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Klaunig JE, Bevan C, Gollapudi B. Assessment of the mode of action of perchloroethylene-induced mouse liver tumors. Toxicol Ind Health 2024; 40:272-291. [PMID: 38523547 DOI: 10.1177/07482337241240188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Perchloroethylene (PCE) is used as a solvent and chemical intermediate. Following chronic inhalation exposure, PCE selectively induced liver tumors in mice. Understanding the mode of action (MOA) for PCE carcinogenesis in mice is important in defining its possible human cancer risk. The proposed MOA is based on the extensive examination of the peer-reviewed studies that have assessed the mouse liver effects of PCE and its major oxidative metabolite trichloroacetic acid (TCA). Similar to PCE, TCA has also been demonstrated to liver tumors selectively in mice following chronic exposure. The Key Events (KE) of the proposed PCE MOA involve oxidative metabolism of PCE to TCA [KE 1]; activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) [KE 2]; alteration in hepatic gene expression including cell growth pathways [KE 3]; increase in cell proliferation [KE 4]; selective clonal expansion of hepatic preneoplastic foci [KE 5]; and formation of hepatic neoplasms [KE 6]. The scientific evidence supporting the PPARα MOA for PCE is strong and satisfies the requirements for a MOA analysis. The PPARα liver tumor MOA in rodents has been demonstrated not to occur in humans; thus, human liver cancer risk to PCE is not likely.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E Klaunig
- School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
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2
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Buttice L, Ghani M, Suthakar J, Gnanalingham S, Carande E, Kennedy BWC, Pitcher A, Gamble JHP, Ahmad M, Lewis A, Jüni P, Rider OJ, Stephens JW, Bray JJH. The effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on inflammatory biomarkers: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024. [PMID: 38602398 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To conduct a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on inflammatory biomarkers. METHODS Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched for RCTs investigating the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on inflammatory biomarkers, adipokine profiles and insulin sensitivity. RESULTS Thirty-eight RCTs were included (14 967 participants, 63.3% male, mean age 62 ± 8.6 years) with a median (interquartile range) follow-up of 16 (12-24) weeks. Meta-analysis showed that SGLT2 inhibitors significantly improved adiponectin, interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor receptor-1 (vs. placebo alone: standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.34 [95% confidence interval {CI} 0.23, 0.45], mean difference [MD] -0.85 pg/mL [95% CI -1.32, -0.38], SMD -0.13 [95% CI -0.20, -0.06], respectively), leptin and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance index (vs. CONTROL SMD -0.20 [95% CI -0.33, -0.07], MD -0.83 [95% CI -1.32, -0.33], respectively). There were no significant changes in C-reactive protein (CRP), tumour necrosis factor-α, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, fibroblast growth factor-21 or monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis shows that SGLT2 inhibitors likely improve adipokine biomarkers and insulin sensitivity, but there is little evidence that SGLT2 inhibitors improve other inflammatory biomarkers including CRP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Elliott Carande
- Grange University Hospital, Cwmbran, UK
- Institute of Life Sciences 2, Swansea Bay University Health Board and Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | | | - Alex Pitcher
- Oxford Heart Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Andrew Lewis
- Oxford Heart Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Peter Jüni
- Nuffield Department of Population Health (NDPH), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Oliver J Rider
- Oxford Heart Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Jeffrey W Stephens
- Institute of Life Sciences 2, Swansea Bay University Health Board and Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
- Diabetes Research Group, School of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Jonathan J H Bray
- University College London (UCL), London, UK
- Institute of Life Sciences 2, Swansea Bay University Health Board and Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
- Oxford Heart Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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Palladini G, Liedtke M, Zago W, Dolan P, Kinney GG, Gertz MA. The mechanism of action, pharmacological characteristics, and clinical utility of the amyloid depleter birtamimab for the potential treatment of AL amyloidosis. Leuk Lymphoma 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38600883 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2024.2337803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Amyloid light chain (AL) amyloidosis is a progressive plasma cell disorder caused by amyloid deposition resulting in organ damage and failure. Current standard-of-care treatments target clonal plasma cells, the source of misfolded light chains (amyloid precursors), yet only half of patients with advanced disease survive ≥6 months. The amyloid depleter birtamimab is an investigational humanized monoclonal antibody that binds misfolded κ and λ light chains with high specificity and was designed to neutralize soluble toxic light chain aggregates and promote phagocytic clearance of deposited amyloid. Post hoc analyses from the Phase 3 VITAL trial suggested birtamimab plus standard of care confers a survival benefit in patients with advanced (Mayo Stage IV) AL amyloidosis. AFFIRM-AL (NCT04973137), a Phase 3 confirmatory trial of birtamimab plus standard of care in patients with Mayo Stage IV AL amyloidosis, is ongoing. This review summarizes birtamimab's mechanism of action, attributes, and potential clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Palladini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS, Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Phil Dolan
- Prothena Biosciences Inc, Brisbane, CA, USA
| | | | - Morie A Gertz
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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French S, Guo ABY, Ellis MJ, Deisinger JP, Johnson JW, Rachwalski K, Piquette ZA, Lluka T, Zary M, Gamage S, Magolan J, Brown ED. A platform for predicting mechanism of action based on bacterial transcriptional responses identifies an unusual DNA gyrase inhibitor. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114053. [PMID: 38578824 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
In the search for much-needed new antibacterial chemical matter, a myriad of compounds have been reported in academic and pharmaceutical screening endeavors. Only a small fraction of these, however, are characterized with respect to mechanism of action (MOA). Here, we describe a pipeline that categorizes transcriptional responses to antibiotics and provides hypotheses for MOA. 3D-printed imaging hardware PFIboxes) profiles responses of Escherichia coli promoter-GFP fusions to more than 100 antibiotics. Notably, metergoline, a semi-synthetic ergot alkaloid, mimics a DNA replication inhibitor. In vitro supercoiling assays confirm this prediction, and a potent analog thereof (MLEB-1934) inhibits growth at 0.25 μg/mL and is highly active against quinolone-resistant strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Spontaneous suppressor mutants map to a seldom explored allosteric binding pocket, suggesting a mechanism distinct from DNA gyrase inhibitors used in the clinic. In all, the work highlights the potential of this platform to rapidly assess MOA of new antibacterial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn French
- McMaster University, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Amelia Bing Ya Guo
- McMaster University, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Michael J Ellis
- McMaster University, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Julia P Deisinger
- McMaster University, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Jarrod W Johnson
- McMaster University, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Kenneth Rachwalski
- McMaster University, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Zoë A Piquette
- McMaster University, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Telmah Lluka
- McMaster University, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Miranda Zary
- McMaster University, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Sineli Gamage
- McMaster University, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Jakob Magolan
- McMaster University, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Eric D Brown
- McMaster University, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada.
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Mermans F, De Baets H, García-Timermans C, Teughels W, Boon N. Unlocking the mechanism of action: a cost-effective flow cytometry approach for accelerating antimicrobial drug development. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0393123. [PMID: 38483479 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03931-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the greatest challenges to global health. While the development of new antimicrobials can combat resistance, low profitability reduces the number of new compounds brought to market. Elucidating the mechanism of action is crucial for developing new antimicrobials. This can become expensive as there are no universally applicable pipelines. Phenotypic heterogeneity of microbial populations resulting from antimicrobial treatment can be captured through flow cytometric fingerprinting. Since antimicrobials are classified into limited groups, the mechanism of action of known compounds can be used for predictive modeling. We demonstrate a cost-effective flow cytometry approach for determining the mechanism of action of new compounds. Cultures of Actinomyces viscosus and Fusobacterium nucleatum were treated with different antimicrobials and measured by flow cytometry. A Gaussian mixture mask was applied over the data to construct phenotypic fingerprints. Fingerprints were used to assess statistical differences between mechanism of action groups and to train random forest classifiers. Classifiers were then used to predict the mechanism of action of cephalothin. Statistical differences were found among the different mechanisms of action groups. Pairwise comparison showed statistical differences for 35 out of 45 pairs for A. viscosus and for 32 out of 45 pairs for F. nucleatum after 3.5 h of treatment. The best-performing random forest classifier yielded a Matthews correlation coefficient of 0.92 and the mechanism of action of cephalothin could be successfully predicted. These findings suggest that flow cytometry can be a cheap and fast alternative for determining the mechanism of action of new antimicrobials.IMPORTANCEIn the context of the emerging threat of antimicrobial resistance, the development of novel antimicrobials is a commonly employed strategy to combat resistance. Elucidating the mechanism of action of novel compounds is crucial in this development but can become expensive, as no universally applicable pipelines currently exist. We present a novel flow cytometry-based approach capable of determining the mechanism of action swiftly and cost-effectively. The workflow aims to accelerate drug discovery and could help facilitate a more targeted approach for antimicrobial treatment of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Mermans
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven & Dentistry (Periodontology), University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hanna De Baets
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Cristina García-Timermans
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Wim Teughels
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven & Dentistry (Periodontology), University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nico Boon
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
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Obana KK, Hasegawa ME, Mueller JD, Berk AN, Rimm JB, Horng JC, Saltzman BM, Parisien RL, Lee LS, Trofa DP. Lower Extremity Surfing Injuries Seen at United States Emergency Departments From 2002 to 2022. Orthop J Sports Med 2024; 12:23259671241237289. [PMID: 38617886 PMCID: PMC11010756 DOI: 10.1177/23259671241237289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Surfing is an increasingly popular sport with a high propensity for both traumatic and atraumatic injuries. Purpose To analyze the trends, etiologies, and diagnoses of lower extremity orthopaedic-related surfing injuries presenting to United States (US) emergency departments (EDs) within a 21-year study period. Study Design Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database was queried for data on lower extremity surfing injuries presenting to US EDs from January 1 to December 31, 2022. Data collected included year, injury mechanism, injury location, diagnosis, and disposition. The raw data were used to calculate national estimates (NEs) based on each hospital's assigned statistical sample weight. Linear regressions were performed to analyze annual trends. Results A total of 776 lower extremity surfing injuries were included (NE = 49,218 injuries). The mean age of the patients was 29.4 ± 13.6 years. The most common injured areas were the foot (NE = 17,411; 35.4%), lower leg (NE = 8673, 17.6%), and knee (NE = 8139; 16.5%). The most common mechanism of injury was impact with board (NE = 17,144; 34.8%), and the most common fracture locations were the lower leg (NE = 1195; 29.5%), ankle (NE = 1594; 24.5%), and foot (NE = 1495; 23.0%). There were statistically significant decreases in weighted estimates for lower extremity surfing injuries by 108 per year (P < .001), for lacerations by 76 per year (P < .001), and for sprains by 18 per year (P = .01). Impact-with-board injuries decreased by 59 injuries per year (P < .001) and constituted 63.5% of lacerations and 12.1% of fractures. Only 3.9% of patients were admitted for hospitalization. Conclusion There was a decreasing trend in lower extremity surfing injuries presenting to US EDs during the 21-year study period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle K. Obana
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Morgan E. Hasegawa
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - John D. Mueller
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alexander N. Berk
- Sports Medicine Center, OrthoCarolina, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
- Musculoskeletal Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Julian B. Rimm
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Jonathan C. Horng
