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Wang X, Zhai X, Lian J, Cheng L, Wang M, Huang X, Chen Y, Pan J, He Z, Yang X. Varietal responses to a soil amendment: Balancing cadmium mitigation and mineral biofortification in wheat production. Sci Total Environ 2024; 926:171772. [PMID: 38499106 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The application of soil amendment (SA) and the cultivation of low Cd-accumulating varieties have been a widely favored strategy to enable the safe utilization of Cd-contaminated arable land. However, little has been reported on the reciprocal effects of SA on the Cd mitigation and nutritional quality of different wheat varieties. In this study, we evaluated the impact of an SA on agronomic traits, Cd accumulation, translocation and mineral nutrition of 12 wheat varieties in an acidic field with a Cd concentration of 0.46 mg/kg. The results showed that the SA significantly reduced soil DTPA Cd (42.3 %) and resulted in a slight decrease in wheat grain yield (4.24-9.72 %, average 7.62 %). Similarly, the SA significantly reduced grain Cd concentrations (average 61.65 %) while increased the concentrations of beneficial elements such as Mo and Se in all wheat varieties. However, this intervention also led to a reduction in the concentration of essential mineral elements (such as Ca, Fe, and Mn) in whole wheat grain and starchy endosperm, as well as a reduction in their proportion in the bran. Based on genotypic differences, Huaimai 33, Zhenmai 168, Sumai 188 and Yangmai 28 were considered to be the relatively most promising wheat varieties for achieving a balance among food safety, nutritional quality, and economic yield in this region. Taken together, this study highlights the varietal differences in Cd mitigation and mineral accumulation in different wheat varieties in response to the SA, offering new perspectives for phytoremediation and biofortification strategies for Cd-contaminated farmland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xu Zhai
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiapan Lian
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Liping Cheng
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiwei Huang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yonglong Chen
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianqing Pan
- Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Changxing County, Zhejiang Province, Huzhou 323000, China
| | - Zhenli He
- Department of Soil, Water and Ecosystem Sciences, Indian River Research and Education Center, University of Florida-IFAS, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA
| | - Xiaoe Yang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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2
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Munoz B, Hayes M, Perkins-Veazie P, Gillitt N, Munoz M, Kay CD, Lila MA, Ferruzzi MG, Iorizzo M. Genotype and ripening method affect carotenoid content and bio-accessibility in banana. Food Funct 2024; 15:3433-3445. [PMID: 38436090 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04632j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Bananas (Musa spp.) are a target crop for provitamin A carotenoids (pVACs) biofortification programs aiming at reducing the negative impact on health caused by vitamin A deficiency in vulnerable populations. However, studies to understand the effect of ripening methods and stages and the genotype on carotenoid content and bioaccessibility in the banana germplasm are scarce. This study evaluated carotenoid content and bioaccessibility in 27 different banana accessions at three maturation stages and two ripening methods (natural ripening and ethylene ripening). Across most accessions, total carotenoid content (TCC) increased from unripe to ripe fruit; only two accessions showed a marginal decrease. The ripening method affected carotenoid accumulation; 18 accessions had lower TCC when naturally ripened compared with the ethylene ripening group, while nine accessions showed higher TCC when ripened with exogenous ethylene, suggesting that treating bananas with exogenous ethylene might directly affect TCC accumulation, but the response is accession dependent. Additionally, carotenoid bioaccessibility varied across genotypes and was correlated with the amount of soluble starch and resistant starch. These findings highlight the importance of ripening methods and genotypes in maximizing banana carotenoid content and bioaccessibility, which could contribute to improving pVACs delivery in biofortification programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Munoz
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 9 28081, USA
| | - Micaela Hayes
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Penelope Perkins-Veazie
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 9 28081, USA
| | | | - Miguel Munoz
- Research & Development Department, Dole, Standard Fruit Company de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Colin D Kay
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center (ACNC), University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Mario G Ferruzzi
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center (ACNC), University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
| | - Massimo Iorizzo
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 9 28081, USA
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Sahu SK. Maize gets an iron boost: Biofortification breakthrough holds promise to combat iron deficiency. J Integr Plant Biol 2024; 66:635-637. [PMID: 38351742 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
This commentary describes recent research discovering that the NAC transcription factor gene ZmNAC78 controls iron intake in maize and its implications for biofortification of this important crop. Using ZmNAC78, iron levels in maize can be more than doubled compared with current varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar Sahu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, Key Laboratory of Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture, BGI Research, Shenzhen, 518083, China
