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Micheline P, Vanrie J, Petermans A, Smetcoren AS. Exploring older migrants' meaning-making of 'happiness': "The main thing is health. Young people might say otherwise.". Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2024; 19:2300873. [PMID: 38184797 PMCID: PMC10773646 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2300873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE As our ageing population is growing and diversifying, it is important to gain insight into the well-being of older migrants. However, the meanings of happiness can vary cross-culturally. Therefore, prior to exploring older migrants' happiness, their meaning-making of "happiness" should be explored. This way, cultural or individual variations can be considered when analysing older migrants' happiness. Not only migration background but also age could influence the meaning of well-being. For example, the meaning of well-being can change as people grow older. Therefore, both migration background and age are considered in exploring older migrants' meaning-making of happiness. METHODS To do so, in-depth interviews with older migrants (n = 22) from various ethnicities were conducted in which their meaning-making of happiness was questioned via a semi-structured interview guide. RESULTS After analysing the results via thematic analysis, three overarching themes are discussed: (1) happiness associations, (2) happiness-pursuing strategies, and (3) happiness obstructions. The analysis then further focuses on the role of migration background and ageing on the meaning-making of happiness. CONCLUSIONS Participants' meaning-making of happiness seems strongly imbued with age-related references. On the contrary, the impact of migration background is rather limited. To explain this difference, the value of incorporating participants' life course experiences emerged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phlix Micheline
- Architecture and Arts, UHasselt – Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jan Vanrie
- Architecture and Arts, UHasselt – Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Ann Petermans
- Architecture and Arts, UHasselt – Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - An-Sofie Smetcoren
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
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Mason AE, Benson L, Hale V, Oslund M, Robinson A. Exploring Food Allergy Management and Food-Related Social Occupations in Elementary School-Aged Children. OTJR (Thorofare N J) 2024; 44:287-295. [PMID: 37377178 DOI: 10.1177/15394492231181091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Elementary school-aged children with food allergies face barriers to navigating safe food practices in concert with socializing while eating. Little research examines children's role in managing their health (i.e., a food allergy). OBJECTIVES This qualitative descriptive study explores the experiences of preadolescent children with food allergies relating to food allergy management and socialization in various foodscapes in the United States. METHOD Data gathering strategies included interviews, diaries, and photo elicitation. The analysis involved coding, discussion, and thematic development. FINDINGS Participants shared food allergy management with caregivers depending on the environment. They learned to educate others, respond to emergencies, and prepare daily relating to food allergies. They faced conflict with managing food allergies with peers but overall perceived food allergy management as a low burden. CONCLUSION When provided with positive social and environmental supports, school-aged children with food allergies can learn to safely manage social food environments without direct parental involvement.
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Öztürk G, Timarcioğlu K, Dikeç G, Karali E, Nacaroğlu H, Çakir H, Harmanci Seren AK. Syrian refugees' experiences while receiving mental health services and psychiatric nursing care: A qualitative study. J Adv Nurs 2024; 80:1511-1522. [PMID: 37849232 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study examined the experiences of Syrian refugees in a community centre in Turkiye as they access mental health services and receive psychiatric nursing care. DESIGN A qualitative design was adopted in the study. METHODS Data were collected from southern Turkiye between November and December 2021. The researchers conducted three semi-structured focus group interviews. Colaizzi's phenomenological method was followed to analyse the qualitative data. A total of 19 Syrian refugees participated in the focus group interviews. RESULTS Three key themes related to immigrants' experiences of receiving mental health services and nursing care were identified: barriers to receiving mental health services, coping with negative experiences in Turkiye and satisfaction with mental health services. The participants identified the barriers they experienced while receiving health services as those pertaining to language, discrimination and stigmatization. They also mentioned the methods of coping with these negative experiences in Turkiye. Despite their negative experiences, they expressed satisfaction with the mental health services they received, especially psychiatric nursing care. CONCLUSIONS This study determined that Syrian refugees face barriers in accessing and receiving mental health services. They stated that mental health professionals in Turkiye approach them with empathy, particularly those in psychiatric nursing. Healthcare professionals may be trained in culturally sensitive care to increase awareness. IMPACT Studies have frequently examined the experiences of nurses providing care to refugees, but few have focused on evaluating nursing care from the perspective of refugees. Syrian refugees have reported various obstacles in accessing and receiving mental healthcare services. Health professionals, especially psychiatric nurses in mental health psychosocial support centres, must facilitate the processes to eliminate these obstacles. REPORTING METHOD The consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) were used. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION No patient or public involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Öztürk
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fenerbahce University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Gül Dikeç
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fenerbahce University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ece Karali
- The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, New Cross Hospital, Wolverhampton, UK
| | | | - Hanife Çakir
- University of Health Sciences Istanbul Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Mental Health and Neurological Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Parker JE, Enders CK, Fitzpatrick SL, Mahasin S M, Laraia BA, Epel ES, Tomiyama AJ. Longitudinal associations between adolescent skin color satisfaction and adult health outcomes in Black women. Health Psychol 2024; 43:289-297. [PMID: 38059930 PMCID: PMC10939857 DOI: 10.1037/hea0001336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although emerging studies examine the inverse relationship between body satisfaction and disordered eating for Black women, it has not been established how racially salient aspects of body satisfaction may have implications for eating behaviors and longitudinal health outcomes. METHOD In a longitudinal sample of 455 Black women, we examined whether skin color satisfaction across ages 10-15 was directly related to adult health outcomes at age 40 (e.g., disordered eating, self-esteem, self-reported health, depressive symptoms, and cardiovascular risk). We also investigated the indirect impact of skin color satisfaction on adult health, mediated by body satisfaction, and binge eating. RESULTS No significant direct or indirect effects of adolescent skin color satisfaction were observed for depressive symptoms or cardiovascular health outcomes. At ages 10 and 12, skin color satisfaction had negative and positive direct effects, respectively, on self-esteem. At age 15, greater skin color satisfaction was directly associated with greater self-reported health. Post hoc analyses revealed that when additionally accounting for adolescent body satisfaction, greater skin color satisfaction was indirectly associated with greater self-esteem and self-reported health, alongside lower cardiovascular risk. CONCLUSIONS Although previous research suggests that in adolescence, Black girls' skin color satisfaction affects both body satisfaction and disordered eating behaviors, this association does not hold into midlife. Rather, post hoc analyses suggest that the lasting effects of adolescent skin color satisfaction are mediated by the longitudinal stability of body satisfaction, which in turn, is associated with adult health outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Craig K. Enders
- University of California Los Angeles, Department of Psychology
| | | | - Mujahid Mahasin S
- University of California Berkeley, School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology
| | - Barbara A. Laraia
- University of California Berkeley School of Public Health, Division of Public Health Nutrition
| | - Elissa S. Epel
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
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Tamambang R, Kusi-Mensah K, Bella-Awusah T, Ogunmola O, Afolayan A, Toska E, Hertzog L, Rudgard W, Evans R, Omigbodun O. Identifying potential catalysts to accelerate the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) among adolescents living in Nigeria. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2024; 29:868-887. [PMID: 38305209 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2023.2289476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Investing in adolescents in Africa holds great promise for the development of the continent. The steps involved in identifying factors linked to interventions that may accelerate the attainment of multiple SDGs for adolescents in Nigeria are described. Data from a survey to investigate the well-being of 1800 adolescents aged 10-19 years in Southwest Nigeria was analysed. A four-step process was employed: 1) Mapping of variables deemed as suitable proxies for SDG targets; 2) Mapping hypothesised protective factors (accelerators) from the study instruments. Consequently, SDG targets related to elimination of hunger, good health, gender equality and peace; and seven accelerators (safe schools, parenting support, good mental health, no survival work, food security, stable childhood, and regular physical activity) were identified; 3) evaluating associations using bivariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression, 4) calculating adjusted probabilities. The mean age of the adolescents was 15.02 ± 2.27 years (48.6% female). Good mental health, not doing survival work, safe schools, stable childhood and parental support were significantly associated with at least two SDG targets. For example, food security was significantly associated with the highest number of SDG outcomes: one SDG target related to child survival (no substance use: x2 = 3.39, p = <0.001); three SDG targets related to educational outcomes (school progression: x2 = 5.68, p = 0.017, ability to concentrate in school: x2 = 26.92, p = <0.001, and school attendance: x2 = 25.89, p = <0.001); and four SDG targets related to child protection (no risky sexual behaviours: x2 = 16.14, p = <0.001, no perpetration of violence: x2 = 15.74, p = <0.001, no community violence: x2 = 39.06, p =<0.001, and no sexual abuse: x2 = 7.66, p = 0.006). Interventions centred around good mental health, not doing survival work, safe schools, small family size, stable childhood and parental support are potential accelerators for the attainment of SDG outcomes by adolescents living in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Tamambang
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Kwabena Kusi-Mensah
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Tolulope Bella-Awusah
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olusegun Ogunmola
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adeola Afolayan
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Elona Toska
- Centre for Social Science Research, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Social Policy and Intervention, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Lucas Hertzog
- Centre for Social Science Research, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Robin Evans
- Department of Statistics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Olayinka Omigbodun
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Lucchese E. How important are delays in treatment for health outcomes? The case of ambulance response time and cardiovascular events. Health Econ 2024; 33:652-673. [PMID: 38148482 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The cost effectiveness of medical treatments is not precisely known due to the compounding effect of multiple determining factors. Ambulance response time (RT) to emergency calls is exploited to learn more about the effect of the timing of treatment on health outcomes. This causal relation is identified by exploiting rainfall at the time of the ambulance run as a shock to RT. The analysis focuses on patients who have undergone a cardiac event and shows that a one-minute increase in average RT leads to 105 more deaths each year in one Italian region. Finally, the economic value of the lives that would be saved by reducing RT is quantified to facilitate policymaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lucchese
- Department of Economics, Management and Statistics, University of Milan Bicocca, Milano, Italy
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Maggard HL, Habing GG, Renaud DL, Proudfoot KL, England ZA, Cheng TY, Wilson DJ, Moran M, Pempek JA. Condition of surplus dairy calves during marketing: A cross-sectional study. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:2444-2453. [PMID: 37923207 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
In North America, surplus dairy calves are sold soon after birth and often marketed through a third party (e.g., live auction, livestock dealer) before entering veal or dairy beef production. Previous work has demonstrated that a percentage of calves have failed transfer of passive immunity (FTPI) and clinical signs of disease on arrival at calf-raising facilities, but little is known regarding calf condition during marketing. The objectives of this cross-sectional study were to (1) estimate the prevalence of FTPI and poor health outcomes in surplus calves on arrival at livestock dealers, and (2) investigate the association between calf-level variables (body weight, sex, source) and health outcomes. Two livestock dealers in Ohio were visited 2 to 3 times per week, with approximately 28 calves enrolled in the study per visit for a total of 1,119 calves. One blood sample per calf was obtained to evaluate FTPI by measuring serum total protein concentrations (using a cutoff <5.1 g/dL). Calves were clinically evaluated for signs of arthritis, broken ribs or tail, dehydration, depression, diarrhea, fever, navel inflammation, and respiratory disease by 2 observers; health outcomes were dichotomized using clinically relevant cut points. Descriptive statistics were used to estimate the prevalence of calves with poor health outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression models were built to investigate the effect of body weight, sex, and source on health outcomes. Nineteen percent (206/1,091) of calves had FTPI.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Maggard
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agriculture, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - G G Habing
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - D L Renaud
- Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, N1G 2W1
| | - K L Proudfoot
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada, C1A 4P3
| | - Z A England
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agriculture, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - T-Y Cheng
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - D J Wilson
- Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, N1G 2W1
| | - M Moran
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - J A Pempek
- Livestock Behavior Research Unit, USDA Agricultural Research Service, West Lafayette, IN 47907.
