are currently undergoing large-scale ecological and socio-ecological changes likely to affect wildlife-livestock-human disease interactions and zoonosis transmission risk. However, relatively little is known about the prevalence of pathogens in this region. Between 2012 and 2015 we screened 142 rodents in Mongolia's Gobi desert for exposure to important zoonotic and livestock pathogens. Rodent seroprevalence to Leptospira spp. was >1/3 of tested animals, Toxoplasma gondii and Coxiella burnetii approximately 1/8 animals, and the hantaviruses being between 1/20 (Puumala-like hantavirus) and <1/100 (Seoul-like hantavirus). Gerbils trapped inside local dwellings were one of the species seropositive to Puumala-like hantavirus, suggesting a potential zoonotic transmission pathway. Seventeen genera of zoonotic bacteria were also detected in the faeces and ticks collected from these rodents, with one tick testing positive to Yersinia. Our study helps provide baseline patterns of disease prevalence needed to infer potential transmission between source and target populations in this region, and to help shift the focus of epidemiological research towards understanding disease transmission among species and proactive disease mitigation strategies within a broader One Health framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Esson
- One Health Research Group, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gustaf Samelius
- Snow Leopard Trust, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Nordens Ark, Åby Säteri, Hunnebostrand, Sweden
| | - Tanja M. Strand
- Zoonosis Science Centre, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- National Veterinary Institute (SVA), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Åke Lundkvist
- Zoonosis Science Centre, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan R. Michaux
- Laboratoire de génétique de la conservation, Institut de Botanique, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Animal Sante Territoire Risque Environnement, Centre International de Recherche Agronomique pour le Developpement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Tara Wahab
- Public Health Agency of Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Lee Berger
- One Health Research Group, Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lee F. Skerratt
- One Health Research Group, Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew Low
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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18
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Dasgupta N, Adams PD. Hematopoiesis: a BETter understanding. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e57927. [PMID: 37650879 PMCID: PMC10561162 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202357927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications are known to be crucial for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) differentiation, with the BET family member BRD4 playing a vital role in this as an epigenetic reader. In this issue of EMBO reports, Yang et al (2023) demonstrate that the absence of BRD4 leads to senescence in HSCs and hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), affecting the expression of crucial genes involved in myeloid and erythroid development. These data suggest that BRD4 has a protective role in preserving histone tails, thereby sustaining normal HSC/HPC functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmalya Dasgupta
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery InstituteLa JollaCAUSA
- Present address:
Center for Cancer ImmunotherapyLa Jolla Institute for ImmunologyLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Peter D Adams
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery InstituteLa JollaCAUSA
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19
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Andersen S, Henden A, Staudacher H, Kennedy G, Gavin N. Fibre intake and supplementation during treatment for haematological malignancies: A scoping review. J Hum Nutr Diet 2023; 36:1982-1991. [PMID: 37403340 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal microbiome diversity decreases rapidly during haematological cancer treatment with low diversity associated with poorer clinical outcomes. Therefore, factors that may benefit the microbiome require evaluation. This scoping review aimed to identify and describe the available research on fibre intake and supplementation during haematological cancer treatment. METHODS This scoping review included observational studies of usual fibre intake and intervention fibre supplementation trials with patients undergoing chemotherapy, immunotherapy or stem cell transplantation for haematological malignancy. Comprehensive searching of four databases plus grey literature was conducted. Study design, type of fibre (for fibre supplementation trials) and evaluated outcomes were recorded. The review was registered on Open Science Framework and completed in three stages. There were no date restrictions in the search and only studies in English were included. RESULTS Five studies met the inclusion criteria for the review including two observational studies and three supplementation trials. No randomised control trials were identified. The interventional studies provided either a single fibre supplement (fructo-oligosaccharide) or a combination of fibres (polydextrose, lactosucrose, resistant starch or oligosaccharides plus fibre) during stem cell transplantation. The most frequently evaluated outcomes included tolerability of the fibre supplement, clinical outcomes (infection, graft versus host disease, survival) and the impact on the gastrointestinal microbiome. CONCLUSIONS Further research, including randomised controlled trials, is needed to investigate the role of fibre during haematological cancer treatment, including the pathways in which it might improve disease outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Andersen
- Department of Dietetics and Foodservices, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Andrea Henden
- Cancer Care Services, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Translational Cancer Immunotherapy Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Heidi Staudacher
- Food & Mood Centre, IMPACT Institute, School of Medicine, Geelong, Australia
| | - Glen Kennedy
- Cancer Care Services, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicole Gavin
- Cancer Care Services, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Healthcare Transformation, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
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20
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Marques-Maggio E, Maccio U, Marx A, Galli S, Schwab N, Frank A, Hamelin B, Varga Z, Nombela-Arrieta C, Mertz KD, Theocharides AP, Koelzer VH. Bone marrow haematopoiesis in patients with COVID-19. Histopathology 2023; 83:582-590. [PMID: 37317636 DOI: 10.1111/his.14969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection broadly affects organ homeostasis, including the haematopoietic system. Autopsy studies are a crucial tool for investigation of organ-specific pathologies. Here we perform an in-depth analysis of the impact of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on bone marrow haematopoiesis in correlation with clinical and laboratory parameters. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-eight autopsy cases and five controls from two academic centres were included in the study. We performed a comprehensive analysis of bone marrow pathology and microenvironment features with clinical and laboratory parameters and assessed SARS-CoV-2 infection of the bone marrow by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis. In COVID-19 patients, bone marrow specimens showed a left-shifted myelopoiesis (19 of 28, 64%), increased myeloid-erythroid ratio (eight of 28, 28%), increased megakaryopoiesis (six of 28, 21%) and lymphocytosis (four of 28, 14%). Strikingly, a high proportion of COVID-19 specimens showed erythrophagocytosis (15 of 28, 54%) and the presence of siderophages (11 of 15, 73%) compared to control cases (none of five, 0%). Clinically, erythrophagocytosis correlated with lower haemoglobin levels and was more frequently observed in patients from the second wave. Analysis of the immune environment showed a strong increase in CD68+ macrophages (16 of 28, 57%) and a borderline lymphocytosis (five of 28, 18%). The stromal microenvironment showed oedema (two of 28, 7%) and severe capillary congestion (one of 28, 4%) in isolated cases. No stromal fibrosis or microvascular thrombosis was found. While all cases had confirmed positive testing of SARS-CoV-2 in the respiratory system, SARS-CoV-2 was not detected in the bone marrow by high-sensitivity PCR, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 does not commonly replicate in the haematopoietic microenvironment. CONCLUSIONS SARS-CoV-2 infection indirectly impacts the haematological compartment and the bone marrow immune environment. Erythrophagocytosis is frequent and associated with lower haemoglobin levels in patients with severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewerton Marques-Maggio
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Medica Pathologie Zentrum Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Umberto Maccio
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Marx
- Stadtspital Zürich Waid, Klinik für Innere Medizin, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Serena Galli
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Schwab
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
| | - Angela Frank
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
| | - Baptiste Hamelin
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
| | - Zsuzsanna Varga
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - César Nombela-Arrieta
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kirsten D Mertz
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Pa Theocharides
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Viktor H Koelzer
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
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21
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Humphries B, León-García M, Bates SM, Guyatt G, Eckman MH, D'Souza R, Shehata N, Jack SM, Alonso-Coello P, Xie F. Decision Analysis in SHared decision making for Thromboprophylaxis during Pregnancy (DASH-TOP): a sequential explanatory mixed-methods pilot study. BMJ Evid Based Med 2023; 28:309-319. [PMID: 36858800 DOI: 10.1136/bmjebm-2022-112098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To gain insight into formal methods of integrating patient preferences and clinical evidence to inform treatment decisions, we explored patients' experience with a personalised decision analysis intervention, for prophylactic low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) in the antenatal period. DESIGN Mixed-methods explanatory sequential pilot study. SETTING Hospitals in Canada (n=1) and Spain (n=4 sites). Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we conducted part of the study virtually. PARTICIPANTS 15 individuals with a prior venous thromboembolism who were pregnant or planning pregnancy and had been referred for counselling regarding LMWH. INTERVENTION A shared decision-making intervention that included three components: (1) direct choice exercise; (2) preference elicitation exercises and (3) personalised decision analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire to evaluate decision quality (decisional conflict, self-efficacy and satisfaction). Semistructured interviews were then conducted to explore their experience and perceptions of the decision-making process. RESULTS Participants in the study appreciated the opportunity to use an evidence-based decision support tool that considered their personal values and preferences and reported feeling more prepared for their consultation. However, there were mixed reactions to the standard gamble and personalised treatment recommendation. Some participants could not understand how to complete the standard gamble exercises, and others highlighted the need for more informative ways of presenting results of the decision analysis. CONCLUSION Our results highlight the challenges and opportunities for those who wish to incorporate decision analysis to support shared decision-making for clinical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Humphries
