1
|
Kuramochi Y, Murata M, Sumino A, Sone H, Hayamizu K. Safety assessment of L-Arg oral intake in healthy subjects: a systematic review of randomized control trials. Amino Acids 2023; 55:1949-1964. [PMID: 37947893 PMCID: PMC10724322 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03354-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
L-Arg is a nonessential amino acid but has many physiological roles. Accordingly, L-Arg has been used in various fields, but there is only limited information available about its safety upon overdose. Generally, the no-observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) is used when setting the upper amount for chemical substances. Recently, systematic reviews have been used to assess the safety as well as the effectiveness and usefulness of them. Therefore, we conducted an assessment of the safety of the oral intake of L-Arg in healthy subjects using gastrointestinal symptoms as an index. We limited the study design to only double-blind randomized controlled trials and searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, EBSCOhost, and Ichushi-Web from inception until May 2021. Assessment of the quality of studies was conducted using the Cochrane Collaboration tool and Jadad score, and the random effects model was used for data analysis. Ultimately, 34 studies were selected for inclusion in this work. The dosage of L-Arg used in the studies ranged from 2000 to 30,000 mg/day (or/one-time dose), and the treatment duration was 1-84 days. The increased risk of gastrointestinal symptoms associated with L-Arg intake from 23 studies (647 participants in total) in which such symptoms were reported was 0.01 (95% confidence interval: - 0.02-0.04), which was not significant difference. NOAEL was estimated as 7531 mg/ one-time dose using a weighted change-point regression model (UMIN000046133).Registration and protocol: Umin.ac.jp as UMIN000046133.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yui Kuramochi
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, 601 Matano-Cho, Totsuka-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 245-0066, Japan
| | - Mai Murata
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, 601 Matano-Cho, Totsuka-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 245-0066, Japan
| | - Akihide Sumino
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, 601 Matano-Cho, Totsuka-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 245-0066, Japan
| | - Hideko Sone
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, 601 Matano-Cho, Totsuka-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 245-0066, Japan
| | - Kohsuke Hayamizu
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, 601 Matano-Cho, Totsuka-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 245-0066, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mangoni AA, Ceruti T, Frapolli R, Russo M, Fichera S, Zucchetti M, Tommasi S. Pharmacokinetic Characterization of the DDAH1 Inhibitors ZST316 and ZST152 in Mice Using a HPLC-MS/MS Method. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27031017. [PMID: 35164277 PMCID: PMC8840040 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The pharmacokinetic profile of ZST316 and ZST152, arginine analogues with inhibitory activity towards human dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (DDAH1), was investigated in mice using a newly developed HPLC-MS/MS method. The method proved to be reproducible, precise, and accurate for the measurement of the compounds in plasma and urine. Four-week-old female FVB mice received a single dose of ZST316 and ZST152 by intravenous bolus (30 mg/Kg) and oral gavage (60 mg/Kg). ZST316 Cmax was 67.4 µg/mL (intravenous) and 1.02 µg/mL (oral), with a half-life of 6 h and bioavailability of 4.7%. ZST152 Cmax was 24.9 µg/mL (intravenous) and 1.65 µg/mL (oral), with a half-life of 1.2 h and bioavailability of 33.3%. Urinary excretion of ZST152 and ZST316 was 12.5%–22.2% and 2.3%–7.5%, respectively. At least eight urinary metabolites were identified. After chronic intraperitoneal treatment with the more potent DDAH1 inhibitor, ZST316 (30 mg/Kg/day for three weeks), the bioavailability was 59% and no accumulation was observed. Treatment was well tolerated with no changes in body weight vs. untreated animals and no clinical signs of toxicity or distress. The results of this study show that ZST316 has a favorable pharmacokinetic profile, following intraperitoneal administration, to investigate the effects of DDAH1 inhibition in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arduino A. Mangoni
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre, Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-8-8204-7495
| | - Tommaso Ceruti
- Laboratory of Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (T.C.); (R.F.); (S.F.); (M.Z.)
| | - Roberta Frapolli
- Laboratory of Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (T.C.); (R.F.); (S.F.); (M.Z.)
| | - Massimo Russo
- Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy;
| | - Stefania Fichera
- Laboratory of Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (T.C.); (R.F.); (S.F.); (M.Z.)
| | - Massimo Zucchetti
- Laboratory of Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (T.C.); (R.F.); (S.F.); (M.Z.)
| | - Sara Tommasi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre, Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gills JL, Campitelli A, Jones M, Paulson S, Myers JR, Madero EN, Glenn JM, Komorowski J, Gray M. Acute Inositol-Stabilized Arginine Silicate Improves Cognitive Outcomes in Healthy Adults. Nutrients 2021; 13:4272. [PMID: 34959823 PMCID: PMC8703995 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Inositol-stabilized arginine silicate (ASI) is an ergogenic aid that upregulates nitric oxide. Acute ASI supplementation improves working memory and processing speed in young adults but there is a lack of data examining other cognitive tasks. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine acute ASI effects on young healthy adults by assessing multiple cognitive domains. Nineteen young adults (20.9 ± 3.2 years) completed this randomized, double-blind, crossover study consuming ASI (1.5 g ASI + 12 g dextrose) and placebo (12 g dextrose). The participants completed the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and two digital cognitive assessments before consuming the supplement and then completed the same battery of tests 60 min post-supplementation. Repeated measures ANOVA demonstrated that ASI consumption significantly improved total RBANS and immediate memory scores compared to the placebo (p < 0.05). However, no significant differences were displayed between trials for other cognitive domains (p > 0.05). Acute ASI ingestion increased overall RBANS scores and immediate memory scores in young adults. More research is needed to examine the acute effects of ASI on other domains of cognition, in older populations, and its long-term effects on cognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua L. Gills
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, Exercise Science Research Center, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (J.L.G.); (A.C.); (M.J.)
| | - Anthony Campitelli
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, Exercise Science Research Center, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (J.L.G.); (A.C.); (M.J.)
| | - Megan Jones
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, Exercise Science Research Center, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (J.L.G.); (A.C.); (M.J.)
| | | | - Jennifer Rae Myers
- Neurotrack Technologies, Inc., Redwood City, CA 94063, USA; (J.R.M.); (E.N.M.); (J.M.G.)
| | - Erica N. Madero
- Neurotrack Technologies, Inc., Redwood City, CA 94063, USA; (J.R.M.); (E.N.M.); (J.M.G.)
| | - Jordan M. Glenn
- Neurotrack Technologies, Inc., Redwood City, CA 94063, USA; (J.R.M.); (E.N.M.); (J.M.G.)
| | | | - Michelle Gray
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, Exercise Science Research Center, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (J.L.G.); (A.C.); (M.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Adiamah A, Rollins KE, Kapeleris A, Welch NT, Iftikhar SY, Allison SP, Lobo DN. Postoperative arginine-enriched immune modulating nutrition: Long-term survival results from a randomised clinical trial in patients with oesophagogastric and pancreaticobiliary cancer. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:5482-5485. [PMID: 34656029 PMCID: PMC8581217 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Immune modulating nutrition (IMN) has been shown to reduce postoperative infectious complications and length of stay in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Two studies of IMN in patients undergoing surgery for head and neck cancer also suggested that this treatment might improve long-term survival and progression-free survival. In the present study, we analysed follow-up data from our previous randomised controlled trial of IMN, in patients undergoing surgery for oesophagogastric and pancreaticobiliary cancer, in order to evaluate the long-term impact on survival of postoperative IMN versus an isocaloric, isonitrogenous control feed. METHODS This study included patients undergoing surgery for cancers of the pancreas, oesophagus and stomach, who had been randomised in a double-blind manner to receive postoperative jejunostomy feeding with IMN (Stresson, Nutricia Ltd.) or an isonitrogenous, isocaloric feed (Nutrison High Protein, Nutricia) for 10-15 days. The primary outcome was long-term overall survival. RESULTS There was complete follow-up for all 108 patients, with 54 patients randomised to each group. There were no statistically significant differences between groups by demographics [(age, p = 0.63), sex (p = 0.49) or site of cancer (p = 0.25)]. 30-day mortality was 11.1% in both groups. Mortality in the intervention group was 13%, 31.5%, 70.4%, 85.2%, 88.9%, and 96.3% at 90 days, and 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 years respectively. Corresponding mortality in the control group was 14.8%, 35.2%, 68.6%, 79.6%, 85.2% and 98.1% (p > 0.05 for all comparisons). CONCLUSION Early postoperative feeding with arginine-enriched IMN had no impact on long-term survival in patients undergoing surgery for oesophagogastric and pancreaticobiliary cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfred Adiamah
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre and National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Katie E Rollins
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre and National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Audrey Kapeleris
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre and National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Neil T Welch
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre and National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Syed Y Iftikhar
- University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Derby Hospital, Uttoxeter Road, Derby, UK
| | - Simon P Allison
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre and National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Dileep N Lobo
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre and National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yu HR, Hsu TY, Tsai CC, Huang HC, Cheng HH, Lai YJ, Lin YJ, Chen CC, Li SC, Yang K. The Functional DNA Methylation Signatures Relevant to Altered Immune Response of Neonatal T Cells with l-Arginine Supplementation. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082780. [PMID: 34444938 PMCID: PMC8401784 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
l-Arginine is an important nutrient in the infant diet that significantly regulates the maturation of the immune system in neonates, including the maturation of CD4+ T cells. The biological activities of CD4+ T cells differ substantially between neonates and adults, and these differences may be governed by epigenetic processes. Investigating these differences and the causative processes may help understand neonatal and developmental immunity. In this study, we compared the functional DNA methylation profiles in CD4+ T cells of neonates and adults, focusing on the role of l-arginine supplementation. Umbilical cord blood and adult CD4+ T cells were cultured with/without l-arginine treatment. By comparing DNA methylation in samples without l-arginine treatment, we found that CD4+ T cells of neonatal cord blood generally showed higher DNA methylation than those of adults (average CpG methylation percentage 0.6305 for neonate and 0.6254 for adult, t-test p-value < 0.0001), suggesting gene silencing in neonates. By examining DNA methylation patterns of CpG dinucleotides induced by l-arginine treatment, we found that more CpG dinucleotides were hypomethylated and more genes appeared to be activated in neonatal T-cells as compared with adult. Genes activated by l-arginine stimulation of cord blood samples were more enriched regarding immune-related pathways. CpG dinucleotides at IL-13 promoter regions were hypomethylated after l-arginine stimulation. Hypomethylated CpG dinucleotides corresponded to higher IL-13 gene expression and cytokine production. Thus, DNA methylation partially accounts for the mechanism underlying differential immune function in neonates. Modulatory effects of l-arginine on DNA methylation are gene-specific. Nutritional intervention is a potential strategy to modulate immune function of neonates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ren Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; (H.-R.Y.); (H.-C.H.); (C.-C.C.)
| | - Te-Yao Hsu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; (T.-Y.H.); (C.-C.T.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-J.L.); (Y.-J.L.)
| | - Ching-Chang Tsai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; (T.-Y.H.); (C.-C.T.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-J.L.); (Y.-J.L.)
| | - Hsin-Chun Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; (H.-R.Y.); (H.-C.H.); (C.-C.C.)
| | - Hsin-Hsin Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; (T.-Y.H.); (C.-C.T.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-J.L.); (Y.-J.L.)
| | - Yun-Ju Lai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; (T.-Y.H.); (C.-C.T.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-J.L.); (Y.-J.L.)
| | - Yu-Ju Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; (T.-Y.H.); (C.-C.T.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-J.L.); (Y.-J.L.)
| | - Chih-Cheng Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; (H.-R.Y.); (H.-C.H.); (C.-C.C.)
| | - Sung-Chou Li
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-C.L.); (K.Y.)
