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Kalinin V, Padnya P, Stoikov I. Romanowsky staining: history, recent advances and future prospects from a chemistry perspective. Biotech Histochem 2024; 99:1-20. [PMID: 37929609 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2023.2273860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Romanowsky staining was an important methodological breakthrough in diagnostic hematology and cytopathology during the late 19th and early 20th centuries; it has facilitated for decades the work of biologists, hematologists and pathologists working with blood cells. Despite more than a century of studying Romanowsky staining, no systematic review has been published that explains the chemical processes that produce the "Romanowsky effect" or "Romanowsky-Giemsa effect" (RGE), i.e., a purple coloration arising from the interaction of an azure dye with eosin and not due merely to their simultaneous presence. Our review is an attempt to build a bridge between chemists and biomedical scientists and to summarize the available data on methylene blue (MB) demethylation as well as the related reduction and decomposition of MB to simpler compounds by both light and enzyme systems and microorganisms. To do this, we analyze modern data on the mechanisms of MB demethylation both in the presence of acids and bases and by disproportionation due to the action of light. We also offer an explanation for why the RGE occurs only when azure B, or to a lesser extent, azure A is present by applying experimental and calculated physicochemical parameters including dye-DNA binding constants and electron density distributions in the molecules of these ligands. Finally, we discuss modern techniques for obtaining new varieties of Romanowsky dyes by modifying previously known ones. We hope that our critical literature study will help scientists understand better the chemical and physicochemical processes and mechanisms of cell staining with such dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriy Kalinin
- A.M. Butlerov' Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Pavel Padnya
- A.M. Butlerov' Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Ivan Stoikov
- A.M. Butlerov' Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
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Baytar O. Facile green synthesis of a novel NiO and its catalytic effect on methylene blue photocatalytic reduction and sodium borohydride hydrolysis. Int J Phytoremediation 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38634226 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2024.2338470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
NiO nanoparticles were synthesized from pine cone extract by green synthesis method, which is a simple, cost-effective, environmentally friendly and sustainable method. The particle size of NiO nanoparticles was determined to be in the range of 10-25 nm by X-diffraction differential and transmission electron microscope analysis, and the bandgap energy of NiO nanoparticles was determined to be 2.66 eV. The catalytic effect of NiO nanoparticles in both microwave-assisted sodium borohydride hydrolysis and photocatalytic reduction of methylene blue was examined and it was determined that they had a high catalytic effect in both applications. It was determined that the hydrogen production rate in sodium borohydride hydrolysis was 1135 mL/g/min. The activation energy of sodium borohydride hydrolysis is 29.69 kJ/mol and 29.59 kJ/mol for the nth-order and Langmuir Hinshelwood kinetic models, respectively. In the photocatalytic reduction of methylene blue with NaBH4, it was determined that the reduction did not occur in the absence of a catalyst, but in the presence of the catalyst, the reduction occurred 98% in 3 min. It was determined that NiO nanoparticles were used five times in the photocatalytic reduction of methylene blue and the reduction efficiency for the fifth time was 93%. It was determined that the photocatalytic reduction of methylene blue was pseudo-first order and the rate constant was 1.63 s-1. It was determined that NiO nanoparticles synthesized by the environmentally friendly green synthesis method can be used as catalysts for two different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orhan Baytar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
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Silva CS, Tonelli FMP, Delgado VMS, Lourenço VDO, Pinto GDC, Azevedo LS, Lima LARDS, Furtado CA, Ferreira DRC, Tonelli FCP, Parreira AG. Nanoremediation and Antioxidant Potential of Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Leucena's Leaves, Stem, and Fruits. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3993. [PMID: 38612800 PMCID: PMC11012344 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Synthetic dyes are persistent organic environmental pollutants that can cause extensive damage to living beings and to the ecosystem as a whole. Cost-effective, sustainable, and efficient strategies to deal with this type of pollution are necessary as it commonly resists conventional water treatment methods. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized using the aqueous extract from the leaves, stem, and fruits of Leucaena leucocephala (Leucena) were produced and characterized through UV-vis, TEM, EDS, SDL, XPS, XRD, and zeta potential, and they proved to be able to promote adsorption to remediate methylene blue and tartrazine pollution in water. The nanoremediation was performed and did not require direct exposure to sunlight or any special lamp or a specific reduction agent. The AgNPs produced using the extract from the leaves exhibited the best performance in nanoremediation and also presented antioxidant activity that surpassed the one from butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Consequently, it is an interesting nanotool to use in dye nanoremediation and/or as an antioxidant nanostructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Santos Silva
- Biotechnological Processes Laboratory, Centro-Oeste Campus, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Divinópolis 35501-296, MG, Brazil; (C.S.S.); (V.M.S.D.); (V.d.O.L.); (G.d.C.P.); (F.C.P.T.)
| | - Fernanda Maria Policarpo Tonelli
- Biotechnological Processes Laboratory, Centro-Oeste Campus, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Divinópolis 35501-296, MG, Brazil; (C.S.S.); (V.M.S.D.); (V.d.O.L.); (G.d.C.P.); (F.C.P.T.)
| | - Vinicius Marx Silva Delgado
- Biotechnological Processes Laboratory, Centro-Oeste Campus, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Divinópolis 35501-296, MG, Brazil; (C.S.S.); (V.M.S.D.); (V.d.O.L.); (G.d.C.P.); (F.C.P.T.)
| | - Vitória de Oliveira Lourenço
- Biotechnological Processes Laboratory, Centro-Oeste Campus, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Divinópolis 35501-296, MG, Brazil; (C.S.S.); (V.M.S.D.); (V.d.O.L.); (G.d.C.P.); (F.C.P.T.)
| | - Geicielly da Costa Pinto
- Biotechnological Processes Laboratory, Centro-Oeste Campus, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Divinópolis 35501-296, MG, Brazil; (C.S.S.); (V.M.S.D.); (V.d.O.L.); (G.d.C.P.); (F.C.P.T.)
| | - Lucas Santos Azevedo
- Phytochemistry Laboratory, Centro-Oeste Campus, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Divinópolis 35501-296, MG, Brazil; (L.S.A.); (L.A.R.d.S.L.)
| | | | - Clascídia Aparecida Furtado
- Carbon Nanostructure Chemistry Laboratory, Nuclear Technology Development Center (CDTN), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (C.A.F.); (D.R.C.F.)
| | - Danilo Roberto Carvalho Ferreira
- Carbon Nanostructure Chemistry Laboratory, Nuclear Technology Development Center (CDTN), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (C.A.F.); (D.R.C.F.)
| | - Flávia Cristina Policarpo Tonelli
- Biotechnological Processes Laboratory, Centro-Oeste Campus, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Divinópolis 35501-296, MG, Brazil; (C.S.S.); (V.M.S.D.); (V.d.O.L.); (G.d.C.P.); (F.C.P.T.)
| | - Adriano Guimarães Parreira
- Protein Chemistry Laboratory, Centro-Oeste Campus, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Divinópolis 35501-296, MG, Brazil;
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Bhatta S, Awasthi PR. Acquired methemoglobinemia due to nitrobenzene poisoning: An unusual acquaintance. Clin Case Rep 2024; 12:e8767. [PMID: 38595966 PMCID: PMC11002105 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.8767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Key Clinical Message Nitrobenzene poisoning is a rare yet life-threatening contention. The ensuing acute methemoglobinemia has a high fatality rate, hence early prompt intervention is required. Methylene blue (intravenous or oral) and ascorbic acid are the cornerstones of management. They must be administered to suspected patients without tardiness. Abstract An aromatic organic chemical used in paints and the printing industry is nitrobenzene. Its poisoning causes potentially fatal methemoglobinemia. One aspect of its management involves reducing the iron moiety from its ferric to ferrous form by administering intravenous methylene blue. A 23-year-old man who had deliberately consumed nitrobenzene presented to us with a history of headache and vomiting. He was diagnosed to have methemoglobinemia on the basis of clinical grounds and was managed successfully with intravenous methylene blue and vitamin C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Bhatta
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical CareNisarga Hospital and Research Center Pvt. LtdDhangadhiNepal
| | - Pusp Raj Awasthi
- Department of Pediatric Critical CareNisarga Hospital and Research Center Pvt. LtdDhangadhiNepal
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Suprunowicz M, Marcinkiewicz K, Leszczyńska E, Krętowska-Grunwald A, Płonowski M, Tałałaj M, Dakowicz Ł, Krawczuk-Rybak M, Sawicka-Żukowska M. A Rare Case of Methemoglobinemia after Ifosfamide Infusion in a 3-Year-Old Patient Treated for T-ALL. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3789. [PMID: 38612599 PMCID: PMC11011290 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Methemoglobinemia is a potentially life-threatening, rare condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of hemoglobin is diminished. We present the case of a 3-year-old boy treated for T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) who developed methemoglobinemia (MetHb 57.1%) as a side effect of ifosfamide administration. Due to his critical condition, the patient was transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU). The therapy included methylene blue administration, an exchange transfusion, catecholamine infusion, and steroids. Improving the general condition allowed for continuing chemotherapy without ifosfamide and completion of the HR2 block. Vigilance for methemoglobinemia as a very rare side effect should be widespread when using ifosfamide in the treatment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Suprunowicz
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Marcinkiewicz
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Leszczyńska
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Krętowska-Grunwald
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marcin Płonowski
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Mariola Tałałaj
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care for Children and Adolescents with Postoperative and Pain Treatment Unit, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Łucja Dakowicz
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Maryna Krawczuk-Rybak
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland
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Isaev NK, Genrikhs EE, Stelmashook EV. Methylene blue and its potential in the treatment of traumatic brain injury, brain ischemia, and Alzheimer's disease. Rev Neurosci 2024; 0:revneuro-2024-0007. [PMID: 38530227 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2024-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and brain ischemia/reperfusion cause neurodegenerative processes that can continue after the acute stage with the development of severe brain atrophy with dementia. In this case, the long-term neurodegeneration of the brain is similar to the neurodegeneration characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is associated with the accumulation of beta amyloid and tau protein. In the pathogenesis of AD as well as in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia and TBI oxidative stress, progressive inflammation, glial activation, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, and excessive activation of autophagy are involved, which implies the presence of many targets that can be affected by neuroprotectors. That is, multivariate cascades of nerve tissue damage represent many potential targets for therapeutic interventions. One of such substances that can be used in multi-purpose therapeutic strategies is methylene blue (MB). This drug can have an antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory effect, activate autophagy, inhibit the aggregation of proteins with an irregular shape, inhibit NO synthase, and bypass impaired electron transfer in the respiratory chain of mitochondria. MB is a well-described treatment for methemoglobinemia, malaria, and encephalopathy caused by ifosfamide. In recent years, this drug has attracted great interest as a potential treatment for a number of neurodegenerative disorders, including the effects of TBI, ischemia, and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nickolay K Isaev
- 64935 M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University , 119991, Moscow, Russia
- Research Center of Neurology, 125367, Moscow, Russia
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Poudel SB, Frikha-Benayed D, Ruff RR, Yildirim G, Dixit M, Korstanje R, Robinson L, Miller RA, Harrison DE, Strong JR, Schaffler MB, Yakar S. Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction using methylene blue or mitoquinone to improve skeletal aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:4948-4964. [PMID: 38535998 PMCID: PMC11006499 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Methylene blue (MB) is a well-established antioxidant that has been shown to improve mitochondrial function in both in vitro and in vivo settings. Mitoquinone (MitoQ) is a selective antioxidant that specifically targets mitochondria and effectively reduces the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. To investigate the effect of long-term administration of MB on skeletal morphology, we administered MB to aged (18 months old) female C57BL/J6 mice, as well as to adult male and female mice with a genetically diverse background (UM-HET3). Additionally, we used MitoQ as an alternative approach to target mitochondrial oxidative stress during aging in adult female and male UM-HET3 mice. Although we observed some beneficial effects of MB and MitoQ in vitro, the administration of these compounds in vivo did not alter the progression of age-induced bone loss. Specifically, treating 18-month-old female mice with MB for 6 or 12 months did not have an effect on age-related bone loss. Similarly, long-term treatment with MB from 7 to 22 months or with MitoQ from 4 to 22 months of age did not affect the morphology of cortical bone at the mid-diaphysis of the femur, trabecular bone at the distal-metaphysis of the femur, or trabecular bone at the lumbar vertebra-5 in UM-HET3 mice. Based on our findings, it appears that long-term treatment with MB or MitoQ alone, as a means to reduce skeletal oxidative stress, is insufficient to inhibit age-associated bone loss. This supports the notion that interventions solely with antioxidants may not provide adequate protection against skeletal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sher Bahadur Poudel