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Montserrat León-García
- Iberoamerican Cochrane Center, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Preventive Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Shannon M Bates
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gordon Guyatt
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - M H Eckman
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Center for Clinical Effectiveness, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Rohan D'Souza
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nadine Shehata
- Departments of Medicine, Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susan M Jack
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- School of Nursing, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pablo Alonso-Coello
- Iberoamerican Cochrane Center, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Feng Xie
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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22
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Adele BO, Eddie-Anunobi OF, Adewoye EO. Oral iron supplementation ameliorated alterations in iron uptake and utilization in copper-toxic female Wistar rats. JBRA Assist Reprod 2023; 27:474-481. [PMID: 37294699 DOI: 10.5935/1518-0557.20230014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Women are more susceptible to both iron deficiency and copper toxicity due to monthly flow and estrogen action, respectively. Oral iron is beneficial for menstruating women and enhances erythropoiesis, but both deficiency and excess of copper impact iron absorption and mobilization. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of mitigating copper toxicity in female Wistar rats while supplementing with iron. METHODS 20 female rats (160-180g) were grouped into four: Groups 1 (Control) received 0.3mls normal saline, 2- copper-toxic (100m mg/kg Copper sulphate), 3- Copper-toxic+Iron (100 mg/kg Copper sulphate + 1 mg/kg Ferrous sulphate) and 4- Iron (1 mg/kg Ferrous sulphate). All treatment was administered orally for 5 weeks. Blood was collected retro-orbitally after light anesthesia into EDTA and plain bottles for hematological, serum copper, iron, ferritin and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) analysis. Liver was excised for copper and iron levels while bone marrow was harvested for myeloid/erythroid ratio. The data were analyzed by one-Way ANOVA and statistical significance was considered at p<0.05. RESULTS Iron supplementation significantly increased packed cell volume, hemoglobin concentration, red blood cell count and myeloid/erythroid ratio, compared to the copper-toxic group. Serum iron and TIBC were significantly increased while liver copper and iron levels reduced significantly in iron supplemented group compared to the copper-toxic group. CONCLUSIONS Oral iron supplementation mitigated alterations in iron absorption and mobilization following copper toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Omokheshi Adele
- Applied and Environmental Physiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ogochuckwu F Eddie-Anunobi
- Applied and Environmental Physiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Elsie O Adewoye
- Applied and Environmental Physiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
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23
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Tiwari A. Lemierre's Syndrome in the 21st Century: A Literature Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e43685. [PMID: 37724228 PMCID: PMC10505273 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Lemierre's syndrome is a rare, life-threatening complication of an acute oropharyngeal infection. It is generally characterised by pharyngitis secondary to Fusobacterium necrophorum, causing thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein and sepsis, with subsequent formation of septic emboli that can rapidly spread to different organ sites. The condition is associated with high mortality if treatment with antibiotics is delayed, and recent evidence suggests that patients are at significant risk of in-hospital morbidity and long-term neurological sequelae. Although it is agreed that antibiotics are the mainstay of treatment, there is currently no consensus on the use of anticoagulation in the condition. This review article aims to summarise our current understanding of Lemierre's syndrome with regard to its definition, epidemiology, microbiology, presentation, diagnosis, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Tiwari
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, GBR
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24
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Shreya S, Shekher A, Puneet P, Prasad SB, Prakash Jain B. Haematological and biochemical analysis of blood samples from early and late stage breast cancer patients in India. Bioinformation 2023; 19:806-809. [PMID: 37901291 PMCID: PMC10605084 DOI: 10.6026/97320630019806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer with the maximum number of cases worldwide. Early diagnosis of the cancer is necessary for an effective treatment plan. Due to a lack of awareness, diagnosis of breast cancer at an early stage is difficult. The present study aims to evaluate and compare the haematological and biochemical profiles of the early and late-stage breast cancer patient's data records. A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 56 breast cancer patients at the Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University India. Patient data records were obtained and haematological and biochemical parameters were arranged on an Excel sheet and analyzed. Random blood sugar (RBS), alkaline phosphates (ALP) levels, and urea levels were significantly high in patients with late-stage breast cancer (Tumor stage III and IV). At the advanced stage of breast cancer hemoglobin level falls and patients became anemic. Further large-scale studies with a greater number of patient data can help establish these parameters individually or in combination as prognostic and diagnostic markers in breast cancer staging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smriti Shreya
- />Department of Zoology, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, India
| | - Anusmita Shekher
- />Department of General Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
- />Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Sciences, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
| | - Puneet Puneet
- />Department of General Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
| | - Shyam Babu Prasad
- />Department of Zoology, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, India
| | - Buddhi Prakash Jain
- />Gene Expression and Signaling Lab, Department of Zoology, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, India
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25
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Solano C, Castro-Rebollo P, Pérez-Martínez A, López-Corral L, Barba-Suñol P, Kwon M, Ortiz V, Sanz-Caballer J, Caballero AC, Martínez J, Cedillo Á, Sureda A. Quantifying the available capacity and resource needs for provision of CAR-T therapies in the National Health Service in Spain: a survey-based study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e071371. [PMID: 37491085 PMCID: PMC10373688 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-071371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate the readiness of Spanish National Health Service (NHS) hospitals to provide chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T), and to identify and quantify the different resources needed to provide CAR-T considering three scenarios defined by 10, 25 and 50 patients per centre per year. DESIGN Targeted literature review and quantitative study using a questionnaire and telephone interviews. An algorithm was created to determine hospitals' readiness based on their capacity and capability. All the requirements for quantification were assessed and validated by the steering committee, formed by members of the Spanish Group of Haematopoietic Transplantation and Cell Therapy. A weighting system (from 0 to 1) was established for capability quantification. For resources quantification, a scoring system was established, with 0 points representing the minimum and 3 points the maximum of additional resources that a hospital indicated necessary. SETTING 40 Spanish hospital centres that perform allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation were invited to complete the questionnaire for capacity quantification, 28 of which provided valid responses. Nine hospitals participated in the interviews for resource quantification, eight of which had previously been designated by the Ministry of Health (MoH) to provide CAR-T. OUTCOME MEASURE Current capacity of NHS Spanish sites to administer CAR-T under different theoretical scenarios with varying numbers of procedures, and the potential healthcare resources that would be needed to realise the theoretical capacity requirements. RESULTS Four hospitals were optimally ready, 17 were somewhat ready and 7 were not ready. The actual extrapolated capacity of the currently designated MoH CAR-T sites would allow treatment of approximately 250 patients per year. Regarding healthcare resource needs, the numbers of haematologists, nurses and beds were the most important limiting factors, and those requiring further growth as patient numbers increased. CONCLUSIONS Increasing the number of CAR-T-qualified centres and/or increasing resources in the current designated sites are two potential strategies that should be considered to treat CAR-T-eligible patients in Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Solano
- Department of Hematology, Institute for Research (INCLIVA), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
- School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Lucia López-Corral
- Hematology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Pere Barba-Suñol
- Hematology Service, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mi Kwon
- Hematology Service, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Valentín Ortiz
- Hematology Service, Clinic Barcelona Hospital University, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ana Carolina Caballero
- Grupo de Inmunoterapia celular y Terapia Génica (GITG), Clinical Hematology Service, Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín Martínez
- Hematology Service, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Cedillo
- Spanish Group for Hematopoietic Transplantation and Cell Therapy, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Sureda
- Clinical Hematology Service, Institut d'Investigacio Biomedica de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Hematology Service, Institut Català d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
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26
