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Bai B, Liu Y, Huang J, Wang S, Chen H, Huo Y, Zhou H, Liu Y, Feng S, Zhou G, Hua Y. Tolerant and Rapid Endochondral Bone Regeneration Using Framework-Enhanced 3D Biomineralized Matrix Hydrogels. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2305580. [PMID: 38127989 PMCID: PMC10916654 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Tissue-engineered bone has emerged as a promising alternative for bone defect repair due to the advantages of regenerative bone healing and physiological functional reconstruction. However, there is very limited breakthrough in achieving favorable bone regeneration due to the harsh osteogenic microenvironment after bone injury, especially the avascular and hypoxic conditions. Inspired by the bone developmental mode of endochondral ossification, a novel strategy is proposed for tolerant and rapid endochondral bone regeneration using framework-enhanced 3D biomineralized matrix hydrogels. First, it is meticulously designed 3D biomimetic hydrogels with both hypoxic and osteoinductive microenvironment, and then integrated 3D-printed polycaprolactone framework to improve their mechanical strength and structural fidelity. The inherent hypoxic 3D matrix microenvironment effectively activates bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells self-regulation for early-stage chondrogenesis via TGFβ/Smad signaling pathway due to the obstacle of aerobic respiration. Meanwhile, the strong biomineralized microenvironment, created by a hybrid formulation of native-constitute osteogenic inorganic salts, can synergistically regulate both bone mineralization and osteoclastic differentiation, and thus accelerate the late-stage bone maturation. Furthermore, both in vivo ectopic osteogenesis and in situ skull defect repair successfully verified the high efficiency and mechanical maintenance of endochondral bone regeneration mode, which offers a promising treatment for craniofacial bone defect repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoshuai Bai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue EngineeringDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200011P. R. China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of ChinaShanghai200241P. R. China
- Department of OrthopaedicsAdvanced Medical Research InstituteQilu Hospital of Shangdong University Centre for OrthopaedicsShandong UniversityJinanShandong250100P. R. China
- Department of OrthopaedicsCheeloo College of MedicineThe Second Hospital of Shandong UniversityShandong UniversityJinanShandong250033P. R. China
| | - Yanhan Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue EngineeringDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200011P. R. China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of ChinaShanghai200241P. R. China
- Department of OphthalmologyRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127P. R. China
| | - Jinyi Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue EngineeringDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200011P. R. China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of ChinaShanghai200241P. R. China
| | - Sinan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue EngineeringDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200011P. R. China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of ChinaShanghai200241P. R. China
| | - Hongying Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue EngineeringDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200011P. R. China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of ChinaShanghai200241P. R. China
| | - Yingying Huo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue EngineeringDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200011P. R. China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of ChinaShanghai200241P. R. China
| | - Hengxing Zhou
- Department of OrthopaedicsAdvanced Medical Research InstituteQilu Hospital of Shangdong University Centre for OrthopaedicsShandong UniversityJinanShandong250100P. R. China
- Department of OrthopaedicsCheeloo College of MedicineThe Second Hospital of Shandong UniversityShandong UniversityJinanShandong250033P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue EngineeringDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200011P. R. China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of ChinaShanghai200241P. R. China
| | - Shiqing Feng
- Department of OrthopaedicsAdvanced Medical Research InstituteQilu Hospital of Shangdong University Centre for OrthopaedicsShandong UniversityJinanShandong250100P. R. China
- Department of OrthopaedicsCheeloo College of MedicineThe Second Hospital of Shandong UniversityShandong UniversityJinanShandong250033P. R. China
| | - Guangdong Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue EngineeringDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200011P. R. China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of ChinaShanghai200241P. R. China
| | - Yujie Hua
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue EngineeringDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200011P. R. China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of ChinaShanghai200241P. R. China