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, David B. Kriser Dental Center, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010-4086, USA
| | - Dorra Frikha-Benayed
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Ryan R. Ruff
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, David B. Kriser Dental Center, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010-4086, USA
| | - Gozde Yildirim
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, David B. Kriser Dental Center, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010-4086, USA
| | - Manisha Dixit
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, David B. Kriser Dental Center, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010-4086, USA
| | - Ron Korstanje
- Jackson Aging Center, Nathan Shock Center for Excellence in the Basic Biology of Aging, The Jackson’s Laboratories, Aging Center, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Laura Robinson
- Jackson Aging Center, Nathan Shock Center for Excellence in the Basic Biology of Aging, The Jackson’s Laboratories, Aging Center, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Richard A. Miller
- Department of Pathology and Geriatrics Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - John R. Strong
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center and Research Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Mitchell B. Schaffler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Shoshana Yakar
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, David B. Kriser Dental Center, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010-4086, USA
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8
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Azhough R, Jalali P, Dashti MR, Taher S, Aghajani A. Intradermal methylene blue analgesic application in posthemorrhoidectomy pain management: a randomized controlled trial. Front Surg 2024; 11:1354328. [PMID: 38577253 PMCID: PMC10991772 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2024.1354328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Unbearable post-hemorrhoidectomy pain is a well-documented challenge, significantly impacting patient well-being and satisfaction after surgery, often influencing patients to decline in undergoing this procedure. It is widely recognized that methylene blue has an effect of reducing inflammation and pain by reduces the production of nitric oxide and inhibiting the action potentials production in nerves. This study aims to explore the potential benefits of postoperative regional administration of methylene blue in providing extended relief from post-hemorrhoidectomy pain. Methods This study included 97 patients aged 18-75 undergoing hemorrhoidectomy for stage III or IV hemorrhoids. A double-blind, randomized controlled trial compared postoperative intradermal injections of 1% methylene blue to 0.5% Marcaine as the control group. Two-week follow-up assessed pain. Statistical analysis, adherence to ethical standards, and registration were conducted. Result No significant differences were found in baseline demographics, surgical parameters, or complications between the Methylene Blue and control groups. Intervention group remained lower in mean pain score until the 12th day. Methylene blue group reported significantly lower postoperative pain scores from days 1 to 7, with no significant differences afterward. Conclusion This ongoing randomized controlled trial reveals the potential analgesic benefits of intradermal injection 1% methylene blue. It demonstrates comparable efficacy in reducing post-hemorrhoidectomy pain, with negligible side effects and complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Azhough
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pooya Jalali
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Centre, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sahar Taher
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Aghajani
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Centre, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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9
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Liu X, Han B, He PL, Wang Q, Chen ZQ. Modeling competitive biosorption for methylene blue removal on rape straw powders using response surface methodology in a ternary dye aqueous solution. Int J Phytoremediation 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38505937 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2024.2327614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The improvement of biosorption efficiency for selective dye removal in a multi-dye aqueous system has become an increasingly significant research topic. However, the competitive effects of coexisting dyes and the target dye in such systems remain uncertain due to complex interactions between adsorbent and coexisting dyes. Therefore, in this research, response surface methodology (RSM) model was effectively employed to investigate the competitive effects of allura red (AR) and malachite green (MG) on methylene blue (MB) removal in a ternary dye aqueous system using three different parts of rape straw powders. In the current design of RSM, the initial concentrations of AR and MG dyes ranging from 0 mg·L-1 to 500 mg·L-1 were considered as influencing factors, while the removal rates of MB on adsorbents at an initial concentration of 500 mg·L-1 were established as response values. The RSM models exhibited high correlation coefficients with adjusted R2 values of 0.9908 (pith core), 0.9870 (seedpods), and 0.9902 (shells), respectively, indicating a close fitted between predicted and actual values. The proposed models indicated that the perturbation effects of initial AR and MG concentrations were observed on the removal rates of MB by three types of rape straw powders in a ternary dye aqueous system, resulting in a decrease in MB removal rates, particularly at higher initial AR concentration due to stronger competitive effects compared to initial MG concentration. The structures of rape straw powders, including pith core, seedpods and shell, were analyzed using scanning eletron microscoe (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), N2 physisorption isotherm, frourier transform infared spectroscopy (FTIR), Zeta potential classes and fluorescence spectrum before and after adsorption of MB in various dye aqueous systems. The characteristics of rape straw powders suggested that similar adsorption mechanisms, such as electrostatic attraction, pore diffusion, and group complex formation for MB, AR, and MG, respectively, occurred on the surfaces of adsorbents during their respective adsorption processes. This leads to significant competitive effects on the removal rates of MB in a ternary dye aqueous system, which are particularly influenced by initial AR concentrations as confirmed through fluorescence spectrum analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Bin Han
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Pei-Lin He
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Zhao-Qiong Chen
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, PR China
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10
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Springer E, Heimsch KC, Rahlfs S, Becker K, Przyborski JM. Real-time measurements of ATP dynamics via ATeams in Plasmodium falciparum reveal drug-class-specific response patterns. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2024:e0169023. [PMID: 38501806 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01690-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Malaria tropica, caused by the parasite Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum), remains one of the greatest public health burdens for humankind. Due to its pivotal role in parasite survival, the energy metabolism of P. falciparum is an interesting target for drug design. To this end, analysis of the central metabolite adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is of great interest. So far, only cell-disruptive or intensiometric ATP assays have been available in this system, with various drawbacks for mechanistic interpretation and partly inconsistent results. To address this, we have established fluorescent probes, based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and known as ATeam, for use in blood-stage parasites. ATeams are capable of measuring MgATP2- levels in a ratiometric manner, thereby facilitating in cellulo measurements of ATP dynamics in real-time using fluorescence microscopy and plate reader detection and overcoming many of the obstacles of established ATP analysis methods. Additionally, we established a superfolder variant of the ratiometric pH sensor pHluorin (sfpHluorin) in P. falciparum to monitor pH homeostasis and control for pH fluctuations, which may affect ATeam measurements. We characterized recombinant ATeam and sfpHluorin protein in vitro and stably integrated the sensors into the genome of the P. falciparum NF54attB cell line. Using these new tools, we found distinct sensor response patterns caused by several different drug classes. Arylamino alcohols increased and redox cyclers decreased ATP; doxycycline caused first-cycle cytosol alkalization; and 4-aminoquinolines caused aberrant proteolysis. Our results open up a completely new perspective on drugs' mode of action, with possible implications for target identification and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Springer
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Interdisciplinary Research Center, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Kim C Heimsch
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Interdisciplinary Research Center, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefan Rahlfs
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Interdisciplinary Research Center, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Katja Becker
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Interdisciplinary Research Center, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jude M Przyborski
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Interdisciplinary Research Center, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
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11
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Pai SL, Torp KD, Insignares VC, DeMaria S, Giordano CR, Logvinov II, Li Z, Chadha R, Aniskevich S. Use of hydroxocobalamin to treat intraoperative vasoplegic syndrome refractory to vasopressors and methylene blue during liver transplantation. Clin Transplant 2024; 38:e15271. [PMID: 38485687 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.15271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION For patients with catecholamine-resistant vasoplegic syndrome (VS) during liver transplantation (LT), treatment with methylene blue (MB) and/or hydroxocobalamin (B12) has been an acceptable therapy. However, data on the effectiveness of B12 is limited to case reports and case series. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed records of patients undergoing LT from January 2016 through March 2022. We identified patients with VS treated with vasopressors and MB, and abstracted hemodynamic parameters, vasopressor requirements, and B12 administration from the records. The primary aim was to describe the treatment efficacy of B12 for VS refractory to vasopressors and MB, measured as no vasopressor requirement at the conclusion of the surgery. RESULTS One hundred one patients received intraoperative VS treatment. For the 35 (34.7%) patients with successful VS treatment, 14 received MB only and 21 received both MB and B12. Of the 21 patients with VS resolution after receiving both MB and B12, 17 (89.5%) showed immediate, but transient, hemodynamic improvements at the time of MB administration and later showed sustained response to B12. CONCLUSION Immediate but transient hemodynamic response to MB in VS patients during LT supports the diagnosis of VS and should prompt B12 administration for sustained treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sher-Lu Pai
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Klaus D Torp
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Vianca C Insignares
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Samuel DeMaria
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, The Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Chris R Giordano
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida Health, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ilana I Logvinov
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Quantitative Health Science, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Ryan Chadha
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Stephen Aniskevich
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
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12
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Li Z, Hannan MN, Sharma AK, Baran TM. Treatment planning for photodynamic therapy of abscess cavities using patient-specific optical properties measured prior to illumination. Phys Med Biol 2024; 69:055031. [PMID: 38316055 PMCID: PMC10900070 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad2635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective antimicrobial therapy that we used to treat human abscess cavities in a Phase 1 clinical trial. This trial included pre-PDT measurements of abscess optical properties, which affect light dose (light fluence) at the abscess wall and PDT response. This study simulated PDT treatment planning for 13 subjects that received optical spectroscopy prior to clinical PDT, to determine the impact of measured optical properties on ability to achieve fluence rate targets in 95% of the abscess wall. Retrospective treatment plans were evaluated for 3 conditions: (1) clinically delivered laser power and assumed, homogeneous optical properties, (2) clinically delivered laser power and measured, homogeneous optical properties, and (3) with patient-specific treatment planning using measured, homogeneous optical properties. Treatment plans modified delivered laser power, intra-cavity Intralipid (scatterer) concentration, and laser fiber type. Using flat-cleaved laser fibers, the proportion of subjects achieving 95% abscess wall coverage decreased significantly relative to assumed optical properties when using measured values for 4 mW cm-2(92% versus 38%,p= 0.01) and 20 mW cm-2(62% versus 15%,p= 0.04) thresholds. When measured optical properties were incorporated into treatment planning, the 4 mW cm-2target was achieved for all cases. After treatment planning, optimal Intralipid concentration across subjects was 0.14 ± 0.09%, whereas 1% was used clinically. Required laser power to achieve the 4 mW cm-2target was significantly correlated with measured abscess wall absorption (ρ= 0.7,p= 0.008), but not abscess surface area (ρ= 0.2,p= 0.53). When using spherical diffuser fibers for illumination, both optimal Intralipid concentration (p= 0.0005) and required laser power (p= 0.0002) decreased compared to flat cleaved fibers. At 0% Intralipid concentration, the 4 mW cm-2target could only be achieved for 69% of subjects for flat-cleaved fibers, compared to 100% for spherical diffusers. Based on large inter-subject variations in optical properties, individualized treatment planning is essential for abscess photodynamic therapy. (Clinical Trial Registration: The parent clinical trial from which these data were acquired is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov as 'Safety and Feasibility Study of Methylene Blue Photodynamic Therapy to Sterilize Deep Tissue Abscess Cavities,' with ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02240498).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Md Nafiz Hannan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Ashwani K Sharma
