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Del Bianco T, Haartsen R, Mason L, Leno VC, Springer C, Potter M, Mackay W, Smit P, Plessis CD, Brink L, Johnson MH, Murphy D, Loth E, Odendaal H, Jones EJH. The importance of decomposing periodic and aperiodic EEG signals for assessment of brain function in a global context. Dev Psychobiol 2024; 66:e22484. [PMID: 38528816 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Measures of early neuro-cognitive development that are suitable for use in low-resource settings are needed to enable studies of the effects of early adversity on the developing brain in a global context. These measures should have high acquisition rates and good face and construct validity. Here, we investigated the feasibility of a naturalistic electroencephalography (EEG) paradigm in a low-resource context during childhood. Additionally, we examined the sensitivity of periodic and aperiodic EEG metrics to social and non-social stimuli. We recorded simultaneous 20-channel EEG and eye-tracking in 72 children aged 4-12 years (45 females) while they watched videos of women singing nursery rhymes and moving toys, selected to represent familiar childhood experiences. These measures were part of a feasibility study that assessed the feasibility and acceptability of a follow-up data collection of the South African Safe Passage Study, which tracks environmental adversity and brain and cognitive development from before birth up until childhood. We examined whether data quantity and quality varied with child characteristics and the sensitivity of varying EEG metrics (canonical band power in the theta and alpha band and periodic and aperiodic features of the power spectra). We found that children who completed the EEG and eye-tracking assessment were, in general, representative of the full cohort. Data quantity was higher in children with greater visual attention to the stimuli. Out of the tested EEG metrics, periodic measures in the theta frequency range were most sensitive to condition differences, compared to alpha range measures and canonical and aperiodic EEG measures. Our results show that measuring EEG during ecologically valid social and non-social stimuli is feasible in low-resource settings, is feasible for most children, and produces robust indices of social brain function. This work provides preliminary support for testing longitudinal links between social brain function, environmental factors, and emerging behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Del Bianco
- Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck University of London, London, UK
| | - Rianne Haartsen
- Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck University of London, London, UK
| | - Luke Mason
- Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck University of London, London, UK
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College, London, London, UK
| | - Virginia Carter Leno
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Cilla Springer
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mandy Potter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Wendy Mackay
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Petrusa Smit
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Carlie Du Plessis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lucy Brink
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mark H Johnson
- Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck University of London, London, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Declan Murphy
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College, London, London, UK
| | - Eva Loth
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College, London, London, UK
| | - Hein Odendaal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Emily J H Jones
- Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck University of London, London, UK
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Kazlauskas E, Kairyte A, Zelviene P. Complex posttraumatic stress disorder in adolescence: A two-year follow-up study. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 29:466-478. [PMID: 37402474 PMCID: PMC10945978 DOI: 10.1177/13591045231187975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complex posttraumatic stress disorder is a new diagnosis in the 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). There is a need for a better understanding of complex PTSD in children and adolescents. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to estimate the factors associated with chronic complex PTSD versus recovery of complex PTSD in adolescents in a 2-year follow-up study. METHOD In total, 66 adolescents, mean age 14.5, 73% female, identified as having complex PTSD using self-report at baseline recruited from a general population sample, were included in the study. The International Trauma Questionnaire - Child and Adolescent Version (ITQ-CA) was used for the assessment of complex PTSD. RESULTS Overall, 36% of the study sample has been identified as having chronic complex PTSD over 2 years, 10% met the criteria for PTSD at a 2-year follow-up, and 54% recovered. A higher risk for chronic complex PTSD was associated with exposure to more traumatic events and more life-stressors over the 2 years, low social network, low positive social support, bullying at school, and loneliness. CONCLUSION The study found that around one-third of the traumatized youth had a prolonged trajectory of complex PTSD symptoms, which were associated with negative life experiences and social difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evaldas Kazlauskas
- Center for Psychotraumatology, Institute of Psychology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Agniete Kairyte
- Center for Psychotraumatology, Institute of Psychology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Paulina Zelviene
- Center for Psychotraumatology, Institute of Psychology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Blank ML, Hoek J. Smoking, vaping and drinking: A qualitative analysis of Aotearoa New Zealand young adults who tried e-cigarettes to stop smoking tobacco. Addiction 2024; 119:686-695. [PMID: 38114132 DOI: 10.1111/add.16413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Social practices such as smoking-drinking co-use often go 'hand-in-hand', linked by the coordination of materials, skills and meanings. However, the experience of using e-cigarettes while drinking among people who smoke (and drink) remains underexplored. We used social practice theory to show how smoking, vaping and drinking intersect and to explain how vaping created two new social practices among people who tried e-cigarettes to stop smoking: 'vaping-drinking' co-use and 'smoking-vaping-drinking' poly-use. METHODS We conducted five in-depth interviews over 18-24 weeks during 2018-19, with each of nine Aotearoa New Zealand young adults aged 20-29 years. Participants smoked daily, did not regularly use e-cigarettes at entry and wished to try vaping to stop smoking. We analysed participants' reports of smoking or vaping while drinking using thematic analysis. RESULTS Individual participants reported both co-use and poly-use occasions throughout the study. Vaping-drinking co-use arose from practice 'replacement' processes, where vaping fully substituted smoking. Smoking-vaping-drinking poly-use arose from 'adjacency' processes where vaping complemented smoking. Participants used both processes flexibly over time, which required new skills in material, temporal, pleasure and social coordination to try to recreate valued meanings of comfort, security and communality associated with well-established smoking-drinking practices. Unsuccessful coordination attempts maintained smoking-drinking co-use. CONCLUSION Among Aotearoa New Zealand young adult smokers who want to use vaping to stop smoking, drinking occasions may help to maintain existing smoking-drinking practices and facilitate the development of vaping-drinking co-use and smoking-vaping-drinking poly-use practices, potentially prolonging individuals' exposure to smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ling Blank
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Ōtepoti Dunedin, Aotearoa, New Zealand
| | - Janet Hoek
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Te Whanganui-a-Tara Pōneke, Wellington, Aotearoa, New Zealand
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Sekely A, Zakzanis KK, Mabbott D, Tsang DS, Kongkham P, Zadeh G, Edelstein K. Long-term neurocognitive and psychological outcomes in meningioma survivors: Individual changes over time and radiation dosimetry. Neurooncol Pract 2024; 11:157-170. [PMID: 38496914 PMCID: PMC10940838 DOI: 10.1093/nop/npad072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigates long-term changes in neurocognitive performance and psychological symptoms in meningioma survivors and associations with radiation dose to circumscribed brain regions. Methods We undertook a retrospective study of meningioma survivors who underwent longitudinal clinical neurocognitive assessments. Change in neurocognitive performance or psychological symptoms was assessed using reliable change indices. Radiation dosimetry, if prescribed, was evaluated based on treatment-planning computerized tomography co-registered with contrast-enhanced 3D T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Mixed effects analyses were used to explore whether incidental radiation to brain regions outside the tumor influences neurocognitive and psychological outcomes. Results Most (range = 41%-93%) survivors demonstrated stable-albeit often below average-neurocognitive and psychological trajectories, although some also exhibited improvements (range = 0%-31%) or declines (range = 0%-36%) over time. Higher radiation dose to the parietal-occipital region (partial R2 = 0.462) and cerebellum (partial R2 = 0.276) was independently associated with slower visuomotor processing speed. Higher dose to the hippocampi was associated with increases in depression (partial R2 = 0.367) and trait anxiety (partial R2 = 0.236). Conclusions Meningioma survivors experience neurocognitive deficits and psychological symptoms many years after diagnosis, and a proportion of them decline over time. This study offers proof of concept that incidental radiation to brain regions beyond the tumor site may contribute to these sequelae. Future investigations should include radiation dosimetry when examining risk factors that contribute to the quality of survivorship in this growing population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Sekely
- Graduate Department of Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Konstantine K Zakzanis
- Graduate Department of Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Donald Mabbott
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Neurosciences, and Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Derek S Tsang
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul Kongkham
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gelareh Zadeh
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kim Edelstein
- Graduate Department of Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Borgers T, Enneking V, Klug M, Garbe J, Meinert H, Wulle M, König P, Zwiky E, Herrmann R, Selle J, Dohm K, Kraus A, Grotegerd D, Repple J, Opel N, Leehr EJ, Gruber M, Goltermann J, Meinert S, Bauer J, Heindel W, Kavakbasi E, Baune BT, Dannlowski U, Redlich R. Long-term effects of electroconvulsive therapy on brain structure in major depression. Psychol Med 2024; 54:940-950. [PMID: 37681274 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723002647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies on major depressive disorder (MDD) have predominantly found short-term electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)-related gray matter volume (GMV) increases, but research on the long-term stability of such changes is missing. Our aim was to investigate long-term GMV changes over a 2-year period after ECT administration and their associations with clinical outcome. METHODS In this nonrandomized longitudinal study, patients with MDD undergoing ECT (n = 17) are assessed three times by structural MRI: Before ECT (t0), after ECT (t1) and 2 years later (t2). A healthy (n = 21) and MDD non-ECT (n = 33) control group are also measured three times within an equivalent time interval. A 3(group) × 3(time) ANOVA on whole-brain level and correlation analyses with clinical outcome variables is performed. RESULTS Analyses yield a significant group × time interaction (pFWE < 0.001) resulting from significant volume increases from t0 to t1 and decreases from t1 to t2 in the ECT group, e.g., in limbic areas. There are no effects of time in both control groups. Volume increases from t0 to t1 correlate with immediate and delayed symptom increase, while volume decreases from t1 to t2 correlate with long-term depressive outcome (all p ⩽ 0.049). CONCLUSIONS Volume increases induced by ECT appear to be a transient phenomenon as volume strongly decreased 2 years after ECT. Short-term volume increases are associated with less symptom improvement suggesting that the antidepressant effect of ECT is not due to volume changes. Larger volume decreases are associated with poorer long-term outcome highlighting the interplay between disease progression and structural changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiana Borgers
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A9a, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Verena Enneking
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A9a, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Melissa Klug
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A9a, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jasper Garbe
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A9a, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Hannah Meinert
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A9a, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Marius Wulle
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A9a, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Philine König
- Department of Psychology, University of Halle, Emil-Abderhalden-Straße 26, 06108 Halle, Germany
| | - Esther Zwiky
- Department of Psychology, University of Halle, Emil-Abderhalden-Straße 26, 06108 Halle, Germany
| | - Rebekka Herrmann
- Department of Psychology, University of Halle, Emil-Abderhalden-Straße 26, 06108 Halle, Germany
| | - Janine Selle
- Department of Psychology, University of Halle, Emil-Abderhalden-Straße 26, 06108 Halle, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Psychische Gesundheit, German Center of Mental Health, Site Halle, MLU Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - Katharina Dohm
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A9a, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Anna Kraus
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A9a, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dominik Grotegerd
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A9a, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jonathan Repple
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A9a, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Strasse 10, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nils Opel
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A9a, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Jena, Philosophenweg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Elisabeth J Leehr
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A9a, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Marius Gruber
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A9a, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Janik Goltermann
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A9a, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Susanne Meinert
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A9a, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A9a, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jochen Bauer
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A16, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Walter Heindel
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A16, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Erhan Kavakbasi
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A9, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard T Baune
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A9, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Udo Dannlowski
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A9a, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ronny Redlich
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A9a, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Halle, Emil-Abderhalden-Straße 26, 06108 Halle, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Psychische Gesundheit, German Center of Mental Health, Site Halle, MLU Halle, Halle, Germany
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Larsson A, Miniscalco C, Mark H, Jönsson R, Persson C. Persisting speech difficulties at 7-8 years of age - a longitudinal study of speech production in internationally adopted children with cleft lip and palate. LOGOP PHONIATR VOCO 2024; 49:1-10. [PMID: 35833222 DOI: 10.1080/14015439.2022.2083673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM To longitudinally investigate speech production (consonant proficiency, consonant errors and perceived velopharyngeal competence) in 17 internationally adopted (IA) children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) at three time points. METHOD Consonant proficiency (percent consonants correct, consonant inventory) and number and type of consonant errors were calculated based on blind phonetic transcriptions of words from the Swedish Test of Articulation and Nasality (SVANTE). Velopharyngeal competence was perceptually rated by three blinded experienced speech-language pathologists at the ages of 3, 5 and 7-8 years. RESULTS A significant positive development of speech production was found, although most children still scored very low for consonant proficiency at the age of 7-8 compared with normative values: the median for percent consonants correct was 79.7 and many children still had persisting cleft-related and developmental consonant errors. At the age of 7-8, almost half of the children were rated as having a competent velopharyngeal function and only three as having an incompetent velopharyngeal function. CONCLUSION Persisting speech difficulties at school age in IA children with UCLP were found in the present study, which is one of the very few longitudinal studies. Our results highlight the need for detailed follow-up of speech production in clinical settings. Speech disorders may have a severe impact on a child's intelligibility and participation with peers, and there is a need for more studies investigating the actual everyday effect of the difficulties found.