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Ho SF, Tan SJ, Mazlan MZ, Iberahim S, Lee YX, Hassan R. Exploring Extended White Blood Cell Parameters for the Evaluation of Sepsis among Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Units. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2445. [PMID: 37510189 PMCID: PMC10378205 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13142445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in intensive care units. This case-control study aimed to investigate the haematology cell population data and extended inflammatory parameters for sepsis management. The study included three groups of patients: sepsis, non-sepsis, and healthy controls. Patients suspected of having sepsis underwent a Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) evaluation and had blood drawn for blood cultures, complete peripheral blood counts (CBC), and measurements of various markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). We observed significant changes in numerous CBC parameters and extended inflammation parameters (EIPs), in addition to significant biochemical analysis markers CRP and IL-6 in sepsis cohorts. Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that combining different CBC parameters and EIPs were effective to profile these patients. Two different models have been developed using white blood cell counts and their extended parameters. Our findings indicate that the absolute counts of white blood cells, and the EIPs which reflect their activation states, are important for the prediction and assessment of sepsis, as the body responds to an insult that triggers an immune response. In an emergency situation, having timely updates on patient conditions becomes crucial for guiding the management process. Identifying trends in these specific patient groups will aid early diagnosis, complementing clinical signs and symptoms, especially as CBC is the most commonly ordered test in a diagnostic workup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sook Fong Ho
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Transfusion Medicine Unit, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Swee Jin Tan
- Sysmex Asia Pacific Pte Ltd., Singapore 528735, Singapore
| | - Mohd Zulfakar Mazlan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Salfarina Iberahim
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Transfusion Medicine Unit, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Ying Xian Lee
- Sysmex Asia Pacific Pte Ltd., Singapore 528735, Singapore
| | - Rosline Hassan
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Transfusion Medicine Unit, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Nasiri YA, Lee E, Nyamathi A, Brecht ML, Robbins W, Mawali AA, Omari OA, Jacob E. Factors associated with health-related quality of life in children with sickle cell disease. Nurs Child Young People 2023; 35:22-27. [PMID: 36620942 DOI: 10.7748/ncyp.2023.e1448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sickle cell disease is an inherited haematological condition with life-threatening consequences. It can affect all aspects of the lives of children with the condition, including biopsychosocial and cognitive aspects. These children tend to have a low health-related quality of life (HRQoL). AIM To identify factors associated with HRQoL in Omani children with sickle cell disease. METHOD The study was a secondary analysis of data from a randomised controlled trial conducted with 72 parent-and-child dyads who were recruited from two tertiary hospitals in Oman. The aim of the original study was to examine the effects of an educational programme on the knowledge and self-efficacy of parents of children with sickle cell disease. As part of that study, parents and children completed two questionnaires on HRQoL, one generic and one specific to sickle cell disease. RESULTS Parents' knowledge of sickle cell disease, parents' self-efficacy in managing their child's symptoms, parents' age, children's age and treatment with hydroxyurea were found to affect children's HRQoL. CONCLUSION Healthcare providers need to include biopsychosocial and cognitive aspects of HRQoL in their assessments of children with sickle cell disease. Programmes designed to enhance parents' and children's knowledge and self-efficacy, as well as measures designed to ensure that children receive treatment with hydroxyurea, are likely to improve the HRQoL of children with sickle cell disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eunice Lee
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles CA, US
| | | | | | - Wendie Robbins
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles CA, US
| | | | - Omar Al Omari
- Sultan Qaboos University College of Nursing, Muscat, Oman
| | - Eufemia Jacob
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles CA, US
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28
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Sueda A, Kagawa T, Kojima T. Quality improvement in paediatric preoperative screening: a Japanese perspective. Anaesth Rep 2023; 11:e12267. [PMID: 38144713 PMCID: PMC10739157 DOI: 10.1002/anr3.12267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Sueda
- Department of AnaesthesiologyHyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's HospitalKobeJapan
| | - T. Kagawa
- Department of AnaesthesiologyHyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's HospitalKobeJapan
| | - T. Kojima
- Department of AnaesthesiologyAichi Children's Health and Medical CenterAichiJapan
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Abstract
There is continued under-recognition and underinvestment in the psychological and mental health aspects of care for cancer patients, despite the fact that increased patient survival rates in cancer mean that patients are living longer after diagnosis. In this article, we advocate for better integration and joint working between clinicians across all areas, including education and research, impacting positively on the outcomes and care of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asanga Fernando
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK, and honorary senior lecturer, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Yostina Ishak
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK, and clinical pharmacology tutor, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Jenna Love
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Matthias Klammer
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK and honorary senior lecturer, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Mickey Koh
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK, and St George's, University of London, London, UK
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30
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Ren X, Zhang M, Zhang X, Zhao P, Zhai W. Low-dose intravenous immunoglobulin for children with newly diagnosed immune thrombocytopenia: protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e071644. [PMID: 37385744 PMCID: PMC10314640 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-071644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is a first-line treatment for children with newly diagnosed immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). However, the cost of IVIg is high. Higher doses of IVIg are associated with a more insupportable financial burden to paediatric patients' families and may produce more adverse reactions. Whether low-dose IVIg can quickly stop bleeding and induce a durable response in treating children with newly diagnosed ITP is not yet established. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will extensively search five English databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature) and three Chinese databases (CNKI, Wanfang and VIP). International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and ClinicalTrials.gov will also be searched as supplementary. Randomised controlled trials and prospective observational studies compared the efficacy of low-dose IVIg and high-dose or moderate-dose IVIg will be included. The primary outcome is the proportion of patients achieving durable response. Estimates of effect will be pooled with either a random-effect model or a fixed-effect model according to the heterogeneity of studies. If significant heterogeneity exists, we will conduct subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis to explore the source of heterogeneity and evaluate the robustness of the results. Publication bias will also be assessed, if possible. The risk of bias will be assessed using the Risk of Bias 2 and Risk Of Bias In Non-randomised Studies of Interventions tools. The certainty of evidence will be evaluated using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) system. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION No ethical approval is required since this systematic review is based on previously published studies. The findings of this study will be presented at international conferences or published in a peer-reviewed journal. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42022384604.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangge Ren
- College of Pediatrics, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- College of Pediatrics, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhang
- College of Pediatrics, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Peidong Zhao
- College of Pediatrics, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wensheng Zhai
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Purpura and Nephropathy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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31
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Čolić M, Magdić B, Kolundžić M, Leniček Krleža J. Analytical verification of the Dymind D7-CRP automated analyser. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2023; 33:020703. [PMID: 37324112 PMCID: PMC10231769 DOI: 10.11613/bm.2023.020703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of this study was to perform a verification of the Dymind D7-CRP automated analyser and compare it with established analysers. Materials and methods Analytical verification included estimation of repeatability, between run precision, within-laboratory precision, and bias in control samples with low, normal and high levels. The acceptance criteria for analytical verification were defined using the European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) 2019 Biological Variation Database. Method comparison between the Dymind D7-CRP and the Sysmex XN1000 for haematological parameters and the Dymind D7-CRP and the Beckman Coulter AU680 for CRP values was performed on 40 patient samples. Results Analytical verification criteria were adequately met with the exception of monocyte count for repeatability and within-laboratory precision (13.4% and 11.5%, respectively, acceptance criteria 10.1%) and measurement uncertainty (23.0, acceptance criteria 20.0%) at low level, eosinophil count for BIAS at the low level (37.7%, acceptance criteria 25.2%), basophil count (BAS) for BIAS at the high level (14.2%, acceptance criteria 10.9%), and mean platelet volume (MPV) for repeatability (4.2% and 6.8%), between run precision (2.2% and 4.7%), within-laboratory precision (4.0% and 7.3%) (acceptance criteria 1.7%), and measurement uncertainty (8.0 and 14.6%, acceptance criteria 3.4%) at both the low and high concentrations. Method comparison showed no clinically significant constant or proportional differences for all parameters except BAS and MPV. Conclusion The analytical verification of the Dymind D7-CRP showed adequate analytical characteristics. The Dymind D7-CRP can be used interchangeably with the Sysmex XN-1000 for all parameters tested, except BAS and MPV, and with the Beckman Coulter AU-680 for the determination of CRP.