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Timothy M Baran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States of America
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States of America
- The Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States of America
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13
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Kumar Y, Thomas T, Pérez-Tijerina E, Bogireddy NKR, Agarwal V. Exfoliated MXene-AuNPs hybrid in sensing and multiple catalytic hydrogenation reactions. Nanotechnology 2024; 35:205703. [PMID: 38320322 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad26da] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The increasing use of nanomaterials in consumer products is expected to lead to environmental contamination sometime soon. As water pollution is a pressing issue that threatens human survival and impedes the promotion of human health, the search for adsorbents for removing newly identified contaminants from water has become a topic of intensive research. The challenges in the recyclability of contaminated water continue to campaign the development of highly reusable catalysts. Although exfoliated 2D MXene sheets have demonstrated the capability towards water purification, a significant challenge for removing some toxic organic molecules remains a challenge due to a need for metal-based catalytic properties owing to their rapid response. In the present study, we demonstrate the formation of hybrid structure AuNPs@MXene (Mo2CTx) during the sensitive detection of Au nanoparticle through MXene sheets without any surface modification, and subsequently its applications as an efficient catalyst for the degradation of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), methyl orange (MO), and methylene blue (MB). The hybrid structure (AuNPs@MXene) reveals remarkable reusability for up to eight consecutive cycles, with minimal reduction in catalytic efficiency and comparable apparent reaction rate constant (Kapp) values for 4-NP, MB, and MO, compared to other catalysts reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Kumar
- Investigation Center for Engineering and Applied Sciences (CIICAp-IICBA), Autonomous State University of Morelos (UAEM), Av. Univ. 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62209 Mor., Mexico
- Faculty of Physics and Mathematics (FCFM-UANL), Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L. 66451, Mexico
| | - Tijin Thomas
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - E Pérez-Tijerina
- Faculty of Physics and Mathematics (FCFM-UANL), Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L. 66451, Mexico
| | - N K R Bogireddy
- Instituto de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P 62210 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - V Agarwal
- Investigation Center for Engineering and Applied Sciences (CIICAp-IICBA), Autonomous State University of Morelos (UAEM), Av. Univ. 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62209 Mor., Mexico
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14
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Liu Y, Tan Y, Cheng G, Ni Y, Xie A, Zhu X, Yin C, Zhang Y, Chen T. Customized Intranasal Hydrogel Delivering Methylene Blue Ameliorates Cognitive Dysfunction against Alzheimer's Disease. Adv Mater 2024:e2307081. [PMID: 38395039 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein aggregates is a key pathogenic event in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and induces mitochondrial dysfunction and reactive oxygen species overproduction. However, the treatment of AD remains challenging owning to the hindrance caused by the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the complex pathology of AD. Nasal delivery represents an effective means of circumventing the BBB and delivering drugs to the brain. In this study, black phosphorus (BP) is used as a drug carrier, as well as an antioxidant, and loaded with a tau aggregation inhibitor, methylene blue (MB), to obtain BP-MB. For intranasal (IN) delivery, a thermosensitive hydrogel is fabricated by cross-linking carboxymethyl chitosan and aldehyde Pluronic F127 (F127-CHO) micelles. The BP-MB nanocomposite is incorporated into the hydrogel to obtain BP-MB@Gel. BP-MB@Gel could be injected intranasally, providing high nasal mucosal retention and controlled drug release. After IN administration, BP-MB is continuously released and delivered to the brain, exerting synergistic therapeutic effects by suppressing tau neuropathology, restoring mitochondrial function, and alleviating neuroinflammation, thus inducing cognitive improvements in mouse models of AD. These findings highlight a potential strategy for brain-targeted drug delivery in the management of the complex pathologies of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Liu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Yun Tan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Guopan Cheng
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Yaqiong Ni
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Aihua Xie
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Xiaozhen Zhu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Chao Yin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Tongkai Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
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15
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Xie S, Li X, Zeng Q, Wu Y, Zhang T. High-Contrast Photoacoustic Imaging of Localized Cysteine in Orthotopic Breast Cancer Enabled by A Totally-Caged Methylene Blue Probe. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302878. [PMID: 38103037 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
High-contrast photoacoustic sensing imaging (PASI) was greatly determined by optical absorption changes of the absorbers usually enabled by activatable probes via controllably converting the absorbed electromagnetic energy to ultrasound waves. However, most of current photoacoustic probes still suffer from limited imaging contrast towards specific species because of their small absorption spectral changes in the near infrared (NIR) region. Herein, we developed a methylene blue-based photoacoustic probe with its NIR optical absorption totally caged, which could afford dramatical "OFF-to-ON" absorption transition for high-contrast photoacoustic imaging towards the localized cysteine. The rationally designed methylene blue-based probe for cysteine (MB-Cys) would keep in off state with almost no absorption in NIR region, while upon activated by cysteine through cyclization reaction with acrylates, it would reconstruct the π-conjugation system to release the free methylene blue with strong absorption centered at 665 nm (>130-fold enhancement). The unique responsive behavior could enable the PASI for photoacoustic mapping the cysteine in orthotopic breast cancer in a high-contrast manner. Therefore, this work established an up-to-date strategy to originally eliminate the background photoacoustic signal for PASI to accurately monitor cysteine in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, P. R. China
| | - Xipeng Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, P. R. China
| | - Qin Zeng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, P. R. China
| | - Yongbo Wu
- School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
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16
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Gil-Pallares P, Gracia-Cazaña T, Álvarez-Salafranca M, Gorgojo MA, García-García M, Beltrán-Rosel A, Almenara-Blasco M, Navarro-Bielsa A, Gilaberte Y. Cutaneous Alternariosis in Immunosuppressed Patients Treated with Photodynamic Therapy and Oral Antifungals, a Synergistic Strategy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:245. [PMID: 38399460 PMCID: PMC10893038 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous alternariosis is a rare condition, more frequently presented in immunocompromised patients, which usually requires long courses of systemic antifungals that may interact with other medications. The presented series shows three cases of cutaneous alternariosis in immunocompromised patients and organ transplant recipients that were successfully treated with photodynamic therapy and oral antifungals, allowing a reduction in the systemic treatment duration and therefore decreasing the risk of side effects and drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Gil-Pallares
- Department of Dermatology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain (M.Á.-S.); (M.A.-B.); (Y.G.)
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialities, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Tamara Gracia-Cazaña
- Department of Dermatology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain (M.Á.-S.); (M.A.-B.); (Y.G.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Marcial Álvarez-Salafranca
- Department of Dermatology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain (M.Á.-S.); (M.A.-B.); (Y.G.)
| | | | - Mar García-García
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Antonio Beltrán-Rosel
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Manuel Almenara-Blasco
- Department of Dermatology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain (M.Á.-S.); (M.A.-B.); (Y.G.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alba Navarro-Bielsa
- Department of Dermatology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain (M.Á.-S.); (M.A.-B.); (Y.G.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Yolanda Gilaberte
- Department of Dermatology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain (M.Á.-S.); (M.A.-B.); (Y.G.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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17
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Gazel D, Erinmez M, Çalışkantürk G, Saadat KASM. In Vitro and Ex Vivo Investigation of the Antibacterial Effects of Methylene Blue against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:241. [PMID: 38399456 PMCID: PMC10893340 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Methylene blue (MB) is a water-soluble dye that has a number of medical applications. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was selected as a subject for research due to the numerous serious clinical diseases it might cause and because there is a significant global resistance challenge. Our main goal was to determine and analyze the antibacterial effects of MB against S. aureus both in vitro and ex vivo to enhance treatment options. A total of 104 MRSA isolates recovered from various clinical specimens were included in this study. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of MB against MRSA isolates were determined by the agar dilution method. One randomly selected MRSA isolate and a methicillin-susceptible S. aureus strain (S. aureus ATCC 25923) were employed for further evaluation of the antibacterial effects of MB in in vitro and ex vivo time-kill assays. A disc diffusion method-based MB + antibiotic synergy assay was performed to analyze the subinhibitory effects of MB on ten isolates. MICs of MB against 104 MRSA isolates, detected by the agar dilution method, ranged between 16 and 64 µg/mL. MB concentrations of 4 and 16 µg/mL showed a bactericidal effect at 24 h in the ex vivo time-kill assays and in vitro time-kill assays, respectively. We observed a significant synergy between cefoxitin and methylene blue at a concentration of 1-2 μg/mL in two (20%) test isolates. Employing MB, which has well-defined pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, and safety profiles, for the treatment of MRSA infections and nasal decolonization could be a good strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Gazel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep 27310, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Erinmez
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Gaziantep Abdülkadir Yüksel State Hospital, Gaziantep 27100, Turkey;
| | - Gönenç Çalışkantürk
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Gaziantep Public Health Laboratory, Gaziantep 27010, Turkey;
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18
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Kouznetsova T, Ivanets A, Prozorovich V, Shornikova P, Kapysh L, Tian Q, Péter L, Trif L, Almásy L. Design of Nickel-Containing Nanocomposites Based on Ordered Mesoporous Silica: Synthesis, Structure, and Methylene Blue Adsorption. Gels 2024; 10:133. [PMID: 38391463 PMCID: PMC10888240 DOI: 10.3390/gels10020133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesoporous materials containing heteroelements have a huge potential for use as catalysts, exchangers, and adsorbents due to their tunable nanometer-sized pores and exceptionally large internal surfaces accessible to bulky organic molecules. In the present work, ordered mesoporous silica containing Ni atoms as active sites was synthesized by a new low-temperature method of condensation of silica precursors on a micellar template from aqueous solutions in the presence of nickel salt. The homogeneity of the resulting product was achieved by introducing ammonia and ammonium salt as a buffer to maintain a constant pH value. The obtained materials were characterized by nitrogen sorption, X-ray and neutron diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and thermal analysis. Their morphology consists of polydisperse spherical particles 50-300 nm in size, with a hexagonally ordered channel structure, high specific surface area (ABET = 900-1200 m2/g), large pore volume (Vp = 0.70-0.90 cm3/g), average mesopore diameter of about 3 nm, and narrow pore size distribution. Adsorption tests for methylene blue show sorption capacities reaching 39-42 mg/g at alkaline pH. The advantages of producing nickel silicates by this method, in contrast to precipitation from silicon alkoxides, are the low cost of reagents, fire safety, room-temperature processing, and the absence of specific problems associated with the use of ethanol as a solvent, as well as the absence of the inevitable capture of organic matter in the precipitation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Kouznetsova
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, NAS of Belarus, 220012 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Andrei Ivanets
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, NAS of Belarus, 220012 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Vladimir Prozorovich
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, NAS of Belarus, 220012 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Polina Shornikova
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, NAS of Belarus, 220012 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Lizaveta Kapysh
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, NAS of Belarus, 220012 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Qiang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - László Péter
- Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, HUN-REN Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Konkoly Thege Miklós str. 29-33, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Trif
- Institute for Energy Security and Environmental Safety, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Konkoly Thege Miklós str. 29-33, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Almásy
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
- Institute for Energy Security and Environmental Safety, HUN-REN Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly Thege Miklós str. 29-33, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
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19