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Affiliation(s)
- AnnaKarin Larsson
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Speech and Language Pathology Unit, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Child Health Unit Gothenburg & Södra Bohuslän, Regionhälsan, Region Västra Götaland, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Carmela Miniscalco
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Department of Child Neuropsychiatry and Paediatric Speech and Language Pathology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hans Mark
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Radoslava Jönsson
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Audiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christina Persson
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Speech and Language Pathology Unit, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Bauducco SV, Gardner LA, Champion K, Newton N, Gradisar M. It's past your bedtime, but does it matter anymore? How longitudinal changes in bedtime rules relate to adolescents' sleep. J Sleep Res 2024; 33:e13940. [PMID: 37192612 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated how changing or maintaining parent-set bedtimes over time relates to adolescents' sleep timing, latency, and duration. Adolescents (n = 2509; Mage = 12.6 [0.5] years; 47% m) self-reported their sleep patterns, and whether they had parent-set bedtimes on two separate occasions in 2019 (T1; 12.6 years) and 2020 (T2; 13.7 years). We identified four groups based on parent-set bedtimes: (1) bedtime rules at both T1 and T2 (46%, n = 1155), (2) no bedtime rules at T1 nor T2 (26%, n = 656), (3) bedtime rules at T1 but not T2 (19%, n = 472), (4) no bedtime rules at T1 but a parent-set bedtime at T2 (9%, n = 226). As expected, the entire sample showed that bedtimes generally became later and sleep duration shorter across adolescence, but the change differed among the groups. Adolescents whose parents introduced bedtime rules at T2 reported earlier bedtimes and longer sleep duration (~20 min) compared with adolescents with no bedtime rules at T2. Importantly, they no longer differed from adolescents who consistently had bedtimes across T1 and T2. There was no significant interaction for sleep latency, which declined at a similar rate for all groups. These results are the first to suggest that maintaining or re-introducing a parent-set bedtime may be possible and beneficial for adolescents' sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Bauducco
- School of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
- College of Education, Psychology & Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - L A Gardner
- The Matilda Centre for Research Excellence in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - K Champion
- The Matilda Centre for Research Excellence in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - N Newton
- The Matilda Centre for Research Excellence in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M Gradisar
- Sleep Cycle, Gothenburg, Sweden
- WINK Sleep, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Klenfeldt IF, Skoog G, Skoog J, Skoog I. The natural history of lifetime psychiatric disorders in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder followed over half a century. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2024; 149:284-294. [PMID: 38332338 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Few long-term studies have examined the life-time prevalence of comorbid psychiatric conditions in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). We therefore studied the frequency of comorbid psychiatric disorders, and their relation to onset and prognosis, in patients with OCD who were followed for almost half a century. METHODS During 1947-1953, 285 OCD patients were admitted as inpatients to a university hospital in Gothenburg, Sweden. Among those, 251 (88%) accepted a structured comprehensive psychiatric examination in 1954-1956. In 1989-1993, 176 survivors were eligible and 144 (response rate 82%) were re-examined. The same psychiatrist performed both examinations. OCD was diagnosed according to the Schneider criteria, and other mental disorders according to DSM-IV. Mean follow-up since onset was 47 years. RESULTS The lifetime frequency of depressive disorders was 84.7% (major depression 43.8%), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) 71.5%, panic anxiety disorder 47.9%, agoraphobia 52.1%, specific phobias 64.6%, social phobia 47.9%, paranoid conditions 40.3% (29.1% paranoid ideation), psychotic disorders 15.3%, alcohol abuse 13.2% (men 39%, women 3%) and substance abuse 17.4%. Specific phobia most often started before OCD, while depression had a varied onset in relation to OCD. Social phobia, agoraphobia, GAD, alcohol and substance abuse, psychotic disorders and paranoid conditions most often started after OCD. Presence of GAD, psychotic disorder and substance abuse worsened prognosis of OCD. CONCLUSION Comorbid psychiatric conditions are common in OCD patients, and have onset throughout the course. OCD signals vulnerability for other psychiatric conditions, which are important to detect in clinical practice as they negatively affect the outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isak Fredén Klenfeldt
- Section of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Center for Ageing and Health (AgeCap), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Affective Clinic, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychiatry, Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry Clinic, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Skoog
- Section of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Skoog
- Section of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Center for Ageing and Health (AgeCap), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychiatry, Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry Clinic, Gothenburg, Sweden
- The Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ingmar Skoog
- Section of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Center for Ageing and Health (AgeCap), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychiatry, Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry Clinic, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Poupore NS, Britt AF, Nguyen SA, White DR. Complications After Pediatric Temporal Bone Fractures by Classification System: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 170:1009-1019. [PMID: 38168743 DOI: 10.1002/ohn.638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the rates of complications after pediatric temporal bone fractures (TBF) and the utility of the longitudinal, transverse, and mixed versus the otic capsule sparing (OCS) and otic capsule violating (OCV) classification systems in predicting these complications. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL. REVIEW METHODS Per PRISMA guidelines, studies of children with TBFs were included. Meta-analyses of proportions were performed. RESULTS A total of 22 studies with 1376 TBFs were included. Children with TBF had higher rates of conductive hearing loss (CHL) than sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) (31.3% [95% confidence interval [CI] 23.2-40.1] vs 12.9% [95% CI 8.9-17.5]). No differences in both CHL and SNHL were seen between longitudinal and transverse TBFs; however, OCV TBFs had higher rates of SNHL than OCS TBFs (59.3% [95% CI 27.8-87.0] vs 4.9% [95% CI 1.5-10.1]). Of all patients, 9.9% [95% CI 7.2-13.1] experienced facial nerve (FN) paresis/paralysis, and 13.4% [95% CI 5.9-23.2] experienced cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea. Transverse TBFs had higher rates of FN paresis/paralysis than longitudinal (27.7% [95% CI 17.4-40.0] vs 8.6% [95% CI 5.2-12.8]), but rates were similar between OCS and OCV TBFs. CONCLUSION CHL was the most common complication after TBF in children; however, neither classification system was superior in identifying CHL. The traditional system was more effective at identifying FN injuries, and the new system was more robust at identifying SNHL. While these results suggest that both classification systems might have utility in evaluating pediatric TBFs, these analyses were limited by sample size. Future research on outcomes of pediatric TBFs stratified by type of fracture, mainly focusing on long-term outcomes, is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas S Poupore
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Annie F Britt
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Medical University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Shaun A Nguyen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - David R White
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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10
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Rattsev I, Stearns V, Blackford AL, Hertz DL, Smith KL, Rae JM, Taylor CO. Incorporation of emergent symptoms and genetic covariates improves prediction of aromatase inhibitor therapy discontinuation. JAMIA Open 2024; 7:ooae006. [PMID: 38250582 PMCID: PMC10799747 DOI: 10.1093/jamiaopen/ooae006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Early discontinuation is common among breast cancer patients taking aromatase inhibitors (AIs). Although several predictors have been identified, it is unclear how to simultaneously consider multiple risk factors for an individual. We sought to develop a tool for prediction of AI discontinuation and to explore how predictive value of risk factors changes with time. Materials and Methods Survival machine learning was used to predict time-to-discontinuation of AIs in 181 women who enrolled in a prospective cohort. Models were evaluated via time-dependent area under the curve (AUC), c-index, and integrated Brier score. Feature importance was analysis was conducted via Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) and time-dependence of their predictive value was analyzed by time-dependent AUC. Personalized survival curves were constructed for risk communication. Results The best-performing model incorporated genetic risk factors and changes in patient-reported outcomes, achieving mean time-dependent AUC of 0.66, and AUC of 0.72 and 0.67 at 6- and 12-month cutoffs, respectively. The most significant features included variants in ESR1 and emergent symptoms. Predictive value of genetic risk factors was highest in the first year of treatment. Decrease in physical function was the strongest independent predictor at follow-up. Discussion and Conclusion Incorporation of genomic and 3-month follow-up data improved the ability of the models to identify the individuals at risk of AI discontinuation. Genetic risk factors were particularly important for predicting early discontinuers. This study provides insight into the complex nature of AI discontinuation and highlights the importance of incorporating genetic risk factors and emergent symptoms into prediction models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilia Rattsev
- Institute for Computational Medicine, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21218, United States
| | - Vered Stearns
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, United States
| | - Amanda L Blackford
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, United States
| | - Daniel L Hertz
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Karen L Smith
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, United States
| | - James M Rae
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Casey Overby Taylor
- Institute for Computational Medicine, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21218, United States
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, United States
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11
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Levi-Belz Y, Levinstein Y, Zerach G. The impact of moral injury on trajectories of depression: a five-year longitudinal study among recently discharged Israeli veterans. Anxiety Stress Coping 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38529565 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2024.2333374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perpetrating or witnessing acts that violate one's moral code are frequent among military personnel and active combatants. These events, termed potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs), were found to be associated with an increased risk of depression, in cross-sectional studies. However, the longitudinal contribution of PMIEs to depression among combatants remains unclear. METHOD Participants were 374 active-duty combatants who participated in a longitudinal study with four measurement points: T1-one year before enlistment, T2-at discharge from army service, and then again 6- and 12-months following discharge (T3 and T4, respectively). At T1, personal characteristics assessed through semi-structured interviews. At T2-T4, PMIEs and depressive symptoms were assessed. RESULTS At discharge (T2), a total of 48.7% of combatants reported experiencing PMIEs incident, compared with 42.4% at T3 and 30.7% at T4. We found a significant interaction effect in which combatants endorsing PMIEs at discharge reported higher severity of depression symptoms at discharge (T2) than combatants who reported no PMIEs. This effect decreased over time as depression levels were lower at T3 and T4. CONCLUSIONS PMIE experiences, and especially PMIE-Betrayal experiences, were found to be valid predictors of higher severity of depression symptoms after the first year following discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yossi Levi-Belz
- The Lior Tsfaty Center for Suicide and Mental Pain Studies, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Hefer, Israel
| | - Yoav Levinstein
- Department of Social Work, Bar -Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Health and Well-being, Medical Corps, IDF, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Gadi Zerach
- Department of Psychology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
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12
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Hing N, Russell AMT, Rawat V, Bryden GM, Browne M, Rockloff M, Thorne HB, Newall P, Dowling NA, Merkouris SS, Stevens M. The COVID-19 lockdown experience suggests that restricting the supply of gambling can reduce gambling problems: An Australian prospective study. J Behav Addict 2024; 13:146-162. [PMID: 38345618 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2023.00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aims COVID-19 lockdowns limited access to gambling but simultaneously elevated psychosocial stressors. This study assessed the relative effects of these changes on gambling risk status during and after the Australian COVID-19 lockdown from late-March to late-May 2020. Methods The study administered three surveys to people who had gambled within the past year at T1. Wave 1 asked about before (T1, N = 2,125) and during lockdown (T2, N = 2,125). Subsequent surveys focused on one year (T3; N = 649) and two years after lockdown (T4, N = 458). The dependent variable was changes in reporting any problem gambling symptoms (PGSI 0 vs 1+). Bivariate analyses and multinomial logistic regression tested for significant associations with: demographics, psychosocial stressors (perceived stress, psychological distress, loneliness, health anxiety about COVID, financial hardship, stressful life events), gambling participation and gambling frequency. Results Gambling participation and at-risk gambling decreased between T1 and T2, increased at T3, with little further change at T4. When gambling availability was curtailed, decreased gambling frequency on EGMs, casino games, sports betting or race betting, and lower psychosocial stress, were associated with transitions from at-risk to non-problem gambling. When gambling availability resumed, increased EGM gambling frequency, decreased online gambling frequency, and higher psychosocial stress were associated with transitions from non-problem to at-risk gambling. Discussion and conclusions Gambling availability appears a stronger influence on gambling problems, at the population level, than psychosocial risk factors. Reducing the supply of high-risk gambling products, particularly EGMs, is likely to reduce gambling harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerilee Hing
- 1Experimental Gambling Research Laboratory, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, 6 University Dr, Branyan, QLD 4670, Australia
| | - Alex M T Russell
- 2Experimental Gambling Research Laboratory, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, 400 Kent St, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
| | - Vijay Rawat
- 3Experimental Gambling Research Laboratory, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, 120 Spencer St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Gabrielle M Bryden
- 1Experimental Gambling Research Laboratory, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, 6 University Dr, Branyan, QLD 4670, Australia
| | - Matthew Browne
- 1Experimental Gambling Research Laboratory, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, 6 University Dr, Branyan, QLD 4670, Australia
| | - Matthew Rockloff
- 1Experimental Gambling Research Laboratory, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, 6 University Dr, Branyan, QLD 4670, Australia
| | - Hannah B Thorne
- 4Experimental Gambling Research Laboratory, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, 44 Greenhill Rd, Wayville, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Philip Newall
- 5School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, 12a Priory Road, Bristol, BS8 1TU, United Kingdom
| | - Nicki A Dowling
- 6School of Psychology, Deakin University, 1 Gheringhap St, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Stephanie S Merkouris
- 7Deakin University, Geelong, Australia, School of Psychology, 1 Gheringhap St, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
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13