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Atler KE, Krishnagiri S. College Students' Adaptations of Activities and Experiences During the Pandemic Occupational Disruption. OTJR (Thorofare N J) 2024; 44:296-305. [PMID: 38158833 DOI: 10.1177/15394492231216353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
During life disruptions, people adapt their activities responding to environmental stressors, resulting in new routines that support well-being. To explore college students' daily life experiences during the pandemic. Thirty students completed three time-use diaries, and responded to a survey on activity change during Coronavirus Disease 2019, satisfaction with social/leisure occupations, and well-being. Survey questions, duration of activities, and levels of were analyzed across 3 days. Exercise, school, socializing, and work were the most changed, often eliminating the activity, or modifying the activity, social context, or location. Time-use data indicated participants engaged in similar types of activities compared with nonpandemic times, but experienced different levels of pleasure and productivity related to some activities. Participants adjusted their activities/experiences to support their well-being. Examination of students' occupations and experiences uncovered the dynamic interaction between all levels of context-the macro (pandemic) and the micro (place to study).
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Arslan Topal EI, Öbek E, Topal M. Is Cladophora fracta an efficient tool of accumulating critical raw materials from wastewater and there a potential health risk of use of algae as organic fertilizer? Int J Environ Health Res 2024; 34:1977-1994. [PMID: 37097044 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2203905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study investigation of accumulations of critical raw materials (cobalt (Co), antimony (Sb), vanadium (V), lanthanum (La) and tungsten (W)) from wastewater by using C. fracta were aimed. Besides, assessment of the potential health risks in terms of the use of organic fertilizer obtained from the macroalga to be harvested from the treatment were also aimed. Highest Co, Sb, V, La and W accumulations by algae in reactor were 125±6.2%, 201.25±10%, 318.18±15%, 357.97±18%, and 500±25%, respectively. When compared with control, Co, Sb, V, La and W in algae increased 2.25, 3.01, 4.18, 4.58, and 6 times, respectively. The algae was very high bioaccumulative for Co and La. Highest MPI was calculated as 3.94. Non-carcinogenic risk of CRMs according to different exposure types (ingestion, inhalation, and dermal) were calculated for man, woman and child. There is not any non-carcinogenic risk from the investigated exposure ways of algae as organic fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Işıl Arslan Topal
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Firat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Erdal Öbek
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Firat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Murat Topal
- Department of Chemistry Processing Technologies, Tunceli Vocation School, Munzur University, Tunceli, Turkey
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Matta L, Blaas L, Gibis C, Guerra J. Functions require junctions: endurance exercise protects from age-induced alterations of the neuromuscular system. J Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38530283 DOI: 10.1113/jp286232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Matta
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lukas Blaas
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Gibis
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Joel Guerra
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
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Price EC, Roberts A, Bennett L, Glendewar G, Wormell D. Weight as an indicator of enclosure suitability in Livingstone's fruit bats (Pteropus livingstonii). Zoo Biol 2024. [PMID: 38529876 DOI: 10.1002/zoo.21829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is common in zoo animals, and both dietary management and the provision of adequate opportunities for exercise are needed to tackle it. We used 30 years of records from Jersey Zoo to compare the weight and forearm length of wild and captive-born Livingstone's fruit bats (Pteropus livingstonii), and to assess the impact on weight of enclosure space. The mean capture weight of wild-caught male Livingstone's bats was 657 g, significantly higher than that of females (544 g). In both wild and captive-born bats, males had significantly longer forearms than females, but there was no effect of birth location. Males weighed more in the mating season than at other times of year. Both sexes gained more weight during development if born in enclosures that restricted flight rather than a large aviary; this was particularly noticeable in females. After reaching maturity at 3 years, weights of bats born in restricted enclosures continued to increase, reached a peak of over 1000 g at 8-10 years, and then declined in both sexes. The weight of bats born in the aviary remained more stable after the age of three. Like wild bats, adult females born in the aviary weighed less than males. However, females born in restricted enclosures weighed more than males born in the same enclosures. Enclosure designs that maximize opportunities for flight can limit excessive weight gain in captive fruit bats and may therefore improve fitness and health, essential in planning for future reintroduction programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alex Roberts
- Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust, Trinity, Jersey
| | - Laura Bennett
- Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust, Trinity, Jersey
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Budi HS, Catalan Opulencia MJ, Afra A, Abdelbasset WK, Abdullaev D, Majdi A, Taherian M, Ekrami HA, Mohammadi MJ. Source, toxicity and carcinogenic health risk assessment of heavy metals. Rev Environ Health 2024; 39:77-90. [PMID: 36181731 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2022-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals are chemical elements with unique properties that are toxic even in low concentrations and affect human health with different functions. Agricultural and industrial activities, improper disposal of household solid waste and residues related to industrial producers, discharge of household wastewater and agricultural fertilizers are the most important ways in which toxic heavy metals enter the environment, which harms human health and life. A narrative review of the literature was done from 2000 to 2022 based on searched databases included Google Scholar, PubMed, Springer, Web of Science, and Science Direct (Scopus). All relevant studies published 2000 until 2022 gathered. According to the databases, 820 articles were retrieved. 186 and 50 articles were found and selected based on records identified through database searching and additional records identified through other sources. In the next stage, 97 studies were screened after review and 64 full-text articles entered into the analysis process. Finally, 45 articles were selected in this study. Adverse effects of heavy metals on various conditions in the body depend on a number of factors, including dose, route of exposure and chemical species, as well as age, sex, genetics, nutritional status, and duration of exposure to the heavy metal. The existence of significant relationships between long-term and short-term exposure to toxic heavy metals and their adverse effects, including carcinogenicity, has been extensively studied and proven through numerous experiments. However, the mechanisms associated with this complication have not been properly identified, so in future research, there is a great need for comprehensive studies on the carcinogenicity of heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Setia Budi
- Department of Oral Biology, Dental Pharmacology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60132 Indonesia
| | | | - Arghavan Afra
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dilmurod Abdullaev
- Dean of the Pediatric Dentistry, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
- Research Scholar, Department of Scientific affairs, Samarkand State Medical Institute, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Ali Majdi
- Al-Mustaqbal University College: Civil Engineering Al-Hilla, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Masoume Taherian
- Student Research Komiteh, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hafez Ajam Ekrami
- Student Research Komiteh, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Mohammadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Vega-Díaz M, Martinent G, González-García H. The relationship between motivation profiles for health-oriented physical activity, basic psychological needs and emotional regulation. J Health Psychol 2024:13591053241240981. [PMID: 38527942 DOI: 10.1177/13591053241240981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The study of motivation toward health-oriented physical activity helps to know the reasons that guide people to practice physical activity. Moreover, different types and levels of motivation may coexist. As such, this paper aimed to analyze the combination of motivation for health-oriented physical activity profiles and examine whether profiles differed in emotional regulation and basic psychological needs. A sample of 808 Spanish adults between 18 and 65 years old (Mage = 33.90; Standard Deviation = 12.91; 366 men) participated in a cross-sectional study. Results revealed the existence of three different motivational profiles: (a) Low scores in self-determined motivation and average-high scores in non-self-determined motivation; (b) Average scores in self-determined and non-self-determined motivation; (c) High scores in self-determined motivation and average-high in non-self-determined motivation. Furthermore, participants differed in the satisfaction of basic psychological needs and cognitive-emotional regulation strategies depending on the profiles combination that they perceive. In conclusion, practitioners need to enhance an optimal combination of motivation profiles to satisfy better basic psychological needs and the use of functional cognitive-emotional regulation strategies since this could help improve psychological and emotional health in adults.