- BGI Research, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Liu L, Melse-Boonstra A, van der Werf W, Zhang F, Cong WF, Stomph TJ. The potential of biofortification technologies for wheat and rice to fill the nutritional Zn intake gap in China. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:2651-2659. [PMID: 37985380 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zinc (Zn) deficiency in humans is of worldwide concern. The objective of this study was to investigate the Zn intake gap in Chinese adults and identify the potential role of biofortification technologies for wheat and rice, including crop nutrient management and breeding, in filling the gap. RESULTS We use data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey in 2011 to identify food consumption patterns and dietary Zn intake of 4512 adults to define and quantify the Zn intake gap in the population. The dietary Zn intake gap of surveyed adults ranged from -0.8 to 6.53 mg day-1 across nine provinces and differences were associated with differences in food consumption patterns. Both dietary Zn intake and Zn gap for males were higher than for females. The potential of changes in five management strategies (improved nitrogen fertilization, improved phosphorus fertilization, foliar Zn fertilization, improved water management and growing varieties reaching the grain Zn breeding target) was analyzed. Breeding and foliar Zn fertilization were shown to be the two most effective management strategies that could increase dietary intake by 1.29 to 5 mg Zn day-1 dependent on sex and province. CONCLUSION This study shows that the Zn gap varied across regions in China, with some large enough to warrant interventions. Wheat and rice as two major Zn sources could be targeted without a direct need for dietary diversification. By promoting both biofortification breeding of wheat and rice and Zn fertilization, dietary Zn intake could be enhanced to contribute to human health improvement in China. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alida Melse-Boonstra
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wopke van der Werf
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Fusuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wen-Feng Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Tjeerd Jan Stomph
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Madaan K, Sharma S, Kalia A. Effect of selenium and zinc biofortification on the biochemical parameters of Pleurotus spp. under submerged and solid-state fermentation. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 82:127365. [PMID: 38171269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pleurotus has a remarkable nutritional and nutraceutical profile due to mineral mobilization and accumulation abilities from the substrate. The present study aimed to observe the effect of single and dual supplementations Se and Zn on biochemical parameters of P. florida, P. sajor caju and P. djamor. Also, the bioaccumulation of the trace elements in fortified mushrooms was estimated. METHODS Biomass production and radial growth rate were observed on Se and Zn supplemented broth and agar based medium. Furthermore, the influence of Se and Zn supplementation was recorded on the fruit body yield. The colorimetric assays were employed to estimate total soluble protein, total phenol and total flavonoid contents. The antioxidant activity was assayed as DPPH radical scavenging test. While, ICP-AES was performed to estimate the variation in the Zn and Se content of the fruit bodies. RESULTS The Se supplementation at low rate resulted in improvement in the radial growth rate and biomass production for P. sajor caju. For solid-state fermentation, a better yield was obtained with inorganic salt supplementation in comparison to organically enriched Se straw. The maximum total soluble protein content and total flavonoid content were observed in fruit bodies of P. sajor caju at 4 mg L -1 of Se and Se-Zn respectively. Pleurotus djamor exhibited the highest total phenolic content on Zn supplementation (10 mg L-1). Improved antioxidant potential was recorded with dual supplementations. Salt supplementations caused shrinkage, distortion of the fungal hyphae, and decreased basidiospores with significant amelioration in elemental composition in fortified mushrooms. CONCLUSION The inorganic salt supplementation increased the biochemical potential of Pleurotus spp. in comparison to organically enriched substrate which could further be used for the development of dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashish Madaan
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
| | - Shivani Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
| | - Anu Kalia
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
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Wang L, Zhao J, Mao Y, Liu L, Li C, Wu H, Zhao H, Wu Q. Tartary buckwheat rutin: Accumulation, metabolic pathways, regulation mechanisms, and biofortification strategies. Plant Physiol Biochem 2024; 208:108503. [PMID: 38484679 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Rutin is a significant flavonoid with strong antioxidant property and various therapeutic effects. It plays a crucial role in disease prevention and human health maintenance, especially in anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective and cardiovascular effects. While many plants can synthesize and accumulate rutin, tartary buckwheat is the only food crop possessing high levels of rutin. At present, the rutin content (RC) is regarded as the key index for evaluating the nutritional quality of tartary buckwheat. Consequently, rutin has become the focus for tartary buckwheat breeders and has made considerable progress. Here, we summarize research on the rutin in tartary buckwheat in the past two decades, including its accumulation, biosynthesis and breakdown pathways, and regulatory mechanisms. Furthermore, we propose several strategies to increase the RC in tartary buckwheat seeds based on current knowledge. This review aims to provide valuable references for elevating the quality of tartary buckwheat in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Jiali Zhao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Yuanbin Mao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Linling Liu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Chenglei Li
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Huala Wu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Haixia Zhao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Qi Wu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, China.