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Cong T, Yang C, Cao Q, Ren J, Luo Y, Yuan P, Zheng B, Liu Y, Yang H, Kang W, Ou A, Li X. The Role of GNMT and MMP12 Expression in Determining TACE Efficacy: Validation at Transcription and Protein Levels. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2024; 11:95-111. [PMID: 38250306 PMCID: PMC10800115 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s441179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) represents a significant therapeutic modality for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to develop a gene signature to accurately predict patient TACE response and explore the underlying mechanisms. Methods Three independent datasets were utilized, including GSE104580, GSE14520 and external validation from the Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. GSE104580 was randomly partitioned into a training set and a validation set, whereas GSE14520 was categorized into a resection group and a TACE group. Logistic regression was used to develop a TACE effectiveness model. Immunohistochemistry is utilized to confirm the protein expression trends of the signature genes. Immune infiltration and functional enrichment analyses were conducted to investigate the potential underlying mechanisms. Results A 2-gene signature consisting of glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT) and matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP12) was constructed, and based on this, all the patients were assigned TACE effectiveness scores and categorized into high effectiveness (HE) and low effectiveness (LE) groups. The HE group exhibited a better prognosis than the LE group in the various cohorts (p < 0.05). In the external validation set, immunohistochemistry confirmed the expression of the signature genes exhibiting an upregulated trend of GNMT in the HE group and MMP12 in the LE group, the LE group also exhibited a poorer prognosis [for overall survival (OS), HE group: 881 days vs LE group: 273 days (p < 0.05), and for progression-free survival (PFS), HE group: 458 days vs LE group: 136 days (p < 0.05)]. Multivariate analysis in all the datasets identified LE status as an independent risk factor for OS, disease-free survival (DFS) and PFS. The infiltration level of M0 macrophages and activated mast cells in the LE group was significantly higher than in the HE group. The hypoxia signaling pathway and glycolysis pathway were significantly enriched in the LE group. Conclusion The loss of GNMT and the overexpression of MMP12 may be critical factors influencing TACE efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Cong
- Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Cao
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinrui Ren
- Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingen Luo
- Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pei Yuan
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongcai Yang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wendi Kang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aixin Ou
- Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Li C, Zhao R, Yang H, Ren L. Construction of Bone Hypoxic Microenvironment Based on Bone-on-a-Chip Platforms. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086999. [PMID: 37108162 PMCID: PMC10139217 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The normal physiological activities and functions of bone cells cannot be separated from the balance of the oxygenation level, and the physiological activities of bone cells are different under different oxygenation levels. At present, in vitro cell cultures are generally performed in a normoxic environment, and the partial pressure of oxygen of a conventional incubator is generally set at 141 mmHg (18.6%, close to the 20.1% oxygen in ambient air). This value is higher than the mean value of the oxygen partial pressure in human bone tissue. Additionally, the further away from the endosteal sinusoids, the lower the oxygen content. It follows that the construction of a hypoxic microenvironment is the key point of in vitro experimental investigation. However, current methods of cellular research cannot realize precise control of oxygenation levels at the microscale, and the development of microfluidic platforms can overcome the inherent limitations of these methods. In addition to discussing the characteristics of the hypoxic microenvironment in bone tissue, this review will discuss various methods of constructing oxygen gradients in vitro and measuring oxygen tension from the microscale based on microfluidic technology. This integration of advantages and disadvantages to perfect the experimental study will help us to study the physiological responses of cells under more physiological-relevant conditions and provide a new strategy for future research on various in vitro cell biomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Ningbo 315103, China
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Rong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Ningbo 315103, China
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Li Ren
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Ningbo 315103, China
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
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Huang Q, Yang J, Goh RMW, You M, Wang L, Ma Z. Hypoxia-Induced circRNAs in Human Diseases: From Mechanisms to Potential Applications. Cells 2022; 11:1381. [PMID: 35563687 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a special class of endogenous RNAs characterized by closed loop structures lacking 5′ to 3′ polarity and polyadenylated tails. They are widely present in various organisms and are more stable and conserved than linear RNAs. Accumulating evidence indicates that circRNAs play important roles in physiology-related processes. Under pathological conditions, hypoxia usually worsens disease progression by manipulating the microenvironment for inflammation and invasion through various dysregulated biological molecules. Among them, circRNAs, which are involved in many human diseases, including cancer, are associated with the overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factors. However, the precise mechanisms of hypoxic regulation by circRNAs remain largely unknown. This review summarizes emerging evidence regarding the interplay between circRNAs and hypoxia in the pathophysiological changes of diverse human diseases, including cancer. Next, the impact of hypoxia-induced circRNAs on cancer progression, therapeutic resistance, angiogenesis, and energy metabolism will be discussed. Last, but not least, the potential application of circRNAs in the early detection, prognosis, and treatment of various diseases will be highlighted.