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32
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Lucijanic M, Krecak I, Soric E, Sabljic A, Galusic D, Holik H, Perisa V, Peric MM, Zekanovic I, Kusec R. Higher estimated plasma volume status is associated with increased thrombotic risk and impaired survival in patients with primary myelofibrosis. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2023; 33:020901. [PMID: 37143717 PMCID: PMC10152616 DOI: 10.11613/bm.2023.020901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Blood plasma represents a large reservoir of cytokines and other mediators of inflammation. Higher estimated plasma volume status (ePVS) has been shown to correlate with increased thrombotic risk in polycythemia vera patients, but its clinical and prognostic associations in patients with myelofibrosis are unknown which we aim to evaluate in this study. Materials and methods We retrospectively analysed a multicentric cohort of 238 patients with primary (PMF) and secondary myelofibrosis (SMF). Estimated plasma volume status was calculated using the Strauss-derived Duarte formula. Overall survival (OS) and time to thrombosis (TTT) considering both arterial and venous thromboses were primary endpoints of interest. Results Median ePVS was 5.8 dL/g and it did not significantly differ between PMF and SMF patients. Patients with more advanced disease features, more pronounced inflammation and higher comorbidity burden had higher ePVS. Higher ePVS (> 5.6 dL/g) was associated with shorter OS in PMF (unadjusted hazard ratio, HR = 2.8, 95% confidence interval, CI (1.79-4.41), P < 0.001) and SMF (unadjusted HR = 2.55, 95% CI (1.1-5.71), P =0.025) and with shorter TTT in PMF (> 7 dL/g, unadjusted HR = 4.1, 95% CI (1.44-11.59), P = 0.009) patients. Associations with OS diminished in multivariate analyses after adjustments for the dynamic-international-prognostic-scoring-system (DIPSS) and myelofibrosis-secondary-to-PV-and ET-prognostic-model (MYSEC-PM), respectively. Association with TTT remained significant independently of JAK2 mutation, white blood cell count and chronic kidney disease. Conclusions Myelofibrosis patients with more advanced disease features and more pronounced inflammation have higher ePVS, indicative of expanded plasma volume. Higher ePVS is associated with impaired survival in PMF and SMF and higher thrombotic risk in PMF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Lucijanic
- Hematology Department, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
- University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
- Corresponding author:
| | - Ivan Krecak
- Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital Sibenik, Sibenik, Croatia
- University of Rijeka School of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Ena Soric
- Hematology Department, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anica Sabljic
- Hematology Department, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Davor Galusic
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Center Split, Split, Croatia
- University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Hrvoje Holik
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Dr. Josip Bencevic” General Hospital, Slavonski Brod, Croatia
- University of Osijek Faculty of Medicine, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Vlatka Perisa
- University of Osijek Faculty of Medicine, Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Hematology, Osijek University Hospital, Osijek, Croatia
| | | | - Ivan Zekanovic
- Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital Zadar, Zadar, Croatia
| | - Rajko Kusec
- Hematology Department, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
- University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
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Turner JK, Sakulpolwat S, Sukdanon S, Lertwanakarn T, Waiyamitra P, Piewbang C, Pierezan F, Techangamsuwan S, Soto E, Surachetpong W. Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) causes severe anaemia and systemic disease in tilapia. J Fish Dis 2023; 46:643-651. [PMID: 36848441 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Tilapia lake virus disease (TiLVD) is an emerging disease in tilapia that is associated with mass mortality affecting global tilapia aquaculture. In this study, red hybrid tilapias (Oreochromis spp.) were experimentally infected by intracoelomic injection with Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) to gain a better understanding of the clinicopathological changes during infection. Pale bodies and gill were observed in infected fish after 7 days of post-challenge (dpc) associated with severe anaemia. Further haematological analysis in TiLV-infected fish revealed decreased levels of haemoglobin and haematocrit at 3 dpc. Common pathological findings included pale and friable liver, pale intestine with catarrhal content, and dark and shrunken spleen in TiLV-infected fish at 7 dpc and 14 dpc. Histologically, reduced numbers of red blood cells and accumulation of melano-macrophage centre in the spleen were found in infected fish at 3 dpc, and severe lesions were more commonly observed at 7 and 14 dpc. Lymphocyte infiltration, syncytial cell formation and multifocal necrotic hepatitis were the prominent pathological findings in the liver of infected fish. The severity of pathological changes was associated with TiLV-infection with higher viral loads and with the expression pattern of pro-inflammatory cytokines and antiviral genes, including interferon regulatory factor 1 (irf1), interleukin (il-8), radical s-adenosyl methionine domain containing 2 (rsad2) and mx. Our study provides a comprehensive analysis of the haematological profile and pathological changes in tilapia during TiLV infection. Overall, lesions present in various organs, together with alteration of host immune response in TiLV-infected fish, indicate the systemic infection of this virus. The knowledge gained from this study improves our understanding of how TiLV causes pathological and haematological changes in tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Kaye Turner
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sasakorn Sakulpolwat
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suchanuch Sukdanon
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tuchakorn Lertwanakarn
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pitchaporn Waiyamitra
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chutchai Piewbang
- Animal Virome and Diagnostic Development Research Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Felipe Pierezan
- Department of Pathology, Veterinary Clinics and Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Somporn Techangamsuwan
- Animal Virome and Diagnostic Development Research Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Esteban Soto
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Win Surachetpong
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Starostinetsky-Malonek T, Scheinin A, Aroch I, Davidovich N, Bigal E, Livne L, Hauser-Davis RA, Wosnick N, Tchernov D, Morick D. First report on the serum chemistry and haematology of free-ranging dusky ( Carcharhinus obscurus) and sandbar ( Carcharhinus plumbeus) sharks in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Conserv Physiol 2023; 11:coad037. [PMID: 37266517 PMCID: PMC10230282 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coad037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Shark assessments in the Mediterranean Sea are still scarce, and serum chemistry and haematological data have yet to be reported for wild dusky (Carcharhinus obscurus) or sandbar (Carcharhinus plumbeus) shark populations in the Mediterranean Sea. Herein, blood samples were obtained from adult dusky (n = 23) and sandbar (n = 14) sharks from an aggregation site near the Hadera power and desalination plants in Israel in the winters of 2016-20. Several serum chemistry analytes were characterized with relation to stress, body size and environmental conditions. Glucose concentrations were higher, while total cholesterol concentrations were lower in dusky sharks than in sandbar sharks, potentially due to distinct metabolic pathways utilized during the capture-related activity by both species. However, differences in sex and size are noted and should be considered. The blood cell morphology of both species was consistent with previous findings for sandbar sharks. Atypical monocytes were noted in one dusky shark. Preliminary and exploratory reference intervals for female dusky sharks were calculated for glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, total protein and creatine kinase. These data must be viewed with caution due to the potential influence of capture-related stress on analyte concentrations and activities and the fact that only females were employed in the calculations. Moreover, the sampling site is adjacent to coastal power and desalination plants, which may significantly affect shark physiology. Although limited, this novel database on dusky and sandbar shark serum chemistry and haematology aspects is essential as a first attempt to obtain data on these species in the eastern Mediterranean Sea and for future conservation and long-term biomonitoring efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Itamar Aroch
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, PO Box 12, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Nadav Davidovich
- Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, Leon H Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Sdot Yam 3780400, Israel
- Israeli Veterinary Services, Bet Dagan 5025001, Israel
| | - Eyal Bigal
- Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, Leon H Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Sdot Yam 3780400, Israel
| | - Leigh Livne
- Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, Leon H Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Sdot Yam 3780400, Israel
| | - Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4.365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Natascha Wosnick
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19031, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Dan Tchernov
- Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, Leon H Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Sdot Yam 3780400, Israel
| | - Danny Morick
- Corresponding author: Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, Leon H Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Sdot Yam 3780400, Israel.