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Ibrahim MA, Salama A, Zahran F, Abdelfattah MS, Alsalme A, Bechelany M, Barhoum A. Fabrication of cellulose nanocrystals/carboxymethyl cellulose/zeolite membranes for methylene blue dye removal: understanding factors, adsorption kinetics, and thermodynamic isotherms. Front Chem 2024; 12:1330810. [PMID: 38370094 PMCID: PMC10869571 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1330810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This study introduces environmentally-friendly nanocellulose-based membranes for AZO dye (methylene blue, MB) removal from wastewater. These membranes, made of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), zeolite, and citric acid, aim to offer eco-friendly water treatment solutions. CNCs, obtained from sugarcane bagasse, act as the foundational material for the membranes. The study aims to investigate both the composition of the membranes (CMC/CNC/zeolite/citric acid) and the critical adsorption factors (initial MB concentration, contact time, temperature, and pH) that impact the removal of the dye. After systematic experimentation, the optimal membrane composition is identified as 60% CNC, 15% CMC, 20% zeolites, and 5% citric acid. This composition achieved a 79.9% dye removal efficiency and a 38.3 mg/g adsorption capacity at pH 7. The optimized membrane exhibited enhanced MB dye removal under specific conditions, including a 50 mg adsorbent mass, 50 ppm dye concentration, 50 mL solution volume, 120-min contact time, and a temperature of 25°C. Increasing pH from neutral to alkaline enhances MB dye removal efficiency from 79.9% to 94.5%, with the adsorption capacity rising from 38.3 mg/g to 76.5 mg/g. The study extended to study the MB adsorption mechanisms, revealing the chemisorption of MB dye with pseudo-second-order kinetics. Chemical thermodynamic experiments determine the Freundlich isotherm as the apt model for MB dye adsorption on the membrane surface. In conclusion, this study successfully develops nanocellulose-based membranes for efficient AZO dye removal, contributing to sustainable water treatment technologies and environmental preservation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Ahmed Ibrahim
- NanoStruc Research Group, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
- Production and R&D Unit, NanoFab Technology Company, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Salama
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Fouad Zahran
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ali Alsalme
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mikhael Bechelany
- Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM), UMR 5635, University of Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
- Gulf University for Science and Technology, GUST, Kuwait
| | - Ahmed Barhoum
- NanoStruc Research Group, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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20
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Guo XC, Chu ZP, Song RQ, Wang ZL, Li RJ, Xiong DM, Zhang MZ, Jiang HB, Shao J. Toxicity of common biocides used in aquaculture to embryos and larvae of Brachymystax tsinlingensis Li. J Fish Biol 2024; 104:463-472. [PMID: 36808734 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Brachymystax tsinlingensis Li is a threatened fish species endemic to China. With the problems of environmental factors and seeding breeding diseases, it is important to further improve the efficiency of seeding breeding and the basis of resource protection. This study investigated the acute toxicity of copper, zinc and methylene blue (MB) on hatching, survival, morphology, heart rate (HR) and stress behaviour of B. tsinlingensis. Eggs (diameter: 3.86 ± 0.07 mm, weight: 0.032 ± 0.004 g) of B. tsinlingensis were selected randomly from artificial propagation and developed from eye-pigmentation-stage embryos to yolk-sac stage larvae (length: 12.40 ± 0.02 mm, weight: 0.03 ± 0.001 g) and exposed to different concentrations of Cu, Zn and MB for 144 h in a series of semi-static toxicity tests. The acute toxicity tests indicated that the 96-h median lethal concentration (LC50 ) values of the embryos and larvae were 1.71 and 0.22 mg l-1 for copper and 2.57 and 2.72 mg l-1 for zinc, respectively, whereas the MB LC50 after 144-h exposure for embryos and larvae were 67.88 and 17.81 mg l-1 , respectively. The safe concentrations of copper, zinc and MB were 0.17, 0.77 and 6.79 mg l-1 for embryos and 0.03, 0.03 and 1.78 mg l-1 for larvae, respectively. Copper, zinc and MB treatments with concentrations greater than 1.60, 2.00 and 60.00 mg l-1 , respectively, led to a significantly low hatching rate and significantly high embryo mortality (P < 0.05), and copper and MB treatments with concentrations greater than 0.2 and 20 mg l-1 led to significantly high larvae mortality (P < 0.05). Exposure to copper, zinc and MB resulted in developmental defects, including spinal curvature, tail deformity, vascular system anomalies and discolouration. Moreover, copper exposure significantly reduced the HR of larvae (P < 0.05). The embryos exhibited an obvious change in behaviour, converting from the normal behaviour of emerging from the membrane head first to emerging tail first, with probabilities of 34.82%, 14.81% and 49.07% under copper, zinc and MB treatments, respectively. The results demonstrated that the sensitivity of yolk-sac larvae to copper and MB was significantly higher than that of embryos (P < 0.05) and that B. tsinlingensis embryos or larvae might be more resistant to copper, zinc and MB than other members of the Salmonidae family, which benefits their resource protection and restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Chen Guo
- Department of Fisheries Science, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, The Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Chu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong-Qun Song
- Department of Fisheries Science, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, The Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhen-Lu Wang
- Department of Fisheries Science, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, The Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, China
| | - Rui-Jiao Li
- Laboratory of Fisheries Genetic Resource and Seeding, Yellow River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Xi'an, China
| | - Dong-Mei Xiong
- Department of Fisheries Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Mu-Zi Zhang
- Department of Fisheries Science, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, The Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, China
| | - Hai-Bo Jiang
- Department of Fisheries Science, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, The Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, China
| | - Jian Shao
- Department of Fisheries Science, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, The Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, China
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21
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Chernyshova EV, Potanina DV, Sadovnikova IS, Krutskikh EP, Volodina DE, Samoylova NA, Gureev AP. The study of the protective effect of mitochondrial uncouplers during acute toxicity of the fungicide difenoconazole in different organs of mice. Biomed Khim 2024; 70:41-51. [PMID: 38450680 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20247001041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Pesticides represent a serious problem for agricultural workers due to their neurotoxic effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of pharmacological oxidative phosphorylation uncouplers to reduce the effect of the difenoconazole fungicide on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of various organs in mice. Injections of difenoconazole caused cognitive deficits in mice, and the protonophore 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) and Azur I (AzI), a demethylated metabolite of methylene blue (MB), prevented the deterioration of cognitive abilities in mice induced by difenoconazole. Difenoconazole increased the rate of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, likely through inhibition of complex I of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. After intraperitoneal administration of difenoconazole lungs, testes and midbrain were most sensitive to the accumulation of mtDNA damage. In contrast, the cerebral cortex and hippocampus were not tolerant to the effects of difenoconazole. The protonophore 2,4-DNP reduced the rate of ROS formation and significantly reduced the amount of mtDNA damage caused by difenoconazole in the midbrain, and partially, in the lungs and testes. MB, an alternative electron carrier capable of bypassing inhibited complex I, had no effect on the effect of difenoconazole on mtDNA, while its metabolite AzI, a demethylated metabolite of MB, was able to protect the mtDNA of the midbrain and testes. Thus, mitochondria-targeted therapy is a promising approach to reduce pesticide toxicity for agricultural workers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - A P Gureev
- Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia; Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Voronezh, Russia
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22
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See LKY, Fong GMY, Lim D. Zopiclone-Induced Methemoglobinemia: A Case Report Highlighting How the Treatment Differs in Patients on Serotonergic Medication. Cureus 2024; 16:e54224. [PMID: 38496198 PMCID: PMC10943492 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Zopiclone is a sedative-hypnotic that is increasingly being used for insomnia, especially among patients with depression. The side effects of zopiclone include nausea, vomiting, headache, giddiness, sedation, altered mental status, and coma. Here, we describe a rare case of a patient with underlying depression who overdosed on zopiclone, resulting in a presentation of drowsiness and dyspnea. A diagnosis of methemoglobinemia was made only through astute observation of the presence of a saturation gap, poor oxygen saturation despite high flow oxygen supplementation, and the arterial blood gas sample appearing chocolate brown in color. Treatment of such patients usually includes the gold standard of methylene blue. However, in our case, there was a risk of serotonin syndrome as the patient was on a serotonergic antidepressant prior. As such, an alternative treatment with ascorbic acid was utilized instead. Methemoglobinemia, while uncommon, should always be suspected in patients who present with zopiclone overdose as it can be life-threatening and is easily treatable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dorcas Lim
- General Medicine, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore, SGP
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Atashkadi M, Mohadesi A, Karimi MA, Mohammadi SZ, Haji Aghaei V. Synthesis and characterization of Black Au nanoparticles deposited over g-C 3N 4 nanosheets: enhanced photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. Environ Technol 2024; 45:1124-1140. [PMID: 36259634 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2138558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Black AuNPs, prepared by a facile seeding growth method under ambient conditions, displayed efficient broadband absorption of the incident light over the entire visible and near-infrared regions of the solar spectrum. The spherical black AuNPs with the size of 2-4 nm were deposited over mesoporous g-C3N4 nanosheets. Novel black AuNPs/g-C3N4 plasmonic photocatalysts were used to remove methylene blue (MB) dye from an aqueous solution. The degradation efficiency for the optimal coupling of 1.3 wt.% black AuNPs with g-C3N4 (1.2 g) was found to be 85% within 60 min under visible light irradiation. The calculated kinetic constant was 0.0186 min-1 which was 6.4 and 2.9 times greater than those for g-C3N4 and AuNPs/g-C3N4 nanocomposite, respectively. The excellent potential in photocatalysis was attributed to the synergistic interactions of the g-C3N4 conduction band and the localized surface plasmon resonance effect of black AuNPs. These properties were responsible for the generation of high-energy electrons, a negative shift in the Fermi level of black AuNPs, and the migration of charge carriers. This work studied a new insight into black gold nanoparticles via the design of a visible-light-driven photocatalyst and provided a perspective on valuable photo-related applications such as water treatment.
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24
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Hannan MN, Sharma AK, Baran TM. First in human measurements of abscess cavity optical properties and methylene blue uptake prior to photodynamic therapy by in vivo diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. J Biomed Opt 2024; 29:027002. [PMID: 38414658 PMCID: PMC10898190 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.29.2.027002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Significance Efficacious photodynamic therapy (PDT) of abscess cavities requires personalized treatment planning. This relies on knowledge of abscess wall optical properties, which we report for the first time in human subjects. Aim The objective was to extract optical properties and photosensitizer concentration from spatially resolved diffuse reflectance measurements of abscess cavities prior to methylene blue (MB) PDT, as part of a phase 1 clinical trial. Approach Diffuse reflectance spectra were collected at the abscess wall of 13 human subjects using a custom fiber-optic probe and optical spectroscopy system, before and after MB administration. A Monte Carlo lookup table was used to extract optical properties. Results Pre-MB abscess wall absorption coefficients at 665 nm were 0.15 ± 0.1 cm - 1 (0.03 to 0.36 cm - 1 ) and 10.74 ± 15.81 cm - 1 (0.08 to 49.3 cm - 1 ) post-MB. Reduced scattering coefficients at 665 nm were 8.45 ± 2.37 cm - 1 (4.8 to 13.2 cm - 1 ) and 5.6 ± 2.26 cm - 1 (1.6 to 9.9 cm - 1 ) for pre-MB and post-MB, respectively. Oxygen saturations were found to be 58.83 % ± 35.78 % (5.6% to 100%) pre-MB and 36.29 % ± 25.1 % (0.0001% to 76.4%) post-MB. Determined MB concentrations were 71.83 ± 108.22 μ M (0 to 311 μ M ). Conclusions We observed substantial inter-subject variation in both native wall optical properties and MB uptake. This underscores the importance of making these measurements for patient-specific treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Nafiz Hannan
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Ashwani K. Sharma
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Imaging Sciences, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Timothy M. Baran
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Imaging Sciences, Rochester, New York, United States
- University of Rochester, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester, New York, United States
- University of Rochester, The Institute of Optics, Rochester, New York, United States
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Hapiz A, Jawad AH, Wilson LD, ALOthman ZA. High surface area activated carbon from a pineapple ( ananas comosus) crown via microwave-ZnCl 2 activation for crystal violet and methylene blue dye removal: adsorption optimization and mechanism. Int J Phytoremediation 2024; 26:324-338. [PMID: 37545130 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2023.2241912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
