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Scalise F, Cavanna F, Godio C, Beretta EP. Exercise Intensity and Activity Energy Expenditure of Professional Golf Players in Official Competitive Setting. Sports Health 2024; 16:481-486. [PMID: 37278287 PMCID: PMC11025503 DOI: 10.1177/19417381231175149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research regarding the physical needs of professional golf players is lacking. With advances in wearable technology, it has become easier to analyze physiological responses such as heart rate (HR) to determine activity energy expenditure (AEE). The purpose of the study was to evaluate exercise intensity (EI) and AEE during 4 consecutive tournament's golf rounds using a popular wrist-based HR monitoring. HYPOTHESIS Wearable systems for HR monitoring can be used to provide an accurate estimate of energy expenditure. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 3. METHODS A total of 20 male professional golfers participated in the study. Each player was monitored during an official tournament consisting of 4 rounds of 18 holes. EI and AEE were determined using HR wrist monitoring (Whoop Strap 2.0). We calculated the percentage of HRmax (%HRmax) and the percentage of HRres (%HRres) and the AEE in kcal/min using Keytel's formula. RESULTS The calculated mean %HRmax and %HRres for the study population were 56.4% ± 1.8% and 40.5% ± 2.6%, respectively. Considering American College of Sports Medicine guidelines, these average percentages correspond to a moderate EI. The average caloric expenditure was 5.4 ± 0.4 kcal/min and 1555.8 ± 157.8 kcal per round considering an average golf round duration of 288.3 ± 19.5 minutes. CONCLUSION A professional player's golf round is moderate physical activity. The AEE of this activity was equal to 5.4 cal/min, which is moderate energy consumption. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These data could help golf coaches and conditioning coaches to have a better understanding of the load placed on golfers during tournaments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Scalise
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Heart Center, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Godio
- Nutritional Development Department, DS Medica, Milan, Italy
| | - Egidio P. Beretta
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università degli Studi Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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Wu B, Qi Q, Liu L, Liu Y, Wang J. Wearable Aerogels for Personal Thermal Management and Smart Devices. ACS Nano 2024; 18:9798-9822. [PMID: 38551449 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Extreme climates have become frequent nowadays, causing increased heat stress in human daily life. Personal thermal management (PTM), a technology that controls the human body's microenvironment, has become a promising strategy to address heat stress. While effective in ordinary environments, traditional high-performance fibers, such as ultrafine, porous, highly thermally conductive, and phase change materials, fall short when dealing with harsh conditions or large temperature fluctuations. Aerogels, a third-generation superinsulation material, have garnered extensive attention among researchers for their thermal management applications in building energy conservation, transportation, and aerospace, attributed to their extremely low densities and thermal conductivity. While aerogels have historically faced challenges related to weak mechanical strength and limited secondary processing capacity, recent advancements have witnessed notable progress in the development of wearable aerogels for PTM. This progress underscores their potential applications within extremely harsh environments, serving as self-powered smart devices and sensors. This Review offers a timely overview of wearable aerogels and their PTM applications with a particular focus on their wearability and suitability. Finally, the discussion classifies five types of PTM applications based on aerogel function: thermal insulation, heating, cooling, adaptive regulation (involving thermal insulation, heating, and cooling), and utilization of aerogels as wearable smart devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wu
- Emergency Research Institute, Chinese Institute of Coal Science, Beijing 100013, P. R. China
| | - Qingjie Qi
- Emergency Research Institute, Chinese Institute of Coal Science, Beijing 100013, P. R. China
| | - Ling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yingjie Liu
- Emergency Research Institute, Chinese Institute of Coal Science, Beijing 100013, P. R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
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Nakamura A, Matsumura T, Takeshima Y, Kuru S, Imazaki M, Nonomura H, Kaiya H. The Association Between Physical Activity/Heart Rate Variability Data Obtained Using a Wearable Device and Timed Motor Functional Tests in Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Pilot Study. J Neuromuscul Dis 2024:JND230142. [PMID: 38607760 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-230142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Background Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a devastating X-linked muscle disease. Clinical evaluation of DMD uses patient-intensive motor function tests, and the recent development of wearable devices allows the collection of a variety of biometric information, including physical activity. Objective In this study, we examined differences in physical activity and heart rate variability (HRV) between patients with DMD and healthy subjects using a wearable device, and investigated any association between these parameters and motor function in patients with DMD. Methods Participants were 7 patients with DMD and 8 healthy males, whose physical activity and HRV were provided by a wearable device. These data were used to investigate the relationship between both physical activity and HRV parameters and timed motor functional tests [Time to stand from supine, 10-meter walking time (10MWT), North Star Ambulatory Assessment (NSAA), and 6-minute walking test (6MWT)] in patients with DMD. Results Results of 24-hours physical activity, fat burning, total number of steps and active distance, average step rate, average exercise intensity during walking, exercise, degree of forward lean during walking, maximum heart rate, normalized low frequency power (LF norm), and maximum exercise intensity in patients with DMD were lower than those in control subjects. Physical activity and HRV parameters did not correlate with the time to stand from supine. The 10MWT positively correlated with average heart rate, while NSAA negatively correlated with average heart rate, total frequency power (TF), and very low frequency power (VLF) during arousal. The 6MWT negatively correlated with ratio LF/high frequency power (HF). CONCLUSIONS Physical activity and HRV indices that differ from those of normal children and that correlate with motor function assessment may serve as digital biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinori Nakamura
- Department of Clinical Research, NHO Matsumoto Medical Center, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Matsumura
- Department of Neurology, NHO Osaka Toneyama Medical Center, Toneyama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Takeshima
- Department of Pediatrics, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kuru
- Department of Neurology, NHO Suzuka National Hospital, Suzuka, Japan
| | - Manami Imazaki
- Takeda Development Center Japan, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidenori Nonomura
- Takeda Development Center Japan, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hisanobu Kaiya
- Clinical Trials Accelerating Organization, Japan Muscular Dystrophy Association, Tokyo, Japan
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Zhang J, Guo W, Shen S, Zhang Q, Chen X, Wang Z, Shao K, Sun Q, Li C. High-Compressive, Elastic, and Wearable Cellulose Nanofiber-Based Carbon Aerogels for Efficient Electromagnetic Interference Shielding. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:16612-16621. [PMID: 38509757 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Developing excellent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with robust EMI shielding efficiency (SE), high mechanical performance, and multifunctionality is imperative. Carbon materials are well recognized as promising alternatives for high-performance EMI shielding, but their high brittleness greatly hampers their applications. In this work, a cellulose nanofiber/reduced graphene oxide-glucose carbon aerogel (C-CNFs/rGO-glu) with high compression, elasticity, and excellent EMI shielding performance was fabricated by directional freeze-drying followed by carbonization. Specifically, the height and stress retention are 88% and 90.9%, respectively, after 100 cycles of compression release at a high strain of 70%. The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the aerogels reached 67.5 dB and presented an absorption-dominant shielding mechanism with a 97.5% absorption loss ratio. Further, the carbon aerogel could capture subtle electrical signals to monitor different human behaviors and showed excellent heat insulation and infrared stealth performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, PR China
| | - Weijia Guo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, PR China
| | - Shunyu Shen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, PR China
| | - Xin Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, PR China
| | - Zhenjie Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, PR China
| | - Kai Shao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, PR China
| | - Qingfeng Sun
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, PR China
| | - Caicai Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, PR China
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Tian H, Liu C, Hao H, Wang X, Chen H, Ruan Y, Huang J. Recent advances in wearable flexible electronic skin: types, power supply methods, and development prospects. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 2024:1-38. [PMID: 38569070 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2024.2334974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, wearable e-skin has emerged as a prominent technology with a wide range of applications in healthcare, health surveillance, human-machine interface, and virtual reality. Inspired by the properties of human skin, arrayed wearable e-skin is a novel technology that offers multifunctional sensing capabilities. It can detect and quantify various stimuli, mimicking the human somatosensory system, and record a wide range of physical and physiological parameters in real time. By combining flexible electronic device units with a data acquisition system, specific functional sensors can be distributed in targeted areas to achieve high sensitivity, resolution, adjustable sensing range, and large-area expandability. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in wearable e-skin technology, including its development status, types of applications, power supply methods, and prospects for future development. The emphasis of current research is on enhancing the sensitivity and stability of sensors, improving the comfort and reliability of wearable devices, and developing intelligent data processing and application algorithms. This review aims to serve as a scientific reference for the intelligent development of wearable e-skin technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Tian
- School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi, China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi, China
| | - Huimin Hao
- School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiangrong Wang
- School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi, China
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi, China
| | - Yilei Ruan
- Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Shanxi, China
| | - Jiahai Huang
- School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi, China
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Manoharan AK, Batcha MIK, Mahalingam S, Raj B, Kim J. Recent Advances in Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials for Healthcare Monitoring. ACS Sens 2024. [PMID: 38563358 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The development of advanced technologies for the fabrication of functional nanomaterials, nanostructures, and devices has facilitated the development of biosensors for analyses. Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, with unique hierarchical structures, a high surface area, and the ability to be functionalized for target detection at the surface, exhibit high potential for biosensing applications. The electronic properties, mechanical flexibility, and optical, electrochemical, and physical properties of 2D nanomaterials can be easily modulated, enabling the construction of biosensing platforms for the detection of various analytes with targeted recognition, sensitivity, and selectivity. This review provides an overview of the recent advances in 2D nanomaterials and nanostructures used for biosensor and wearable-sensor development for healthcare and health-monitoring applications. Finally, the advantages of 2D-nanomaterial-based devices and several challenges in their optimal operation have been discussed to facilitate the development of smart high-performance biosensors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Manoharan
- Department of Electrical, Electronics and Communication Engineering, School of Technology, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (GITAM), Bengaluru 561203, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohamed Ismail Kamal Batcha
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Agni College of Technology, Chennai 600130, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shanmugam Mahalingam
- Department of Materials System Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Balwinder Raj
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology Jalandhar, Punjab 144011, India
| | - Junghwan Kim
- Department of Materials System Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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Polsinelli M, Di Matteo A, Lozzi D, Mattei E, Mignosi F, Nazzicone L, Stornelli V, Placidi G. Portable Head-Mounted System for Mobile Forearm Tracking. Sensors (Basel) 2024; 24:2227. [PMID: 38610437 PMCID: PMC11014154 DOI: 10.3390/s24072227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Computer vision (CV)-based systems using cameras and recognition algorithms offer touchless, cost-effective, precise, and versatile hand tracking. These systems allow unrestricted, fluid, and natural movements without the constraints of wearable devices, gaining popularity in human-system interaction, virtual reality, and medical procedures. However, traditional CV-based systems, relying on stationary cameras, are not compatible with mobile applications and demand substantial computing power. To address these limitations, we propose a portable hand-tracking system utilizing the Leap Motion Controller 2 (LMC) mounted on the head and controlled by a single-board computer (SBC) powered by a compact power bank. The proposed system enhances portability, enabling users to interact freely with their surroundings. We present the system's design and conduct experimental tests to evaluate its robustness under variable lighting conditions, power consumption, CPU usage, temperature, and frame rate. This portable hand-tracking solution, which has minimal weight and runs independently of external power, proves suitable for mobile applications in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandro Di Matteo
- A2VI-Lab, DISIM, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (A.D.M.); (D.L.); (E.M.); (F.M.)
| | - Daniele Lozzi
- A2VI-Lab, DISIM, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (A.D.M.); (D.L.); (E.M.); (F.M.)
| | - Enrico Mattei
- A2VI-Lab, DISIM, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (A.D.M.); (D.L.); (E.M.); (F.M.)
| | - Filippo Mignosi
- A2VI-Lab, DISIM, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (A.D.M.); (D.L.); (E.M.); (F.M.)