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35
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Olayah F, Senan EM, Ahmed IA, Awaji B. Blood Slide Image Analysis to Classify WBC Types for Prediction Haematology Based on a Hybrid Model of CNN and Handcrafted Features. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13111899. [PMID: 37296753 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13111899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
White blood cells (WBCs) are one of the main components of blood produced by the bone marrow. WBCs are part of the immune system that protects the body from infectious diseases and an increase or decrease in the amount of any type that causes a particular disease. Thus, recognizing the WBC types is essential for diagnosing the patient's health and identifying the disease. Analyzing blood samples to determine the amount and WBC types requires experienced doctors. Artificial intelligence techniques were applied to analyze blood samples and classify their types to help doctors distinguish between types of infectious diseases due to increased or decreased WBC amounts. This study developed strategies for analyzing blood slide images to classify WBC types. The first strategy is to classify WBC types by the SVM-CNN technique. The second strategy for classifying WBC types is by SVM based on hybrid CNN features, which are called VGG19-ResNet101-SVM, ResNet101-MobileNet-SVM, and VGG19-ResNet101-MobileNet-SVM techniques. The third strategy for classifying WBC types by FFNN is based on a hybrid model of CNN and handcrafted features. With MobileNet and handcrafted features, FFNN achieved an AUC of 99.43%, accuracy of 99.80%, precision of 99.75%, specificity of 99.75%, and sensitivity of 99.68%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fekry Olayah
- Department of Information System, Faculty Computer Science and information System, Najran University, Najran 66462, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ebrahim Mohammed Senan
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Alrazi University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | | | - Bakri Awaji
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computer Science and Information System, Najran University, Najran 66462, Saudi Arabia
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Coffill-Rivera ME, Paez Mendez YD, Little L, Graham PM, Franks JS, Correa SB, Neal JW, Allen PJ. Effects of temperature and salinity on blood chemistry and survival of juvenile Atlantic tarpon Megalops atlanticus. J Fish Biol 2023. [PMID: 37190879 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Atlantic tarpon Megalops atlanticus are highly migratory sportfish that support recreational fisheries throughout their range. In U.S. waters, juveniles can be found in coastal and estuarine habitats along the Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic seaboard, with temperature limiting their northern latitudinal distribution. Juveniles may overwinter in these areas during the first several years of life. Low temperatures are known to cause mortality in adults, but the challenges of temperature are less understood for juveniles. Furthermore, salinity, which can change dramatically in these habitats, may have a synergistic effect with temperature. To examine the physiological effects of temperature and salinity on juvenile tarpon, wild fish were acclimated to a range of conditions that potentially occur in the northern range of their estuarine habitats. The haematology of juvenile tarpon was examined in two salinity (≤2 and ≥30 ppt) and temperature (15 and 25°C) treatments, followed by a low temperature tolerance test. After two weeks in treatment conditions, blood samples were analyzed for hematocrit, pH, red blood cell concentration, haemoglobin content, and plasma osmolality. Increased plasma osmolality was observed in fish at low temperature (15°C compared to 25°C) and at high salinity (≥30 ppt compared to ≤2 ppt). Blood pH was increased at 15°C compared to 25°C, with the highest pH at 15°C and low salinity. Haemoglobin, hematocrit and red blood cell concentration were higher at 25°C than 15°C, with haemoglobin lowest at 15°C and low salinity. For the low temperature tolerance test, all fish were acclimated to 15°C for 2 weeks, then transferred to separate tanks where temperature was gradually decreased at 0.9 ± 0.1°C/hr until fish lost equilibrium. Fish at low salinity lost equilibrium more rapidly (1 ppt, 12.65 ± 0.46°C) than fish at high salinity (30 ppt, 11.26 ± 0.14°C). Results indicate juvenile tarpon are susceptible to low temperature, which is exacerbated by low salinity, findings useful in assessment of juvenile tarpon overwintering habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel E Coffill-Rivera
- Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture, Box 9690, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | - Yvanna D Paez Mendez
- Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture, Box 9690, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | - Logan Little
- Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture, Box 9690, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | - Patrick M Graham
- Center for Fisheries Research and Development, The University of Southern Mississippi, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, 703 East Beach Dr., Ocean Springs, Mississippi, USA
- Division of Coastal Sciences, School of Ocean Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, 703 East Beach Dr., Ocean Springs, Mississippi, USA
| | - James S Franks
- Center for Fisheries Research and Development, The University of Southern Mississippi, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, 703 East Beach Dr., Ocean Springs, Mississippi, USA
| | - Sandra Bibiana Correa
- Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture, Box 9690, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | - J Wesley Neal
- Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture, Box 9690, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | - Peter J Allen
- Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture, Box 9690, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
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37
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Williamson JL, Linck EB, Bautista E, Smiley A, McGuire JA, Dudley R, Witt CC. Hummingbird blood traits track oxygen availability across space and time. Ecol Lett 2023. [PMID: 37178017 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Predictable trait variation across environments suggests shared adaptive responses via repeated genetic evolution, phenotypic plasticity or both. Matching of trait-environment associations at phylogenetic and individual scales implies consistency between these processes. Alternatively, mismatch implies that evolutionary divergence has changed the rules of trait-environment covariation. Here we tested whether species adaptation alters elevational variation in blood traits. We measured blood for 1217 Andean hummingbirds of 77 species across a 4600-m elevational gradient. Unexpectedly, elevational variation in haemoglobin concentration ([Hb]) was scale independent, suggesting that physics of gas exchange, rather than species differences, determines responses to changing oxygen pressure. However, mechanisms of [Hb] adjustment did show signals of species adaptation: Species at either low or high elevations adjusted cell size, whereas species at mid-elevations adjusted cell number. This elevational variation in red blood cell number versus size suggests that genetic adaptation to high altitude has changed how these traits respond to shifts in oxygen availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie L Williamson
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Cornell University Museum of Vertebrates, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Ethan B Linck
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Emil Bautista
- Centro de Ornitología y Biodiversidad (CORBIDI), Lima, Peru
| | - Ashley Smiley
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Jimmy A McGuire
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Robert Dudley
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Christopher C Witt
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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Mary Nnagha E, Kayode Ademola M, Ann Izevbizua E, Uwishema O, Nazir A, Wellington J. Tackling sickle cell crisis in Nigeria: the need for newer therapeutic solutions in sickle cell crisis management - short communication. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:2282-2286. [PMID: 37228913 PMCID: PMC10205306 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000000696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group of inherited haematological disorders, which affects the shape of the oxygen-carrying haemoglobin component of erythrocytes, giving it an abnormal sickle-shaped appearance. This disease is one of the most common haematological disorders in Nigeria and is generally characterized by anaemia, painful crises, and multi-organ dysfunction. Recurrent episodes of painful crises account for most of the morbidities and mortalities observed in SCD, particularly sickle cell anaemia. This has been a critical concern in the field of haematology and molecular genetics as several therapeutic solutions have been explored over the past few years to treat symptoms of this disease and alleviate painful crises. However, most of these treatment options are not readily available and affordable to affected patients in lower socioeconomic settings in Nigeria, causing a wider range of complications and end-stage organ failure. To address this issue, this article explores an overview of SCD, management alternatives and the need for newer therapeutic solutions to cover the gaps or inadequacies of effective sickle cell crisis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekene Mary Nnagha
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar
| | - Matthew Kayode Ademola
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife
| | - Eghosa Ann Izevbizua
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- Benjamin S. Carson College of Health and Medical Sciences, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria
| | - Olivier Uwishema
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- Clinton Global Initiative University, New York, New York, USA
- Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Abubakar Nazir
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Jack Wellington