In this investigation, microwave irradiation assisted by ZnCl2 was used to transform pineapple crown (PN) waste into mesoporous activated carbon (PNAC). Complementary techniques were employed to examine the physicochemical characteristics of PNAC, including BET, FTIR, SEM-EDX, XRD, and pH at the point-of-zero-charge (pHpzc). PNAC is mesoporous adsorbent with a surface area of 1070 m2/g. The statistical optimization for the adsorption process of two model cationic dyes (methylene blue: MB and, crystal violet: CV) was conducted using the response surface methodology-Box-Behnken design (RSM-BBD). The parameters include solution pH (4-10), contact time (2-12) min, and PNAC dosage (0.02-0.1 g/100 mL). The Freundlich and Langmuir models adequately described the dye adsorption isotherm results for the MB and CV systems, whereas the pseudo-second order kinetic model accounted for the time dependent adsorption results. The maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) for PNAC with the two tested dyes are listed: 263.9 mg/g for CV and 274.8 mg/g for MB. The unique adsorption mechanism of MB and CV dyes by PNAC implicates multiple contributions to the adsorption process such as pore filling, electrostatic forces, H-bonding, and π-π interactions. This study illustrates the possibility of transforming PN into activated carbon (PNAC) with the potential to remove two cationic dyes from aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Hapiz
- Advanced Biomaterials and Carbon Development Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Ali H Jawad
- Advanced Biomaterials and Carbon Development Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Lee D Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Zeid A ALOthman
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Hacker A, Irvine DS, Gross M, Thornton I, Marin D. The Use of Methylene Blue in Conjunction With Hydroxocobalamin and Multiple Pressors to Treat Severe Vasoplegia in a Patient Due to Calcium Channel Blocker Toxicity: A Case Report. Cureus 2024; 16:e53778. [PMID: 38465145 PMCID: PMC10923546 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Vasoplegia, the demonstration of persistently low systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and resistant hypotension in the presence of a normal cardiac index despite aggressive resuscitation attempts, is a serious clinical diagnosis that requires prompt treatment to prevent patient morbidity and mortality. Currently, treatment of vasoplegia involves treatment with vasopressors such as vasopressin, norepinephrine, and hydroxocobalamin. However, some evidence suggests that in addition to this treatment regimen, the addition of methylene blue may result in a reduction in overall norepinephrine equivalent vasopressor requirements, increased mean arterial pressure, and an improved clinical course. Here, we report the case of a 64-year-old male patient who presented to the ED after being found unresponsive and covered in emesis at home. The patient's presentation was complicated by worsening dyspnea, hypotension, and hemodynamic instability, requiring intubation and admission to the ICU for management of undifferentiated shock of unclear etiology and acute respiratory failure. Urine studies were consistent with a diagnosis of vasoplegia due to dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker toxicity, which was confirmed by pill counting of his home medications in the setting of recent paranoia and depression. The patient was treated aggressively with vasopressors, including vasopressin, phenylephrine, and epinephrine, as well as a combination of hydroxocobalamin and methylene blue. He was also started on a calcium and insulin drip. Upon initiation of non-catecholamine agents for vasoplegia, his clinical course quickly improved, and he was weaned from all vasopressors. He regained hemodynamic stability, was successfully extubated, evaluated by psychiatry, and discharged from the hospital in a stable condition on day 15 with the continuation of outpatient psychiatric services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Hacker
- Anesthesiology, Health Corporation of America (HCA) Florida Westside Hospital, Plantation, USA
| | - Dylan S Irvine
- Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Michael Gross
- Anesthesiology, Health Corporation of America (HCA) Florida Westside Hospital, Plantation, USA
| | - Imani Thornton
- Anesthesiology, Health Corporation of America (HCA) Florida Westside Hospital, Plantation, USA
- Critical Care, Health Corporation of America (HCA) Florida Westside Hospital, Plantation, USA
| | - Diego Marin
- Critical Care, Health Corporation of America (HCA) Florida Westside Hospital, Plantation, USA
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27
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Omotosho KD, Gurung V, Banerjee P, Shevchenko EV, Berman D. Self-Cleaning Highly Porous TiO 2 Coating Designed by Swelling-Assisted Sequential Infiltration Synthesis (SIS) of a Block Copolymer Template. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:308. [PMID: 38337197 DOI: 10.3390/polym16030308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Photocatalytic self-cleaning coatings with a high surface area are important for a wide range of applications, including optical coatings, solar panels, mirrors, etc. Here, we designed a highly porous TiO2 coating with photoinduced self-cleaning characteristics and very high hydrophilicity. This was achieved using the swelling-assisted sequential infiltration synthesis (SIS) of a block copolymer (BCP) template, which was followed by polymer removal via oxidative thermal annealing. The quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) was employed to optimize the infiltration process by estimating the mass of material infiltrated into the polymer template as a function of the number of SIS cycles. This adopted swelling-assisted SIS approach resulted in a smooth uniform TiO2 film with an interconnected network of pores. The synthesized film exhibited good crystallinity in the anatase phase. The resulting nanoporous TiO2 coatings were tested for their functional characteristics. Exposure to UV irradiation for 1 h induced an improvement in the hydrophilicity of coatings with wetting angle reducing to unmeasurable values upon contact with water droplets. Furthermore, their self-cleaning characteristics were tested by measuring the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB). The synthesized porous TiO2 nanostructures displayed promising photocatalytic activity, demonstrating the degradation of approximately 92% of MB after 180 min under ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. Thus, the level of performance was comparable to the photoactivity of commercial anatase TiO2 nanoparticles of the same quantity. Our results highlight a new robust approach for designing hydrophilic self-cleaning coatings with controlled porosity and composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalil D Omotosho
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Vasanta Gurung
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Progna Banerjee
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Elena V Shevchenko
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Diana Berman
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, TX 76203, USA
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Yang F, Jiang P, Wu Q, Dong W, Xue M, Zhang Q. Preparation and Lithium-Ion Capacitance Performance of Nitrogen and Sulfur Co-Doped Carbon Nanosheets with Limited Space via the Vermiculite Template Method. Molecules 2024; 29:536. [PMID: 38276615 PMCID: PMC10820378 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped graphene-like carbon nanosheets (CNSs) with a two-dimensional structure are prepared by using methylene blue as a carbon source and expanded vermiculite as a template. After static negative pressure adsorption, high-temperature calcination, and etching in a vacuum oven, they are embedded in the limited space of the vermiculite template. The addition of an appropriate number of mixed elements can improve the performance of a battery. Via scanning electron microscopy, it is found that the prepared nitrogen-sulfur-co-doped carbon nanosheets exhibit a thin yarn shape. The XPS results show that there are four elements of C, N, O, and S in the carbon materials (CNS-600, CNS-700, CNS-800, CNS-900) prepared at different temperatures, and the N atom content shows a gradually decreasing trend. It is mainly doped into a graphene-like network in four ways (graphite nitrogen, pyridine nitrogen, pyrrole nitrogen, and pyridine nitrogen oxide), while the S element shows an increasing trend, mainly in the form of thiophene S and sulfur, which is covalently linked to oxygen. The results show that CNS-700 has a discharge-specific capacity of 460 mAh/g at a current density of 0.1 A/g, and it can still maintain a specific capacity of 200 mAh/g at a current density of 2 A/g. The assembled lithium-ion capacitor has excellent energy density and power density, with a maximum power density of 20,000 W/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yang
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China; (P.J.); (Q.W.)
| | - Pingzheng Jiang
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China; (P.J.); (Q.W.)
| | - Qiqi Wu
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China; (P.J.); (Q.W.)
| | - Wei Dong
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China; (P.J.); (Q.W.)
| | - Minghu Xue
- Jiangsu Jiaming Carbon New Material Co., Ltd., Lianyungang 222300, China; (M.X.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Jiangsu Jiaming Carbon New Material Co., Ltd., Lianyungang 222300, China; (M.X.); (Q.Z.)
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29
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Poudel SB, Ruff RR, Yildirim G, Miller RA, Harrison DE, Strong R, Kirsch T, Yakar S. Development of primary osteoarthritis during aging in genetically diverse UM-HET3 mice. Res Sq 2024:rs.3.rs-3858256. [PMID: 38343826 PMCID: PMC10854287 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3858256/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Background Primary osteoarthritis (OA) occurs without identifiable underlying causes such as previous injuries or specific medical conditions. Age is a major contributing factor to OA, and as one ages, various joint tissues undergo gradual change, including degeneration of the articular cartilage, alterations in subchondral bone (SCB) morphology, and inflammation of the synovium. Methods We investigated the prevalence of primary OA in aged, genetically diverse UM-HET3 mice. Articular cartilage (AC) integrity and SCB morphology were assessed in 182 knee joints of 22-25 months old mice using the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scoring system and micro-CT, respectively. Additionally, we explored the effects of methylene blue (MB) and mitoquinone (MitoQ), two agents that affect mitochondrial function, on the prevalence and progression of OA during aging. Results Aged UM-HET3 mice showed a high prevalence of primary OA in both sexes. Significant positive correlations were found between cumulative AC (cAC) scores and synovitis in both sexes, and osteophyte formation in female mice. Ectopic chondrogenesis did not show significant correlations with cAC scores. Significant direct correlations were found between AC scores and inflammatory markers in chondrocytes, including matrix metalloproteinase-13, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and the NLR family pyrin domain containing-3 inflammasome in both sexes, indicating a link between OA severity and inflammation. Additionally, markers of cell cycle arrest, such as p16 and β-galactosidase, also correlated with AC scores. In male mice, no significant correlations were found between SCB morphology traits and cAC scores, while in female mice, significant correlations were found between cAC scores and tibial SCB plate bone mineral density. Notably, MB and MitoQ treatments influenced the disease's progression in a sex-specific manner. MB treatment significantly reduced cAC scores at the medial knee joint, while MitoQ treatment reduced cAC scores, but these did not reach significance. Conclusions Our study provides comprehensive insights into the prevalence and progression of primary OA in aged UM-HET3 mice, highlighting the sex-specific effects of MB and MitoQ treatments. The correlations between AC scores and various pathological factors underscore the multifaceted nature of OA and its association with inflammation and subchondral bone changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sher Bahadur Poudel
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY
| | - Ryan R Ruff
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Biostatistics Core, Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, New York University College of Dentistry New York, NY 10010-4086
| | - Gozde Yildirim
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY
| | - Richard A Miller
- Department of Pathology and Geriatrics Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Randy Strong
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center and Research Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA; Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies and Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Thorsten Kirsch
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, New York, NY
| | - Shoshana Yakar
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY
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Zerbinati P, Bemporad J, Massimiani A, Bianchini E, Mazzoli D, Glorioso D, della Vecchia G, De Luca A, De Blasiis P. Lateral Pectoral Nerve Identification through Ultrasound-Guided Methylene Blue Injection during Selective Peripheral Neurectomy for Shoulder Spasticity: Proposal for a New Procedure. J Pers Med 2024; 14:116. [PMID: 38276238 PMCID: PMC10817262 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Internally rotated and adducted shoulder is a common posture in upper limb spasticity. Selective peripheral neurectomy is a useful and viable surgical technique to ameliorate spasticity, and the lateral pectoral nerve (LPN) could be a potential good target to manage shoulder spasticity presenting with internal rotation. However, there are some limitations related to this procedure, such as potential anatomical variability and the necessity of intraoperative surgical exploration to identify the target nerve requiring wide surgical incisions. This could result in higher post-surgical discomfort for the patient. Therefore, the aim of our study was to describe a modification of the traditional selective peripheral neurectomy procedure of the LPN through the perioperative ultrasound-guided marking of the target nerve with methylene blue. The details of the localization and marking procedure are described, as well as the surgical technique of peripheral selective neurectomy and the potential advantages in terms of nerve localization, surgical precision and patients' post-surgical discomfort. We suggest that the proposed modified procedure could be a valid technique to address some current limitations and move the surgical treatment of spasticity toward increasingly tailored management due to the ease of nerve identification, the possibility of handling potential anatomical variability and the resulting smaller surgical incisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Zerbinati
- Neuro-Orthopedic Unit, Sol et Salus Hospital, 47922 Rimini, Italy (J.B.); (D.G.)
| | - Jonathan Bemporad
- Neuro-Orthopedic Unit, Sol et Salus Hospital, 47922 Rimini, Italy (J.B.); (D.G.)
| | - Andrea Massimiani
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Edoardo Bianchini
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Davide Mazzoli
- Gait and Motion Analysis Laboratory, Sol et Salus Hospital, 47992 Rimini, Italy;
| | - Davide Glorioso
- Neuro-Orthopedic Unit, Sol et Salus Hospital, 47922 Rimini, Italy (J.B.); (D.G.)