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Jagadeesan Y, Meenakshisundaram S, Pichaimuthu S, Balaiah A. A scientific version of understanding "Why did the chickens cross the road"? - A guided journey through Bacillus spp. towards sustainable agriculture, circular economy and biofortification. Environ Res 2024; 244:117907. [PMID: 38109965 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
The world, a famished planet with an overgrowing population, requires enormous food crops. This scenario compelled the farmers to use a high quantity of synthetic fertilizers for high food crop productivity. However, prolonged usage of chemical fertilizers results in severe adverse effects on soil and water quality. On the other hand, the growing population significantly consumes large quantities of poultry meats. Eventually, this produces a mammoth amount of poultry waste, chicken feathers. Owing to the protein value of the chicken feathers, these wastes are converted into protein hydrolysate and further extend their application as biostimulants for sustained agriculture. The protein profile of chicken feather protein hydrolysate (CFPH) produced through Bacillus spp. was the maximum compared to physical and chemical protein extraction methods. Several studies proved that the application of CFPH and active Bacillus spp. culture to soil and plants results in enhanced plant growth, phytochemical constituents, crop yield, soil nutrients, fertility, microbiome and resistance against diverse abiotic and biotic stresses. Overall, "CFPH - Jack of all trades" and "Bacillus spp. - an active camouflage to the surroundings where they applied showed profound and significant benefits to the plant growth under the most adverse conditions. In addition, Bacillus spp. coheres the biofortification process in plants through the breakdown of metals into metal ions that eventually increase the nutrient value of the food crops. However, detailed information on them is missing. This can be overcome by further real-world studies on rhizoengineering through a multi-omics approach and their interaction with plants. This review has explored the best possible and efficient strategy for managing chicken feather wastes into protein-rich CFPH through Bacillus spp. bioconversion and utilizing the CFPH and Bacillus spp. as biostimulants, biofertilizers, biopesticides and biofortificants. This paper is an excellent report on organic waste management, circular economy and sustainable agriculture research frontier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogeswaran Jagadeesan
- Department of Biotechnology, University College of Engineering, Anna University - BIT Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620 024, India.
| | - Shanmugapriya Meenakshisundaram
- Department of Biotechnology, University College of Engineering, Anna University - BIT Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620 024, India.
| | - Suthakaran Pichaimuthu
- Genprotic Biopharma Private Limited, SPIC Bioprocess Laboratory, Anna University, Taramani Campus, Taramani, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600113, India.
| | - Anandaraj Balaiah
- Department of Biotechnology, University College of Engineering, Anna University - BIT Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620 024, India.