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- Faculty of Medicine, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Chen OCW, Siebel S, Colaco A, Nicoli ER, Platt N, Shepherd D, Newman S, Armitage AE, Farhat NY, Seligmann G, Smith C, Smith DA, Abdul-Sada A, Jeyakumar M, Drakesmith H, Porter FD, Platt FM. Defective iron homeostasis and hematological abnormalities in Niemann-Pick disease type C1. Wellcome Open Res 2023; 7:267. [PMID: 37065726 PMCID: PMC10090865 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17261.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Niemann-Pick disease type C1 (NPC1) is a neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder characterized by the accumulation of multiple lipids in the late endosome/lysosomal system and reduced acidic store calcium. The lysosomal system regulates key aspects of iron homeostasis, which prompted us to investigate whether there are hematological abnormalities and iron metabolism defects in NPC1. Methods: Iron-related hematological parameters, systemic and tissue metal ion and relevant hormonal and proteins levels, expression of specific pro-inflammatory mediators and erythrophagocytosis were evaluated in an authentic mouse model and in a large cohort of NPC patients. Results: Significant changes in mean corpuscular volume and corpuscular hemoglobin were detected in Npc1 -/- mice from an early age. Hematocrit, red cell distribution width and hemoglobin changes were observed in late-stage disease animals. Systemic iron deficiency, increased circulating hepcidin, decreased ferritin and abnormal pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were also found. Furthermore, there is evidence of defective erythrophagocytosis in Npc1 -/- mice and in an in vitro NPC1 cellular model. Comparable hematological changes, including low normal serum iron and transferrin saturation and low cerebrospinal fluid ferritin were confirmed in NPC1 patients. Conclusions: These data suggest loss of iron homeostasis and hematological abnormalities in NPC1 may contribute to the pathophysiology of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar C W Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Stephan Siebel
- Division of Translational Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Alexandria Colaco
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Elena-Raluca Nicoli
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Nick Platt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Dawn Shepherd
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Stephanie Newman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Andrew E Armitage
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Nicole Y Farhat
- Division of Translational Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - George Seligmann
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Claire Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - David A Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Alaa Abdul-Sada
- Chemistry Department, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, Sussex, BN1 9QJ, UK
| | - Mylvaganam Jeyakumar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Hal Drakesmith
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Forbes D Porter
- Division of Translational Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Frances M Platt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX1 3QT, UK
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40
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Miao W, Sibbald SL, Law B, Solh Z. Understanding the nursing practices and perspectives of transfusion reaction reporting. J Clin Nurs 2023; 32:1045-1052. [PMID: 35485973 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate nurse perspectives on transfusion-related adverse reaction reporting practices. BACKGROUND Transfusion-related adverse reaction reporting is an essential component of hemovigilance in Canada, but reporting rates vary and under-reporting of minor transfusion-related adverse reactions exists. To our knowledge, this is the first report of nursing transfusion-related adverse reaction reporting attitudes. DESIGN This qualitative descriptive study explored the nursing practices and perspectives of transfusion-related adverse reaction reporting by conducting one-on-one interviews with nurses (n = 25) working in adult oncology inpatient and outpatient units. METHODS Data were thematically analysed; data collection ended when saturation was reached. The COREQ checklist was used to guide this study. RESULTS The study revealed that the nursing practices of transfusion-related adverse reaction reporting are not standardised to meet the institutional reporting guidelines. Under-reporting of febrile reactions exists at this institution. Major concepts uncovered included the factors impacting nurses' transfusion-related reporting practices, as well as barriers and facilitators to transfusion reporting. CONCLUSION A practice change in transfusion-related adverse reaction reporting is needed to achieve optimal hemovigilance at this institution. Using the barriers and facilitators identified in this study, institutions can better inform future interventions by employing strategies like TR reporting education in order to improve reporting of transfusion-related adverse reactions in this hospital and other similar institutions. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE This study informs clinical practice and decision-making for nurses and nursing educators who manage blood transfusion administration procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Miao
- Faculty of Information and Media Studies, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shannon L Sibbald
- School of Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Family Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,The Schulich Interfaculty Program in Public Health, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benson Law
- School of Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Family Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ziad Solh
- Transfusion Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine (PaLM), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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Jon Salmanton-García, Francesco Marchesi, Maria Gomes da Silva, Francesca Farina, Julio Dávila-Valls, Yavuz M. Bilgin, Andreas Glenthøj, Iker Falces-Romero, Jaap Van Doesum, Jorge Labrador, Caterina Buquicchio, Shaimaa El-Ashwah, Verena Petzer, Jens Van Praet, Martin Schönlein, Michelina Dargenio, Gustavo-Adolfo Méndez, Stef Meers, Federico Itri, Antonio Giordano, László Imre Pinczés, Ildefonso Espigado, Zlate Stojanoski, Alberto López-García, Lucia Prezioso, Ozren Jaksic, Antonio Vena, Nicola S. Fracchiolla, Tomás José González-López, Natasa Colović, Mario Delia, Barbora Weinbergerová, Monia Marchetti, Joyce Marques de Almeida, Olimpia Finizio, Caroline Besson, Monika M. Biernat, Toni Valković, Tobias Lahmer, Annarosa Cuccaro, Irati Ormazabal-Vélez, Josip Batinić, Noemí Fernández, Nick De Jonge, Carlo Tascini, Amalia N. Anastasopoulou, Rémy Duléry, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, Gaëtan Plantefeve, Mario Virgilio Papa, Marcio Nucci, Moraima Jiménez, Avinash Aujayeb, José-Ángel Hernández-Rivas, Maria Merelli, Chiara Cattaneo, Ola Blennow, Anna Nordlander, Alba Cabirta, Gina Varricchio, Maria Vittoria Sacchi, Raul Cordoba, Elena Arellano, Stefanie K. Gräfe, Dominik Wolf, Ziad Emarah, Emanuele Ammatuna, Ditte Stampe Hersby, Sonia Martín-Pérez, Raquel Nunes Rodrigues, Laman Rahimli, Livio Pagano, Oliver A. Cornely, EPICOVIDEHA registryPiukovicsKláraDe RamónCristinaDanionFrançoisYahyaAyelGuidettiAnnaGarcia-VidalCarolinaSiliUluhanMeletiadisJosephDe KortElizabethVergaLuisaSerranoLauraErbenNurettinDi BlasiRobertaTragiannidisAthanasiosRibera-Santa SusanaJosé-MaríaOmmenHans-BeierBuscaAlessandroCoppolaNicolaBergantimRuiDragonettiGiuliaCriscuoloMariannaFianchiLuanaBonanniMatteoSoto-SilvaAndrésMikulskaMalgorzataMachadoMarinaShan KhoChiHassanNaziaGavriilakiEleniCordiniGregorioChiLouis Yi AnnEggererMatthiasHoeniglMartinPrattesJuergenJiménez-LorenzoMaría-JosefaZompiSofiaZambrottaGiovanni Paolo MariaÇolakGökçe MelisGarcía-PoutónNicoleAielloTommaso FrancescoPrinRomaneStamouliMariaSamarkosMichail. Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in COVID-19 patients with haematological malignancies: a report from the EPICOVIDEHA registry. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 58. [PMID: 37041967 PMCID: PMC10078172 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment decreases the hospitalisation rate in immunocompetent patients with COVID-19, but data on efficacy in patients with haematological malignancy are scarce. Here, we describe the outcome of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment in a large cohort of the latter patients. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study from the multicentre EPICOVIDEHA registry (NCT04733729) on patients with haematological malignancy, who were diagnosed with COVID-19 between January and September 2022. Patients receiving nirmatrelvir/ritonavir were compared to those who did not. A logistic regression was run to determine factors associated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir administration in our sample. Mortality between treatment groups was assessed with Kaplan–Meier survival plots after matching all the patients with a propensity score. Additionally, a Cox regression was modelled to detect factors associated with mortality in patients receiving nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. Findings A total of 1859 patients were analysed, 117 (6%) were treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, 1742 (94%) were treated otherwise. Of 117 patients receiving nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, 80% had received ≥1 anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose before COVID-19 onset, 13% of which received a 2nd vaccine booster. 5% were admitted to ICU. Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment was associated with the presence of extrapulmonary symptoms at COVID-19 onset, for example anosmia, fever, rhinitis, or sinusitis (aOR 2.509, 95%CI 1.448–4.347) and 2nd vaccine booster (aOR 3.624, 95%CI 1.619–8.109). Chronic pulmonary disease (aOR 0.261, 95%CI 0.093–0.732) and obesity (aOR 0.105, 95%CI 0.014–0.776) were not associated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir use. After propensity score matching, day-30 mortality rate in patients treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir was 2%, significantly lower than in patients with SARS-CoV-2 directed treatment other than nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (11%, p = 0.036). No factor was observed explaining the mortality difference in patients after nirmatrelvir/ritonavir administration. Interpretation Haematological malignancy patients were more likely to receive nirmatrelvir/ritonavir when reporting extrapulmonary symptoms or 2nd vaccine booster at COVID-19 onset, as opposed to chronic pulmonary disease and obesity. The mortality rate in patients treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir was lower than in patients with targeted drugs other than nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. Funding EPICOVIDEHA has received funds from Optics COMMIT (COVID-19 Unmet Medical Needs and Associated Research Extension) COVID-19 RFP program by GILEAD Science, United States (Project 2020-8223).