| | - Lorenzo Nazzicone
- A2VI-Lab, DIIIE, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (L.N.); (V.S.)
| | - Vincenzo Stornelli
- A2VI-Lab, DIIIE, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (L.N.); (V.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Placidi
- A2VI-Lab, c/o Department of MESVA, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
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Schyvens AM, Van Oost NC, Aerts JM, Masci F, Peters B, Neven A, Dirix H, Wets G, Ross V, Verbraecken J. Accuracy of Fitbit Charge 4, Garmin Vivosmart 4, and WHOOP Versus Polysomnography: Systematic Review. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2024; 12:e52192. [PMID: 38557808 PMCID: PMC11004611 DOI: 10.2196/52192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Despite being the gold-standard method for objectively assessing sleep, polysomnography (PSG) faces several limitations as it is expensive, time-consuming, and labor-intensive; requires various equipment and technical expertise; and is impractical for long-term or in-home use. Consumer wrist-worn wearables are able to monitor sleep parameters and thus could be used as an alternative for PSG. Consequently, wearables gained immense popularity over the past few years, but their accuracy has been a major concern. Objective A systematic review of the literature was conducted to appraise the performance of 3 recent-generation wearable devices (Fitbit Charge 4, Garmin Vivosmart 4, and WHOOP) in determining sleep parameters and sleep stages. Methods Per the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement, a comprehensive search was conducted using the PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Embase databases. Eligible publications were those that (1) involved the validity of sleep data of any marketed model of the candidate wearables and (2) used PSG or an ambulatory electroencephalogram monitor as a reference sleep monitoring device. Exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) incorporated a sleep diary or survey method as a reference, (2) review paper, (3) children as participants, and (4) duplicate publication of the same data and findings. Results The search yielded 504 candidate articles. After eliminating duplicates and applying the eligibility criteria, 8 articles were included. WHOOP showed the least disagreement relative to PSG and Sleep Profiler for total sleep time (-1.4 min), light sleep (-9.6 min), and deep sleep (-9.3 min) but showed the largest disagreement for rapid eye movement (REM) sleep (21.0 min). Fitbit Charge 4 and Garmin Vivosmart 4 both showed moderate accuracy in assessing sleep stages and total sleep time compared to PSG. Fitbit Charge 4 showed the least disagreement for REM sleep (4.0 min) relative to PSG. Additionally, Fitbit Charge 4 showed higher sensitivities to deep sleep (75%) and REM sleep (86.5%) compared to Garmin Vivosmart 4 and WHOOP. Conclusions The findings of this systematic literature review indicate that the devices with higher relative agreement and sensitivities to multistate sleep (ie, Fitbit Charge 4 and WHOOP) seem appropriate for deriving suitable estimates of sleep parameters. However, analyses regarding the multistate categorization of sleep indicate that all devices can benefit from further improvement in the assessment of specific sleep stages. Although providers are continuously developing new versions and variants of wearables, the scientific research on these wearables remains considerably limited. This scarcity in literature not only reduces our ability to draw definitive conclusions but also highlights the need for more targeted research in this domain. Additionally, future research endeavors should strive for standardized protocols including larger sample sizes to enhance the comparability and power of the results across studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Marie Schyvens
- Multidisciplinary Sleep Disorders Centre, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Brent Peters
- Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), School of Transportation Sciences, UHasselt, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - An Neven
- Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), School of Transportation Sciences, UHasselt, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Hélène Dirix
- Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), School of Transportation Sciences, UHasselt, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Geert Wets
- Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), School of Transportation Sciences, UHasselt, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Veerle Ross
- Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), School of Transportation Sciences, UHasselt, Hasselt, Belgium
- Faresa, Evidence-Based Psychological Centre, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Johan Verbraecken
- Multidisciplinary Sleep Disorders Centre, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
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Signore MA, Rescio G, Francioso L, Casino F, Leone A. Aluminum Nitride Thin Film Piezoelectric Pressure Sensor for Respiratory Rate Detection. Sensors (Basel) 2024; 24:2071. [PMID: 38610281 PMCID: PMC11014281 DOI: 10.3390/s24072071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we propose a low-cost piezoelectric flexible pressure sensor fabricated on Kapton® (Kapton™ Dupont) substrate by using aluminum nitride (AlN) thin film, designed for the monitoring of the respiration rate for a fast detection of respiratory anomalies. The device was characterized in the range of 15-30 breaths per minute (bpm), to simulate moderate difficult breathing, borderline normal breathing, and normal spontaneous breathing. These three breathing typologies were artificially reproduced by setting the expiratory to inspiratory ratios (E:I) at 1:1, 2:1, 3:1. The prototype was able to accurately recognize the breath states with a low response time (~35 ms), excellent linearity (R2 = 0.997) and low hysteresis. The piezoelectric device was also characterized by placing it in an activated carbon filter mask to evaluate the pressure generated by exhaled air through breathing acts. The results indicate suitability also for the monitoring of very weak breath, exhibiting good linearity, accuracy, and reproducibility, in very low breath pressures, ranging from 0.09 to 0.16 kPa. These preliminary results are very promising for the future development of smart wearable devices able to monitor different patients breathing patterns, also related to breathing diseases, providing a suitable real-time diagnosis in a non-invasive and fast way.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriele Rescio
- The National Research Council, Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (CNR IMM), Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.A.S.); (L.F.); (F.C.); (A.L.)
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Ahn HJ, Choi EK, Lee SR, Kwon S, Song HS, Lee YS, Oh S. Three-Day Monitoring of Adhesive Single-Lead Electrocardiogram Patch for Premature Ventricular Complex: Prospective Study for Diagnosis Validation and Evaluation of Burden Fluctuation. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e46098. [PMID: 38512332 PMCID: PMC10995782 DOI: 10.2196/46098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring devices are used worldwide. However, data on the diagnostic yield of an adhesive single-lead ECG patch (SEP) to detect premature ventricular complex (PVC) and the optimal duration of wearing an SEP for PVC burden assessment are limited. OBJECTIVE We aimed to validate the diagnostic yield of an SEP (mobiCARE MC-100, Seers Technology) for PVC detection and evaluate the PVC burden variation recorded by the SEP over a 3-day monitoring period. METHODS This is a prospective study of patients with documented PVC on a 12-lead ECG. Patients underwent simultaneous ECG monitoring with the 24-hour Holter monitor and SEP on the first day. On the subsequent second and third days, ECG monitoring was continued using only SEP, and a 3-day extended monitoring was completed. The diagnostic yield of SEP for PVC detection was evaluated by comparison with the results obtained on the first day of Holter monitoring. The PVC burden monitored by SEP for 3 days was used to assess the daily and 6-hour PVC burden variations. The number of patients additionally identified to reach PVC thresholds of 10%, 15%, and 20% during the 3-day extended monitoring by SEP and the clinical factors associated with the higher PVC burden variations were explored. RESULTS The recruited data of 134 monitored patients (mean age, 54.6 years; males, 45/134, 33.6%) were analyzed. The median daily PVC burden of these patients was 2.4% (IQR 0.2%-10.9%), as measured by the Holter monitor, and 3.3% (IQR 0.3%-11.7%), as measured in the 3-day monitoring by SEP. The daily PVC burden detected on the first day of SEP was in agreement with that of the Holter monitor: the mean difference was -0.07%, with 95% limits of agreement of -1.44% to 1.30%. A higher PVC burden on the first day was correlated with a higher daily (R2=0.34) and 6-hour burden variation (R2=0.48). Three-day monitoring by SEP identified 29% (12/42), 18% (10/56), and 7% (4/60) more patients reaching 10%, 15%, and 20% of daily PVC burden, respectively. Younger age was additionally associated with the identification of clinically significant PVC burden during the extended monitoring period (P=.02). CONCLUSIONS We found that the mobiCARE MC-100 SEP accurately detects PVC with comparable diagnostic yield to the 24-hour Holter monitor. Performing 3-day PVC monitoring with SEP, especially among younger patients, may offer a pragmatic alternative for identifying more individuals exceeding the clinically significant PVC burden threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jeong Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eue-Keun Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Ryoung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soonil Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Seok Song
- Seers Technology Co, Ltd, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Shin Lee
- Seers Technology Co, Ltd, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seil Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Sanjo K, Hebiguchi K, Tang C, Rashed EA, Kodera S, Togo H, Hirata A. Sensitivity of Electrocardiogram on Electrode-Pair Locations for Wearable Devices: Computational Analysis of Amplitude and Waveform Distortion. Biosensors (Basel) 2024; 14:153. [PMID: 38534260 DOI: 10.3390/bios14030153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is used to observe the electrical activity of the heart via electrodes on the body surface. Recently, an ECG with fewer electrodes, such as a bipolar ECG in which two electrodes are attached to the chest, has been employed as wearable devices. However, the effect of different geometrical factors and electrode-pair locations on the amplitude and waveform of ECG signals remains unclear. In this study, we computationally evaluated the effects of body morphology, heart size and orientation, and electrode misalignment on ECG signals for 48 scenarios using 35 bipolar electrode pairs (1680 waveforms) with a dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm. It was observed that the physique of the human body model predominantly affected the amplitude and waveform of the ECG signals. A multivariate analysis indicated that the heart-electrode distance and the solid angle of the heart from the electrode characterized the amplitude and waveform of the ECG signals, respectively. Furthermore, the electrode locations for less individual variability and less waveform distortion were close to the location of electrodes V2 and V3 in the standard 12-lead. These findings will facilitate the placement of ECG electrodes and interpretation of the measured ECG signals for wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoto Sanjo
- Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuki Hebiguchi
- Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Cheng Tang
- Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Essam A Rashed
- Graduate School of Information Science, University of Hyogo, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Sachiko Kodera
- Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Togo
- NTT Device Innovation Center, NTT Corporation, Atsugi 243-0198, Japan
| | - Akimasa Hirata
- Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
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Lang AL, Bruhn RL, Fehling M, Heidenreich A, Reisdorf J, Khanyaree I, Henningsen M, Remschmidt C. Feasibility Study on Menstrual Cycles With Fitbit Device (FEMFIT): Prospective Observational Cohort Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2024; 12:e50135. [PMID: 38470472 DOI: 10.2196/50135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite its importance to women's reproductive health and its impact on women's daily lives, the menstrual cycle, its regulation, and its impact on health remain poorly understood. As conventional clinical trials rely on infrequent in-person assessments, digital studies with wearable devices enable the collection of longitudinal subjective and objective measures. OBJECTIVE The study aims to explore the technical feasibility of collecting combined wearable and digital questionnaire data and its potential for gaining biological insights into the menstrual cycle. METHODS This prospective observational cohort study was conducted online over 12 weeks. A total of 42 cisgender women were recruited by their local gynecologist in Berlin, Germany, and given a Fitbit Inspire 2 device and access to a study app with digital questionnaires. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics on user behavior and retention, as well as a comparative analysis of symptoms from the digital questionnaires with metrics from the sensor devices at different phases of the menstrual cycle. RESULTS The average time spent in the study was 63.3 (SD 33.0) days with 9 of the 42 individuals dropping out within 2 weeks of the start of the study. We collected partial data from 114 ovulatory cycles, encompassing 33 participants, and obtained complete data from a total of 50 cycles. Participants reported a total of 2468 symptoms in the daily questionnaires administered during the luteal phase and menses. Despite difficulties with data completeness, the combined questionnaire and sensor data collection was technically feasible and provided interesting biological insights. We observed an increased heart rate in the mid and end luteal phase compared with menses and participants with severe premenstrual syndrome walked substantially fewer steps (average daily steps 10,283, SD 6277) during the luteal phase and menses compared with participants with no or low premenstrual syndrome (mean 11,694, SD 6458). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate the feasibility of using an app-based approach to collect combined wearable device and questionnaire data on menstrual cycles. Dropouts in the early weeks of the study indicated that engagement efforts would need to be improved for larger studies. Despite the challenges of collecting wearable data on consecutive days, the data collected provided valuable biological insights, suggesting that the use of questionnaires in conjunction with wearable data may provide a more complete understanding of the menstrual cycle and its impact on daily life. The biological findings should motivate further research into understanding the relationship between the menstrual cycle and objective physiological measurements from sensor devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosa-Lotta Bruhn
- Faculty of Health, University Witten Herdecke, Witten Herdecke, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Maike Henningsen
- Faculty of Health, University Witten Herdecke, Witten Herdecke, Germany
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13
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Kono Y, Miura K, Kasai H, Ito S, Asahina M, Tanabe M, Nomura Y, Nakaguchi T. Breath Measurement Method for Synchronized Reproduction of Biological Tones in an Augmented Reality Auscultation Training System. Sensors (Basel) 2024; 24:1626. [PMID: 38475162 DOI: 10.3390/s24051626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