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Bryan M. Saltzman
- Sports Medicine Center, OrthoCarolina, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
- Musculoskeletal Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Robert L. Parisien
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lorrin S.K. Lee
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - David P. Trofa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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Mao Y, Wang W, Yang J, Zhou X, Lu Y, Gao J, Wang X, Wen L, Fu W, Tang F. Drug repurposing screening and mechanism analysis based on human colorectal cancer organoids. Protein Cell 2024; 15:285-304. [PMID: 37345888 PMCID: PMC10984622 DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwad038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly heterogeneous cancer and exploring novel therapeutic options is a pressing issue that needs to be addressed. Here, we established human CRC tumor-derived organoids that well represent both morphological and molecular heterogeneities of original tumors. To efficiently identify repurposed drugs for CRC, we developed a robust organoid-based drug screening system. By combining the repurposed drug library and computation-based drug prediction, 335 drugs were tested and 34 drugs with anti-CRC effects were identified. More importantly, we conducted a detailed transcriptome analysis of drug responses and divided the drug response signatures into five representative patterns: differentiation induction, growth inhibition, metabolism inhibition, immune response promotion, and cell cycle inhibition. The anticancer activities of drug candidates were further validated in the established patient-derived organoids-based xenograft (PDOX) system in vivo. We found that fedratinib, trametinib, and bortezomib exhibited effective anticancer effects. Furthermore, the concordance and discordance of drug response signatures between organoids in vitro and pairwise PDOX in vivo were evaluated. Our study offers an innovative approach for drug discovery, and the representative transcriptome features of drug responses provide valuable resources for developing novel clinical treatments for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunuo Mao
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of General Surgery, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing 100871, China
- The Research Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of General Surgery, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jingwei Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of General Surgery, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of General Surgery, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking University Third Hospital Cancer Center, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yongqu Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of General Surgery, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking University Third Hospital Cancer Center, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Junpeng Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of General Surgery, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of General Surgery, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lu Wen
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of General Surgery, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wei Fu
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of General Surgery, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking University Third Hospital Cancer Center, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fuchou Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of General Surgery, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Guo X, Lv M, Lin J, Guo J, Lin J, Li S, Sun Y, Zhang X. Latest Progress of LIPUS in Fracture Healing: A Mini-Review. J Ultrasound Med 2024; 43:643-655. [PMID: 38224522 DOI: 10.1002/jum.16403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The use of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) for promoting fracture healing has been Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved since 1994 due to largely its non-thermal effects of sound flow sound radiation force and so on. Numerous clinical and animal studies have shown that LIPUS can accelerate the healing of fresh fractures, nonunions, and delayed unions in pulse mode regardless of LIPUS devices or circumstantial factors. Rare clinical studies show limitations of LIPUS for treating fractures with intramedullary nail fixation or low patient compliance. The biological effect is achieved by regulating various cellular behaviors involving mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and osteoclasts and with dose dependency on LIPUS intensity and time. Specifically, LIPUS promotes the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs through the ROCK-Cot/Tpl2-MEK-ERK signaling. Osteoblasts, in turn, respond to the mechanical signal of LIPUS through integrin, angiotensin type 1 (AT1), and PIEZO1 mechano-receptors, leading to the production of inflammatory factors such as COX-2, MCP-1, and MIP-1β fracture repair. LIPUS also induces CCN2 expression in chondrocytes thereby coordinating bone regeneration. Finally, LIPUS suppresses osteoclast differentiation and gene expression by interfering with the ERK/c-Fos/NFATc1 cascade. This mini-review revisits the known effects and mechanisms of LIPUS on bone fracture healing and strengthens the need for further investigation into the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guo
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Maojiang Lv
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Zun Yi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Joint Laboratory for Translational Medicine Research, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Jiang Guo
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianjing Lin
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shun Li
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xintao Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Hu Y, Yu X, Yang L, Xue G, Wei Q, Han Z, Chen H. Research progress on the antitumor effects of harmine. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1382142. [PMID: 38590646 PMCID: PMC10999596 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1382142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Harmine is a naturally occurring β-carboline alkaloid originally isolated from Peganum harmala. As a major active component, harmine exhibits a broad spectrum of pharmacological properties, particularly remarkable antitumor effects. Recent mechanistic studies have shown that harmine can inhibit cancer cell proliferation and metastasis through epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cell cycle regulation, angiogenesis, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Furthermore, harmine reduces drug resistance when used in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs. Despite its remarkable antitumor activity, the application of harmine is limited by its poor solubility and toxic side effects, particularly neurotoxicity. Novel harmine derivatives have demonstrated strong clinical application prospects, but further validation based on drug activity, acute toxicity, and other aspects is necessary. Here, we present a review of recent research on the action mechanism of harmine in cancer treatment and the development of its derivatives, providing new insights into its potential clinical applications and strategies for mitigating its toxicity while enhancing its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghua Hu
- Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Department of Tumor Center, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Yu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lei Yang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Gaimei Xue
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qinglin Wei
- Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhijian Han
- Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Department of Tumor Center, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Department of Tumor Center, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Melones-Herrero J, Alcalá S, Ruiz-Cañas L, Benítez-Buelga C, Batres-Ramos S, Calés C, Lorenzo O, Perona R, Quiroga AG, Sainz B, Sánchez-Pérez I. Platinum iodido drugs show potential anti-tumor activity, affecting cancer cell metabolism and inducing ROS and senescence in gastrointestinal cancer cells. Commun Biol 2024; 7:353. [PMID: 38519773 PMCID: PMC10959927 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06052-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin-based chemotherapy has associated clinical disadvantages, such as high toxicity and resistance. Thus, the development of new antitumor metallodrugs able to overcome different clinical barriers is a public healthcare priority. Here, we studied the mechanism of action of the isomers trans and cis-[PtI2(isopropylamine)2] (I5 and I6, respectively) against gastrointestinal cancer cells. We demonstrate that I5 and I6 modulate mitochondrial metabolism, decreasing OXPHOS activity and negatively affecting ATP-linked oxygen consumption rate. Consequently, I5 and I6 generated Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), provoking oxidative damage and eventually the induction of senescence. Thus, herein we propose a loop with three interconnected processes modulated by these iodido agents: (i) mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic disruptions; (ii) ROS generation and oxidative damage; and (iii) cellular senescence. Functionally, I5 reduces cancer cell clonogenicity and tumor growth in a pancreatic xenograft model without systemic toxicity, highlighting a potential anticancer complex that warrants additional pre-clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Melones-Herrero
- Department of Biochemistry. School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Sols-Morreale" IIBM-CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BioPAC) Group. Area 3 Cancer -Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Alcalá
- Department of Biochemistry. School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Sols-Morreale" IIBM-CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BioPAC) Group. Area 3 Cancer -Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Ruiz-Cañas
- Department of Biochemistry. School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Sols-Morreale" IIBM-CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BioPAC) Group. Area 3 Cancer -Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Benítez-Buelga
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Sols-Morreale" IIBM-CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Batres-Ramos
- Department of Biochemistry. School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Sols-Morreale" IIBM-CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BioPAC) Group. Area 3 Cancer -Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmela Calés
- Department of Biochemistry. School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Sols-Morreale" IIBM-CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Lorenzo
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Vascular Pathology, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias-Fundación Jimenez Díaz, CIBERDEM, UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Perona
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Sols-Morreale" IIBM-CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área Rare Diseases, CIBERER, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adoración G Quiroga
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, School of Sciences, IAdChem, UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Sols-Morreale" IIBM-CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BioPAC) Group. Area 3 Cancer -Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área Cáncer, CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Isabel Sánchez-Pérez
- Department of Biochemistry. School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Sols-Morreale" IIBM-CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BioPAC) Group. Area 3 Cancer -Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área Rare Diseases, CIBERER, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
- Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
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Shi L, Yang C, Zhang M, Li K, Wang K, Jiao L, Liu R, Wang Y, Li M, Wang Y, Ma L, Hu S, Bian X. Dissecting the mechanism of atlastin-mediated homotypic membrane fusion at the single-molecule level. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2488. [PMID: 38509071 PMCID: PMC10954664 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46919-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Homotypic membrane fusion of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is mediated by dynamin-like GTPase atlastin (ATL). This fundamental process relies on GTP-dependent domain rearrangements in the N-terminal region of ATL (ATLcyto), including the GTPase domain and three-helix bundle (3HB). However, its conformational dynamics during the GTPase cycle remain elusive. Here, we combine single-molecule FRET imaging and molecular dynamics simulations to address this conundrum. Different from the prevailing model, ATLcyto can form a loose crossover dimer upon GTP binding, which is tightened by GTP hydrolysis for membrane fusion. Furthermore, the α-helical motif between the 3HB and transmembrane domain, which is embedded in the surface of the lipid bilayer and self-associates in the crossover dimer, is required for ATL function. To recycle the proteins, Pi release, which disassembles the dimer, activates frequent relative movements between the GTPase domain and 3HB, and subsequent GDP dissociation alters the conformational preference of the ATLcyto monomer for entering the next reaction cycle. Finally, we found that two disease-causing mutations affect human ATL1 activity by destabilizing GTP binding-induced loose crossover dimer formation and the membrane-embedded helix, respectively. These results provide insights into ATL-mediated homotypic membrane fusion and the pathological mechanisms of related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Chenguang Yang
- National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mingyuan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Kangning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Keying Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Li Jiao
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Ruming Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yunyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Ming Li
- National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
- The Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base on Engineering Biology, International Campus of Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China.