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Bai Y, Hu Y, Gao Y, Wei X, Li J, Zhang Y, Wu Z, Zhang X. Oxygen Self-Supplying Nanotherapeutic for Mitigation of Tissue Hypoxia and Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy of Bacterial Keratitis. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:33790-33801. [PMID: 34254513 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia, a common characteristic of bacterial infections, is known to be closely associated with the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, which hastens the need to develop advanced microbicides and antibacterial techniques. Photodynamic therapy is a promising strategy to reduce bacterial antibiotic resistance and employs photosensitizers, excitation light sources, and sufficient oxygen to generate toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). The inherent limitation of PDT is that the generation of ROS is restricted by the hypoxic microenvironment in infection sites. Here, an oxygen self-supplying nanotherapeutic is developed to enhance antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria on the basis of fluorinated boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY)-based glycomimetics. The nanotherapeutic not only could capture the bacteria efficiently but also was able to act as an oxygen carrier to relieve the hypoxic microenvironment of bacterial infections, thus achieving enhanced PDT efficacy. In a Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection of a rat cornea, typical administration of the nanotherapeutic decreased the infiltrate and showed a faster healing capacity in comparison with BODIPY-based glycomimetics. Self-supplying oxygen nanotherapeutics that relieve the hypoxic microenvironment and interfere with bacterial colonization have been shown to be a promising candidate for the management of drug-resistant microbial keratitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayun Bai
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yuqing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yingchao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaosong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhongming Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Xinge Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Yao B, Li Y, Chen T, Niu Y, Wang Y, Yang Y, Wei X, Liu Q, Tu K. Hypoxia-induced cofilin 1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by regulating the PLD1/AKT pathway. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e366. [PMID: 33784016 PMCID: PMC7982636 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth fatal malignant tumour type worldwide. However, the exact molecular mechanism involved in HCC progression remains unclear. Methods Three pairs of HCC and matched portal vein tumour thrombus (PVTT) tissue samples were analysed by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) assay to investigate the differentially expressed proteins. Real‐time quantitative PCR, immunostaining, and immunoblotting were performed to detect cofilin 1 (CFL1) in HCC and non‐tumour tissues. CCK8 and EdU, and Transwell assays, respectively, determined cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells. Further, subcutaneous and tail vein injection were performed in nude mice for investigating HCC growth and lung metastasis in vivo. Regulatory effect of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) on CFL1 was confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. Finally, interaction between CFL1 and phospholipase D1 (PLD1) was studied using immunoprecipitation (IP) assay. Results The iTRAQ analysis identified expression of CFL1 to be significantly upregulated in PVTT than in HCC tissues. Increased expression of CFL1 was closely associated with unfavourable clinical features, and was an independent risk predictor of overall survival in HCC patients. The knockdown of CFL1 inhibited cell growth viability, invasiveness, and epithelial‐mesenchymal transformation (EMT) in HCC cells. Furthermore, CFL1 silencing significantly suppressed the growth and lung metastasis of HCC cells in nude mice. Next, HIF‐1α directly regulated CFL1 transcription by binding to the hypoxia‐responsive element (HRE) in the promoter. Moreover, we disclosed the interaction between CFL1 and PLD1 in HCC cells using IP assay. Mechanistically, CFL1 maintained PLD1 expression by repressing ubiquitin‐mediated protein degradation, thereby activating AKT signalling in HCC cells. Notably, the CFL1/PLD1 axis was found mediating the hypoxia‐induced activation of the AKT pathway and EMT. Conclusion The analysis suggests that hypoxia‐induced CFL1 increases the proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT in HCC by activating the PLD1/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Yao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yazhao Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianxiang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yongshen Niu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinyu Wei