| | - Kuender Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 104217, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-C.L.); (K.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sailer CO, Winzeler B, Urwyler SA, Schnyder I, Refardt J, Eckert A, Varghese N, Fassnacht M, Chifu I, Lawson EA, Verbalis JG, Fenske W, Christ-Crain M. Oxytocin levels in response to pituitary provocation tests in healthy volunteers. Eur J Endocrinol 2021; 185:355-364. [PMID: 34181566 PMCID: PMC8650762 DOI: 10.1530/eje-21-0346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oxytocin, secreted into circulation through the posterior pituitary, regulates lactation, weight, and socio-behavioral functioning. Oxytocin deficiency has been suggested in patients with hypopituitarism; however, diagnostic testing for oxytocin deficiency has not been developed. The aim of this study was to investigate known pituitary provocation tests to stimulate plasma oxytocin. DESIGN Sixty-five healthy volunteers underwent either the hypertonic saline or arginine infusion test, known to stimulate copeptin, or the oral macimorelin test, known to stimulate growth hormone. Plasma oxytocin was measured before and once plasma sodium level ≥ 150 mmol/L for the hypertonic saline, after 60 min for the arginine infusion, and after 45 min for the oral macimorelin test (expected peak of copeptin and growth hormone levels, respectively). Primary outcome was a change from basal to stimulated oxytocin levels using paired t-tests. RESULTS As expected, copeptin increased in response to hypertonic saline and arginine infusion (P < 0.001), and growth hormone increased to oral macimorelin (P < 0.001). Oxytocin increased in response to hypertonic saline infusion from 0.4 (0.2) to 0.6 pg/mL (0.3) (P = 0.003) but with a high variance. There was no change to arginine infusion (P = 0.4), and a trend to lower stimulated levels to oral macimorelin (P = 0.05). CONCLUSION Neither the arginine infusion nor the oral macimorelin test stimulates plasma oxytocin levels, whereas there was an increase with high variance upon hypertonic saline infusion. As a predictable rise in most participants is required for a reliable pituitary provocation test, none of the investigated pituitary provocation tests can be recommended diagnostically to identify patients with an oxytocin deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clara O Sailer
- Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, 4031, CH
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, 4031, CH
| | - Bettina Winzeler
- Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, 4031, CH
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, 4031, CH
| | - Sandrine A Urwyler
- Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, 4031, CH
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, 4031, CH
| | - Ingeborg Schnyder
- Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, 4031, CH
| | - Julie Refardt
- Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, 4031, CH
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, 4031, CH
| | - Anne Eckert
- Psychiatric University Hospital (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, 4012, CH
- Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Basel, Basel, 4012, CH
| | - Nimmy Varghese
- Psychiatric University Hospital (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, 4012, CH
- Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Basel, Basel, 4012, CH
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, GE
- Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, GE
| | - Irina Chifu
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, GE
| | - Elizabeth A Lawson
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Joseph G Verbalis
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Wiebke Fenske
- University of Leipzig, Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, Leipzig, 04103, GE
- Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB AdiposityDiseases, Leipzig, 04103, GE
| | - Mirjam Christ-Crain
- Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, 4031, CH
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, 4031, CH
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Vanderniet JA, Benitez-Aguirre PZ, Broderick CR, Kelley RI, Balasubramaniam S. Barth syndrome with severe dilated cardiomyopathy and growth hormone resistance: a case report. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2021; 34:951-955. [PMID: 33851526 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2020-0666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the metabolic and endocrine features of a patient with Barth syndrome who showed evidence of growth hormone resistance. CASE PRESENTATION A male proband deteriorated rapidly with lactic acidosis after a circumcision at age three weeks and was found to have severe dilated cardiomyopathy. A cardiomyopathy gene panel led to the diagnosis of TAZ-deficiency Barth syndrome. He subsequently experienced hypotonia and gross motor delay, feeding difficulties for the first four years, constitutional growth delay and one episode of ketotic hypoglycaemia. Cardiomyopathy resolved on oral anti-failure therapy by age three years. He had a hormonal pattern of growth hormone resistance, and growth hormone treatment was considered, however height velocity improved spontaneously after age 3½ years. He also had biochemical primary hypothyroidism. CONCLUSIONS With careful metabolic management with l-arginine supplementation, overnight corn starch, and a prescribed exercise program, our patient's strength, endurance, level of physical activity and body composition improved significantly by age six years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joel A Vanderniet
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul Z Benitez-Aguirre
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Carolyn R Broderick
- Children's Hospital Institute of Sports Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard I Kelley
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shanti Balasubramaniam
- Genetic Metabolic Disorders Service, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dean MJ, Ochoa JB, Sanchez-Pino MD, Zabaleta J, Garai J, Del Valle L, Wyczechowska D, Baiamonte LB, Philbrook P, Majumder R, Vander Heide RS, Dunkenberger L, Thylur RP, Nossaman B, Roberts WM, Chapple AG, Wu J, Hicks C, Collins J, Luke B, Johnson R, Koul HK, Rees CA, Morris CR, Garcia-Diaz J, Ochoa AC. Severe COVID-19 Is Characterized by an Impaired Type I Interferon Response and Elevated Levels of Arginase Producing Granulocytic Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:695972. [PMID: 34341659 PMCID: PMC8324422 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.695972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 ranges from asymptomatic in 35% of cases to severe in 20% of patients. Differences in the type and degree of inflammation appear to determine the severity of the disease. Recent reports show an increase in circulating monocytic-myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSC) in severe COVID 19 that deplete arginine but are not associated with respiratory complications. Our data shows that differences in the type, function and transcriptome of granulocytic-MDSC (G-MDSC) may in part explain the severity COVID-19, in particular the association with pulmonary complications. Large infiltrates by Arginase 1+ G-MDSC (Arg+G-MDSC), expressing NOX-1 and NOX-2 (important for production of reactive oxygen species) were found in the lungs of patients who died from COVID-19 complications. Increased circulating Arg+G-MDSC depleted arginine, which impaired T cell receptor and endothelial cell function. Transcriptomic signatures of G-MDSC from patients with different stages of COVID-19, revealed that asymptomatic patients had increased expression of pathways and genes associated with type I interferon (IFN), while patients with severe COVID-19 had increased expression of genes associated with arginase production, and granulocyte degranulation and function. These results suggest that asymptomatic patients develop a protective type I IFN response, while patients with severe COVID-19 have an increased inflammatory response that depletes arginine, impairs T cell and endothelial cell function, and causes extensive pulmonary damage. Therefore, inhibition of arginase-1 and/or replenishment of arginine may be important in preventing/treating severe COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Dean
- Louisiana State University Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Juan B. Ochoa
- Department of Surgery, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Maria Dulfary Sanchez-Pino
- Louisiana State University Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Genetics, LSU Health, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Jovanny Zabaleta
- Louisiana State University Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, LSU Health, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Jone Garai
- Louisiana State University Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Luis Del Valle
- Louisiana State University Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Pathology LSU Health, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | | | | | - Phaethon Philbrook
- Louisiana State University Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Genetics, LSU Health, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Rinku Majumder
- Department of Biochemistry, LSU Health, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | | | - Logan Dunkenberger
- Louisiana State University Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | | | - Bobby Nossaman
- Department of Surgery, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - W. Mark Roberts
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Andrew G. Chapple
- Louisiana State University Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- School of Public Health, LSU Health, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Jiande Wu
- Department of Genetics, LSU Health, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Chindo Hicks
- Department of Genetics, LSU Health, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Jack Collins
- Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Brian Luke
- Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Randall Johnson
- Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Hari K. Koul
- Louisiana State University Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, LSU Health, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Chris A. Rees
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Claudia R. Morris
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Julia Garcia-Diaz
- Tissue Biorepository, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Augusto C. Ochoa
- Louisiana State University Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, LSU Health, New Orleans, LA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abdelmageed ME, Nader MA, Zaghloul MS. Targeting HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway by protocatechuic acid protects against l-arginine induced acute pancreatitis and multiple organs injury in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 906:174279. [PMID: 34197778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common pancreatic inflammation associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. AP may be mild or severe which can spread systemically causing multiple organs failure (MOF) and even death. In the current study, protocatechuic acid (PCA), a natural phenolic acid, was investigated for its possible protective potential against L-arginine induced AP and multiple organs injury (MOI) in rats. AP was induced by L-arginine (500 mg/100 g, ip). Two dose levels of PCA were tested (50 and 100 mg/kg, oral, 10 days before L-arginine injection). PCA successfully protected against L-arginine induced AP and MOI that was manifested by normalizing pancreatic, hepatic, pulmonary, and renal tissue architecture and restoring the normal values of pancreatic enzymes (amylase and lipase), serum total protein, liver enzymes (alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST)) and kidney function biomarkers (blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Cr)) that were significantly elevated upon L-arginine administration. Additionally, PCA restored balanced oxidant/antioxidants status that was disrupted by L-arginine and normalized pancreatic levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) content. Moreover, PCA significantly decreased L-arginine induced elevation in pancreatic high motility group box protein 1 (HMGB1), toll like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression. PCA significantly ameliorated L-arginine-induced AP and MOI through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB was the major pathway involved in the observed protective potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marwa E Abdelmageed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Manar A Nader
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Marwa S Zaghloul
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mirmiran P, Bahadoran Z, Gaeini Z, Azizi F. Habitual intake of dietary L-arginine in relation to risk of type 2 diabetes: a prospective study. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:113. [PMID: 34059041 PMCID: PMC8165802 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00774-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are insufficient data in case of the potential association of habitual dietary L-arginine and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) incidence. Here we aimed to examine the potential effect of dietary L-arginine on the T2DM incidence. METHODS For this cohort study, 2139 T2DM-free adults from the participations of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) were recruited. Follow up period was approximately 5.8 years. Daily intakes of protein and L-arginine were estimated using a validated food frequency questionnaire with 168 food item. Hazard Ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusted for sex, age, smoking, diabetes risk score, physical activity levels, and total energy intakes as well as carbohydrate, fiber, fats and lysine, were calculated for L-arginine as both absolute intake and its ratio from total protein. RESULTS Mean (±SD) age of the participants was 38.9 (±12.6) years and 54.6% were women. Mean (±SD) intake of dietary protein and L-arginine was 77.2 (±22.4) and 4.05 (±1.50) g/d, respectively. An increased risk of T2DM (HR = 2.71, 95% CI = 1.20-6.09) was observed among participants with higher intakes of L-arginine (median intake of > 5.4 vs. 2.69 g/d). Total protein intake and the ratio of L-arginine to total protein intakes were not related to incidence of T2DM in both crude and adjusted models. CONCLUSION We found that higher dietary L-arginine levels may increase risk of T2DM and it may have an independent role in T2DM development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 19395-4763, No. 24, Sahid-Erabi St, Yemen St, Chamran Exp, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahadoran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 19395-4763, No. 24, Sahid-Erabi St, Yemen St, Chamran Exp, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Gaeini
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 19395-4763, No. 24, Sahid-Erabi St, Yemen St, Chamran Exp, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wu X, Cheng Y, Zheng R, Xu K, Yan J, Song P, Wang Y, Rauf A, Pan Y, Zhang H. Immunomodulation of Tumor Microenvironment by Arginine-Loaded Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Gaseous Immunotherapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:19825-19835. [PMID: 33881837 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) of M2 phenotype have mediated the immunosuppression in a tumor microenvironment, facilitating the escape of tumor cells from immunosurveillance. Reprograming the immunosuppressive M2 TAMs to immunostimulatory M1 phenotype can activate the antitumor immune responses for cancer immunotherapy. Herein, hollow iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (NPs) were employed to reprogram M2 TAMs toward M1 TAMs, aiming to release proinflammatory cytokines and recruit T cells to kill tumor cells. After loaded with l-arginine (l-Arg) and sealed with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), hollow Fe3O4 NPs were fabricated into LPFe3O4 NPs, which could release l-Arg based on pH-responsive PAA and produce nitric oxide (NO) with the help of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) overexpressed by M1 TAMs, as a result of additional tumor elimination for gas therapy. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that LPFe3O4 NPs could effectively reprogram M2 to M1 macrophages, activating T cells, releasing TNF-α, and producing high levels of NO, leading to synergistic tumor therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaqing Wu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022 Jilin, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026 Anhui, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022 Jilin, China
| | - Runxiao Zheng
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022 Jilin, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026 Anhui, China
| | - Keqiang Xu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022 Jilin, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026 Anhui, China
| | - Jiao Yan
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022 Jilin, China
| | - Panpan Song
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022 Jilin, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026 Anhui, China
| | - Yanjing Wang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022 Jilin, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026 Anhui, China
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Ambar, 23430 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Yue Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Haiyuan Zhang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022 Jilin, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026 Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Al-Toubah T, Sikaria D, Jesurajan J, Bottiglieri S, Smith J, Pellé E, Hutchinson T, Strosberg J, El-Haddad G. Comparison of Nausea and Vomiting Associated With Amino Acid Formulations Coinfused With Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy: Commercial Parenteral Nutrition Formulas Versus Compounded Arginine/Lysine. Pancreas 2021; 50:513-515. [PMID: 33939662 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Positively charged amino acids (AA) such as arginine/lysine are coinfused with radiolabeled somatostatin analogs to reduce rates of nephrotoxicity. In the phase 3 NETTER-1 trial, commercial AA formulations were used in association with 177Lu-DOTA-0-Tyr3-Octreotate (DOTATATE). These formulations were also used in an early-access program (EAP) before regulatory approval of 177Lu-DOTATATE. Our program transitioned to compounded l-arginine 2.5%/l-lysine 2.5% in 0.9% NaCl after commercial approval of 177Lu-DOTATATE. We sought to compare rates of nausea/vomiting with arginine/lysine versus commercial parenteral AA formulations. METHODS Rates of nausea/vomiting of all 20 EAP patients who received commercial AAs (15% Clinisol) were compared with the first 29 patients to receive 177Lu-DOTATATE after commercial approval and coinfused with arginine/lysine. Other parameters reviewed included infusion rates, need for PRN nausea medications, and other toxicities. RESULTS Seventeen percent of patients who received compounded arginine/lysine experienced nausea, compared with 100% of patients in the EAP group (P < 0.0001). Infusion-related reactions occurred in 3% of the arginine/lysine cohort versus 35% in the EAP group. Infusion durations were substantially shorter in the arginine/lysine cohort (reduced by 61%). CONCLUSIONS Coinfusions of arginine/lysine with radiolabeled somatostatin analogs result in substantially lower rates of nausea/vomiting compared with commercial AA formulations designed for parenteral nutrition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taymeyah Al-Toubah
- From the Department of GI Oncology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute
| | | | - Jose Jesurajan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA
| | | | - Johnna Smith
- Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | | | - Tai Hutchinson
- From the Department of GI Oncology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute
| | - Jonathan Strosberg
- From the Department of GI Oncology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute
| | - Ghassan El-Haddad
- Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rondanelli M, Nichetti M, Peroni G, Naso M, Faliva MA, Iannello G, Di Paolo E, Perna S. Effect of a Food for Special Medical Purposes for Muscle Recovery, Consisting of Arginine, Glutamine and Beta-Hydroxy-Beta-Methylbutyrate on Body Composition and Skin Health in Overweight and Obese Class I Sedentary Postmenopausal Women. Nutrients 2021; 13:975. [PMID: 33802917 PMCID: PMC8002755 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The consumption of dietary amino acids has been evaluated for therapeutic and safety intervention in obesity. In particular, three molecules have been shown to be effective: arginine, glutamine and leucine (and its metabolite beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate, HMB). This randomized, double-blinded pilot study in obese postmenopausal patients aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the administration of a specific food for special medical purposes (FSMP) consisting of arginine, glutamine and HMB on body composition, in particular, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), as the primary endpoint. The secondary endpoint was to evaluate the effects on skin health through a validated self-reported questionnaire. A significant improvement on VAT of Δ = -153.600, p = 0.01 was recorded in the intervention group. Skin health showed a significant improvement in the treatment group for the following: bright Δ = 1.400 (0.758; 2.042), elasticity Δ = 0.900 (0.239; 1.561), wrinkles Δ = 0.800 (0.276; 1.324), and on total score, Δ = 3.000 (1.871; 4.129). In the intervention group, the improvement in VAT was associated with an improvement in the bright score (r = -0.58; p = 0.01). In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the intake for 4-weeks of arginine, glutamine and HMB effects a significant reduction in VAT and improves skin condition, while fat free mass (FFM) is maintained, thus achieving "high-quality" weight loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Mara Nichetti
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.N.); (M.N.); (M.A.F.)
| | - Gabriella Peroni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.N.); (M.N.); (M.A.F.)
| | - Maurizio Naso
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.N.); (M.N.); (M.A.F.)
| | - Milena Anna Faliva
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.N.); (M.N.); (M.A.F.)
| | - Giancarlo Iannello
- General Management, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Enrica Di Paolo
- General Geriatric Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, Sakhir Campus, College of Science, University of Bahrain, 32038 Sakhir, Bahrain;
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Silva EPD, Borges L, Bachi ALL, Hirabara SM, Lambertucci RH. L-arginine Improves Plasma Lipid Profile and Muscle Inflammatory Response in Trained Rats After High-Intense Exercise. Res Q Exerc Sport 2021; 92:82-90. [PMID: 32109201 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2019.1711006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate whether supplementation with L-arginine alone or in combination with physical exercise training can modulate rats' lipid and inflammatory profiles after a single intense exercise session. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into four different groups: control (C), trained (T), supplemented with L-arginine (C + A) and trained and supplemented (T + A). Animals from supplemented groups (C + A and T + A groups) received 300 mg/kg animal body weight L-arginine diluted in 30 mL of drinking water for 8 weeks. Exercise training protocol (moderate intensity-70% achieved in the maximum effort test) was held 5 days/week for 8 weeks. Results: Exercise training induced a decrease in the amount of plasma, cholesterol and triglyceride totals, and skeletal muscle VEGF and CINC. Supplementation alone showed a benefit by reducing LDL levels. Conclusion: Training combined with supplementation showed a pronounced reduction in skeletal muscle VEGF and CINC amount. L-arginine supplementation, especially when associated with the regular aerobic physical exercise at moderate intensity was able to improve not only plasma lipid profile but also the inflammatory response of skeletal muscle immediately after an exhaustive physical exercise session.