| | - Lu Ma
- National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Shuxin Hu
- National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Xin Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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Liu Y, Fernandes I, Mateus N, Oliveira H, Han F. The Role of Anthocyanins in Alleviating Intestinal Diseases: A Mini Review. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:5491-5502. [PMID: 38446808 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are phytonutrients with physiological activity belonging to the flavonoid family whose transport and absorption in the human body follow specific pathways. In the upper gastrointestinal tract, anthocyanins are rarely absorbed intact by active transporters, with most reaching the colon, where bacteria convert them into metabolites. There is mounting evidence that anthocyanins can be used for prevention and treatment of intestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and colorectal cancer (CRC), through the protective function on the intestinal epithelial barrier, immunomodulation, antioxidants, and gut microbiota metabolism. Dietary anthocyanins are summarized in this comprehensive review with respect to their classification and structure as well as their absorption and transport mechanisms within the gastrointestinal tract. Additionally, the review delves into the role and mechanism of anthocyanins in treating common intestinal diseases. These insights will deepen our understanding of the potential benefits of natural anthocyanins for intestinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Iva Fernandes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Porto 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Mateus
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Porto 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Hélder Oliveira
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Porto 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fuliang Han
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Heyang Experimental Demonstration Station, Northwest A&F University, Weinan 715300, China
- Ningxia Helan Mountain's East Foothill Wine Experiment and Demonstration Station, Northwest A&F University, Yongning 750104, China
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13
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Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wang S, Cai Q, Song H, Chen J. Discovery and Mechanism of a Nematicide Candidate ( W3): A Novel Amide Compound Containing a Cyclopropyl Moiety. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:5585-5594. [PMID: 38442026 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
To find novel nematicides, we screened the nematicidal activity of compounds in our laboratory compound library. Interestingly, the compound N-((1R,2R)-2-(2-fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)cyclopropyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (W3) showed a broad spectrum and excellent nematicidal activity. The LC50 values of compound W3 against second-stage juveniles of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (B. xylophilus), Aphelenchoides besseyi, and Ditylenchus destructor are 1.30, 1.63, and 0.72 mg/L, respectively. Nematicidal activities of compound W3 against second-stage juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita were 87.66% at 100 mg/L. Meanwhile, compound W3 can not only observably inhibit the feeding, reproduction, and egg hatching of B. xylophilus but can also effectively promote the oxidative stress adverse reactions of nematodes and cause intestinal damage. Compound W3 can promote the production of MDA and inhibit the activities of defense enzymes SOD and GST in B. xylophilus. Compound W3 can affect the transcription of genes involved in regulating the tricarboxylic acid cycle in nematodes, resulting in weakened nematode respiration and reduced nematode activity and even death. In addition, compound W3 had good inhibitory activity against five pathogenic fungi. Among them, the EC50 of compound W3 against Fusarium graminearum was 8.4 mg/L. In the future, we will devote ourselves to the toxicological and structural optimization research of the candidate nematicide W3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qingfeng Cai
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Hongyi Song
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jixiang Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Gao Y, Wei C, Luo L, Tang Y, Yu Y, Li Y, Xing J, Pan X. Membrane-assisted tariquidar access and binding mechanisms of human ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1364494. [PMID: 38560519 PMCID: PMC10979361 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1364494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The human multidrug transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is physiologically essential and of key relevance to biomedicine. Recent structural studies have shed light on the mode of inhibition of the third-generation inhibitors for human P-gp, but the molecular mechanism by which these inhibitors enter the transmembrane sites remains poorly understood. In this study, we utilized all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to characterize human P-gp dynamics under a potent inhibitor, tariquidar, bound condition, as well as the atomic-level binding pathways in an explicit membrane/water environment. Extensive unbiased simulations show that human P-gp remains relatively stable in tariquidar-free and bound states, while exhibiting a high dynamic binding mode at either the drug-binding pocket or the regulatory site. Free energy estimations by partial nudged elastic band (PNEB) simulations and Molecular Mechanics Generalized Born Surface Area (MM/GBSA) method identify two energetically favorable binding pathways originating from the cytoplasmic gate with an extended tariquidar conformation. Interestingly, free tariquidar in the lipid membrane predominantly adopts extended conformations similar to those observed at the regulatory site. These results suggest that membrane lipids may preconfigure tariquidar into an active ligand conformation for efficient binding to the regulatory site. However, due to its conformational plasticity, tariquidar ultimately moves toward the drug-binding pocket in both pathways, explaining how it acts as a substrate at low concentrations. Our molecular findings propose a membrane-assisted mechanism for the access and binding of the third-generation inhibitors to the binding sites of human P-gp, and offer deeper insights into the molecule design of more potent inhibitors against P-gp-mediated drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Gao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Caiyan Wei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Lanxin Luo
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Tang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongzhen Yu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yaling Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Juan Xing
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xianchao Pan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Wei C, Zhao C, Li J, Li C, Song B, Song R. Innovative Arylimidazole-Fused Phytovirucides via Carbene-Catalyzed [3+4] Cycloaddition: Locking Viral Cell-To-Cell Movement by Out-Competing Virus Capsid-Host Interactions. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024:e2309343. [PMID: 38477505 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The control of potato virus Y (PVY) induced crop failure is a challengeable issue in agricultural chemistry. Although many anti-PVY agents are designed to focus on the functionally important coat protein (CP) of virus, how these drugs act on CP to inactivate viral pathogenicity, remains largely unknown. Herein, a PVY CP inhibitor -3j (S) is disclosed, which is accessed by developing unusually efficient (up to 99% yield) and chemo-selective (> 99:1 er in most cases) carbene-catalyzed [3+4] cycloaddition reactions. Compound -3j bears a unique arylimidazole-fused diazepine skeleton and shows chirality-preferred performance against PVY. In addition, -3j (S) as a mediator allows ARG191 (R191 ) of CP to be identified as a key amino acid site responsible for intercellular movement of virions. R191 is further demonstrated to be critical for the interaction between PVY CP and the plant functional protein NtCPIP, enabling virions to cross plasmodesmata. This key step can be significantly inhibited through bonding with the -3j (S) to further impair pathogenic behaviors involving systemic infection and particle assembly. The study reveals the in-depth mechanism of action of antiviral agents targeting PVY CP, and contributes to new drug structures and synthetic strategies for PVY management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunle Wei
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Chunni Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jiao Li
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Chunyi Li
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Baoan Song
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Runjiang Song
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
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Yang Y, Jin L, Xu S, Ye H, Luo X, Li R, Yue Y. Observation on efficacy and underlying mechanism of cheek acupuncture on ovulation induction for infertile women with PCOS: Case series. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37370. [PMID: 38457549 PMCID: PMC10919470 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common reproductive endocrine disorder among women of childbearing age and is the primary cause of anovulatory infertility, accounting for 70% to 80% of cases. Ovulation induction is the main treatment approach for infertile patients with PCOS. Commonly utilized medications for this purpose are clomiphene citrate (CC) and letrozole (LE). Clomiphene citrate administration results in an ovulation rate ranging from 60% to 85%, while the pregnancy rate is limited to 35% to 40%, and a further reduction is observed in live birth rates. Letrozole demonstrates a slightly higher pregnancy rate and live birth rate compared to clomiphene citrate, although challenges persist in terms of longer stimulation cycles, multiple pregnancies, and the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). Clinical reports indicate that acupuncture therapy shows promising efficacy in treating patients with PCOS-related infertility, despite a partially unclear understanding of its underlying mechanisms. PATIENT CONCERNS In this study, one patient did not achieve pregnancy despite more than a year of ovulation induction using clomiphene citrate and letrozole. However, after 3 months of receiving cheek acupuncture therapy, she successfully conceived and gave birth to a liveborn baby. Another patient achieved natural conception and live birth after 2 months of exclusive cheek acupuncture therapy. DIAGNOSIS PCOS. INTERVENTIONS Cheek acupuncture therapy. OUTCOMES Both of them successfully conceived and gave birth to a liveborn baby. LESSONS These findings suggest that cheek acupuncture therapy can effectively stimulate follicle development and ovulation, potentially improving endometrial receptivity. According to holographic theory, there is a biologically holographic model within the cheek region that shares a homology with the human body structure. This model provides an explanation for the regulatory effects of cheek acupuncture point stimulation on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian axis (HPO), which subsequently influences follicle development and ovulation in patients. Consequently, when cheek acupuncture therapy is applied alone or in combination with ovulation induction medication, patients have the ability to achieve successful pregnancy and experience a smooth delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Xinhua Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lihua Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Xinhua Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shasha Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Xinhua Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huijun Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Xinhua Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Xinhua Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruilan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Xinhua Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuebing Yue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Xinhua Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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Gao S, Wei L, Qin Y, Zhang P, Quan T, Liang F, Huang G. Network pharmacological analysis on the mechanism of Linggui Zhugan decoction for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37281. [PMID: 38457573 PMCID: PMC10919485 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), represents a chronic progressive disease that imposes a significant burden on patients and the healthcare system. Linggui Zhugan decoction (LGZGD) plays a substantial role in treating NAFLD, but its exact molecular mechanism is unknown. Using network pharmacology, this study aimed to investigate the mechanism of action of LGZGD in treating NAFLD. Active ingredients and targets were identified through the integration of data from the TCMSP, GEO, GeneCards, and OMIM databases. Cytoscape 3.9.1 software, in conjunction with the STRING platform, was employed to construct network diagrams and screen core targets. The enrichment analysis of gene ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways were conducted by using the R. Molecular docking of the active ingredients and core targets was performed with AutoDock Vina software. We obtained 93 and 112 active ingredients and potential targets using the bioinformatic analysis of LGZGD in treating NAFLD. The primary ingredients of LGZGD included quercetin, kaempferol, and naringenin. The core targets were identified AKT1, MYC, HSP90AA1, HIF1A, ESR1, TP53, and STAT3. Gene ontology function enrichment analysis revealed associations with responses to nutrient and oxygen levels, nuclear receptor activity, and ligand-activated transcription factor activity. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes signaling pathway analysis implicated the involvement of the PI3K-Akt, IL-17, TNF, Th17 cell differentiation, HIF-1, and TLR signaling pathways. Molecular docking studies indicated strong binding affinities between active ingredients and targets. LGZGD intervenes in NAFLD through a multi-ingredient, multi-target, and multi-pathway approach. Treatment with LGZGD can improve insulin resistance, oxidative stress, inflammation, and lipid metabolism associated with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Gao
- Graduate School of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Liuting Wei
- Graduate School of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yan Qin
- Graduate School of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Tingwei Quan
- Graduate School of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Fei Liang
- Graduate School of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Guihua Huang
- Department of Spleen and Stomach Liver Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Wang X, Wang F, Dong P, Zhou L. The therapeutic effect of ultrasound targeted destruction of schisandrin A contrast microbubbles on liver cancer and its mechanism. Radiol Oncol 2024; 0:raon-2024-0019. [PMID: 38452391 DOI: 10.2478/raon-2024-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to explore the therapeutic effect of ultrasound targeted destruction of schisandrin A contrast microbubbles on liver cancer and its related mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Span-PEG microbubbles loaded with schisandrin A were prepared using Span60, NaCl, PEG-1500, and schisandrin A. The loading rate of schisandrin A in Span-PEG composite microbubbles was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry method. The Walker-256 cell survival rate of schisandrin A was determined by 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) assay. The content of schisandrin A in the cells was determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Ultrasound imaging was used to evaluate the therapeutic effect in situ. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the content of inflammatory factors in serum. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the pathological changes of experimental animals in each group. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothlial growth factor (VEGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) in tumor tissues, and western blot was used to detect the protein expression of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in tumor tissues. RESULTS The composite microbubbles were uniform in size, and the particle size distribution was unimodal and stable, which met the requirements of ultrasound contrast agents. The loading rate of schisandrin A in Span-PEG microbubbles was 8.84 ± 0.14%, the encapsulation efficiency was 82.24±1.21%. The IC50 value of schisandrin A was 2.87 μg/mL. The drug + microbubbles + ultrasound (D+M+U) group had the most obvious inhibitory effect on Walker-256 cancer cells, the highest intracellular drug concentration, the largest reduction in tumor volume, the most obvious reduction in serum inflammatory factors, and the most obvious improvement in pathological results. The results of immunohistochemistry showed that HIF-1α, VEGF and VEGFR-2 protein decreased most significantly in D+M+U group (P < 0.01). WB results showed that D+M+U group inhibited the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway most significantly (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Schisandrin A had an anti-tumor effect, and its mechanism might be related to the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. The schisandrin A microbubbles could promote the intake of schisandrin A in tumor cells after being destroyed at the site of tumor under ultrasound irradiation, thus playing the best anti-tumor effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Liaoning, China