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Qingguang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kangsheng Tu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Meng L, Wang C, Lu Y, Sheng G, Yang L, Wu Z, Xu H, Han C, Lu Y, Han F. Targeted Regulation of Blood-Brain Barrier for Enhanced Therapeutic Efficiency of Hypoxia-Modifier Nanoparticles and Immune Checkpoint Blockade Antibodies for Glioblastoma. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:11657-11671. [PMID: 33684289 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most destructive type of brain cancer. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a tremendous obstacle that hinders therapeutic agents, such as chemical drugs and antibodies, from reaching glioblastoma tissues. Meanwhile, the abnormal microenvironment of glioblastoma extremely restricts the expected therapeutic effects of accumulated drugs. Therefore, in the present study, BBB-regulating nanovesicles (BRN) are developed to achieve targeted and controlled BBB regulation, carrying adenosine 2A receptor (A2AR) agonists and perfluorocarbon (PF). The red-blood-cell membrane (RBCM) is included on the outside to avoid the premature release of therapeutic agents. In the presence of ultrasonication (US), A2AR agonists are released and induce effects on both F-actin and tight junctions of endothelial cells. Subsequently, BBB permeability is temporarily increased and enables small molecules and nanoparticles to enter brain parenchymal tissues. The high affinity between manganese dioxide and temozolomide (TMZ) is utilized to form multifunctional nanoparticles to ameliorate the hypoxic microenvironment, which yields improved glioblastoma inhibition combined with radiotherapy. Moreover, with the aid of targeted BBB regulation, programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) antibody induces a tumor-specific immune response. Taken together, the findings suggest that synergistic combination may have the potential in amplifying the therapeutic efficacies of clinical drugs and immune checkpoint blockade antibodies to overcome the therapeutic resistance of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingtong Meng
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Cuirong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yaping Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Gang Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhouyue Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Hang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Chao Han
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yingmei Lu
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Feng Han
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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Huo Z, Lomora M, Kym U, Palivan C, Holland-Cunz SG, Gros SJ. AQP1 Is Up-Regulated by Hypoxia and Leads to Increased Cell Water Permeability, Motility, and Migration in Neuroblastoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:605272. [PMID: 33644043 PMCID: PMC7905035 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.605272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The water channel aquaporin 1 (AQP1) has been implicated in tumor progression and metastasis. It is hypothesized that AQP1 expression can facilitate the transmembrane water transport leading to changes in cell structure that promote migration. Its impact in neuroblastoma has not been addressed so far. The objectives of this study have been to determine whether AQP1 expression in neuroblastoma is dependent on hypoxia, to demonstrate whether AQP1 is functionally relevant for migration, and to further define AQP1-dependent properties of the migrating cells. This was determined by investigating the reaction of neuroblastoma cell lines, particularly SH-SY5Y, Kelly, SH-EP Tet-21/N and SK-N-BE(2)-M17 to hypoxia, quantitating the AQP1-related water permeability by stopped-flow spectroscopy, and studying the migration-related properties of the cells in a modified transwell assay. We find that AQP1 expression in neuroblastoma cells is up-regulated by hypoxic conditions, and that increased AQP1 expression enabled the cells to form a phenotype which is associated with migratory properties and increased cell agility. This suggests that the hypoxic tumor microenvironment is the trigger for some tumor cells to transition to a migratory phenotype. We demonstrate that migrating tumor cell express elevated AQP1 levels and a hypoxic biochemical phenotype. Our experiments strongly suggest that elevated AQP1 might be a key driver in transitioning stable tumor cells to migrating tumor cells in a hypoxic microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihe Huo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children's Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mihai Lomora
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Urs Kym
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children's Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Palivan
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan G Holland-Cunz
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children's Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie J Gros