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Choudry M, Ganti L. Exploration of the Motivational Factors that Influence the Maintenance of Health. Health Psychol Res 2024; 12:115356. [PMID: 38533343 PMCID: PMC10963256 DOI: 10.52965/001c.115356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to identify motivators influencing individuals' commitment to maintaining positive health trajectories across different demographics. The primary objective is to leverage this knowledge to enhance patient-physician relationships and improve the quality of care. Methods A web-based survey collected data from 204 randomly selected participants aged 16 and older. The survey assessed participants' self-rated health, health-related habits, and motivators for a healthy lifestyle. Open-ended responses were included. Results Participants had a mean self-rated health score of 6.24 (scale: one to ten). Motivation scores for health-related factors averaged 3.25 (scale: one to five), with caregiving responsibility scoring 3.07 (scale: one to five), mainly among women. Motivators related to personal productivity and values scored 3.44 (scale: one to five), while cultural or religious beliefs scored lowest at 2.89 (scale: one to five). Common themes from free responses included longevity, quality of life, personal well-being, family, independence, prevention of complications, health goals, finances, and faith, listed by frequency. Among participants, only 30% had chronic diseases, but 80% of those with chronic conditions were motivated to improve their health. Conclusion This survey gathered valuable data on motivators for maintaining positive health trajectories. The findings have implications for improving patient-physician relationships and healthcare delivery. Understanding individuals' motivators can inform tailored interventions and personalized care approaches.
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Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Platelet index ratios in HIV: Emerging biomarkers for immune health and disease management. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37576. [PMID: 38518025 PMCID: PMC10956946 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is a global health challenge that requires continuous advancements in diagnostic and prognostic tools. Traditional markers, such as CD4 cell counts and viral load, have played a crucial role in monitoring disease progression and guiding therapeutic interventions. However, emerging research suggests that platelet index ratios may serve as valuable biomarkers in assessing immune health and managing HIV-associated complications. This paper explores the significance of platelet index ratios, including platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet volume-to-lymphocyte ratio, as potential indicators of immune system status in individuals living with HIV. The interplay between platelets, lymphocytes, and their ratios reflects the dynamic nature of the immune response and inflammatory processes during HIV infection. Understanding the role of platelet index ratios in HIV could lead to the development of accessible and cost-effective biomarkers for monitoring immune health. Implementation of these ratios in routine clinical practice may enhance the precision of disease prognosis and guide personalized treatment strategies. Additionally, the exploration of platelet index ratios may pave the way for innovative therapeutic interventions aimed at modulating immune responses in HIV-infected individuals. In conclusion, platelet index ratios represent promising emerging biomarkers for evaluating immune health and managing HIV-related complications. Further research and clinical validation are warranted to establish the utility of these ratios in routine HIV care, potentially revolutionizing the approach to monitoring and improving the health outcomes of individuals living with HIV.
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Arnold V, Purnat TD, Marten R, Pattison A, Gouda H. Chatbots and COVID-19: Taking Stock of the Lessons Learned. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e54840. [PMID: 38512309 PMCID: PMC10959167 DOI: 10.2196/54840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
While digital innovation in health was already rapidly evolving, the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the generation of digital technology tools, such as chatbots, to help increase access to crucial health information and services to those who were cut off or had limited contact with health services. This theme issue titled "Chatbots and COVID-19" presents articles from researchers and practitioners across the globe, describing the development, implementation, and evaluation of chatbots designed to address a wide range of health concerns and services. In this editorial, we present some of the key challenges and lessons learned arising from the content of this theme issue. Most notably, we note that a stronger evidence base is needed to ensure that chatbots and other digital tools are developed to best serve the needs of population health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Arnold
- Department of Social Determinants of Health, Division of UHC Healthier Populations, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tina D Purnat
- Department of Epidemic and Pandemic Preparedness and Prevention, Emergencies Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
- University of Memphis School of Public Health, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Robert Marten
- Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research, Science Division, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Andrew Pattison
- Department of Digital Health and Innovation, Science Division, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Hebe Gouda
- Department of Health Promotion, Division of UHC Healthier Populations, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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Navarro-Simarro P, Gómez-Gómez L, Ahrazem O, Rubio-Moraga Á. Food and human health applications of edible mushroom by-products. N Biotechnol 2024:S1871-6784(24)00010-4. [PMID: 38521182 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Mushroom waste can account for up to 50% of the total mushroom mass. Spent mushroom substrate, misshapen mushrooms, and mushroom stems are examples of mushroom byproducts. In ancient cultures, fungi were prized for their medicinal properties. Aqueous extracts containing high levels of β-glucans as functional components capable of providing prebiotic polysaccharides and improved texture to foods have been widely used and new methods have been tested to improve extraction yields. Similarly, the addition of insoluble polysaccharides controls the glycemic index, counteracting the effects of increasingly high-calorie diets. Numerous studies support these benefits in vitro, but evidence in vivo is scarce. Nonetheless, many authors have created a variety of functional foods, ranging from yogurt to noodles. In this review, we focus on the pharmacological properties of edible mushroom by-products, and the possible risks derived from its consumption. By incorporating these by-products into human or animal feed formulations, mushroom producers will be able to fully optimize crop use and pave the way for the industry to move toward a zero-waste paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Navarro-Simarro
- Instituto Botánico. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, Albacete 02071, Spain
| | - Lourdes Gómez-Gómez
- Instituto Botánico. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, Albacete 02071, Spain; Facultad de Farmacia. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, Albacete 02071, Spain
| | - Oussama Ahrazem
- Instituto Botánico. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, Albacete 02071, Spain; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y de Montes y Biotecnología. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha.
| | - Ángela Rubio-Moraga
- Instituto Botánico. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, Albacete 02071, Spain; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y de Montes y Biotecnología. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha.
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Zhang S, Huang Y, Wang X, Wang H. Health Disparities Among Family Decision-Makers in China: An Ordered Probit Analysis of the China Family Panel Studies. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2024; 17:635-647. [PMID: 38528941 PMCID: PMC10961237 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s443930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The family decision-makers serve as the backbone of the family, and their health status warrants consideration. This study aims to explore how the health status of this group of people, namely the family decision-making group, is affected, and to delve into the mechanisms of influence based on this. The goal is to provide reliable evidence and strategies for the health management of the family decision-makers group, contributing to the achievement of the "Healthy China 2030" Planning Outline. Patients and Methods Drawing on data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), this study utilizes an Ordered Probit Model to analyze and compare the health status of family decision-makers and non-decision-makers. Results The findings indicate that decision-makers tend to experience poorer health outcomes than other family members, with increased pressure related to decision-making identified as a significant contributor to their declining health. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the negative effect is less pronounced in households with higher net worth but more pronounced in those with more significant housing, education, and medical spending pressures. Moreover, this study analysis highlights that enhancing individual or family socioeconomic status can alleviate the adverse health effects experienced by family decision-makers. Conclusion The study reveals the presence of certain health adverse effects among family decision-makers. The implications drawn from this research hold significance for the health management of this demographic, underscoring the necessity for tailored interventions aimed at addressing the distinctive challenges confronted by this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songbiao Zhang
- School of Business, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Huang
- School of Business, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xining Wang
- School of Business, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huilin Wang
- School of Business, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
- Moray House School of Education and Sport, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
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Aycock CA, Mallawaarachchi I, Wang XQ, Cassidy DG, Ellis JM, Klesges RC, Talcott GW, Wiseman K. Developing a Text Messaging Intervention to Prevent Binge and Heavy Drinking in a Military Population: Mixed Methods Development Study. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e55041. [PMID: 38502165 DOI: 10.2196/55041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol misuse is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States and a significant problem in the US military. Brief alcohol interventions can reduce negative alcohol outcomes in civilian and military populations, but additional scalable interventions are needed to reduce binge and heavy drinking. SMS text messaging interventions could address this need, but to date, no programs exist for military populations. OBJECTIVE We aimed to develop an SMS text messaging intervention to address binge and heavy drinking among Airmen in Technical Training in the US Air Force. METHODS We implemented a 2-phase, mixed methods study to develop the SMS text messaging intervention. In phase 1, a total of 149 respondents provided feedback about the persuasiveness of 49 expert-developed messages, preferences regarding message frequency, timing and days to receive messages, and suggested messages, which were qualitatively coded. In phase 2, a total of 283 respondents provided feedback about the persuasiveness of 77 new messages, including those developed through the refinement of messages from phase 1, which were coded and assessed based on the Behavior Change Technique Taxonomy (BCTT). For both phases, mean persuasiveness scores (range 1-5) were calculated and compared according to age (aged <21 or ≥21 years) and gender. Top-ranking messages from phase 2 were considered for inclusion in the final message library. RESULTS In phase 1, top-rated message themes were about warnings about adverse outcomes (eg, impaired judgment and financial costs), recommendations to reduce drinking, and invoking values and goals. Through qualitative coding of suggested messages, we identified themes related to warnings about adverse outcomes, recommendations, prioritizing long-term goals, team and belonging, and invoking values and goals. Respondents preferred to receive 1 to 3 messages per week (124/137, 90.5%) and to be sent messages on Friday, Saturday, and Sunday (65/142, 45.8%). In phase 2, mean scores for messages in the final message library ranged from 3.31 (SD 1.29) to 4.21 (SD 0.90). Of the top 5 highest-rated messages, 4 were categorized into 2 behavior change techniques (BCTs): valued self-identity and information about health consequences. The final message library includes 28 BCTT-informed messages across 13 BCTs, with messages having similar scores across genders. More than one-fourth (8/28, 29%) of the final messages were informed by the suggested messages from phase 1. As Airmen aged <21 years face harsher disciplinary action for alcohol consumption, the program is tailored based on the US legal drinking age. CONCLUSIONS This study involved members from the target population throughout 2 formative stages of intervention development to design a BCTT-informed SMS text messaging intervention to reduce binge and heavy drinking, which is now being tested in an efficacy trial. The results will determine the impact of the intervention on binge drinking and alcohol consumption in the US Air Force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chase A Aycock