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Guo J, Luo X, Zhang Q, Duan X, Yuan Y, Zheng S. Contributions of selenium-oxidizing bacteria to selenium biofortification and cadmium bioremediation in a native seleniferous Cd-polluted sandy loam soil. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2024; 272:116081. [PMID: 38335579 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a trace element that is essential for human health. Daily dietary Se intake is governed by the food chain through soil-plant systems. However, the cadmium (Cd) content tends to be excessive in seleniferous soil, in which Se and Cd have complex interactions. Therefore, it is a great challenge to grow crops containing appreciable amounts of Se but low amounts of Cd. We compared the effects of five Se-transforming bacteria on Se and Cd uptake by Brassica rapa L. in a native seleniferous Cd-polluted soil. The results showed that three Se-oxidizing bacteria (LX-1, LX-100, and T3F4) increased the Se content of the aboveground part of the plant by 330.8%, 309.5%, and 724.3%, respectively, compared to the control (p < 0.05). The three bacteria also reduced the aboveground Cd content by 15.1%, 40.4%, and 16.4%, respectively (p < 0.05). In contrast, the Se(IV)-reducing bacterium ES2-45 and weakly Se-transforming bacterium LX-4 had no effect on plant Se uptake, although they did decrease the aboveground Cd content. In addition, the three Se-oxidizing bacteria increased the Se available in the soil by 38.4%, 20.4%, and 24.0%, respectively, compared to the control (p < 0.05). The study results confirm the feasibility of using Se-oxidizing bacteria to simultaneously enhance plant Se content and reduce plant Cd content in seleniferous Cd-polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Xiong Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Qingyun Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Xuanshuang Duan
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Yongqiang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Shixue Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
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Cao J, Tan X, Cheng X. Over-expression of the BnVIT-L2 gene improves the lateral root development and biofortification under iron stress. Plant Physiol Biochem 2024; 208:108501. [PMID: 38452450 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The vacuolar iron transporter (VIT) family is responsible for absorbing and storing iron ions in vacuoles. Here, the BnVIT-L2 gene from Brassica napus has been cloned for the first time and was found to be expressed in multiple tissues and organs, induced by iron stress. The BnVIT-L2 protein is located in vacuolar membranes and has the ability to bind both iron and other bivalent metal ions. Over-expression of the BnVIT-L2 gene increased lateral root number and main root length, as well as chlorophyll and iron content in transgenic Arabidopsis plants (BnVIT-L2/At) exposed to iron stress, compared to wild type Col-0. Furthermore, over-expression of this gene improved the adaptability of transgenic B. napus plants (BnVIT-L2-OE) under iron stress. The regulation of plant tolerance under iron stress by BnVIT-L2 gene may involve in the signal of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as suggested by Ribosome profiling sequencing (Ribo-seq). This study provides a reference for investigating plant growth and biofortification under iron stress through the BnVIT-L2 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaona Tan
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiuzhu Cheng
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
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10
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Ma Y, Huang X, Du H, Yang J, Guo F, Wu F. Impacts, causes and biofortification strategy of rice selenium deficiency based on publication collection. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:169619. [PMID: 38157912 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) deficiency in rice will result in a Se hidden hunger threat to the general public's human health, particularly in areas where rice consumption is high. Nevertheless, the impact scope and coping strategies have not been given sufficient focus on a worldwide scale. In order to evaluate the impacts, causes and biofortification strategies of Se-deficient rice, this study collected data from the publications on three themes: market survey, field sampling and controlled experiments. According to the market survey, global rice Se concentrations were 0.079 mg/kg on mean and 0.062 mg/kg on median. East Asia has a human Se intake gap due to the region's high rice consumption and the lowest rice Se concentration in markets globally. Total Se concentrations in East Asian paddy soils were found to be adequate based on the field sampling. However, over 70 % of East Asian paddy fields were inadequate to yield rice that met the global mean for rice Se concentration. The Se-deficient rice was probably caused by widespread low Se bioavailability in East Asian paddy fields. There were two important factors influencing rice Se enrichment including root Se uptake and iron oxide in soils. Concentrating on these processes is beneficial to rice Se biofortification. Since Se is adequate in the paddy soils of East Asia. Rather of adding Se exogenously, activating the native Se in paddy soil is probably a more appropriate strategy for rice Se biofortification in East Asia. Meta-analysis revealed water management had the greatest impact on rice Se biofortification. The risks and solutions for rice Se deficiency were discussed in our farmland-to-table survey, which will be a valuable information in addressing the global challenge of Se hidden hunger. This study also provided new perspectives and their justifications, critically analyzing both present and future strategies to address Se hidden hunger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhe Ma
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xintian Huang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Huini Du
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jing Yang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fuxing Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fuyong Wu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China.