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children's Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Zhang Z, Yang W, Ma F, Ma Q, Zhang B, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Liu H, Hua Y. Enhancing the chemotherapy effect of Apatinib on gastric cancer by co-treating with salidroside to reprogram the tumor hypoxia micro-environment and induce cell apoptosis. Drug Deliv 2021; 27:691-702. [PMID: 32397840 PMCID: PMC7269049 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1754528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic microenvironment commonly occurred in the solid tumors considerably decreases the chemosensitivity of cancer cells. Salidroside (Sal), the main active ingredient of Rhodiola rosea, was shown to be able of regulating the tumor hypoxia micro-environment and enhancing the chemotherapeutic efficacy of drug-resistant cancer. Therefore, in this study, the Sal was co-loaded with Apatinib (Apa) by the PLGA-based nanoparticles (NPs) to improve the chemosensitivity of gastric cancer cells. Additionally, to improve the drug delivery efficacy, the tumor-homing peptide (iVR1 peptides) was further decorated on the surface of NPs. The tumor targeting ability of the peptides-functionalized nanoparticles (iVR1-NPs-Apa/Sal) was evaluated by in vitro and in vivo experiments. As the obtained results revealed that the iVR1-NPs-Apa/Sal displayed excellent tumor affinity than the unmodified ones (NPs-Apa/Sal), which in turn resulted in more efficient of anti-proliferation of gastric cancer cells and anti-tumor effect in vivo. In addition, compared with the cells or tumor-bearing mice only treaded by monotherapy of Apa, the cells or mice received combinational treatment of Apa and Sal showed obvious lower rate of growth, invasion, and migration or tumor growth and progress. Underlying mechanisms were further investigated and it was revealed that the anti-gastric cancer effect of Apa was signally improved by Sal through down-regulation the proliferation factors and increase the pro-apoptotic genes, as well as reprograming the tumor hypoxia micro-environment. In a word, the study showed that the Sal was able of improving the chemosensitivity of gastric cancer to Apa and the iVR1-NPs-Apa/Sal was capable of realizing highly efficient of tumor-targeting drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhandong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan, Zhengzhou
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan, Zhengzhou
| | - Fei Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan, Zhengzhou
| | - Qi Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan, Zhengzhou
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan, Zhengzhou
| | - Yonglei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan, Zhengzhou
| | - Yingqiang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan, Zhengzhou
| | - Hongxing Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan, Zhengzhou
| | - Yawei Hua
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan, Zhengzhou
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10
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Zan Y, Dai Z, Liang L, Deng Y, Dong L. Co-delivery of plantamajoside and sorafenib by a multi-functional nanoparticle to combat the drug resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma through reprograming the tumor hypoxic microenvironment. Drug Deliv 2019; 26:1080-1091. [PMID: 31735093 PMCID: PMC6882497 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2019.1654040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib (SOR) is a multi-kinase inhibitor that was approved as the first-line systematic treatment agent of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the anti-cancerous effect of SOR is dramatically impaired by the drug resistance, insufficient accumulation at tumor tissues, and limited tumor inner penetration. To combat the above issues, the PLA-based nanoparticles were first fabricated and co-loaded with SOR and plantamajoside (PMS), natural herbal medicines that possess excellent anti-cancerous effect on many types of drug resistant cancers. Then, the polypeptide CT, which is tumor-homing and cell membrane penetrable, was further decorated on the dual-agents loaded nanoparticles (CTNP-PMS/SOR) to enhance tumor accumulation of drugs. Importantly, the CT peptide is a conjugate derived from the covalent conjugation of CVNHPAFAC peptide, a tumor-homing peptide, on the fourth lysine of TAT, namely cell membrane penetrating peptide, through a pH-sensitive hydrazone bond. By this way, the cell penetrating ability of TAT was dramatically sealed under the normal condition and immediately recovered once the nanoparticles reached tumor sites. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that the anti-cancerous effect of SOR on malignant HCC was significantly enhanced after co-loaded with PMS. Mechanisms studies revealed that the PMS is capable of reprograming the tumor hypoxic microenvironment, which represents the main cause of drug-resistance of tumor cells. Besides, functionalization of the NP-PMS/SOR with CT peptides signally improved the accumulation of drugs at tumor sites and penetration of agents into tumor cells, which in turn resulted in stronger capacity of tumor growth inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zan
- Department of Digestive, The Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, China
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Digestive, The Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, China
| | - Liang Liang
- Department of Digestive, The Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, China
| | - Yujiao Deng
- Department of Digestive, The Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, China
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Digestive, The Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, China
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11