- United States Air Force, 37th Human Performance Squadron, Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland Air Force Base, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Indika Mallawaarachchi
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Xin-Qun Wang
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Daniel G Cassidy
- United States Air Force, 37th Training Wing, Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland Air Force Base, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Jordan M Ellis
- United States Air Force, Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center, 59th Medical Wing, Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland Air Force Base, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Robert C Klesges
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - G Wayne Talcott
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Kara Wiseman
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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20
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Strilbytska O, Klishch S, Storey KB, Koliada A, Lushchak O. INTERMITTENT FASTING AND LONGEVITY: FROM ANIMAL MODELS TO IMPLICATION FOR HUMANS. Ageing Res Rev 2024:102274. [PMID: 38499159 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, intermittent fasting (IF) and its numerous modifications have been increasingly suggested as a promising therapy for age-related problems and a non-pharmacological strategy to extend lifespan. Despite the great variability in feeding schedules that we describe in the current work, underlying physiological processes are the same and include a periodic switch from glucose metabolism (generated by glycogenolysis) to fatty acids and fatty acid-derived ketones. Many of the beneficial effects of IF appear to be mediated by optimization of energy utilization. Findings to date from both human and animal experiments indicate that fasting improves physiological function, enhances performance, and slows aging and disease processes. In this review, we discuss some of the remarkable discoveries about the beneficial effects of IF on metabolism, endocrine and cardiovascular systems, cancer prevention, brain health, neurodegeneration and aging. Experimental studies on rodent models and human investigations are summarized to compare the outcomes and underlying mechanisms of IF. Metabolic and cellular responses triggered by IF could help to achieve the aim of preventing disease, and maximizing healthspan and longevity with minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olha Strilbytska
- Deparment of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Shevchenka 57, 76018, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Svitlana Klishch
- Deparment of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Shevchenka 57, 76018, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Kenneth B Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Alexander Koliada
- D.F. Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology, NAMS, 67 Vyshgorodska str., Kyiv, 04114, Ukraine
| | - Oleh Lushchak
- Deparment of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Shevchenka 57, 76018, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine; Research and Development University, 13a Shota Rustaveli str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine.
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21
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Vasconcelos PA, Paúl C, Nobre PJ. Biopsychosocial determinants of sexual health in older age: the role of health-related, relationship, and psychosexual factors. J Sex Med 2024:qdae027. [PMID: 38490973 DOI: 10.1093/jsxmed/qdae027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the unprecedented aging of the population and the increased focus on overall well-being in older age, investigating the determining factors of sexual well-being in older adults becomes essential as it offers insights into promoting healthy aging and overall quality of life. AIM By applying the biopsychosocial model of sexuality in older age, we aimed to identify the role of biomedical and psychosocial factors in predicting sexual well-being in partnered older adults (≥55 years old). METHODS A total of 111 participants (mean [SD], 63.2 [5.96]) completed a self-report questionnaire assessing biopsychosocial dimensions. Bivariate correlational analyses and hierarchical multiple regression were conducted to investigate factors associated with sexual well-being. Health-related factors were entered into the first regression model. The second model included factors pertaining to relationship dimensions. Sexual beliefs were introduced in the third regression model. OUTCOMES Self-rated health, psychological distress, subjective cognitive decline, sexual beliefs, duration of the relationship, relationship satisfaction, and sexual well-being were assessed. RESULTS Findings from the hierarchical regression revealed that duration of relationship [t(104) = -3.07, P < .01], relationship satisfaction [t(104) = 8.49, P < .001], and age-related sexual beliefs [t(104) = -2.75, P < .01] were significant predictors of sexual well-being of partnered older adults [F(6, 104) = 22.77, P < .001, R2 = .57], after controlling for health-related factors. These findings suggest that relationship factors and sexual beliefs play a significant role in predicting sexual well-being of older adults, above and beyond health-related dimensions. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Interventional approaches aimed at promoting sexual well-being in older age might benefit from incorporating exercises that demystify age-related sexual beliefs, by normalizing changes that occur with aging and fostering positive attitudes toward sexual expression in older age; particularly for older adults in long-term relationships, relationship satisfaction must also be considered as an important intervention target. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS Further investigation using longitudinal designs is required to examine the causal links between these factors and sexual well-being in older age. CONCLUSION Findings from this study underscore the role of relationship dimensions and age-related sexual beliefs for the sexual well-being of partnered older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila A Vasconcelos
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Porto. Rua Alfredo Allen, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Constança Paúl
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Pedro J Nobre
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Porto. Rua Alfredo Allen, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
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22
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Sánchez CA, Phelps KL, Frank HK, Geldenhuys M, Griffiths ME, Jones DN, Kettenburg G, Lunn TJ, Moreno KR, Mortlock M, Vicente-Santos A, Víquez-R LR, Kading RC, Markotter W, Reeder DM, Olival KJ. Advances in understanding bat infection dynamics across biological scales. Proc Biol Sci 2024; 291:20232823. [PMID: 38444339 PMCID: PMC10915549 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.2823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades, research on bat-associated microbes such as viruses, bacteria and fungi has dramatically increased. Here, we synthesize themes from a conference symposium focused on advances in the research of bats and their microbes, including physiological, immunological, ecological and epidemiological research that has improved our understanding of bat infection dynamics at multiple biological scales. We first present metrics for measuring individual bat responses to infection and challenges associated with using these metrics. We next discuss infection dynamics within bat populations of the same species, before introducing complexities that arise in multi-species communities of bats, humans and/or livestock. Finally, we outline critical gaps and opportunities for future interdisciplinary work on topics involving bats and their microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hannah K. Frank
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Marike Geldenhuys
- Centre for Viral Zoonoses, Department of Medical Virology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Devin N. Jones
- Department of Microbiology & Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | | | - Tamika J. Lunn
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Kelsey R. Moreno
- Department of Psychology, Saint Xavier University, Chicago, IL 60655, USA
| | - Marinda Mortlock
- Centre for Viral Zoonoses, Department of Medical Virology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Luis R. Víquez-R
- Department of Biology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA 17837, USA
| | - Rebekah C. Kading
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Center for Vector-borne and Infectious Diseases, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Wanda Markotter
- Centre for Viral Zoonoses, Department of Medical Virology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - DeeAnn M. Reeder
- Department of Biology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA 17837, USA
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Coyle EF. Physical inactivity causes exercise resistance of fat metabolism: harbinger or culprit of disease? J Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38477868 DOI: 10.1113/jp284169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity is the fourth leading cause of death in the world. It is associated with myriad diseases and premature death. Two possible contributing factors are postprandial lipidaemia (PPL), which accelerates atherosclerosis, and impaired whole-body fat oxidation, which contributes to obesity. Acute exercise in physically active people is effective for increasing whole body fat oxidation and lowering PPL the next morning. However, in people who have low physical activity (<8000 steps/day), an acute bout of exercise (1 h at 62% maximal oxygen consumption) has no effect on increasing fat oxidation or reducing PPL ('exercise resistance'). The acute harms of inactivity are not due to the lack of exercise and are more powerful than the benefits of exercise, at least regarding fat metabolism. The increase in mortality with reduced daily steps is remarkably steep. Low background steps/day also impair the metabolic adaptations to short-term endurance training, suggesting that the ills of inactivity extend beyond fat metabolism. 'Exercise resistance' with inactivity could be a culprit, causing atherosclerosis, or maybe also a harbinger (impaired fat oxidation) of more widespread diseases. Recommendations regarding the amount of moderate to vigorous exercise needed for health should factor in the amount of background activity (i.e. ∼8000 steps/day) necessary to avoid 'exercise resistance'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward F Coyle
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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24
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Boateng JD, Tenkorang EY, Issahaku P. Economic Abuse of Women in Intimate Relationships in Ghana: Consequences and Coping Strategies. Violence Against Women 2024:10778012241238239. [PMID: 38470542 DOI: 10.1177/10778012241238239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Economic abuse is a significant gender-based problem in Ghana and sub-Saharan Africa, but few studies explore the consequences of this type of abuse on women's lives and their coping strategies. This study examined the narratives of 16 Ghanaian women in intimate relationships who experienced economic abuse in the Greater Accra, Ashanti, and Upper East regions of Ghana. Results indicate economic abuse negatively affected female survivors' jobs, businesses, and food security and led to physical violence and adverse health implications. Some women coped by relying on external family networks, religion, and theft from husbands, while others trivialized their experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica D Boateng
- Department of Sociology, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Eric Y Tenkorang
- Department of Sociology, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Paul Issahaku
- School of Social Work, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada
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25