| | - Giuseppe della Vecchia
- Department of Women, Child, General and Specialistic Surgery, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luciano Armanni, 5, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Paolo De Blasiis
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luciano Armanni, 5, 80138 Naples, Italy;
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31
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Damacet P, Hannouche K, Gouda A, Hmadeh M. Controlled Growth of Highly Defected Zirconium-Metal-Organic Frameworks via a Reaction-Diffusion System for Water Remediation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024. [PMID: 38230659 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The relentless growth of metal-organic framework (MOF) chemistry is paralleled by the persistent urge to control the MOFs physical and chemical properties. While this control is mostly achieved by solvothermal syntheses, room temperature procedures stand out as more convenient and sustainable pathways for the production of MOF materials. Herein, a novel approach to control the crystal size and defect numbers of a dihydroxy-functionalized zirconium-based metal-organic framework (UiO-66(OH)2) at room temperature is reported. Through a reaction-diffusion method in a 1D system, zirconium salt was diffused into an agar gel matrix containing the organic linker to form nanocrystals of UiO-66(OH)2 with tailored structural features that include crystal size distribution, surface area, and defect number. By variation of the synthesis parameters of the system, hierarchical MOF nanocrystals with an average size ranging from 30 nm up to 270 nm and surface areas between 201 and 500 m2 g-1 were obtained in a one-pot synthetic route. To stress the importance of crystal size, morphology, and structural defects on the adsorption properties of UiO-66(OH)2, the adsorption capacity of the MOF toward methylene blue dye was tested with the largest and most defected crystals achieving the best performance of 202 mg/g. The distinctive structural characteristics including the hierarchical micromesoporous frameworks, the nanosized particles, and the highly defective crystals obtained by our synthesis procedure are deemed challenging through the conventional synthesis methods. This work paves the way for engineering MOF crystals with tunable physical and chemical properties, using a green synthesis procedure, for their advantageous use in many desirable applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Damacet
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Karen Hannouche
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Abdelaziz Gouda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, M5S 3H6 Toronto, Canada
| | - Mohamad Hmadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
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Dehbi A, Dehmani Y, Franco DSP, Omari H, Georgin J, Brahmi Y, Elazhari K, Messaoudi M, Aadnan I, Lamhasni T, Alrashdi AA, Abdallaoui A, Abouarnadasse S, Lamini A. A Statistical Physics Approach to Understanding the Adsorption of Methylene Blue onto Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles. Molecules 2024; 29:412. [PMID: 38257326 PMCID: PMC10818394 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The production of cobalt oxide nanoparticles and their use in the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from solution is described in the paper. The X-ray diffraction patterns show that the synthesized cobalt oxide nanoparticles have a crystalline cubic structure. The study of the adsorption of methylene blue onto the cobalt oxide nanoparticles involved determining the contact time and initial concentration of the adsorption of MB on the adsorbent. The kinetics of adsorption were analyzed using two kinetic models (pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order), and the pseudo-second-order model was found to be the most appropriate for describing the behavior of the adsorption. This study indicates that the MLTS (monolayer with the same number of molecules per site) model is the most suitable model for describing methylene blue/cobalt oxide systems, and the parameter values help to further understand the adsorption process with the steric parameters. Indicating that methylene blue is horizontally adsorbed onto the surface of the cobalt oxide, which is bonded to two different receptor sites. Regarding the temperature effect, it was found that the adsorption capacity increased, with the experimental value ranging from 313.7 to 405.3 mg g-1, while the MLTS predicted 313.32 and 408.16 mg g-1. From the thermodynamic functions, high entropy was found around 280 mg L-1 concentration. For all concentrations and temperatures examined, the Gibbs free energy and enthalpy of adsorption were found to be negative and positive, respectively, suggesting that the system is spontaneous and endothermic. According to this study's findings, methylene blue adsorption onto cobalt oxide nanoparticles happens via the creation of a monolayer, in which the same amount of molecules are adsorbed at two distinct locations. The findings shed light on the methylene blue adsorption process onto cobalt oxide nanoparticles, which have a variety of uses, including the remediation of wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Dehbi
- Laboratory of Chemistry/Biology Applied to the Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco; (A.D.); (H.O.); (K.E.); (A.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Younes Dehmani
- Laboratory of Chemistry/Biology Applied to the Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco; (A.D.); (H.O.); (K.E.); (A.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Dison S. P. Franco
- Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, CUC, Calle 58 # 55–66, Barranquilla 50366, Colombia;
| | - Hind Omari
- Laboratory of Chemistry/Biology Applied to the Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco; (A.D.); (H.O.); (K.E.); (A.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Jordana Georgin
- Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, CUC, Calle 58 # 55–66, Barranquilla 50366, Colombia;
| | - Younes Brahmi
- HTMR-Lab, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Kaoutar Elazhari
- Laboratory of Chemistry/Biology Applied to the Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco; (A.D.); (H.O.); (K.E.); (A.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Mohammed Messaoudi
- Laboratory of Materials, Membranes and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco;
| | - Imane Aadnan
- Laboratory of Chemistry/Biology Applied to the Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco; (A.D.); (H.O.); (K.E.); (A.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Taibi Lamhasni
- Institut National des Sciences de l’Archéologie et du Patrimoine (INSAP), BP 6828, Madinat al Irfane, Avenue Allal El-Fassi, Angle rues 5 et 7, Rabat 10000, Morocco;
| | - Awad A. Alrashdi
- Chemistry Department, Al-Qunfudah University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelaziz Abdallaoui
- Laboratory of Chemistry/Biology Applied to the Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco; (A.D.); (H.O.); (K.E.); (A.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Sadik Abouarnadasse
- Laboratory of Chemistry/Biology Applied to the Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco; (A.D.); (H.O.); (K.E.); (A.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Adil Lamini
- Laboratory of Chemistry/Biology Applied to the Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco; (A.D.); (H.O.); (K.E.); (A.A.); (S.A.)
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Javaid S, Zanoletti A, Serpe A, Bontempi E, Alessandri I, Vassalini I. Glassy Powder Derived from Waste Printed Circuit Boards for Methylene Blue Adsorption. Molecules 2024; 29:400. [PMID: 38257313 PMCID: PMC10821274 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Electronic waste (e-waste) is one of the fastest-growing waste streams in the world and Europe is classified as the first producer in terms of per capita amount. To reduce the environmental impact of e-waste, it is important to recycle it. This work shows the possibility of reusing glassy substrates, derived from the MW-assisted acidic leaching of Waste Printed Circuit Boards (WPCBs), as an adsorbent material. The results revealed an excellent adsorption capability against methylene blue (MB; aqueous solutions in the concentration range 10-5 M-2 × 10-5 M, at pH = 7.5). Comparisons were performed with reference samples such as activated carbons (ACs), the adsorbent mostly used at the industrial level; untreated PCB samples; and ground glass slides. The obtained results show that MW-treated WPCB powder outperformed both ground glass and ground untreated PCBs in MB adsorption, almost matching AC adsorption. The use of this new adsorbent obtained through the valorization of e-waste offers advantages not only in terms of cost but also in terms of environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Javaid
- Sustainable Chemistry and Materials Laboratory, Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (S.J.); (I.A.)
| | - Alessandra Zanoletti
- Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
- Unit of National Interuniversity Consortium for Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Research Unit of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Angela Serpe
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture (DICAAR), INSTM Unit, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy;
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Environmental Geology and Geoengineering (CNR-IGAG), Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elza Bontempi
- Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
- Unit of National Interuniversity Consortium for Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Research Unit of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Ivano Alessandri
- Sustainable Chemistry and Materials Laboratory, Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (S.J.); (I.A.)
- Unit of National Interuniversity Consortium for Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Research Unit of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- CNR-INO (National Research Council-National Institute of Optics), Research Unit of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Irene Vassalini
- Sustainable Chemistry and Materials Laboratory, Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (S.J.); (I.A.)
- Unit of National Interuniversity Consortium for Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Research Unit of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- CNR-INO (National Research Council-National Institute of Optics), Research Unit of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy
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da Veiga Moreira J, Nleme N, Schwartz L, Leclerc-Desaulniers K, Carmona E, Mes-Masson AM, Jolicoeur M. Methylene Blue Metabolic Therapy Restrains In Vivo Ovarian Tumor Growth. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:355. [PMID: 38254843 PMCID: PMC10814748 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer remains a significant challenge, especially in platinum-resistant cases where treatment options are limited. In this study, we investigated the potential of methylene blue (MB) as a metabolic therapy and complementary treatment approach for ovarian cancer. Our findings demonstrated a significant in vivo reduction in the proliferation of TOV112D-based ovarian-cell-line xenografts. In this preclinical study, which used a carboplatin-resistant ovarian cancer tumor model implanted into mice, MB-mediated metabolic therapy exhibited superior tumor slowdown compared to carboplatin treatment alone. This indicates, for the first time, MB's potential as an alternative or adjuvant treatment, especially for resistant cases. Our in vitro study on TOV112D and ARPE-19 sheds light on the impact of such an MB-based metabolic therapy on mitochondrial energetics (respiration and membrane potential). MB showed a modulatory role in the oxygen consumption rate and the mitochondrial membrane potential. These results revealed, for the first time, that MB specifically targets TOV112D mitochondria and probably induces cell apoptosis. The differential response of normal (ARPE-19) and cancer (TOV112D) cells to the MB treatment suggests potential alterations in cancer cell mitochondria, opening avenues for therapeutic approaches that target the mitochondria. Overall, our findings suggest the efficacy of MB as a possible treatment for ovarian cancer and provide valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying the efficacy of methylene blue metabolic therapy in ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorgelindo da Veiga Moreira
- Research Laboratory in Applied Metabolic Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Nancy Nleme
- Research Laboratory in Applied Metabolic Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | | | - Kim Leclerc-Desaulniers
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada (A.-M.M.-M.)
| | - Euridice Carmona
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada (A.-M.M.-M.)
| | - Anne-Marie Mes-Masson
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada (A.-M.M.-M.)