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Lee SY, Yang J, Park JH, Shin HK, Kim WJ, Kim SY, Lee EJ, Hwang I, Lee CS, Lee J, Kim HS. The MicroRNA-92a/Sp1/MyoD Axis Regulates Hypoxic Stimulation of Myogenic Lineage Differentiation in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells. Mol Ther 2019; 28:142-156. [PMID: 31606324 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic microenvironments exist in developing embryonic tissues and determine stem cell fate. We previously demonstrated that hypoxic priming plays roles in lineage commitment of embryonic stem cells. In the present study, we found that hypoxia-primed embryoid bodies (Hyp-EBs) efficiently differentiate into the myogenic lineage, resulting in the induction of the myogenic marker MyoD, which was not mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) or HIF2α, but rather by Sp1 induction and binding to the MyoD promoter. Knockdown of Sp1 in Hyp-EBs abrogated hypoxia-induced MyoD expression and myogenic differentiation. Importantly, in the cardiotoxin-muscle injury mice model, Hyp-EB transplantation facilitated muscle regeneration in vivo, whereas transplantation of Sp1-knockdown Hyp-EBs failed to do. Moreover, we compared microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles between EBs under normoxia versus hypoxia and found that hypoxia-mediated Sp1 induction was mediated by the suppression of miRNA-92a, which directly targeted the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) of Sp1. Further, the inhibitory effect of miRNA-92a on Sp1 in luciferase assay was abolished by a point mutation in specific sequence in the Sp1 3' UTR that is required for the binding of miRNA-92a. Collectively, these results suggest that hypoxic priming enhances EB commitment to the myogenic lineage through miR-92a/Sp1/MyoD regulatory axis, suggesting a new pathway that promotes myogenic-lineage differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Yeon Lee
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Korean Medical Science Research Center for Healthy-Aging, Graduate Training Program of Korean Medicine for Healthy-Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jimin Yang
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hwa Park
- Korean Medical Science Research Center for Healthy-Aging, Graduate Training Program of Korean Medicine for Healthy-Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Kyoung Shin
- Korean Medical Science Research Center for Healthy-Aging, Graduate Training Program of Korean Medicine for Healthy-Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jean Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan 49267, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Yeon Kim
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Lee
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Injoo Hwang
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Soo Lee
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewon Lee
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Soo Kim
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Molecular Medicine & Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Li W, Sun X. Recent Advances In Developing Novel Anti-Cancer Drugs Targeting Tumor Hypoxic and Acidic Microenvironments. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2018; 13:455-468. [PMID: 30173649 DOI: 10.2174/1574892813666180831102519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solid tumors often contain hypoxic microenvironments due to abnormal vasculatures and outweighing demands of oxygen. Cancer cells rely on anaerobic respiration, leading to sequential acidic microenvironments. Hypoxic and acidic microenvironments cause genetic instability and activate signaling pathways, contributing to cancer progression and therapy resistance, and have become targets for developing novel anti-cancer agents. OBJECTIVE This article reviews recent advances in the development of novel anti-cancer drugs targeting hypoxic and acidic microenvironments. METHODS Recent patents and published literature related to anti-cancer agents targeting tumor hypoxic and acidic microenvironments were searched and reviewed. Key termed used in the searching included cancer, anti-cancer drug, neoplasm, clinical trials, tumor microenvironment, hypoxic microenvironment, acidic microenvironment, hypoxia-inducible factors, hypoxia; metabolism; Warburg effect and aerobic glycolysis. RESULTS A number of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF) inhibitors have been developed or discovered, but most of them have only exhibited indirect effects on HIFs, and a limited number of drugs are able to directly interfere with mRNA and protein of HIFs, the dimerization of α and β subunits, or the interaction between HIFs and its activators. The development of agents targeting acidic microenvironments focuses on V-ATPase, monocarboxylic acid transporters, Na+/H+ exchangers and carbonic anhydrases. Proton pump inhibitors as V-ATPase inhibitors have been applied in treating various tumors as an adjuvant therapy, but none of the other inhibitors has been approved for cancer treatment. CONCLUSION Developing more specific agents, and seeking sensitive, applicable and accurate biomarkers may improve the efficacy of drugs targeting hypoxic and acidic microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Li
- The Hepatosplenic Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xueying Sun