Collapse
|
15
|
Casamitjana L, Giménez-Palop O, Corripio R, Pareja R, Berlanga E, Rigla M, Oliva JC, Caixàs A. Glucagon stimulation test to assess growth hormone status in Prader-Willi syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:621-629. [PMID: 32720093 PMCID: PMC7878226 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01367-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) must be confirmed before starting treatment in adults with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). Most studies use the growth-hormone-releasing hormone plus arginine (GHRH-arginine) test. No data are available on the glucagon stimulation test (GST) in PWS. We compared the utility of fixed-dose (1 mg) GST versus GHRH-arginine test in diagnosing GHD. METHODS Adults and late adolescents with PWS underwent both tests on separate days. In the GHRH-arginine test, GHD was defined according to body mass index. In the GST, two cutoffs were analyzed: peak GH concentration < 3 ng/mL and < 1 ng/mL. For analyses, patients were divided into two groups according to body weight (≤ 90 kg and > 90 kg). RESULTS We analyzed 34 patients: 22 weighing ≤ 90 kg and 12 weighing > 90 kg. In patients weighing ≤ 90 kg, the two tests were concordant in 16 (72.72%) patients (k = 0.476, p = 0.009 with GST cutoff < 3 ng/mL, and k = 0.450, p = 0.035 with GST cutoff < 1 ng/mL). In patients weighing > 90 kg, the two tests were not concordant with GST cutoff < 3 ng/mL, but were concordant in 11 (91.6%) patients (k = 0.833, p = 0.003) with GST cutoff < 1 ng/mL. GH peaks on the two tests correlated (r = 0.725, p = 0.008). CONCLUSION Fixed-dose (1 mg) GST using a peak GH cutoff of < 3 ng/mL or < 1 ng/mL promises to be useful for screening for GHD in adults and late adolescents with PWS. However, in those weighing > 90 kg, the < 1 ng/mL cutoff seems better. Larger studies are necessary to establish definitive glucagon doses and cutoffs, especially in extremely obese patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Casamitjana
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, C/ Parc Taulí, 1, 08208, Sabadell, Spain
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Spain
| | - O Giménez-Palop
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, C/ Parc Taulí, 1, 08208, Sabadell, Spain
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Spain
| | - R Corripio
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Spain
- Pediatrics Department, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
| | - R Pareja
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, C/ Parc Taulí, 1, 08208, Sabadell, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Spain
| | - E Berlanga
- Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Spain
- Clinical Laboratory Department, UDIAT, Corporació Sanitària Universitària Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
| | - M Rigla
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, C/ Parc Taulí, 1, 08208, Sabadell, Spain
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Spain
| | - J C Oliva
- Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Spain
- Epidemiology Department, Fundació Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
| | - A Caixàs
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, C/ Parc Taulí, 1, 08208, Sabadell, Spain.
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
- Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yuan Q, Huang J, Xian C, Wu J. Amino Acid- and Growth Factor-Based Multifunctional Nanocapsules for the Modulation of the Local Microenvironment in Tissue Engineering. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:2165-2178. [PMID: 33400482 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c15133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative damage to cells from metabolites at a wound site is one of the trickiest factors inhibiting tissue regeneration, especially with bulk damage. In addition, an excessive inflammatory reaction by the body at the wound site can make it even worse. How to scavenge the reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced from metabolism and inflammatory reactions has become a critical issue in tissue engineering. Here, we utilize the natural bioactive small molecules l-arginine and l-phenylalanine and the growth factor inositol to synthesize a branched poly(ester amide) (BPEA) to fabricate BPEA nanocapsules for vitamin E delivery at wound sites. BPEA nanocapsules loaded with vitamin E (BPEA@VE NCs) could protect cells from both extracellular and intracellular damage by scavenging ROS. Simultaneously, the inflammatory reaction could also be downregulated, benefiting from the introduction of l-arginine. Furthermore, the biodegradation products of BPEA are natural metabolites of the body, such as amino acids and growth factors, guaranteeing the biocompatibility of the BPEA@VE NCs. The protective ability of the BPEA@VE NCs was also investigated in vivo for accelerated wound healing. All the results indicate that the BPEA@VE NCs have promising potential for the modulation of the local microenvironment in tissue engineering for excellent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qijuan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument of Guangdong Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen UniversityRINGGOLD, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument of Guangdong Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen UniversityRINGGOLD, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Caihong Xian
- Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument of Guangdong Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen UniversityRINGGOLD, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument of Guangdong Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen UniversityRINGGOLD, Guangzhou 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pervin M, Unno K, Konishi T, Nakamura Y. L-Arginine Exerts Excellent Anti-Stress Effects on Stress-Induced Shortened Lifespan, Cognitive Decline and Depression. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E508. [PMID: 33419170 PMCID: PMC7825557 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-stress potential of dietary L-arginine (Arg) was assessed in psychosocially stress-loaded senescence-accelerated (SAMP10) mice. Although this strain of mouse is sensitive to stress, daily administration of Arg at 3 mg/kg significantly suppressed aging-related cognitive decline and behavioral depression at nine months of age and counteracted stress-induced shortened lifespan. To investigate the mechanism of the anti-stress effect of Arg in the brain, early changes in oxidative damage and gene expression levels were measured using SAMP10 mice that were stress-loaded for three days. Increased lipid peroxidation in the brains of stressed mice was significantly lowered by Arg intake. Several genes associated with oxidative stress response and neuronal excitotoxic cell death, including Nr4a1, Arc, and Cyr61, remarkably increased in response to psychosocial stress; however, their expression was significantly suppressed in mice that ingested Arg even under stress conditions. In contrast, the genes that maintain mitochondrial functions and neuronal survival, including Hba-a2 and Hbb-b2, were significantly increased in mice that ingested Arg. These results indicate that Arg reduces oxidative damage and enhances mitochondrial functions in the brain. We suggest that the daily intake of Arg plays important roles in reducing stress-induced brain damage and slowing aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monira Pervin
- Tea Science Center, Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan;
| | - Keiko Unno
- Tea Science Center, Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan;
| | - Tomokazu Konishi
- Faculty of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, Shimoshinjo Nakano, Akita 010-0195, Japan;
| | - Yoriyuki Nakamura
- Tea Science Center, Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan;
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The endocrine pancreas comprises the islets of Langerhans, primarily consisting of beta cells, alpha cells and delta cells responsible for secretion of insulin, glucagon and somatostatin, respectively. A certain level of intra-islet communication is thought to exist, where the individual hormones may reach the other islet cells and regulate their secretion. Glucagon has been demonstrated to importantly regulate insulin secretion, while somatostatin powerfully inhibits both insulin and glucagon secretion. In this study we investigated how secretion of somatostatin is regulated by paracrine signalling from glucagon and insulin. METHODS Somatostatin secretion was measured from perfused mouse pancreases isolated from wild-type as well as diphtheria toxin-induced alpha cell knockdown, and global glucagon receptor knockout (Gcgr-/-) mice. We studied the effects of varying glucose concentrations together with infusions of arginine, glucagon, insulin and somatostatin, as well as infusions of antagonists of insulin, somatostatin and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptors. RESULTS A tonic inhibitory role of somatostatin was demonstrated with infusion of somatostatin receptor antagonists, which significantly increased glucagon secretion at low and high glucose, whereas insulin secretion was only increased at high glucose levels. Infusion of glucagon dose-dependently increased somatostatin secretion approximately twofold in control mice. Exogenous glucagon had no effect on somatostatin secretion in Gcgr-/- mice, and a reduced effect when combined with the GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin 9-39. Diphtheria toxin-induced knockdown of glucagon producing cells led to reduced somatostatin secretion in response to 12 mmol/l glucose and arginine infusions. In Gcgr-/- mice (where glucagon levels are dramatically increased) overall somatostatin secretion was increased. However, infusion of exendin 9-39 in Gcgr-/- mice completely abolished somatostatin secretion in response to glucose and arginine. Neither insulin nor an insulin receptor antagonist (S961) had any effect on somatostatin secretion. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our findings demonstrate that somatostatin and glucagon secretion are linked in a reciprocal feedback cycle with somatostatin inhibiting glucagon secretion at low and high glucose levels, and glucagon stimulating somatostatin secretion via the glucagon and GLP-1 receptors. Graphical abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Berit Svendsen
- NovoNordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Jens J Holst
- NovoNordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Coughlin CR, Tseng LA, Abdenur JE, Ashmore C, Boemer F, Bok LA, Boyer M, Buhas D, Clayton PT, Das A, Dekker H, Evangeliou A, Feillet F, Footitt EJ, Gospe SM, Hartmann H, Kara M, Kristensen E, Lee J, Lilje R, Longo N, Lunsing RJ, Mills P, Papadopoulou MT, Pearl PL, Piazzon F, Plecko B, Saini AG, Santra S, Sjarif DR, Stockler-Ipsiroglu S, Striano P, Van Hove JLK, Verhoeven-Duif NM, Wijburg FA, Zuberi SM, van Karnebeek CDM. Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy due to α-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency. J Inherit Metab Dis 2021; 44:178-192. [PMID: 33200442 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy (PDE-ALDH7A1) is an autosomal recessive condition due to a deficiency of α-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase, which is a key enzyme in lysine oxidation. PDE-ALDH7A1 is a developmental and epileptic encephalopathy that was historically and empirically treated with pharmacologic doses of pyridoxine. Despite adequate seizure control, most patients with PDE-ALDH7A1 were reported to have developmental delay and intellectual disability. To improve outcome, a lysine-restricted diet and competitive inhibition of lysine transport through the use of pharmacologic doses of arginine have been recommended as an adjunct therapy. These lysine-reduction therapies have resulted in improved biochemical parameters and cognitive development in many but not all patients. The goal of these consensus guidelines is to re-evaluate and update the two previously published recommendations for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of patients with PDE-ALDH7A1. Members of the International PDE Consortium initiated evidence and consensus-based process to review previous recommendations, new research findings, and relevant clinical aspects of PDE-ALDH7A1. The guideline development group included pediatric neurologists, biochemical geneticists, clinical geneticists, laboratory scientists, and metabolic dieticians representing 29 institutions from 16 countries. Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with PDE-ALDH7A1 are provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Curtis R Coughlin
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Laura A Tseng
- Department of Pediatrics Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jose E Abdenur
- Division of Metabolic Disorders, CHOC Children's Hospital, Orange, California, USA
| | - Catherine Ashmore
- Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - François Boemer
- Department of Human Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Levinus A Bok
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Máxima Medical Center, Veldhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Monica Boyer
- Division of Metabolic Disorders, CHOC Children's Hospital, Orange, California, USA
| | - Daniela Buhas
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Specialized Medicine, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Québec, Canada
| | - Peter T Clayton
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Anibh Das
- Clinic for Paediatric Kidney, Liver, and Metabolic Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hanka Dekker
- VKS: Dutch Patient Organization for Metabolic Diseases, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Athanasios Evangeliou
- Division of Child Neurology and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, 4th Department of Pediatrics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital Papageorgiou, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - François Feillet
- Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Pediatric Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
- INSERM UMR S 1256, Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure (NGERE), Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Emma J Footitt
- Department of Metabolic Paediatrics, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sidney M Gospe
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Hans Hartmann
- Clinic for Paediatric Kidney, Liver, and Metabolic Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Majdi Kara
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Erle Kristensen
- National Management of Newborn Screening and Advanced Laboratory Diagnostics in Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Department of Children and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Joy Lee
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rina Lilje
- Department of Children and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nicola Longo
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Roelineke J Lunsing
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Philippa Mills
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Maria T Papadopoulou
- Division of Child Neurology and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, 4th Department of Pediatrics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital Papageorgiou, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Phillip L Pearl
- Division of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Flavia Piazzon
- Neurometabolic Clinic, Children's Institute, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Barbara Plecko
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Arushi G Saini
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Saikat Santra
- Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Damayanti R Sjarif
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Sylvia Stockler-Ipsiroglu
- Division of Biochemical Genetics, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Pasquale Striano
- Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS "G. Gaslini" Institute, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Johan L K Van Hove
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Frits A Wijburg
- Department of Pediatrics Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sameer M Zuberi
- Paediatric Neurosciences Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children & School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Clara D M van Karnebeek
- Department of Pediatrics Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud Centre for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li F, Ning H, Duan X, Chen Z, Xu L. Effect of dietary l-arginine of broiler breeder hens on embryonic development, apparent metabolism, and immunity of offspring. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2021; 74:106537. [PMID: 32891986 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of supplemented l-arginine (l-Arg) in broiler breeder hens' diets on the embryonic development and physiological changes of offspring during the hatching period. A total of 480 35-wk-old healthy female Arbor Acres broiler breeders were randomly divided into 6 groups and fed a corn and soybean meal diet with 6 digestible Arg levels (0.96%, 1.16%, 1.35%, 1.55%, 1.74%, and 1.93%). After a 10-wk experiment, eggs were collected for incubation. At embryonic day (E) 11 to E21, eggs, embryos, and organs (liver, breast muscle, and thigh muscle) were weighed. Total protein, urea nitrogen, creatinine, cholesterol, and triglyceride in plasma, were measured. Plasma level of immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) were measured at E13, E17, and E21. Messenger RNA expression of carbamoyl phosphate synthase I (CPS1), ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC), and argininosuccinate synthase (ASS) in liver and breast muscle tissues was assessed at E13, E17, and E21. The results showed that 1.16% Arg in maternal diet increased egg weight (P < 0.05). The level of Arg in maternal diet has a significant effect on organ index and embryo weight of multiple embryonic days (P < 0.05). Embryonic plasma total protein concentration was significantly affected by maternal dietary Arg level (P < 0.05) and exhibited quadratic responses at E11, E15, E17, and E21 (P < 0.01). Plasma urea nitrogen, creatinine, triglyceride, and cholesterol level were also significantly affected by the level of maternal Arg at different embryonic ages (P < 0.05). Dietary digestible Arg levels quadratically influenced plasma urea nitrogen level at E21 (P < 0.05) and cholesterol concentration at E17 and E19 (P < 0.01). L-Arg supplementation in maternal diet significantly improved the IgG level at E17 and E21 (1.16%, 1.35%, 1.55%, and 1.74%; P < 0.05), the IgM level at E13 (1.35%, 1.55%, 1.74%, and 1.93%) and E17 (P < 0.05) and the NOS level at E13, E17, and E21 (P < 0.05). Maternal dietary L-Arg supplementation significantly improved the expression of CPS1 gene, OTC gene (1.16%, 1.35%, and 1.55%), and ASS gene (1.35% and 1.55%) in the liver (P < 0.05), and also enhanced the CPS1 gene (except 1.35%) and OTC gene (1.55% and 1.74%) expression in the breast muscle (P < 0.05). In conclusion, maternal Arg level affected the embryonic development of offspring and regulated the apparent metabolic programming and immunity state of the embryo. Arginine level of 1.55% in hens' diet was beneficial to the protein synthesis and immunity of the offspring in the embryonic period, and it was recommended to obtain healthy offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Li
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - H Ning
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - X Duan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Z Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - L Xu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Smeets ETHC, Mensink RP, Hoeks J, de Vogel-Van den Bosch J, Hageman RJJ, Joris PJ. Effects of Beetroot Powder with or without L-Arginine on Postprandial Vascular Endothelial Function: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial with Abdominally Obese Men. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3520. [PMID: 33207606 PMCID: PMC7697292 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Through effects on nitric oxide bioavailability, vascular endothelial function is improved after the intake of a high amount of nitrate or L-arginine, but decreased after the intake of a high-fat meal. Therefore, we compared the effects of beetroot powder with or without L-arginine on postprandial brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) after consumption of a high-fat mixed-meal. METHODS Eighteen abdominally obese men completed this randomized, double-blinded, cross-over trial. The study consisted of five test days, each separated by a wash-out period of at least one week. Participants received in random order, a blended meal with a control or nutritional supplement consisting of beetroot powder providing 200 mg nitrate, beetroot with 0.8 g of L-arginine, beetroot with 1.5 g of L-arginine, or 3.0 g of L-arginine. Participants then fasted and 2 h postprandial FMD measurements were performed. RESULTS No significant differences between meals were observed for postprandial FMD (p = 0.45) levels. However, there was a non-significant trend towards a more beneficial postprandial FMD response with the beetroot-containing meals as compared with meals without beetroot. CONCLUSION This trial could not provide evidence for beneficial additive effects of a single dose of beetroot powder combined with L-arginine on postprandial endothelial function in abdominally obese men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen T. H. C. Smeets
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 616, 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands; (E.T.H.C.S.); (R.P.M.); (J.H.)