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11
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Amerian M, Palangi A, Gohari G, Ntatsi G. Enhancing salinity tolerance in cucumber through Selenium biofortification and grafting. BMC Plant Biol 2024; 24:24. [PMID: 38166490 PMCID: PMC10762928 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04711-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salinity stress is a major limiting factor for plant growth, particularly in arid and semi-arid environments. To mitigate the detrimental effects of salinity stress on vegetable production, selenium (Se) biofortification and grafting onto tolerant rootstocks have emerged as effective and sustainable cultivation practices. This study aimed to investigate the combined effects of Se biofortification and grafting onto tolerant rootstock on the yield of cucumber grown under salinity stress greenhouse conditions. The experiment followed a completely randomized factorial design with three factors: salinity level (0, 50, and 100 mM of NaCl), foliar Se application (0, 5, and 10 mg L-1 of sodium selenate) and grafting (grafted and non-grafted plants) using pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) as the rootstock. Each treatment was triplicated. RESULTS The results of this study showed that Se biofortification and grafting significantly enhanced salinity tolerance in grafted cucumbers, leading to increased yield and growth. Moreover, under salinity stress conditions, Se-Biofortified plants exhibited increased leaf relative water content (RWC), proline, total soluble sugars, protein, phenol, flavonoids, and antioxidant enzymes. These findings indicate that Se contributes to the stabilization of cucumber cell membrane and the reduction of ion leakage by promoting the synthesis of protective compounds and enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity. Moreover, grafting onto pumpkin resulted in increased salinity tolerance of cucumber through reduced Na uptake and translocation to the scion. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the results highlight the effectiveness of Se biofortification and grafting onto pumpkin in improving cucumber salinity tolerance. A sodium selenate concentration of 10 mg L-1 is suggested to enhance the salinity tolerance of grafted cucumbers. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of sustainable cultivation practices to mitigate the adverse impact of salinity stress on cucumber production in challenging environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoomeh Amerian
- Department of Horticultural Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Amir Palangi
- Department of Horticultural Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Gohari
- Department of Horticultural Sciecne, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Georgia Ntatsi
- Department of Crop Science, Laboratory of Vegetable Crops, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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12
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Du Q, Li W. Iron biofortification in maize by ZmNAC78 is a promising and sustainable way to fight iron-deficiency anaemia. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1538. [PMID: 38224176 PMCID: PMC10788879 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qingguo Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Wen‐Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
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13
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Li J, Martin C, Fernie A. Biofortification's contribution to mitigating micronutrient deficiencies. Nat Food 2024; 5:19-27. [PMID: 38168782 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-023-00905-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Biofortification was first proposed in the early 1990s as a low-cost, sustainable strategy to enhance the mineral and vitamin contents of staple food crops to address micronutrient malnutrition. Since then, the concept and remit of biofortification has burgeoned beyond staples and solutions for low- and middle-income economies. Here we discuss what biofortification has achieved in its original manifestation and the main factors limiting the ability of biofortified crops to improve micronutrient status. We highlight the case for biofortified crops with key micronutrients, such as provitamin D3/vitamin D3, vitamin B12 and iron, for recognition of new demographics of need. Finally, we examine where and how biofortification can be integrated into the global food system to help overcome hidden hunger, improve nutrition and achieve sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Metabolism, John Innes Centre, Norwich, UK
| | - Cathie Martin
- Department of Biochemistry and Metabolism, John Innes Centre, Norwich, UK.