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Mario Jolicoeur
- Research Laboratory in Applied Metabolic Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
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Zhang X, Li Z, Yang L, Hu B, Zheng Q, Man J, Cao J. CRISPR/Cas12a-Derived Photoelectrochemical Aptasensor Based on Au Nanoparticle-Attached CdS/UiO-66-NH 2 Heterostructures for the Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Ochratoxin A. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:874-882. [PMID: 38156660 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The sensitive and accurate detection of ochratoxin A (OTA) is crucial for public health due to its high toxicity. Herein, using Au nanoparticle (NP)-attached CdS/UiO-66-NH2 heterostructures as photoactive materials, a photoelectrochemical (PEC) aptasensor was presented for the ultrasensitive assay of OTA based on a competitive displacement reaction triggering the trans-cleavage ability of CRISPR/Cas12a. In this sensing strategy, methylene blue-labeled single-stranded DNA (MB-ssDNA) was immobilized on the Au NPs/CdS/UiO-66-NH2 electrode to accelerate the separation of the photogenerated carrier, thus producing a significantly increased PEC response. In the presence of OTA, it specifically bound with the aptamer (Apt) and resulted in the release of the activation chain, triggering the trans-cleavage characteristics of CRISPR/Cas12a. MB-ssDNA was cut randomly on the electrode surface to convert the PEC signal from the "on" to the "off" state, thereby achieving a quantitative and accurate detection of OTA. The CRISPR/Cas12a-derived PEC aptasensor exhibited excellent sensitivity and specificity, with a linear range from 100 to 50 ng/mL and a detection limit of 38 fg/mL. Overall, the proposed aptasensor could provide a rapid, accurate, and sensitive method for the determination of OTA in actual samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Zhiru Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Qiuyue Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Jiang Man
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Jijuan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
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Jajoo V, Masavkar S, Ahmed Zaki S, Pawar P. Acquired methaemoglobinaemia in infancy associated with acute diarrhoea: A case series. Trop Doct 2024; 54:39-41. [PMID: 37807706 DOI: 10.1177/00494755231205632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Acute diarrhoeal illness remains a common medical problem in children with nearly 1.7 billion cases globally every year. We report five infants who, following severe diarrhoea, developed methaemoglobinemia. This is an altered state of haemoglobin presenting with cyanosis and can pose a diagnostic dilemma. It should be suspected in young infants without cyanotic heart disease presenting with severe diarrhoea, sepsis and cyanosis disproportionate to their clinical status. Its outcome depends on prompt treatment, the severity of underlying sepsis and co-morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipul Jajoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal General Hospital and Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanjeevani Masavkar
- Department of Pediatrics, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal General Hospital and Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Syed Ahmed Zaki
- Department of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Pooja Pawar
- Department of Pediatrics, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal General Hospital and Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Eshmandi M, Mohamed A, Khalil B, Belhaj A. Methaemoglobinaemia Associated With Mixed Cocaine and Amphetamine Overdose: A Case Report. Cureus 2024; 16:e51748. [PMID: 38318569 PMCID: PMC10840590 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Methaemoglobinaemia is a rare disorder characterized by increased levels of methaemoglobin, a form of haemoglobin with oxidized iron that cannot efficiently bind oxygen. This leads to inadequate oxygen delivery to tissues with various clinical manifestations from asymptomatic to severe persistent hypoxia, CNS symptoms, and cardiovascular collapse. Acquired methaemoglobinaemia is typically a sudden condition, often resulting from poisoning by specific drugs and compounds, which can potentially have fatal consequences. We present a case of a patient who came with severe methaemoglobinaemia due to intoxication with cocaine and amphetamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Eshmandi
- Anaesthesiology, Southend University Hospital, Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Southend-on-Sea, GBR
| | - Ahmed Mohamed
- Anaesthesiology, Southend University Hospital, Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Southend-on-Sea, GBR
| | - Belal Khalil
- Anaesthesiology, Southend University Hospital, Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Southend-on-Sea, GBR
| | - Alla Belhaj
- Anaesthesiology, Southend University Hospital, Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Southend-on-Sea, GBR
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Gómez C, Schuele G, Alberdi E. Medium-term antifungal effects of methylene blue versus flavin mononucleotide in the treatment of moderate toenail onychomycosis. Mycoses 2024; 67:e13661. [PMID: 37840157 DOI: 10.1111/myc.13661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylene blue (MB) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN)-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) have demonstrated local antimicrobial effect, but no direct comparative study has been published so far for the treatment of toenail onychomycosis. OBJECTIVES To directly compare the short and medium-term efficacy of MB versus FMN as photosensitizers in PDT for toenail onychomycosis by applying them in a 40% w/w urea cream in two different dye concentrations. METHODS Forty toenails with distal and lateral subungual moderate onychomycosis due to dermatophyte fungi were randomised to receive 10 weekly sessions of PDT mediated by four topical formulations including MB or FMN at two different concentrations: Group I: 0.1% w/w MB; Group II: 2% w/w MB; Group III: 0.1% w/w FMN; and Group IV: 2% w/w FMN. Photographs were used for onychomycosis severity index (OSI) estimation allowing clinical assessment at any point of the study. Microscopic and microbiological evaluations were carried out at baseline, 27- and 35-week follow-ups. Side effects were recorded along with patient satisfaction. RESULTS At week 27, mycological cure rates were 60%, 30%, 50% and 40% and complete cure rates were 0%, 20%, 10% and 20%, for Groups I, II, III and IV respectively. At week 35, mycological cure rates were 70%, 70%, 70% and 60% and complete cure rates were 30%, 50%, 70% and 30%, for Groups I, II, III and IV respectively. All cream formulations were safe and patients were fairly satisfied. CONCLUSIONS Results of the present work confirm PDT as a therapeutic alternative for onychomycosis. Although all cream formulations were safe and effective, with a good degree of satisfaction, higher cure rates were obtained with 2% w/w MB cream and 0.1% w/w FMN cream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Gómez
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Blas Cabrera, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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Fraval A, Zappley NR, Brown SA. Methylene Blue Infiltration As a Method for Distinguishing Superficial and Deep Infections. J Arthroplasty 2024; 39:224-228. [PMID: 37531982 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2023.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are no established objective methods to reliably differentiate between superficial and deep infection in the setting of total hip arthroplasty. We employed a technique of distinguishing superficial and deep infections by infiltrating methylene blue to a prosthetic hip during infection workup to determine its effectiveness and to characterize its utility in defining the joint cavity where deep debridement is required. METHODS An analysis was conducted on 35 patients who preoperatively received an injection of methylene blue under radiological guidance to their total hip arthroplasty. Where established periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) criteria were not met, without signs of methylene blue beyond the deep fascia, the infection was considered superficial, and debridement remained superficial to the deep fascia. Where diagnosis of PJI was confirmed preoperatively or the presence of methylene blue in the wound cavity confirmed deep contamination, the prosthesis was addressed with methylene blue staining defining the joint cavity as a guide for debridement. RESULTS There were 11 patients who had no methylene blue extrusion into the superficial compartment and did not meet PJI criteria. Eight patients failed to meet PJI criteria preoperatively, but had extrusion of methylene blue, confirming a deep infection intraoperatively. There were 16 patients who met PJI criteria preoperatively with methylene blue acting as a visual guide to the joint space. CONCLUSION Infiltrating methylene blue in a prosthetic hip is useful in differentiating between superficial or deep infections where PJI workup is indeterminate. Where deep infection is present, its utility in defining the joint cavity may be advantageous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Fraval
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Nicolina R Zappley
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Scot A Brown
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Boviatsis V, Triantopoulos A. Double-Edge, Single-Edge, and Intermediate-Edge Ultrasound Sign and Correlation With Fascial Plane Block Efficacy: An Experimental Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e51858. [PMID: 38205088 PMCID: PMC10781027 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ultrasound-guided fascial plane blocks are nowadays the gold standard technique for regional anesthesia and postoperative analgesia. Despite their high success rate, cases of partial or total failure of this method have been reported. This experimental study aims to address the corresponding ultrasound signs and their association with fascial plane block efficacy. Methods After capturing the appropriate sonographic image that included muscle layers and their fasciae, an 18-gauge epidural needle penetrated the cadaveric porcine tissue and was forwarded until the tip of the needle reached the target fascial plane. The infusion of methylthioninium chloride or methylene blue dye was performed, causing tissue hydro dissection. The documentation of the generated ultrasound images was followed by surgical exposure of the tip of the needle. Results The distribution of the dye into the plane of interest (double-edge sign) was equivalent to block success, whereas the single-edge sign (accumulation of the dye between fascia and epimysium) indicated total block failure. The intermediate-edge sign, a combination of the previous ultrasound signs, is related to partial failure of block performance. Conclusion The identification of the three novel sonographic signs is an accurate predictive factor of peripheral nerve block efficacy. The respective data are expected to aid the rapid improvement of interfascial plane block accuracy and techniques, leading to their more effective execution and simultaneously eliminating the failure rates. Thereby, the amelioration of intra and postoperative analgesia will be accomplished, expediting the patient's hospital discharge and reducing or even avoiding opioid consumption.
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Pruna A, Bonaccorso A, Belletti A, Turi S, Di Prima AL, D'amico F, Zangrillo A, Kotani Y, Landoni G. Methylene Blue Reduces Mortality in Critically Ill and Perioperative Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2024; 38:268-274. [PMID: 37880041 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2023.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Vasodilatory hypotension is common in critically ill and perioperative patients, and is associated with adverse outcomes. As a nitric oxide production inhibitor, methylene blue (MB) exerts its vasoconstrictor property and is an adjuvant for catecholamine-refractory vasodilatory shock. However, the effects of MB on clinically relevant outcomes remain unclear. Therefore, the authors performed a meta-analysis of randomized trials on MB in critically ill and perioperative patients. The authors searched through databases for randomized trials on MB in critically ill and perioperative patients, which yielded 11 studies consisting of 556 patients. The primary outcome was mortality at the longest follow-up. Secondary outcomes included hemodynamic parameters and organ dysfunction (PROSPERO: CRD42023409243). Nine out of the 11 included randomized trials reported mortality, which was significantly lower in the MB group (risk ratio, 0.60 [95% CI 0.43-0.84] p = 0.003), with findings confirmed in septic shock and cardiac surgery subgroups. The authors found reduced lengths of stay in the intensive care unit (mean difference [MD], -0.9 days [95% CI -1.06 to -0.77] p < 0.001) and in the hospital (MD, -2.2 days [95% CI, -2.68 to -1.70] p < 0.001) in the MB group. MB was associated with increased mean arterial pressure (MD, 8.4 mmHg [95% CI 5.01-11.75] p < 0.001) and systemic vascular resistance (MD, 94.5 dyn/s/cm5 [95% CI 17.73-171.15] p = 0.02), with no difference in cardiac output (standardized MD, 0.16 [95% CI, -0.25 to 0.57] p = 0.45). This meta-analysis showed that MB reverses vasodilation in critically ill and perioperative patients and might improve survival. Further adequately powered randomized trials are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Pruna
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bonaccorso
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Belletti
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Turi
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ambra Licia Di Prima
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo D'amico
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Zangrillo
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Yuki Kotani
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - Giovanni Landoni
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
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Soleimani E, Adyani SH. Green synthesis of magnetic silver nanocomposite: the photocatalytic performance of nanocomposite to decolorize organic dyes. Environ Technol 2023:1-15. [PMID: 38158737 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2286453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The magnetite-silver nanocomposites (Fe3O4-Ag NCs) were synthesized via a facile and green process by Citrus sinensis peel extract. The deposition of silver nanoparticles (NPs) was confirmed by observing an absorption peak at the maximum wavelength at 422 nm in the suspension solution of samples, which is related to silver surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The characteristic diffraction patterns of Fe3O4 and Ag phases were characterized utilizing the XRD patterns and the average size of the crystals was 21 nm. The photocatalytic behavior of Fe3O4-Ag NCs was studied for the destruction of three organic dyes methyl green (MG), methyl orange (MO), and methylene blue (MB) below UV radiation. The effect of the amount of photocatalyst and volume of hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant in the process of dye degradation was also investigated. The complete degradation time of dyes MB, MG, and MO under UV irradiation in the presence of 0.002 g Fe3O4-Ag NCs were 57, 33, and 49 min, respectively. The time of degradation reactions showed the high photocatalytic performance of Fe3O4-Ag NCs. These results proved that the synergistic effect of magnetite in the role of supporting the silver NPs was a significant contribution to the excellent decolorization behavior of Fe3O4-Ag NCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmaiel Soleimani
- Inorganic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
| | - Sayyed Hamed Adyani
- Inorganic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
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Law SK, Leung AWN, Xu C. Photodynamic Action of Curcumin and Methylene Blue against Bacteria and SARS-CoV-2-A Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 17:34. [PMID: 38256868 PMCID: PMC10818644 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) has occurred for more than four years, and the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing COVID-19 is a strain of coronavirus, which presents high rates of morbidity around the world. Up to the present date, there are no therapeutics that can avert this form of illness, and photodynamic therapy (PDT) may be an alternative approach against SARS-CoV-2. Curcumin and methylene blue have been approved and used in clinical practices as a photosensitizer in PDT for a long time with their anti-viral properties and for disinfection through photo-inactivated SARS-CoV-2. Previously, curcumin and methylene blue with antibacterial properties have been used against Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli (E. coli), Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). METHODS To conduct a literature review, nine electronic databases were researched, such as WanFang Data, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, Springer Link, SciFinder, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), without any regard to language constraints. In vitro and in vivo studies were included that evaluated the effect of PDT mediated via curcumin or methylene blue to combat bacteria and SARS-CoV-2. All eligible studies were analyzed and summarized in this review. RESULTS Curcumin and methylene blue inhibited the replication of SARS-CoV-2. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated during the treatment of PDT with curcumin and methylene blue to prevent the attachment of SARS-CoV-2 on the ACE2 receptor and damage to the nucleic acids either DNA or RNA. It also modulates pro-inflammatory cytokines and attenuates the clotting effects of the host response. CONCLUSION The photodynamic action of curcumin and methylene blue provides a possible approach against bacteria and SARS-CoV-2 infection because they act as non-toxic photosensitizers in PDT with an antibacterial effect, anti-viral properties, and disinfection functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siu Kan Law
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
- Faculty of Science and Technology, The Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Tsing Yi, New Territories, Hong Kong;
| | | | - Chuanshan Xu
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
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Ludeña MA, Meza FDL, Huamán RI, Lechuga AM, Valderrama AC. Preparation and Characterization of Fe 3O 4/Poly(HEMA-co-IA) Magnetic Hydrogels for Removal of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution. Gels 2023; 10:15. [PMID: 38247738 PMCID: PMC10815344 DOI: 10.3390/gels10010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
In the present study, Fe3O4/poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-itaconic acid) magnetic hydrogels (MHGs) were prepared by in situ synthesis of Fe3O4 magnetic particles in hydrogels (HGs). The resulting magnetic hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and N2 adsorption-desorption. The effect of Fe3O4 on the swelling behavior and adsorption of methylene blue (MB) dye of the prepared hydrogel was studied. Parameters such as the dose, pH, contact time, and MB initial concentration were investigated. The results show that 75% (HG) and 91% (MHG) of MB (200 mg/L) were removed at doses of 2 mg/mL and 1 mg/mL, respectively, under a pH of 6.8 and a contact time of 10 min. The adsorption behavior followed the Langmuir isotherm model, indicating that the adsorption process takes place in monolayers and on homogeneous surfaces. The Langmuir capacities for MB adsorption using the HGs and MHGs were 78 and 174 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. In addition, thermodynamic studies carried out show that the adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic. Adsorption-desorption studies indicate that the magnetic hydrogel can remove MB for four cycles with removal efficiencies above 90%. Therefore, a MHG is suitable as an alternative material for MB adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Ludeña
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Biopolímeros y Metalofármacos (LIBIPMET), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Av. Tupac Amaru 210, Rimac, Lima 15333, Peru; (M.A.L.); (R.I.H.)
| | - Flor de L. Meza
- Tecnología Materiales para Remediación Ambiental (TecMARA), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Av. Tupac Amaru 210, Rimac, Lima 15333, Peru;
| | - Reneé I. Huamán
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Biopolímeros y Metalofármacos (LIBIPMET), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Av. Tupac Amaru 210, Rimac, Lima 15333, Peru; (M.A.L.); (R.I.H.)
| | - Ana M. Lechuga
- Departamento Académico de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Físicas y Matematicas, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco (UNSAAC), Av. de la Cultura 733, Cusco 921, Peru;
| | - Ana C. Valderrama
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Biopolímeros y Metalofármacos (LIBIPMET), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Av. Tupac Amaru 210, Rimac, Lima 15333, Peru; (M.A.L.); (R.I.H.)
