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Arguello D. Authors' Reply: Ambiguity in Statistical Analysis Methods and Nonconformity With Prespecified Commitment to Data Sharing in a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e57422. [PMID: 38568734 PMCID: PMC11024744 DOI: 10.2196/57422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Arguello
- Human Performance and Exercise Science Lab, Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
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Knezevic A, Olcoń K, Smith L, Allan J, Pai P. Wellness Warriors: a qualitative exploration of healthcare staff learning to support their colleagues in the aftermath of the Australian bushfires. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2167298. [PMID: 36656623 PMCID: PMC9858529 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2167298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Healthcare staff are on the frontline during disasters despite any personal adversity and vicarious trauma they may be experiencing. Wellness Warrior training is a post-disaster intervention developed in response to the 2019-2020 Australian bushfires to support staff in a rural hospital located on the South Coast of New South Wales, Australia. METHOD This study explored the experiences and perspectives of 18 healthcare staff who were trained to provide emotional and peer support to their colleagues in the aftermath of a crisis. All the Wellness Warriors participated in semi-structured interviews between March and April 2020. Data were analysed using the reflexive thematic approach. RESULTS Healthcare staff reported developing interpersonal skills around deep listening and connecting with others which allowed for hearing the core of their colleagues' concerns. The training also helped staff to feel differently about work and restored their faith in healthcare leadership. CONCLUSION Wellness Warrior training provided staff with knowledge and skills to support their colleagues in the aftermath of a natural disaster and later during the COVID-19 pandemic. As such, these findings suggest that peer support programs such as Wellness Warriors could be one way healthcare organisations can attempt to alleviate the psychological impact of natural disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Knezevic
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia,CONTACT Andrea Knezevic School of Health and Society,University of Wollongong, New South Wales, 2500, Australia
| | - Katarzyna Olcoń
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Julaine Allan
- Rural Health Research Institute, Charles Sturt University, Orange, New South Wales, Australia
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Makaryus AN, Rosen SE, Kang L, Shaw LJ, Nash B, Gajer R, Coppolino W, Mieres JH. Racial and Ethnic Differences in Awareness and Prevalence of Unidentified Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Health System Employees. Am J Health Promot 2023; 37:1091-1099. [PMID: 37492930 DOI: 10.1177/08901171231192484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate awareness about cardiovascular (CVD) risk among a racially and ethnically diverse cohort of health system employees. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Voluntary survey of health system employees during an annual CVD awareness and screening event. SUBJECTS 759 health system employees. MEASURES We performed initial CVD screening measurements (blood pressure, body mass index) and collected patient-reported answers to questions about their own CVD risk factors (hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes, overweight, smoking, physical inactivity and family history of CVD) and whether or not they believed that CVD is preventable. Subjects were offered in-depth follow-up CVD screening (lipid panel, hs-CRP, hemoglobin A1c), if interested. ANALYSIS Continuous measures were compared across sex and racial/ethnic subsets using a t test and analysis of variance technique. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the employee's willingness to undergo further comprehensive screening. RESULTS African American, Hispanic, and Asian employees were younger than white employees (P < .0001). More than one-quarter of African Americans reported a history of hypertension, a higher rate than for other subgroups (P = .001). The rate of self-reported diabetes was highest in African American and Asian employees (P = .001). African Americans had a 54% reduced odds of electing to pursue follow-up CVD screening (odds ratio: .46, 95% confidence interval = .24-.91, P = .025). CONCLUSION Presence of CVD risk factors and knowledge of their importance differ among racial and ethnic groups of health system employees in our cohort as does interest in pursuing follow-up screening once risk factors are identified. Development of evidence-based customization strategies by racial and ethnic group may improve understanding of and interest in CVD risk factors and advance prevention. The data from this study will inform future research and strategies for employee health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amgad N Makaryus
- Department of Cardiology, North Shore University Hospital, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
- Department of Cardiology, NuHealth, Nassau University Medical Center, East Meadow, NY, USA
| | - Stacey E Rosen
- Department of Cardiology, North Shore University Hospital, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
- Katz Institute for Women's Health at Northwell Health, Lake Success, NY, USA
| | - Leslie Kang
- Katz Institute for Women's Health at Northwell Health, Lake Success, NY, USA
| | - Leslee J Shaw
- Blavatnik Family Women's Health Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Beth Nash
- Katz Institute for Women's Health at Northwell Health, Lake Success, NY, USA
| | - Reva Gajer
- Katz Institute for Women's Health at Northwell Health, Lake Success, NY, USA
| | | | - Jennifer H Mieres
- Department of Cardiology, North Shore University Hospital, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
- Katz Institute for Women's Health at Northwell Health, Lake Success, NY, USA
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Cohn B, Ryan KA, Hendy K, Callahan K, Roberts JS, Spector‐Bagdady K, Mathews DJH. Genomic testing in voluntary workplace wellness programs in the US: Evidence and challenges. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2023; 11:e2245. [PMID: 37592452 PMCID: PMC10655502 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Workplace genetic and/or genomic testing (wGT) is one of many options that employers can offer within the scope of voluntary workplace wellness programs, though we know little about how many employers are offering this benefit, or what kinds of testing are included. METHODS Our landscaping review sought to discover the prevalence and distribution of wGT within voluntary wellness programs among U.S. companies using three approaches: (1) analysis of publicly available information; (2) national surveys; and (3) interviews with company representatives. RESULTS In total, 50/420 (11.9%) companies we investigated had publicly available data suggesting that they offer wGT to their employees. Survey data weighted to be representative of the type and distribution of U.S. companies suggest that ~1% of U.S. companies offer wGT to their employees. CONCLUSION Our research found little evidence of broad uptake of wGT among U.S. companies, though information gathering was challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty Cohn
- Berman Institute of BioethicsJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Kerry A. Ryan
- Center for Bioethics and Social Sciences in MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Katherine Hendy
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public HealthUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | | | - J. Scott Roberts
- Center for Bioethics and Social Sciences in MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public HealthUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Kayte Spector‐Bagdady
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Center for Bioethics and Social Sciences in MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
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Banerjee P, Reddy GB, Panda H, Angadi KK, Reddy T, Gavaravarapu SM. Diets, Lifestyles and Metabolic Risk Factors among Corporate Information Technology (IT) Employees in South India. Nutrients 2023; 15:3404. [PMID: 37571341 PMCID: PMC10421222 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Information Technology (IT) Business Process Outsourcing (BPO), the largest employment sector of India, contributes to rapid economic growth. However, the work of IT employees is sedentary, and the food environments of their worksites expose them to an obesogenic environment. This study aimed to assess their metabolic and lifestyle risk factors. (2) Methods: To examine the health and nutrition status of IT employees, anthropometric, biochemical and clinical assessments were conducted among 183 employees from three IT organizations of varied operational sizes. Their health-, diet- and physical activity-related practices were assessed using a questionnaire. The prevalence of MetS was assessed. Selected biomarker levels were assessed and associated with their self-perceived stress levels. (3) Results: The median age of the employees was 30 years (26-35 years). While 44.02% of employees were overweight, 16.85% of employees were obese. About 3.89% of employees were found to be diabetic, and HDL-C levels were lower than recommended in 64.93% of employees. In all, 29.87% of the study population were considered to have metabolic syndrome since they had metabolic risk scores ≥ 3. Those with metabolic syndrome were significantly older (p = 0.000), and levels of MDA (p = 0.003), homocysteine (p = 0.001), IL-6 (p = 0.017) and IL-4 (p = 0.000) were significantly higher among them. Although the prevalence of MetS was significantly lower among those aged >30 years, the lifestyle risk factors were significantly higher among them. (4) Conclusions: The assessed parameters indicate a high risk of developing NCDs among employees in the IT industry in India. This shows the need for the modification of lifestyle and workplace food and physical activity environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paromita Banerjee
- Nutrition Information, Communication & Health Education (NICHE) Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India; (P.B.); (H.P.); (T.R.)
| | - G. Bhanuprakash Reddy
- Biochemistry Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India; (G.B.R.); (K.K.A.)
| | - Hrusikesh Panda
- Nutrition Information, Communication & Health Education (NICHE) Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India; (P.B.); (H.P.); (T.R.)
| | - Kiran Kumar Angadi
- Biochemistry Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India; (G.B.R.); (K.K.A.)
| | - Thirupathi Reddy
- Nutrition Information, Communication & Health Education (NICHE) Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India; (P.B.); (H.P.); (T.R.)
| | - SubbaRao M. Gavaravarapu
- Nutrition Information, Communication & Health Education (NICHE) Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India; (P.B.); (H.P.); (T.R.)