| | - Ronald P. Mensink
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 616, 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands; (E.T.H.C.S.); (R.P.M.); (J.H.)
| | - Joris Hoeks
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 616, 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands; (E.T.H.C.S.); (R.P.M.); (J.H.)
| | | | - Robert J. J. Hageman
- Danone Nutricia Research, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.d.V.-V.d.B.); (R.J.J.H.)
| | - Peter J. Joris
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 616, 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands; (E.T.H.C.S.); (R.P.M.); (J.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Azeredo R, Machado M, Fontinha F, Fernández-Boo S, Conceição LEC, Dias J, Costas B. Dietary arginine and citrulline supplementation modulates the immune condition and inflammatory response of European seabass. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2020; 106:451-463. [PMID: 32800985 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to determine the modulatory effects of arginine and citrulline dietary supplementation on the immune condition and inflammatory response of European seabass, Dicentrarchus labrax. Four diets were manufactured: a control diet (CTRL) was formulated to meet the indispensable amino acids profile established for seabass. Based on this formulation, three other diets were supplemented with l-arginine at two different levels (0.5% and 1%, ARG1 and ARG2, respectively) and l-citrulline at 0.5% (CIT). Fish were fed these diets for 2 or 4 weeks under controlled conditions. At the end of 4 weeks, fish from all dietary treatments were intraperitoneally-injected with Photobacterium damselae piscicida and sampled after 4, 24 our 48 h. Immune status was characterized by a lymphocyte time-dependent decrease regardless of dietary treatment, whereas peroxidase values dropped in time in fish fed ARG1 and ARG2 and was lower at 4 weeks in fish fed ARG1 than in fish fed CTRL. Up-regulation of several genes was more evident in ARG1-and CIT-fed fish, though pro-inflammatory cytokines were down-regulated by CIT dietary treatment. Following immune stimulation, seabass fed ARG1 showed a decrease in neutrophils and monocytes circulating numbers. On the other hand, expression of 17 selected immune and inflammatory responses genes was barely affected by dietary treatments. Based on the analyzed parameters, results suggest an active role of dietary arginine/citrulline supplementation in modulating immune defences that seem to translate into a suppressed immune repertoire, mostly at the cell response level. The observed changes due to citrulline dietary supplementation were in part similar to those caused by arginine, suggesting that citrulline might have been used by macrophages as an arginine precursor and then engaged in similar immune-impairment leading mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Azeredo
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Marina Machado
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Matosinhos, Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Filipa Fontinha
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sergio Fernández-Boo
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | | | | | - Benjamín Costas
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Matosinhos, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Doll J, Bürkle F, Neide A, Tsitlakidis S, Bruckner T, Schmidmaier G, Fischer C. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound for determining muscular perfusion after oral intake of L-citrulline, L-arginine, and galloylated epicatechines: A study protocol. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e22318. [PMID: 33031270 PMCID: PMC7544292 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000022318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The market for dietary supplements in the sports sector has been growing rapidly for several years, though there is still lacking evidence regarding their claimed benefits. One group is that of nitric oxide increasing supplements, so-called "NO-boosters," which are claimed to improve the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the muscle by enhancing vasodilation.The aim of this study was to investigate 3 of these supplements in healthy male athletes for their muscle perfusion-enhancing potential using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). METHODS This placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized cross-over trial will be carried out at the Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury of the University Hospital Heidelberg. Three commercial NO enhancing products including 300 mg of the specific green tea extract VASO6 and a combination of 8 g L-citrulline malate and 3 g L-arginine hydrochloride will be examined for their potential to increase muscular perfusion in 30-male athletes between 18 and 40 years and will be compared with a placebo. On each of the 3 appointments CEUS of the dominant biceps muscle will be performed at rest and after a standardized resistance training. Every athlete receives each of the 3 supplements once after a wash-out period of at least 1 week. Perfusion will be quantified via VueBox quantification software. The results of CEUS perfusion measurements will be compared intra- and interindividually and correlated with clinical parameters. DISCUSSION The results of this study may help to establish CEUS as a suitable imaging modality for the evaluation of potentially vasodilatory drugs in the field of sports. Other supplements could also be evaluated in this way to verify the content of their advertising claims. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS), ID: DRKS00016972, registered on 25.03.2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Doll
- Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Ultrasound Center, HTRG - Heidelberg Trauma Research Group, Heidelberg University Hospital
| | - Franziska Bürkle
- Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Ultrasound Center, HTRG - Heidelberg Trauma Research Group, Heidelberg University Hospital
| | - Arndt Neide
- Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Ultrasound Center, HTRG - Heidelberg Trauma Research Group, Heidelberg University Hospital
| | - Stefanos Tsitlakidis
- Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Ultrasound Center, HTRG - Heidelberg Trauma Research Group, Heidelberg University Hospital
| | - Thomas Bruckner
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Schmidmaier
- Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Ultrasound Center, HTRG - Heidelberg Trauma Research Group, Heidelberg University Hospital
| | - Christian Fischer
- Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Ultrasound Center, HTRG - Heidelberg Trauma Research Group, Heidelberg University Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chen Z, Ceballos-Francisco D, Guardiola FA, Huang D, Esteban MÁ. Skin wound healing in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) fed diets supplemented with arginine. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2020; 104:347-358. [PMID: 32544556 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dietary administration of arginine on the wound healing process of gilthead seabream was studied. Two replicates of fish (n = 8) were fed with either a commercial diet [control diet (CON), no arginine added] and the CON diet supplemented with 1% arginine (ARG1) or with 2% arginine (ARG2) for 30 days. Afterward, half of the fish were sampled while the other half were injured and continued to be fed the same diet for an extra week. Results by image analysis showed that the wound closure rate was significantly improved in fish that were fed the ARG1 diet, compared with those in the CON group. After seven days of wound healing, the aminotransferase and creatine kinase levels in the serum and the protease and peroxidase activities in the skin mucus were down-regulated, while the immunoglobulin M level in the skin mucus was up-regulated in the ARG1 group after wounding and in the CON group before wounding. Compared with the CON diet, the ARG1 diet remarkedly depressed the gene expression of mpo, il-8, and tnf-α, and enhanced the gene expression of tgf-β1, igf-1, pcna, krt2, mmp9, fn1α, and colIα and the antioxidant enzyme cat in the skin tissues after wounding. Furthermore, compared with both the ARG1 and the CON groups, negative effects of the ARG2 diet on wound healing were demonstrated. In conclusion, a 1% arginine supplementation facilitates skin wound healing and prevents a systemic inflammation reaction by alleviating the inflammatory response and enhancing the re-epithelialization and ECM biosynthesis in skin wound sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhichu Chen
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus of International Excellence, Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Diana Ceballos-Francisco
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus of International Excellence, Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco A Guardiola
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus of International Excellence, Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Dong Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture) & the Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - M Ángeles Esteban
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus of International Excellence, Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang C, Chi C, Liu J, Ye M, Zheng X, Zhang D, Liu W. Protective effects of dietary arginine against oxidative damage and hepatopancreas immune responses induced by T-2 toxin in Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2020; 104:447-456. [PMID: 32553565 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
T-2 toxin is a secondary metabolite produced by Fusarium spp. that is a major cereal and animal feed contaminant. T-2 toxin has numerous adverse effects on animals, including hepatotoxicity. Arginine (Arg) is closely associated with the regulation of immune responses and antioxidant activity in tissues. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the protective effects of dietary Arg against oxidative damage and immune responses of the hepatopancreas induced by T-2 toxin in Chinese mitten crab. According to the results, 3.17% Arg in the diet decreased alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase activity in the haemolymph significantly, when compared with the levels of activity in the T-2 toxin group. Arg supplementation also increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity, while decreasing malondialdehyde concentrations in the hepatopancreas, when compared with the levels in the T-2 toxin group. In addition, 3.17% Arg in the diet increased acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase activity in the hepatopancreas, as well as albumin concentrations in the haemolymph, when compared with the T-2 toxin group. Dietary Arg also regulated the expression of antioxidant enzyme-related genes (mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase, cytosolic manganese superoxide dismutase, and catalase) and immune related genes (prophenoloxidase, NF-κB-like transcription factor Relish, and lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-α factor) to alleviate the damage associated with the T-2 toxin. Furthermore, Arg ameliorated damage to the hepatopancreas microstructure in the crabs. The results of the present study indicate that dietary Arg could enhance the antioxidant and immune capacity of Chinese mitten crab against oxidative damage and immune injury to the hepatopancreas induced by T-2 toxin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caiyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, National Experimental Teaching Center for Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Cheng Chi
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, National Experimental Teaching Center for Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiadai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, National Experimental Teaching Center for Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Mingwen Ye
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, National Experimental Teaching Center for Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaochuan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, National Experimental Teaching Center for Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Dingdong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, National Experimental Teaching Center for Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, National Experimental Teaching Center for Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Jabłońska B, Mrowiec S. The Role of Immunonutrition in Patients Undergoing Pancreaticoduodenectomy. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092547. [PMID: 32842475 PMCID: PMC7551458 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is one of the most difficult and complex surgical procedures in abdominal surgery. Malnutrition and immune dysfunction in patients with pancreatic cancer (PC) may lead to a higher risk of postoperative infectious complications. Although immunonutrition (IN) is recommended for enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in patients undergoing PD for 5-7 days perioperatively, its role in patients undergoing pancreatectomy is still unclear and controversial. It is known that the proper surgical technique is very important in order to reduce a risk of postoperative complications, such as a pancreatic fistula, and to improve disease-free survival in patients following PD. However, it has been proven that IN decreases the risk of infectious complications, and shortens hospital stays in patients undergoing PD. This is a result of the impact on altered inflammatory responses in patients with cancer. Both enteral and parenteral, as well as preoperative and postoperative IN, using various nutrients, such as glutamine, arginine, omega-3 fatty acids and nucleotides, is administered. The most frequently used preoperative oral supplementation is recommended. The aim of this paper is to present the indications and benefits of IN in patients undergoing PD.
Collapse
|
27
|
Chaliha DR, Vaccarezza M, Takechi R, Lam V, Visser E, Drummond P, Mamo JCL. A Paradoxical Vasodilatory Nutraceutical Intervention for Prevention and Attenuation of Migraine-A Hypothetical Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2487. [PMID: 32824835 PMCID: PMC7468811 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies suggest that migraine pain has a vascular component. The prevailing dogma is that peripheral vasoconstriction activates baroreceptors in central, large arteries. Dilatation of central vessels stimulates nociceptors and induces cortical spreading depression. Studies investigating nitric oxide (NO) donors support the indicated hypothesis that pain is amplified when acutely administered. In this review, we provide an alternate hypothesis which, if substantiated, may provide therapeutic opportunities for attenuating migraine frequency and severity. We suggest that in migraines, heightened sympathetic tone results in progressive central microvascular constriction. Suboptimal parenchymal blood flow, we suggest, activates nociceptors and triggers headache pain onset. Administration of NO donors could paradoxically promote constriction of the microvasculature as a consequence of larger upstream central artery vasodilatation. Inhibitors of NO production are reported to alleviate migraine pain. We describe how constriction of larger upstream arteries, induced by NO synthesis inhibitors, may result in a compensatory dilatory response of the microvasculature. The restoration of central capillary blood flow may be the primary mechanism for pain relief. Attenuating the propensity for central capillary constriction and promoting a more dilatory phenotype may reduce frequency and severity of migraines. Here, we propose consideration of two dietary nutraceuticals for reducing migraine risk: L-arginine and aged garlic extracts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devahuti Rai Chaliha
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Kent St., Bentley 6102, Australia; (D.R.C.); (M.V.); (R.T.); (V.L.)