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Liaoning, China
| | - Pengfei Dong
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Hou Z, Sun L, Jiang Z, Zeng T, Wu P, Huang J, Liu H, Xiao P. Neuropharmacological insights into Gardenia jasminoides Ellis: Harnessing therapeutic potential for central nervous system disorders. Phytomedicine 2024; 125:155374. [PMID: 38301302 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In China, Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (GJE) has a longstanding history of application. The Ministry of Health has listed it as one of the first pharmaceutical or food resources. In ethnic, traditional, and folk medicine, GJE has been used to treat fever and cold and relieve nervous anxiety. Recent studies have confirmed the significant efficacy of GJE for treating central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and major depressive disorder; however, GJE has not been systematically evaluated. PURPOSE This research systematically summarizes global studies on the use of GJE for treating CNS disorders and explores the potential applications and underlying mechanisms via intestinal flora analysis and network pharmacology, aiming to establish a scientific basis for innovative CNS disorder treatment with GJE. METHODS The PRISMA guidelines were used, and electronic databases such as the Web of Science, PubMed, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched using the following search terms: "Gardenia jasminoides Ellis" with "central nervous system disease," "neuroprotection," "Alzheimer's disease," "Parkinson's disease," "ischemic stroke," "Epilepsy," and "major depressive disorder." The published literature up to September 2023 was searched to obtain relevant information on the application of GJE for treating CNS disorders. RESULTS There has been an increase in research on the material formulation and mechanisms of action of GJE for treating CNS disorders, with marked effects on CNS disorder treatment in different countries and regions. We summarized the research results related to the role of GJE in vitro and in vivo via multitargeted interventions in response to the complex mechanisms of action of CNS disorders. CONCLUSION We systematically reviewed the research progress on traditional treatment for GJE and preclinical mechanisms of CNS disorders and explored the potential of optimizing network pharmacology strategies and intestinal flora analysis to elucidate the mechanisms of action of GJE. The remarkable therapeutic efficacy of GJE, an important resource in traditional medicine, has been well documented in the literature, highlighting its significant medicinal potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Hou
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Le Sun
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Zheyu Jiang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Tiexin Zeng
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Peiling Wu
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Jiali Huang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Haibo Liu
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Peigen Xiao
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
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Yin CY, Lian YP, Xu JD, Liu CM, Cai JL, Zhu L, Wang DJ, Luo LB, Yan XJ. Study on network pharmacology of Ginkgo biloba extract against ischaemic stroke mechanism and establishment of UPLC-MS/MS methods for simultaneous determination of 19 main active components. Phytochem Anal 2024; 35:254-270. [PMID: 37758241 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) is an effective substance from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) G. biloba for treating ischaemic stroke (IS). However, its active ingredients and mechanism of action remain unclear. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to reveal the potential active component group and possible anti-IS mechanism of GBE. MATERIALS AND METHODS The network pharmacology method was used to reveal the possible anti-IS mechanism of these active ingredients in GBE. An ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography triple quadrupole electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was established for the simultaneous detection of the active ingredients of GBE. RESULTS The active components of GBE anti-IS were screened by literature integration. Network pharmacology results showed that the anti-IS effect of GBE is achieved through key active components such as protocatechuic acid, bilobalide, ginkgolide A, and so on. Gene Ontology (GO) function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that the possible anti-IS mechanism of GBE is regulating the PI3K-Akt signalling pathway and other signal pathways closely related to inflammatory response and apoptosis regulation combined with AKT1, MAPK, TNF, ALB, CASP3, and other protein targets. Nineteen main constituents in seven batches of GBE were successfully analysed using the established UPLC-MS/MS method, and the results showed that the content of protocatechuic acid, gallic acid, ginkgolide A, and so forth was relatively high, which was consistent with network pharmacology results, indicating that these ingredients may be the key active anti-IS ingredients of GBE. CONCLUSION This study revealed the key active components and the anti-IS mechanism of GBE. It also provided a simple and sensitive method for the quality control of related preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yan Yin
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Human Use Experience Research & Transformation of Menghe Medical School, Changzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Pei Lian
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Human Use Experience Research & Transformation of Menghe Medical School, Changzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, China
| | - Jian-Da Xu
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Human Use Experience Research & Transformation of Menghe Medical School, Changzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, China
| | - Chan-Ming Liu
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Human Use Experience Research & Transformation of Menghe Medical School, Changzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, China
| | - Jia-Li Cai
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Human Use Experience Research & Transformation of Menghe Medical School, Changzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Human Use Experience Research & Transformation of Menghe Medical School, Changzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, China
| | - Di-Jun Wang
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Human Use Experience Research & Transformation of Menghe Medical School, Changzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, China
| | - Li-Bo Luo
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Human Use Experience Research & Transformation of Menghe Medical School, Changzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Yan
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Human Use Experience Research & Transformation of Menghe Medical School, Changzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, China
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Veth TS, Kannegieter NM, de Graaf EL, Ruijtenbeek R, Joore J, Ressa A, Altelaar M. Innovative strategies for measuring kinase activity to accelerate the next wave of novel kinase inhibitors. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:103907. [PMID: 38301799 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.103907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The development of protein kinase inhibitors (PKIs) has gained significance owing to their therapeutic potential for diseases like cancer. In addition, there has been a rise in refining kinase activity assays, each possessing unique biological and analytical characteristics crucial for PKI development. However, the PKI development pipeline experiences high attrition rates and approved PKIs exhibit unexploited potential because of variable patient responses. Enhancing PKI development efficiency involves addressing challenges related to understanding the PKI mechanism of action and employing biomarkers for precision medicine. Selecting appropriate kinase activity assays for these challenges can overcome these attrition rate issues. This review delves into the current obstacles in kinase inhibitor development and elucidates kinase activity assays that can provide solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim S Veth
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands; Netherlands Proteomics Center, Padualaan 8, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | | | - Erik L de Graaf
- Pepscope, Nieuwe Kanaal 7, 6709 PA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jos Joore
- Pepscope, Nieuwe Kanaal 7, 6709 PA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Ressa
- Pepscope, Nieuwe Kanaal 7, 6709 PA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Altelaar
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands; Netherlands Proteomics Center, Padualaan 8, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands.
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Hsia O, Hinterndorfer M, Cowan AD, Iso K, Ishida T, Sundaramoorthy R, Nakasone MA, Imrichova H, Schätz C, Rukavina A, Husnjak K, Wegner M, Correa-Sáez A, Craigon C, Casement R, Maniaci C, Testa A, Kaulich M, Dikic I, Winter GE, Ciulli A. Targeted protein degradation via intramolecular bivalent glues. Nature 2024; 627:204-211. [PMID: 38383787 PMCID: PMC10917667 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07089-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Targeted protein degradation is a pharmacological modality that is based on the induced proximity of an E3 ubiquitin ligase and a target protein to promote target ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. This has been achieved either via proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs)-bifunctional compounds composed of two separate moieties that individually bind the target and E3 ligase, or via molecular glues that monovalently bind either the ligase or the target1-4. Here, using orthogonal genetic screening, biophysical characterization and structural reconstitution, we investigate the mechanism of action of bifunctional degraders of BRD2 and BRD4, termed intramolecular bivalent glues (IBGs), and find that instead of connecting target and ligase in trans as PROTACs do, they simultaneously engage and connect two adjacent domains of the target protein in cis. This conformational change 'glues' BRD4 to the E3 ligases DCAF11 or DCAF16, leveraging intrinsic target-ligase affinities that do not translate to BRD4 degradation in the absence of compound. Structural insights into the ternary BRD4-IBG1-DCAF16 complex guided the rational design of improved degraders of low picomolar potency. We thus introduce a new modality in targeted protein degradation, which works by bridging protein domains in cis to enhance surface complementarity with E3 ligases for productive ubiquitination and degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Hsia
- Centre for Targeted Protein Degradation, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Matthias Hinterndorfer
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Angus D Cowan
- Centre for Targeted Protein Degradation, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Kentaro Iso
- Centre for Targeted Protein Degradation, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
- Tsukuba Research Laboratory, Eisai Co., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tasuku Ishida
- Centre for Targeted Protein Degradation, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
- Tsukuba Research Laboratory, Eisai Co., Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | - Mark A Nakasone
- Centre for Targeted Protein Degradation, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Hana Imrichova
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Caroline Schätz
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Rukavina
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Koraljka Husnjak
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Martin Wegner
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Alejandro Correa-Sáez
- Centre for Targeted Protein Degradation, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Conner Craigon
- Centre for Targeted Protein Degradation, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Ryan Casement
- Centre for Targeted Protein Degradation, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Chiara Maniaci
- Centre for Targeted Protein Degradation, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Andrea Testa
- Centre for Targeted Protein Degradation, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
- Amphista Therapeutics, Cambridge, UK
| | - Manuel Kaulich
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ivan Dikic
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Georg E Winter
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Alessio Ciulli
- Centre for Targeted Protein Degradation, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
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Gul S, Durante-Mangoni E. Unraveling the Puzzle: Health Benefits of Probiotics-A Comprehensive Review. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1436. [PMID: 38592298 PMCID: PMC10935031 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
A growing number of probiotic-containing products are on the market, and their use is increasing. Probiotics are thought to support the health of the gut microbiota, which in turn might prevent or delay the onset of gastrointestinal tract disorders. Obesity, type 2 diabetes, autism, osteoporosis, and some immunological illnesses are among the conditions that have been shown to possibly benefit from probiotics. In addition to their ability to favorably affect diseases, probiotics represent a defense system enhancing intestinal, nutritional, and oral health. Depending on the type of microbial strain utilized, probiotics can have variable beneficial properties. Although many microbial species are available, the most widely employed ones are lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria. The usefulness of these bacteria is dependent on both their origin and their capacity to promote health. Probiotics represent a valuable clinical tool supporting gastrointestinal health, immune system function, and metabolic balance. When used appropriately, probiotics may provide benefits such as a reduced risk of gastrointestinal disorders, enhanced immunity, and improved metabolic health. Most popular probiotics, their health advantages, and their mode of action are the topic of this narrative review article, aimed to provide the reader with a comprehensive reappraisal of this topic matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabiha Gul
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via de Crecchio 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Emanuele Durante-Mangoni
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via de Crecchio 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy;
- Unit of Infectious & Transplant Medicine, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli—Ospedale Monaldi, Piazzale Ettore Ruggieri, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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Akompong SK, Li Y, Gong W, Ye L, Liu J. Recently reported cell migration inhibitors: Opportunities and challenges for antimetastatic agents. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:103906. [PMID: 38309689 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.103906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Antimetastatic agents are highly desirable for cancer treatment because of the severe medical challenges and high mortality resulting from tumor metastasis. Having demonstrated antimetastatic effects in numerous in vitro and in vivo studies, migration inhibitors present significant opportunities for developing a new class of anticancer drugs. To provide a useful overview on the latest research in migration inhibitors, this article first discusses their therapeutic significance, targetable proteins, and developmental avenues. Subsequently it reviews over 20 representative migration inhibitors reported in recent journals in terms of their inhibitory mechanism, potency, and potential clinical utility. The relevance of the target proteins to cellular migratory function is focused on as it is crucial for assessing the overall efficacy of the inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel K Akompong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Yang Li
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Wenxue Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Long Ye
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China.