An educational augmented reality auscultation system (EARS) is proposed to enhance the reality of auscultation training using a simulated patient. The conventional EARS cannot accurately reproduce breath sounds according to the breathing of a simulated patient because the system instructs the breathing rhythm. In this study, we propose breath measurement methods that can be integrated into the chest piece of a stethoscope. We investigate methods using the thoracic variations and frequency characteristics of breath sounds. An accelerometer, a magnetic sensor, a gyro sensor, a pressure sensor, and a microphone were selected as the sensors. For measurement with the magnetic sensor, we proposed a method by detecting the breathing waveform in terms of changes in the magnetic field accompanying the surface deformation of the stethoscope based on thoracic variations using a magnet. During breath sound measurement, the frequency spectra of the breath sounds acquired by the built-in microphone were calculated. The breathing waveforms were obtained from the difference in characteristics between the breath sounds during exhalation and inhalation. The result showed the average value of the correlation coefficient with the reference value reached 0.45, indicating the effectiveness of this method as a breath measurement method. And the evaluations suggest more accurate breathing waveforms can be obtained by selecting the measurement method according to breathing method and measurement point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Kono
- Department of Medical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoicho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi 263-8522, Chiba, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Miura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi 260-8670, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hajime Kasai
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi 260-8670, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Medical Education, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi 260-8670, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shoichi Ito
- Department of Medical Education, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi 260-8670, Chiba, Japan
- Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi 260-8677, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mayumi Asahina
- Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi 260-8677, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tanabe
- Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoicho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi 263-8522, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Nomura
- Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoicho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi 263-8522, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshiya Nakaguchi
- Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoicho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi 263-8522, Chiba, Japan
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14
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Ke Q, Zhang X, Yang Y, Chen Q, Su J, Tang Y, Fang L. Wearable Magnetoelectric Stimulation for Chronic Wound Healing by Electrospun CoFe 2O 4@CTAB/PVDF Dressings. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:9839-9853. [PMID: 38372569 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Magnetoelectric stimulation is a promising therapy for various disorders due to its high efficacy and safety. To explore its potential in chronic skin wound treatment, we developed a magnetoelectric dressing, CFO@CTAB/PVDF (CCP), by electrospinning cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-modified CoFe2O4 (CFO) particles with polyvinylidene fluoride. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) serves as a dispersion surfactant for CFO, with its quaternary ammonium cations imparting antibacterial and hydrophilic properties to the dressing. Electrospinning polarizes polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) molecules and forms a fibrous membrane with flexibility and breathability. With a wearable electromagnetic induction device, a dynamic magnetic field is established to induce magnetostrictive deformation of CFO nanoparticles. Consequently, a piezoelectric potential is generated on the surface of PVDF nanofibers to enhance the endogenous electrical field in the wound, achieving a cascade coupling of electric-magnetic-mechanical-electric effects. Bacteria and cell cultures show that 2% CTAB effectively balances antibacterial property and fibroblast activity. Under dynamic magnetoelectric stimulation, the CCP dressing demonstrates significant upregulation of TGF-β, FGF, and VEGF, promoting L929 cell adhesion and proliferation. Moreover, it facilitates the healing of diabetic rat skin wounds infected with Staphylococcus aureus within 2 weeks. Histological and molecular biology evaluations confirm the anti-inflammatory effect of CTAB and the accelerated formation of collagen and vessel by electrical stimulation. This work provides insights into the application of magnetoelectric stimulation in the healing of chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Ke
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan 381, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan 381, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan 381, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qi Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan 381, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jianyu Su
- China-Singapore International Joint Research Institute, China-Singapore Smart Park, Huangpu District, Guangzhou 510555, China
| | - Youhong Tang
- Medical Device Research Institute, Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Liming Fang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan 381, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, China
- China-Singapore International Joint Research Institute, China-Singapore Smart Park, Huangpu District, Guangzhou 510555, China
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15
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Wang J, Zhou Z, Cheng S, Zhou L, Sun X, Song Z, Wu Z, Lu J, Qin Y, Wang Y. Dual-task turn velocity - a novel digital biomarker for mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1304265. [PMID: 38476660 PMCID: PMC10927999 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1304265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Disorders associated with cognitive impairment impose a significant burden on both families and society. Previous studies have indicated that gait characteristics under dual-task as reliable markers of early cognitive impairment. Therefore, digital gait detection has great potential for future cognitive screening. However, research on digital biomarkers based on smart devices to identify cognitive impairment remains limited. The aim of this study is to explore digital gait biomarkers by utilizing intelligent wearable devices for discriminating mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Methods This study included 122 subjects (age: 74.7 ± 7.7 years) diagnosed with normal cognition (NC, n = 38), mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 42), or dementia (n = 42). All subjects underwent comprehensive neuropsychological assessments and cranial Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Gait parameters were collected using validated wearable devices in both single-task and dual-task (DT). We analyzed the ability of gait variables to predict MCI and dementia, and examined the correlations between specific DT-gait parameters and sub-cognitive functions as well as hippocampal atrophy. Results Our results demonstrated that dual-task could significantly improve the ability to predict cognitive impairment based on gait parameters such as gait speed (GS) and stride length (SL). Additionally, we discovered that turn velocity (TV and DT-TV) can be a valuable novel digital marker for predicting MCI and dementia, for identifying MCI (DT-TV: AUC = 0.801, sensitivity 0.738, specificity 0.842), and dementia (DT-TV: AUC = 0.923, sensitivity 0.857, specificity 0.842). The correlation analysis and linear regression analysis revealed a robust association between DT-TV and memory function, as well as the hippocampus atrophy. Conclusion This study presents a novel finding that DT-TV could accurately identify varying degrees of cognitive impairment. DT-TV is strongly correlated with memory function and hippocampus shrinkage, suggests that it can accurately reflect changes in cognitive function. Therefore, DT-TV could serve as a novel and effective digital biomarker for discriminating cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zheping Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Nantong University, Changshu, China
| | - Shanshan Cheng
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaoou Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ziyang Song
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Wu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jinhua Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yiren Qin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yueju Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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16
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Agarwal AK, Gonzales R, Scott K, Merchant R. Investigating the Feasibility of Using a Wearable Device to Measure Physiologic Health Data in Emergency Nurses and Residents: Observational Cohort Study. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e51569. [PMID: 38386373 PMCID: PMC10921319 DOI: 10.2196/51569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emergency departments play a pivotal role in the US health care system, with high use rates and inherent stress placed on patients, patient care, and clinicians. The impact of the emergency department environment on the health and well-being of emergency residents and nurses can be seen in worsening rates of burnout and cardiovascular health. Research on clinician health has historically been completed outside of clinical areas and not personalized to the individual. The expansion of digital technology, specifically wearable devices, may enhance the ability to understand how health care environments impact clinicians. OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this pilot study was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of using wearable devices to measure and record physiologic data from emergency nurses and resident physicians. Understanding strategies that are accepted and used by clinicians is critical prior to launching larger investigations aimed at improving outcomes. METHODS This was a longitudinal pilot study conducted at an academic, urban, level 1 trauma center. A total of 20 participants, including emergency medicine resident physicians and nurses, were equipped with a wearable device (WHOOP band) and access to a mobile health platform for 6 weeks. Baseline surveys assessed burnout, mental health, and expectations of the device and experience. Participants provided open-ended feedback on the device and platform, contributing to the assessment of acceptance, adoption, and use of the wearable device. Secondary measures explored early signs and variations in heart rate variability, sleep, recovery, burnout, and mental health assessments. RESULTS Of the 20 participants, 10 consistently used the wearable device. Feedback highlighted varying experiences with the device, with a preference for more common wearables like the Apple Watch or Fitbit. Resident physicians demonstrated higher engagement with the device and platform as compared with nurses. Baseline mental health assessments indicated mild anxiety and depressive symptoms among participants. The Professional Fulfillment Index revealed low professional fulfillment, moderate workplace exhaustion, and interpersonal disengagement. CONCLUSIONS This pilot study underscores the potential of wearable devices in monitoring emergency clinicians' physiologic data but reveals challenges related to device preferences and engagement. The key takeaway is the necessity to optimize device and platform design for clinician use. Larger, randomized trials are recommended to further explore and refine strategies for leveraging wearable technology to support the well-being of the emergency workforce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anish K Agarwal
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Health Care Transformation and Innovation, Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rachel Gonzales
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Health Care Transformation and Innovation, Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kevin Scott
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Raina Merchant
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Health Care Transformation and Innovation, Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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17
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Skoraczynski DJ, Chen C. Novel near E-Field Topography Sensor for Human-Machine Interfacing in Robotic Applications. Sensors (Basel) 2024; 24:1379. [PMID: 38474915 DOI: 10.3390/s24051379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
This work investigates a new sensing technology for use in robotic human-machine interface (HMI) applications. The proposed method uses near E-field sensing to measure small changes in the limb surface topography due to muscle actuation over time. The sensors introduced in this work provide a non-contact, low-computational-cost, and low-noise method for sensing muscle activity. By evaluating the key sensor characteristics, such as accuracy, hysteresis, and resolution, the performance of this sensor is validated. Then, to understand the potential performance in intention detection, the unmodified digital output of the sensor is analysed against movements of the hand and fingers. This is done to demonstrate the worst-case scenario and to show that the sensor provides highly targeted and relevant data on muscle activation before any further processing. Finally, a convolutional neural network is used to perform joint angle prediction over nine degrees of freedom, achieving high-level regression performance with an RMSE value of less than six degrees for thumb and wrist movements and 11 degrees for finger movements. This work demonstrates the promising performance of this novel approach to sensing for use in human-machine interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz J Skoraczynski
- Laboratory of Motion Generation and Analysis (LMGA), Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Chao Chen
- Laboratory of Motion Generation and Analysis (LMGA), Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
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18
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Hao D, Gong Y, Wu J, Shen Q, Zhang Z, Zhi J, Zou R, Kong W, Kong L. A Self-Sensing and Self-Powered Wearable System Based on Multi-Source Human Motion Energy Harvesting. Small 2024:e2311036. [PMID: 38342584 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Wearable devices play an indispensable role in modern life, and the human body contains multiple wasted energies available for wearable devices. This study proposes a self-sensing and self-powered wearable system (SS-WS) based on scavenging waist motion energy and knee negative energy. The proposed SS-WS consists of a three-degree-of-freedom triboelectric nanogenerator (TDF-TENG) and a negative energy harvester (NEH). The TDF-TENG is driven by waist motion energy and the generated triboelectric signals are processed by deep learning for recognizing the human motion. The triboelectric signals generated by TDF-TENG can accurately recognize the motion state after processing based on Gate Recurrent Unit deep learning model. With double frequency up-conversion, the NEH recovers knee negative energy generation for powering wearable devices. A model wearing the single energy harvester can generate the power of 27.01 mW when the movement speed is 8 km h-1 , and the power density of NEH reaches 0.3 W kg-1 at an external excitation condition of 3 Hz. Experiments and analysis prove that the proposed SS-WS can realize self-sensing and effectively power wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daning Hao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