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Kent St., Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Mauro Vaccarezza
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Kent St., Bentley 6102, Australia; (D.R.C.); (M.V.); (R.T.); (V.L.)
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Kent St., Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Ryu Takechi
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Kent St., Bentley 6102, Australia; (D.R.C.); (M.V.); (R.T.); (V.L.)
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Kent St., Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Virginie Lam
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Kent St., Bentley 6102, Australia; (D.R.C.); (M.V.); (R.T.); (V.L.)
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Kent St., Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Eric Visser
- School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle 6160, Australia;
| | - Peter Drummond
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education (SHEE), Murdoch University, Murdoch 6150, Australia;
| | - John Charles Louis Mamo
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Kent St., Bentley 6102, Australia; (D.R.C.); (M.V.); (R.T.); (V.L.)
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Kent St., Bentley 6102, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Foot ulcers in people with diabetes are non-healing, or poorly healing, partial, or full-thickness wounds below the ankle. These ulcers are common, expensive to manage and cause significant morbidity and mortality. The presence of a wound has an impact on nutritional status because of the metabolic cost of repairing tissue damage, in addition to the nutrient losses via wound fluid. Nutritional interventions may improve wound healing of foot ulcers in people with diabetes. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of nutritional interventions on the healing of foot ulcers in people with diabetes. SEARCH METHODS In March 2020 we searched the Cochrane Wounds Specialised Register; the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); Ovid MEDLINE; Ovid Embase and EBSCO CINAHL Plus. We also searched clinical trials registries for ongoing and unpublished studies, and scanned reference lists of relevant included studies as well as reviews, meta-analyses and health technology reports to identify additional studies. There were no restrictions with respect to language, date of publication or study setting. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effect of nutritional interventions on the healing of foot ulcers in people with diabetes. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors, working independently, assessed included RCTs for their risk of bias and rated the certainty of evidence using GRADE methodology, using pre-determined inclusion and quality criteria. MAIN RESULTS We identified nine RCTs (629 participants). Studies explored oral nutritional interventions as follows: a protein (20 g protein per 200 mL bottle), 1 kcal/mL ready-to-drink, nutritional supplement with added vitamins, minerals and trace elements; arginine, glutamine and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate supplement; 220 mg zinc sulphate supplements; 250 mg magnesium oxide supplements; 1000 mg/day omega-3 fatty acid from flaxseed oil; 150,000 IU of vitamin D, versus 300,000 IU of vitamin D; 250 mg magnesium oxide plus 400 IU vitamin E and 50,000 IU vitamin D supplements. The comparator in eight studies was placebo, and in one study a different dose of vitamin D. Eight studies reported the primary outcome measure of ulcer healing; only two studies reported a measure of complete healing. Six further studies reported measures of change in ulcer dimension, these studies reported only individual parameters of ulcer dimensions (i.e. length, width and depth) and not change in ulcer volume. All of the evidence identified was very low certainty. We downgraded it for risks of bias, indirectness and imprecision. It is uncertain whether oral nutritional supplement with 20 g protein per 200 mL bottle, 1 kcal/mL, nutritional supplement with added vitamins, minerals and trace elements, increases the proportion of ulcers healed at six months more than placebo (risk ratio (RR) 0.80, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.42 to 1.53). It is also uncertain whether arginine, glutamine and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate supplement increases the proportion of ulcers healed at 16 weeks compared with placebo (RR 1.09, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.40). It is uncertain whether the following interventions change parameters of ulcer dimensions over time when compared with placebo; 220 mg zinc sulphate supplement containing 50 mg elemental zinc, 250 mg magnesium oxide supplement, 1000 mg/day omega-3 fatty acid from flaxseed oil supplement, magnesium and vitamin E co-supplementation and vitamin D supplementation. It is also uncertain whether 150,000 IU of vitamin D, impacts ulcer dimensions when compared with 300,000 IU of vitamin D. Two studies explored some of the secondary outcomes of interest for this review. It is uncertain whether oral nutritional supplement with 20 g protein per 200 mL bottle, 1 kcal/mL, nutritional supplement with added vitamins, minerals and trace elements, reduces the number of deaths (RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.06 to 14.60) or amputations (RR 4.82, 95% CI 0.24 to 95.88) more than placebo. It is uncertain whether arginine, glutamine and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate supplement increases health-related quality of life at 16 weeks more than placebo (MD -0.03, 95% CI -0.09 to 0.03). It is also uncertain whether arginine, glutamine and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate supplement reduces the numbers of new ulcers (RR 1.04, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.51), or amputations (RR 0.66, 95% CI 0.16 to 2.69) more than placebo. None of the included studies reported the secondary outcomes cost of intervention, acceptability of the intervention (or satisfaction) with respect to patient comfort, length of patient hospital stay, surgical interventions, or osteomyelitis incidence. One study exploring the impact of arginine, glutamine and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate supplement versus placebo did not report on any relevant outcomes. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Evidence for the impact of nutritional interventions on the healing of foot ulcers in people with diabetes compared with no nutritional supplementation, or compared with a different dose of nutritional supplementation, remains uncertain, with eight studies showing no clear benefit or harm. It is also uncertain whether there is a difference in rates of adverse events, amputation rate, development of new foot ulcers, or quality of life, between nutritional interventions and placebo. More research is needed to clarify the impact of nutritional interventions on the healing of foot ulcers in people with diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zena Eh Moore
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Meave A Corcoran
- Department of Endocrinology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Declan Patton
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Peine JL, Neville TL, Klinkner EE, Egeland KE, Borowicz PP, Meyer AM, Reynolds LP, Caton JS. Rumen-protected arginine in ewe lambs: effects on circulating serum amino acids and carotid artery hemodynamics. J Anim Sci 2020; 98:skaa196. [PMID: 32529254 PMCID: PMC7333212 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sixty nonpregnant, nulliparous Rambouillet ewes (51 ± 1.4 kg initial body weight) were used in a completely randomized design to determine 1) if rumen-protected l-Arg (RP-ARG) supplementation would increase serum concentrations of amino acids resulting from Arg supplementation and metabolism, and decrease serum concentrations of amino acids that compete with Arg for transporters, 2) if RP-ARG supplementation would alter carotid artery hemodynamics, and 3) the most effective oral dose of RP-ARG to positively increase both circulating amino acids and improve peripheral tissue blood perfusion as measured by carotid hemodynamics. Ewes were penned individually in a temperature-controlled facility. Ewes were randomly assigned to one of four treatments: a control group that received no supplemental Arg (CON; 50 g of finely ground corn, only), or Arg-supplemented groups that received 90 (90), 180 (180), or 360 (360) mg RP-ARG·kg BW-1·d-1 mixed in 50 g of finely ground corn. Supplements were administered once daily for 14 d and fully consumed before the delivery of a total pelleted diet at 0630 and 1830 hours daily. Baseline and final blood samples were collected at days 0 (before treatment initiation) and 15, respectively. Doppler ultrasound was used to assess carotid arterial hemodynamics at 0600 hours on days 0 (before treatment initiation), 5, 8, 12, and 15. After 14 d of supplementation, ewes fed 180 had greater Arg (P = 0.05) and Orn (P = 0.05) and tended (P = 0.08) to have greater Asp in serum than ewes fed 90, and for these amino acids, ewes fed 180 were similar (P ≥ 0.16) compared with ewes fed 360. All supplemented ewes (90, 180, and 360) had a negative change (P = 0.02) from baseline when normalized to CON for the pulsatility and resistance indices, which indicate greater distal tissue blood perfusion and lower vascular resistance of blood flow, respectively. Additionally, there were quadratic responses for the pulsatility and resistance indices (P = 0.03 and 0.01, respectively) where ewes fed 180 had the greatest change from baseline when normalized to CON. Results indicate that Arg supplementation increased serum amino acid concentrations and improved peripheral tissue blood perfusion. The 180 mg·kg BW-1·d-1 RP-ARG dose was determined to be the optimal dose for nonpregnant, nulliparous Rambouillet ewes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jena L Peine
- Department of Animal Sciences and Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND
| | - Tammi L Neville
- Department of Animal Sciences and Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND
| | - Erin E Klinkner
- Department of Animal Sciences and Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND
| | - Kelsey E Egeland
- Department of Animal Sciences and Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND
| | - Pawel P Borowicz
- Department of Animal Sciences and Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND
| | - Allison M Meyer
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - Lawrence P Reynolds
- Department of Animal Sciences and Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND
| | - Joel S Caton
- Department of Animal Sciences and Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abdel-Hakeem EA, Abdel-Hamid HA, Abdel Hafez SMN. The possible protective effect of Nano-Selenium on the endocrine and exocrine pancreatic functions in a rat model of acute pancreatitis. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 60:126480. [PMID: 32146341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis is a serious condition with multi-factorial etiology. The negative impact of acute pancreatitis on the exocrine pancreatic function is well documented; however, its impact on the endocrine function needs more elucidation. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of Nano-Selenium (Nano-Se) on both pancreatic functions in acute pancreatitis. METHODS l-arginine induced acute pancreatitis in rats was used as a model. Fifty adult male albino rats were separated into groups: 1- control group (C), 2- C+ Nano-Se, 3-acute pancreatitis group (AP) and 4- AP+ Nano-Se. Nano-Se was administered before induction of acute pancreatitis. Serum levels of amylase, lipase, selenium, glucose, insulin and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were measured. Homeostatic model assessment of beta cell function (HOMA-β) was also calculated. Oxidative stress markers, selenium content and the anti-apoptotic factor, B-cell leukemia/lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) were assayed in pancreatic tissue along with immuno-expression of nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-κB). RESULTS Acute pancreatitis negatively affected both pancreatic functions. Nano-Se administration lessened the developed pancreatic injury and improved both pancreatic functions. CONCLUSION Nano-Se could improve the deteriorated pancreatic functions in acute pancreatitis via its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and pro-apoptotic actions. Thus, it may be used in prevention of acute pancreatitis and the associated hyperglycemia in vulnerable individuals such as patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Heba A Abdel-Hamid
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61111, Egypt.
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wang S, Song T, Wang S. Mitochondrial DNA 10158T>C mutation in a patient with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes syndrome: A case-report and literature review (CARE-complaint). Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e20310. [PMID: 32541454 PMCID: PMC7302614 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000020310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke- like episodes (MELAS) syndrome is caused by mitochondrial respiratory chain dysfunction and oxidative phosphorylation disorder. It is a rare clinical metabolic disease involved with multiple systems. PATIENT CONCERNS A 22-year-old patient presented with limb convulsion accompanied by loss of consciousness, headache, partial blindness, blurred vision, and so on. DIAGNOSES Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed a high-intensity area in bilateral occipital cortex, left parietal lobe and cerebellum on diffusion-weighted imaging. These focus did not distribute as vascular territory. The pathological examination of skeletal muscle revealed several succinate dehydrogenase reactive vessels with overreaction and increased content of lipid droplets in some muscle fibers. Genetic testing showed that the patient carried m.10158T>C mutation. INTERVENTIONS She was provided with traditional arginine hydrochloride therapy and orally medication of coenzyme Q (10 mg). OUTCOMES Mitochondrial DNA of blood and hair follicle of patient carried m.10158T>C mutation LESSONS:: For the suspected patients of MELAS syndrome, if the hot-spot mutation test is negative, more detection sites should be selected.
Collapse
|
32
|
Yazdanabadi FI, Moghaddam GH, Nematollahi A, Daghighkia H, Sarir H. Effect of arginine supplementation on growth performance, lipid profile, and inflammatory responses of broiler chicks challenged with coccidiosis. Prev Vet Med 2020; 180:105031. [PMID: 32460155 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Avian coccidiosis causes inflammation and decreases growth performance in poultry. Arginine alleviates inflammation and improves growth performance. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different levels of arginine on growth performance, lipid profile, and inflammatory responses in broiler chicks challenged with Eimeria spp. A total of 384 one-d-old broiler chicks were assigned into eight groups and six replications per group. At 21 days of age, a mixture of Eimeria species was used for induction of challenge in the broiler chicks. Broiler chicks were divided into infected and uninfected groups and received arginine at 85, 100, 125, and 150 % of recommended level. Growth performance, serum nitric oxide (NO), pro-inflammatory cytokines, lipid profile, and faecal oocyst were further assessed. Broiler chicks challenged with coccidiosis showed lower growth performance compared to non-challenged broiler chicks in grower and finisher periods; however, those fed diets containing 125 and 150 % arginine showed better growth performance compared to broiler chicks fed with 85 and100 % levels. The challenged broiler chicks showed higher concentrations for serum NO, lipid profile, and pro-inflammatory cytokines in comparison to uninfected ones. Nevertheless, adding arginine into diet at 125 and 150 % levels increased the levels of serum NO and decreased the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, higher levels of arginine caused anti-inflammatory effects in broiler chicks challenged with coccidiosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Izadi Yazdanabadi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - G H Moghaddam
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - A Nematollahi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - H Daghighkia
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - H Sarir
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Viribay A, Burgos J, Fernández-Landa J, Seco-Calvo J, Mielgo-Ayuso J. Effects of Arginine Supplementation on Athletic Performance Based on Energy Metabolism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051300. [PMID: 32370176 PMCID: PMC7282262 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide related ergogenic aids such as arginine (Arg) have shown to impact positively on sport performance through several physiological and metabolic mechanisms. However, research results have shown to be controversial. The great differences regarding required metabolic pathways and physiological demands between aerobic and anaerobic sport disciplines could be the reasons. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of Arg supplementation on aerobic (≤VO2max) and anaerobic (>VO2max) performance. Likewise, to show the effective dose and timing of this supplementation. A structured search was carried out in accordance with PRISMA® (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement and PICOS guidelines in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science (WOS), and Scopus databases from inception to January 2020. Eighteen studies were included which compare Arg supplementation with placebo in an identical situation and testing its effects on aerobic and anaerobic performance tests. Trials analyzing supplementation with other supplements were removed and there was not athlete's level, gender, ethnicity, or age filters. The performed meta-analysis included 15 studies and random effects model and pooled standardized mean differences (SMD) were used according to Hedges' g. Results revealed that Arg supplementation could improve aerobic (SMD, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.12 to 1.56; magnitude of SMD (MSMD), large; I2, 89%; p = 0.02) and anaerobic (SMD, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.43; MSMD, small; I2, 0%; p = 0.01) performance tests. In conclusion, acute Arg supplementation protocols to improve aerobic and anaerobic performance should be adjusted to 0.15 g/kg of body weight ingested between 60-90 min before. Moreover, chronic Arg supplementation should include 1.5-2 g/day for 4-7 weeks in order to improve aerobic performance, and 10-12 g/day for 8 weeks to enhance anaerobic performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Viribay
- Glut4Science, Physiology, Nutrition and Sport, 01004 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain;
| | - José Burgos
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of León, 24071 León, Spain; (J.B.); (J.F.-L.)