- The Hepatosplenic Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin 150001, China.,Department of Molecular Medicine & Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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13
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Li L, Liu Y, Li H, Guo X, He X, Geng S, Zhao H, Peng X, Shi D, Xiong B, Zhou G, Zhao Y, Zheng C, Yang X. Rational design of temperature-sensitive blood-vessel-embolic nanogels for improving hypoxic tumor microenvironment after transcatheter arterial embolization. Theranostics 2018; 8:6291-6306. [PMID: 30613298 PMCID: PMC6299701 DOI: 10.7150/thno.28845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) plays an important role in clinical tumor therapy by accomplishing vessel-casting embolization of tumor arteries at all levels and suppressing tumor collateral circulation and vascular re-canalization. In this study, we describe smart blood-vessel-embolic nanogels for improving the anti-tumor efficacy of TAE therapy on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: In this study, an in vitro model composed of two microfluidic chips was used for simulating the tumor capillary network and analyzing artery-embolization properties. Also, blood-vessel-casting embolization of renal arteries was evaluated in normal rabbits. Using a VX2 tumor-bearing rabbit model, the therapeutic efficacy of TAE on HCC was investigated for tumor growth, necrosis, and proliferation. Neovascularization and collateral circulation were evaluated by immunofluorescent detection of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and CD31 following the TAE therapy of VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits. Results: Sufficient embolization of all eight levels of micro-channels was achieved in a tumor-vessel-mimetic model with two microfluidic chips using PIBI-2240, and was further confirmed in renal arteries of normal rabbit. Effective inhibition of tumor collateral circulation and vascular re-canalization was observed in VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits due to the reduced expression levels of HIF-1α, VEGF, and CD31. Conclusions: The exceptional anti-tumor effect of PIBI-2240 observed in this study suggested that it is an excellent blood-vessel-embolic material for tumor TAE therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan City, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 518057, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 518057, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Han Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan City, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 518057, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Guo
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaojun He
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shinan Geng
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan City, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 518057, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan City, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 518057, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Xiaole Peng
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan City, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 518057, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Dingwen Shi
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan City, P. R. China
| | - Bin Xiong
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Guofeng Zhou
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yanbing Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan City, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 518057, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Chuansheng Zheng
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiangliang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan City, P. R. China
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Bendinelli P, Maroni P, Matteucci E, Desiderio MA. Cell and Signal Components of the Microenvironment of Bone Metastasis Are Affected by Hypoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E706. [PMID: 27187355 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17050706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone metastatic cells release bone microenvironment proteins, such as the matricellular protein SPARC (secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine), and share a cell signaling typical of the bone metabolism controlled by Runx2. The megakaryocytes in the bone marrow engrafted by the metastases seem to be one of the principal microenvironment sources of the biological stimuli, implicated in the formation of an osteoblastic niche, and affecting metastasis phenotype and colonization. Educated platelets in the circulation might derive from megakaryocytes in bone metastasis. The evaluation of predictive markers in the circulating platelets might be useful for the stratification of patients for therapeutic purposes. The hypoxic environment in bone metastasis is one of the key regulators of the network of the biological soluble and structural components of the matrix. In bone metastatic cells under hypoxia, similar patterns of Runx2 and SPARC are observed, both showing downregulation. Conversely, hypoxia induces Endothelin 1, which upregulates SPARC, and these biological stimuli may be considered prognostic markers of bone metastasis in breast carcinoma patients.