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Feil K, Fritsch J, Weyland S, Rittmann LM, Schmidt D, Jekauc D. WiN-Reha-effectiveness and durability of effects of orthopedic rehabilitation programs and the study of psychological determinants of aftercare behaviors: a study protocol. Front Rehabil Sci 2024; 5:1333924. [PMID: 38532830 PMCID: PMC10963613 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2024.1333924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and aim Rehabilitation programs have been shown to have a positive impact on patients' health and work ability. However, the durability of these effects and the extent to which patients alter their health behaviors remain underexplored. This study is divided into two parts; the first assesses the effectivity of rehabilitation programs for orthopedic patients and the durability of effects. The second part examines psychological determinants of aftercare health behaviors. Subject and methods Study Part 1 employs a longitudinal study design with up to nine measurement occasions encompassing a three-year follow-up period. Treatment is provided as per orthopedic indications through rehabilitation centers. Measures include subjective health, work ability, body weight, and physical activity behavior. Study Part 2 incorporates a mixed-methods design, involving both quantitative and qualitative assessments. The quantitative component aims to recruit a subsample from Study Part 1 to assess psychological determinants of aftercare health behaviors over 12 to 24 weeks using Ambulatory Assessment. The qualitative component aims to explore the reasons for maintenance and discontinuation of health behaviors and involves a reflexive thematic analysis of interviews with at least 16 individuals, analyzing the differences between those who adopt and those who discontinue their aftercare health behavior. Discussion This comprehensive research project may offer insights into the long-term effectivity of rehabilitation programs. Furthermore, it may foster a more profound understanding of the successful incorporation of health-promoting aftercare behaviors, such as physical activity, into everyday life. Therefore, this study may contribute significantly to the evolving field of patient-centered rehabilitation. Trial registration The trial has been registered at the German Register of Clinical Studies (DRKS) with the registration number: DRKS00032257.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Feil
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Julian Fritsch
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Susanne Weyland
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | | | - Detlef Schmidt
- Deutsche Rentenversicherung Knappschaft-Bahn-See, Bochum, Germany
| | - Darko Jekauc
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Kennedy AM, Tsakonas K, Berman-Hatch F, Conradi S, Thaysen M, Gillespie MA, Gislason MK. Promoting community health and climate justice co-benefits: insights from a rural and remote island climate planning process. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1309186. [PMID: 38532965 PMCID: PMC10964719 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1309186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change is an environmental crisis, a health crisis, a socio-political and an economic crisis that illuminates the ways in which our human-environment relationships are arriving at crucial tipping points. Through these relational axes, social structures, and institutional practices, patterns of inequity are produced, wherein climate change disproportionately impacts several priority populations, including rural and remote communities. To make evidence-based change, it is important that engagements with climate change are informed by data that convey the nuance of various living realities and forms of knowledge; decisions are rooted in the social, structural, and ecological determinants of health; and an intersectional lens informs the research to action cycle. Our team applied theory- and equity-driven conceptualizations of data to our work with the community on Cortes Island-a remote island in the northern end of the Salish Sea in British Columbia, Canada-to aid their climate change adaptation and mitigation planning. This work was completed in five iterative stages which were informed by community-identified needs and preferences, including: An environmental scan, informal scoping interviews, attending a community forum, a scoping review, and co-development of questions for a community survey to guide the development of the Island's climate change adaptation and mitigation plan. Through this community-led collaboration we learned about the importance of ground truthing data inaccuracies and quantitative data gaps through community consultation; shifting planning focus from deficit to strengths- and asset-based engagement; responding to the needs of the community when working collaboratively across academic and community contexts; and, foregrounding the importance of, and relationship to, place when doing community engagement work. This suite of practices illuminates the integrative solution-oriented thinking needed to address complex and intersecting issues of climate change and community health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel M. Kennedy
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Women’s Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kiera Tsakonas
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Cortes Island Academy, Cortes Island, BC, Canada
| | - Forrest Berman-Hatch
- Anthropology and Political Science, Faculty of Arts, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Cortes Island Community Foundation, Cortes Island, BC, Canada
| | - Sophia Conradi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Max Thaysen
- Friends of Cortes Island, Cortes Island, BC, Canada
- BC Emergency Health Services, Cortes Island, BC, Canada
| | - Manda Aufochs Gillespie
- Cortes Island Academy, Cortes Island, BC, Canada
- Cortes Island Community Foundation, Cortes Island, BC, Canada
- Folk University, Cortes Island, BC, Canada
| | - Maya K. Gislason
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Women’s Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Gangi C, Mryczko D. Predictors of complementary and alternative medicine usage in undergraduate students during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Am Coll Health 2024:1-4. [PMID: 38466340 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2024.2325930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Stress is a health-compromising issue for undergraduate students that has only seemed to worsen during the COVID-19 pandemic. While most universities offer traditional medicinal treatments, prior research has suggested that some students prefer to utilize complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to cope with stress and illness. Given the growing popularity of CAM in the undergraduate population, the current study aimed to better understand the patterns underlying CAM usage during the COVID-19 pandemic. In our study, we examined whether individual difference variables such as the Big Five personality traits and perceived health locus of control as well as constructs like perceived stress predict CAM usage in undergraduates. Implications as well as suggestions for future studies are discussed.
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Ghaffari F. Hospital Environment and Medical Sociology: User-Centered Environmental Sociology Model Based on a Systematic Review. HERD 2024:19375867241237506. [PMID: 38468153 DOI: 10.1177/19375867241237506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigates the relationship between environmental quality and medical sociology in hospitals and suggests a conceptual framework for understanding their interrelation. BACKGROUND Despite the importance of environmental properties in the sociological approach to users' health and the role of medical sociology research in the design of hospital environments, few studies have been conducted in the field of hospital environments and medical sociology interrelation. Therefore, this article attempts to fill this gap in our knowledge. METHODS A systematic review was carried out in five databases (Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, and ScienceDirect) based on PRISMA guidelines to survey how environmental quality and medical sociology factors are related in the medical/environmental sociology research and the hospital design. RESULTS The search yielded the final 17 potentially relevant articles after finding 3,840 records, screening 1,295 nonduplicate articles, and reviewing 158 full-text articles. The findings revealed that four main aspects of medical sociology (physical-biological, psychological, social, and economic) and hospital environmental quality (physical, social, and psychological dimensions) influence users' health and disease status. The hospital environment includes various social issues in medical sociology (like interactions, behavior patterns, lifestyle, work motivation, and culture). The physical and psychosocial factors of the hospital environment (such as spatial configuration, aesthetics, scale, privacy, and collective spaces) are associated with psychosocial aspects of medical sociology (like social class, behavior patterns, culture, and lifestyle). CONCLUSION Environmental features and psychosocial issues should be considered to improve users' health and experience in hospitals and to create a user-centered health-promoting environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Ghaffari
- Department of Architecture, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
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Leitão CA, Salvador GLDO, Idowu BM, Dako F. Drivers of Global Healthcare Worker Migration. J Am Coll Radiol 2024:S1546-1440(24)00281-3. [PMID: 38461913 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The migration of healthcare workers on a global scale has emerged as a complex and critical issue, profoundly impacting the dynamics of healthcare systems worldwide. This paper delves into the multifaceted drivers behind the unprecedented migration of healthcare professionals, seeking to illuminate the interconnected factors that propel this phenomenon. Our investigation encompasses economic, social, and professional dimensions, acknowledging the intricate interplay of factors influencing the decision of healthcare professionals to migrate. Economic disparities, inadequate working conditions, and limited career advancement opportunities in home countries are examined as primary push factors, while attractive employment prospects, higher remuneration, and improved quality of life in destination countries are explored as compelling pull factors. This paper contributes to a deeper understanding of the intricate web of factors influencing global healthcare worker migration, providing insights that can inform evidence-based policies, strategic workforce planning, and international collaborations aimed at addressing the challenges posed by this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleverson Alex Leitão
- Department of Radiology, Gurayyat General Hospital, Husaybidah, Al-Qurayyat, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Bukunmi Michael Idowu
- Department of Radiology, Gurayyat General Hospital, Husaybidah, Al-Qurayyat, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farouk Dako
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Saunders B, More KR. Some habits are more work than others: Deliberate self-regulation strategy use increases with behavioral complexity, even for established habits. J Pers 2024. [PMID: 38450535 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We tested the hypothesis that complex behaviors are commonly supported by self-regulation strategies, even when those behaviors are supported by strong instigation habits. BACKGROUND Goal-directed and habit-mediated processes arise from separable systems that have been suggested to seldomly interact. RESULTS Self-regulation strategy use was lower for habitually instigated simple behaviors compared to nonhabitually instigated simple behaviors. However, participants' use of self-regulation strategies increased with the increasing complexity of behaviors, even when complex behaviors were habitually instigated. The difference in the extent of strategy use between habitually and nonhabitually instigated actions was absent when behavioral complexity was particularly high. CONCLUSION These results point to a qualitative distinction-while simple behaviors may progress in a relatively automatic and unthinking manner, complex behaviors receive frequent support from self-regulation strategies, even if they are instigated habitually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blair Saunders
- Division of Psychology, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Kimberly R More
- Division of Psychology, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