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Alakbarzade V, Maduakor C, Khan U, Khandanpour N, Rhodes E, Pereira AC. Cerebrovascular disease in sickle cell disease. Pract Neurol 2023; 23:131-138. [PMID: 36123118 DOI: 10.1136/pn-2022-003440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most common type of hereditary anaemia and genetic disorder worldwide. Cerebrovascular disease is one of its most devastating complications, with consequent increased morbidity and mortality. Current guidelines suggest that children and adults with SCD who develop acute ischaemic stroke should be transfused without delay. Those with acute ischaemic stroke aged over 18 years who present within 4.5 hours of symptom onset should be considered for intravenous thrombolysis; older patients with conventional vascular risk factors are the most likely to benefit. Endovascular thrombectomy should be considered carefully in adults with SCD as there are few data to guide how the prevalence of cerebral vasculopathy may confound the expected benefits or risks of intervention. We present a practical approach to cerebrovascular disease in sickle cell patients based on the available evidence and our experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vafa Alakbarzade
- Department of Neurology, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Chinedu Maduakor
- Department of Neurology, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Usman Khan
- Department of Neurology, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Nader Khandanpour
- Department of Neuroradiology, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth Rhodes
- Department of Haematology, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Anthony C Pereira
- Department of Neurology, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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van der Vorm LN, Hendriks HA, Smits SM. Performance of the CellaVision DC-1 digital cell imaging analyser for differential counting and morphological classification of blood cells. J Clin Pathol 2023; 76:194-201. [PMID: 34620610 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2021-207863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Recently, a new automated digital cell imaging analyser (Sysmex CellaVision DC-1), intended for use in low-volume and small satellite laboratories, has become available. The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of the DC-1 with the Sysmex DI-60 system and the gold standard, manual microscopy. METHODS White blood cell (WBC) differential counts in 100 normal and 100 abnormal peripheral blood smears were compared between the DC-1, the DI-60 and manual microscopy to establish accuracy, within-run imprecision, clinical sensitivity and specificity. Moreover, the agreement between precharacterisation and postcharacterisation of red blood cell (RBC) morphological abnormalities was determined for the DC-1. RESULTS WBC preclassification and postclassification results of the DC-1 showed good correlation compared with DI-60 results and manual microscopy. In addition, the within-run SD of the DC-1 was below 1 for all five major WBC classes, indicating good reproducibility. Clinical sensitivity and specificity were, respectively, 96.7%/95.9% compared with the DI-60% and 96.6%/95.3% compared with manual microscopy. The overall agreement on RBC morphology between the precharacterisation and postcharacterisation results ranged from 49% (poikilocytosis) to 100% (hypochromasia, microcytosis and macrocytosis). CONCLUSIONS The DC-1 has proven to be an accurate digital cell imaging system for differential counting and morphological classification of WBCs and RBCs in peripheral blood smears. It is a compact and easily operated instrument that can offer low-volume and small satellite laboratories the possibilities of readily available blood cell analysis that can be stored and retrieved for consultation with remote locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa N van der Vorm
- Haematological Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, OLVG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Edoh SP, Sani D, Mbah CE, Yusuf H, Jolayemi KO, Ibrahim MK. Evaluation of the toxicity of crude aqueous Pleurotus tuber-regium (Fr.) Singer extract in mice. J Complement Integr Med 2023; 20:106-111. [PMID: 36450279 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2022-0306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to determine the phytochemical profile and safety of the aqueous extract of Pleurotus tuber regium using laboratory animal model. METHODS The pulverized sample was macerated with water and allowed to stand for 24 h, then filtered. Preliminary qualitative phytochemical screening was carried out on the crude extract and LD50 determination was done using standard procedures. Haematological and serum biochemical parameters to assess the kidney and liver functions were carried out using standard methods. RESULTS The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, saponins, phenolic compounds, tannins, steroids, carbohydrates, flavonoids and terpenoids. However, anthraquinones were observed to be absent in the extracts. The LD50 of the extract was found to be greater than 5,000 mg/kg when administered orally with no physical signs of toxicity and death over the 14-day period. There was no significant (p>0.05) increase in the level of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine (p<0.05) when compared to the control group. There was a significant (p<0.05) increase in the total white blood cells of the mice administered with P. tuber-regium. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that P. tuber-regium (Fr.) Singer does not possess toxic principles, hence, the wide safety margin observed in the mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Princess Edoh
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Dahiru Sani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Christian Emeka Mbah
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Hindatu Yusuf
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Federal University, Dutse, Nigeria
| | - Kelvin Olutimilehin Jolayemi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Mohammad Kamal Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
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Harte JV, Ní Choileáin C, Grieve C, Hooton C, Mykytiv V. A panhaemocytometric approach to COVID-19: the importance of cell population data on Sysmex XN-series analysers in severe disease. Clin Chem Lab Med 2023; 61:e43-e47. [PMID: 36514925 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-1066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James V Harte
- Haematology Department, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Conor Grieve
- Haematology Department, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Carmel Hooton
- Microbiology Department, Cork University Hosipital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Vitaliy Mykytiv
- Haematology Department, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
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Ker K, Mansukhani R, Shakur-Still H, Arribas M, Beaumont D, Roberts I. Tranexamic acid for gastrointestinal bleeding: can a reduction in the risk of death be discounted? A systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data from 64 724 bleeding patients. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e059982. [PMID: 36813490 PMCID: PMC9950890 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES HALT-IT was an international, randomised trial which assessed the effects of tranexamic acid (TXA) in 12 009 patients with gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. The results found no evidence that TXA reduces death. It is widely accepted that results of trials should be interpreted in the context of other relevant evidence. We conducted a systematic review and individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis to assess if the results of HALT-IT are compatible with evidence for TXA in other bleeding conditions. DESIGN Systematic review and IPD meta-analysis of randomised trials involving ≥5000 patients assessing TXA for bleeding. We searched our Antifibrinolytics Trials Register on 1 November 2022. Two authors extracted data and assessed risk of bias. DATA SYNTHESIS We used a one-stage model to analyse IPD in a regression model stratified by trial. We assessed heterogeneity of the effect of TXA on death within 24 hours and vascular occlusive events (VOEs). RESULTS We included IPD for 64 724 patients from four trials involving patients with traumatic, obstetric and GI bleeding. Risk of bias was low. There was no evidence for heterogeneity between trials for the effect of TXA on death or for the effect of TXA on VOEs. TXA reduced the odds of death by 16% (OR=0.84, 95% CI: 0.78 to 0.91, p<0.0001; p-heterogeneity=0.40). In patients treated within 3 hours of bleeding onset, TXA reduced the odds of death by 20% (0.80, 0.73 to 0.88, p<0.0001; p-heterogeneity=0.16). TXA did not increase the odds of VOEs (0.94, 0.81 to 1.08, p for effect=0.36; p-heterogeneity=0.27). CONCLUSIONS There is no evidence for statistical heterogeneity between trials assessing the effect of TXA on death or VOEs in different bleeding conditions. When the HALT-IT results are considered in the context of other evidence, a reduction in the risk of death cannot be discounted. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO CRD42019128260.Cite Now.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine Ker
- Global Health Trials Group, Clinical Trials Unit, LSHTM, London, UK
| | - Raoul Mansukhani
- Global Health Trials Group, Clinical Trials Unit, LSHTM, London, UK
| | | | - Monica Arribas
- Global Health Trials Group, Clinical Trials Unit, LSHTM, London, UK