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15
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Shen H, Yang Y, Xia S, Rao B, Zhang J, Wang J. Blockage of Nrf2 suppresses the migration and invasion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells in hypoxic microenvironment. Dis Esophagus 2013; 27:685-92. [PMID: 24028437 DOI: 10.1111/dote.12124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a critical cell protector by inducing phase two detoxifying and anti-oxidant enzymes in normal cells. But recently, numerous evidence show Nrf2 may play the same beneficial roles toward the cancer cells. Nrf2 is found upexpressed in lots of cancers and promote the proliferation and drug resistance. But studies about the role of Nrf2 in the metastases are few. It has been testified that the tumor cells are under hypoxic conditions. As an important anti-oxidant element, the expression of Nrf2 may be upregulated, which in turn promotes the tumor invasion and metastases in the hypoxic microenvironment. Our team found the expression of Nrf2 correlated with the lymph node metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by pathological sections of esophageal carcinoma patients. Further, the mechanism beneath it was studied in this paper. It was hypothesized that the hypoxia microenvironment transformed Nrf2 a friend to a foe. First, Eca-109 cells were treated with different concentration of CoCl2 . Western blot and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction showed that with the increase of the concentration of CoCl2 , the expression levels of Nrf2 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) alpha were upregulated simultaneously. By analyzing the data, a significant correlation between Nrf2 and HIF-1 alpha in the protein levels was found. Further, blockage of Nrf2 mediated by shRNA suppressed the expression of HIF-1 alpha, hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1), and matrix metalloproteinase 2 but enhanced the expression of E-cadherin. In addition, the results of wound healing and invasion assay-verified blockage of Nrf2 suppressed the migration and invasion. So it was suggested that blockage of Nrf2 repressed the migration and invasion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells in the hypoxic microenvironment. HIF-1 alpha might be one of the downstream genes of Nrf2 regulated through Nrf2/HO-1 axis in the CoCl2 model. Nrf2 inhibition suppressed matrix metalloproteinase 2 and enhanced E-cadherin partly through HIF-1 alpha way.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Shen
- Department of Thoracic Oncosurgery, First Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; The Third Department of Journal Surgery, First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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De Tullio MC, Guether M, Balestrini R. Ascorbate oxidase is the potential conductor of a symphony of signaling pathways. Plant Signal Behav 2013; 8:e23213. [PMID: 23299329 PMCID: PMC3676494 DOI: 10.4161/psb.23213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The functional role of ascorbate oxidase (AO; EC 1.10.3.3) has never been fully explained so far, due to the difficulties in understanding the presence of an enzyme specifically oxidizing ascorbate with no obvious advantage, and the apparent disadvantage of lowering plant stress resistance as a consequence of ascorbate consumption. Here we suggest a complete change of perspective, by proposing an essential role of AO as a modulator of both ascorbate and oxygen content, with relevant implications related to signaling. By affecting the overall redox state, AO is actually involved in redox regulation in the extracellular matrix. In addition, AO can contribute to creating a hypoxic microenvironment, especially relevant in the maintenance of meristem identity and the establishment of mutualistic plant-microbe interactions. We also hypothesize the possible involvement of AO in the activation of a signaling cascade analogous to the mechanism of prolyl hydroxylases/Hypoxia Inducible Factors in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario C. De Tullio
- Department of Biology; University of Bari; Bari, Italy
- Correspondence to: Mario C. De Tullio,
| | - Mike Guether
- Botanical Institute; Plant-Microbial-Interactions; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Germany
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