| | - Julen Fernández-Landa
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of León, 24071 León, Spain; (J.B.); (J.F.-L.)
| | - Jesús Seco-Calvo
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Physiotherapy Department, University of Leon, Researcher of Basque Country University, Campus de Vegazana, 24071 Leon, Spain;
| | - Juan Mielgo-Ayuso
- Department of Biochemistry Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Valladolid, 42004 Soria, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-975-129187
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Bourdon A, Hannigsberg J, Misbert E, Tran TN, Amarger V, Ferchaud-Roucher V, Winer N, Darmaun D. Maternal supplementation with citrulline or arginine during gestation impacts fetal amino acid availability in a model of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Clin Nutr 2020; 39:3736-3743. [PMID: 32336525 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Supplementing maternal diet with citrulline or arginine during gestation was shown to enhance fetal growth in a model of IUGR induced by maternal dietary protein restriction in the rat. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to determine in the same model whether maternal supplementation with citrulline or arginine would increase 1) citrulline and arginine concentration in fetal circulation; 2) the expression of placental amino acid transporters, and 3) the fetal availability of essential amino acids. METHODS Pregnant rats (n = 8 per group) were fed either an isocaloric control (20% protein, NP) or a low protein (LP, 4% protein) diet, either alone or supplemented with 2 g/kg/d of l-citrulline (LP + CIT) or isonitrogenous Arginine (LP + ARG) in drinking water throughout gestation. Fetuses were extracted by C-section on the 21st day of gestation. The gene expression of system A (Slc38a1, Slc38a2, and Slc38a4) and L (Slc7a2, Slc7a5, Slc7a8) amino acid transporters was measured in placenta and amino acid concentrations determined in maternal and fetal plasma. RESULTS Maternal LP diet decreased fetal (4.01 ± 0.03 vs. 5.45 ± 0.07 g, p < 0.0001) and placental weight (0.617 ± 0.01 vs. 0.392 ± 0.04 g, p < 0.001), by 26 and 36% respectively, compared with NP diet. Supplementation with either CIT or ARG increased fetal birth weight by ≈ 5 or 11%, respectively (4.21 ± 0.05 and 4.48 ± 0.05 g vs. 4.01 ± 0.03 g, p < 0.05). CIT supplementation produced a 5- and 2-fold increase in fetal plasma citrulline and arginine, respectively, whereas ARG supplementation only increased fetal arginine concentration. LP diet led to lower placental SNAT 4 mRNA, and higher LAT2 and SNAT1 expression, compared with NP. SNAT4, 4hFC, LAT2 mRNA were up-regulated in LP + CIT and LP + ARG group compared with the un-supplemented LP group. Higher level of LAT1 mRNA was also observed in the LP + CIT group than in the LP group (p < 0.01). SNAT2 expression was unchanged in response to CIT or ARG supplementation. Fetal amino acid concentrations were decreased by LP diet, and were not restored by CIT or ARG supplementation. CONCLUSIONS The current findings confirm supplementation with citrulline or arginine enhances fetal growth in a rat model of IUGR. They further suggest that: 1) citrulline and arginine administered orally to the pregnant mother may reach fetal circulation; 2) citrulline effectively raises fetal arginine availability; and 3) although it failed to increase the concentrations of essential amino acids in fetal plasma, citrulline or arginine supplementation upregulates the gene expression of several placental amino acid transporters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Bourdon
- INRAE, UMR 1280, Physiology of Nutritional Adaptations, University of Nantes, IMAD, CRNH-Ouest, Nantes, France
| | - Jacob Hannigsberg
- INRAE, UMR 1280, Physiology of Nutritional Adaptations, University of Nantes, IMAD, CRNH-Ouest, Nantes, France
| | - Emilie Misbert
- INRAE, UMR 1280, Physiology of Nutritional Adaptations, University of Nantes, IMAD, CRNH-Ouest, Nantes, France; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Hotel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - Thang Nhat Tran
- INRAE, UMR 1280, Physiology of Nutritional Adaptations, University of Nantes, IMAD, CRNH-Ouest, Nantes, France
| | - Valérie Amarger
- INRAE, UMR 1280, Physiology of Nutritional Adaptations, University of Nantes, IMAD, CRNH-Ouest, Nantes, France
| | - Véronique Ferchaud-Roucher
- INRAE, UMR 1280, Physiology of Nutritional Adaptations, University of Nantes, IMAD, CRNH-Ouest, Nantes, France
| | - Norbert Winer
- INRAE, UMR 1280, Physiology of Nutritional Adaptations, University of Nantes, IMAD, CRNH-Ouest, Nantes, France; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Hotel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - Dominique Darmaun
- INRAE, UMR 1280, Physiology of Nutritional Adaptations, University of Nantes, IMAD, CRNH-Ouest, Nantes, France; Nutrition Support Team, IMAD, University Medical Center of Nantes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Lan J, Dou X, Li J, Yang Y, Xue C, Wang C, Gao N, Shan A. l-Arginine Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Intestinal Inflammation through Inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB and MAPK Pathways and Stimulating β-Defensin Expression in Vivo and in Vitro. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:2648-2663. [PMID: 32064872 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Nutritional regulation of endogenous antimicrobial peptide (AMP) expression is considered a promising nonantibiotic approach to suppressing intestinal infection of pathogen. The current study investigated the effects of l-arginine on LPS-induced intestinal inflammation and barrier dysfunction in vivo and in vitro. The results revealed that l-arginine attenuated LPS-induced inflammatory response, inhibited the downregulation of tight junction proteins (TJP) (p < 0.05) by LPS, and maintained intestinal integrity. In porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2), l-arginine obviously suppressed (p < 0.05) the levels of IL-6 (220.63 ± 2.82), IL-8 (333.95 ± 3.75), IL-1β (693.08 ± 2.38), and TNF-α (258.04 ± 4.14) induced by LPS. Furthermore, l-arginine diminished the LPS-induced expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and inhibited activation of TLR4-mediated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Importantly, we proposed a new mechanism that l-arginine had the ability to stimulate the expression of porcine epithelial β-defensins through activating the mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, which exerts anti-inflammatory influence. Moreover, pBD-1 gene overexpression decreased (p < 0.05) the TNF-α level stimulated by LPS in IPEC-J2 cells (4.22 ± 1.64). The present study indicated that l-arginine enhanced disease resistance through inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB and MAPK pathways and partially, possibly through increasing the intestinal β-defensin expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Xiujing Dou
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Li
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Chenyu Xue
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Chenxi Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Nan Gao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Anshan Shan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Clark TC, Tinsley J, Sigholt T, Macqueen DJ, Martin SAM. Arginine, ornithine and citrulline supplementation in rainbow trout: Free amino acid dynamics and gene expression responses to bacterial infection. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2020; 98:374-390. [PMID: 31968266 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Supplementing the diet with functional ingredients is a key strategy to improve fish performance and health in aquaculture. The amino acids of the urea and nitric oxide (NO) cycles - arginine, ornithine and citrulline - perform crucial roles in the immune response through the generation of NO and the synthesis of polyamine used for tissue repair. We previously found that citrulline supplementation improves and maintains circulating free arginine levels in rainbow trout more effectively than arginine supplementation. Here, to test whether supplementation of urea cycle amino acids modulates the immune response in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), we supplemented a commercial diet with high levels (2% of total diet) of either arginine, ornithine or citrulline during a 7-week feeding trial, before challenging fish with the bacterium Aeromonas salmonicida. We carried out two separate experiments to investigate fish survival and 24 h post-infection to investigate the immediate response of free amino acid levels, and transcriptional changes in genes encoding urea cycle, NO cycle and polyamine synthesis enzymes. There were no differences in percentage fish mortality between diets, however there were numerous highly significant changes in free amino acid levels and gene expression to both dietary supplementation and infection. Out of 26 amino acids detected in blood plasma, 8 were significantly changed by infection and 9 by dietary supplementation of either arginine, ornithine or citrulline. Taurine, glycine and aspartic acid displayed the largest decreases in circulating levels in infected fish, while ornithine and isoleucine were the only amino acids that increased in concentration. We investigated transcriptional responses of the enzymes involved in arginine metabolism in liver and head kidney; transcripts for polyamine synthesis enzymes showed highly significant increases in both tissues across all diets following infection. The paralogous arginase-encoding genes, Arg1a, Arg1b, Arg2a and Arg2b, displayed complex responses across tissues and also due to diet and infection. Overall, these findings improve our understanding of amino acid metabolism following infection and suggests new potential amino acid targets for improving the immune response in salmonids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T C Clark
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen, UK
| | - J Tinsley
- BioMar AS, Grangemouth Docks, Grangemouth, UK
| | | | - D J Macqueen
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - S A M Martin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Martinez JL, Bosco-Garate I, Souza-Gallardo LM, Méndez JD, Juárez-Oropeza MA, Román-Ramos R, Ferat-Osorio E. Effect of Preoperative Administration of Oral Arginine and Glutamine in Patients with Enterocutaneous Fistula Submitted to Definitive Surgery: a Prospective Randomized Trial. J Gastrointest Surg 2020; 24:426-434. [PMID: 30710211 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-018-04099-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of glutamine and arginine has shown several advantages in postoperative outcomes in patients after gastrointestinal surgery. We determined the effects of its use in patients with enterocutaneous fistula after operative treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS Forty patients with enterocutaneous fistula were randomly assigned to one of two groups. The control group received the standard medical care while the patients of the experimental group were supplemented with enteral administration of 4.5 g of arginine and 10 g of glutamine per day for 7 days prior to the surgery. The primary outcome variable was the recurrence of the fistula and the secondary outcomes were preoperative and postoperative serum concentrations of interleukin 6 and C-reactive protein and postoperative infectious complications. RESULTS Twenty patients were assigned to each group. The fistula recurred in two patients (10%) of the experimental group and in nine patients (45%) of the control group (P < 0.001). We found a total of 13 infectious complications in six patients of the control group (all with fistula recurrence) and none in the experimental group. Mean preoperative serum concentrations of interleukin 6 and C-reactive protein were lower in patients from the experimental group. In addition, these levels were lower in patients who had recurrence if compared to patients that did not recur. CONCLUSION Preoperative administration of oral arginine and glutamine could be valuable in the postoperative recovery of patients with enterocutaneous fistulas submitted to definitive surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose L Martinez
- Department of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades - Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ilka Bosco-Garate
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades - Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS), Av.Cuauhtémoc 330, 3er piso, Colonia Doctores, Delegación Cuauhtémoc, 06720, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Manuel Souza-Gallardo
- Department of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades - Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José D Méndez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Metabólicas, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Ruben Román-Ramos
- División Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Ferat-Osorio
- Department of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades - Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico.