| | - Jinping Liu
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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Krátký M. Novel sulfonamide derivatives as a tool to combat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Future Med Chem 2024; 16:545-562. [PMID: 38348480 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasing resistance in Staphylococcus aureus has created a critical need for new drugs, especially those effective against methicillin-resistant strains (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA]). Sulfonamides are a privileged scaffold for the development of novel antistaphylococcal agents. This review covers recent advances in sulfonamides active against MRSA. Based on the substitution patterns of sulfonamide moieties, its derivatives can be tuned for desired properties and biological activity. Contrary to the traditional view, not only N-monosubstituted 4-aminobenzenesulfonamides are effective. Novel sulfonamides have various mechanisms of action, not only 'classical' inhibition of the folate biosynthetic pathway. Some of them can overcome resistance to classical sulfa drugs and cotrimoxazole, are bactericidal and active in vivo. Hybrid compounds with distinct bioactive scaffolds are particularly advantageous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Krátký
- Department of Organic & Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 03, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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Wang B, Yang J, Zhao X, Feng X, Xu S, Li P, Li L, Chen Y. Antifungal activity of the botanical compound rhein against Phytophthora capsici and the underlying mechanisms. Pest Manag Sci 2024; 80:1228-1239. [PMID: 37897133 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phytophthora capsici is an extremely destructive phytopathogenic oomycete that causes huge economic losses. However, due to the drug resistance risk and environmental threat of chemical fungicides, it is necessary to develop environmentally friendly biocontrol alternatives. Rhein is a major medicinal ingredient of traditional Chinese herbs, and it is widely used in the medical field. However, its inhibitory effect against phytopathogens is unknown. Herein, the antifungal spectrum of rhein and its possible action mechanism against P. capsici were investigated. RESULTS Rhein possessed broad-spectrum antifungal activity against phytopathogens, particularly P. capsici, Phytophthora infestans, Helminthosporium maydis, and Rhizoctonia solani. Rhein inhibited the mycelial growth as well as the spore germination of P. capsici with mean 50% effective concentration (EC50 ) values of 4.68 μg mL-1 and 6.57 μg mL-1 against 117 P. capsici isolates, respectively. Rhein effectively suppressed the occurrence and spread of Phytophthora blight and significantly destroyed the cell membrane permeability and integrity of P. capsici, corroded its cell wall integrity, and damaged its morphology and ultrastructure. Moreover, rhein caused a considerable reduction in the phospholipid and cellulose contents. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling of P. capsici in response to rhein indicated significant reduction in the expression levels of genes participating in glycerolipid metabolism and starch and sucrose metabolism. Additionally, rhein strengthened the disease defense system of pepper by enhancing related enzyme activities. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that rhein could effectively inhibit P. capsici using multiple mechanisms of action. Rhein has the potential to be an efficient alternative to control diseases caused by P. capsici. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Eco-Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Eco-Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, China
| | - Xingzeng Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Eco-Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Eco-Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, China
| | - Shu Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Eco-Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, China
| | - Pirui Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Eco-Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, China
| | - Linwei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Eco-Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Eco-Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, China
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Dalisay DS, Tenebro CP, Sabido EM, Suarez AFL, Paderog MJV, Reyes-Salarda R, Saludes JP. Marine-Derived Anticancer Agents Targeting Apoptotic Pathways: Exploring the Depths for Novel Cancer Therapies. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:114. [PMID: 38535455 PMCID: PMC10972102 DOI: 10.3390/md22030114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Extensive research has been conducted on the isolation and study of bioactive compounds derived from marine sources. Several natural products have demonstrated potential as inducers of apoptosis and are currently under investigation in clinical trials. These marine-derived compounds selectively interact with extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways using a variety of molecular mechanisms, resulting in cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation, cytoplasmic blebs, apoptotic bodies, and phagocytosis by adjacent parenchymal cells, neoplastic cells, or macrophages. Numerous marine-derived compounds are currently undergoing rigorous examination for their potential application in cancer therapy. This review examines a total of 21 marine-derived compounds, along with their synthetic derivatives, sourced from marine organisms such as sponges, corals, tunicates, mollusks, ascidians, algae, cyanobacteria, fungi, and actinobacteria. These compounds are currently undergoing preclinical and clinical trials to evaluate their potential as apoptosis inducers for the treatment of different types of cancer. This review further examined the compound's properties and mode of action, preclinical investigations, clinical trial studies on single or combination therapy, and the prospective development of marine-derived anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doralyn S. Dalisay
- Center for Chemical Biology and Biotechnology (C2B2), University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines; (C.P.T.); (E.M.S.); (M.J.V.P.)
- Department of Biology, University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines;
- Balik Scientist Program, Department of Science and Technology, Philippine Council for Health Research and Development (DOST-PCHRD), Taguig 1631, Philippines;
| | - Chuckcris P. Tenebro
- Center for Chemical Biology and Biotechnology (C2B2), University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines; (C.P.T.); (E.M.S.); (M.J.V.P.)
| | - Edna M. Sabido
- Center for Chemical Biology and Biotechnology (C2B2), University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines; (C.P.T.); (E.M.S.); (M.J.V.P.)
| | - Angelica Faith L. Suarez
- Center for Natural Drug Discovery and Development (CND3), University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines;
| | - Melissa June V. Paderog
- Center for Chemical Biology and Biotechnology (C2B2), University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines; (C.P.T.); (E.M.S.); (M.J.V.P.)
- Department of Pharmacy, University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines
| | - Rikka Reyes-Salarda
- Department of Biology, University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines;
| | - Jonel P. Saludes
- Balik Scientist Program, Department of Science and Technology, Philippine Council for Health Research and Development (DOST-PCHRD), Taguig 1631, Philippines;
- Center for Natural Drug Discovery and Development (CND3), University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines;
- Department of Chemistry, University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines
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Ni X, Bao H, Guo J, Li D, Wang L, Zhang W, Sun G. Discussion on the mechanism of Danggui Sini decoction in treating diabetic foot based on network pharmacology and molecular docking and verification of the curative effect by meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1347021. [PMID: 38464966 PMCID: PMC10921091 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1347021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The main active components and mechanism of Danggui Sini decoction (DSD) in treating diabetic foot (DF) were studied and verified by network pharmacology and molecular docking. Evidence-based medicine was used to prove its efficacy. Methods The TCMSP systematic pharmacology platform screened out DSD's practical components and targets-screening disease targets in GeneCards database, using Cytoscape 3.7.2 to draw DSD-active ingredient-target network diagram, and drawing the protein interaction network diagram through STRING database. The Metascape platform was used to analyze the GO function enrichment and KEGG signal pathway. The molecular docking experiment was carried out by using Auto Dock vina 4.2. The related literature on DSD in treating DF in China Zhiwang, Wanfang, Weipu, and China Biomedical Literature Database was searched. The literature was screened, data was extracted, and quality was evaluated according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then, a meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results A total of 256 targets of all effective components of DSD were obtained. Among 1,272 disease targets, there are 113 common targets. The GO analysis received 6,179 entries, and the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis found 251 related pathways. The molecular docking results of the main targets of diabetic foot and the active substances of DSD all showed a high docking activity. The meta-analysis included six literature, all of which were randomized controlled experiments. The quality grade of the literature was C, and the results showed that the total effective rate of clinical efficacy in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group. Conclusions DSD may treat DF by participating in biological processes such as cell proliferation regulation, inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress reaction, and promotion of angiogenesis. DSD treats DF through AKT1, TP53, IL6, TNF, VEGFA, and other targets. DSD plays a role in treating DF mainly through the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway and PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. The molecular docking results of AKT1, TP53, IL-6, TNF, and VEGFA with the active substances of DSD show that they all have a high docking activity; among them, VEGFA has a higher docking activity. Compared with conventional treatment, DSD has a high effective rate, short wound healing time, large wound healing area, and high ABI index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyu Ni
- Graduate School, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Huhe Bao
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Jiaxing Guo
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Deer Li
- Traumatic Orthopedics, Ordos Central Hospital, Ordos, China
| | - Lihang Wang
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou Medical College, Baotau, China
| | - Wanyin Zhang
- Graduate School, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Guanwen Sun
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, Hohhot, China
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Torres A, Cameselle C, Otero P, Simal-Gandara J. The Impact of Vitamin D and Its Dietary Supplementation in Breast Cancer Prevention: An Integrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:573. [PMID: 38474702 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is currently a significant public health issue closely linked to numerous diseases, such as breast cancer. This study aims to determine the estimated optimal serum levels of vitamin D to have a protective effect against breast cancer, in addition to exploring the biological mechanisms and risk factors involved. A literature search of articles published in the last 5 years was conducted, and simple statistical analyses using mean and standard deviation were performed to calculate the average concentration of vitamin D from different available studies. It has been observed that serum levels of vitamin D ≥ 40.26 ng/mL ± 14.19 ng/mL could exert a protective effect against breast cancer. Additionally, various biological mechanisms, such as those related to the immune system, and risk factors like diet implicated in this relationship were elucidated. Consequently, it can be concluded that proper serum levels of vitamin D may have a protective effect against breast cancer, and dietary supplementation may be an appropriate procedure to achieve these optimal vitamin D concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antía Torres
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, University de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Carla Cameselle
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, University de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Paz Otero
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, University de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, University de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
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Feng Z, Li H, Hao Y, Peng C, Ou L, Jia J, Xun M, Zou Y, Chen M, Zhang G, Yao M. In vitro anti- Helicobacter pylori activity and the underlining mechanism of an empirical herbal formula - Hezi Qingyou. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1355460. [PMID: 38440143 PMCID: PMC10910045 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1355460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is thought to primarily colonize the human stomach and lead to various gastrointestinal disorders, such as gastritis and gastric cancer. Currently, main eradication treatment is triple or quadruple therapy centered on antibiotics. Due to antibiotic resistance, the eradication rate of H. pylori is decreasing gradually. Therefore, searching for anti-H. pylori drugs from herbal sources has become a strategy for the treatment. Our team proposed a Hezi Qingyou Formula (HZQYF), composed of Chebulae Fructus, Ficus hirta Vahl and Cloves, and studied its anti-H. pylori activity and mechanism. Methods Chemical components of HZQYF were studied using UHPLC-MS/MS and HPLC. Broth microdilution method and agar dilution method were used to evaluate HZQYF's antibacterial activity. The effects of HZQYF on expression of adhesion genes (alpA, alpB, babA), urease genes (ureE, ureF), and flagellar genes (flaA, flaB) were explored using Reverse Transcription-quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) technology. Effects on morphology and permeability of the extracellular membrane were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and N-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine (NPN) uptake. Effect on urease activity was studied using a urease kinetics analysis in vitro. Immunofluorescence staining method was used to examine the effect on adhesion. Western blot was used to examine the effect on cagA protein. Results Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the formula against H. pylori clinical strains and standard strains were 80-160 μg/mL, and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values were 160-320 μg/mL. The formula could down-regulate the expression of adhesion genes (alpA, alpB, babA), urease genes (ureE, ureF) and flagellar genes (flaA, flaB), change the morphology of H. pylori, increase its extracellular membrane permeability, and decrease its urease activity. Conclusion Present studies confirmed that HZQYF had promising in vitro anti-H. pylori activities and demonstrated its possible mechanism of action by down-regulating the bacterial adhesion, urease, and flagellar gene expression, which provided scientific bases for further clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Laboratory in Shandong Province, Shandong New Time Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Laboratory in Shandong Province, Shandong New Time Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Yajie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Laboratory in Shandong Province, Shandong New Time Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Chang Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ling Ou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junwei Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Laboratory in Shandong Province, Shandong New Time Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Mingjin Xun
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Laboratory in Shandong Province, Shandong New Time Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Yuanjing Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meiyun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Laboratory in Shandong Province, Shandong New Time Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Meicun Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Nanchang Research Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangxi, China
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Li F, Liu J, Liu C, Liu Z, Peng X, Huang Y, Chen X, Sun X, Wang S, Chen W, Xiong D, Diao X, Wang S, Zhuang J, Wu C, Wu D. Cyclic peptides discriminate BCL-2 and its clinical mutants from BCL-X L by engaging a single-residue discrepancy. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1476. [PMID: 38368459 PMCID: PMC10874388 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45848-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Overexpressed pro-survival B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) family proteins BCL-2 and BCL-XL can render tumor cells malignant. Leukemia drug venetoclax is currently the only approved selective BCL-2 inhibitor. However, its application has led to an emergence of resistant mutations, calling for drugs with an innovative mechanism of action. Herein we present cyclic peptides (CPs) with nanomolar-level binding affinities to BCL-2 or BCL-XL, and further reveal the structural and functional mechanisms of how these CPs target two proteins in a fashion that is remarkably different from traditional small-molecule inhibitors. In addition, these CPs can bind to the venetoclax-resistant clinical BCL-2 mutants with similar affinities as to the wild-type protein. Furthermore, we identify a single-residue discrepancy between BCL-2 D111 and BCL-XL A104 as a molecular "switch" that can differently engage CPs. Our study suggests that CPs may inhibit BCL-2 or BCL-XL by delicately modulating protein-protein interactions, potentially benefiting the development of next-generation therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengwei Li
- Helmholtz International Lab, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Junjie Liu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Helmholtz International Lab, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Ziyan Liu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xiangda Peng
- Shanghai Zelixir Biotech Company Ltd., Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yinyue Huang
- Helmholtz International Lab, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Helmholtz International Lab, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Xiangnan Sun
- Helmholtz International Lab, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Sen Wang
- Helmholtz International Lab, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Dan Xiong
- Xiamen Lifeint Technology Company Ltd., Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xiaotong Diao
- Helmholtz International Lab, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Shanghai Zelixir Biotech Company Ltd., Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Jingjing Zhuang
- Helmholtz International Lab, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, China
| | - Chuanliu Wu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Dalei Wu
- Helmholtz International Lab, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.