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Yoon SW, Ryu H, Cho D, Kim J. Multiple Trajectories and Predictors of Self-Esteem Change in Later Life: A Latent Growth Mixture Modeling Approach. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2024:914150241240114. [PMID: 38528732 DOI: 10.1177/00914150241240114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Applying latent growth mixture modeling (GMM), this study delves into the examination of self-esteem trajectories in a sample of 5,597 older adults over a nine-year period. Four distinct patterns of self-esteem changes have emerged: low, decreasing, increasing, and high. Additionally, the study explores the relationships between each trajectory and various predictors encompassing demographic factors, socioeconomic status, health, and interpersonal relationships. The findings highlight the significance of these factors in predicting the likelihood of an individual following a specific self-esteem trajectory. Notably, maintaining employment, fostering satisfactory social relationships, and being free of frequent depressive feelings emerged as strong predictors for the stability and increase of high self-esteem. Intriguingly, an average or above-average income was unexpectedly associated with lower levels of self-esteem. The study emphasizes the contribution of GMM to advancing aging research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Won Yoon
- Department of Educational Administration & Human Resource Development, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Hyunok Ryu
- Well Aging Learning Center (Korea), Seoul, Korea
| | - Daeyeon Cho
- Department of Education, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JoHyun Kim
- Department of Higher Education and Learning Technologies, Texas A&M University-Commerce, Commerce, TX, USA
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14
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Schafer KM, Mulligan E, Shapiro MO, Flynn H, Joiner T, Hajcak G. Antenatal anxiety symptoms outperform antenatal depression symptoms and suicidal ideation as a risk factor for postpartum suicidal ideation. Anxiety Stress Coping 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38523456 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2024.2333377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Suicidal ideation (SI) during the postpartum phase is linked with suicide, a leading cause of death during this period. Antenatal depression and anxiety symptoms have both been linked with increased risk for postpartum SI. However, research aimed at examining the relative contributions of antenatal anxiety and depression symptoms towards postpartum SI remains nascent. In this study, we investigated the relative contribution of antenatal anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, and SI towards postpartum SI. DESIGN These data are from a longitudinal study in which American mothers were assessed during pregnancy and again at six- to eight weeks postpartum. METHODS Data were analyzed using correlations and logistic regression models. RESULTS Antenatal anxiety symptoms and antenatal depression symptoms were significantly correlated with postpartum SI. Results from a logistic regression model indicated that antenatal anxiety symptoms (T1; OR = 1.185 [1.125, 1.245], p = .004), but not antenatal depression symptoms (T1; OR = 1.018 [0.943, 1.093], p = .812) or antenatal SI (T1; OR = 1.58 [0.11, 22.29], p = 0.73), were significantly associated with postpartum SI. CONCLUSIONS Antenatal anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, and SI were positively associated with postpartum SI. When examined simultaneously, anxiety symptoms during the antenatal phase (but not depression symptoms or SI) predicted SI in the postpartum phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Musacchio Schafer
- Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Geriatric Research and Education Clinical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Mary O Shapiro
- Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA, USA
- South Central Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Heather Flynn
- School of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Thomas Joiner
- Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Greg Hajcak
- Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
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15
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Olatunji BO, Knowles KA, Adamis AM, Cole DA. Linking a latent variable trait-state-occasion model of emotion regulation to cognitive control. Cogn Emot 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38525828 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2024.2332594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Emotion dysregulation (ED) is a vulnerability factor for affective disorders that may originate from deficits in cognitive control (CC). Although measures of ED are often designed to assess trait-like tendencies, the extent to which such measures capture a time-varying (TV) or state-like construct versus a time-invariant (TI) or trait-like personality characteristic is unclear. The link between the TV and TI components of ED and CC is also unclear. In a 6-wave, 5-month longitudinal study, community participants (n = 1281) completed the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS-16), a commonly used measure of ED and measures of CC. A latent variable (trait-state-occasion) model showed that the proportion of TI factor variance (.80) was greater than the TV factor variance (.19). Although TV factor stability was significant, the coefficients were small in magnitude. Furthermore, regression weights for the ED TI factor (average β = -.62) were significant and larger than those for the TV factor (average β = -.10) in predicting latent CC at each of the six-time points. These findings suggest that ED, as assessed by the DERS-16, is largely TI and this TI component is more strongly linked to CC than the TV component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bunmi O Olatunji
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kelly A Knowles
- Anxiety Disorders Center, Institute of Living/Hartford Hospital, Connecticut, CT, USA
| | | | - David A Cole
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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16
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Grasmann L, Morawa E, Adler W, Schug C, Borho A, Geiser F, Beschoner P, Jerg-Bretzke L, Albus C, Weidner K, Mogwitz S, Baranowski AM, Erim Y. Depression and anxiety among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: Longitudinal results over 2 years from the multicentre VOICE-EgePan study. J Clin Nurs 2024. [PMID: 38519850 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.17079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To examine symptoms of depression and generalised anxiety among nurses over 2 years during the pandemic and compare them to the general population. BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a significant increase in mental stress among the population worldwide. Nursing staff have been identified as being under remarkable strain. DESIGN A multicentre prospective longitudinal study. METHODS Symptoms of depression and generalised anxiety in 507 nurses were examined at four different time points (T1: April-July 2020, T2: November 2020-January 2021, T3: May-July 2021, T4: February-May 2022). Results were compared with values of the German general population, presence of gender-specific differences was analysed and frequencies of clinically relevant levels of depression and anxiety were determined. RESULTS Throughout the study (T1-T4), a significant increase in depressive and anxiety symptoms was observed. At all four measurement time points, nurses showed significantly higher prevalence for depression and anxiety compared to the German general population. No significant gender differences were found. Frequencies for probable depression and generalised anxiety disorder among nurses were: 21.6% and 18.5% (T1), 31.4% and 29.2% (T2), 29.5% and 26.2% (T3), 33.7% and 26.4% (T4). CONCLUSION During the pandemic, symptoms of depression and generalised anxiety among nurses increased significantly and remained elevated. Their symptom levels were permanently higher than in the general population. These findings strongly suggest that the circumstances of the pandemic severely affected nurses´ mental health. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The COVID-19 pandemic caused a great mental strain on caregivers. This study was able to demonstrate the significant increase in depression and anxiety among nurses during the pandemic. It highlights the urgent need for prevention, screening and support systems in hospitals. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION Supportive programmes and preventive services should be developed, not least to prevent the growing shortage of nurses in the health care systems. REPORTING METHOD The study adhered to relevant EQUATOR guidelines. The STROBE checklist for cohort study was used as the reporting method. PATIENT CONTRIBUTION Five hundred and seven nurses completed the questionnaire and provided data for analysis. TRIAL AND PROTOCOL REGISTRATION The study was registered with the German Clinical Trials Register (https://drks.de/search/en) under the following ID: DRKS00021268.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenja Grasmann
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eva Morawa
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Werner Adler
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Caterina Schug
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andrea Borho
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Franziska Geiser
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Clinic of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Petra Beschoner
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Christophsbad Hospital, Göppingen, Germany
| | - Lucia Jerg-Bretzke
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian Albus
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kerstin Weidner
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sabine Mogwitz
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas M Baranowski
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Clinic of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yesim Erim
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
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17
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Ham L, Fransen HP, de Graeff A, Hendriks MP, de Jong WK, Kloover J, Kuip E, Mandigers C, Sommeijer D, van de Poll L, Raijmakers N, van Zuylen L. Relatives' Unmet Needs in the Last Year of Life of Patients With Advanced Cancer: Results of a Dutch Prospective, Longitudinal Study (eQuiPe). J Palliat Care 2024:8258597241239614. [PMID: 38515425 DOI: 10.1177/08258597241239614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Objective(s): Unmet needs of relatives of patients with advanced cancer not only reduce their own health-related quality of life, but may also negatively affect patients' health outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess changes in relatives' unmet needs of patients with advanced cancer in the last year of life and to identify differences in unmet needs by gender and type of relationship. Methods: Relatives of patients with advanced cancer in the Netherlands were included in a prospective, longitudinal, observational study. Relatives' unmet needs were measured every 3 months with an adapted version of the Problems and Needs in Palliative Care (PNPC) questionnaire Caregiver form (44 items, 12 domains). Questionnaires completed in the patients' last year of life were analyzed. Change of unmet needs in the last year, and differences in unmet needs by gender and type of relationship were analyzed. Results: A total of 409 relatives were included with a median of 4 unmet needs in the patient's last year. Unmet needs were most prevalent at all time points during the last year in the domains "caring for the patient" (highest need = 35%) and "psychological issues" (highest need = 40%). The number of unmet needs of relatives did not change significantly during the last year of life (P=.807). There were no significant differences in the number of unmet needs between male and female partners and between partners and other relatives. Conclusion: The most unmet needs for relatives were in the domains "caring for the patient" and "psychological issues." Professional support should focus on these items. Within these domains, it seems especially important that relatives get more knowledge and support about what scenarios to expect and how to deal with them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurien Ham
- Department of Research & Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization (IKNL), Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Association for Palliative Care (PZNL), Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Heidi P Fransen
- Department of Research & Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization (IKNL), Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Association for Palliative Care (PZNL), Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Alexander de Graeff
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mathijs P Hendriks
- Department of Medical Oncology, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter K de Jong
- Department of Pulmonology, Hospital Gelderse Vallei, Ede, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kloover
- Department of Pulmonology, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands
| | - Evelien Kuip
- Department of Medical Oncology and Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Palliative Care, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Caroline Mandigers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Dirkje Sommeijer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Flevo Hospital, Almere, the Netherlands
| | - Lonneke van de Poll
- Department of Research & Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization (IKNL), Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, CoRPS - Center for Research on Psychology in Somatic Diseases, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Natasja Raijmakers
- Department of Research & Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization (IKNL), Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Association for Palliative Care (PZNL), Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Lia van Zuylen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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18
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Kaim A, Tov MS, Kimhi S, Marciano H, Eshel Y, Adini B. A longitudinal study of societal resilience and its predictors during the Israel-Gaza war. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2024. [PMID: 38515210 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
This study assesses the resilience of Israeli society during the ongoing Israel-Gaza conflict and pinpoints factors that influence this resilience in prolonged national crises. A longitudinal study was carried out with two surveys, both using the same questionnaire to gage societal, community, and individual resilience levels, along with hope, morale, distress, perceived threats, and government support. The initial survey was administered 5 days after the war escalated and the second 1 month later. The study's results reveal a decline in societal resilience over time. The regression analysis identified four major associations at both resilience measurement points. The key variables are community resilience and hope, both contributing positively. Attitudes towards government support (specifically being a government supporter vs. an opponent) also played a role. Additionally, there was a negative association with levels of religiosity, particularly distinguishing between ultra-orthodox and secular individuals. In the temporal analysis predicting future resilience (from data at the first time point to predict resilience at the second time point), societal resilience at the first measurement was the strongest forecaster of its resilience at the second measurement. Additionally, the main continuous variable from the previous analysis, community resilience, continued to be an influential and positive forecaster in the time-based analysis. The research suggests that the initial unifying effect of the conflict, similar to a "Rally around the flag" phenomenon, may be short-lived. The study underlines the importance of community strength, hope, government support, and religious considerations in shaping societal resilience in the face of conflict.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielle Kaim
- ResWell Research Collaboration, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Maya Siman Tov
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shaul Kimhi
- ResWell Research Collaboration, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Stress and Resilience Research Center, Tel-Hai College, Tel-Hai, Israel
| | - Hadas Marciano
- Stress and Resilience Research Center, Tel-Hai College, Tel-Hai, Israel
- The Institute of Information Processing and Decision Making, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yohanan Eshel
- Stress and Resilience Research Center, Tel-Hai College, Tel-Hai, Israel
- Psychology Department, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Bruria Adini
- ResWell Research Collaboration, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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19
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Mitchell TB, Cooley JL, Cummings C, Lelakowska G, Wolfe LD, Ricker BT, Farias R. Latent Profiles of Sleep Disturbance and Impairment in Elementary School-Age Youth: Concurrent and Longitudinal Associations with Emotional, Behavioral, and Academic Functioning. J Pediatr Psychol 2024; 49:153-163. [PMID: 38013220 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsad077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The links from youth sleep problems to emotional, behavioral, and academic functioning are well documented. Latent variable mixture modeling (LVMM) has been used to explore these relations; however, additional research is needed in diverse samples and with self-reports of sleep-related difficulties. The objectives of the current study were to identify profiles based on patterns of sleep disturbance and impairment and explore associations among profiles and functioning at baseline and over a subsequent 6-month period. METHODS Participants were 278 third- through fifth-grade students (M age = 9.27; 51.8% male; 51.1% Hispanic/Latine) and homeroom teachers. Children completed measures of sleep disturbance and impairment, emotion (dys)regulation, and depressive, anxiety, and anger symptoms. Teachers completed measures of youth's emotional and conduct problems, emotion (dys)regulation, and academic performance. LVMM was conducted. RESULTS Three profiles emerged: (1) "Average Sleep Disturbance and Impairment" (n = 148); (2) "Elevated Sleep Disturbance and Average Sleep Impairment" (n = 40); and (3) "Elevated Sleep Disturbance and Impairment" (n = 90). Overall, youth with above average sleep problems had worse functioning at baseline. Further, youth in Profile 3 exhibited increases in self-reported symptoms of depression, anxiety, and anger, as well as worsening teacher-reported academic performance and conduct problems. In contrast, youth in Profile 2 exhibited improvements in self-reported symptoms of depression, anxiety, and anger, as well as teacher-reported emotion regulation, conduct problems, and academic performance. CONCLUSIONS Results highlight the importance of examining self-reports of sleep problems and the need for intervention among children exhibiting elevated sleep disturbance and impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarrah B Mitchell
- Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - John L Cooley
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Caroline Cummings
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Gabriela Lelakowska
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Laurel D Wolfe
- Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Brianna T Ricker
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Rebecca Farias
- Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
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20
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Tseliou F, Riglin L, Thapar AK, Heron J, Dennison CA, Armitage JM, Thapar A, Rice F, Collishaw S. Childhood correlates and young adult outcomes of trajectories of emotional problems from childhood to adolescence. Psychol Med 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38494928 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291724000631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotional problems, especially anxiety, have become increasingly common in recent generations. Few population-based studies have examined trajectories of emotional problems from early childhood to late adolescence or investigated differences in psychiatric and functional outcomes. METHODS Using the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC, n = 8286, 50.4% male), we modeled latent class growth trajectories of emotional problems, using the parent-reported Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire emotional scale (SDQ-E) on seven occasions (4-17 years). Psychiatric outcomes in young adulthood (21-25 years) were major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and self-harm. Functional outcomes were exam attainment, educational/occupational status, and social relationship quality. RESULTS We identified four classes of emotional problems: low (67.0%), decreasing (18.4%), increasing (8.9%), and persistent (5.7%) problems. Compared to those in the low class, individuals with decreasing emotional problems were not at elevated risk of any poor adult outcome. Individuals in the increasing and persistent classes had a greater risk of adult MDD (RR: 1.59 95% CI 1.13-2.26 and RR: 2.25 95% CI 1.49-3.41) and self-harm (RR: 2.37 95% CI 1.91-2.94 and RR: 1.87 95% CI 1.41-2.48), and of impairment in functional domains. Childhood sleep difficulties, irritability, conduct and neurodevelopmental problems, and family adversity were associated with a persistent course of emotional problems. CONCLUSIONS Childhood emotional problems were common, but those whose symptoms improved over time were not at increased risk for adverse adult outcomes. In contrast, individuals with persistent or adolescent-increasing emotional problems had a higher risk of mental ill-health and social impairment in young adulthood which was especially pronounced for those with persistent emotional problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Tseliou
- Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Cardiff University, Wales, UK
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Wales, UK
| | - L Riglin
- Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Cardiff University, Wales, UK
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Wales, UK
| | - A K Thapar
- Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Cardiff University, Wales, UK
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Wales, UK
| | - J Heron
- Centre for Academic Mental Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, UK
| | - C A Dennison
- Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Cardiff University, Wales, UK
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Wales, UK
| | - J M Armitage
- Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Cardiff University, Wales, UK
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Wales, UK
| | - A Thapar
- Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Cardiff University, Wales, UK
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Wales, UK
| | - F Rice
- Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Cardiff University, Wales, UK
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Wales, UK
| | - S Collishaw
- Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Cardiff University, Wales, UK
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Wales, UK
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21
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Trollebø MA, Tangvik RJ, Skeie E, Grønning MK, Nygård O, Eagan TML, Dierkes J. Malnutrition as a prognostic factor for 2-year mortality in hospitalized patients in Norway: A matched cohort study. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2024. [PMID: 38477359 DOI: 10.1002/jpen.2619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Risk of malnutrition and malnutrition have been previously associated with increased risk of mortality. It remains unclear, however, whether the severity of malnutrition differentiates in association with all-cause mortality. The aim was to assess the association between being at risk of malnutrition or being diagnosed with malnutrition according to the diagnostic assessment of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) with all-cause mortality during a 2-year follow-up in hospitalized patients. METHODS A matched cohort study was conducted in hospitalized patients (excluding cancer, intensive care, and transmissible infections) at a university hospital in Bergen, Norway. All patients underwent nutrition screening with the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 and a further nutrition assessment using the GLIM criteria. All-cause mortality was estimated from the Norwegian death registry after 2 years, and risk factors were calculated by Cox regression analysis. RESULTS Among 326 patients included, 55 patients died within 2 years (17% mortality rate). Risk of malnutrition was associated with increased all-cause mortality, which disappeared after adjustment for age and sex. Malnutrition was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality at 2 years also after adjustment for age and sex and, additionally, for further comorbidities (hazard ratio = 2.50; 95% CI, 1.41-4.42). When analyzed separately only severe malnutrition was associated with mortality (hazard ratio = 2.73; 95% CI, 1.44-5.15). CONCLUSION The findings highlight a strong association between inpatients with severe malnutrition, defined by the GLIM criteria, and an increased risk of all-cause mortality within a 2-year follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marte A Trollebø
- Centre for Nutrition and Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Randi J Tangvik
- Centre for Nutrition and Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eli Skeie
- Department of Research and Development, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Martin K Grønning
- Centre for Nutrition and Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ottar Nygård
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tomas M L Eagan
- Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jutta Dierkes
- Centre for Nutrition and Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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22
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Hailemeskel E, Tebeje SK, Ramjith J, Ashine T, Lanke K, Behaksra SW, Emiru T, Tsegaye T, Gashaw A, Kedir S, Chali W, Esayas E, Tafesse T, Abera H, Bulto MG, Shumie G, Petros B, Mamo H, Drakeley C, Gadisa E, Bousema T, Tadesse FG. Dynamics of asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax infections and their infectiousness to mosquitoes in a low transmission setting of Ethiopia: a longitudinal observational study. Int J Infect Dis 2024:107010. [PMID: 38490637 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A 15-month longitudinal study was conducted to determine the duration and infectivity of asymptomatic qPCR-detected P. falciparum and P. vivax infections in Ethiopia. METHOD Total parasite and gametocyte kinetics were determined by molecular methods; infectivity to Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes by repeated membrane feeding assays. Infectivity results were contrasted with passively recruited symptomatic malaria cases. RESULTS For P. falciparum and P. vivax infections detected at enrolment, median durations of infection were 37 days (95% confidence interval [CI], 15-93) and 60 days (95% CI, 18-213), respectively. P. falciparum and P. vivax parasite densities declined over the course of infections. From 47 feeding assays on 22 asymptomatic P. falciparum infections, 6.4% (3/47) were infectious and these infected 1.8% (29/1579) of mosquitoes. No transmission was observed in feeding assays on asymptomatic P. vivax mono-infections (0/56); one mixed-species infection was highly infectious. Among the symptomatic cases, 4.3% (2/47) of P. falciparum and 73.3% (53/86) of P. vivax patients were infectious to mosquitoes. CONCLUSION The majority of asymptomatic infections were of short duration and low parasite density. Only a minority of asymptomatic individuals were infectious to mosquitoes. This contrasts with earlier findings and is plausibly due to the low parasite densities in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elifaged Hailemeskel
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Wollo university, Dessie, Ethiopia; Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Surafel K Tebeje
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jordache Ramjith
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Kjerstin Lanke
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Tadele Emiru
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tizita Tsegaye
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Abrham Gashaw
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Soria Kedir
- Adama Regional Laboratory, Oromia Region Health Bureau, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Wakweya Chali
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | | | - Haile Abera
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Girma Shumie
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Beyene Petros
- Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Hassen Mamo
- Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Chris Drakeley
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Teun Bousema
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Fitsum G Tadesse
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
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23
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Chen Y, Christensen Pacella KA, Forbush KT, Thomeczek ML, Negi S, Doan AE, Wendler AM, Morgan RW, Rasheed SI, Johnson-Munguia S, Sharma AR. Examining associations between disordered eating and harmful substance use in a nationally representative sample of US veterans. Int J Eat Disord 2024. [PMID: 38469980 DOI: 10.1002/eat.24194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The association between eating disorders (EDs) and harmful substance use (substance use that causes psychosocial impairment) is well recognized in the literature, and military veterans may be at heightened risk for both issues due to deployment-related stressors. However, little is known about which ED-related symptoms are associated with harmful substance use in veterans, and whether gender plays a differential role in this relationship. Our aims were to: (1) examine gender differences in ED-related symptoms; and (2) examine whether ED-related symptoms differentially predict harmful substance use in US veteran men and women who had recently separated from service. METHOD This study was based on a nationally representative four-wave longitudinal sample of post-9/11 veterans (N = 835; 61.2% female). Longitudinal mixed modeling was used to test whether specific ED-related behaviors at baseline predicted harmful substance use at follow-ups. RESULTS We replicated gendered patterns of ED-related symptoms observed in civilian populations, wherein men had higher weight-and-body-related concerns (including excessive exercise and muscle building) and negative attitude toward obesity, and women had higher bulimic and restricting symptoms. For women, alcohol, drug, and marijuana problems were predicted by higher bulimic symptoms, whereas for men, these problems were predicted by higher restricting symptoms. CONCLUSION Gender played a differential role in the relationship between EDs and harmful substance use. Bulimic symptoms were the most robust predictor for harmful substance use among veteran women, whereas restricting was the most robust predictor for harmful substance use among veteran men. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE The current study found that veteran women had higher bulimic symptoms (characterized by binge eating and purging) and restricting than veteran men. In women, bulimic symptoms predicted future harmful use of alcohol, marijuana, and other drugs. In contrast, veteran men had higher weight-and-body-related concerns (characterized by excessive exercise and muscle building) than veteran women. In men, restricting symptoms predicted future harmful use of alcohol, marijuana, and other drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Chen
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | | | - Kelsie T Forbush
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | | | - Sonakshi Negi
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Alesha E Doan
- Department of Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
- School of Public Affairs and Administration, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | | | - R William Morgan
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Samiya I Rasheed
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | | | - Anjali R Sharma
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
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24
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Wei M, Adler-Baeder F, McGill JM, Novak JR. Healthy couple, better sleep: Exploring connections and changes in couple relationship education participants. Fam Process 2024. [PMID: 38459791 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Considerable evidence suggests couple relationship education (CRE) programs are effective in improving couples' relationship functioning, yet few studies have examined the implications of CRE programs on indicators of physical health despite substantial research supporting links between relational and physical health. This study utilized a sample of 308 couples randomly assigned to a CRE curriculum to explore the dyadic links between conflict management and self-care skills (emphasized in CRE), stress, and sleep dysfunction concurrently. We prospectively tested whether changes in skills drove changes in sleep dysfunction or vice versa, for both self and partner. Results from a series of structural equation models indicated indirect links for men and women between conflict management and self-care skills and sleep dysfunction through lower stress level at program start. Dyadically, men's and women's better conflict management skills were associated with partners' lower stress, which was in turn associated with partners' lower sleep dysfunction. Men's better self-care skills were linked with partners' lower stress levels, which were linked with partners' lower sleep dysfunction. Tests of dyadic prospective cross-lagged effects among changes in sleep and changes in skills indicated that initial improvements in both partners' sleep predicted improvements in their own conflict management skills 1 year later. Initial improvements in women's conflict management skills predicted reduced sleep dysfunction for themselves. Additionally, for both partners, early changes in self-care predicted later reductions in sleep dysfunction. Dyadically, immediate improvements in men's self-care predicted reduced sleep dysfunction for their partner a year later. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglin Wei
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Francesca Adler-Baeder
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Julianne M McGill
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Josh R Novak
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
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Prasad M, Goodman D, Xu J, Gutta S, Zubieta D, Alluri S, Siegel NH, Peeler CE, Lee HJ, Cabral HJ, Subramanian ML. Long-Term Satisfaction of Oral Sedation versus Standard-of-Care Intravenous Sedation for Ocular Surgery. Clin Ophthalmol 2024; 18:735-742. [PMID: 38476357 PMCID: PMC10929550 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s444999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Long-term patient satisfaction may influence patients' perspectives of the quality of care and their relationship with their providers. This is a follow up to a comparative effectiveness study investigating oral to intravenous sedation (OIV study). The OIV study found that oral sedation was noninferior in patient satisfaction to standard intravenous (IV) sedation for anterior segment and vitreoretinal surgeries. This study aims to determine if patient satisfaction with oral sedation remained noninferior long term. Patients and Methods Patients were re-interviewed using the same satisfaction survey given during the OIV study. Statistical analysis involved t-tests for noninferiority of the long-term mean satisfaction score of oral and IV sedation. We also compared the original mean satisfaction score and the follow-up mean satisfaction score for each type of sedation and for both groups combined. Results Participants were interviewed at a median of 1225.5 days (range 754-1675 days) from their surgery. The original mean satisfaction score was 5.26 ± 0.79 for the oral treatment group (n = 52) and 5.27 ± 0.64 for the intravenous treatment group (n = 46), demonstrating noninferiority with a difference in mean satisfaction score of 0.015 (p < 0.0001). The follow-up mean satisfaction score was 5.23 ± 0.90 for oral sedation and 5.60 ± 0.61 for IV sedation, with a difference in the mean satisfaction score of 0.371 (p = 0.2071). Satisfaction scores did not differ between the original mean satisfaction score and the follow-up mean satisfaction score for the oral treatment group alone (p = 0.8367), but scores in the intravenous treatment group increased longitudinally (p = 0.0004). Conclusion In this study, long-term patient satisfaction with oral sedation was not noninferior to satisfaction with IV sedation, unlike our findings with short-term patient satisfaction in our original study. Patient satisfaction also remained unchanged over time for the oral treatment group, but patients in the intravenous treatment group reported higher long-term satisfaction with their anesthesia experience compared to the immediate post-operative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minali Prasad