- Yibin Research Institute, Southwest Jiaotong University, Yibin, 644000, China
| | - Yuchen Gong
- Yibin Research Institute, Southwest Jiaotong University, Yibin, 644000, China
- Tangshan Institute of Southwest Jiaotong University, Tangshan, 063008, China
| | - Jiaoyi Wu
- Yibin Research Institute, Southwest Jiaotong University, Yibin, 644000, China
- School of Information Science and Technical, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Qianhui Shen
- School of Design, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Zutao Zhang
- Chengdu Technological University, Chengdu, 611730, China
| | - Jinyi Zhi
- School of Design, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Rui Zou
- School of Design, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Weihua Kong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
- Yibin Research Institute, Southwest Jiaotong University, Yibin, 644000, China
| | - Lingji Kong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
- Yibin Research Institute, Southwest Jiaotong University, Yibin, 644000, China
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19
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Ahn CY, Lee JS. Digital Phenotyping for Real-Time Monitoring of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury: Protocol for a Prospective Observational Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e53597. [PMID: 38329791 PMCID: PMC10884894 DOI: 10.2196/53597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a major global health concern. The limitations of traditional clinical and laboratory-based methodologies are recognized, and there is a pressing need to use novel approaches for the early detection and prevention of NSSI. Unfortunately, there is still a lack of basic knowledge of a descriptive nature on NSSI, including when, how, and why self-injury occurs in everyday life. Digital phenotyping offers the potential to predict and prevent NSSI by assessing objective and ecological measurements at multiple points in time. OBJECTIVE This study aims to identify real-time predictors and explain an individual's dynamic course of NSSI. METHODS This study will use a hybrid approach, combining elements of prospective observational research with non-face-to-face study methods. This study aims to recruit a cohort of 150 adults aged 20 to 29 years who have self-reported engaging in NSSI on 5 or more days within the past year. Participants will be enrolled in a longitudinal study conducted at 3-month intervals, spanning 3 long-term follow-up phases. The ecological momentary assessment (EMA) technique will be used via a smartphone app. Participants will be prompted to complete a self-injury and suicidality questionnaire and a mood appraisal questionnaire 3 times a day for a duration of 14 days. A wrist-worn wearable device will be used to collect heart rate, step count, and sleep patterns from participants. Dynamic structural equation modeling and machine learning approaches will be used. RESULTS Participant recruitment and data collection started in October 2023. Data collection and analysis are expected to be completed by December 2024. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at scientific conferences. CONCLUSIONS The insights gained from this study will not only shed light on the underlying mechanisms of NSSI but also pave the way for the development of tailored and culturally sensitive treatment options that can effectively address this major mental health concern. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/53597.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Young Ahn
- Department of Psychology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sun Lee
- Department of Psychology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si, Republic of Korea
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Kumar A, Kim JH, Chang DW. Flexible and Ultra Low Weight Energy Harvesters Based on 2D Phosphorene or Black phosphorus (BP): Current and Futuristic Prospects. ChemSusChem 2024:e202301718. [PMID: 38318655 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Phosphorene, or two-dimensional (2D) black phosphorus, has recently emerged as a competitor of graphene as it offers several advantages, including a tunable band gap, higher on/off current ratio, piezoelectric nature, and biocompatibility. Researchers have succeeded in obtaining several forms of phosphorene, such as nanosheets, nanorods, nanoribbons, and quantum dots, with satisfactory yields. Nanostructures with various controlled properties have been fabricated in multiple devices for energy production. These phosphorene-based devices are lightweight, flexible, and efficient, demonstrating great potential for energy-harvesting applications in sensors and nanogenerators. While ongoing exploration and advancements continue for these lightweight energy harvesters, it is essential to review the current progress in order to develop a future roadmap for the potential use of these phosphorene-based energy harvesters in space programs. They could be employed in applications such as wearable devices for astronauts, where ultralow weight is a vital component of any integrated device. This review also anticipates the growing significance of phosphorene in various emerging applications such as robots, information storage devices, and artificial intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avneesh Kumar
- Department of Industrial Chemistry and CECS Core Research Institute, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Kim
- Department of Polymer Engineering and CECS Core Research Institute, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Wook Chang
- Department of Industrial Chemistry and CECS Core Research Institute, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
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Meyer F, Sandbakk Ø, Millet GP. Editorial: Sport performance analysis: from the laboratory to the field. Front Sports Act Living 2024; 6:1372080. [PMID: 38371853 PMCID: PMC10874104 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1372080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Meyer
- Laboratory of Signal Processing 5, Swiss Federal School of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Digital Signal Processing Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øyvind Sandbakk
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Centre for Elite Sports Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Gregoire P. Millet
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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22
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Seth EA, Watterson J, Xie J, Arulsamy A, Md Yusof HH, Ngadimon IW, Khoo CS, Kadirvelu A, Shaikh MF. Feasibility of cardiac-based seizure detection and prediction: A systematic review of non-invasive wearable sensor-based studies. Epilepsia Open 2024; 9:41-59. [PMID: 37881157 PMCID: PMC10839362 DOI: 10.1002/epi4.12854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A reliable seizure detection or prediction device can potentially reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with epileptic seizures. Previous findings indicating alterations in cardiac activity during seizures suggest the usefulness of cardiac parameters for seizure detection or prediction. This study aims to examine available studies on seizure detection and prediction based on cardiac parameters using non-invasive wearable devices. The Embase, PubMed, and Scopus databases were used to systematically search according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Human studies that evaluated seizure detection or prediction based on cardiac parameters collected using wearable devices were included. The QUADAS-2 tool and proposed standards for validation for seizure detection devices were used for quality assessment. Twenty-four articles were identified and included in the analysis. Twenty studies evaluated seizure detection algorithms, and four studies focused on seizure prediction. Most studies used either a wrist-worn or chest-worn device for data acquisition. Among the seizure detection studies, cardiac parameters utilized for the algorithms mainly included heart rate (HR) (n = 11) or a combination of HR and heart rate variability (HRV) (n = 6). HR-based seizure detection studies collectively reported a sensitivity range of 56%-100% and a false alarm rate (FAR) of 0.02-8/h, with most studies performing retrospective validation of the algorithms. Three of the seizure prediction studies retrospectively validated multimodal algorithms, combining cardiac features with other physiological signals. Only one study prospectively validated their seizure prediction algorithm using HRV extracted from ECG data collected from a custom wearable device. These studies have demonstrated the feasibility of using cardiac parameters for seizure detection and prediction with wearable devices, with varying algorithmic performance. Many studies are in the proof-of-principle stage, and evidence for real-time detection or prediction is currently limited. Future studies should prioritize further refinement of the algorithm performance with prospective validation using large-scale longitudinal data. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY: This systematic review highlights the potential use of wearable devices, like wristbands, for detecting and predicting seizures via the measurement of heart activity. By reviewing 24 articles, it was found that most studies focused on using heart rate and changes in heart rate for seizure detection. There was a lack of studies looking at seizure prediction. The results were promising but most studies were not conducted in real-time. Therefore, more real-time studies are needed to verify the usage of heart activity-related wearable devices to detect seizures and even predict them, which will be beneficial to people with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eryse Amira Seth
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwayMalaysia
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwayMalaysia
| | - Jessica Watterson
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwayMalaysia
- Department of Human‐Centred ComputingMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Jue Xie
- Department of Human‐Centred ComputingMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Alina Arulsamy
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwayMalaysia
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwayMalaysia
| | - Hadri Hadi Md Yusof
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwayMalaysia
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwayMalaysia
| | - Irma Wati Ngadimon
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwayMalaysia
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwayMalaysia
| | - Ching Soong Khoo
- Neurology Unit, Department of MedicineUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical CentreKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Amudha Kadirvelu
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwayMalaysia
| | - Mohd Farooq Shaikh
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwayMalaysia
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwayMalaysia
- School of Dentistry and Medical SciencesCharles Sturt UniversityOrangeNew South WalesAustralia
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Lamunion SR, Brychta RJ, Saint-Maurice PF, Matthews CE, Chen KY. Does Wrist-Worn Accelerometer Wear Compliance Wane over a Free-Living Assessment Period? An NHANES Analysis. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2024; 56:209-220. [PMID: 37703285 PMCID: PMC10872893 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Accelerometers are used to objectively measure physical behaviors in free-living environments, typically for seven consecutive days or more. We examined whether participants experience "wear fatigue," a decline in wear time day over day, during typical assessment period acquired in a nationally representative sample of 6- to 80-yr-olds in the United States. METHODS Participants were instructed to wear an ActiGraph GT3X+ on their nondominant wrist continuously for seven consecutive days. Participants with seven complete days of recorded data, regardless of wear status, were included in the analyses ( N = 13,649). Wear was scored with the sleep, wake, and nonwear algorithm. RESULTS Participants averaged 1248 ± 3.6 min·d -1 (mean ± SE) of wear over the assessment, but wear time linearly decreased from day 1 (1295 ± 3.2 min) to day 7 (1170 ± 5.3 min), resulting in a wear fatigue of -18.1 ± 0.7 min·d -1 ( β ± SE). Wear fatigue did not differ by sex but varied by age-group-highest in adolescents (-26.8 ± 2.4 min·d -1 ) and lowest in older adults (-9.3 ± 0.9 min·d -1 ). Wear was lower in evening (1800-2359 h) and early morning (0000-0559 h) compared with the middle of the day and on weekend days compared with weekdays. We verified similar wear fatigue (-23.5 ± 0.7 min·d -1 ) in a separate sample ( N = 14,631) with hip-worn devices and different wear scoring. Applying minimum wear criteria of ≥10 h·d -1 for ≥4 d reduced wear fatigue to -5.3 and -18.7 min·d -1 for the wrist and hip, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Patterns of wear suggest noncompliance may disproportionately affect estimates of sleep and sedentary behavior, particularly for adolescents. Further study is needed to determine the effect of wear fatigue on longer assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel R Lamunion
- Energy Metabolism Section, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
| | - Robert J Brychta
- Energy Metabolism Section, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
| | - Pedro F Saint-Maurice
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Charles E Matthews
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Kong Y Chen
- Energy Metabolism Section, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
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24
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Tang Z, Patyk A, Jolly J, Goldstein SP, Thomas JG, Hoover A. Detecting Eating Episodes From Wrist Motion Using Daily Pattern Analysis. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2024; 28:1054-1065. [PMID: 38079368 PMCID: PMC10904729 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2023.3341077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
This paper presents new methods to detect eating from wrist motion. Our main novelty is that we analyze a full day of wrist motion data as a single sample so that the detection of eating occurrences can benefit from diurnal context. We develop a two-stage framework to facilitate a feasible full-day analysis. The first-stage model calculates local probabilities of eating P(Ew) within windows of data, and the second-stage model calculates enhanced probabilities of eating P(Ed) by treating all P(Ew) within a single day as one sample. The framework also incorporates an augmentation technique, which involves the iterative retraining of the first-stage model. This allows us to generate a sufficient number of day-length samples from datasets of limited size. We test our methods on the publicly available Clemson All-Day (CAD) dataset and FreeFIC dataset, and find that the inclusion of day-length analysis substantially improves accuracy in detecting eating episodes. We also benchmark our results against several state-of-the-art methods. Our approach achieved an eating episode true positive rate (TPR) of 89% with 1.4 false positives per true positive (FP/TP), and a time weighted accuracy of 84%, which are the highest accuracies reported on the CAD dataset. Our results show that the daily pattern classifier substantially improves meal detections and in particular reduces transient false detections that tend to occur when relying on shorter windows to look for individual ingestion or consumption events.