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Whitsel LP, Ablah E, Pronk NP, Huneycutt F, Imboden MT, Anderson D, Peterson NE, Yocke S, Sterling C, Zendell AL, Wojcik JR. Physical Activity Promotion in the Evolving Work Landscape. Am J Health Promot 2023; 37:723-730. [PMID: 37269238 DOI: 10.1177/08901171231172013b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nicolaas P Pronk
- HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Mary T Imboden
- Healthy Enhancement Research Organization, Raleigh, NC, USA
- George Fox University, Newberg, OR, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Anna L Zendell
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Excelsior University, Albany, NY, USA
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Arguello D, Cloutier G, Thorndike AN, Castaneda Sceppa C, Griffith J, John D. Impact of Sit-to-Stand and Treadmill Desks on Patterns of Daily Waking Physical Behaviors Among Overweight and Obese Seated Office Workers: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e43018. [PMID: 37191995 PMCID: PMC10230356 DOI: 10.2196/43018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sit-to-stand and treadmill desks may help sedentary office workers meet the physical activity guideline to "move more and sit less," but little is known about their long-term impact on altering the accumulation patterns of physical behaviors. OBJECTIVE This study explores the impact of sit-to-stand and treadmill desks on physical behavior accumulation patterns during a 12-month multicomponent intervention with an intent-to-treat design in overweight and obese seated office workers. METHODS In total, 66 office workers were cluster randomized into a seated desk control (n=21, 32%; 8 clusters), sit-to-stand desk (n=23, 35%; 9 clusters), or treadmill desk (n=22, 33%; 7 clusters) group. Participants wore an activPAL (PAL Technologies Ltd) accelerometer for 7 days at baseline, 3-month follow-up (M3), 6-month follow-up (M6), and 12-month follow-up (M12) and received periodic feedback on their physical behaviors. Analyses of physical behavior patterns included total day and workday number of sedentary, standing, and stepping bouts categorized into durations ranging from 1 to 60 and >60 minutes and usual sedentary, standing, and stepping bout durations. Intervention trends were analyzed using random-intercept mixed linear models accounting for repeated measures and clustering effects. RESULTS The treadmill desk group favored prolonged sedentary bouts (>60 min), whereas the sit-to-stand desk group accrued more short-duration sedentary bouts (<20 min). Therefore, compared with controls, sit-to-stand desk users had shorter usual sedentary bout durations short-term (total day ΔM3: -10.1 min/bout, 95% CI -17.9 to -2.2; P=.01; workday ΔM3: -20.3 min/bout, 95% CI -37.7 to -2.9; P=.02), whereas treadmill desk users had longer usual sedentary bout durations long-term (total day ΔM12: 9.0 min/bout, 95% CI 1.6-16.4; P=.02). The treadmill desk group favored prolonged standing bouts (30-60 min and >60 min), whereas the sit-to-stand desk group accrued more short-duration standing bouts (<20 min). As such, relative to controls, treadmill desk users had longer usual standing bout durations short-term (total day ΔM3: 6.9 min/bout, 95% CI 2.5-11.4; P=.002; workday ΔM3: 8.9 min/bout, 95% CI 2.1-15.7; P=.01) and sustained this long-term (total day ΔM12: 4.5 min/bout, 95% CI 0.7-8.4; P=.02; workday ΔM12: 5.8 min/bout, 95% CI 0.9-10.6; P=.02), whereas sit-to-stand desk users showed this trend only in the long-term (total day ΔM12: 4.2 min/bout, 95% CI 0.1-8.3; P=.046). The treadmill desk group accumulated more stepping bouts across various bins of duration (5-50 min), primarily at M3. Thus, treadmill desk users had longer usual stepping bout durations in the short-term compared with controls (workday ΔM3: 4.8 min/bout, 95% CI 1.3-8.3; P=.007) and in the short- and long-term compared with sit-to-stand desk users (workday ΔM3: 4.7 min/bout, 95% CI 1.6-7.8; P=.003; workday ΔM12: 3.0 min/bout, 95% CI 0.1-5.9; P=.04). CONCLUSIONS Sit-to-stand desks exerted potentially more favorable physical behavior accumulation patterns than treadmill desks. Future active workstation trials should consider strategies to promote more frequent long-term movement bouts and dissuade prolonged static postural fixity. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02376504; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02376504.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Arguello
- Human Performance and Exercise Science Lab, Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Gregory Cloutier
- Center for Cognitive and Brain Health, College of Science, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Anne N Thorndike
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Carmen Castaneda Sceppa
- Bouve College of Health Sciences, Institute on Urban Health Research, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - John Griffith
- Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Dinesh John
- Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
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Terry PE. Excellence in Total Worker Health® and an Interview With Dr Laura Linnan. Am J Health Promot 2023:8901171231169595. [PMID: 36999644 DOI: 10.1177/08901171231169595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
The National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) defines Total Worker Health® as "policies, programs and practices that integrate protection from work-related safety and health hazards with promotion of injury and illness prevention efforts to advance worker well-being." This editorial features an interview with Dr Laura Linnan, a leader of the workplace health and well-being movement and a Principal Investigator for one of the ten 'Centers of Excellence in Total Worker Health®' sponsored by NIOSH to study how approaches to better integrating health and safety can improve outcomes. We discuss differences between "comprehensive approaches" to workplace wellness and a Total Worker Health® approach. I also interview ChatGBT to assess whether the latest in artificial intelligence is accurate in its understanding of contemporary workplace based health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul E Terry
- Editor in Chief, American Journal of Health Promotion, Senior Fellow, HERO, (The Health Enhancement Research Organization)
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James KE, Agarwal S, Armenion KL, Clapp C, Barnes A, Ye GY, Zisook S, Davidson JE. A deductive thematic analysis of nurses with job-related problems who completed suicide during the early COVID-19 pandemic: A preliminary report. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs 2023; 20:96-106. [PMID: 36991524 DOI: 10.1111/wvn.12640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior to the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, nurses died by suicide more frequently than the general population. Antecedents prior to death include known job problems, such as disciplinary action; diversion of medications; inability to work due to chronic pain; and physical and mental illness. AIM The aim of this study was to explore the suicide experience of nurses who died with known job-related problems during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to what has been previously described. METHOD Deductive reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyze narratives of nurses with known job problems who died by suicide from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Violent Death Reporting System. RESULTS Forty-three nurses with known job-related problems completed suicide between March and December 2020. Factors associated with death were similar to previous findings with notable exceptions, increased prevalence of suicidal ideation and post-traumatic stress prior to the event. Pandemic-specific issues were noted including reduction in hours, fear of disease transmission, civil unrest, and grief-related trauma. LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION Suicide prevention programs need to address both institutional and individual factors associated with nurse suicide. As previously recommended, transitions into retirement and job loss are vulnerable times warranting psychological support. Further, strategies to reduce the impact of stressors and increase support for nurses are needed at the organizational level. A systems level approach to hardwire coping strategies is indicated pre-licensure and throughout nurses' careers. A new focus on how to process personal and professional grief is warranted. Resources are needed for nurses traumatized by life (rape, childhood trauma) or work-related experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina E James
- Thornton 2 West Progressive Care Unit, UC San Diego Health, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Suzanne Agarwal
- Multi-specialty Oncology Clinics, Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego Health, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Karen L Armenion
- Jacobs Medical Center 5FG Medical Oncology & Palliative Care Progressive Care Unit, UC San Diego Health, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Chris Clapp
- Jacobs Medical Center 3GH Medical & Surgical ICU, UC San Diego Health, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Arianna Barnes
- Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, Barnes Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Gordon Y Ye
- Department of Psychiatry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sidney Zisook
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Judy E Davidson
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego Health, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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Abstract
Physicians have a higher risk of burnout than many other professions, and burnout is associated with less altruistic professional values, worse patient-doctor relationships, and increased medical errors. Burnout begins in medical school, such that institutions should intervene early to facilitate increased engagement in forms of self-care, including but not limited to exercise. Exercise is negatively associated with burnout, but there is limited research on what motivates students to participate in exercise events and how events could be optimally designed to maximize attendance. Students from nine medical schools across the United States were invited to complete an online survey assessing the effectiveness of various factors at increasing participation in exercise events. Of 5500 invited students, 1182 (21%) responded. Mean age was 25 years, 61% were female, and 38% male. Fifty-seven percent identified as White, 26% Asian, and 5% Black. Students reported financial discounts (56%), having all logistics planned by event organizers (46%), and opportunities to find informal mentors (40%) as most likely to increase participation. To increase student participation in wellness events, institutions should prioritize available funding toward strategies that save students time and money while building community across levels of training and departments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan G. Briggs