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deniz Goodman
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jia Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sanhit Gutta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniella Zubieta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Nicole H Siegel
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Crandall E Peeler
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hyunjoo J Lee
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Howard J Cabral
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Manju L Subramanian
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
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26
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Jankowski PJ, Sandage SJ, Wang DC, Zyphur MJ, Crabtree SA, Choe EJ. Longitudinal processes among humility, social justice activism, transcendence, and well-being. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1332640. [PMID: 38524294 PMCID: PMC10959100 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1332640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Existing research shows positive associations between humility and well-being, and between civic engagement and well-being. Rarely have humility, civic engagement, and well-being been examined together. We build off of previous cross-sectional findings and a prior longitudinal study that used three waves of data and found significant positive bivariate correlations between humility and the presence of life purpose across time points. Methods Extending these previous findings, we used six waves of data obtained from graduate students at 18 seminaries across North America (N = 574; Mage = 31.54; 46.7% female; 65.3% White) to explore the dynamic associations among humility and life purpose, along with horizontal transcendence (an indicator of the attitudinal dimension of civic engagement) and social justice activism (an indicator for the behavioral dimension). We explored reciprocal short-run processes and dynamic long-run effects using a general cross-lagged panel model. Results and discussion We found robust evidence for a reciprocal influence between the presence of life purpose and horizontal transcendence, and long-run effects for initial levels of life purpose to influence later levels of horizontal transcendence. We also found long-run effects for the influence of initial levels of life purpose on later levels of humility, and initial levels of social justice activism on later levels of horizontal transcendence. Implications center on the use of the findings for planning future one-time life purpose and social justice interventions to affect changes in humility and horizontal transcendence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Jankowski
- Albert & Jessie Danielsen Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
- Marriage and Family Therapy Program, Bethel University, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Steven J. Sandage
- Albert & Jessie Danielsen Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - David C. Wang
- Fuller Theological Seminary, Pasadena, CA, United States
| | - Michael J. Zyphur
- UQ Business School, Faculty of Business, Economics, & Law, University of Queensland, St. Lucia-Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sarah A. Crabtree
- Albert & Jessie Danielsen Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Elise J. Choe
- Albert & Jessie Danielsen Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
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27
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Hu YH, Seo DC, Huber L, Shih PC, Lin HC. Chronic Non-cancer Pain and Associated Risks of Incident Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias in Middle-Aged and Older Adults. J Appl Gerontol 2024:7334648241237340. [PMID: 38451267 DOI: 10.1177/07334648241237340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study is to investigate the association between chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI)/Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRDs) development among adults aged ≥50 using administrative claims data from a national commercial health insurance company during 2007-2017. To reduce selection bias, propensity-score matching was applied to select comparable CNCP and non-CNCP patients. Time-dependent Cox proportional-hazards regressions were conducted to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) of incident MCI/ADRDs. Of 170,900 patients with/without CNCP, 0.61% developed MCI and 2.33% had been diagnosed with ADRDs during the follow-up period. Controlling for potential confounders, CNCP patients had a 123% increase in MCI risk (HR = 2.23; 95% CI = 1.92-2.58) and a 44% increase in ADRDs risk (HR = 1.44; 95% CI = 1.34-1.54) relative to non-CNCP patients. CNCP is a risk factor for MCI/ADRDs. Promoting awareness and improving early CNCP diagnosis in middle-aged and older adults should be incorporated into cognitive impairment and dementia prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Han Hu
- Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | | | - Lesa Huber
- Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
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Vasquez M, Daspe MÈ, Bőthe B, Brassard A, Lussier Y, Vaillancourt-Morel MP. Associations Between Pornography Use Frequency and Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration Among Young Adult Couples: A 2-Year Longitudinal Study. J Interpers Violence 2024:8862605241234656. [PMID: 38454619 DOI: 10.1177/08862605241234656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Pornography use is a common sexual activity for many individuals including those in a romantic relationship. Some studies have shown that violent content depicted in pornography is a risk factor for perpetration of violence in real life. Even if most of these studies examined perpetration of violent behaviors in general, not specifically toward the intimate partner, some studies have shown that pornography use frequency is related to a greater perpetration of intimate partner violence (IPV), while other studies have found that it is not significantly related. However, most previous studies were cross-sectional, sampled individuals rather than couples, and did not include separately forms of IPV (e.g., physical, psychological, and sexual). The present study examined the associations between pornography use frequency and the perpetration of physical and psychological IPV, and sexual coercion among young adult couples. A convenience sample of 113 couples aged between 16 and 29 years old completed self-reported online questionnaires two times over a 2-year period. The results of autoregressive cross-lagged models showed that a person's pornography use frequency at Time 1 was related to their own higher sexual coercion perpetration 2 years later and that a person's sexual coercion perpetration was related to their partner's lower pornography use frequency 2 years later. However, no significant association between pornography use frequency and physical and psychological IPV emerged. In line with previous studies, our results suggest that pornography use represents an important risk factor for the perpetration of sexual coercion. Findings support the need to include education around pornography use in sexual violence prevention programs to avoid that young adults reproduce pornographic scripts in their sexuality.
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Filis P, Tzavellas NP, Stagikas D, Zachariou C, Lekkas P, Kosmas D, Dounousi E, Sarmas I, Ntzani E, Mauri D, Korompilias A, Simos YV, Tsamis KI, Peschos D. Longitudinal Muscle Biopsies Reveal Inter- and Intra-Subject Variability in Cancer Cachexia: Paving the Way for Biopsy-Guided Tailored Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1075. [PMID: 38473431 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16051075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In the rapidly evolving landscape of cancer cachexia research, the development and refinement of diagnostic and predictive biomarkers constitute an ongoing challenge. This study aims to introduce longitudinal muscle biopsies as a potential framework for disease monitoring and treatment. The initial feasibility and safety assessment was performed for healthy mice and rats that received two consecutive muscle biopsies. The assessment was performed by utilizing three different tools. Subsequently, the protocol was also applied in leiomyosarcoma tumor-bearing rats. Longitudinal muscle biopsies proved to be a safe and feasible technique, especially in rat models. The application of this protocol to tumor-bearing rats further affirmed its tolerability and feasibility, while microscopic evaluation of the biopsies demonstrated varying levels of muscle atrophy with or without leukocyte infiltration. In this tumor model, sequential muscle biopsies confirmed the variability of the cancer cachexia evolution among subjects and at different time-points. Despite the abundance of promising cancer cachexia data during the past decade, the full potential of muscle biopsies is not being leveraged. Sequential muscle biopsies throughout the disease course represent a feasible and safe tool that can be utilized to guide precision treatment and monitor the response in cancer cachexia research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Filis
- Department of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Nikolaos P Tzavellas
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Stagikas
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Christianna Zachariou
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Lekkas
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Kosmas
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Evangelia Dounousi
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ioannis Sarmas
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Evangelia Ntzani
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Department of Health Services, Policy and Practice, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Davide Mauri
- Department of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Anastasios Korompilias
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Yannis V Simos
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Konstantinos I Tsamis
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Peschos
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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Pacella BJ, Cowlishaw S, Gibbs L, Bryant RA, Brady K, Gallagher C, Molyneaux R, Gibson K, Block K, Harms L, Forbes D, O'Donnell ML. Trajectory of adjustment difficulties following disaster: 10-year longitudinal cohort study. BJPsych Open 2024; 10:e57. [PMID: 38433588 PMCID: PMC10951843 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2024.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although much is known about psychopathology such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression following bushfire (also known as wildfire), little is known about prevalence, trajectory and impacts for those experiencing general adjustment difficulties following exposure to these now-common events. AIMS This was an exploratory analysis of a large cohort study that examined the prevalence, trajectory and risk factors of probable adjustment disorder over a 10-year period following bushfire exposure. METHOD The Beyond Bushfires study assessed individuals exposed to a large and deadly bushfire across three time points spanning 10 years. Self-report survey data from participants from areas with moderate and high levels of fire-affectedness were analysed: n = 802 participants at Wave 1 (3-4 years post-fires), n = 596 at Wave 2 (5 years post-fires) and n = 436 at Wave 3 (10 years post-fires). Surveys indexed fire-related experiences and post-fire stressors, and comprised the six-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (probable adjustment disorder index), four-item Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (probable fire-related PTSD) and nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (probable major depressive episode). RESULTS Prevalence of probable adjustment disorder was 16% (Wave 1), 15% (Wave 2) and 19% (Wave 3). Probable adjustment disorder at 3-4 years post-fires predicted a five-fold increase in risk for escalating to severe psychiatric disorder (i.e. probable fire-related PTSD/major depressive episode) at 10 years post-fires, and was associated with post-fire income and relationship stressors. CONCLUSIONS Adjustment difficulties are prevalent post-disaster, many of which are maintained and exacerbated over time, resulting in increased risk for later disorder and adaptation difficulties. Psychosocial interventions supporting survivors with adjustment difficulties may prevent progression to more severe disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda J. Pacella
- Phoenix Australia, Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sean Cowlishaw
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lisa Gibbs
- Child and Community Wellbeing Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Richard A. Bryant
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kate Brady
- Child and Community Wellbeing Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Colin Gallagher
- Centre for Transformative Innovation, Faculty of Business and Law, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robyn Molyneaux
- Child and Community Wellbeing Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kari Gibson
- Phoenix Australia, Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Karen Block
- Child and Community Wellbeing Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Louise Harms
- Department of Social Work, Melbourne School of Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David Forbes
- Phoenix Australia, Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Meaghan L. O'Donnell
- Phoenix Australia, Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Busseri MA. Evaluating the Structure of Subjective Well-Being: Evidence From Three Large-Scale, Long-Term, National Longitudinal Studies. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 2024:1461672241233433. [PMID: 38439615 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241233433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
To inform the tripartite structure of subjective well-being (SWB), national longitudinal studies from the United States, Germany, and Australia were used to estimate random-intercept cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPM) in which between- and within-individual variation in life satisfaction (LS), positive affect (PA), and negative affect (NA) was examined over periods of up to two decades. The RI-CLPMs incorporated a hierarchical conceptualization in which LS, PA, and NA are indicators of a latent SWB factor and a causal systems conceptualization in which PA and NA are inputs to LS. Results from all three samples indicated substantial loadings from LS, PA, and NA on latent SWB factors between and within individuals. Cross-lagged effects were observed among all three SWB components, rather than unidirectional from PA and NA to LS. The present findings provide valuable new insights concerning the tripartite structure of SWB between and within individuals over extended periods of time.
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Semaan K, Frech A, Tumin D. Reciprocal Association Between Chronic Pain and Health Insurance Type in a Population-based Longitudinal Cohort Study. J Pain 2024:S1526-5900(24)00393-6. [PMID: 38442837 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2024.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Chronic pain is a widespread condition limiting adults' daily activities and labor force participation. In the United States, withdrawal from the workforce could be associated with loss of health insurance coverage, while lack of health insurance coverage can limit access to diagnosis and management of chronic health conditions. We used a longitudinal cohort study of middle-aged adults to investigate whether chronic pain is reciprocally associated with coverage by any insurance and type of insurance coverage over a 2-year period (2018 and 2020). Among 5,137 participants (median age of 57 years in 2018), 29% reported chronic pain in either year, while 9 to 10% were uninsured each year. Using multivariable cross-lagged logistic regression analysis, chronic pain in 2018 was not associated with having any insurance coverage in 2020, and lack of coverage in 2018 was not associated with chronic pain in 2020. In further analysis, we determined that public coverage, other (non-private) coverage, or no coverage in 2018 were associated with an increased risk of chronic pain in 2020; while chronic pain in 2018 increased the risk of coverage by public rather than private insurance 2 years later, as well as the risk of coverage by other (non-private) payors. The reciprocal association of non-private insurance coverage and chronic pain may be related to insufficient access to chronic pain treatment among publicly insured adults, or qualification for public insurance based on disability among adults with chronic pain. These results demonstrate that accounting for the type of health insurance coverage is critical when predicting chronic pain in US populations. PERSPECTIVE: In a longitudinal cohort study of middle-aged US adults, the use of public and other non-private insurance predicts future experience of chronic pain, while past experience of chronic pain predicts future use of public and other non-private insurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Semaan
- Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina.