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25
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Junghans-Rutelonis A, Sim L, Harbeck-Weber C, Dresher E, Timm W, Weiss KE. Feasibility of wearable activity tracking devices to measure physical activity and sleep change among adolescents with chronic pain-a pilot nonrandomized treatment study. Front Pain Res (Lausanne) 2024; 4:1325270. [PMID: 38333189 PMCID: PMC10850299 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1325270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Personal informatics devices are being used to measure engagement in health behaviors in adults with chronic pain and may be appropriate for adolescent use. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utilization of a wearable activity tracking device to measure physical activity and sleep among adolescents attending a three-week, intensive interdisciplinary pain treatment (IIPT) program. We also assessed changes in physical activity and sleep from baseline to the treatment phase. Methods Participants (57.1% female, average age 15.88, SD = 1.27) wore an activity tracking device three weeks prior to starting and during the treatment program. Results Of 129 participants contacted, 47 (36.4%) agreed to participate. However, only 30 (64%) complied with the instructions for using the device prior to programming and during program participation. Preliminary analyses comparing averages from 3-weeks pre-treatment to 3-weeks during treatment indicated increases in daily overall activity minutes, daily step counts, and minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity (by 353%), as well as a corresponding decrease in sedentary minutes. There was more missing data for sleep than anticipated. Conclusions Wearable activity tracking devices can be successfully used to measure adolescent physical activity in-person, with more difficulty obtaining this information remotely. Adolescents with chronic pain experience improvements in objective measurements of physical activity over the course of a 3-week IIPT program. Future studies may want to spend more time working with pediatric patients on their understanding of how to use trackers for sleep and physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Junghans-Rutelonis
- AJR & Co Consulting and Mental Health, St. Paul, MN, United States
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Leslie Sim
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Cynthia Harbeck-Weber
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Emily Dresher
- Department of Nursing, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Wendy Timm
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Karen E. Weiss
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, United States
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Atluri N, Mishra SR, Anderson T, Stevens R, Edwards A, Luff E, Nallamothu BK, Golbus JR. Acceptability of a Text Message-Based Mobile Health Intervention to Promote Physical Activity in Cardiac Rehabilitation Enrollees: A Qualitative Substudy of Participant Perspectives. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e030807. [PMID: 38226512 PMCID: PMC10926792 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.030807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mobile health (mHealth) interventions have the potential to deliver longitudinal support to users outside of episodic clinical encounters. We performed a qualitative substudy to assess the acceptability of a text message-based mHealth intervention designed to increase and sustain physical activity in cardiac rehabilitation enrollees. METHODS AND RESULTS Semistructured interviews were conducted with intervention arm participants of a randomized controlled trial delivered to low- and moderate-risk cardiac rehabilitation enrollees. Interviews explored participants' interaction with the mobile application, reflections on tailored text messages, integration with cardiac rehabilitation, and opportunities for improvement. Transcripts were thematically analyzed using an iteratively developed codebook. Sample size consisted of 17 participants with mean age of 65.7 (SD 8.2) years; 29% were women, 29% had low functional capacity, and 12% were non-White. Four themes emerged from interviews: engagement, health impact, personalization, and future directions. Participants engaged meaningfully with the mHealth intervention, finding it beneficial in promoting increased physical activity. However, participants desired greater personalization to their individual health goals, fitness levels, and real-time environment. Generally, those with lower functional capacity and less experience with exercise were more likely to view the intervention positively. Finally, participants identified future directions for the intervention including better incorporation of exercise physiologists and social support systems. CONCLUSIONS Cardiac rehabilitation enrollees viewed a text message-based mHealth intervention favorably, suggesting the potentially high usefulness of mHealth technologies in this population. Addressing participant-identified needs on increased user customization and inclusion of clinical and social support is crucial to enhancing the effectiveness of future mHealth interventions. REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT04587882.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namratha Atluri
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Sonali R. Mishra
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Theresa Anderson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Rachel Stevens
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Angel Edwards
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Evan Luff
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Brahmajee K. Nallamothu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
- Michigan Integrated Center for Health Analytics and Medical Prediction (MiCHAMP)University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
- The Center for Clinical Management and Research, Ann Arbor VA Medical CenterAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Jessica R. Golbus
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
- The Center for Clinical Management and Research, Ann Arbor VA Medical CenterAnn ArborMIUSA
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27
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Lee MP, Hoang K, Park S, Song YM, Joo EY, Chang W, Kim JH, Kim JK. Imputing missing sleep data from wearables with neural networks in real-world settings. Sleep 2024; 47:zsad266. [PMID: 37819273 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsad266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep is a critical component of health and well-being but collecting and analyzing accurate longitudinal sleep data can be challenging, especially outside of laboratory settings. We propose a simple neural network model titled SOMNI (Sleep data restOration using Machine learning and Non-negative matrix factorIzation [NMF]) for imputing missing rest-activity data from actigraphy, which can enable clinicians to better handle missing data and monitor sleep-wake cycles of individuals with highly irregular sleep-wake patterns. The model consists of two hidden layers and uses NMF to capture hidden longitudinal sleep-wake patterns of individuals with disturbed sleep-wake cycles. Based on this, we develop two approaches: the individual approach imputes missing data based on the data from only one participant, while the global approach imputes missing data based on the data across multiple participants. Our models are tested with shift and non-shift workers' data from three independent hospitals. Both approaches can accurately impute missing data up to 24 hours of long dataset (>50 days) even for shift workers with extremely irregular sleep-wake patterns (AUC > 0.86). On the other hand, for short dataset (~15 days), only the global model is accurate (AUC > 0.77). Our approach can be used to help clinicians monitor sleep-wake cycles of patients with sleep disorders outside of laboratory settings without relying on sleep diaries, ultimately improving sleep health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minki P Lee
- Department of Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kien Hoang
- Institute of Mathematics, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sungkyu Park
- Department of Artificial Intelligence Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Min Song
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Mathematics Group, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Yeon Joo
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Chang
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jee Hyun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyoung Kim
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Mathematics Group, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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28
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Ding M, Hou X, Dong X. Editorial: The impact of exercise intervention with the internet and wearable devices on mental health. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1348725. [PMID: 38283204 PMCID: PMC10808815 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1348725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Ding
- School of Physical Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao Hou
- School of Sport science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaosheng Dong
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Wang C, Zhang N, Liu C, Ma B, Zhang K, Li R, Wang Q, Zhang S. New Advances in Antenna Design toward Wearable Devices Based on Nanomaterials. Biosensors (Basel) 2024; 14:35. [PMID: 38248412 PMCID: PMC10813296 DOI: 10.3390/bios14010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Wearable antennas have recently garnered significant attention due to their attractive properties and potential for creating lightweight, compact, low-cost, and multifunctional wireless communication systems. With the breakthrough progress in nanomaterial research, the use of lightweight materials has paved the way for the widespread application of wearable antennas. Compared with traditional metallic materials like copper, aluminum, and nickel, nanoscale entities including zero-dimensional (0-D) nanoparticles, one-dimensional (1-D) nanofibers or nanotubes, and two-dimensional (2-D) nanosheets exhibit superior physical, electrochemical, and performance characteristics. These properties significantly enhance the potential for constructing durable electronic composites. Furthermore, the antenna exhibits compact size and high deformation stability, accompanied by greater portability and wear resistance, owing to the high surface-to-volume ratio and flexibility of nanomaterials. This paper systematically discusses the latest advancements in wearable antennas based on 0-D, 1-D, and 2-D nanomaterials, providing a comprehensive overview of their development and future prospects in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunge Wang
- School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China; (C.W.); (N.Z.); (K.Z.)
| | - Ning Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China; (C.W.); (N.Z.); (K.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Forging & Stamping Technology and Science, Yanshan University, Ministry of Education of China, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China;
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Bangbang Ma
- Ningbo L.K. Technology Co., Ltd., Ningbo 315100, China;
| | - Keke Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China; (C.W.); (N.Z.); (K.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Forging & Stamping Technology and Science, Yanshan University, Ministry of Education of China, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Rongzhi Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center of Materials Genome Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Qianqian Wang
- School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China; (C.W.); (N.Z.); (K.Z.)
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China;
| | - Sheng Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China; (C.W.); (N.Z.); (K.Z.)