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Grant J. Riew
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Michael W. Seward
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Olcoń K, Allan J, Fox M, Everingham R, Pai P, Keevers L, Mackay M, Degeling C, Cutmore SA, Finlay S, Falzon K. A Narrative Inquiry into the Practices of Healthcare Workers' Wellness Program: The SEED Experience in New South Wales, Australia. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:13204. [PMID: 36293786 PMCID: PMC9603759 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The 2019-2020 Australian bushfires followed by the COVID-19 pandemic brought the significant mental health implications of working in healthcare to the fore. The importance of appropriate support services to ensure the resilience and recovery of healthcare workers has been highlighted. In response to healthcare staff experiences during the bushfires, the SEED Wellness Program was created in 2020 in the Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District in New South Wales, Australia. SEED used a participant-led design to engage healthcare staff in workplace-based restorative activities. Guided by practice theory, this study aimed to identify and describe SEED wellness practices that supported healthcare staff. Thirty-three healthcare workers participated in focus groups or individual interviews between June 2021 and March 2022. The analysis involved inductive thematic individual and collective exploration of SEED practices, including co-analysis with participants. Eight core practices that supported participants' wellbeing were identified, including responsive and compassionate leading, engaging staff at every stage of the recovery process, creating a sense of connection with others, and collective caring. The study found that workplace wellness initiatives are optimised when they are place-based and grounded in local knowledge, needs, and resources incorporating a collective and supportive team approach. Moreover, to ensure engagement in, and sustainability of these initiatives, both bottom-up and top-down commitment is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Olcoń
- School of Health and Society, The University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Julaine Allan
- Rural Health Research Institute, Charles Sturt University, Leeds Pd, Orange, NSW 2800, Australia
| | - Mim Fox
- School of Health and Society, The University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Ruth Everingham
- School of Health and Society, The University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, 67-71 King Street, Warrawong, NSW 2502, Australia
| | - Padmini Pai
- Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, 67-71 King Street, Warrawong, NSW 2502, Australia
| | - Lynne Keevers
- School of Health and Society, The University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Maria Mackay
- School of Nursing, The University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Chris Degeling
- School of Health and Society, The University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Sue-Anne Cutmore
- School of Health and Society, The University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Waminda South Coast Women’s Health and Welfare Aboriginal Corporation, 122 Kinghorne St, Nowra, NSW 2541, Australia
| | - Summer Finlay
- School of Health and Society, The University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Kristine Falzon
- Waminda South Coast Women’s Health and Welfare Aboriginal Corporation, 122 Kinghorne St, Nowra, NSW 2541, Australia
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Keller AO, Berman R, Scotty B, Pinto D. Exploring Corporate Stakeholders' Perspectives on Building Capacity for Employee Engagement in Workplace Wellness Initiatives. J Patient Exp 2022; 9:23743735221092619. [PMID: 35402705 PMCID: PMC8990537 DOI: 10.1177/23743735221092619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Engaging employees with chronic conditions as partners in designing, implementing, and evaluating workplace wellness activities is a promising approach for optimizing the impact of workplace health promotion programs. Yet, there is a need for information on how employees are engaged in this process. We conducted a process evaluation of activities of the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research for Employees (PCORE) project formed around building capacity for employee engagement in wellness initiatives. Individual interviews were conducted with the 11 project stakeholders to explore perspectives of the project's participatory process and activities. Thematic categories emerging in the analysis were (1) Commitment and support, (2) Understanding purpose and roles, (3) Role of employees in wellness programming, and (4) Communication during meetings. This process evaluation provides insights from a model of stakeholder engagement in the corporate setting. Creating an environment that supports meaningfully engaging employees as partners in co-creating workplace wellness initiatives requires effectively addressing the unique aspects of the U.S. corporate culture such as the emphasis on productivity and the prevalent traditional top-down organizational structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abiola O Keller
- College of Nursing, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | | | - Barb Scotty
- Near West Side Partners, Inc., Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Daniel Pinto
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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13
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Abstract
This editorial features an interview with Dr. Andrea Gielen and the newly released book Health Program Planning, Implementation and Evaluation: Creating Behavioral, Environmental and Policy Change, published by Johns Hopkins University Press. Co-Editors for this edition are Lawrence Green, Andrea Gielen, Judith Ottoson, Darleen Peterson, and Marshall Kreuter. The PRECEDE/PROCEED planning model is summarized and the interview features research examples and practical applications of components of the model. PRECEDE, developed in 1974, stands for Predisposing, Reinforcing and Enabling Constructs in Educational Diagnosis and Evaluation. PROCEED, added in 1991, stands for Policy, Regulatory, and Organizational Constructs in Educational and Environmental Development. Each chapter of this 5th edition of "Health Program Planning" details the specific public health competencies needed to meet ever more rigorous certification and accreditation standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul E Terry
- Editor in Chief, American Journal of Health Promotion, Senior Fellow, The Health Enhancment Research Organization (HERO)
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14
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Pai P, Olcoń K, Allan J, Knezevic A, Mackay M, Keevers L, Fox M, Hadley AM. The SEED Wellness Model: A Workplace Approach to Address Wellbeing Needs of Healthcare Staff During Crisis and Beyond. Front Health Serv 2022; 2:844305. [PMID: 36925812 PMCID: PMC10012715 DOI: 10.3389/frhs.2022.844305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Workplace wellness has gained new meaning and significance in the healthcare workforce in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare workers across the world have carried the burden of responding to the public health crisis by having to work under new pressures and constantly changing environments, take on additional shifts, risk their own health and lives, and cope with the ongoing psychological and emotional strain. The purpose of this paper is to articulate a workplace wellness model applied across hospitals in the Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, a regional area in New South Wales, Australia. The description of the development, components, and lessons learned from the SEED Wellness Model illustrates one possible solution about how to provide better care for the staff thus not only preventing staff burnout and turnover, but also creating lasting organizational benefits. The detailed model description can assist in developing a larger and more rigorous evidence-base to improve staff wellness in healthcare settings, both within Australia and internationally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmini Pai
- Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Katarzyna Olcoń
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Julaine Allan
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrea Knezevic
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Maria Mackay
- School of Nursing, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Lynne Keevers
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Mim Fox
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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15
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Namazi S, Kotejoshyer R, Farr D, Henning RA, Tubbs DC, Dugan AG, El Ghaziri M, Cherniack M. Development and Implementation of a Total Worker Health ® Mentoring Program in a Correctional Workforce. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:8712. [PMID: 34444462 PMCID: PMC8393198 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Correctional officers (COs) are exposed to a number of occupational stressors, and their health declines early in their job tenure. Interventions designed to prevent early decline in CO health are limited. This article describes the development, implementation, and evaluation of a one-year peer health mentoring program (HMP) guided by Total Worker Health® principles and using a participatory action research to collectively address worker safety, health, and well-being of newly hired COs. The HMP aimed to provide new COs with emotional and tangible forms of support during their first year of employment, including peer coaching to prevent early decline in physical fitness and health. The development and implementation of the HMP occurred across five main steps: (1) participatory design focus groups with key stakeholders; (2) adaptation of an existing mentoring handbook and training methods; (3) development of mentor-mentee recruitment criteria and assignment; (4) designing assessment tools; and (5) the initiation of a mentor oversight committee consisting of union leadership, corrections management, and research staff. Correctional employee engagement in the design and implementation process proved to be efficacious in the implementation and adaptation of the program by staff. Support for the HMP remained high as program evaluation efforts continued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Namazi
- Department of Health Sciences, Springfield College, Springfield, MA 01109, USA
| | - Rajashree Kotejoshyer
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; (R.K.); (D.F.); (A.G.D.); (M.C.)