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades - Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS), Av.Cuauhtémoc 330, 3er piso, Colonia Doctores, Delegación Cuauhtémoc, 06720, Mexico City, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We would like to inform clinicians that the systematic administration of oral and intravenous L-arginine is therapeutically beneficial and clinically useful for patients with mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS), when they maintain plasma arginine concentration at least 168 μmol/l. RECENT FINDINGS MELAS is associated with endothelial dysfunction by decreased plasma L-arginine, nitric oxide (NO), and cyclic guanosine monophosphate. Endothelial dysfunction is also evident using flow-mediated vasodilation measurement by high-resolution Doppler echocardiography in the forearm artery in patients with MELAS. L-arginine is known to be an important precursor of NO to normalize the endothelial function in MELAS. In our clinical trial followed by 7 years follow-up study, the systematic administration of L-arginine to patients with MELAS significantly improved the survival curve of patients compared with natural history. Maintaining plasma arginine concentration at least 168 μmol/l may prevent the ictuses through the putative pathophysiologic mechanism and optimal normalization of endothelial dysfunction. SUMMARY Neither death nor bedriddenness occurred during the 2-year clinical trials, and the latter did not develop during the 7-year follow-up despite the progressively neurodegenerative and eventually life-threatening nature of MELAS. Therapeutic regimen of L-arginine on MELAS may be beneficial and clinically useful for patient care with MELAS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masamichi Ikawa
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Community Healthcare, Faculty of Medical Sciences
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, Fukui
| | - Nataliya Povalko
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University Graduate School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, OpenLab Gene and Cell Technology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan Respublika Tatarstan, Russia
| | - Yasutoshi Koga
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University Graduate School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Barekatain R, Chrystal PV, Howarth GS, McLaughlan CJ, Gilani S, Nattrass GS. Performance, intestinal permeability, and gene expression of selected tight junction proteins in broiler chickens fed reduced protein diets supplemented with arginine, glutamine, and glycine subjected to a leaky gut model. Poult Sci 2019; 98:6761-6771. [PMID: 31328774 PMCID: PMC6869755 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Changing dietary protein and amino acids may impact intestinal barrier function. Experiments were conducted in broiler chickens to evaluate supplementation of L-glutamine, glycine, and L-arginine in a reduced protein (RP) diet. Experiment 1 examined the growth performance of broilers fed 5 dietary treatments: 1) a standard diet; 2) an RP diet (193.9 g/kg CP in grower and 176.9 g/kg CP in finisher); 3) RP diet supplemented with 10 g/kg L-Gln; 4) RP diet supplemented with 10 g/kg Gly; 5) RP diet supplemented with 5 g/kg L-Arg. Each experimental diet was replicated 6 times with 10 birds per replicate. In a subset of 96 birds, experiment 2 tested the 4 RP diets with and without dexamethasone (DEX) to induce leaky gut. Each diet was replicated 24 times. Fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d) was used to test intestinal permeability (IP). Gene expression of selected tight junction proteins in ileal and jejunal tissues was assayed by quantitative PCR. From day 7 to 35, the RP diet increased feed intake (FI) (P < 0.05) and body weight gain (BWG) compared with the standard diet while Gln reduced FI and BWG (P < 0.05) compared with RP. Gly had no effect on BWG or FCR. Supplementation of Arg improved FCR from day 21 to 35 and day 7 to 35. In experiment 2, Arg tended to lower FITC-d (P = 0.086). DEX increased passage of FITC-d into the serum (P < 0.001). The villi surface area was increased in birds fed higher Arg (P < 0.05). DEX and diet interacted (P < 0.01) for jejunal claudin-3 mRNA level where DEX upregulated claudin-3 for all diets except the Arg diet. In summary, with a moderate reduction of protein, satisfactory performance can be obtained. Although Gln and Gly had no demonstrable positive effect on IP and performance of broilers, increasing the dietary Arg by approximately 140% improved FCR and showed indications of improved intestinal barrier function of birds fed an RP diet under a stress model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Barekatain
- South Australian Research and Development Institute, Roseworthy Campus, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia
- School of Animal and Veterinary Science, Roseworthy Campus, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia
| | - P V Chrystal
- Baiada Poultry, Pendle Hill, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - G S Howarth
- School of Animal and Veterinary Science, Roseworthy Campus, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia
| | - C J McLaughlan
- South Australian Research and Development Institute, Roseworthy Campus, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia
| | - S Gilani
- School of Animal and Veterinary Science, Roseworthy Campus, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia
| | - G S Nattrass
- South Australian Research and Development Institute, Roseworthy Campus, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
Objective: SIRT6 is a main regulator of metabolism and lifespan and its importance has been implicated in the prevention against aging-related diseases. The objective of this study was to examine the application of multivariate longitudinal models in SIRT6, FBS, and BMI analysis in the elderly men after eight weeks concurrent training with supplementation of l-arginine (l-Arg). Methods: Thirty two elderly men with mean age of 63.09 ± 3.71 years were randomly divided into four equal-sized groups (each n = 8); Exercise + supplement (ES) group; exercise + placebo (EP) group; supplement (S) group and control (C) group. The ES and EP groups performed the eight weeks of concurrent training, three sessions per week. Group ES and group S consumed 1000 mg of l-Arg per day at 8:00 pm. Measurements of biochemical variables were done by ELISA Reader method. For analytical purposes, we used the paired sample t-test and multivariate longitudinal modeling with generalized estimating equation (GEE) methodology. All analyses have been implemented in R-3.4.1. p Values less than .05 were considered statistically significant. Results: With respect to significant association between sirt6, FBS, and BMI, this study showed that synergy effect of training and supplementation was greater than the sum of their individual effects on SIRT6 (β = 0.79, p < .001), FBS (β = -5.56, p = .022), and BMI (β = -3.89; p = .041). Also exercise alone had a significantly larger effect than supplementation alone on responses. Conclusions: It can be concluded that the joint usage of concurrent training and supplement of l-Arg for elderly men could improve the metabolism and body composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neda Gilani
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Rouhollah Haghshenas
- Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Semnan University , Semnan , Iran
| | - Mahmoud Esmaeili
- Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Semnan University , Semnan , Iran
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Stoeger V, Lieder B, Riedel J, Schweiger K, Hoi J, Ruzsanyi V, Klieber M, Rust P, Hans J, Ley JP, Krammer GE, Somoza V. Wheat Protein Hydrolysate Fortified With l-Arginine Enhances Satiation Induced by the Capsaicinoid Nonivamide in Moderately Overweight Male Subjects. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1900133. [PMID: 31535460 PMCID: PMC6916637 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Increasing the intake of satiety-enhancing food compounds represents a promising strategy for maintaining a healthy body weight. Recently, satiating effects for the capsaicinoid nonivamide have been demonstrated. As various proteins and amino acids have also been demonstrated to decrease energy intake, oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT)-based bolus interventions of 75 g glucose + 0.15 mg nonivamide (NV control) are tested with/without combination of a wheat protein hydrolysate (WPH: 2 g) and/or l-arginine (ARG: 3.2 g) for their satiating effects in 27 moderately overweight male subjects. METHODS AND RESULTS Compared to NV control intervention, ARG and WPH + ARG treatment both reduce (p < 0.01) total calorie intake from a standardized breakfast by -5.9 ± 4.15% and -6.07 ± 4.38%, respectively. For the WPH + ARG intervention, increased mean plasma serotonin concentrations (AUC: 350 ± 218), quantitated by ELISA, and delayed gastric emptying, assessed by 13 C-Na-acetate breath test (-2.10 ± 0.51%, p < 0.05), are demonstrated compared to NV control. Correlation analysis between plasma serotonin and gastric emptying reveals a significant association after WPH ± ARG intervention (r = -0.396, p = 0.045). CONCLUSION Combination of WPH and ARG enhances the satiating effect of nonivamide, providing opportunities to optimize satiating food formulations by low amounts of the individual food constituents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Verena Stoeger
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Bioactive CompoundsAlthanstrasse 14 (UZA II)Vienna1090Austria
| | - Barbara Lieder
- Department of Physiological ChemistryUniversity of ViennaAlthanstrasse 14 (UZA II)Vienna1090Austria
| | - Johanna Riedel
- Department of Physiological ChemistryUniversity of ViennaAlthanstrasse 14 (UZA II)Vienna1090Austria
| | - Kerstin Schweiger
- Department of Physiological ChemistryUniversity of ViennaAlthanstrasse 14 (UZA II)Vienna1090Austria
| | - Julia Hoi
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Bioactive CompoundsAlthanstrasse 14 (UZA II)Vienna1090Austria
| | - Veronika Ruzsanyi
- Institute for Breath ResearchUniversity of InnsbruckInnrain 66Innsbruck6020Austria
| | - Martin Klieber
- Institute for Breath ResearchUniversity of InnsbruckInnrain 66Innsbruck6020Austria
| | - Petra Rust
- Department of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of ViennaAlthanstrasse 14 (UZA II)Vienna1090Austria
| | - Joachim Hans
- Symrise AGResearch & Technology Flavors Division37603HolzmindenGermany
| | - Jakob P Ley
- Symrise AGResearch & Technology Flavors Division37603HolzmindenGermany
| | - Gerhard E Krammer
- Symrise AGResearch & Technology Flavors Division37603HolzmindenGermany
| | - Veronika Somoza
- Department of Physiological ChemistryUniversity of ViennaAlthanstrasse 14 (UZA II)Vienna1090Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Bioactive CompoundsAlthanstrasse 14 (UZA II)Vienna1090Austria
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Qi C, Wang X, Han F, Jia Y, Lin Z, Wang C, Lu J, Yang L, Wang X, Li E, Qin JG, Chen L. Arginine supplementation improves growth, antioxidant capacity, immunity and disease resistance of juvenile Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2019; 93:463-473. [PMID: 31374316 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.07.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of arginine (Arg) on the growth, antioxidant capacity, immunity and disease resistance of juvenile Chinese mitten crab, three diets containing Arg levels at 1.72% (control), 2.73% and 3.72% were formulated and fed to Chinese mitten crab (0.22 ± 0.03 g) for eight weeks. The weight gain, ecdysterone and growth hormone in the serum, relative expression of insulin-like growth factor 2 in the hepatopancreas significantly increased in crabs fed the 2.73% and 3.72% Arg diets. The protein and lipid contents significantly increased in crabs fed the 3.72% Arg diet. The feed conversion ratios in crabs fed the diets with Arg additions were lower than in the control. Arg supplementation also enhanced the antioxidative capacity by increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and the relative expression of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 gene in the hepatopancreas, which subsequently decreased malondialdehyde content in the hepatopancreas. Besides, Arg also decreased nitric oxide content in the serum and the activity of nitric oxide synthetase in the hepatopancreas. The relative mRNA levels of crustin, relish, lysozyme and cryptocyanin genes were significantly upregulated by Arg supplementation. The activities of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase in the serum significantly increased in crabs fed the 3.72% Arg diet than those in the control. Similarly, the relative mRNA levels of crustin, cryptocyanin and proPO genes were significantly upregulated in crabs fed the 2.73% Arg diet after lipopolysaccharide challenge, and in crabs fed the 3.72% Arg diet after the Poly (I:C) challenge. The crabs fed the 2.73% and 3.72% Arg diets had higher survival rate after bacterial infection than those fed the control diet. This study indicates that the addition of Arg to the diet at 2.7-3.7% can improve the growth, survival, antioxidant capacity, immunity and disease resistance in juvenile Chinese mitten crab.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changle Qi
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China
| | - Fenglu Han
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China
| | - Yongyi Jia
- Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture Genetic and Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, 313001, China
| | - Zhideng Lin
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China
| | - Chunling Wang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China
| | - Jianting Lu
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China
| | - Lu Yang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China
| | - Erchao Li
- Department of Aquaculture College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China.
| | - Jian G Qin
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Liqiao Chen
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Tartar JL, Kalman D, Hewlings S. A Prospective Study Evaluating the Effects of a Nutritional Supplement Intervention on Cognition, Mood States, and Mental Performance in Video Gamers. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2326. [PMID: 31581523 PMCID: PMC6835425 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive function is critical for successful prolonged performance in eSports. This double-blind placebo-controlled study examined the effect of an inositol-enhanced arginine silicate oral supplement on cognitive performance and energy in eSports athletes. Sixty healthy men and women who spent 5 or more hours a week playing video games were randomly assigned to take supplement or placebo for 7 days. On day 1 and 7, before and 15 min after dosing, subjects completed the Trail Making Test (TMT), Parts A and B; Stroop Test; and Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire, and then played a video game for 60 min. Immediately after, cognitive tests were repeated. Self-reported energy levels increased, anger decreased, and TMT-B test errors decreased in the supplement group compared to placebo (p < 0.05). Fatigue, TMT-B time, and TMT B-A score improved in the supplement group compared to baseline (p < 0.05). After 60 min of gaming, supplementation decreased Stroop Test errors and TMT-A time (p < 0.05). Adverse events were minimal and not different between groups. These data appear to support the use of the studies product (nooLVL®) in eSports gamers looking to improve their accuracy, decision making, and reaction time during gaming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaime L Tartar
- College of Psychology, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, FL 33314 1, USA.
| | - Douglas Kalman
- College of Health Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, FL 33314 2, USA.
| | - Susan Hewlings
- College of Education & Human Services, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Winzeler B, Cesana-Nigro N, Refardt J, Vogt DR, Imber C, Morin B, Popovic M, Steinmetz M, Sailer CO, Szinnai G, Chifu I, Fassnacht M, Christ-Crain M. Arginine-stimulated copeptin measurements in the differential diagnosis of diabetes insipidus: a prospective diagnostic study. Lancet 2019; 394:587-595. [PMID: 31303316 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(19)31255-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differential diagnosis of diabetes insipidus is challenging. The most reliable approach is hypertonic saline-stimulated copeptin measurements. However, this test is based on the induction of hypernatraemia and requires close monitoring of plasma sodium concentrations. Arginine-stimulated copeptin measurements might provide an alternative, simple, and safe test. METHODS In this prospective diagnostic study, we recruited a development cohort from University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland, and a validation cohort from five centres in Basel, Aarau, Luzern, Bern, and St Gallen, Switzerland, and the University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. For both cohorts, patients were eligible for inclusion if they were aged 18 years or older, were newly referred with polyuria (>50 mL/kg bodyweight per day) or had a known diagnosis of central diabetes insipidus or primary polydipsia. We also recruited a comparator cohort of healthy controls in parallel to each cohort, comprising adults (aged 18 years and older, with normal drinking habits, and no history of polyuria) and children who underwent arginine stimulation to diagnose growth hormone deficiency (children were only included in the comparator cohort to the development cohort as proof of concept). Patients and healthy controls underwent arginine stimulation with measurement of plasma copeptin at baseline and 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min. The primary objective in the development cohort was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of plasma copeptin concentrations to discriminate between diabetes insipidus and primary polydipsia, and in the validation cohort was to confirm those results. Adverse effects of the test were monitored in all participants, with tolerability of the test rated using a visual analogue scale (VAS) that ranged from no (0) to maximum (10) discomfort. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00757276. FINDINGS Between May 24, 2013, and Jan 11, 2017, 52 patients were enrolled in the development cohort (12 [23%] with complete diabetes insipidus, nine [17%] with partial diabetes insipidus, and 31 [60%] with primary polydipsia) alongside 20 healthy adults and 42 child controls. Between Oct 24, 2017, and June 27, 2018, 46 patients were enrolled in the validation cohort (12 [26%] with complete diabetes insipidus, seven [15%] with partial diabetes insipidus, and 27 [59%] with primary polydipsia) alongside 30 healthy adult controls (two patients in this cohort were excluded from the main analysis because of early vomiting during the test). In the pooled patient and control datasets, median arginine-stimulated copeptin concentrations increased in healthy adult controls (from 5·2 pM [IQR 3·3-10·9] to a maximum of 9·8 pM [6·4-19·6]) and in participants with primary polydipsia (from 3·6 pM [IQR 2·4-5·7] to a maximum of 7·9 pM [5·1-11·8]), but only minimally in those with diabetes insipidus (2·1 pM [IQR 1·9-2·7] to a maximum of 2·5 pM [1·9-3·1]). In the development cohort, a cutoff of 3·5 pM at 60 min provided the highest diagnostic accuracy of 94% (95% CI 84-98). The accuracy of this cutoff in the validation cohort was 86% (95% CI 73-94). By pooling the data from both cohorts, an optimal accuracy of 93% (95% CI 86-97) was reached at a cutoff of 3·8 pM copeptin at 60 min (sensitivity 93%, 95% CI 86-98; specificity 92%, 95% CI 84-100). The test was safe and well tolerated, with median VAS scores of 3·5 (IQR 2-4) in patients with diabetes insipidus, 3 (2-4) in those with primary polydipsia, 1 (1-3) in healthy adults, and 1 (0-5) in healthy children in the pooled participant dataset. INTERPRETATION Arginine-stimulated copeptin measurements are an innovative test for diabetes insipidus with high diagnostic accuracy, and could be a simplified, novel, and safe diagnostic approach to diabetes insipidus in clinical practice. FUNDING Swiss National Science Foundation and University Hospital Basel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Winzeler