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China;
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo, Ningbo 315100, China
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30
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Jeong S, Cha C, Nam S, Song J. The effects of mobile technology-based support on young women with depressive symptoms: A block randomized controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e36748. [PMID: 38181292 PMCID: PMC10766295 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current body of knowledge highlights the potential role of mobile technology as a medium to deliver support for psychological and physical health. This study evaluated the influence of mobile technology support on depressive symptoms and physical activity in female university students. METHODS A block randomized controlled trial design with a single site was used. Ninety-nine participants were block-randomized into 3 arms: Experimental Group 1 (emotional and informational support group), Experimental Group 2 (informational support group), and the control group. Interventions were delivered via mobile technology for 2 weeks. Data on depressive symptoms and physical activity were collected from 84 participants at baseline and on Days 8 and 15. Data analyses included descriptive statistics, t tests, one-way analysis of variance, and repeated-measures analysis of variance. RESULTS This study showed no interaction effect of time and group on depressive symptom scores and physical activity, considering the emotional and informational support from mobile technology. However, Experimental Group 1 exhibited a significant reduction in depressive symptoms during the first week of the study compared to Experimental Group 2 and the control group. While physical activity in Experimental Group 2 and control group increased only during the first week of the study and subsequently decreased, Experimental Group 1 showed an initial increase during the first week that was sustained into the second week. CONCLUSIONS Since informational and emotional support showed a strong effect over a short period of time, mobile technology offering emotional support could be used to provide crisis interventions for depression among young women when a short-term impact is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sookyung Jeong
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan City, South Korea
| | - Chiyoung Cha
- College of Nursing, Ewha Womans University, Seoul City, South Korea
| | - Sujin Nam
- The University of Honkong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Jiyoon Song
- College of Nursing, Ewha Womans University, Seoul City, South Korea
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31
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Rogovchenko V, Sibu A, Ni Y. Scalar-Function Causal Discovery for Generating Causal Hypotheses with Observational Wearable Device Data. Pac Symp Biocomput 2024; 29:201-213. [PMID: 38160280 PMCID: PMC10764070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Digital health technologies such as wearable devices have transformed health data analytics, providing continuous, high-resolution functional data on various health metrics, thereby opening new avenues for innovative research. In this work, we introduce a new approach for generating causal hypotheses for a pair of a continuous functional variable (e.g., physical activities recorded over time) and a binary scalar variable (e.g., mobility condition indicator). Our method goes beyond traditional association-focused approaches and has the potential to reveal the underlying causal mechanism. We theoretically show that the proposed scalar-function causal model is identifiable with observational data alone. Our identifiability theory justifies the use of a simple yet principled algorithm to discern the causal relationship by comparing the likelihood functions of competing causal hypotheses. The robustness and applicability of our method are demonstrated through simulation studies and a real-world application using wearable device data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Austin Sibu
- Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Yang Ni
- Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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32
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Yu H, Wang H, Rong Y, Fang J, Niu J. Design and evaluation of a wearable vascular interventional surgical robot system. Int J Med Robot 2023:e2616. [PMID: 38131502 DOI: 10.1002/rcs.2616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Remote-controlled robotic vascular interventional surgery can reduce radiation exposure to interventional physicians and improve safety. However, inconvenient operation and lack of force feedback limit its application. MATERIALS AND METHODS A new wearable robotic system for vascular interventional surgery is designed, which is more flexible in operation. It ensures the safety of surgery through haptic force feedback. The system was evaluated by human vascular models and animal experiments. RESULTS The average static error of the system is 0.048 mm when the axial motion is 250 mm and 1.259° when the rotational motion is 400°. The average error of the force feedback is 0.021 N. The results of vascular model experiments and animal experiments demonstrate the feasibility and safety of the system. CONCLUSIONS The proposed robotic system can assist physicians in remotely delivering standard catheters or guidewires. The system is more flexible and uses haptic force feedback to ensure surgical safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Yu
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Parallel Robot and Mechatronic System, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Parallel Robot and Mechatronic System, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
- Academy for Engineering & Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Rong
- College of Vehicles and Energy, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
| | - Junyu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Forging & Stamping Technology and Science (Yanshan University), Ministry of Education of China, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
| | - Jianye Niu
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Parallel Robot and Mechatronic System, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Forging & Stamping Technology and Science (Yanshan University), Ministry of Education of China, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
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Masuda H, Okada S. Menstruation-related symptoms are associated with physical activity and midpoint of sleep: a pilot study. Front Glob Womens Health 2023; 4:1260645. [PMID: 38179154 PMCID: PMC10765530 DOI: 10.3389/fgwh.2023.1260645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Menstruation-related symptoms (MRSs) significantly impact women's health and contribute to economic burdens worldwide. Current interventions, primarily pharmacological ones, have limitations and side effects that underscore the need for alternative management strategies. This study explores the association between MRSs and lifestyle factors, specifically physical activity and sleep timing across menstrual cycle phases, to inform non-pharmacological intervention development. Methods Fourteen female students from Ritsumeikan University, Japan, with regular menstrual cycles (25-38 days), not on hormonal treatment or engaged in shift work, participated in this observational study. Using a Fitbit Inspire 2, total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) and sleep timing were monitored over a complete cycle. Menstrual cycle phases were defined based on ovulation day, predicted using home luteinizing hormone tests. Participants completed daily electronic questionnaires rating MRSs using a modified menstrual distress questionnaire. Data were analyzed using a generalized linear mixed model with a gamma distribution and logarithmic link function, examining the relationship of TDEE and the midpoint of sleep time (MS time) with MRS severity. Results and discussion The following observations were noted: first, MRS severity, except for behavioral change symptoms, significantly increased during the menstrual and luteal phases compared to the follicular phase. Second, delayed MS time was associated with reduced pain, concentration symptoms, water retention, and negative affect during the menstrual phase and reduced negative affect during the luteal phase. Finally, an increase in TDEE was associated with reduced concentration symptoms, autonomic reaction symptoms, and negative affect during the menstrual and luteal phases and reduced water retention only during the luteal phase. This study provides insights into the relationship between MRSs and TDEE/MS time, suggesting potential non-therapeutic approaches for symptom management, though further research is needed to substantiate these findings for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazuki Masuda
- Biophysical Engineering Lab, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shima Okada
- Biophysical Engineering Lab, Department of Robotics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
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Ricciardi C, Pisani N, Donisi L, Abate F, Amboni M, Barone P, Picillo M, Cesarelli M, Amato F. Agreement between Optoelectronic System and Wearable Sensors for the Evaluation of Gait Spatiotemporal Parameters in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:9859. [PMID: 38139705 PMCID: PMC10747970 DOI: 10.3390/s23249859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The use of wearable sensors for calculating gait parameters has become increasingly popular as an alternative to optoelectronic systems, currently recognized as the gold standard. The objective of the study was to evaluate the agreement between the wearable Opal system and the optoelectronic BTS SMART DX system for assessing spatiotemporal gait parameters. Fifteen subjects with progressive supranuclear palsy walked at their self-selected speed on a straight path, and six spatiotemporal parameters were compared between the two measurement systems. The agreement was carried out through paired data test, Passing Bablok regression, and Bland-Altman Analysis. The results showed a perfect agreement for speed, a very close agreement for cadence and cycle duration, while, in the other cases, Opal system either under- or over-estimated the measurement of the BTS system. Some suggestions about these misalignments are proposed in the paper, considering that Opal system is widely used in the clinical context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Ricciardi
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Noemi Pisani
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Leandro Donisi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Filomena Abate
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (CEMAND), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84131 Salerno, Italy
| | - Marianna Amboni
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (CEMAND), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84131 Salerno, Italy
| | - Paolo Barone
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (CEMAND), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84131 Salerno, Italy
| | - Marina Picillo
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (CEMAND), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84131 Salerno, Italy
| | - Mario Cesarelli
- Department of Engineering, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Francesco Amato
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy
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Wang TL, Wu HY, Wang WY, Chen CW, Chien WC, Chu CM, Wu YS. Assessment of Heart Rate Monitoring During Exercise With Smart Wristbands and a Heart Rhythm Patch: Validation and Comparison Study. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e52519. [PMID: 38096010 PMCID: PMC10755651 DOI: 10.2196/52519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The integration of wearable devices into fitness routines, particularly in military settings, necessitates a rigorous assessment of their accuracy. This study evaluates the precision of heart rate measurements by locally manufactured wristbands, increasingly used in military academies, to inform future device selection for military training activities. OBJECTIVE This research aims to assess the reliability of heart rate monitoring in chest straps versus wearable wristbands. METHODS Data on heart rate and acceleration were collected using the Q-Band Q-69 smart wristband (Mobile Action Technology Inc) and compared against the Zephyr Bioharness standard measuring device. The Lin concordance correlation coefficient, Pearson product moment correlation coefficient, and intraclass correlation coefficient were used for reliability analysis. RESULTS Participants from a Northern Taiwanese medical school were enrolled (January 1-June 31, 2021). The Q-Band Q-69 demonstrated that the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of women was observed to be 13.35 (SD 13.47). Comparatively, men exhibited a lower MAPE of 8.54 (SD 10.49). The walking state MAPE was 7.79 for women and 10.65 for men. The wristband's accuracy generally remained below 10% MAPE in other activities. Pearson product moment correlation coefficient analysis indicated gender-based performance differences, with overall coefficients of 0.625 for women and 0.808 for men, varying across walking, running, and cooldown phases. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights significant gender and activity-dependent variations in the accuracy of the MobileAction Q-Band Q-69 smart wristband. Reduced accuracy was notably observed during running. Occasional extreme errors point to the necessity of caution in relying on such devices for exercise monitoring. The findings emphasize the limitations and potential inaccuracies of wearable technology, especially in high-intensity physical activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tse-Lun Wang
- Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Yi Wu
- Department of Nursing, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yun Wang
- National Defense Medical Center and Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Wen Chen
- Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chien Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Big Data Research Center, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ming Chu
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Big Data Research Center, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Syuan Wu
- Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
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Xu L, Guo Z, Zheng D, Zhang J, Chen F, Liu R, Li C, Tan W. Editorial: AI empowered cerebro-cardiovascular health engineering. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1335573. [PMID: 38148898 PMCID: PMC10750346 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1335573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lisheng Xu
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Image Computing, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
| | - Zengzhi Guo
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Image Computing, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
| | - Dingchang Zheng
- Research Centre of Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Jianbao Zhang
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rong Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Chunsheng Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenjun Tan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Image Computing, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
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Li K, Cardoso C, Moctezuma-Ramirez A, Elgalad A, Perin E. Heart Rate Variability Measurement through a Smart Wearable Device: Another Breakthrough for Personal Health Monitoring? Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:7146. [PMID: 38131698 PMCID: PMC10742885 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20247146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Heart rate variability (HRV) is a measurement of the fluctuation of time between each heartbeat and reflects the function of the autonomic nervous system. HRV is an important indicator for both physical and mental status and for broad-scope diseases. In this review, we discuss how wearable devices can be used to monitor HRV, and we compare the HRV monitoring function among different devices. In addition, we have reviewed the recent progress in HRV tracking with wearable devices and its value in health monitoring and disease diagnosis. Although many challenges remain, we believe HRV tracking with wearable devices is a promising tool that can be used to improve personal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Center for Preclinical Cardiovascular Research, The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cristiano Cardoso
- Center for Preclinical Cardiovascular Research, The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Angel Moctezuma-Ramirez
- Center for Preclinical Cardiovascular Research, The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Abdelmotagaly Elgalad
- Center for Preclinical Cardiovascular Research, The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Emerson Perin