| | - Dana Farr
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; (R.K.); (D.F.); (A.G.D.); (M.C.)
| | - Robert A. Henning
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (R.A.H.); (D.C.T.)
| | - Diana C. Tubbs
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (R.A.H.); (D.C.T.)
| | - Alicia G. Dugan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; (R.K.); (D.F.); (A.G.D.); (M.C.)
| | - Mazen El Ghaziri
- Susan and Alan Solomont School of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA;
| | - Martin Cherniack
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; (R.K.); (D.F.); (A.G.D.); (M.C.)
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16
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Abstract
Worksite health and well-being initiatives will ideally be integrated with employers' efforts to address diversity, equity and inclusion issues. Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) include race, class, community health, income and other variables that companies can play a role in ameliorating. As much as spirituality is commonly espoused as a component of a holistic approach to health promotion, making space to discuss faith and health remains an uncommon strategy in the workplace wellness movement. Recognizing the value on investment (VOI) in wellness has eclipsed a return on investment as a driver of an employer's well-being strategy. This editorial argues that making space for learning about faith and health will intersect in vital ways with anti-racism work, diversity programs and similar efforts to eliminate health inequities, address SDOH and bolster the VOI of worksite well-being initiatives. A fictional dialogue between executives is used to review these issues and related literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul E Terry
- Editor in Chief, American Journal of Health Promotion, Senior Fellow, HERO (The Health Enhancement Research Organization)
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17
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Arguello D, Thorndike AN, Cloutier G, Morton A, Castaneda-Sceppa C, John D. Effects of an "Active-Workstation" Cluster RCT on Daily Waking Physical Behaviors. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021; 53:1434-1445. [PMID: 33449603 PMCID: PMC8205935 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the effects of sit-to-stand and treadmill desks on sedentary behavior during a 12-month, cluster-randomized multicomponent intervention with an intent-to-treat design in overweight office workers. METHODS Sixty-six office workers were cluster-randomized into a control (n = 21; 8 clusters), sit-to-stand desk (n = 23; 9 clusters), or treadmill desk (n = 22; 7 clusters) group. Participants wore an activPAL™ accelerometer for 7 d at baseline, month 3, month 6, and month 12 and received periodic feedback on their physical behaviors. The primary outcome was total daily sedentary time. Exploratory outcomes included total daily and workplace sedentary, standing and stepping time, and the number of total daily and workplace sedentary, standing, and stepping bouts. Intervention effects were analyzed using random-intercept mixed linear models accounting for repeated measures and clustering effects. RESULTS Total daily sedentary time did not significantly differ between or within groups after 12 months. Month 3 gains were observed in total daily and workplace standing time in both intervention groups (sit-to-stand desk: mean Δ ± SD, 1.03 ± 1.9 h·d-1 and 1.10 ± 1.87 h at work; treadmill desk: mean Δ ± SD, 1.23 ± 2.25 h·d-1 and 1.44 ± 2.54 h at work). At month 3, the treadmill desk users stepped more at the workplace than the control group (mean Δ ± SD, 0.69 ± 0.87 h). Month 6 gains in total daily stepping were observed within the sit-to-stand desk group (mean Δ ± SD, 0.82 ± 1.62 h·d-1), and month 3 gains in stepping at the workplace were observed for the treadmill desk group (mean Δ ± SD, 0.77 ± 0.83 h). These trends were sustained through month 12 in only the sit-to-stand desk group. CONCLUSIONS Active-workstation interventions may cause short-term improvements in daily standing and stepping. Treadmill desk users engaged in fewer sedentary bouts, but sit-to-stand desks resulted in more frequent transitions to upright physical behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Arguello
- Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University Boston, MA
| | | | - Gregory Cloutier
- Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University Boston, MA
| | - Alvin Morton
- Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN
| | | | - Dinesh John
- Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University Boston, MA
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18
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Waddell KJ, Changolkar S, Szwartz G, Godby S, Patel MS. Association of Behavioral Phenotypes With Changes in Sleep During a Workplace Wellness Program. Am J Health Promot 2021; 35:1061-1070. [PMID: 33998296 DOI: 10.1177/08901171211015089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Examine changes in sleep duration by 3 behavioral phenotypes during a workplace wellness program with overweight and obese adults. DESIGN Secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial. SETTING Remotely monitored intervention conducted across the United States. SUBJECTS 553 participants with a body mass index ≥25. INTERVENTION Participants were randomized to 1 of 4 study arms: control, gamification with support, gamification with collaboration, and gamification with competition to increase their physical activity. All participants were issued a wrist-worn wearable device to record their daily physical activity and sleep duration. MEASURES The primary outcome was change in daily sleep duration from baseline during the 24 week intervention and follow-up period by study arm within behavioral phenotype class. ANALYSIS Linear mixed effects regression. RESULTS Participants who had a phenotype of less physically active and less social at baseline, in the gamification with collaboration arm, significantly increased their sleep duration during the intervention period (30.2 minutes [95% CI 6.9, 53.5], P = 0.01), compared to the control arm. There were no changes in sleep duration among participants who were more extroverted and motivated or participants who were less motivated and at-risk. CONCLUSIONS Changes in sleep during a physical activity intervention varied by behavioral phenotype. Behavioral phenotypes may help to precisely identify who is likely to improve sleep duration during a physical activity intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly J Waddell
- Penn Medicine Nudge Unit, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA.,Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Mitesh S Patel
- Penn Medicine Nudge Unit, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA.,Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, PA, USA
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19
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Sanghavi K, Feero WG, Mathews DJH, Prince AER, Price LL, Liu ET, Brothers KB, Roberts JS, Lee C. Employees' Views and Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications Assessment of Voluntary Workplace Genomic Testing. Front Genet 2021; 12:643304. [PMID: 33815477 PMCID: PMC8010177 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.643304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Employers have begun to offer voluntary workplace genomic testing (wGT) as part of employee wellness benefit programs, but few empirical studies have examined the ethical, legal, and social implications (ELSI) of wGT. To better understand employee perspectives on wGT, employees were surveyed at a large biomedical research institution. Survey respondents were presented with three hypothetical scenarios for accessing health-related genomic testing: via (1) their doctor; (2) their workplace; and 3) a commercial direct-to-consumer (DTC) genetic testing company. Overall, 594 employees (28%) responded to the survey. Respondents indicated a preference for genomic testing in the workplace setting (70%; 95% CI 66-74%), followed by doctor's office (54%; 95% CI 50-58%), and DTC testing (20%; 95% CI 17-24%). Prior to participating in wGT, respondents wanted to know about confidentiality of test results (79%), existence of relevant laws and policies (70%), and privacy protection (64%). Across scenarios, 92% of respondents preferred to view the test results with a genetic counselor. These preliminary results suggest that many employees are interested and even prefer genetic testing in the workplace and would prefer testing with support from genetic health professionals. Confirmation in more diverse employer settings will be needed to generalize such findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Sanghavi
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - W Gregory Feero
- Maine-Dartmouth Family Medicine Residency, Augusta, ME, United States
| | - Debra J H Mathews
- Berman Institute of Bioethics, Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Anya E R Prince
- College of Law, University of Iowa College of Law, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Lori Lyn Price
- The Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States.,Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Edison T Liu
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Kyle B Brothers
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - J Scott Roberts
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Center for Bioethics and Social Sciences in Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Charles Lee
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States.,Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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20
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Harland KK, Yang JG, Peek-Asa C. Steering Teens Safe: translation to a workplace wellness program in the USA. Health Promot Int 2021; 36:67-77. [PMID: 32282903 PMCID: PMC10452960 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daaa038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parent-based teen driving interventions have been shown to increase safe teen driving but few have been translated beyond the research setting. As employers focus more on total worker health, the workplace offers a unique opportunity to implement a safe teen driving program into a workplace wellness program. The aim of this study was to adapt the evidence-based, parent-focused teen safe driving program Steering Teens Safe (STS) into workplace wellness programs, and to evaluate the implementation process and effect on parent-teen communication. The Replicating Effective Programs framework was used to modify STS to fit the workplace setting. The implementation process of the STS workplace wellness program was measured using direct observation and recordings of parent communication trainings while the effectiveness was measured by parent questionnaires. Forty-five parent employees across three businesses participated in the study. STS trainers were skilled in training parents in effective communication, including using open-ended questions and reflections. Parents reported increased success in conversations with their teens regarding safe driving through increased affection, receptivity, trust and equality in conversations. Workplaces may play a key role in assisting parents with teaching their children about safe driving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karisa K Harland