| | - Adrianne Frech
- Department of Social Medicine, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Dmitry Tumin
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Academic Affairs, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
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Saarinen A, Marttila S, Mishra PP, Lyytikäinen LP, Raitoharju E, Mononen N, Sormunen E, Kähönen M, Raitakari O, Hietala J, Keltikangas-Järvinen L, Lehtimäki T. Polygenic risk for schizophrenia, social dispositions, and pace of epigenetic aging: Results from the Young Finns Study. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14052. [PMID: 38031635 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is often regarded as a disorder of premature aging. We investigated (a) whether polygenic risk for schizophrenia (PRSsch ) relates to pace of epigenetic aging and (b) whether personal dispositions toward active and emotionally close relationships protect against accelerated epigenetic aging in individuals with high PRSsch . The sample came from the population-based Young Finns Study (n = 1348). Epigenetic aging was measured with DNA methylation aging algorithms such as AgeAccelHannum , EEAAHannum , IEAAHannum , IEAAHorvath , AgeAccelHorvath , AgeAccelPheno , AgeAccelGrim , and DunedinPACE. A PRSsch was calculated using summary statistics from the most comprehensive genome-wide association study of schizophrenia to date. Social dispositions were assessed in terms of extraversion, sociability, reward dependence, cooperativeness, and attachment security. We found that PRSsch did not have a statistically significant effect on any studied indicator of epigenetic aging. Instead, PRSsch had a significant interaction with reward dependence (p = 0.001-0.004), cooperation (p = 0.009-0.020), extraversion (p = 0.019-0.041), sociability (p = 0.003-0.016), and attachment security (p = 0.007-0.014) in predicting AgeAccelHannum , EEAAHannum , or IEAAHannum . Specifically, participants with high PRSsch appeared to display accelerated epigenetic aging at higher (vs. lower) levels of extraversion, sociability, attachment security, reward dependence, and cooperativeness. A rather opposite pattern was evident for those with low PRSsch . No such interactions were evident when predicting the other indicators of epigenetic aging. In conclusion, against our hypothesis, frequent social interactions may relate to accelerated epigenetic aging in individuals at risk for psychosis. We speculate that this may be explained by social-cognitive impairments (perceiving social situations as overwhelming or excessively arousing) or ending up in less supportive or deviant social groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aino Saarinen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Central Hospital, Adolescent Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saara Marttila
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pashupati P Mishra
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Emma Raitoharju
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nina Mononen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Finland
- Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Elina Sormunen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jarmo Hietala
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Finland
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Kochhar SS, Mishra AK, Chadda RK, Sood M, Bhargava R. Changes in Psychosocial Variables Among Caregivers of Patients With Schizophrenia: A Short-Term Follow-Up Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e55887. [PMID: 38463408 PMCID: PMC10924957 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Caring for a person with schizophrenia entails considerable effort. The caregiving experience while caring for a person with schizophrenia has been described as both stressful and enriching. The literature on changes in caregiving experience with time has been fairly limited. The present analysis looks at the change in the caregiving experience of caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. METHOD This study had a sample of 50 caregivers of patients with schizophrenia who were followed up after a period of 6 to 10 months. Caregiving experience, knowledge of the mental illness, family functioning, coping, social support, psychological distress, quality of life, and spiritual, religious, and personal beliefs were assessed at the two time points. RESULTS Among the negative caregiving experiences, caregivers' need for back-up and patient dependency reduced significantly at follow-up as compared to baseline, though total negative or positive experiences of caregiving did not show a significant difference. Knowledge about mental illness did not significantly increase at follow-up, though issues related to poor communication and affective involvement in family functioning reduced over the period of time. Coping and social support remained largely the same, while psychological distress was reduced. All domains of quality of life improved over the follow-up period, while the hope, optimism, and inner peace aspects of spiritual, religious, and personal beliefs improved with time. CONCLUSION Some aspects of caregiving experiences may change with time. As caregivers become more adjusted to caregiving roles, their distress may reduce, and their quality of life may improve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanimar S Kochhar
- Clinical Psychology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, New Delhi, IND
| | - Ashwani K Mishra
- Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, New Delhi, IND
| | | | - Mamta Sood
- Psychiatry, AIl India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, New Delhi, IND
| | - Rachna Bhargava
- Clinical Psychology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, New Delhi, IND
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Sanchez E, Wilkinson T, Coughlan G, Mirza S, Baril AA, Ramirez J, Binns MA, Black SE, Borrie M, Dilliott AA, Dixon RA, Dowlatshahi D, Farhan S, Finger E, Fischer CE, Frank A, Freedman M, Goncalves RA, Grimes DA, Hassan A, Hegele RA, Kumar S, Lang AE, Marras C, McLaughlin PM, Orange JB, Pasternak SH, Pollock BG, Rajji TK, Roberts AC, Robinson JF, Rogaeva E, Sahlas DJ, Saposnik G, Strong MJ, Swartz RH, Tang-Wai DF, Tartaglia MC, Troyer AK, Kvartsberg H, Zetterberg H, Munoz DP, Masellis M. Association of plasma biomarkers with cognition, cognitive decline, and daily function across and within neurodegenerative diseases: Results from the Ontario Neurodegenerative Disease Research Initiative. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:1753-1770. [PMID: 38105605 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated whether novel plasma biomarkers are associated with cognition, cognitive decline, and functional independence in activities of daily living across and within neurodegenerative diseases. METHODS Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light chain (NfL), phosphorylated tau (p-tau)181 and amyloid beta (Aβ)42/40 were measured using ultra-sensitive Simoa immunoassays in 44 healthy controls and 480 participants diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease/mild cognitive impairment (AD/MCI), Parkinson's disease (PD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD) spectrum disorders, or cerebrovascular disease (CVD). RESULTS GFAP, NfL, and/or p-tau181 were elevated among all diseases compared to controls, and were broadly associated with worse baseline cognitive performance, greater cognitive decline, and/or lower functional independence. While GFAP, NfL, and p-tau181 were highly predictive across diseases, p-tau181 was more specific to the AD/MCI cohort. Sparse associations were found in the FTD and CVD cohorts and for Aβ42/40 . DISCUSSION GFAP, NfL, and p-tau181 are valuable predictors of cognition and function across common neurodegenerative diseases, and may be useful in specialized clinics and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erlan Sanchez
- L.C. Campbell Cognitive Neurology Research Unit, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tim Wilkinson
- L.C. Campbell Cognitive Neurology Research Unit, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gillian Coughlan
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Saira Mirza
- L.C. Campbell Cognitive Neurology Research Unit, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrée-Ann Baril
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Joel Ramirez
- Dr. Sandra Black Centre for Brain Resilience & Recovery, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Malcolm A Binns
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandra E Black
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dr. Sandra Black Centre for Brain Resilience & Recovery, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Borrie
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Allison A Dilliott
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Roger A Dixon
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Dar Dowlatshahi
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sali Farhan
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Finger
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Corinne E Fischer
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew Frank
- Bruyere Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Morris Freedman
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Mt. Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - David A Grimes
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ayman Hassan
- Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert A Hegele
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony E Lang
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Connie Marras
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paula M McLaughlin
- Nova Scotia Health, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Joseph B Orange
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Activity and Aging, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen H Pasternak
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Parkwood Institute, St. Joseph's Health Care Centre, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bruce G Pollock
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tarek K Rajji
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Angela C Roberts
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Activity and Aging, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - John F Robinson
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ekaterina Rogaeva
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Gustavo Saposnik
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Stroke Outcomes and Decision Neuroscience Unit, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael J Strong
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Institutes for Health Research, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard H Swartz
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David F Tang-Wai
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Krembil Brain Institute Memory Clinic, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria Carmela Tartaglia
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Krembil Brain Institute Memory Clinic, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Angela K Troyer
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Neuropsychology and Cognitive Health, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hlin Kvartsberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Dementia Research Institute, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Douglas P Munoz
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mario Masellis
- L.C. Campbell Cognitive Neurology Research Unit, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Mwangi M, Molenberghs G, Njagi EN, Mwalili S, Braekers R, Florez AJ, Gachau S, Bukania ZN, Verbeke G. Pairwise fitting of piecewise mixed models for the joint modeling of multivariate longitudinal outcomes, in a randomized crossover trial. Biom J 2024; 66:e2200333. [PMID: 38499515 DOI: 10.1002/bimj.202200333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Many statistical models have been proposed in the literature for the analysis of longitudinal data. One may propose to model two or more correlated longitudinal processes simultaneously, with a goal of understanding their association over time. Joint modeling is then required to carefully study the association structure among the outcomes as well as drawing joint inferences about the different outcomes. In this study, we sought to model the associations among six nutrition outcomes while circumventing the computational challenge posed by their clustered and high-dimensional nature. We analyzed data from a 2 × $\times$ 2 randomized crossover trial conducted in Kenya, to compare the effect of high-dose and low-dose iodine in household salt on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in women of reproductive age and their household matching pair of school-aged children. Two additional outcomes, namely, urinary iodine concentration (UIC) in women and children were measured repeatedly to monitor the amount of iodine excreted through urine. We extended the model proposed by Mwangi et al. (2021, Communications in Statistics: Case Studies, Data Analysis and Applications, 7(3), 413-431) allowing flexible piecewise joint models for six outcomes to depend on separate random effects, which are themselves correlated. This entailed fitting 15 bivariate general linear mixed models and deriving inference for the joint model using pseudo-likelihood theory. We analyzed the outcomes separately and jointly using piecewise linear mixed-effects (PLME) model and further validated the results using current state-of-the-art Jones and Kenward methodology (JKME model) used for analyzing randomized crossover trials. The results indicate that high-dose iodine in salt significantly reduced blood pressure (BP) compared to low-dose iodine in salt. Estimates for the random effects and residual error components showed that SBP and DBP had strong positive correlation, with effect of the random slope indicating that significantly related outcomes are strongly associated in their evolution. There was a moderately strong inverse relationship between evolutions of UIC and BP both in women and children. These findings confirmed the original hypothesis that high-dose iodine salt has significant lowering effect on BP. We further sought to evaluate the performance of our proposed PLME model against the widely used JKME model, within the multivariate joint modeling framework through a simulation study mimicking a2 × 2 $2\times 2$ crossover design. From our findings, the multivariate joint PLME model performed exceptionally well both in estimation of random-effects matrix (G) and Hessian matrix (H), allowing satisfactory model convergence during estimation. It allowed a more complex fit to the data with both random intercepts and slopes effects compared to the multivariate joint JKME model that allowed for random intercepts only. When a hierarchical viewpoint is adopted, in the sense that outcomes are specified conditionally upon random effects, the variance-covariance matrix of the random effects must be positive definite. In some cases, additional random effects could explain much variability in the data, thus improving precision in estimation of the estimands (effect size) parameters. The key highlight in this evaluation shows that multivariate joint JKME model is a powerful tool especially while fitting mixed models with random intercepts only, in crossover design settings. Addition of random slopes may lead to model complexities in most cases, resulting in unsatisfactory model convergence during estimation. To circumvent convergence pitfalls, extention of JKME model to PLME model allows a more flexible fit to the data (generated from crossover design settings), especially in the multivariate joint modeling framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moses Mwangi
- I-BioStat, Universiteit Hasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Center for Public Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Geert Molenberghs
- I-BioStat, Universiteit Hasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- L-BioStat, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Edmund Njeru Njagi
- Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Samuel Mwalili
- Statistics and Actuarial Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture & Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Roel Braekers
- I-BioStat, Universiteit Hasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Alvaro Jose Florez
- School of Statistics, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
- Data Science Institute, I-BioStat, Universiteit Hasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Susan Gachau
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Zipporah N Bukania
- Center for Public Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Geert Verbeke
- I-BioStat, Universiteit Hasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- L-BioStat, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Peristeri E, Andreou M. Intellectual development in young children with autism spectrum disorders: A longitudinal study. Autism Res 2024; 17:543-554. [PMID: 38183366 DOI: 10.1002/aur.3089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Intelligence profiles in autism have been characterized by great variability. The questions of how autistic children's intelligence changes over time, and what factors influence these changes deserve study as part of efforts to document child autism profiles, but also because the relationship between intellectual functioning and children's background characteristics is poorly understood, particularly in a longitudinal context. A total of 39 autistic children and 39 age-matched neurotypical children (5-9 years old) completed two IQ assessments at preschool age and up to 4 years later. Repeated-measures analyses assessed longitudinal changes in the children's verbal (VIQ), performance (PIQ), and full-scale IQ (FSIQ) at group level. We further sought to identify clusters with distinct profiles in each group by adopting an unsupervised K-means clustering approach, and detect possible between-subgroup differences in terms of children's socioeconomic status and autism severity. The largest cluster in the autistic group was composed of children whose PIQ significantly dropped at follow-up, while the second largest cluster improved in all quotients; the smallest cluster, wherein children had more highly educated mothers than the rest of the clusters, was characterized by large improvement in VIQ. For the neurotypical children, there was a two-cluster division; the majority of them improved in the three quotients, while very few dropped in PIQ at follow-up. The relation between socioeconomic status and IQ changes was significant for both groups. The findings demonstrate both the complexity of intelligence changes in autism and the need to view this complexity through the lens of the children's socioeconomic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Peristeri
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, School of English, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Andreou
- Department of Speech and Language Therapy, University of Peloponnese, Kalamata, Greece