- Center for Clinical Research, The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Lee CY, Lin YT, Hong SH, Wang CH, Jeng US, Tung SH, Liu CL. Mixed Ionic-Electronic Conducting Hydrogels with Carboxylated Carbon Nanotubes for High Performance Wearable Thermoelectric Harvesters. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:56072-56083. [PMID: 37982689 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Mixed ionic-electronic conducting (MIEC) thermoelectric (TE) materials offer higher ionic conductivity and ionic Seebeck coefficient compared to those of purely ionic-conducting TE materials. These characteristics make them suitable for direct use in thermoelectric generators (TEGs) as the charge carriers can be effectively transported from one electrode to the other via the external circuit. In the present study, MIEC hydrogels are fabricated via the chemical cross-linking of polyacrylamide (PAAM) and polydopamine (PDA) to form a double network. In addition, electrically conducting carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CNT-COOH) are dispersed evenly within the hydrogel via sonication and interaction with the PDA. Moreover, the electrical properties of the hydrogel are further improved via the in situ polymerization of polyaniline (PANI). The presence of CNT-COOH facilitates the ionic conductivity and enhances the ionic Seebeck coefficient via ionic-electronic interactions between sodium ions and carboxyl groups on CNT-COOH, which can be observed in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results, thereby promoting the charge transport properties. As a result, the optimum device exhibits a remarkable ionic conductivity of 175.3 mS cm-1 and a high ionic Seebeck coefficient of 18.6 mV K-1, giving an ionic power factor (PFi) of 6.06 mW m-1 K-2 with a correspondingly impressive ionic figure of merit (ZTi) of 2.65. These values represent significant achievements within the field of gel-state organic TE materials. Finally, a wearable module is fabricated by embedding the PAAM/PDA/CNT-COOH/PANI hydrogel into a poly(dimethylsiloxane) mold. This configuration yields a high power density of 171.4 mW m-2, thus highlighting the considerable potential for manufacturing TEGs for wearable devices capable of harnessing waste heat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yu Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ting Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Huan Hong
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsin Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - U-Ser Jeng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Huang Tung
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Liang Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Björkman K, Valkama M, Bruun E, Pätsi P, Kulmala P, Tulppo MP, Leskinen M, Ojaniemi M. Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability in Healthy Preterm-Born Young Adults and Association with Vitamin D: A Wearable Device Assessment. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7504. [PMID: 38137574 PMCID: PMC10743414 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Prematurity has been associated with impaired parasympathetic cardiac regulation later in life. Changes in heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) may indicate a risk for future cardiac dysfunction. The putative role of Vitamin D on cardiac autonomic function in individuals born preterm (PT) remains unknown. This study involves monitoring autonomic cardiac regulation and Vitamin D concentrations in 30 PT and 16 full-term (FT) young adults in a free-living context. The PT subjects were born between 1994 and 1997 at Oulu University Hospital. The inclusion criteria were (1) being born ≤ 32 gestation weeks or (2) being born < 34 gestation weeks with a birth weight under 1500 g. Participants wore an Oura ring sleep tracer, a smart ring device, for 2 weeks to monitor cardiac autonomic function. Parameters related to autonomic cardiac regulation, lowest nighttime resting HR, and the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) to describe HRV were collected. PT males exhibited a tendency toward lower RMSSD (71.8 ± 22.6) compared to FT males (95.63 ± 29.0; p = 0.10). Female participants had a similar mean RMSSD in the FT and PT groups at 72.04 ± 33.2 and 74.0 ± 35.0, respectively. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration did not correlate with cardiac autonomic function parameters. When assessing the lowest resting nighttime HRs and HRVs in a long-term, real-world context, healthy female PT young adults performed similarly to their FT peers. In contrast, the present study's results suggest that male PT young adults exhibit impaired autonomic cardiac function, potentially putting them at risk for cardiovascular disease later in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista Björkman
- Department of Pediatrics, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, Pohde, 90220 Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Marita Valkama
- Department of Pediatrics, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, Pohde, 90220 Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Ella Bruun
- Department of Pediatrics, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, Pohde, 90220 Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Pauli Pätsi
- Department of Pediatrics, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, Pohde, 90220 Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Petri Kulmala
- Department of Pediatrics, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, Pohde, 90220 Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Mikko P. Tulppo
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
- Research Unit of Biomedicine and Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Markku Leskinen
- Department of Pediatrics, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, Pohde, 90220 Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Marja Ojaniemi
- Department of Pediatrics, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, Pohde, 90220 Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
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Gerboni G, Comunale G, Chen W, Lever Taylor J, Migliorini M, Picard R, Cruz M, Regalia G. Prospective clinical validation of the Empatica EmbracePlus wristband as a reflective pulse oximeter. Front Digit Health 2023; 5:1258915. [PMID: 38111608 PMCID: PMC10726006 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2023.1258915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, and COVID-19 may cause a decrease in arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2). The continuous monitoring of oxygen levels may be beneficial for the early detection of hypoxemia and timely intervention. Wearable non-invasive pulse oximetry devices measuring peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) have been garnering increasing popularity. However, there is still a strong need for extended and robust clinical validation of such devices, especially to address topical concerns about disparities in performances across racial groups. This prospective clinical validation aimed to assess the accuracy of the reflective pulse oximeter function of the EmbracePlus wristband during a controlled hypoxia study in accordance with the ISO 80601-2-61:2017 standard and the Food & Drug Administration (FDA) guidance. Methods Healthy adult participants were recruited in a controlled desaturation protocol to reproduce mild, moderate, and severe hypoxic conditions with SaO2 ranging from 100% to 70% (ClinicalTrials.gov registration #NCT04964609). The SpO2 level was estimated with an EmbracePlus device placed on the participant's wrist and the reference SaO2 was obtained from blood samples analyzed with a multiwavelength co-oximeter. Results The controlled hypoxia study yielded 373 conclusive measurements on 15 subjects, including 30% of participants with dark skin pigmentation (V-VI on the Fitzpatrick scale). The accuracy root mean square (Arms) error was found to be 2.4%, within the 3.5% limit recommended by the FDA. A strong positive correlation between the wristband SpO2 and the reference SaO2 was observed (r = 0.96, P < 0.001), and a good concordance was found with Bland-Altman analysis (bias, 0.05%; standard deviation, 1.66; lower limit, -4.7%; and upper limit, 4.8%). Moreover, acceptable accuracy was observed when stratifying data points by skin pigmentation (Arms 2.2% in Fitzpatrick V-VI, 2.5% in Fitzpatrick I-IV), and sex (Arms 1.9% in females, and 2.9% in males). Discussion This study demonstrates that the EmbracePlus wristband could be used to assess SpO2 with clinically acceptable accuracy under no-motion and high perfusion conditions for individuals of different ethnicities across the claimed range. This study paves the way for further accuracy evaluations on unhealthy subjects and during prolonged use in ambulatory settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Rosalind Picard
- Empatica, Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
- MIT Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Marisa Cruz
- Empatica, Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
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Jeppesen J, Christensen J, Mølgaard H, Beniczky S. Automated detection of focal seizures using subcutaneously implanted electrocardiographic device: A proof-of-concept study. Epilepsia 2023; 64 Suppl 4:S59-S64. [PMID: 37029748 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Phase 2 studies showed that focal seizures could be detected by algorithms using heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with marked autonomic ictal changes. However, wearable surface electrocardiographic (ECG) devices use electrode patches that need to be changed often and may cause skin irritation. We report the first study of automated seizure detection using a subcutaneously implantable cardiac monitor (ICM; Confirm Rx, Abbott). For this proof-of-concept (phase 1) study, we recruited six patients admitted to long-term video-electroencephalographic monitoring. Fifteen-minute epochs of ECG signals were saved for each seizure and for control (nonseizure) epochs in the epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) and in the patients' home environment (1-8 months). We analyzed the ICM signals offline, using a previously developed HRV algorithm. Thirteen seizures were recorded in the EMU, and 41 seizures were recorded in the home-monitoring period. The algorithm accurately identified 50 of 54 focal seizures (sensitivity = 92.6%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 85.6%-99.6%). Twelve of the 13 seizures in the EMU were detected (sensitivity = 92.3%, 95% CI = 77.2%-100%), and 38 of the 41 seizures in the out-of-hospital setting were detected (sensitivity = 92.7%, 95% CI = 84.7%-100%). Four false detections were found in the 141 control (nonseizure) epochs (false alarm rate = 2.7/24 h). Our results suggest that automated seizure detection using a long-term, subcutaneous ICM device is feasible and accurate in patients with focal seizures and autonomic ictal changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper Jeppesen
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jakob Christensen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henning Mølgaard
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sándor Beniczky
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Danish Epilepsy Center, Dianalund, Denmark
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Van den Bulcke L, Peeters AM, Heremans E, Davidoff H, Borzée P, De Vos M, Emsell L, Van den Stock J, De Roo M, Tournoy J, Buyse B, Vandenbulcke M, Van Audenhove C, Testelmans D, Van Den Bossche M. Acoustic stimulation as a promising technique to enhance slow-wave sleep in Alzheimer's disease: results of a pilot study. J Clin Sleep Med 2023; 19:2107-2112. [PMID: 37593850 PMCID: PMC10692948 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Sleep disturbances are common in people with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and a reduction in slow-wave activity is the most striking underlying change. Acoustic stimulation has emerged as a promising approach to enhance slow-wave activity in healthy adults and people with amnestic mild cognitive impairment. In this phase 1 study we investigated, for the first time, the feasibility of acoustic stimulation in AD and piloted the effect on slow-wave sleep (SWS). METHODS Eleven adults with mild to moderate AD first wore the DREEM 2 headband for 2 nights to establish a baseline registration. Using machine learning, the DREEM 2 headband automatically scores sleep stages in real time. Subsequently, the participants wore the headband for 14 consecutive "stimulation nights" at home. During these nights, the device applied phase-locked acoustic stimulation of 40-dB pink noise delivered over 2 bone-conductance transducers targeted to the up-phase of the delta wave or SHAM, if it detected SWS in sufficiently high-quality data. RESULTS Results of the DREEM 2 headband algorithm show a significant average increase in SWS (minutes) [t(3.17) = 33.57, P = .019] between the beginning and end of the intervention, almost twice as much time was spent in SWS. Consensus scoring of electroencephalography data confirmed this trend of more time spent in SWS [t(2.4) = 26.07, P = .053]. CONCLUSIONS Our phase 1 study provided the first evidence that targeted acoustic stimuli is feasible and could increase SWS in AD significantly. Future studies should further test and optimize the effect of stimulation on SWS in AD in a large randomized controlled trial. CITATION Van den Bulcke L, Peeters A-M, Heremans E, et al. Acoustic stimulation as a promising technique to enhance slow-wave sleep in Alzheimer's disease: results of a pilot study. J Clin Sleep Med. 2023;19(12):2107-2112.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Van den Bulcke
- Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Neuropsychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anne-Marie Peeters
- Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Neuropsychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Hannah Davidoff
- Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- CSH (Circuits and Systems for Health) - imec, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Pascal Borzée
- Department of Pneumology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten De Vos
- Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Louise Emsell
- Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Neuropsychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Translational MRI, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Van den Stock
- Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Neuropsychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maaike De Roo
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jos Tournoy
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bertien Buyse
- Department of Pneumology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Vandenbulcke
- Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Neuropsychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chantal Van Audenhove
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- LUCAS, Center for Care Research and Consultancy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dries Testelmans
- Department of Pneumology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten Van Den Bossche
- Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Neuropsychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Meng Q, Cui E, Leroux A, Mowry EM, Lindquist MA, Crainiceanu CM. Quantifying the Association between Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Multiple Sclerosis in the UK Biobank. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:2194-2202. [PMID: 37535318 PMCID: PMC10822027 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Objectively measured physical activity (PA) data were collected in the accelerometry substudy of the UK Biobank. UK Biobank also contains information about multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosis at the time of and after PA collection. This study aimed to 1) quantify the difference in PA between prevalent MS cases and matched healthy controls, and 2) evaluate the predictive performance of objective PA measures for incident MS cases. METHODS The first analysis compared eight accelerometer-derived PA summaries between MS patients ( N = 316) and matched controls (30 controls for each MS case). The second analysis focused on predicting time to MS diagnosis among participants who were not diagnosed with MS. A total of 19 predictors including eight measures of objective PA were compared using Cox proportional hazards models (number of events = 47; 585,900 person-years of follow-up). RESULTS In the prevalent MS study, the difference between MS cases and matched controls was statistically significant for all PA summaries ( P < 0.001). In the incident MS study, the most predictive variable of progression to MS in univariate Cox regression models was lower age ( C = 0.604), and the most predictive PA variable was lower relative amplitude (RA, C = 0.594). A two-stage forward selection using Cox regression resulted in a model with concordance C = 0.693 and four predictors: age ( P = 0.015), stroke ( P = 0.009), Townsend deprivation index ( P = 0.874), and RA ( P = 0.004). A model including age, stroke, and RA had a concordance of C = 0.691. CONCLUSIONS Objective PA summaries were significantly different and consistent with lower activity among study participants who had MS at the time of the accelerometry study. Among individuals who did not have MS, younger age, stroke history, and lower RA were significantly associated with a higher risk of a future MS diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qier Meng
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University,
Baltimore, MD
| | - Erjia Cui
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University,
Baltimore, MD
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota,
Minneapolis, MN
| | - Andrew Leroux
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado
School of Public Health, Aurora, CO
| | - Ellen M. Mowry
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore,
MD