- University of Iowa, Department of Emergency Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, 200 Hawkins Drive, 1008 RCP, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- University of Iowa, Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, 145 N. Riverside Drive, 400 CPHB, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jingzhen Ginger Yang
- Nationwide Children's, Center for Injury Research and Policy, 700 Children's Dr., RBIII-WB5403, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Corinne Peek-Asa
- University of Iowa, Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, 145 N. Riverside Drive, 400 CPHB, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- University of Iowa, Injury Prevention Research Center, 2190 Westlawn, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- University of Iowa, College of Public Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, 145 N. Riverside Drive, S143 CPHB, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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21
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Debates about the effectiveness of workplace wellness programs (WWPs) call for a review of the evidence for return on investment (ROI) of WWPs. We examined literature on the heterogeneity in methods used in the ROI of WWPs to show how this heterogeneity may affect conclusions and inferences about ROI. METHODS We conducted a scoping review using systematic review methods and adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We reviewed PubMed, EconLit, Proquest Central, and Scopus databases for published articles. We included articles that (1) were published before December 20, 2019, when our last search was conducted, and (2) met our inclusion criteria that were based on target population, target intervention, evaluation method, and ROI as the main outcome. RESULTS We identified 47 peer-reviewed articles from the selected databases that met our inclusion criteria. We explored the effect of study characteristics on ROI estimates. Thirty-one articles had ROI measures. Studies with costs of presenteeism had the lowest ROI estimates compared with other cost combinations associated with health care and absenteeism. Studies with components of disease management produced higher ROI than programs with components of wellness. We found a positive relationship between ROI and program length and a negative relationship between ROI and conflict of interest. Evaluations in small companies (≤500 employees) were associated with lower ROI estimates than evaluations in large companies (>500 employees). Studies with lower reporting quality scores, including studies that were missing information on statistical inference, had lower ROI estimates. Higher methodologic quality was associated with lower ROI estimates. CONCLUSION This review provides recommendations that can improve the methodologic quality of studies to validate the ROI and public health effects of WWPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilay Unsal
- 37504 Department of Economics, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - GracieLee Weaver
- 14616 Office of Research & Engagement, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Jeremy Bray
- Department of Economics, Bryan School of Business and Economics, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Daniel Bibeau
- Department of Public Health Education, School of Health and Human Sciences, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
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22
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Greenspan LS, Alley L, Rice SPM, Olson R. Exploring biopsychosocial correlates of pain, pain management strategies, and risk for opioid misuse among home care workers in Washington State. Home Health Care Serv Q 2020; 40:54-74. [PMID: 32972327 DOI: 10.1080/01621424.2020.1810191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Home care workers (HCWs) are at high risk for musculoskeletal pain and injury, and they are an important population for pain management research and intervention. The purpose of this study was to gather novel data on HCWs' work characteristics, pain experiences, pain management strategies, and risk for opioid misuse. A survey invitation was e-mailed to a random sub-sample of HCWs in Washington State, and 421 responded. Over half (54.2%) reported chronic or currently elevated pain. Pharmacological pain management strategies were used by 67.3% of all respondents with 4.8% reporting prescription opioid use. Biopsychosocial factors like injuries, interpersonal conflict, financial strain, and anxiety were associated with increased opioid misuse risk. Multimodal primary and secondary interventions are recommended to improve HCWs' pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah S Greenspan
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Lindsey Alley
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Sean P M Rice
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Ryan Olson
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, Oregon, USA.,School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University and Portland State University , Portland, Oregon, USA.,Department of Psychology, Portland State University , Portland, Oregon, USA
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23
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Thornton M, Hammerback K, Abraham JM, Brosseau L, Harris JR, Linnan LA. Using a Social Capital Framework to Explore a Broker's Role in Small Employer Wellness Program Uptake and Implementation. Am J Health Promot 2020; 35:214-225. [PMID: 32914635 DOI: 10.1177/0890117120957159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Small employers, while motivated to implement wellness programs, often lack knowledge and resources to do so. As a result, these firms rely on external decision-making support from insurance brokers. The objective of this study was to analyze brokers' familiarity with wellness programs and to characterize their role and interactions with small employers. DESIGN Using a newly developed common interview guide (20 questions), protocol and analysis plan, 20 interviews were conducted with health insurance brokers in Illinois, Minnesota, North Carolina and Washington in 2016 and 2017. In addition to exploring patterns of broker interactions and familiarity by segment, we propose a framework to conceptualize the broker-client relationship using social capital theory and the RE-AIM model. METHODS Interviews were transcribed, summarized and a common codebook was established using DeDoose. Themes were identified following multi-rater coding and structured within the framework. RESULTS Participating brokers reported having a high to moderate familiarity with wellness programs (65%) and a majority (80%) indicated that they have previously advised their small business clients on the availability and features of them. Further, we find that brokers may help eliminate barriers to resources and act as a connector to wellness opportunities within their professional network. CONCLUSION New initiatives to promote small employer wellness programs can benefit from examining the influence of brokers on the decision-making process. When engaged and supported with resources, brokers may be effective champions for employer wellness programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Thornton
- Department of Management & Marketing-Health Services Administration, School of Business, 14828State University of New York at Oswego, SUNY Oswego, NY, USA
| | - Kristen Hammerback
- Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, 7284University of Washington, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jean M Abraham
- Division of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, 5635University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Lisa Brosseau
- Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, 14681University of Illinois Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Harris
- Department of Health Services, 49462School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Laura A Linnan
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, 446733University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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24
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Kwong JK, Cruz I, Murphy ST. Comparing "Individual Health" Message Framing to "Organizational Efficiency" Message Framing to Encourage Adoption of Wearable Health Technologies at Work. Am J Health Promot 2020; 35:271-274. [PMID: 32734764 DOI: 10.1177/0890117120944314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the relative impact of framing on employee intention to adopt wearable technology (eg, Fitbits) at work. SETTING AND DESIGN Posttest only online experiment utilizing a 2 (framing: organizational efficiency vs individual health) × 2 (financial incentive: absent vs present) between-subjects design. PARTICIPANTS Participants (N = 310) were 18 years or older, currently employed, and residing in the United States. MEASURES Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) subscale on behavioral intent (modified for wearable technology). ANALYSIS Chi-square and between-subjects analysis of variance. RESULTS Participants receiving the organizational efficiency frame (M = 3.97) expressed significantly lower intention to adopt a wearable compared to the individual health frame (M = 4.37), F2,308 = 3.99, P = .047. Financial incentives had a positive effect on adoption intention (M = 4.39 with incentive, M = 3.95 no incentive), F2,308 = 4.46, P = .036. The main effects of frame and incentive were additive, with participants in the individual health with incentive condition (n = 78, M = 4.60) expressing the highest intention to adopt and organizational efficiency without incentive expressing the lowest adoption intention (n = 77, M = 3.80; P = .03). CONCLUSIONS Messaging emphasizing individual health benefits plus financial incentives might prove most successful when encouraging adoption of wearables at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian K Kwong
- Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism, 5116University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ignacio Cruz
- Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism, 5116University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sheila T Murphy
- Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism, 5116University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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25