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Thomas GEC, Hannaway N, Zarkali A, Shmueli K, Weil RS. Longitudinal Associations of Magnetic Susceptibility with Clinical Severity in Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord 2024; 39:546-559. [PMID: 38173297 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dementia is common in Parkinson's disease (PD), but there is wide variation in its timing. A critical gap in PD research is the lack of quantifiable markers of progression, and methods to identify early stages of dementia. Atrophy-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has limited sensitivity in detecting or tracking changes relating to PD dementia, but quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), sensitive to brain tissue iron, shows potential for these purposes. OBJECTIVE The objective of the paper is to study, for the first time, the longitudinal relationship between cognition and QSM in PD in detail. METHODS We present a longitudinal study of clinical severity in PD using QSM, including 59 PD patients (without dementia at study onset), and 22 controls over 3 years. RESULTS In PD, increased baseline susceptibility in the right temporal cortex, nucleus basalis of Meynert, and putamen was associated with greater cognitive severity after 3 years; and increased baseline susceptibility in basal ganglia, substantia nigra, red nucleus, insular cortex, and dentate nucleus was associated with greater motor severity after 3 years. Increased follow-up susceptibility in these regions was associated with increased follow-up cognitive and motor severity, with further involvement of hippocampus relating to cognitive severity. However, there were no consistent increases in susceptibility over 3 years. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that QSM may predict changes in cognitive severity many months prior to overt cognitive involvement in PD. However, we did not find robust longitudinal changes in QSM over the course of the study. Additional tissue metrics may be required together with QSM for it to monitor progression in clinical practice and therapeutic trials. © 2024 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naomi Hannaway
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Angelika Zarkali
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Karin Shmueli
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rimona S Weil
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
- Movement Disorders Consortium, University College London, London, UK
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Heleniak C, Goff B, Gabard-Durnam LJ, Telzer EH, Humphreys KL, Lumian DS, Flannery JE, Caldera C, Shapiro M, Louie JY, Shen F, Vannucci A, Jain M, Glatt CE, Tottenham N. Telomere Erosion and Depressive Symptoms Across Development Following Institutional Care. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 63:365-375. [PMID: 37419142 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2023.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A large literature has identified exposure to early caregiving adversities as a potent risk for developing affective psychopathology, with depression, in particular, increasing across childhood into adolescence. Evidence suggests telomere erosion, a marker of biological aging, may underlie associations between adverse early-life experiences and later depressive behavior; yet, little is understood about this association during development. METHOD The current accelerated longitudinal study examined concurrent telomere length and depressive symptoms concurrently, 2 and 4 years later, from the preschool period through adolescence among children exposed (n =116) and not exposed (n = 242) to early previous institutional (PI) care. RESULTS PI care was associated with shorter telomeres on average and with quadratic age-related growth in depressive symptoms, indicating a steeper association between PI care and depressive symptoms in younger age groups that leveled off in adolescence. Contrary to studies in adult samples, telomere length was not associated with depressive symptoms, and it did not predict future symptoms. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that early caregiving disruptions increase the risk for both accelerated biological aging and depressive symptoms, although these variables did not correlate with each other during this age range.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bonnie Goff
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Eva H Telzer
- University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | | | | | | | - Mor Shapiro
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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Godin O, Olié E, Fond G, Aouizerate B, Aubin V, Bellivier F, Belzeaux R, Courtet P, Dubertret C, Haffen E, Lefrere A, Llorca PM, Polosan M, Roux P, Samalin L, Schwan R, Leboyer M, Etain B. Incidence and predictors of metabolic syndrome onset in individuals with bipolar disorders: A longitudinal study from the FACE-BD cohort. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2024; 149:207-218. [PMID: 38268142 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of components including abdominal obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. MetS is highly prevalent in individuals with bipolar disorders (BD) with an estimated global rate of 32.6%. Longitudinal data on incident MetS in BD are scarce and based on small sample size. The objectives of this study were to estimate the incidence of MetS in a large longitudinal cohort of 1521 individuals with BD and to identify clinical and biological predictors of incident MetS. METHODS Participants were recruited from the FondaMental Advanced Center of Expertise for Bipolar Disorder (FACE-BD) cohort and followed-up for 3 years. MetS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Individuals without MetS at baseline but with MetS during follow-up were considered as having incident MetS. A logistic regression model was performed to estimate the adjusted odds ratio and its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) for an association between each factor and incident MetS during follow-up. We applied inverse probability-of-censoring weighting method to minimize selection bias due to loss during follow-up. RESULTS Among individuals without MetS at baseline (n = 1521), 19.3% developed MetS during follow-up. Multivariable analyses showed that incident MetS during follow-up was significantly associated with male sex (OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.7-3.0, p < 0.0001), older age (OR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.40-3.25, p = 0.0004), presence of a mood recurrence during follow-up (OR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.22-3.00, p = 0.0049), prolonged exposure to second-generation antipsychotics (OR = 1.56, 95% CI = 0.99, 2.45, p = 0.0534), smoking status at baseline (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.00-1.68), lifetime alcohol use disorders (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 0.98-1.79), and baseline sleep disturbances (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.00-1.08), independently of the associations observed for baseline MetS components. CONCLUSION We observed a high incidence of MetS during a 3 years follow-up (19.3%) in individuals with BD. Identification of predictive factors should help the development of early interventions to prevent or treat early MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Godin
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- INSERM U955, IMRB, Translational NeuroPsychiatry Laboratory, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - E Olié
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, IGF, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - G Fond
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- AP-HM, Academic Department of Psychiatry, Resistant Depression Expert Center (FondaMental Foundation), CHU La Conception, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - B Aouizerate
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, Pôle de Psychiatrie Générale et Universitaire, Laboratoire NutriNeuro (UMR INRAE 1286), Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - V Aubin
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- Pôle de Psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace, Monaco, France
| | - F Bellivier
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- INSERM UMR-S 1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie OTeN, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Hôpital Fernand Widal, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalo-Universitaire AP-HP Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Paris, France
| | - R Belzeaux
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- University of Montpellier & Department of Psychiatry, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - P Courtet
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, IGF, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - C Dubertret
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- AHPH, Departement de Psychiatrie, Hopital Louis Mourier, Colombes, France
| | - E Haffen
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- UR 481 LINC, Service de Psychiatrie de l'Adulte, CIC-1431 INSERM, CHU de Besançon, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - A Lefrere
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- Pôle de Psychiatrie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France; INT-UMR7289, CNRS Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - P M Llorca
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- Department of Psychiatry, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University of Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut Pascal (UMR 6602), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - M Polosan
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- University of Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - P Roux
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie d'Adulte et d'Addictologie, Le Chesnay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-En-Yvelines, DisAP-DevPsy-CESP, INSERM UMR1018, Villejuif, France
| | - L Samalin
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- Department of Psychiatry, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University of Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut Pascal (UMR 6602), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - R Schwan
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy, Inserm U1254, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - M Leboyer
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- INSERM U955, IMRB, Translational NeuroPsychiatry Laboratory, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Département Médico-Universitaire de Psychiatrie et d'Addictologie (DMUIMPACT), Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire de Médecine de Précision en Psychiatrie (FHU ADAPT), Créteil, France
| | - B Etain
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
- INSERM UMR-S 1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie OTeN, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Hôpital Fernand Widal, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalo-Universitaire AP-HP Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Paris, France
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Rau LM, Humberg C, Könning A, Claus BB, Stahlschmidt L, Wager J. Predictors and concomitants of the remission of frequent headache in pediatrics: A longitudinal community study. Headache 2024; 64:306-316. [PMID: 38440947 DOI: 10.1111/head.14690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine factors associated with frequent headache remission in schoolchildren aged 10-18 years. BACKGROUND Frequent headache is a common health problem in adolescence, and some individuals in this population experience remission. Factors preceding headache remission as opposed to ongoing headache, and their development over time, have not been examined extensively. METHODS Data were derived from a large school sample (N = 2280). Over the course of 1 year, n = 156 adolescents experienced remission from frequent headaches, while n = 125 adolescents continued to have frequent headaches throughout the year. In this longitudinal case-control study, we predicted headache remission using demographic, pain, psychosocial, sleep, and physiological characteristics. Additionally, we sought to explore the development of psychosocial, sleep, and physiological characteristics in relation to remitted versus ongoing headache over the 1-year period. RESULTS A model containing the variables sex (odds ratio [OR] = 0.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.248-0.76, p = 0.003), headache intensity (OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.73-0.99, p = 0.035), anxiety score (OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.85-1.01, p = 0.071), and depression score (OR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.89-1.00, p = 0.041) predicted the outcome variable (remitted vs. non-remitted headache), explaining 17% of the variance in group membership. Schoolchildren reporting remitted headache at the end of the year exhibited lower depression (F[1, 557.01] = 45.77, p < 0.001) and anxiety scores (F[1, 557.01] = 21.72, p < 0.001), higher school satisfaction (F[1, 209.46] = 7.15, p = 0.008), and fewer difficulties falling asleep (F[1, 856.52] = 41.21, p < 0.001) or sleeping through the night (F[1, 731.12] = 26.42, p < 0.001) throughout the year compared to those with non-remitted headache. Depression scores declined significantly over the year in the group with remitted headache, whereas these scores remained constant in the group with non-remitted headache. CONCLUSION Our results suggest a correlation between headache remission and male sex, improved mental health, and reduced pain-related burden. Moreover, there was an observed decline in symptoms of depression during headache remission. Psychotherapy may be a promising treatment strategy for addressing frequent headaches reported by children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa-Marie Rau
- German Paediatric Pain Centre, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Datteln, Germany
- Department of Children's Pain Therapy and Paediatric Palliative Care, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Clarissa Humberg
- German Paediatric Pain Centre, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Datteln, Germany
- Department of Children's Pain Therapy and Paediatric Palliative Care, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Anna Könning
- German Paediatric Pain Centre, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Datteln, Germany
- Department of Children's Pain Therapy and Paediatric Palliative Care, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Benedikt B Claus
- German Paediatric Pain Centre, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Datteln, Germany
- Department of Children's Pain Therapy and Paediatric Palliative Care, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Lorin Stahlschmidt
- German Paediatric Pain Centre, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Datteln, Germany
- Department of Children's Pain Therapy and Paediatric Palliative Care, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Julia Wager
- German Paediatric Pain Centre, Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Datteln, Germany
- Department of Children's Pain Therapy and Paediatric Palliative Care, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
- PedScience Research Institute, Datteln, Germany
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Howie EK, Nelson A, McVeigh JA, Andres A. Relationships between physical behaviour phenotypes of mothers in pregnancy and their offspring with child body composition. Acta Paediatr 2024; 113:486-494. [PMID: 38174743 DOI: 10.1111/apa.17089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to identify physical behaviour phenotypes in mothers in the first trimester and in their offspring at 24 months of age. The secondary aim was to examine relationships between mother and child behaviours with child body composition at age 24 months. METHODS Longitudinal secondary analysis of the Glowing cohort collected between 1 February 2011 and 22 August 2017 in Little Rock, Arkansas. Behaviours were measured using ankle-worn accelerometers in mothers during the first trimester and offspring at 24 months of age, including total activity, sleep, sedentary time and a novel variable of daily variation, patternicity. Child body fat was measured using quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance. RESULTS Three phenotypes were identified for mothers and children (n = 159 complete dyads). There were no relationships between mother and child phenotypes, but higher maternal patternicity was associated with higher child patternicity (0.2, 95% CI 0.1, 0.3, p = 0.001). There were no associations between mother or child phenotypes with child body composition, however higher child activity was associated with lower body fat (-0.01, 95% CI: -0.02, -0.001, p = 0.031). CONCLUSION Limited associations were found between mothers' pregnancy physical behaviours with child behaviours or child body composition at 24 months of age. Factors such as child diet or current parental physical activity may be better predictors of early childhood outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin K Howie
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alexander Nelson
- Department of Computer Science and Computer Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Joanne A McVeigh
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Movement Physiology Laboratory, School of Physiology, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Aline Andres
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center & Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
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Herzog K, Schepper F, Kamm-Thonwart R, Herrmann J, Budich M, Weiler-Wichtl L, Pletschko T, Suttorp M, Christiansen H, Martini J. Trajectories of illness perceptions in paediatric cancer patients and their parents and associations with health-related quality of life: Results of a prospective- longitudinal study. Psychooncology 2024; 33:e6332. [PMID: 38520473 DOI: 10.1002/pon.6332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In paediatric oncology, little is known about trajectories of illness perceptions and their longitudinal associations with health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate changes in illness perceptions in children and parents over a one-year-period and to investigate predictive value of child's and parent's illness perceptions during acute treatment for child's HRQoL 1 year later. METHODS N = 65 child-parent-dyads participated in a longitudinal study (retention rate: 80.2%). Children were 4-18 years of age and underwent acute cancer treatment at baseline. Children and parents reported on their own illness perceptions (Illness-Perception-Questionnaire-Revised), as well as on the child's HRQoL (KINDL-R) at baseline and one-year-follow-up. Paired-samples t-tests were calculated to investigate changes over time. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed to investigate predictive value of child's and parent's illness perceptions for child's HRQoL. RESULTS Child's HRQoL t(63) = -6.73, p < 0.001, their perceptions of coherence (i.e. understanding; t(54) = -2.36, p = 0.022) and consequences of their illness (t(54) = 2.86, p = 0.006), and parent's perception of cyclical trajectory (t(61) = 2.06, p = 0.044) improved from baseline to 1-year-follow-up. All other illness perceptions remained stable. Exploratory post-hoc analyses showed differences in the pattern of change in age-, gender-, and diagnosis-specific subgroups. After controlling for baseline levels of HRQoL, child's perceptions of symptoms and consequences were independent predictors of their HRQoL 1 year later (R2 = 0.396, F(2,52) = 10.782, p < 0.001), whereas no parent's illness perceptions added predictive value. CONCLUSION In paediatrics, child's and parent's illness perceptions should be assessed. Our findings highlight the importance of illness perceptions as potential modifiable variables in interventions to improve child's HRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Herzog