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Nicole Cesana-Nigro
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julie Refardt
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Deborah R Vogt
- Clinical Trials Unit, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Imber
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Benedict Morin
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Milica Popovic
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michelle Steinmetz
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Clara O Sailer
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gabor Szinnai
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Children's Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Irina Chifu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany; Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mirjam Christ-Crain
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Andreas M, Oeser C, Kainz FM, Shabanian S, Aref T, Bilban M, Messner B, Heidtmann J, Laufer G, Kocher A, Wolzt M. Intravenous Heme Arginate Induces HO-1 (Heme Oxygenase-1) in the Human Heart. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:2755-2762. [PMID: 30354231 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective- HO-1 (heme oxygenase-1) induction may prevent or reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury. We previously evaluated its in vivo induction after a single systemic administration of heme arginate in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The current trial was designed to assess the pharmacological tissue induction of HO-1 in the human heart with heme arginate in vivo. Approach and Results- Patients planned for conventional aortic valve replacement received placebo (n=8), 1 mg/kg (n=7) or 3 mg/kg (n=9) heme arginate infused intravenously 24 hours before surgery. A biopsy of the right ventricle was performed directly before aortic cross-clamping and after cross-clamp release. In addition, the right atrial appendage was partially removed for analysis. HO-1 protein and mRNA concentrations were measured in tissue samples and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells before to and up to 72 hours after surgery. No study medication-related adverse events occurred. A strong, dose-dependent effect on myocardial HO-1 mRNA levels was observed (right ventricle: 7.9±5.0 versus 88.6±49.1 versus 203.6±148.7; P=0.002 and right atrium: 10.8±8.8 versus 229.8±173.1 versus 392.7±195.7; P=0.001). This was paralleled by a profound increase of HO-1 protein concentration in atrial tissue (8401±3889 versus 28 585±10 692 versus 29 022±8583; P<0.001). Surgery and heme arginate infusion significantly increased HO-1 mRNA concentration in peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( P<0.001). HO-1 induction led to a significant increase of postoperative carboxyhemoglobin (1.7% versus 1.4%; P=0.041). No effect on plasma HO-1 protein levels could be detected. Conclusions- Myocardial HO-1 mRNA and protein can be dose-dependently induced by heme arginate. Protective effects of this therapeutic strategy should be evaluated in upcoming clinical trials. Clinical Trial Registration- URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT02314780.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Andreas
- From the Department of Cardiac Surgery (M.A., C.O., F.-M.K., S.S., T.A., B.M., J.H., G.L., A.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudia Oeser
- From the Department of Cardiac Surgery (M.A., C.O., F.-M.K., S.S., T.A., B.M., J.H., G.L., A.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Frieda-Maria Kainz
- From the Department of Cardiac Surgery (M.A., C.O., F.-M.K., S.S., T.A., B.M., J.H., G.L., A.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Shiva Shabanian
- From the Department of Cardiac Surgery (M.A., C.O., F.-M.K., S.S., T.A., B.M., J.H., G.L., A.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Tandis Aref
- From the Department of Cardiac Surgery (M.A., C.O., F.-M.K., S.S., T.A., B.M., J.H., G.L., A.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Bilban
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (M.B.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology (M.B., M.W.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Messner
- From the Department of Cardiac Surgery (M.A., C.O., F.-M.K., S.S., T.A., B.M., J.H., G.L., A.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Julian Heidtmann
- From the Department of Cardiac Surgery (M.A., C.O., F.-M.K., S.S., T.A., B.M., J.H., G.L., A.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Guenther Laufer
- From the Department of Cardiac Surgery (M.A., C.O., F.-M.K., S.S., T.A., B.M., J.H., G.L., A.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Alfred Kocher
- From the Department of Cardiac Surgery (M.A., C.O., F.-M.K., S.S., T.A., B.M., J.H., G.L., A.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Wolzt
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology (M.B., M.W.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Teixeira PD, Tekippe JA, Rodrigues LM, Ladeira MM, Pukrop JR, Kim YHB, Schoonmaker JP. Effect of ruminally protected arginine and lysine supplementation on serum amino acids, performance, and carcass traits of feedlot steers1. J Anim Sci 2019; 97:3511-3522. [PMID: 31175366 PMCID: PMC6667248 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skz191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
One hundred twenty Angus × Simmental steers [322 ± 4.8 kg initial body weight (BW)] were blocked by BW and randomly allocated to 4 treatments arranged as a 2 × 2 factorial to evaluate the effects of supplemental arginine (none or 63 g/d of a 15.6% metabolizable arginine), supplemental lysine (none or 40 g/d of a 25% metabolizable lysine), and their interaction on performance and carcass composition of feedlot steers during a 170-d feeding period. The basal diet [dry matter (DM) basis] contained 52% dry-rolled corn, 22% dried distillers grains with solubles, 20% corn silage, and 6% vitamin-mineral supplement. Lysine balance was estimated to be -10.3 to -10.8 g for diets that did not contain supplemental lysine, and arginine supply was estimated to be +9.7 g for diets that did not contain supplemental arginine during period 1 (days 0 to 87). Lysine and arginine supplies met or exceeded requirements in period 2 (days 88 to 170). Rumen-protected arginine and lysine were top dressed daily until slaughter at a common BW (622 ± 5.5 kg). Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Body weight, average daily gain, and DM intake were not affected (P ≥ 0.14) by arginine or lysine supplementation. However, lysine increased gain:feed (P = 0.05) during period 1. Lysine decreased serum urea nitrogen (P = 0.03) on day 87, increased (P = 0.01) longissimus muscle (LM) area, decreased (P ≤ 0.01) fat thickness and yield grade, and tended (P = 0.06) to increase moisture content of LM steaks. There tended to be an interaction for moisture content of steaks (P = 0.09), where arginine supplementation increased moisture content to a greater extent in steaks from cattle supplemented with lysine compared with steaks from cattle not fed supplemental lysine. Arginine tended to increase the proportion of Choice grade carcasses (P = 0.09) but did not change lipid content of steaks (P = 0.59). Arginine tended to decrease serum glutamate (P = 0.09) and lysine (P = 0.07) after 87 d of feeding. In conclusion, supplemental rumen-protected arginine and lysine did not improve performance, but lysine can increase carcass muscle and leanness, and although arginine did not increase lipid content of steaks, it may favorably shift carcasses to a greater quality grade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Josey R Pukrop
- Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Y H Brad Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Delgado R, Abad-Guamán R, Nicodemus N, Diaz-Perales A, García J, Carabaño R, Menoyo D. Effect of pre- and post-weaning dietary supplementation with arginine and glutamine on rabbit performance and intestinal health. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:199. [PMID: 31196135 PMCID: PMC6567899 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-1945-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of the present study was to assess if the exposure to glutamine (Gln), arginine (Arg) or their combination from pregnancy, through the maternal diet, to a post weaning supplemented diet, can stimulate litter performance, gut development and immune function. To this end does and their litters were fed the same basal diet no supplemented (control C), or supplemented with 0.4% Gln, 0.4% Arg, or 0.4 Gln + 0.4 Arg. Rabbits were weaned at 25 d of age and fed the same experimental diet as their mothers for 10 additional days (35 d of age). Bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) at 6 d of age and intestinal histology, enzymatic activity, phenotypical and functional analysis of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) from the appendix were determined at 6, 25 and 35 d of age. RESULTS No significant differences on animal performance or mortality rates were observed among dietary treatments. However, kits from rabbit does supplemented with Gln tended (P ≤ 0.10) to reduce the translocation of total number of both aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria to the MLN. Also, rabbits fed the Gln supplemented diets maintained intestinal villous height at weaning compared to the non-supplemented diets (P < 0.05). The proportions of CD45+CD4+ and CD45+CD8+ IEL in the appendix were not affected by dietary means. However, in rabbits IEL at weaning dietary Gln significantly upregulated IL-2 and downregulated IL-6 expression. CONCLUSIONS Despite a lack of effect on performance and mortality the inclusion of 0.4% Gln has a positive effect by maintaining intestinal villous height and modulating the cytokine profile at weaning. The supplementation with Arg or Arg + Gln at the selected doses in this study did not exert positive effects on rabbit intestinal health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Delgado
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, ETSI Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Abad-Guamán
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, ETSI Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Nicodemus
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, ETSI Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Araceli Diaz-Perales
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Campus de Montegancedo, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier García
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, ETSI Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Carabaño
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, ETSI Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Menoyo
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, ETSI Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhang H, Peng A, Yu Y, Guo S, Wang M, Coleman DN, Loor JJ, Wang H. N-Carbamylglutamate and l-Arginine Promote Intestinal Absorption of Amino Acids by Regulating the mTOR Signaling Pathway and Amino Acid and Peptide Transporters in Suckling Lambs with Intrauterine Growth Restriction. J Nutr 2019; 149:923-932. [PMID: 31149712 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have revealed that dietary N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) and l-arginine (Arg) improve intestinal integrity, oxidative state, and immune function in Hu suckling lambs with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Whether these treatments alter intestinal nutrient absorption is unknown. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the influence of dietary NCG and Arg treatment during the suckling period on intestinal amino acid (AA) absorption, alterations in the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, and the abundance of AA and peptide transporters in IUGR lambs. METHODS On day 7 after birth, 48 newborn Hu lambs were selected from a cohort of 424 twin lambs. Normal-birth-weight and IUGR Hu lambs were allocated randomly (n = 12/group) to a control (4.09 ± 0.12 kg), IUGR (3.52 ± 0.09 kg), IUGR + 0.1% NCG (3.49 ± 0.11 kg), or IUGR + 1% Arg (3.53 ± 0.10 kg). RESULTS At day 28, compared with the IUGR group, the IUGR groups receiving NCG and Arg had 7.4% and 7.2% greater (P < 0.05) body weight, respectively. Compared with the IUGR group, the serum concentration of insulin was greater (P < 0.05) and the cortisol was lower (P < 0.05) in the IUGR groups receiving NCG and Arg. Compared with the IUGR group, the IUGR groups receiving NCG and Arg had 13.2%-62.6% greater (P < 0.05) serum concentrations of arginine, cysteine, isoleucine, and proline. Dietary NCG or Arg to IUGR lambs resulted in greater protein abundance (P < 0.05) of peptide transporter 1 (41.9% or 38.2%) in the ileum compared with the unsupplemented IUGR lambs, respectively. Furthermore, dietary NCG or Arg treatment normalized the IUGR-induced variation (P < 0.05) in the ileal ratio of phosphorylated mTOR to total mTOR protein. CONCLUSION Both NCG and Arg can help mitigate the negative effect of IUGR on nutrient absorption in neonatal lambs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Along Peng
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yin Yu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Guo
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Mengzhi Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Danielle N Coleman
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, USA
| | - Juan J Loor
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, USA
| | - Hongrong Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Li RY, Zhang WZ, Yan XT, Hou JG, Wang Z, Ding CB, Liu WC, Zheng YN, Chen C, Li YR, Li W. Arginyl-fructosyl-glucose, a Major Maillard Reaction Product of Red Ginseng, Attenuates Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Regulating Nuclear Factor κB and Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Protein Kinase B Signaling Pathways. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:5754-5763. [PMID: 31045365 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Recently, although ginseng ( Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) and its main component saponins (ginsenosides) have been reported to exert protective effects on cisplatin (CDDP)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI), the beneficial activities of non-saponin on CDDP-induced AKI is little known. This research was designed to explore the protective effect and underlying mechanism of arginyl-fructosyl-glucose (AFG), a major and representative non-saponin component generated during the process of red ginseng, on CDDP-caused AKI. AFG at doses of 40 and 80 mg/kg remarkably reversed CDDP-induced renal dysfunction, accompanied by the decreased levels of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. Interestingly, all of oxidative stress indices were ameliorated after pretreatment with AFG continuously for 10 days. Importantly, AFG relieved CDDP-induced inflammation and apoptosis in part by mitigating the cascade initiation steps of nuclear factor κB signals and regulating the participation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal pathway. In conclusion, these results clearly provide strong rationale for the development of AFG to prevent CDDP-induced AKI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Yan Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun , Jilin 130118 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Zhe Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun , Jilin 130118 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Tong Yan
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun , Jilin 130118 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Gang Hou
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun , Jilin 130118 , People's Republic of China
- Intelligent Synthetic Biology Center , Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Zi Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun , Jilin 130118 , People's Republic of China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development , Changchun , Jilin 130118 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan-Bo Ding
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun , Jilin 130118 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Cong Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun , Jilin 130118 , People's Republic of China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development , Changchun , Jilin 130118 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Nan Zheng
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun , Jilin 130118 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences , University of Queensland , Brisbane , Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - Yue-Ru Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun , Jilin 130118 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun , Jilin 130118 , People's Republic of China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development , Changchun , Jilin 130118 , People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Aurich J, Köhne M, Wulf M, Nagel C, Beythien E, Gautier C, Zentek J, Aurich C. Effects of dietary L-arginine supplementation to early pregnant mares on conceptus diameter-Preliminary findings. Reprod Domest Anim 2019; 54:772-778. [PMID: 30809848 PMCID: PMC6850369 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The importance of the amino acid L-arginine (ARG) for conceptus growth and litter size has been demonstrated in various species. L-arginine is part of embryo-derived polyamines, a substrate for nitric oxide synthase and stimulates protein synthesis by the embryo. In the present study, we have investigated whether dietary L-arginine supplementation stimulates early conceptus growth in mares. Warmblood mares with singleton pregnancies received either an arginine-supplemented diet (approximately 0.0125% of body weight, n = 12) or a control diet (n = 11) from days 15 to 45 after ovulation. Diameter of the embryonic vesicle (days 14, 17, 20 of pregnancy) and size of the embryo respective foetus (length and maximal diameter, days 25-45 of pregnancy at 5-day intervals) were determined by transrectal ultrasound. At foaling, weight and size of the foal and the placenta were determined. Blood for determination of equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) and progestin concentrations was collected repeatedly. Neither eCG nor progestin concentration in plasma of mares differed between groups at any time. No effects of arginine treatment on diameter of the embryonic vesicle between days 14 and 20 of pregnancy were detected. Diameter of the embryo/foetus on days 40 to 45 of pregnancy strongly tended to be enhanced by arginine supplementation (p = 0.06). Weight and size of neither the foal nor placenta at birth differed between groups. In conclusion, L-arginine supplementation was without negative effects on early equine embryos and may support embryonic growth at the beginning of placentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Aurich
- Department of Small Animals and Horses, Obstetrics, Gynaecology and AndrologyVetmeduni ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Martin Köhne
- Department of Small Animals and Horses, Obstetrics, Gynaecology and AndrologyVetmeduni ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Manuela Wulf
- Graf Lehndorff Institute for Equine ScienceVetmeduni ViennaNeustadt (Dosse)Germany
| | - Christina Nagel
- Graf Lehndorff Institute for Equine ScienceVetmeduni ViennaNeustadt (Dosse)Germany
| | - Elisabeth Beythien
- Graf Lehndorff Institute for Equine ScienceVetmeduni ViennaNeustadt (Dosse)Germany
| | - Camille Gautier
- Department of Small Animals and Horses, Obstetrics, Gynaecology and AndrologyVetmeduni ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Jürgen Zentek
- Institute for Animal NutritionFree University BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Christine Aurich
- Department of Small Animals and Horses, Artificial Insemination and Embryo TransferVetmeduni ViennaViennaAustria
| |
Collapse
|