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Evans C, Pearce R, Greaves S, Blake H. Advanced Clinical Practitioners in Primary Care in the UK: A Qualitative Study of Workforce Transformation. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17124500. [PMID: 32585866 PMCID: PMC7344450 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Escalating costs and changing population demographics are putting pressure on primary care systems to meet ever more complex healthcare needs. Non-medical ‘advanced clinical practitioner’ (ACP) roles are increasingly being introduced to support service transformation. This paper reports the findings of a qualitative evaluation of nursing ACP roles across General Practices in one region of the UK. Data collection involved telephone interviews with 26 participants from 3 different stakeholder groups based in 9 practice sites: ACPs (n = 9), general practitioners (n = 8) and practice managers (n = 9). The data was analysed thematically. The study found a high degree of acceptance of the ACP role and affirmation of the important contribution of ACPs to patient care. However, significant variations in ACP education, skills and experience led to a bespoke approach to their deployment, impeding system-wide innovation and creating challenges for recruitment and ongoing professional development. In addition, a context of high workforce pressures and high service demand were causing stress and there was a need for greater mentorship and workplace support. System wide changes to ACP education and support are required to enable ACPs to realise their full potential in primary care in the UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catrin Evans
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2HA, UK; (R.P.); (S.G.); (H.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ruth Pearce
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2HA, UK; (R.P.); (S.G.); (H.B.)
| | - Sarah Greaves
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2HA, UK; (R.P.); (S.G.); (H.B.)
| | - Holly Blake
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2HA, UK; (R.P.); (S.G.); (H.B.)
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham NG7 2HA, UK
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Marin-Garcia JA, Bonavia T, Losilla JM. Changes in the Association between European Workers' Employment Conditions and Employee Well-being in 2005, 2010 and 2015. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E1048. [PMID: 32046002 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17031048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to study whether there is a change in the association between employment conditions and European employees’ well-being at three different time points (the years 2005, 2010 and 2015), characterized by different socio-economic contexts. We based our study on the European Working Conditions Survey. Logistic regressions were performed by adjusting for gender, age, level of education, seniority, occupation, establishment size, activity sector and economic activity. Adjusted odds ratios (ORadj) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) are reported. In general, the association between employment conditions (type of employment contract, supervising, weekly working hours, long working hours, other paid jobs, working at weekends or doing shifts) and well-being indicators (anxiety, fatigue and dissatisfaction) seemed to continue being harmful, or had even changed for the worse since 2005. The paper briefly discusses the possible reasons for this situation and calls for future research on the relation between well-being and irregular type of contracts, self-employment, supervising others or hours worked per week. Some implications in public health policies are also discussed.
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Cocchiara RA, Dorelli B, Gholamalishahi S, Longo W, Musumeci E, Mannocci A, La Torre G. Tai Chi and Workplace Wellness for Health Care Workers: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17010343. [PMID: 31947867 PMCID: PMC6982315 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Several studies show the positive effects of new non-medical therapies known as complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs). In this context, the discipline of tai chi is obtaining a wider consensus because of its many beneficial effects both on the human body and mind. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of the scientific literature concerning the relationship between tai chi practice and wellness of health care workers (HCW) in their professional setting. The research was performed in September 2019, investigating the databases Cinahl, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. Full-text articles, written in English language and published after 1995, were taken into account. No restrictions regarding the study design were applied. A quality assessment was developed using AMSTAR, Jadad, Newcastle–Ottawa Scale, INSA, and CASE REPORT scale. Six papers were finally included: Three clinical trials, one observational study, one systematic review, and one case report. The methodological quality of the included studies was judged as medium level. In conclusion, this systematic review suggests the potential impact of interventions such as tai chi as tools for reducing work-related stress among healthcare professionals. Further research will be needed in order to gain robust evidence of its efficacy.
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Contreras RD, Wilson AM, Garavito F, Sexton JD, Reynolds KA, Canales RA. Assessing virus infection probability in an office setting using stochastic simulation. J Occup Environ Hyg 2020; 17:30-37. [PMID: 31855526 DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2019.1691219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Viral infections are an occupational health concern for office workers and employers. The objectives of this study were to estimate rotavirus, rhinovirus, and influenza A virus infection risks in an office setting and quantify infection risk reductions for two hygiene interventions. In the first intervention, research staff used an ethanol-based spray disinfectant to clean high-touch non-porous surfaces in a shared office space. The second intervention included surface disinfection and also provided workers with alcohol-based hand sanitizer gel and hand sanitizing wipes to promote hand hygiene. Expected changes in surface concentrations due to these interventions were calculated. Human exposure and dose were simulated using a validated, steady-state model incorporated into a Monte Carlo framework. Stochastic inputs representing human behavior, pathogen transfer efficiency, and pathogen fate were utilized, in addition to a mixed distribution that accounted for surface concentrations above and below a limit of detection. Dose-response curves were then used to estimate infection risk. Estimates of percent risk reduction using mean values from baseline and surface disinfection simulations for rotavirus, rhinovirus, and influenza A infection risk were 14.5%, 16.1%, and 32.9%, respectively. For interventions with both surface disinfection and the promotion of personal hand hygiene, reductions based on mean values of infection risk were 58.9%, 60.8%, and 87.8%, respectively. This study demonstrated that surface disinfection and the use of personal hand hygiene products can help decrease virus infection risk in communal offices. Additionally, a variance-based sensitivity analysis revealed a greater relative importance of surface concentrations, assumptions of relevant exposure routes, and inputs representing human behavior in estimating risk reductions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R David Contreras
- Environment, Exposure Science and Risk Assessment Center, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Amanda M Wilson
- Environment, Exposure Science and Risk Assessment Center, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Fernanda Garavito
- Environment, Exposure Science and Risk Assessment Center, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Jonathan D Sexton
- Environment, Exposure Science and Risk Assessment Center, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Kelly A Reynolds
- Environment, Exposure Science and Risk Assessment Center, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Robert A Canales
- Interdisciplinary Program in Applied Mathematics, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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Hamm NC, Kehler DS, Hay JL, Stammers AN, Strachan SM, Bouchard DR, Duhamel TA. A Quasi-Experimental Study Examining the Impact and Challenges of Implementing a Fitness-Based Health Risk Assessment and a Physical Activity Counseling Intervention in the Workplace Setting. Health Serv Res Manag Epidemiol 2019; 6:2333392819884183. [PMID: 31700945 PMCID: PMC6826921 DOI: 10.1177/2333392819884183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Few adults participate in enough physical activity for health benefits. The workplace provides a unique environment to deliver heath interventions and can be beneficial to the employee and the employer. The purpose of the study was to explore the use of a physical activity counseling (PAC) program and a fitness-based health risk assessment (fHRA) in the hospital workplace. Methods: A workplace-based intervention was developed utilizing a PAC program and an fHRA to improve physical activity levels of employees. Hospital employees were enrolled in a 4-month PAC program and given the option to also enroll in an fHRA program (PAC + fHRA). Physical activity was assessed by accelerometry and measured at baseline, 2 months, and 4 months. Changes in musculoskeletal fitness for those in the fHRA program were assessed at baseline and 2 months. Results: For both groups (PAC n = 22; PAC + fHRA n = 16), total and moderate to vigorous physical activity in bouts of 10 minutes or more increased significantly by 18.8 (P = .004) and 10.2 (P = .048) minutes per week at each data collection point, respectively. Only participants with gym memberships demonstrated increases in light physical activity over time. Those in the fHRA group significantly increased their overall musculoskeletal fitness levels from baseline levels (18.2 vs 21.7, P < .001). There was no difference in the change in physical activity levels between the groups. Conclusions: A PAC program in the workplace may increase physical activity levels within 4 months. The addition of an fHRA does not appear to further increase physical activity levels; however, it may improve overall employee musculoskeletal fitness levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi C Hamm
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, McDermot Ave Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - D Scott Kehler
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Dalhousie University Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Jacqueline L Hay
- Applied Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Active Living Centre Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Andrew N Stammers
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Shaelyn M Strachan
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Danielle R Bouchard
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Todd A Duhamel