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Brown UT, Spivakovsky S, Janal M. An Epistemic Look at Parental Conceptual Knowledge and Oral Health Outcomes in Children. Glob Pediatr Health 2024; 11:2333794X241234580. [PMID: 38465208 PMCID: PMC10924543 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x241234580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective. This study explores the impact of parental oral health knowledge on children's oral health, investigating if limited knowledge contributes to poor outcomes. The CAMBRA caries risk assessment and the World Health Organization dmft/DMFT index measure oral health. Methods. Over 23 months, the Knowledge Related to Oral Health Literacy (KROHL) questionnaire assesses parental knowledge in 4 domains and 5 oral health conditions. Pearson Correlation Coefficient analyzes the association between KROHL scores and CAMBRA outcomes. Results. Positive correlation emerges between parental oral health knowledge levels and children's dental caries risk, indicating the KROHL questionnaire's utility in identifying knowledge gaps. No standardized method for measuring oral health knowledge exists, although various tools claim to address aspects of the issue. This study pioneers the correlation between oral health knowledge and CAMBRA outcomes. Conclusion. The KROHL questionnaire proves a practical, disease-specific tool for research, emphasizing parental oral health knowledge's pivotal role in children's oral health. It serves as a valuable means to identify knowledge gaps and potential areas for intervention and education in oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Untray T. Brown
- NYU College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
- NYC Health + Hospitals/Gotham Health/Gouverneur, New York, NY, USA
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Azhar S, Rashid L, Islam T, Akhtar S, Hopkins KL, Sommers T, Ikram A, Anwer N, Maqbool NA, Khan Z, Ahmed N, Akhtar H. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of vaccinators about expanded programs on immunization: a cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1366378. [PMID: 38510352 PMCID: PMC10953913 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1366378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The periodic evaluation of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of healthcare workers, including vaccinators, concerning expanded programs on immunization (EPI) is very crucial for a better healthcare system. This study was carried out to assess the KAP of vaccinators about the EPI, including cold storage of vaccines and their practices related to vaccine cold chain management. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2022 to June 2022 among registered vaccinators in the twin cities (Islamabad and Rawalpindi) of Pakistan. A structured self-administered questionnaire (English and Urdu) was developed as per the Pakistan national EPI policy and strategic guidelines 2022 and World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, as well as from earlier studies (Cronbach's alpha value of 0.734). The final questionnaire consisted of closed-ended questions in four sections, including sociodemographic information, knowledge (with dichotomous variables of yes/no), attitudes (with a 5-point Likert scale ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree), and handling of vaccines and cold chain management. Completed questionnaires were entered into Microsoft Excel and then imported into SPSS version 25 for statistical analysis. Results A total of 186 vaccinators completely filled out their questionnaires, with a 97.9% response rate. More than half of the participants (57.5%) had no training related to EPI. Most of the respondents had a moderate to poor level of knowledge regarding EPI. The overall attitude was positive, and 57% of the participants strongly agreed that the national immunization programs can significantly contribute to the decrease in morbidity and mortality rates among children. In the current study, participants showed good practices toward EPI, vaccine storage, and cold chain management. The majority (93.5%) of the participants checked the expiry of vaccines at regular intervals to maintain the first expiry first out (FEFO) in their healthcare setting. Discussion In conclusion, most of the vaccinators had moderate to poor knowledge, a positive attitude, and good practices toward EPI, vaccine cold storage, and cold chain management. Lack of training among vaccinators on EPI was also observed. These findings have suggested that continuous training, education, and regular supervision of vaccinators in EPI are important for maximum immunization effectiveness and coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunia Azhar
- Yusra Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Laiba Rashid
- Yusra Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Taskeen Islam
- Communication and Media Studies, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Samar Akhtar
- Yusra Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yusra Medical and Dental College, Zaraj Housing Society, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Aamer Ikram
- Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Anwer
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid.i.Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nabeel Ahmed Maqbool
- Vaccines Preventable Infectious Diseases, Chemonics International Global Health Supply Chain – Procurement and Supply, Management (GHSC-PSM) Project, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zakir Khan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (RIPS), Riphah International University Gulberg Green Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid.i.Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hashaam Akhtar
- Yusra Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Global Health, Health Services Academy, Chak Shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Alemayehu B, Mekonnen B, Addisu A, Asres A. Effects of household vectors on child health and its determinants in southwest, Ethiopia correspondence analysis. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1341422. [PMID: 38510359 PMCID: PMC10951389 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1341422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Household vectors transmit pathogens from one child to another. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and determinants of household vectors on child health. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted, during which a total of 846 household data were collected using a pretested questionnaire and simple random sampling technique. The data was entered into EpiData3.4 and then exported to Stata 14 software for analysis. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify significant factors associated with household vectors that contribute child health problems. The correspondence analysis was used to determine statistically significant effects or associations between household vectors and child health problems, that was explained by the percentage of variance. Results This study revealed that the prevalence of household vector effects among children was 35.5% suchas itching, allergies, nuisances and aesthetically displeasing factors. Households with no formal education were significantly 36% less likely to be affected compared to their counterparts (AOR 0.64, 95% CI 0.41, 0.99). Housewives are significantly 2.21 times more likely to be bexposed to household vectors compared to government workers (AOR 2.21, 95% CI 1.23, 3.70). Caregivers who had limited awareness of household vectors were 98.6% less likely to be affected compared to their counterparts (AOR 0.014; 95% CI 0.01-0.04). Similarly, children from households that consumed less than 20 liters of water per individual were 1.45 times more likely to be at risk compared to children from households that consumed more water (AOR 1.45, 95% CI 1.02, 2.07). The infestations of household vectors were found to be statistically significant and were associated with the occurrence of child health problems. This significant association accounted for 86.8 percent of the explained variance. Conclusion Addressing the high burden of household vectors on child health requires interventions that target informal education, limited access to information, and inadequate access to safe water. Implementing effective vector control measures is crucial to reduce the incidence of vector-borne diseases among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bezuayehu Alemayehu
- Department of Environmental Health, Mizan Tepi University Ethiopia, Mīzan Teferī, Ethiopia
| | - Besufekad Mekonnen
- Department of Environmental Health, Mizan Tepi University Ethiopia, Mīzan Teferī, Ethiopia
| | - Abebaw Addisu
- Department of Environmental Health, Mizan Tepi University Ethiopia, Mīzan Teferī, Ethiopia
| | - Abyot Asres
- Department of Public Health, Mizan Tepi University Ethiopia, Mīzan Teferī, Ethiopia
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Chhajer R, Dagar C. Examining the impact of a restorative breath-based intervention " Sudarshan Kriya Yoga" at work: a field experiment. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1327119. [PMID: 38505368 PMCID: PMC10949861 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1327119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Human capital plays a crucial role in the success of an organization and further contributes to the broader goals of growth and development of society. In this regard, it is essential to ensure the well-being of employees at the workplace. Given the positive impact of yoga on psycho-physiological aspects of health, this study aims to examine the impact of a breath-based yogic intervention, Sudarshan Kriya Yoga (SKY), on stress, anxiety, thriving, general health, emotional well-being, social well-being, and psychological well-being among employees of a leading manufacturing firm in India. Methods Undertaking a randomized-control experiment design (n = 64), we examined the impact of SKY on stress, anxiety, thriving, general health, and emotional, social, and psychological well-being. Two certified instructors conducted the SKY intervention in a retreat format over 3 days. Results The analysis demonstrated positive outcomes across various aspects of participants' well-being, i.e., it significantly reduced their stress and anxiety and increased the levels of thriving, general health, and emotional, social, and psychological well-being. These findings are valuable for understanding the potential benefits of the SKY intervention. Discussion The findings provide support for considering SKY as a potential well-being intervention for employers at the workplace and society at large. Further exploration, implementation, and research in diverse contexts will be crucial to fully understand the long-term impact and scalability of the SKY intervention in promoting holistic well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raina Chhajer
- Humanities and Social Sciences Area, Indian Institute of Management, Indore, India
| | - Chirag Dagar
- XLRI - Xavier School of Management, Jamshedpur, India
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Cottingham M, Olson RE, Bendelow G. Editorial: Sociologies of health and emotions. Front Sociol 2024; 9:1388509. [PMID: 38505357 PMCID: PMC10949944 DOI: 10.3389/fsoc.2024.1388509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Marci Cottingham
- Department of Sociology, Kenyon College, Gambier, OH, United States
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Damian-Medina K, Cernioglo K, Waheed M, DiMaggio DM, Porto AF, Smilowitz JT. Cross-Sectional Analysis of Infant Diet, Outcomes, Consumer Behavior and Parental Perspectives to Optimize Infant Feeding in Response to the 2022 U.S. Infant Formula Shortage. Nutrients 2024; 16:748. [PMID: 38474876 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In May of 2022, millions of U.S. parents encountered uncertainty in safely feeding their infants due to the infant formula shortage. METHODS An anonymous, electronic, cross-sectional, retrospective survey was used. RESULTS U.S. parents (n = 178) whose infants were ~10 weeks old during the shortage completed the survey. Of parents, 81% switched formulas during the shortage, 87% switched because they could not find the formula they typically used, 34% switched 3-5 times, 29% of parents visited ≥4 stores/24 h and 26% of parents traveled >20 miles/24 h to purchase formula. Use of infant formula increased (p < 0.01); in infants requiring specialty formula, use of intact cow's milk formula increased (p < 0.05) and use of premature infant formulas decreased (p < 0.05). Infants relying on specialty formulas experienced at least one undesirable outcome compared with non-specialty users. Parents used social media, relatives/friends and healthcare providers for support during the shortage, but their helpfulness scores were suboptimal. Parents reported the need for greater infant formula availability, free prenatal lactation education and postpartum lactation support. CONCLUSIONS Government, regulatory and healthcare policy oversight are needed to protect the infant feeding system, including more commercially available products, access to banked donor milk and lactation support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Damian-Medina
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Karina Cernioglo
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Maha Waheed
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | | | - Anthony F Porto
- School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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Rajagopalan S, Brook RD. Cardiovascular and Planetary Health: Two Sides of the Same Planet. Circulation 2024; 149:729-731. [PMID: 38437481 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.065486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Rajagopalan
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (S.R.)
| | - Robert D Brook
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (R.D.B.)