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Al Madhoun A, Koti L, Carrió N, Atari M, Al-Mulla F. Clinical Application of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Preserves β-cells in Type 1 Diabetes. Stem Cells Transl Med 2024; 13:101-106. [PMID: 37950618 PMCID: PMC10872683 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szad077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease associated with complications that reduce the quality of life of affected individuals and their families. The therapeutic options for T1D are limited to insulin therapy and islet transplantation; these options are not focused on preserving β-cell function and endogenous insulin. Despite the promising outcomes observed in current clinical trials involving allogeneic Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) infusion for the management of T1D, the precise underlying mechanism of action remains to be elucidated. In this correspondence, we propose prospective mechanisms of action of WJ-MSCs that may be mediating their observed capability to preserve β-cell function and prevent T1D progression and provide recommendations for further investigations in clinical settings. We also highlight the efficacy of WJ-MSCs for therapeutic applications in comparison to other adult MSCs. Finally, we recommend the participation of muti-centers governed by international organizations to implement guidelines for the safe practice of cell therapy and patients' welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Al Madhoun
- Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait
| | - Lubaina Koti
- Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait
| | - Neus Carrió
- Department of Periodontology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), C/Josep Trueta s/n, Sant Cugat del Valles, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maher Atari
- Biointelligent Technology Systems SL, C/Diputaccion 316, 3D, 08009 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait
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Ferreira FC, Buarque CD, Lopes-Pacheco M. Organic Synthesis and Current Understanding of the Mechanisms of CFTR Modulator Drugs Ivacaftor, Tezacaftor, and Elexacaftor. Molecules 2024; 29:821. [PMID: 38398574 PMCID: PMC10891718 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The monogenic rare disease Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CF transmembrane conductance (CFTR) protein, an anion channel expressed at the apical plasma membrane of epithelial cells. The discovery and subsequent development of CFTR modulators-small molecules acting on the basic molecular defect in CF-have revolutionized the standard of care for people with CF (PwCF), thus drastically improving their clinical features, prognosis, and quality of life. Currently, four of these drugs are approved for clinical use: potentiator ivacaftor (VX-770) alone or in combination with correctors lumacaftor, (VX-809), tezacaftor (VX-661), and elexacaftor (VX-445). Noteworthily, the triple combinatorial therapy composed of ivacaftor, tezacaftor, and elexacaftor constitutes the most effective modulator therapy nowadays for the majority of PwCF. In this review, we exploit the organic synthesis of ivacaftor, tezacaftor, and elexacaftor by providing a retrosynthetic drug analysis for these CFTR modulators. Furthermore, we describe the current understanding of the mechanisms of action (MoA's) of these compounds by discussing several studies that report the key findings on the molecular mechanisms underlying their action on the CFTR protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa C. Ferreira
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Camilla D. Buarque
- Department of Chemistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro 22435-900, RJ, Brazil
| | - Miquéias Lopes-Pacheco
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
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Swebocki T, Kocot AM, Barras A, Arellano H, Bonnaud L, Haddadi K, Fameau AL, Szunerits S, Plotka M, Boukherroub R. Comparison of the Antibacterial Activity of Selected Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) and Deep Eutectic Solvents Comprising Organic Acids (OA-DESs) Toward Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Species. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2303475. [PMID: 38310366 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been intensively investigated in recent years for their antibacterial properties, with DESs that comprise organic acids (OA-DESs) showing promising antibacterial action. However a majority of the reports focused only on a limited number strains and techniques, which is not enough to determine the antibacterial potential of a substance. To bridge this gap, the antibacterial activity of classical DESs and OA-DESs is assessed on twelve Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria strains, with some of them exhibiting specific resistance toward antibiotics. The investigated formulations of OA-DESs comprise glycolic, malic, malonic, and oxalic acids as representatives of this group. Using a range of microbiological assays as well as physicochemical characterization methods, a major difference of the effectiveness between the two groups is demonstrated, with OA-DESs exhibiting, as expected, greater antibacterial effectiveness than classical DESs. Most interestingly, slight differences in the minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentration values as well as time-kill kinetics profiles are observed between Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains. Transmission electron microscopy analysis reveals the effect of the treatment of the bacteria with the representatives of both groups of DESs, which allows us to better understand the possible mechanism-of-action of these novel materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Swebocki
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520 - IEMN - Institut d'Electronique de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, Lille, 59000, France
| | - Aleksandra M Kocot
- Laboratory of Extremophiles Biology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, Gdańsk, 80-308, Poland
| | - Alexandre Barras
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520 - IEMN - Institut d'Electronique de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, Lille, 59000, France
| | - Helena Arellano
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INRAe, UMR 8207 - UMET - Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Centrale Lille, Lille, 59000, France
| | - Leila Bonnaud
- Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials, Materia Nova Innovation Center in Materials of the University of Mons, 3 Avenue Nicolas Copernic, Mons, B-7000, Belgium
| | - Kamel Haddadi
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520 - IEMN - Institut d'Electronique de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, Lille, 59000, France
| | - Anne-Laure Fameau
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INRAe, UMR 8207 - UMET - Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Centrale Lille, Lille, 59000, France
| | - Sabine Szunerits
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520 - IEMN - Institut d'Electronique de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, Lille, 59000, France
| | - Magdalena Plotka
- Laboratory of Extremophiles Biology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, Gdańsk, 80-308, Poland
| | - Rabah Boukherroub
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520 - IEMN - Institut d'Electronique de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, Lille, 59000, France
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Huang H, Zhao H, Wenqing L, Xu F, Wang X, Yao Y, Huang Y. Prospect of research on anti-atherosclerosis effect of main components of traditional Chinese medicine Yiqi Huoxue Huatan recipe through gut microbiota: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37104. [PMID: 38306512 PMCID: PMC10843552 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence and mortality rates of cardiovascular diseases are on the rise globally, posing a severe threat to human health. Atherosclerosis (AS) is considered a multi-factorial inflammatory disease and the main pathological basis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, as well as the leading cause of death. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota can induce and exacerbate inflammatory reactions, accelerate metabolic disorders and immune function decline, and affect the progression and prognosis of AS-related diseases. The Chinese herbal medicine clinicians frequently utilize Yiqi Huoxue Huatan recipe, an effective therapeutic approach for the management of AS. This article reviews the correlation between the main components of Yiqi Huoxue Huatan recipe and the gut microbiota and AS to provide new directions and a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanjun Zhao
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lv Wenqing
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feiyue Xu
- Shanghai Pudong New District Pudong Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yili Yao
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Li X, Li X, Liao L. Mechanism of Action of Tibial Nerve Stimulation in the Treatment of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction. Neuromodulation 2024; 27:256-266. [PMID: 37178068 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurom.2023.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Tibial nerve stimulation (TNS) has long been used to effectively treat lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD). Although numerous studies have concentrated on TNS, its mechanism of action remains elusive. This review aimed to concentrate on the mechanism of action of TNS against LUTD. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was performed in PubMed on October 31, 2022. In this study, we introduced the application of TNS for LUTD, summarized different methods used in exploring the mechanism of TNS, and discussed the next direction to investigate the mechanism of TNS. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS In this review, 97 studies, including clinical studies, animal experiments, and reviews, were used. TNS is an effective treatment for LUTD. The study of its mechanisms primarily concentrated on the central nervous system, tibial nerve pathway, receptors, and TNS frequency. More advanced equipment will be used in human experiments to investigate the central mechanism, and diverse animal experiments will be performed to explore the peripheral mechanism and parameters of TNS in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunhua Li
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Department of Urology, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China; University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xing Li
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Department of Urology, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Limin Liao
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Department of Urology, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China; University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China; China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China.