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine of the Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Elternhilfe für krebskranke Kinder e.V. Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Florian Schepper
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Haematology and Haemostaseology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Paediatric Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Remo Kamm-Thonwart
- Sonnenstrahl e.V. Dresden-Förderkreis für krebskranke Kinder und Jugendliche, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jessy Herrmann
- Elternhilfe für krebskranke Kinder e.V. Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mihaela Budich
- Department of Paediatrics, Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Liesa Weiler-Wichtl
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Pletschko
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Meinolf Suttorp
- Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Holger Christiansen
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Haematology and Haemostaseology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julia Martini
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine of the Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Wang H, Kalloniatis M, Tan JCK, Phu J. Frontloading visual field tests detect earlier mean deviation progression when applied to real-world-derived early-stage glaucoma data. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2024; 44:426-441. [PMID: 38226742 DOI: 10.1111/opo.13270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the diagnostic accuracy of performing two (frontloaded) versus one (clinical standard) visual field (VF) test per visit for detecting the progression of early glaucoma in data derived from clinical populations. METHODS A computer simulation model was used to follow the VFs of 10,000 glaucoma patients (derived from two cohorts: Heijl et al., Swedish cohort; and Chauhan et al., Canadian Glaucoma Study [CGS]) over a 10-year period to identify patients whose mean deviation (MD) progression was detected. Core data (baseline MD and progression rates) were extracted from two studies in clinical cohorts of glaucoma, which were modulated using SITA-Faster variability characteristics from previous work. Additional variables included follow-up intervals (six-monthly or yearly) and rates of perimetric data loss for any reason (0%, 15% and 30%). The main outcome measures were the proportions of progressors detected. RESULTS When the Swedish cohort was reviewed six-monthly, the frontloaded strategy detected more progressors compared to the non-frontloaded method up to years 8, 9 and 10 of follow-up for 0%, 15% and 30% data loss conditions. The time required to detect 50% of cases was 1.0-1.5 years less for frontloading compared to non-frontloading. At 4 years, frontloading increased detection by 26.7%, 28.7% and 32.4% for 0%, 15% and 30% data loss conditions, respectively. Where both techniques detected progression, frontloading detected progressors earlier compared to the non-frontloaded strategy (78.5%-81.5% and by 1.0-1.3 years when reviewed six-monthly; 81%-82.9% and by 1.2-2.1 years when reviewed yearly). Accordingly, these patients had less severe MD scores (six-monthly review: 0.63-1.67 dB 'saved'; yearly review: 1.10-2.87 dB). The differences increased with higher rates of data loss. Similar tendencies were noted when applied to the CGS cohort. CONCLUSIONS Frontloaded VFs applied to clinical distributions of MD and progression led to earlier detection of early glaucoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrietta Wang
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medicine (Optometry), Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Kalloniatis
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medicine (Optometry), Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jeremy C K Tan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jack Phu
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medicine (Optometry), Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Concord Clinical School, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, New South Wales, Australia
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Copeland WE, Tong G, Shanahan L, Rothenberg WA, Lansford JE, Godwin JW, Rybińska A, Odgers CL, Dodge KA. Intergenerational Effects of a Family Cash Transfer on the Home Environment. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 63:336-344. [PMID: 37619938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A natural experiment that provided income supplements to families has been associated with beneficial outcomes for children that persisted into adulthood. The children in this study are now adults, and many are parents. METHOD The study builds on the longitudinal, representative Great Smoky Mountains study conducted from 1993 to 2020. At follow-up in their late 30s, 1,094 of the 1,348 living participants (81.2%) were assessed. Of these participants (67.6%), 739 were parents. A tribe in the area implemented a cash transfer program of approximately $5,000 annually per person to every tribal member based on the profits received from operating a casino. Ten aspects of the home environment of participants were assessed (eg, family chaos, substance use, and food insecurity) as well as a composite measure across all home environment indicators. The proposed analyses were preregistered (https://osf.io/ex638). RESULTS Of the 739 parents assessed, 192 (26.0%) were American Indians. Parents whose families received cash transfers during childhood did not differ from parents whose families did not receive cash transfers on any of the home environment indicators or the composite measure. At the same time, there was little evidence of elevated risk for participants in either group in measures of parental mental health, substance use, and violence. CONCLUSION A family cash transfer in childhood that had long-term effects on individual functioning did not impact the home environment of participants who became parents. Rather, parents in both groups were providing home environments generally conducive to their children's growth and development. STUDY PREREGISTRATION INFORMATION Intergenerational Effects of a Family Cash Transfer on the Home Environment; https://osf.io/; ex638.
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Affiliation(s)
- William E Copeland
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina; University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.
| | | | | | - W Andrew Rothenberg
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina; University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida
| | | | | | | | - Candice L Odgers
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina; University of California Irvine, California
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Clifford D. Gender inequalities in unpaid public work: Retention, stratification and segmentation in the volunteer leadership of charities in England and Wales. Br J Sociol 2024; 75:143-167. [PMID: 38141163 DOI: 10.1111/1468-4446.13070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
While gender inequalities in employment (paid public work) and domestic and reproductive labour (unpaid private work) are a prominent focus within the sociological literature, gender inequalities in volunteering (unpaid public work) have received much less scholarly attention. We analyse a unique longitudinal dataset of volunteer leaders, that follows through time every individual to have served as a board member (trustee) for a charity in England and Wales between 2010 and 2023, to make three foundational contributions to our understanding of gender inequalities in unpaid public work. First, the salience of vertical gender stratification and horizontal gender segmentation in trusteeship shows that gendered inequalities in work extend to public work in general-encompassing unpaid public work, and not only paid public work. In terms of gender segmentation, we find that women are over-represented as trustees in a small number of fields of charitable activity but under-represented across the majority of fields. In terms of gender stratification, we find that women are under-represented on the boards of the largest charities; under-represented as chairs of trustee boards; and particularly under-represented as chairs of the largest charities. Second, the dynamics underlying gendered differences in unpaid public work, which show higher rates of resignation for women trustees, resonate with research on paid employment which emphasises the importance of attrition to an understanding of how gendered inequalities in work are reproduced. This means that increasing the retention of women, not only the recruitment of women, becomes central to the policy agenda. Third, we show that there has been a decline in gender stratification and gender segmentation in trusteeship since 2010. This decline over time in gendered inequalities in unpaid public work provides an interesting counterpoint to influential research documenting a 'stall' in the reduction of gendered inequalities in paid employment.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Clifford
- Department of Social Statistics and Demography, Social Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Zahid U, McCutcheon RA, Borgan F, Jauhar S, Pepper F, Nour MM, Rogdaki M, Osugo M, Murray GK, Hathway P, Murray RM, Egerton A, Howes OD. Corrigendum: The effect of antipsychotics on glutamate levels in the anterior cingulate cortex and clinical response: a 1H-MRS study in first-episode psychosis patients. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1292075. [PMID: 38495905 PMCID: PMC10941199 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1292075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.967941.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Zahid
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert A. McCutcheon
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Faith Borgan
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sameer Jauhar
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Pepper
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew M. Nour
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, London, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Rogdaki
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Osugo
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Graham K. Murray
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela Hathway
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robin M. Murray
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alice Egerton
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver D. Howes
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- H. Lundbeck UK, Valby, Denmark
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Howard AL, Lamb M. Compliance Trends in a 14-Week Ecological Momentary Assessment Study of Undergraduate Alcohol Drinkers. Assessment 2024; 31:277-290. [PMID: 36914966 PMCID: PMC10822069 DOI: 10.1177/10731911231159937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
High compliance is a priority for successful ecological momentary assessment (EMA) research, but meta-analyses of between-study differences show that reasons for missed prompts remain unclear. We examined compliance data from a 14-week, 182-survey EMA study of undergraduate alcohol use to test differences over time and across survey types between participants with better and worse compliance rates, and to evaluate the impact of incentives on ongoing participation. Participants were N = 196 students (65.8% female; Mage = 20.6). Overall compliance was 76.5%, declining gradually from 88.9% to 70% over 14 weeks. Declines were faster in participants with lower overall compliance, but we found no demographic, personality, mental health, or substance use differences between participants with better versus worse compliance rates. Compliance varied by survey type, and unannounced bonus incentives did not impact compliance rates. Participants completed fewer surveys the week after winning a gift card. We offer recommendations for designing future EMA studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Megan Lamb
- Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Iribarren C, Savolainen O, Sapnara M, Törnblom H, Simrén M, Magnusson MK, Öhman L. Temporal stability of fecal metabolomic profiles in irritable bowel syndrome. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2024; 36:e14741. [PMID: 38243381 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential of the fecal metabolome to serve as a biomarker for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) depends on its stability over time. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the temporal dynamics of the fecal metabolome, and the potential relationship with stool consistency, in patients with IBS and healthy subjects. METHODS Fecal samples were collected in two cohorts comprising patients with IBS and healthy subjects. For Cohort A, fecal samples collected during 5 consecutive days were analyzed by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). For Cohort B, liquid chromatography-MS (LC-MS) was used to analyze fecal samples collected at week 0 (healthy and IBS) and at week 4 (patients only). Stool consistency was determined by the Bristol Stool Form scale. KEY RESULTS Fecal samples were collected from Cohort A (seven healthy subjects and eight IBS patients), and Cohort B (seven healthy subjects and 11 IBS patients). The fecal metabolome of IBS patients was stable short-term (Cohort A, 5 days and within the same day) and long-term (Cohort B, 4 weeks). A similar trend was observed over 5 days in the healthy subjects of Cohort A. The metabolome dissimilarity was larger between than within participants over time in both healthy subjects and IBS patients. Further analyses showed that patients had greater range of stool forms (types) than healthy subjects, with no apparent influence on metabolomic dynamics. CONCLUSION & INFERENCES The fecal metabolome is stable over time within IBS patients as well as healthy subjects. This supports the concept of a stable fecal metabolome in IBS despite fluctuations in stool consistency, and the use of single timepoint sampling to further explore how the fecal metabolome is related to IBS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Iribarren
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Otto Savolainen
- Chalmers Mass Spectrometry Infrastructure, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maria Sapnara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hans Törnblom
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magnus Simrén
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Center for Functional Gastrointestinal and Motility Disorders, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Maria K Magnusson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lena Öhman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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50
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Turnbull J, Jha RR, Barrett DA, Valdes AM, Alderson J, Williams A, Vincent TL, Watt FE, Chapman V. The Effect of Acute Knee Injuries and Related Knee Surgery on Serum Levels of Pro- and Anti-inflammatory Lipid Mediators and Their Associations With Knee Symptoms. Am J Sports Med 2024; 52:987-997. [PMID: 38406872 PMCID: PMC10943603 DOI: 10.1177/03635465241228209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite an acute knee injury being a major risk factor for osteoarthritis, the factors that initiate and maintain this risk of longer-term knee symptoms are poorly understood. Bioactive lipids derived from omega-3 and -6 polyunsaturated fatty acids have key roles in the regulation of the inflammatory response and have been linked to joint damage and osteoarthritis pain in translational models. HYPOTHESIS There would be associations between systemic levels of bioactive lipids and knee symptoms longitudinally after an acute knee injury and related knee surgery. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS This study analyzed a subset of young, active adults who had sustained an acute knee injury (recruited via a surgical care pathway) and healthy age- and sex-matched controls. Surgery, if performed, was conducted after the baseline serum sample was taken and before the 3-month and 2-year visits. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry of 41 bioactive lipids was carried out in sera of (1) 47 injured participants (median age, 28 years) collected at baseline (median, 24 days after injury), 3 months, and 2 years, along with the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, and (2) age- and sex-matched controls. RESULTS Levels of the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (P≤ .0001) and docosahexaenoic acid (P≤ .0001) and the pro-resolving lipid mediators 17- and 14-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid, and 18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid were all significantly greater at baseline in injured participants compared with the later time points and also higher than in healthy controls (P = .0019 and P≤ .0001, respectively). Levels of pro-inflammatory prostaglandins E2 and D2, leukotriene B4, and thromboxane B2 were significantly lower at baseline compared with the later time points. Higher levels of 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (DHET) were cross-sectionally associated with more severe knee pain/symptoms according to the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score at 2 years (P = .0004, R2 = 0.251; P = .0002, R2 = 0.278; and P = .0012, R2 = 0.214, respectively). CONCLUSION The profile of pro-resolving versus pro-inflammatory lipids at baseline suggests an initial activation of pro-resolution pathways, followed by the later activation of pro-inflammatory pathways. CLINICAL RELEVANCE In this largely surgically managed cohort, the association of soluble epoxide hydrolase metabolites, the DHETs, with more severe knee symptoms at 2 years provides a rationale for further investigation into the role of this pathway in persisting knee symptoms in this population, including potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Turnbull
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Rakesh R. Jha
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - David A. Barrett
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ana M. Valdes
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Injury, Recovery, and Inflammation Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jennifer Alderson
- Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis Versus Arthritis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew Williams
- Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis Versus Arthritis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Fortius Clinic, London, UK
| | - Tonia L. Vincent
- Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis Versus Arthritis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Fiona E. Watt
- Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis Versus Arthritis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Victoria Chapman
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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