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Street TD, Lacey SJ. Employee Perceptions of Workplace Health Promotion Programs: Comparison of a Tailored, Semi-Tailored, and Standardized Approach. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15:ijerph15050881. [PMID: 29710785 PMCID: PMC5981920 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15050881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the design of workplace health promotion programs (WHPPs), employee perceptions represent an integral variable which is predicted to translate into rate of user engagement (i.e., participation) and program loyalty. This study evaluated employee perceptions of three workplace health programs promoting nutritional consumption and physical activity. Programs included: (1) an individually tailored consultation with an exercise physiologist and dietitian; (2) a semi-tailored 12-week SMS health message program; and (3) a standardized group workshop delivered by an expert. Participating employees from a transport company completed program evaluation surveys rating the overall program, affect, and utility of: consultations (n = 19); SMS program (n = 234); and workshops (n = 86). Overall, participants’ affect and utility evaluations were positive for all programs, with the greatest satisfaction being reported in the tailored individual consultation and standardized group workshop conditions. Furthermore, mode of delivery and the physical presence of an expert health practitioner was more influential than the degree to which the information was tailored to the individual. Thus, the synergy in ratings between individually tailored consultations and standardized group workshops indicates that low-cost delivery health programs may be as appealing to employees as tailored, and comparatively high-cost, program options.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah J Lacey
- Wesley Medical Research, Auchenflower QLD 4066, Australia.
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Ledikwe JH, Kleinman NJ, Mpho M, Mothibedi H, Mawandia S, Semo BW, O'Malley G. Associations between healthcare worker participation in workplace wellness activities and job satisfaction, occupational stress and burnout: a cross-sectional study in Botswana. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e018492. [PMID: 29549200 PMCID: PMC5857656 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Healthcare workers (HWs) are prone to high levels of stress and burnout, particularly when caring for people with HIV/AIDS. This study assessed whether participation in Botswana's Workplace Wellness Programme (WWP) for HWs was associated with job satisfaction, occupational stress, well-being and burnout. METHODS Using multistage sampling, a paper-based questionnaire was distributed to 1856 randomly selected HWs at 135 public facilities across Botswana. Well-validated scales assessed key outcomes. Analysis of covariance models were built for psychosocial factors associated with WWP participation, controlling for associated demographics. RESULTS Response rate was 73% (n=1348). The majority of respondents were female (62%), not married (65%) and had children (84%). Mean age was 40.0 years (SD±9.9). Respondents were roughly split between participation in no WWP activities (29.4%), 1-6 WWP activities (38.9%) and seven or more WWP activities (31.7%) in the past year. High participation was associated with older age, being a doctor or other professional, working at hospitals or District Health Management Teams, working longer in health services or working longer at a facility. In unadjusted analyses, high participation was significantly associated (P<0.05) with higher satisfaction with overall job, work, supervision, promotion, pay and professional efficacy and lower stress, exhaustion and cynicism. All associations remained significant in controlled analyses except cynicism. CONCLUSIONS Results from this study suggest that participation in workplace wellness activities is associated with higher satisfaction with multiple job facets and lower stress, exhaustion and cynicism. Introduction of these activities may help ameliorate high occupational stress levels among HWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny H Ledikwe
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- International Training and Education Center for Health (I-TECH), Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Nora Joelle Kleinman
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- International Training and Education Center for Health (I-TECH), Gaborone, Botswana
- NJK Consulting, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Maureen Mpho
- Department of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care, Botswana Ministry of Health, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Heather Mothibedi
- Department of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care, Botswana Ministry of Health, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Shreshth Mawandia
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- International Training and Education Center for Health (I-TECH), Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Bazghina-Werq Semo
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- International Training and Education Center for Health (I-TECH), Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Gabrielle O'Malley
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Abstract
This study explored concurrent effects of six work psychosocial factors on current participation and the self-reported likelihood of future participation in workplace wellness programs using a cross-sectional survey, an ad hoc focus group, and structured interviews. Classification and regression tree analysis was used to analyze survey responses from 343 employees (194 nonparticipants, 95 participants, and 54 engaged participants). A thematic analysis of focus group (n = 7) and interview (n = 5) narratives was also undertaken. In combination with high work control, high superior support was associated with an engaged participant profile. Job demand was the third important variable with low and very high levels associated with participation. With regard to high likelihood of future participation, among respondents with age older than 50, high predictability of occupational activities and control were identified as a significant factor, and among others, high superior support and control. The analysis of narratives revealed peer relations and flexible working hours to be positively linked to participation and general job stress was identified as having a bidirectional relationship. Employees stated that stress led them to take advantage of these programs as a source of relief and that their availability/participation has contributed to lowering their stress. These findings inform practitioners about the importance of addressing poor psychosocial factors as a participation barrier and having a holistic approach to employee well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lora A Cavuoto
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
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Asay GRB, Homa DM, Abramsohn EM, Xu X, O’Connor EL, Wang G. Reducing Smoking in the US Federal Workforce: 5-Year Health and Economic Impacts From Improved Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes. Public Health Rep 2017; 132:646-653. [PMID: 29072961 PMCID: PMC5692166 DOI: 10.1177/0033354917736300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We estimated the reduction in number of hospitalizations for acute myocardial infarction and stroke as well as the associated health care costs resulting from reducing the number of smokers in the US federal workforce during a 5-year period. METHODS We developed a 5-year spreadsheet-based cohort model with parameter values from past literature and analysis of national survey data. We obtained 2015 data on the federal workforce population from the US Office of Personnel Management and data on smoking prevalence among federal workers from the 2013-2015 National Health Interview Survey. We adjusted medical costs and productivity losses for inflation to 2015 US dollars, and we updated future productivity losses for growth. Because of uncertainty about the achievable reduction in smoking prevalence and input values (eg, relative risk for acute myocardial infarction and stroke, medical costs, and absenteeism), we performed a Monte Carlo simulation and sensitivity analysis. RESULTS We estimated smoking prevalence in the federal workforce to be 13%. A 5 percentage-point reduction in smoking prevalence could result in 1106 fewer hospitalizations for acute myocardial infarction (range, 925-1293), 799 fewer hospitalizations for stroke (range, 530-1091), and 493 fewer deaths (range, 494-598) during a 5-year period. Similarly, estimated costs averted would be $59 million (range, $49-$63 million) for medical costs, $332 million (range, $173-$490 million) for absenteeism, and $117 million (range, $93-$142 million) for productivity. CONCLUSION Reductions in the prevalence of smoking in the federal workforce could substantially reduce the number of hospitalizations for acute myocardial infarction and stroke, lower medical costs, and improve productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garrett R. Beeler Asay
- Office of the Associate Director for Policy, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David M. Homa
- Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Erin M. Abramsohn
- Office of the Associate Director for Policy, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xin Xu
- Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Erin L. O’Connor
- Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Guijing Wang
- Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Steinberg B, Bartimole L, Habash D, Fristad MA. Tai Chi for Workplace Wellness: Pilot Feasibility Study. Explore (NY) 2017; 13:407-408. [PMID: 28958582 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2016.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Beth Steinberg
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Diane Habash
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Mary A Fristad
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To define the diversity of and business case for workplace wellness programs, highlight best practices for a comprehensive health promotion program, and describe the opportunities for employees to become wellness advocates. DATA SOURCES Current literature and articles published between 2010 and 2016, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Health Enhancement Research Organization, National Business Group on Health, Wellness Councils of America, best practice program guidelines and internet resources. CONCLUSION Employers are increasingly affected by rising health care costs and epidemic rates of obesity and associated chronic diseases within the workforce. Employers who offer workplace wellness programs can contribute to the overall health and well-being of their employees, improve employee productivity and retention, and reduce absenteeism and health care costs. Employees participating in workplace wellness programs can reduce their health risks and serve as health promotion advocates. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE Nurses can lead by example by participating in their workplace wellness programs, serving as an advocate to influence their employers and colleagues, and educating their patients regarding the benefits of workplace wellness programs.