| | | | - Ian Roberts
- Global Health Trials Group, Clinical Trials Unit, LSHTM, London, UK
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Brett J, Henshall C, Dawson P, Collins GP, Ehlers A, Mitchell-Floyd T, Aspinall A, Gilmour-Hamilton C, Robinson K, Watson E. Examining the levels of psychological support available to patients with haematological cancer in England: a mixed methods study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e060106. [PMID: 36806143 PMCID: PMC9943904 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The psychological impact of a haematological malignancy is well documented. However, few studies have assessed the provision of psychological support to people with these diagnoses. This study explores the extent and nature of psychological support for people diagnosed with haematological cancer to inform future service provision. DESIGN This study consisted of an online survey with healthcare professionals (phase 1) and qualitative interviews with patients (phase 2) and key health professionals (phase 3). A descriptive analysis of survey data and thematic analysis of interviews were conducted. PARTICIPANTS Two hundred health professionals practising in England completed the survey. Twenty-five interviews were conducted with people diagnosed with haematological cancer in the past 3 years, and 10 with key health professionals, including haematologists, cancer nurse specialists and psychologists were conducted. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES Level of psychological assessment undertaken with people with haematological cancer, and level and nature of psychological support provided. RESULTS Less than half (47.3%) of survey respondents strongly agreed/agreed that their patients were well supported in terms of their psychological well-being and approximately half (49.4%) reported providing routine assessment of psychological needs of patients, most commonly at the time of diagnosis or relapse. Patients described their need for psychological support, their experiences of support from health professionals and their experiences of support from psychological therapy services. There was considerable variation in the support patients described receiving. Barriers to providing psychological support reported by health professionals included time, skills, resources and patient barriers. Most doctors (85%) and 40% of nurse respondents reported receiving no training for assessing and managing psychological needs. CONCLUSIONS Psychological well-being should be routinely assessed, and person-centred support should be offered regularly throughout the haematological cancer journey. Greater provision of healthcare professional training in this area and better integration of psychological support services into the patient care pathway are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Brett
- Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Catherine Henshall
- Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
- Research Delivery, Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Paul Dawson
- Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Graham P Collins
- Clinical Haematology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Anke Ehlers
- Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tracy Mitchell-Floyd
- Clinical Haematology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Anya Aspinall
- Clinical Haematology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Kate Robinson
- Patient and Public Involvement, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Eila Watson
- Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
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Bratti VF, Wilson BE, Fazelzad R, Pabani A, Zurn SJ, Johnson S, Sung L, Rodin D. Scoping review protocol on the impact of antimicrobial resistance on cancer management and outcomes. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e068122. [PMID: 36746540 PMCID: PMC9906175 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global public health concern and is becoming a significant challenge in the management of patients with cancer. Due to the immunosuppressive nature of cancer treatment, infection is a common complication and the necessary high usage of antibiotics increases the risk of AMR. Failure to adequately prevent and treat infection in patients with cancer as a result of AMR can increase the morbidity and mortality of the disease. The objective of this scoping review is to understand the relationship between AMR and cancer in order to develop effective antimicrobial stewardship in this patient population and minimise the detrimental effects of AMR on cancer outcomes. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This scoping review will follow the Arksey and O'Malley methodology framework. An exploratory review of the literature on antibiotic resistance in cancer care will help to define the research questions (stage 1). A broad range of electronic databases (MEDLINE ALL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Embase) and search terms will be used to retrieve relevant articles published between 2000 and 2021 (stage 2). Studies will be systematically selected based on the eligibility criteria by two independent reviewers (stage 3). The titles and abstracts will be appraised to determine whether articles meet the eligibility criteria. This will be followed by screening of the full texts and only relevant publications will be retrieved. Data will then be extracted, collated and charted (stage 4); and the summary of aggregated results will be presented (stage 5). ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION As this scoping review will collect and synthesise data from publicly available sources, no ethics review is required. When data collection and summarisation is completed, results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication and the key findings of the review will be presented at relevant conferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa F Bratti
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Global Cancer Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brooke E Wilson
- Global Cancer Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rouhi Fazelzad
- Library and Information Services, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aliyah Pabani
- Department of Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shalini J Zurn
- Union for International Cancer Control, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sonali Johnson
- Union for International Cancer Control, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lillian Sung
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Danielle Rodin
- Global Cancer Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Hospital Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Erjavec V, Svete AN. Thrombocytosis in brachycephalic dogs with brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome. VET MED-CZECH 2023; 68:57-61. [PMID: 38332764 PMCID: PMC10847823 DOI: 10.17221/23/2021-vetmed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Brachycephalic dogs are prone to a conformation-related respiratory disorder known as brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS). Due to its systemic consequences, BOAS should be considered a systemic disease. The aim of the present study was to investigate platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), and plateletcrit (PCT) in patients with various grades of BOAS and non-brachycephalic dogs. The latter served as a control group. We included 106 patients with BOAS and 41 non-brachycephalic dogs. According to the severity of the disease, BOAS patients were classified into grade 1 (17 dogs), grade 2 (42 dogs), and grade 3 (47 dogs). Thrombocytosis was found in 46% (49/106) of all BOAS patients. High platelet mass was found in 62% (66/106) of all BOAS patients. We found significantly (P < 0.05) higher PLT, MPV, and PCT in BOAS patients of all grades compared to non-brachycephalic dogs. However, further studies are needed to clarify the role of PLT and platelet indices in BOAS and their relationship with inflammation and hypercoagulability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimira Erjavec
- University of Ljubljana, Veterinary Faculty, Small Animal Clinic, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alenka Nemec Svete
- University of Ljubljana, Veterinary Faculty, Small Animal Clinic, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Abstract
A 48-year-old gentleman who had recently commenced chemotherapy for diffuse B-cell lymphoma was admitted to hospital with nausea and generalised weakness. He developed abdominal pain and oliguric acute kidney injury with multiple electrolyte derangements and was transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU). His condition deteriorated, requiring endotracheal intubation and renal replacement therapy (RRT). Tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) is a common and life-threatening complication of chemotherapy and represents an oncological emergency. TLS affects multiple organ systems and is best managed in the ICU with closer monitoring of fluid balance, serum electrolytes, cardiorespiratory and renal function. TLS patients may go on to require mechanical ventilation and RRT. TLS patients require input from a large multidisciplinary team of clinicians and allied health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Chapman
- Critical Care Department, Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust, Harlow, UK
| | - Sita Shah
- Critical Care Department, Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust, Harlow, UK
| | - Alberto D'Angelo
- Department of Biology & Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
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