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Pirozzi A, Rincón E, Espinosa E, Donsì F, Serrano L. Nanostructured Cellulose-Based Aerogels: Influence of Chemical/Mechanical Cascade Processes on Quality Index for Benchmarking Dye Pollutant Adsorbents in Wastewater Treatment. Gels 2023; 9:958. [PMID: 38131944 PMCID: PMC10742814 DOI: 10.3390/gels9120958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Nanostructured cellulose has emerged as an efficient bio-adsorbent aerogel material, offering biocompatibility and renewable sourcing advantages. This study focuses on isolating (ligno)cellulose nanofibers ((L)CNFs) from barley straw and producing aerogels to develop sustainable and highly efficient decontamination systems. (2) Methods: (Ligno)cellulose pulp has been isolated from barley straw through a pulping process, and was subsequently deconstructed into nanofibers employing various pre-treatment methods (TEMPO-mediated oxidation process or PFI beater mechanical treatment) followed by the high-pressure homogenization (HPH) process. (3) Results: The aerogels made by (L)CNFs, with a higher crystallinity degree, larger aspect ratio, lower shrinkage rate, and higher Young's modulus than cellulose aerogels, successfully adsorb and remove organic dye pollutants from wastewater. (L)CNF-based aerogels, with a quality index (determined using four characterization parameters) above 70%, exhibited outstanding contaminant removal capacity over 80%. The high specific surface area of nanocellulose isolated using the TEMPO oxidation process significantly enhanced the affinity and interactions between hydroxyl and carboxyl groups of nanofibers and cationic groups of contaminants. The efficacy in adsorbing cationic dyes in wastewater onto the aerogels was verified by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. (4) Conclusions: This study offers insights into designing and applying advanced (L)CNF-based aerogels as efficient wastewater decontamination and environmental remediation platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annachiara Pirozzi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Esther Rincón
- BioPrEn Group (RNM 940), Chemical Engineering Department, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente (IQUEMA), Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (E.R.); (E.E.)
| | - Eduardo Espinosa
- BioPrEn Group (RNM 940), Chemical Engineering Department, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente (IQUEMA), Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (E.R.); (E.E.)
| | - Francesco Donsì
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Luis Serrano
- BioPrEn Group (RNM 940), Chemical Engineering Department, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente (IQUEMA), Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (E.R.); (E.E.)
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Takahashi T, Sato F, Shinkai K. The Effects of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Used to Sterilize Carious Dentin on Rat Dental Pulp Tissue. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:283. [PMID: 38132421 PMCID: PMC10743003 DOI: 10.3390/dj11120283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) used to sterilize carious dentin may irritate pulp tissues because of tissue-penetrating laser and singlet oxygen generation. This study aimed to assess the effects of aPDT on rat pulp tissues. A cavity formed in a rat maxillary first molar was treated with aPDT. The combined photosensitizer and laser irradiation conditions in the aPDT groups were as follows: methylene blue and 100 mW for 60 s, brilliant blue (BB) and 100 mW for 60 s, BB and 50 mW for 120 s, and BB and 200 mW for 30 s. Each cavity was treated with an all-in-one adhesive and filled with flowable resin. aPDT was not applied for the control. In each group, the rats were sacrificed on postoperative days 1 and 14, and thin sections of the treated teeth were prepared. Pulp tissue disorganization (PTD), inflammatory cell infiltration (ICI), and tertiary dentin formation (TDF) were evaluated. At 1-day evaluation, there were significant differences between the aPDT group and controls with respect to PTD and ICI (p < 0.01); 14 days later, almost all specimens showed tertiary dentin formation. The application of aPDT caused reversible damage to the rat pulp, while in the long term, healing occurred with the formation of tertiary dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tenyu Takahashi
- Advanced Operative Dentistry-Endodontics, The Nippon Dental University Graduate School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8580, Japan;
| | - Fumiaki Sato
- Department of Operative Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8580, Japan;
| | - Koichi Shinkai
- Advanced Operative Dentistry-Endodontics, The Nippon Dental University Graduate School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8580, Japan;
- Department of Operative Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8580, Japan;
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Kumaravel A, Selvamani V, Hong SH. Photocatalytic Reduction of Methylene Blue by Surface-Engineered Recombinant Escherichia coli as a Whole-Cell Biocatalyst. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1389. [PMID: 38135980 PMCID: PMC10741084 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10121389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel Escherichia coli strain, created by engineering its cell surface with a cobalt-binding peptide CP1, was investigated in this study. The recombinant strain, pBAD30-YiaT-CP1, was structurally modeled to determine its cobalt-binding affinity. Furthermore, the effectiveness and specificity of pBAD30-CP1 in adsorbing and extracting cobalt from artificial wastewater polluted with the metal were investigated. The modified cells were subjected to cobalt concentrations (0.25 mM to 1 mM) and pH levels (pH 3, 5, 7, and 9). When exposed to a pH of 7 and a cobalt concentration of 1 mM, the pBAD30-CP1 strain had the best cobalt recovery efficiency, measuring 1468 mol/g DCW (Dry Cell Weight). Furthermore, pBAD30-CP1 had a higher affinity for cobalt than nickel and manganese. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) were used to examine the physiochemical parameters of the recombinant cells after cobalt adsorption. These approaches revealed the presence of cobalt in a bound state on the cell surface in the form of nanoparticles. In addition, the cobalt-binding recombinant strains were used in the photocatalytic reduction of methylene blue, which resulted in a 59.52% drop in the observed percentage. This study shows that modified E. coli strains have the potential for efficient cobalt recovery and application in environmental remediation operations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Soon Ho Hong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Ulsan, 93 Daehak-ro, Nam-gu, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea; (A.K.); (V.S.)
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Azis T, Muzakkar MZ, Nurwahida AT, Dali N, Kadir LOA, Lestari DA, Salim LOA. ZnO-Enhanced Reduced Graphene Oxide Electrodes from Cocoa Shell: Nanoarchitectonics Platform for Photoelectrocatalytic Detection of Methylene Blue. J Oleo Sci 2023; 72:1133-1140. [PMID: 37766576 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess23152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we report the successful preparation of reduced graphene oxide modified zinc oxide (rGO-ZnO) composites from cocoa shells. Synthesis of rGO-ZnO was carried out using the Hummer method and thermal reduction. The electrode material was comprehensively characterized using fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy & Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX). The photoelectrocatalytic performance of the prepared composite electrodes was evaluated using various electrochemical techniques, including Linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV), Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), and Multi Pulse Amperometry (MPA). The FTIR analysis of rGO-ZnO exhibited distinct bands corresponding to C-O at 1022 cm-1, C=C at 1600 cm-1, and Zn-O at 455 cm-1. The XRD analysis revealed characteristic peaks at 26.6º, 29.2º, 36.2º, 44.04º, 47.58º, and 64.4º, confirming the presence of key crystalline phases. SEM-EDX analysis of rGO-ZnO revealed a rough surface morphology with bright white and black regions, signifying the coexistence of ZnO and rGO with carbon, oxygen, and zinc contents of 78.98%, 17.46%, and 3.56%, respectively. The investigations involved the photoelectrochemical profiles of methylene blue organic dyes at different concentrations, ranging from 0.5 ppm to 3.0 ppm. The acquired findings offer valuable understanding into the photoelectrocatalytic effectiveness of the composite electrodes containing rGO-ZnO, suggesting their potential use in potential scenarios involving the revitalization of the environment in industrial water systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamrin Azis
- Department Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Halu Oleo
| | | | | | - Nasriadi Dali
- Department Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Halu Oleo
| | - La Ode Abdul Kadir
- Department Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Halu Oleo
| | - Dian Ayu Lestari
- Department Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Halu Oleo
| | - La Ode Agus Salim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Technology and Health, Institut Sains Teknologi dan Kesehatan (ISTEK) 'Aisyiyah Kendari
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Aldeghaither S, Deschênes PJF, Samoukovic G. Anticholinergic Toxidrome as a Possible Explanation for Methylene Blue Toxicity. Am J Case Rep 2023; 24:e941453. [PMID: 37967040 PMCID: PMC10660293 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.941453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylene blue has multiple uses in medicine. It is generally used to treat refractory vasoplegia and methemoglobin toxicity, and can be used as a dye to localize the parathyroid glands intra-operatively. In refractory vasoplegia, methylene blue inhibits endothelial nitric oxide and guanylate cyclase, causing vasoconstriction and potentially stabilizing blood pressure. Multiple complications have been associated with the use of methylene blue. These are related to either the sole effect of methylene blue or the combined effect of methylene blue and certain antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). To the best of our knowledge, in the setting of post-cardiac surgery vasoplegia, there have been no reports of the neurological toxicity of methylene blue in the absence of SSRI use. In this case report, we describe the anticholinergic manifestations associated with the use of methylene blue in post-cardiac surgery vasoplegia. CASE REPORT A male patient in his mid-sixties with severe mitral regurgitation underwent elective mitral valve replacement. Postoperatively, he was hypotensive and required a high dose of vasopressors. Methylene blue was administered to treat refractory vasoplegia. The patient became anuric and febrile, with bilateral mydriasis. Internal cooling and continuous renal replacement therapy were initiated, and symptoms rapidly resolved. The patient was discharged after prolonged hospitalization with a permanent catheter for hemodialysis. CONCLUSIONS Anticholinergic toxidrome may explain the neurological adverse effects associated with high doses of methylene blue. Physicians should be cautious when using methylene blue in combination with other anticholinergic drugs and in conditions of renal failure. The development of methylene blue toxicity warrants the urgent discontinuation of the agent and early drug elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saud Aldeghaither
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Gordan Samoukovic
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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50
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Cheng Y, Li C, Hamukwaya SL, Huang G, Zhao Z. Synthesis of Composite Titanate Photocatalyst via Molten Salt Processing and Its Enhanced Photocatalytic Properties. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2944. [PMID: 37999298 PMCID: PMC10675444 DOI: 10.3390/nano13222944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalysis plays a pivotal role in environmental remediation and energy production and improving the efficiency of photocatalysts, yet enhancing its efficiency remains a challenge. Titanate has been claimed to be a very promising material amongst various photocatalysts in recent years. In this work, a novel composite photocatalyst of sodium titanate and potassium titanate was synthesized via a simple hydrothermal and molten salt calcination method. Low melting point nitrate was added in the calcination process, which helps reduce the calcination temperature. The as-prepared composite sample showed excellent photocatalytic performance compared with commercial P25 in the visible light range. According to the characterization of XRD, SEM, TEM, BET, UV-Vis, and photocatalytic property testing, the composite's photocatalytic performance results are due to the dual optimization brought about by the layered structure and composite of titanium salts forming a heterojunction. We believe that the composite has significant application potential for the use of titanate in the field of photocatalysis. Notably, this study employed well-documented synthesis methods and adhered to established protocols for experimental procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cheng
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shindume Lomboleni Hamukwaya
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
- School of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Namibia, Ongwediva, Windhoek 33004, Namibia
| | - Guangdong Huang
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zengying Zhao
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
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