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Smith ML, Wilson MG, DeJoy DM, Padilla H, Zuercher H, Corso P, Vandenberg R, Lorig K, Ory MG. Chronic disease self-management program in the workplace: opportunities for health improvement. Front Public Health 2015; 2:179. [PMID: 25964909 PMCID: PMC4410423 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2014.00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Disease management is becoming increasingly important in workplace health promotion given the aging workforce, rising chronic disease prevalence, and needs to maintain a productive and competitive American workforce. Despite the widespread availability of the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP), and its known health-related benefits, program adoption remains low in workplace settings. The primary purpose of this study is to compare personal and delivery characteristics of adults who attended CDSMP in the workplace relative to other settings (e.g., senior centers, healthcare organizations, residential facilities). This study also contrasts characteristics of CDSMP workplace participants to those of the greater United States workforce and provides recommendations for translating CDSMP for use in workplace settings. Data were analyzed from 25,664 adults collected during a national dissemination of CDSMP. Only states and territories that conducted workshops in workplace settings were included in analyses (n = 13 states and Puerto Rico). Chi-squared tests and t-tests were used to compare CDSMP participant characteristics by delivery site type. CDSMP workplace participant characteristics were then compared to reports from the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics. Of the 25,664 CDSMP participants in this study, 1.7% (n = 435) participated in workshops hosted in worksite settings. Compared to CDSMP participants in non-workplace settings, workplace setting participants were significantly younger and had fewer chronic conditions. Differences were also observed based on chronic disease types. On average, CDSMP workshops in workplace settings had smaller class sizes and workplace setting participants attended more workshop sessions. CDSMP participants in workplace settings were substantially older and a larger proportion were female than the general United States workforce. Findings indicate opportunities to translate CDSMP for use in the workplace to reach new target audiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Lee Smith
- Workplace Health Group, Department of Health Promotion and Behavior, College of Public Health, The University of Georgia , Athens, GA , USA
| | - Mark G Wilson
- Workplace Health Group, Department of Health Promotion and Behavior, College of Public Health, The University of Georgia , Athens, GA , USA
| | - David M DeJoy
- Workplace Health Group, Department of Health Promotion and Behavior, College of Public Health, The University of Georgia , Athens, GA , USA
| | - Heather Padilla
- Workplace Health Group, Department of Health Promotion and Behavior, College of Public Health, The University of Georgia , Athens, GA , USA
| | - Heather Zuercher
- Workplace Health Group, Department of Health Promotion and Behavior, College of Public Health, The University of Georgia , Athens, GA , USA
| | - Phaedra Corso
- Department of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, The University of Georgia , Athens, GA , USA
| | - Robert Vandenberg
- Department of Management, Terry College of Business, The University of Georgia , Athens, GA , USA
| | - Kate Lorig
- Stanford Patient Education Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine , Palo Alto, CA , USA
| | - Marcia G Ory
- Department of Health Promotion and Community Health Sciences, Texas A&M Health Science Center School of Public Health , College Station, TX , USA
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Cheskin LJ, Abel ML, Bailey MM, Burnett M, Frutchey R, Goheer A, Ram A, Pollack KM. Developing role models for health in the fire service: a pilot case study. JRSM Open 2014; 5:2054270414536549. [PMID: 25383194 PMCID: PMC4221938 DOI: 10.1177/2054270414536549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this case study were to develop role models for health in the fire service through knowledge and behaviour change, to improve the role models' own health, and to facilitate behaviour change in other firefighters through their example. DESIGN Volunteers interested in improving their own health and serving as role models to others in the fire service were identified at a statewide Maryland fire service leadership meeting. SETTING Participants worked with the Johns Hopkins Weight Management Center to learn how to improve their own health and shared that knowledge with others in their fire departments. PARTICIPANTS Three Maryland fire service leaders were recruited at a leadership meeting with the goal of improving their own health and becoming role models. One participant dropped out shortly after beginning, while two male participants, aged 57 and 61, completed the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Quantitative measures were collected at baseline and 12 months, and included weight, blood pressure and fasting glucose and cholesterol. Semi-structured interviews were conducted approximately 14 months postintervention to determine the participants' perceptions of their own health and impact on others in the fire service. RESULTS Each participant had biweekly to monthly visits over a one-year period to learn the knowledge and skills that would assist him with improving dietary behaviours, increasing fitness and achieving a healthy weight. Case study participants experienced reductions in body weight (-13% and -11% of total body weight), glucose and blood pressure. Qualitative one-on-one interviews conducted postintervention with the participants revealed that they embraced their status as role models and felt their success inspired other firefighters. Their experiences suggest that role models can play an important role in helping firefighters increase self-efficacy, self-regulation and social support in the workplace environment. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide promising evidence for the use of role models to improve health, especially in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence J Cheskin
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Michelle L Abel
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Maryanne M Bailey
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Monica Burnett
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Robin Frutchey
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Attia Goheer
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Anita Ram
- Public Health Studies Program, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Keshia M Pollack
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Education and Research Center for Occupational Safety and Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Goetzel RZ, Baker KM, Short ME, Pei X, Ozminkowski RJ, Wang S, Bowen JD, Roemer EC, Craun BA, Tully KJ, Baase CM, DeJoy DM, Wilson MG. First-year results of an obesity prevention program at The Dow Chemical Company. J Occup Environ Med 2009; 51:125-38. [PMID: 19209033 PMCID: PMC2877035 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0b013e3181954b03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine first-year results from a workplace environmental obesity prevention program at The Dow Chemical Company. METHODS A quasi-experimental cohort study was conducted among employees at nine treatment worksites (n = 8013) who received environmental weight management interventions and three control worksites (n = 2269). Changes in employees' weight, body mass index (BMI), and other health risks were examined using chi2 and t-tests. RESULTS After 1 year, a modest treatment effect was observed for weight and BMI largely because the control group subjects gained weight; however, no effect was observed for overweight and obesity prevalence. Other risk factors (tobacco use, high blood pressure, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure values) decreased significantly, although blood glucose (high risk prevalence and values) increased. CONCLUSIONS Environmental changes to the workplace can achieve modest improvements in employees' health risks, including weight and BMI measures, in 1 year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Z Goetzel
- Institute for Health and Productivity Studies, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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