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Wamboldt MZ. Introduction to a special section: Racial disparities in health care. Fam Process 2024. [PMID: 38439115 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Papers in the Special Section on Racial Disparities in Health Care stemmed from. the 60th Anniversary of Family Process Conference, The Heart of the Matter: Systemic Imperatives to Address Health Disparities and Racism in the Time of COVID, which took place in Washington, DC in September 2021. Of the 12 presenters at the conference, these four were asked to recreate their talks into articles. They address key issues that help to explain health disparities in people of color, particularly African Americans, in the United States, as well as suggest innovations to clinical interventions and health care delivery systems to better serve people who have suffered adversity from the racial inequities in the American system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Z Wamboldt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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García S, Monserrat-Mesquida M, Argelich E, Ugarriza L, Salas-Salvadó J, Bautista I, Vioque J, Zomeño MD, Corella D, Pintó X, Bueno-Cavanillas A, Daimiel L, Martínez JA, Nishi S, Herrera-Ramos E, González-Palacios S, Fitó M, Asensio EM, Fanlo-Maresma M, Cano-Ibáñez N, Cuadrado-Soto E, Abete I, Tur JA, Bouzas C. Association between Beverage Consumption and Environmental Sustainability in an Adult Population with Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2024; 16:730. [PMID: 38474858 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Beverages are an important part of the diet, but their environmental impact has been scarcely assessed. The aim of this study was to assess how changes in beverage consumption over a one-year period can impact the environmental sustainability of the diet. This is a one-year longitudinal study of 55-75-year-old participants with metabolic syndrome (n = 1122) within the frame of the PREDIMED-Plus study. Food and beverage intake were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire and a validated beverage-specific questionnaire. The Agribalyse® 3.0.1 database was used to calculate environmental impact parameters such as greenhouse gas emission, energy, water, and land use. A sustainability beverage score was created by considering the evaluated environmental markers. A higher beverage sustainability score was obtained when decreasing the consumption of bottled water, natural and packed fruit juice, milk, and drinkable dairy, soups and broths, sorbets and jellies, soft drinks, tea without sugar, beer (with and without alcohol), and wine, as well as when increasing the consumption of tap water and coffee with milk and without sugar. Beverage consumption should be considered when assessing the environmental impact of a diet. Trial registration: ISRCTN, ISRCTN89898870. Registered 5 September 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia García
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Emma Argelich
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Lucía Ugarriza
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Bautista
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria & Centro Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil (CHUIMI), Canarian Health Service, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Jesús Vioque
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández (ISABIAL-UMH), 03550 Alicante, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Dolores Zomeño
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d`Investigació Médica (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- School of Health Sciences, Blanquerna-Ramon Llull University, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Xavier Pintó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Lidia Daimiel
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Nutritional Control of the Epigenome Group, Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Stephanie Nishi
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Estefanía Herrera-Ramos
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria & Centro Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil (CHUIMI), Canarian Health Service, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Sandra González-Palacios
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández (ISABIAL-UMH), 03550 Alicante, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d`Investigació Médica (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva M Asensio
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Fanlo-Maresma
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Naomi Cano-Ibáñez
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Esther Cuadrado-Soto
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Nutritional Control of the Epigenome Group, Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Itziar Abete
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Josep A Tur
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Cristina Bouzas
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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Hausman DM. Is there a human right to essential health care? Dev World Bioeth 2024; 24:6-9. [PMID: 35763551 DOI: 10.1111/dewb.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In Global Health Impact, Nicole Hassoun joins the ranks of those defending a right to health. Unlike the World Health Organization, which views this right expansively, Hassoun would limit the right to the health needed to enjoy a minimally good life. This essay argues that this right is difficult to specify and insufficient to support the policies Hassoun defends. The essay sketches an alternative view of the obligations of institutions to address health problems that derives from imperfect individual duties to aid those who are doing badly or who are at risk of harm.
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Pombo A, Cordovil R, Rodrigues LP, Moreira AC, Borrego R, Machado M, Costa V, Almeida A, Tavares AS, de Sá CC, Luz C. Effect of Motor Competence and Health-Related Fitness in the Prevention of Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors. Res Q Exerc Sport 2024; 95:110-117. [PMID: 36751024 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2022.2158998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: In the last decades we have seen an increase in sedentary behaviors and a decrease in physical activity in children when compared to past generations. This lifestyle is commonly associated with the development of clustering risk factors that define metabolic syndrome (MetS). Knowing that motor competence (MC) development can influence lifelong physical activity habits, it is reasonable to assume that children's MC will directly link to clustered cardiometabolic health outcomes. The aim of this study was to analyze the role of MC in MetS risk factors. Methods: Seventy children with a mean age of 7.49 (SD = 1.28) years were evaluated on motor competence (MCA-Motor Competence Assessment instrument), cardiovascular fitness (PACER test), upper body strength (UBS; handgrip), and the components of MetS, hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, abdominal obesity, low concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high fasting blood glucose. The composite value of MetS was calculated according to Burns et al. (2017). Multiple standard regressions were performed to explore the effect of different variables on MetS. Motor competence and health-related fitness (cardiovascular fitness and relative upper body strength) were used as independent variables (predictors) and MetS as dependent variable. Results: Overall, the results showed that motor competence (β = -.072; p < .05) is a significant predictor and this model explained 7,1% of the variance in MetS. Conclusion: Although more studies are needed, our results indicate that MC seems to have a positive role in children's health markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Pombo
- Universidade de Lisboa
- Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa
- Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT)
| | | | - Luis Paulo Rodrigues
- Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT)
- Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo
- Research Center in Sports Sciences Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carlos Luz
- Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa
- Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT)
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Landgren V, Svensson L, Törnhage CJ, Theodosious M, Gillberg C, Johnson M, Knez R, Landgren M. Neurodevelopmental problems, general health and academic achievements in a school-based cohort of 11-year-old Swedish children. Acta Paediatr 2024; 113:506-516. [PMID: 37823347 DOI: 10.1111/apa.16989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM Assessing rates of neurodevelopmental problems (NDPs) in 11-year-old children and possible association with other health complaints and school performance. METHODS In-school study of 11-year-old children as an add-on assessment to the 4th grade regular health check-up, comprising a structured physical neurodevelopmental examination, neuropsychological assessment, behavioural ratings, maternal interview, review of medical records and academic achievements. RESULTS Out of 348 children recruited from eight schools, 223 (64%) participated. Any physical condition was found in 102/222 (46%), most commonly atopy (18%). One in five had a BMI z-score >2 standard deviations over the reference mean. One or more NDP was found in 86/221 (40%) children. The number of failed national tests correlated positively with NDP severity rated with the clinical global impression severity instrument (Spearman's r = 0.41, p < 0.001). The majority of participants with failed national tests, also had co-occurring health complaints (≥2 of: stomach or extremity ache, headache, difficulties sleeping, internalising symptoms or obesity) and NDPs. CONCLUSION Health complaints, physical conditions and NDPs are very common in 11-year-old children and warrant adequately staffed, thoroughly equipped school healthcare services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valdemar Landgren
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Leif Svensson
- Department of Pediatrics, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Carl-Johan Törnhage
- Department of Pediatrics, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Michail Theodosious
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- School Health Services, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christopher Gillberg
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mats Johnson
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rajna Knez
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Pediatrics, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Magnus Landgren
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Ray K, Cooper JF. The Bioethics of Environmental Injustice: Ethical, Legal, and Clinical Implications of Un healthy Environments. Am J Bioeth 2024; 24:9-17. [PMID: 37104666 DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2023.2201192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Environmental health remains a niche topic in bioethics, despite being a prominent social determinant of health. In this paper we argue that if bioethicists are to take the project of health justice as a serious one, then we have to address environmental injustices and the threats they pose to our bioethics principles, health equity, and clinical care. To do this, we lay out three arguments supporting prioritizing environmental health in bioethics based on bioethics principles including a commitment to vulnerable populations and justice. We also highlight and advocate for environmental law efforts that align with these priorities, focusing specifically on the need for a right to a healthy environment. Our intention is to draw attention to the legal and ethical concepts that underlie the importance of a healthy environment, and urge bioethicists to prioritize both legal and ethical advocacy against environmental injustices in their practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisha Ray
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
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Libuy N, Church D, Ploubidis G, Fitzsimons E. Fast food proximity and weight gain in childhood and adolescence: Evidence from Great Britain. Health Econ 2024; 33:449-465. [PMID: 37971895 PMCID: PMC10952272 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
We study the relationship between proximity to fast food restaurants and weight gain from late childhood to early adolescence. We use the Millennium Cohort Study, a UK-wide nationally representative longitudinal study, linked with granular geocoded food outlet data to measure the presence of fast food outlets around children's homes and schools from ages 7 to 14. We find that proximity to fast food outlets is associated with increased weight (body mass index, overweight, obese, body fat, weight), but only among those with maternal education below degree level. Within this sample, those with lower levels of emotional regulation are at heightened risk of weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Libuy
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, Social Research Institute, UCLLondonUK
| | - David Church
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, Social Research Institute, UCLLondonUK
| | - George Ploubidis
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, Social Research Institute, UCLLondonUK
| | - Emla Fitzsimons
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, Social Research Institute, UCLLondonUK
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Sabbath EL, Willis MD, Wesselink AK, Wang TR, McKinnon CJ, Hatch EE, Wise LA. Association between job control and time to pregnancy in a preconception cohort. Fertil Steril 2024; 121:497-505. [PMID: 38036244 PMCID: PMC10923004 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate associations between low job control (operationalized as job independence and freedom to make decisions) and time to pregnancy. Low job control, a form of workplace stress, is associated with adverse health outcomes ranging from cardiovascular disease to premature mortality; few studies have specifically examined its association with reproductive outcomes. DESIGN We used data from Pregnancy Study Online, an internet-based preconception cohort study of couples trying to conceive in the United States and Canada. We estimated fecundability ratios (FRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) via proportional probability regression models, adjusting for sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics. SETTING Not applicable (Web-based study). PATIENTS Participants self-identified as female, were aged 21-45 years, and reported ≤6 cycles of pregnancy attempt time at enrollment (2018-2022). EXPOSURE We assessed job control by matching participants' baseline self-reported occupation and industry with standardized occupation codes from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's Industry and Occupation Computerized Coding System, then linking codes to O∗NET job exposure scores for job independence and freedom to make decisions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Our main outcome measure was fecundability. Participants completed self-administered questionnaires at baseline and every 8 weeks for up to 12 months or until reported pregnancy, whichever occurred first. RESULTS Among 3,110 participants, lower job independence was associated with reduced fecundability. Compared with the fourth (highest) quartile, corresponding to the most job independence, FRs (95% CI) for first (lowest), second, and third quartiles were 0.92 (0.82-1.04), 0.84 (0.74-0.95), and 0.99 (0.88, 1.11), respectively. Lower freedom to make decisions was associated with slightly reduced fecundability (first vs. fourth quartile: FR = 0.92; 95% CI: 0.80-1.05). CONCLUSION Lower job control, a work-related stressor, may adversely influence time to pregnancy. Because job control is a condition of work (i.e., not modifiable by individuals), these findings may strengthen arguments for improving working conditions as a means of improving worker health, including fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika L Sabbath
- Boston College School of Social Work, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts.