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Wang TT, Yang DL, Han N, Yin J. [Research progress in pharmacological effects of Gypsum Fibrosum and material basis for its heat-clearing effect]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2024; 49:853-857. [PMID: 38621892 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20231204.601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Gypsum Fibrosum, as a classic heat-clearing medicine, is widely used in the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). However, debates exist about the material basis and mechanism of its efficacy. Therefore, this paper reviewed the recent research progress in the heat-clearing effect and mechanism of Gypsum Fibrosum and discussed the material basis for the heat-clearing effect of this medicine. Ca~(2+) may inhibit the upward movement of temperature set point by regulating the Na~+/Ca~(2+) level in the heat-regulating center. Moreover, trace elements may inhibit the rise of body temperature by regulating the immune system, promoting the absorption of Ca~(2+), and affecting the synthesis of prostaglandin E2(PGE2). This review aims to enrich the knowledge about the mechanism of Gypsum Fibrosum in clearing heat and provides a scientific basis for the clinical application and further development of Gypsum Fibrosum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao-Tao Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang 110016,China
| | - De-Lin Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang 110016,China
| | - Na Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang 110016,China
| | - Jun Yin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang 110016,China
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Huete-Carrasco J, Lynch RI, Ward RW, Lavelle EC. Rational design of polymer-based particulate vaccine adjuvants. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2350512. [PMID: 37994660 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Vaccination is considered one of the major milestones in modern medicine, facilitating the control and eradication of life-threatening infectious diseases. Vaccine adjuvants are a key component of many vaccines, serving to steer antigen-specific immune responses and increase their magnitude. Despite major advances in the field of adjuvant research over recent decades, our understanding of their mechanism of action remains incomplete. This hinders our capacity to further improve these adjuvant technologies, so addressing how adjuvants induce and control the induction of innate and adaptive immunity is a priority. Investigating how adjuvant physicochemical properties, such as size and charge, exert immunomodulatory effects can provide valuable insights and serve as the foundation for the rational design of vaccine adjuvants. Most clinically applied adjuvants are particulate in nature and polymeric particulate adjuvants present advantages due to stability, biocompatibility profiles, and flexibility in terms of formulation. These properties can impact on antigen release kinetics and biodistribution, cellular uptake and targeting, and drainage to the lymphatics, consequently dictating the induction of innate, cellular, and humoral adaptive immunity. A current focus is to apply rational design principles to the development of adjuvants capable of eliciting robust cellular immune responses including CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell and Th1-biased CD4+ T-cell responses, which are required for vaccines against intracellular pathogens and cancer. This review highlights recent advances in our understanding of how particulate adjuvants, especially polymer-based particulates, modulate immune responses and how this can be used as a guide for improved adjuvant design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Huete-Carrasco
- Adjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Roisin I Lynch
- Adjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) & Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ross W Ward
- Adjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ed C Lavelle
- Adjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) & Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Liu X, Lv X, Ji T, Hu H, Chang L. Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino extract induces hair growth and exhibits an anti-graying effect via multiple mechanisms. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024; 23:648-657. [PMID: 37649302 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In traditional Asian medicine, Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino leaf extract (Gp) is used to treat aging, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. Hair loss and hair-graying are common phenomena that haunt everyone. However, whether Gp activities on inhibition of hair loss and getting gray have been rarely studied. AIM Study the Gp activity and mechanism by in vivo and in vitro experiments to explore its application on hair health. METHODS In the present study, we determined the effects of Gp on the expression of hair growth-related genes and proliferation of human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs). Furthermore, Gp was topically applied to the hair-shaved skin of male C57BL/6 mice, and the histological profile of the skin was studied. Because emotional stress may lead to melanocyte disappearance, norepinephrine-exposed mice B16 melanocytes were treated with Gp to elucidate the anti-hair graying capacity of Gp in response to this stress type. RESULTS Gp stimulated the proliferation of hDPCs and the Wnt signaling pathways associated with hair growth; furthermore, the expression of the hair loss-related gene transforming growth factor-β1 was suppressed. Gp treatment significantly increased the size of hair follicles in the treated mice and stimulated them. Moreover, Gp not only increased melanin synthesis but also tyrosinase activity in B16 cells. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that Gp increased melanin synthesis by increasing the expression of tyrosine-related protein-1, tyrosine-related protein-2, tyrosinase, and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor. CONCLUSION Our study provides preclinical evidence regarding the potential of Gp as a promising hair growth and anti-graying agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojin Liu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Xiaobing Lv
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Tiancheng Ji
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Haoya Hu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Lei Chang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
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40
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Shen C, Luo Z, Zhan P, Deng F, Zhang P, Shen B, Hu J. Antifungal activity and potential mechanism of action of Huangqin decoction against Trichophyton rubrum. J Med Microbiol 2024; 73. [PMID: 38348868 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Trichophyton rubrum is a major causative agent of superficial dermatomycoses such as onychomycosis and tinea pedis. Huangqin decoction (HQD), as a classical traditional Chinese medicine formula, was found to inhibit the growth of common clinical dermatophytes such as T. rubrum in our previous drug susceptibility experiments.Hypothesis/Gap Statement. The antifungal activity and potential mechanism of HQD against T. rubrum have not yet been investigated.Aim. The aim of this study was to investigate the antifungal activity and explore the potential mechanism of action of HQD against T. rubrum.Methodology. The present study was performed to evaluate the antifungal activity of HQD against T. rubrum by determination of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs), minimal fungicidal concentrations (MFCs), mycelial growth, biomass, spore germination and structural damage, and explore its preliminary anti-dermatophyte mechanisms by sorbitol and ergosterol assay, HPLC-based ergosterol test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and mitochondrial enzyme activity test.Results. HQD was able to inhibit the growth of T. rubrum significantly, with an MIC of 3.125 mg ml-1 and an MFC of 12.5 mg ml-1. It also significantly inhibited the hyphal growth, conidia germination and biomass growth of T. rubrum in a dose-dependent manner, and induced structural damage in different degrees for T. rubrum cells. HQD showed no effect on cell wall integrity, but was able to damage the cell membrane of T. rubrum by interfering with ergosterol biosynthesis, involving the reduction of squalene epoxidase (SE) and sterol 14α-demethylase P450 (CYP51) activities, and also affect the malate dehydrogenase (MDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and ATPase activities of mitochondria.Conclusion. These results revealed that HQD had significant anti-dermatophyte activity, which was associated with destroying the cell membrane and affecting the enzyme activities of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengying Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College), Nanchang, PR China
| | - Zhong Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Nanochang University, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Ping Zhan
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Fengyi Deng
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College), Nanchang, PR China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College), Nanchang, PR China
| | - Baode Shen
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Jianxin Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College), Nanchang, PR China
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Baumann P, Jin Y. Far-reaching effects of tyrosine64 phosphorylation on Ras revealed with BeF 3- complexes. Commun Chem 2024; 7:19. [PMID: 38297137 PMCID: PMC10830474 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01105-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine phosphorylation on Ras by Src kinase is known to uncouple Ras from upstream regulation and downstream communication. However, the mechanisms by which phosphorylation modulates these interactions have not been detailed. Here, the major mono-phosphorylation level on tyrosine64 is quantified by 31P NMR and mutagenesis. Crystal structures of unphosphorylated and tyrosine64-phosphorylated Ras in complex with a BeF3- ground state analogue reveal "closed" Ras conformations very different from those of the "open" conformations previously observed for non-hydrolysable GTP analogue structures of Ras. They deliver new mechanistic and conformational insights into intrinsic GTP hydrolysis. Phosphorylation of tyrosine64 delivers conformational changes distant from the active site, showing why phosphorylated Ras has reduced affinity to its downstream effector Raf. 19F NMR provides evidence for changes in the intrinsic GTPase and nucleotide exchange rate and identifies the concurrent presence of a major "closed" conformation alongside a minor yet functionally important "open" conformation at the ground state of Ras. This study expands the application of metal fluoride complexes in revealing major and minor conformational changes of dynamic and modified Ras proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Baumann
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Yi Jin
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK.
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK.
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Schäfer AB, Sidarta M, Abdelmesseh Nekhala I, Marinho Righetto G, Arshad A, Wenzel M. Dissecting antibiotic effects on the cell envelope using bacterial cytological profiling: a phenotypic analysis starter kit. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0327523. [PMID: 38289933 PMCID: PMC10913488 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03275-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic analysis assays such as bacterial cytological profiling (BCP) have become increasingly popular for antibiotic mode of action analysis. A plethora of dyes, protein fusions, and reporter strains are available and have been used for this purpose, enabling both rapid mode of action categorization and in-depth analysis of antibiotic mechanisms. However, non-expert researchers may struggle choosing suitable assays and interpreting results. This is a particular problem for antibiotics that have multiple or complex targets, such as the bacterial cell envelope. Here, we set out to curate a minimal set of accessible and affordable phenotypic assays that allow distinction between membrane and cell wall targets, can identify dual-action inhibitors, and can be implemented in most research environments. To this end, we employed BCP, membrane potential, fluidity, and cell wall synthesis assays. To assess specificity and ease of interpretation, we tested three well-characterized and commercially available reference antibiotics: the potassium ionophore valinomycin, the lipid II-binding glycopeptide vancomycin, and the dual-action lantibiotic nisin, which binds lipid II and forms a membrane pore. Based on our experiments, we suggest a minimal set of BCP, a membrane-potentiometric probe, and fluorescent protein fusions to MinD and MreB as basic assay set and recommend complementing these assays with Laurdan-based fluidity measurements and a PliaI reporter fusion, where indicated. We believe that our results can provide guidance for researchers who wish to use phenotypic analysis for mode of action studies but do not possess the specialized equipment or expert knowledge to employ the full breadth of possible techniques.IMPORTANCEPhenotypic analysis assays using specialized fluorescence fusions and dyes have become increasingly popular in antibiotic mode of action analysis. However, it can be difficult to implement these methods due to the need for specialized equipment and/or the complexity of bacterial cell biology and physiology, making the interpretation of results difficult for non-experts. This is especially problematic for compounds that have multiple or pleiotropic effects, such as inhibitors of the bacterial cell envelope. In order to make phenotypic analysis assays accessible to labs, whose primary expertise is not bacterial cell biology, or with limited equipment and resources, a set of simple and broadly accessible assays is needed that is easy to implement, execute, and interpret. Here, we have curated a set of assays and strains that does not need highly specialized equipment, can be performed in most labs, and is straightforward to interpret without knowing the intricacies of bacterial cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Britt Schäfer
- Division of Chemical Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Center for Antibiotic Resistance Research in Gothenburg (CARe), Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Margareth Sidarta
- Division of Chemical Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Center for Antibiotic Resistance Research in Gothenburg (CARe), Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ireny Abdelmesseh Nekhala
- Division of Chemical Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gabriela Marinho Righetto
- Division of Chemical Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Center for Antibiotic Resistance Research in Gothenburg (CARe), Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Aysha Arshad
- Division of Chemical Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Michaela Wenzel
- Division of Chemical Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Center for Antibiotic Resistance Research in Gothenburg (CARe), Gothenburg, Sweden
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Bergamo A, Sava G. Lysozyme: A Natural Product with Multiple and Useful Antiviral Properties. Molecules 2024; 29:652. [PMID: 38338396 PMCID: PMC10856218 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Lysozyme, especially the one obtained from hen's egg white, continues to show new pharmacological properties. The fact that only a few of these properties can be translated into therapeutic applications is due to the lack of suitable clinical studies. However, this lack cannot hide the evidence that is emerging from scientific research. This review for the first time examines, from a pharmacological point of view, all the relevant studies on the antiviral properties of lysozyme, analyzing its possible mechanism of action and its ability to block viral infections and, in some cases, inhibit viral replication. Lysozyme can interact with nucleic acids and alter their function, but this effect is uncoupled from the catalytic activity that determines its antibacterial activity; it is present in intact lysozyme but is equally potent in a heat-degraded lysozyme or in a nonapeptide isolated by proteolytic digestion. An analysis of the literature shows that lysozyme can be used both as a disinfectant for raw and processed foods and as a drug to combat viral infections in animals and humans. To summarize, it can be said that lysozyme has important antiviral properties, as already suspected in the initial studies conducted over 50 years ago, and it should be explored in suitable clinical studies on humans.