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Tran HHV, Urgessa NA, Geethakumari P, Kampa P, Parchuri R, Bhandari R, Alnasser AR, Akram A, Kar S, Osman F, Mashat GD, Mohammed L. Detection and Diagnostic Accuracy of Cardiac Arrhythmias Using Wearable Health Devices: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e50952. [PMID: 38249280 PMCID: PMC10800119 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Photoplethysmography (PPG) is the wearable devices' most widely used technology for monitoring heart rate. The systematic review used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standards and guidelines. This systematic review seeks to establish the effects of wearable health devices on cardiac arrhythmias concerning their impact on the personalization of cardiac management, their refining effect on stroke prevention strategies, and their influence on research and preventive care of cardiac arrhythmias and their re-evaluation of the patient-physician relationship. The population, exposure, control, outcomes, and studies (PECOS) criteria were used in the systematic review. This review considered studies that covered the tests conducted on individuals who presented with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and also healthy people. The intervention for studies included wearable health devices that could detect and diagnose cardiac arrhythmias. The study considered articles that reported on the personalization of cardiac management, stroke prevention strategies, influence in research and preventive care of cardiac arrhythmias, and the re-evaluation of the patient-physician relationship. Two independent researchers were used in the extraction of the data. In case of dispute, the issue was resolved using a third party. The study's quality analysis was conducted using AXIS. The management of atrial fibrillation (AF) lies heavily in the prevention of stroke. The accuracy being reported in the prediction of arrhythmias and the monitoring of heart rates makes wearable devices an efficient means to personalize health care. Personalization of health and treatment in preventing and managing arrhythmias becomes possible due to the portability of smart wearable devices. However, limitations may be observed due to the high costs incurred in their purchase and use. Using smart wearable devices for the detection of cardiac arrhythmias was very significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadrian Hoang-Vu Tran
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Neway A Urgessa
- Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Prabhitha Geethakumari
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioural Neurosciences & Psycholgy, Fairfield, USA
| | - Prathima Kampa
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Rakesh Parchuri
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Renu Bhandari
- Internal Medicine, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, NPL
- Internal Medicine/Family Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Ali R Alnasser
- General Surgery, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Aqsa Akram
- Internal Medicine, Dallah Hospital, Riyadh, SAU
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Saikat Kar
- Neurosciences and Psychology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Fatema Osman
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Ghadi D Mashat
- Pediatrics, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Lubna Mohammed
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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Aguilar-Torán J, Rabost-Garcia G, Toinga-Villafuerte S, Álvarez-Carulla A, Colmena-Rubil V, Fajardo-Garcia A, Cardona-Bonet A, Casals-Terré J, Muñoz-Pascual X, Miribel-Català P, Punter-Villagrasa J. Novel Sweat-Based Wearable Device for Advanced Monitoring of Athletic Physiological Biometrics. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:9473. [PMID: 38067846 PMCID: PMC10708619 DOI: 10.3390/s23239473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Blood testing has traditionally been the gold standard for the physiological analysis and monitoring of professional athletes. In recent years, blood testing has moved out of the laboratory thanks to portable handheld devices, such as lactate meters. However, despite its usefulness and widespread use, blood testing has several drawbacks and limitations, such as the need for the athlete to stop exercising for blood extraction and the inability to have data continuously collected. In this scenario, sweat has become an alternative to blood testing because of its rich content of electrolytes and metabolites, as well as small quantities of sugars, proteins, and ions. Nevertheless, there are few devices capable of analyzing this biofluid and providing useful information to users. In this paper, an electronic system designed for the autonomous analysis of sweat electrolytes and metabolites along with heart rate dynamics is presented. This system is part of a novel wearable device tailored for athletes that offers to the user a real-time assessment of their physiological status and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Aguilar-Torán
- Onalabs Inno-Hub SL, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, Barcelona University, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Genis Rabost-Garcia
- Onalabs Inno-Hub SL, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnic University of Catalonia, 08222 Terrassa, Spain
| | | | | | - Valeria Colmena-Rubil
- Onalabs Inno-Hub SL, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Department of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | | | | | - Jasmina Casals-Terré
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnic University of Catalonia, 08222 Terrassa, Spain
| | | | - Pere Miribel-Català
- Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, Barcelona University, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Thomassin K, McVey Neufeld S, Ansari N, Vogel N. Feasibility, Acceptability, and Usability of Physiology and Emotion Monitoring in Adults and Children Using the Novel Time2Feel Smartphone Application. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:9470. [PMID: 38067844 PMCID: PMC10708754 DOI: 10.3390/s23239470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study tests the feasibility, acceptability, and utility of the novel smartphone application-Time2Feel-to monitor family members' emotional experiences, at the experiential and physiological level, and their context. To our knowledge, Time2Feel is the first of its kind, having the capability to monitor multiple members' emotional experiences simultaneously and survey users' emotional experiences when experiencing an increase in physiological arousal. In this study, a total of 44 parents and children used Time2Feel along with the Empatica E4 wrist-wearable device for 10 days. Engagement rates were within the acceptable range and consistent with previous work using experience sampling methods. Perceived ease of use and satisfaction fell mostly in the moderate range, with users reporting challenges with connectivity. We further discuss how addressing connectivity would increase acceptability. Finally, Time2Feel was successful at identifying physiological deviations in electrodermal activity for parents and children alike, and even though responses to those deviation-generated surveys were largely consistent with random survey responses, some differences were noted for mothers and fathers. We discuss the implications of using Time2Feel for understanding families' emotional and stressful experiences day-to-day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristel Thomassin
- Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (S.M.N.); (N.A.); (N.V.)
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Choma EA, Hayes S, Lewis BA, Rothman AJ, Wyman JF, Guan W, McMahon SK. Technical Assistance Received by Older Adults to Use Commercially Available Physical Activity Monitors (Ready Steady 3.0 Trial): Ad-Hoc Descriptive Longitudinal Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2023; 11:e47891. [PMID: 37997772 PMCID: PMC10690145 DOI: 10.2196/47891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite evidence that regular physical activity (PA) among older adults confers numerous health and functional benefits, PA participation rates are low. Using commercially available wearable PA monitors (PAMs) is one way to augment PA promotion efforts. However, while expert recommendations exist for the specific information needed at the beginning of PAM ownership and the general ongoing need for structures that support as-needed technical troubleshooting, information is lacking about the type, frequency, and modes of assistance needed during initial and long-term ownership. Objective This paper describes problems reported and technical assistance received by older adults who used PAMs during the 18 months they participated in a community-based PA trial: Ready Steady 3.0 (RS3). Methods This was an ad-hoc longitudinal analysis of process variables representing technical problems reported and assistance received by 113 RS3 study participants in the 18 months after their orientation to PAMs. Variables included date of contact, problem(s) reported, mode of technical assistance, and whether the equipment was replaced. The descriptive analysis included frequencies and incidence rates of distinct contacts, types of problems, and technical assistance modes. Results On average, participants were aged 77 (SD 5.2) years. Most identified as female (n=87, 77%), reported experience using smartphones (n=92, 81.4%), and used the PAM between 2 and 18 months. Eighty-two participants (72.6%) reported between 1 to 9 problems with using PAMs, resulting in a total of 150 technical assistance contacts with a mean of 1.3 (SD 1.3) contacts. The incidence rate of new, distinct contacts for technical assistance was 99 per 100 persons per year from 2018 to 2021. The most common problems were wearing the PAM (n=43, 28.7%), reading its display (n=23, 15.3%), logging into its app (n=20, 13.3%), charging it (n=18, 12%), and synchronizing it to the app (n=16, 10.7%). The modalities of technical assistance were in person (n=53, 35.3%), by telephone (n=51, 34%), by email (n=25, 16.7%), and by postal mail (n=21, 14%). Conclusions In general, the results of this study show that after receiving orientation to PAMs, problems such as uncomfortable wristbands, difficulty using the PAM or its related app, and obtaining or interpreting relevant personal data were occasionally reported by participants in RS3. Trained staff helped participants troubleshoot and solve these technical problems primarily in person or by phone. Results also underscore the importance of involving older adults in the design, usability testing, and supportive material development processes to prevent technical problems for the initial and ongoing use of PAMs. Clinicians and researchers should further assess technical assistance needed by older adults, accounting for variations in PAM models and wear time, while investigating additional assistance strategies, such as proactive support, short GIF videos, and video calls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Choma
- Department of Physical Therapy, Whitworth University, SpokaneWA, United States
| | - Shannon Hayes
- School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, MinneapolisMN, United States
| | - Beth A Lewis
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, MinneapolisMN, United States
| | - Alexander J Rothman
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, MinneapolisMN, United States
| | - Jean F Wyman
- School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, MinneapolisMN, United States
| | - Weihua Guan
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, MinneapolisMN, United States
| | - Siobhan K McMahon
- School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, MinneapolisMN, United States
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Dobson R, Stowell M, Warren J, Tane T, Ni L, Gu Y, McCool J, Whittaker R. Use of Consumer Wearables in Health Research: Issues and Considerations. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e52444. [PMID: 37988147 DOI: 10.2196/52444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
As wearable devices, which allow individuals to track and self-manage their health, become more ubiquitous, the opportunities are growing for researchers to use these sensors within interventions and for data collection. They offer access to data that are captured continuously, passively, and pragmatically with minimal user burden, providing huge advantages for health research. However, the growth in their use must be coupled with consideration of their potential limitations, in particular, digital inclusion, data availability, privacy, ethics of third-party involvement, data quality, and potential for adverse consequences. In this paper, we discuss these issues and strategies used to prevent or mitigate them and recommendations for researchers using wearables as part of interventions or for data collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosie Dobson
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Institute for Innovation and Improvement, Te Whatu Ora Waitematā, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Melanie Stowell
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jim Warren
- School of Computer Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Taria Tane
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lin Ni
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yulong Gu
- School of Health Sciences, Stockton University, Galloway, NJ, United States
| | - Judith McCool
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Robyn Whittaker
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Institute for Innovation and Improvement, Te Whatu Ora Waitematā, Auckland, New Zealand
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Hu Z, Ding L, Yao Y. Atrial fibrillation: mechanism and clinical management. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:2668-2676. [PMID: 37914663 PMCID: PMC10684204 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common sustained arrhythmia, is associated with a range of symptoms, including palpitations, cognitive impairment, systemic embolism, and increased mortality. It places a significant burden on healthcare systems worldwide. Despite decades of research, the precise mechanisms underlying AF remain elusive. Current understanding suggests that factors like stretch-induced fibrosis, epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), chronic inflammation, autonomic nervous system (ANS) imbalances, and genetic mutations all play significant roles in its development. In recent years, the advent of wearable devices has revolutionized AF diagnosis, enabling timely detection and monitoring. However, balancing early diagnosis with efficient resource utilization presents new challenges for healthcare providers. AF management primarily focuses on stroke prevention and symptom alleviation. Patients at high risk of thromboembolism require anticoagulation therapy, and emerging pipeline drugs, particularly factor XI inhibitors, hold promise for achieving effective anticoagulation with reduced bleeding risks. The scope of indications for catheter ablation in AF has expanded significantly. Pulsed field ablation, as a novel energy source, shows potential for improving success rates while ensuring safety. This review integrates existing knowledge and ongoing research on AF pathophysiology and clinical management, with emphasis on diagnostic devices, next-generation anticoagulants, drugs targeting underlying mechanisms, and interventional therapies. It offers a comprehensive mosaic of AF, providing insights into its complexities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yan Yao
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
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Bao T, Gao J, Wang J, Chen Y, Xu F, Qiao G, Li F. A global bibliometric and visualized analysis of gait analysis and artificial intelligence research from 1992 to 2022. Front Robot AI 2023; 10:1265543. [PMID: 38047061 PMCID: PMC10691112 DOI: 10.3389/frobt.2023.1265543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gait is an important basic function of human beings and an integral part of life. Many mental and physical abnormalities can cause noticeable differences in a person's gait. Abnormal gait can lead to serious consequences such as falls, limited mobility and reduced life satisfaction. Gait analysis, which includes joint kinematics, kinetics, and dynamic Electromyography (EMG) data, is now recognized as a clinically useful tool that can provide both quantifiable and qualitative information on performance to aid in treatment planning and evaluate its outcome. With the assistance of new artificial intelligence (AI) technology, the traditional medical environment has undergone great changes. AI has the potential to reshape medicine, making gait analysis more accurate, efficient and accessible. In this study, we analyzed basic information about gait analysis and AI articles that met inclusion criteria in the WoS Core Collection database from 1992-2022, and the VosViewer software was used for web visualization and keyword analysis. Through bibliometric and visual analysis, this article systematically introduces the research status of gait analysis and AI. We introduce the application of artificial intelligence in clinical gait analysis, which affects the identification and management of gait abnormalities found in various diseases. Machine learning (ML) and artificial neural networks (ANNs) are the most often utilized AI methods in gait analysis. By comparing the predictive capability of different AI algorithms in published studies, we evaluate their potential for gait analysis in different situations. Furthermore, the current challenges and future directions of gait analysis and AI research are discussed, which will also provide valuable reference information for investors in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Bao
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Precision Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Orthopedics Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiasi Gao
- Institute for AI Industry Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinyi Wang
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Orthopedics Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Orthopedics Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Orthopedics Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Guanzhong Qiao
- Orthopedics Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Li
- Institute for Precision Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Orthopedics Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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