| | - Mary D Willis
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amelia K Wesselink
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tanran R Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Craig J McKinnon
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elizabeth E Hatch
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lauren A Wise
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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Thomas MMC. Latent classes and longitudinal patterns of material hardship as predictors of child well-being. Child Soc 2024; 38:253-276. [PMID: 38464906 PMCID: PMC10923602 DOI: 10.1111/chso.12687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
This study examined the associations of multifaceted material hardship measured cross-sectionally and longitudinally with children's wellbeing in the United States. Results from linear regression and child fixed effects models indicated that more intense material hardship had consistent, detrimental associations with child health status and internalizing and externalizing behaviors. More intense longitudinal patterns of material hardship were consistently associated with behaviors only. These findings examine new, multifaceted measures of material hardship and suggest associations between child wellbeing, particularly behavior challenges, and exposure both to multiple forms of material hardship and to more intense long-term patterns of hardship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret M C Thomas
- Department of Social Welfare Luskin School of Public Affairs University of California, Los Angeles 337 Charles E. Young Drive Los Angeles, CA 90095
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47
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Shannon OM, Townsend R, Malcomson FC, Matu J, Griffiths A, Jennings A, Ward N, Papier K, Best N, French C, Scheelbeek P, Kim C, Ochieng B, Jay F, Shepherd K, Corfe B, Fairley A, McEvoy CT, Minihane AM, Sim YJ, Stevenson E, Gregory S. Adherence to the Eatwell Guide and population and planetary health: A Rank Prize Forum report. NUTR BULL 2024; 49:108-119. [PMID: 38294140 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
This report summarises a Forum conducted in June 2023 to explore the current state of the knowledge around the Eatwell Guide, which is the UK government's healthy eating tool, in relation to population and planetary health. The 1.5-day Forum highlighted the limited, albeit promising evidence linking higher adherence to the Eatwell Guide with favourable health outcomes, including reduced overall mortality risk, lower abdominal obesity in post-menopausal women and improved cardiometabolic health markers. Similarly, evidence was presented to suggest that higher adherence to the Eatwell Guide is associated with reduced greenhouse gas emissions. Presentations were given around cultural adaptations of the Eatwell Guide, including African Heritage and South Asian versions, which are designed to increase the acceptability and uptake of the Eatwell Guide in these communities in the United Kingdom. Presentations highlighted ongoing work relevant to the applications of the Eatwell Guide in randomised controlled trials and public health settings, including the development of a screening tool to quantify Eatwell Guide adherence. The Forum ended with a World Café-style event, in which the strengths and limitations of the Eatwell Guide were discussed, and directions for future research were identified. This Forum report serves as a primer on the current state of the knowledge on the Eatwell Guide and population and planetary health and will be of interest to researchers, healthcare professionals and public health officials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver M Shannon
- Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Rebecca Townsend
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Dame Margaret Barbour Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Fiona C Malcomson
- Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jamie Matu
- School of Health, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Amy Jennings
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Nicola Ward
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Keren Papier
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicola Best
- Department of Health Professions, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Chloe French
- School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Pauline Scheelbeek
- Centre on Climate Change & Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Curie Kim
- Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Bertha Ochieng
- Centre for Primary Care Research, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | | | | | - Bernard Corfe
- Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andrea Fairley
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Dame Margaret Barbour Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Claire T McEvoy
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Anne-Marie Minihane
- Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Yi Jia Sim
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Dame Margaret Barbour Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Emma Stevenson
- Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Dame Margaret Barbour Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sarah Gregory
- Edinburgh Dementia Prevention, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Banerjee A, Mackey SC, Vest N, Darnall BD. Pain in US corrections settings: the promise of digital solutions for better data and treatment access. Pain Med 2024; 25:165-168. [PMID: 37950495 PMCID: PMC10906706 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnad150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Banerjee
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States
| | - Sean C Mackey
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States
| | - Noel Vest
- Department of Community Health Science, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, United States
| | - Beth D Darnall
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States
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Christopher M, Ferry M, Simmons A, Vasquez A, Reynolds B, Grupe D. Psychometric properties of the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire-short form among law enforcement officers. Aggress Behav 2024; 50:e22145. [PMID: 38477412 DOI: 10.1002/ab.22145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Repeatedly capturing national headlines, excessive law enforcement officer (LEO) use of force in critical incident encounters is one of the most divisive human rights issues in the United States. Valid and reliable measures of potential precursors to LEO excessive use of force, such as aggression, are needed. The Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire-short form (BPAQ-SF) is a validated measure of aggression across various populations; however, evaluation of this easily administered measure in high-stress, frontline populations such as LEOs is limited. The primary goal of this study was to evaluate the validity, reliability, and sensitivity to change the BPAQ-SF in a sample of LEOs. A confirmatory factor analysis suggested that the hierarchical solution provides a mixed fit to the data: SBχ²(25.84) = 62.50, p = .0001; comparative fit index = .94, non-normed fit index = .92, root mean square error of approximation = .19 (90% confidence interval = .17-.21), standardized root mean squared residual = .08. The BPAQ-SF demonstrated good internal consistency (α = .84) and test-retest reliability (r = .86), correlations in the expected direction with predictors of and buffers against aggression, and sensitivity to change among LEOs who participated in an intervention targeting aggression. Results support and extend previous findings suggesting that the BPAQ-SF is a valid and reliable measure of aggression among LEOs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marissa Ferry
- School of Graduate Psychology, Pacific University, Hillsboro, Oregon, USA
| | - Akeesha Simmons
- School of Graduate Psychology, Pacific University, Hillsboro, Oregon, USA
| | - Alicia Vasquez
- School of Graduate Psychology, Pacific University, Hillsboro, Oregon, USA
| | - Brooke Reynolds
- School of Graduate Psychology, Pacific University, Hillsboro, Oregon, USA
| | - Daniel Grupe
- Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Wallace RA. A system for developing reasonable adjustments to the application of the National Safety and Quality Health Service Standards for adult patients with intellectual disability in Australian hospital settings. Intern Med J 2024; 54:503-510. [PMID: 38251817 DOI: 10.1111/imj.16321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The Australian Commission of Safety and Quality in Health Care mandates the application of the eight National Safety and Quality Health Service Standards to minimise high-risk adverse events in hospital settings for all Australian patients. It acknowledges that adults with intellectual disability require reasonable adjustments to the application of the standards to optimise the impact of the quality and safety measures for this group. The paper proposes a system whereby reasonable adjustments can be developed for this population. First, particular criteria, items or actions of a standard are selected for the formulation of reasonable adjustments. Second, the adjustments are broken down into categories of alterations to usual knowledge, process, content and organisation involved in compliance with the chosen aspect of the standard. Third, the categories of reasonable adjustments are simultaneously influenced and shaped by aspects of living with intellectual disability, disability supports and a health-disability sectoral interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn A Wallace
- Calvary Lenah Valley Hospital, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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