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Ouyang X, Hoeksma J, Beenker WA, van der Beek S, den Hertog J. Harzianic acid exerts antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and targets the cell membrane. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1332774. [PMID: 38348189 PMCID: PMC10860749 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1332774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The thermophilic fungus Oidiodendron flavum is a saprobe that is commonly isolated from soil. Here, we identified a Gram-positive bacteria-selective antimicrobial secondary metabolite from this fungal species, harzianic acid (HA). Using Bacillus subtilis strain 168 combined with dynamic bacterial morphology imaging, we found that HA targeted the cell membrane. To further study the antimicrobial activity of HA, we isolated an HA-resistant strain, Bacillus subtilis strain M9015, and discovered that the mutant had more translucent colonies than the wild type strain, showed cross resistance to rifampin, and harbored five mutations in the coding region of four distinct genes. Further analysis of these genes indicated that the mutation in atpE might be responsible for the translucency of the colonies, and mutation in mdtR for resistance to both HA and rifampin. We conclude that HA is an antimicrobial agent against Gram-positive bacteria that targets the cell membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Ouyang
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Institute Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jelmer Hoeksma
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Wouter A.G. Beenker
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Jeroen den Hertog
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Institute Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
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45
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Pang Z, Cravatt BF, Ye L. Deciphering Drug Targets and Actions with Single-Cell and Spatial Resolution. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 64:507-526. [PMID: 37722721 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-033123-123610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in chemical, molecular, and genetic approaches have provided us with an unprecedented capacity to identify drug-target interactions across the whole proteome and genome. Meanwhile, rapid developments of single-cell and spatial omics technologies are revolutionizing our understanding of the molecular architecture of biological systems. However, a significant gap remains in how we align our understanding of drug actions, traditionally based on molecular affinities, with the in vivo cellular and spatial tissue heterogeneity revealed by these newer techniques. Here, we review state-of-the-art methods for profiling drug-target interactions and emerging multiomics tools to delineate the tissue heterogeneity at single-cell resolution. Highlighting the recent technical advances enabling high-resolution, multiplexable in situ small-molecule drug imaging (clearing-assisted tissue click chemistry, or CATCH), we foresee the integration of single-cell and spatial omics platforms, data, and concepts into the future framework of defining and understanding in vivo drug-target interactions and mechanisms of actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyuan Pang
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA;
| | - Benjamin F Cravatt
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA;
| | - Li Ye
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA;
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
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Falkenstern L, Georgi V, Bunse S, Badock V, Husemann M, Roehn U, Stellfeld T, Fitzgerald M, Ferrara S, Stöckigt D, Stresemann C, Hartung IV, Fernández-Montalván A. A miniaturized mode-of-action profiling platform enables high throughput characterization of the molecular and cellular dynamics of EZH2 inhibition. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1739. [PMID: 38242973 PMCID: PMC10799085 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50964-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The market approval of Tazemetostat (TAZVERIK) for the treatment of follicular lymphoma and epithelioid sarcoma has established "enhancer of zeste homolog 2" (EZH2) as therapeutic target in oncology. Despite their structural similarities and common mode of inhibition, Tazemetostat and other EZH2 inhibitors display differentiated pharmacological profiles based on their target residence time. Here we established high throughput screening methods based on time-resolved fluorescence energy transfer, scintillation proximity and high content analysis microscopy to quantify the biochemical and cellular binding of a chemically diverse collection of EZH2 inhibitors. These assays allowed to further characterize the interplay between EZH2 allosteric modulation by methylated histone tails (H3K27me3) and inhibitor binding, and to evaluate the impact of EZH2's clinically relevant mutant Y641N on drug target residence times. While all compounds in this study exhibited slower off-rates, those with clinical candidate status display significantly slower target residence times in wild type EZH2 and disease-related mutants. These inhibitors interact in a more entropy-driven fashion and show the most persistent effects in cellular washout and antiproliferative efficacy experiments. Our work provides mechanistic insights for the largest cohort of EZH2 inhibitors reported to date, demonstrating that-among several other binding parameters-target residence time is the best predictor of cellular efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilia Falkenstern
- Bayer AG, Müllerstrasse 178, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Rentschler Biopharma SE, Erwin-Rentschler-Straße 21, 88471, Laupheim, Germany
| | - Victoria Georgi
- Bayer AG, Müllerstrasse 178, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Nuvisan Innovation Campus Berlin, Müllerstrasse 178, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Bunse
- Bayer AG, Müllerstrasse 178, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Nuvisan Innovation Campus Berlin, Müllerstrasse 178, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Badock
- Bayer AG, Müllerstrasse 178, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Nuvisan Innovation Campus Berlin, Müllerstrasse 178, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Ulrike Roehn
- Bayer AG, Müllerstrasse 178, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Nuvisan Innovation Campus Berlin, Müllerstrasse 178, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Timo Stellfeld
- Bayer AG, Müllerstrasse 178, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Nuvisan Innovation Campus Berlin, Müllerstrasse 178, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mark Fitzgerald
- Bayer AG, Müllerstrasse 178, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Nested Therapeutics, 1030 Massachusetts Avenue, Suite 410, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Steven Ferrara
- Broad Institute, Merkin Building, 415 Main St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Detlef Stöckigt
- Bayer AG, Müllerstrasse 178, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Nuvisan Innovation Campus Berlin, Müllerstrasse 178, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carlo Stresemann
- Bayer AG, Müllerstrasse 178, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Nuvisan Innovation Campus Berlin, Müllerstrasse 178, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ingo V Hartung
- Bayer AG, Müllerstrasse 178, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, 64293, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Amaury Fernández-Montalván
- Bayer AG, Müllerstrasse 178, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorfer Str. 65, 88400, Biberach an der Riß, Germany.
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Du Y, Chi X, Wang Y, Cai X, Zeng W, Huo Y, Zhang M, Wang Z, Guo Z, Qiu J, Ma Z, Zhang W, Zhu J, Yang C. Advancements in the ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway Affecting Male Reproduction. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2024; 29:23. [PMID: 38287801 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2901023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Male infertility, age-related changes, and tumors have been increasingly studied in the field of male reproductive health due to the emergence of environmental stressors, declining fertility rates, and aging populations. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the ERK1/2 signaling pathway plays a significant role in male reproduction. The ERK1/2 pathway is associated with several signaling pathways and has a complex interplay that influences the spermatogenic microenvironment, sperm viability, gonadal axis regulation, as well as resistance to testicular aging and tumors. Moreover, the ERK1/2 pathway directly or indirectly regulates testicular somatic cells, which are crucial for maintaining spermatogenesis and microenvironment regulation. Given the critical role of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway in male reproductive health, comprehensive exploration of its multifaceted effects on male reproduction and underlying mechanisms is necessary. This study aims to provide a solid foundation for in-depth research in the field of male reproduction and further enhance the reproductive health of males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikuan Du
- Central Laboratory, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, 523059 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianhong Chi
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, 523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuni Wang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, 523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaolin Cai
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, 523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenqi Zeng
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, 523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuying Huo
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, 523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengting Zhang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, 523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenjie Wang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, 523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuoming Guo
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, 523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingnan Qiu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, 523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhendong Ma
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, 523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Weichui Zhang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, 523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinfeng Zhu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, 523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, 523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Guangdong Medical University, 523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
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Dube NP, Thatyana M, Mokgalaka-Fleischmann NS, Mansour AM, Tembu VJ, Manicum ALE. Review on the Applications of Selected Metal-Based Complexes on Infectious Diseases. Molecules 2024; 29:406. [PMID: 38257319 PMCID: PMC10819944 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Fatalities caused by infectious diseases (i.e., diseases caused by parasite, bacteria, and viruses) have become reinstated as a major public health threat globally. Factors such as antimicrobial resistance and viral complications are the key contributors to the death numbers. As a result, new compounds with structural diversity classes are critical for controlling the virulence of pathogens that are multi-drug resistant. Derivatization of bio-active organic molecules with organometallic synthons is a promising strategy for modifying the inherent and enhanced properties of biomolecules. Due to their redox chemistry, bioactivity, and structural diversity, organometallic moieties make excellent candidates for lead structures in drug development. Furthermore, organometallic compounds open an array of potential in therapy that existing organic molecules lack, i.e., their ability to fulfill drug availability and resolve the frequent succumbing of organic molecules to drug resistance. Additionally, metal complexes have the potential towards metal-specific modes of action, preventing bacteria from developing resistance mechanisms. This review's main contribution is to provide a thorough account of the biological efficacy (in vitro and in vitro) of metal-based complexes against infectious diseases. This resource can also be utilized in conjunction with corresponding journals on metal-based complexes investigated against infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nondumiso P. Dube
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, 175 Nelson Mandela Drive, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (N.P.D.); (M.T.); (N.S.M.-F.); (V.J.T.)
| | - Maxwell Thatyana
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, 175 Nelson Mandela Drive, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (N.P.D.); (M.T.); (N.S.M.-F.); (V.J.T.)
| | - Ntebogeng S. Mokgalaka-Fleischmann
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, 175 Nelson Mandela Drive, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (N.P.D.); (M.T.); (N.S.M.-F.); (V.J.T.)
| | - Ahmed M. Mansour
- Department of Chemistry, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Vuyelwa J. Tembu
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, 175 Nelson Mandela Drive, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (N.P.D.); (M.T.); (N.S.M.-F.); (V.J.T.)
| | - Amanda-Lee E. Manicum
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, 175 Nelson Mandela Drive, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (N.P.D.); (M.T.); (N.S.M.-F.); (V.J.T.)
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Yao Y, Liu Y, Xu Q, Mao L. Short Chain Fatty Acids: Essential Weapons of Traditional Medicine in Treating Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Molecules 2024; 29:379. [PMID: 38257292 PMCID: PMC10818876 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and recurrent intestinal inflammatory disease, mainly including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). In recent years, the incidence and prevalence of IBD have been on the rise worldwide and have become a significant concern of health and a huge economic burden on patients. The occurrence and development of IBD involve a variety of pathogenic factors. The changes in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are considered to be an important pathogenic mechanism of this disease. SCFAs are important metabolites in the intestinal microbial environment, which are closely involved in regulating immune, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory activities. Changes in metabolite levels can reflect the homeostasis of the intestinal microflora. Recent studies have shown that SCFAs provide energy for host cells and intestinal microflora, shape the intestinal environment, and regulate the immune system, thereby regulating intestinal physiology. SCFAs can effectively reduce the incidence of enteritis, cardiovascular disease, colon cancer, obesity, and diabetes, and also play an important role in maintaining the balance of energy metabolism (mainly glucose metabolism) and improving insulin tolerance. In recent years, many studies have shown that numerous decoctions and natural compounds of traditional Chinese medicine have shown promising therapeutic activities in multiple animal models of colitis and thus attracted increasing attention from scientists in the study of IBD treatment. Some of these traditional Chinese medicines or compounds can effectively alleviate colonic inflammation and clinical symptoms by regulating the generation of SCFAs. This study reviews the effects of various traditional Chinese medicines or bioactive substances on the production of SCFAs and their potential impacts on the severity of colonic inflammation. On this basis, we discussed the mechanism of SCFAs in regulating IBD-associated inflammation, as well as the related regulatory factors and signaling pathways. In addition, we provide our understanding of the limitations of current research and the prospects for future studies on the development of new IBD therapies by targeting SCFAs. This review may widen our understanding of the effect of traditional medicine from the view of SCFAs and their role in alleviating IBD animal models, thus contributing to the studies of IBD researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yao
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yongchao Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Qiuyun Xu
- Basic Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Liming Mao
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.L.)
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Yuguang G, Deqing H, Jie Z, Yujuan M, Kan Y, Yuxiong L, Qiong Z, Qiqi L. Use of Network Pharmacology and Experiment Validation to Uncover the Mechanism of Jianshen Lishui Prescription in the Treatment of Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:CCHTS-EPUB-137257. [PMID: 38243958 DOI: 10.2174/0113862073256436231031100059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a Chinese medicinal formula, the Jianshen Lishui prescription has been clinically proven to be effective in treating intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Yet, the mechanisms involved are unknown. METHODS (1) Network pharmacology analysis: It involved the screening of active components in the Jianshen Lishui prescription, identification of potential targets for these components, and the screening of ICH-related targets. Common targets for both disease and drug were identified. Protein- protein interaction networks were constructed, followed by further screening of core targets. Gene Ontology(GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes( KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed on these core targets. Finally, molecular docking verification was carried out using the active components and core targets. (2) Experimental verification: It was conducted using a rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage. This involved observing neurological deficit scores in the rats and measuring cerebral water content. The effects of Jianshen Lishui prescription on the neurological function, cerebral water content, and brain tissue core targets were observed through HE staining, Western blot and qPCR. RESULTS (1) In this study, 29 common targets were obtained by intersecting 256 potential drug targets and 642 genes associated with ICH. 9 core targets were obtained by employing the protein- protein interaction (PPI) construction system to screen more specific targets. In addition, the findings revealed that the molecular mechanism of Jianshen Lishui prescription in treating ICH was mainly related to cancer signaling pathways and signal transduction pathways, based on the results of GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Molecular docking results showed that the active constituent of Jianshen Lishui prescription mannitol has the highest binding activity with KRAS, luteolin, and Poria sterol with AR, INS1 and KRAS, cerebrosterol with GNB1, INS and ESR1, and sitosterol with AR, INS1 and KRAS. (2) Animal experiments verified that Jianshen Lishui prescription significantly alleviated encephaledema and improved nerve functions of the rat model of ICH. And INS1 expression levels were upregulated and the expression levels of AR, KRAS, PTGS2, and ESR1 were down-regulated by the prescription. CONCLUSION Jianshen Lishui prescription protects the nerve function of ICH patients by inhibiting inflammation and reducing cerebral edema. This study provides more supportive evidences for the clinical use of traditional Chinese prescriptions in ICH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao Yuguang
- Neurology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Huang Deqing
- Neurology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Zhong Jie
- Neurology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Ma Yujuan
- Neurology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yang Kan
- Neurology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Liao Yuxiong
- Neurology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Zhu Qiong
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Liu Qiqi
- Neurology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
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