| | - Alisdair Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam, Germany
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14
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Czarnek K, Tatarczak-Michalewska M, Szopa A, Klimek-Szczykutowicz M, Jafernik K, Majerek D, Blicharska E. Bioaccumulation Capacity of Onion ( Allium cepa L.) Tested with Heavy Metals in Biofortification. Molecules 2023; 29:101. [PMID: 38202684 PMCID: PMC10780257 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
On a worldwide scale, A. cepa is among the most commonly consumed vegetables. In Europe, the leading onion producers are Russia, the Netherlands, Spain, Poland and Germany. In this study, the bioaccumulation of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni, Fe, Mn, Co, Sr, Cd and Pb) by Allium cepa L. plants was followed under hydroponic conditions. The heavy metals were applied at six concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg L-1) over three weeks. The quantitative analysis of selected heavy metals in plant tissues (bulbs, roots and assimilation leaves) was performed using atomic absorption spectrometry with flame atomization (F-AAS). The accumulation of metal ions was strongly dependent on their concentrations in the solution and the analyzed parts of plants. The highest accumulation of metal ions was confirmed for the roots and ranged from 8.48 to 5912.34 µg g-1 DW (dry weight). All parts of A. cepa were characterized by the high accumulation of Mn2+. The lowest accumulation was confirmed for Co2+ in the roots, Pb2+ in the assimilation leaves and Cu2+ in the bulbs of onion. Moreover, the study showed that the highest concentrations of heavy metals decreased the growth of bulbs and even caused them to die off. In contrast, lower concentrations of some elements stimulated plant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Czarnek
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medical, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1 H Str., 20-708 Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Tatarczak-Michalewska
- Department of Pathobiochemistry and Interdisciplinary Applications of Ion Chromatography, Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Szopa
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 Str., 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (A.S.); (K.J.)
| | - Marta Klimek-Szczykutowicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, IX Wieków Kielc 19a, 25-516 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Karolina Jafernik
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 Str., 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (A.S.); (K.J.)
| | - Dariusz Majerek
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Information Technology, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 38 Str., 20-618 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Eliza Blicharska
- Department of Pathobiochemistry and Interdisciplinary Applications of Ion Chromatography, Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
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15
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Deng C, Protter CR, Wang Y, Borgatta J, Zhou J, Wang P, Goyal V, Brown HJ, Rodriguez-Otero K, Dimkpa CO, Hernandez R, Hamers RJ, White JC, Elmer WH. Nanoscale CuO charge and morphology control Fusarium suppression and nutrient biofortification in field-grown tomato and watermelon. Sci Total Environ 2023; 905:167799. [PMID: 37838047 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Limited data exist on how surface charge and morphology impact the effectiveness of nanoscale copper oxide (CuO) as an agricultural amendment under field conditions. This study investigated the impact of these factors on tomatoes and watermelons following foliar treatment with CuO nanosheets (NS-) or nanospikes (NP+ and NP-) exhibiting positive or negative surface charge. Results showed plant species-dependent benefits. Notably, tomatoes infected with Fusarium oxysporum had significantly reduced disease progression when treated with NS-. Watermelons benefited similarly from NP+. Although disease suppression was significant and trends indicated increased yield, the yield effects weren't statistically significant. However, several nanoscale treatments significantly enhanced the fruit's nutritional value, and this nano-enabled biofortification was a function of particle charge and morphology. Negatively charged nanospikes significantly increased the Fe content of healthy watermelon and tomato (20-28 %) and Ca in healthy tomato (66 %), compared to their positively charged counterpart. Negatively charged nanospikes also outperformed negatively charged nanosheets, leading to significant increases in the content of S and Mg in infected watermelon (37-38 %), Fe in healthy watermelon (58 %), and Ca (42 %) in healthy tomato. These findings highlight the potential of tuning nanoscale CuO chemistry for disease suppression and enhanced food quality under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyi Deng
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, United States; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States; Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
| | - Connor R Protter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, United States
| | - Jaya Borgatta
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, United States
| | - Jingyi Zhou
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, United States
| | - Peiying Wang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, United States
| | - Vinod Goyal
- Department of Botany & Plant Physiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India
| | - Hannah J Brown
- Agronomy Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, United States
| | | | - Christian O Dimkpa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, United States
| | - Rigoberto Hernandez
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
| | - Robert J Hamers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Jason C White
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, United States.
| | - Wade H Elmer
- Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, United States
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16
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Labuschagne M. Biofortification to improve food security. Emerg Top Life Sci 2023; 7:219-227. [PMID: 37962270 DOI: 10.1042/etls20230066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Crop biofortification has significantly progressed in the last few decades. The first biofortification success was quality protein maize, leading to double the amount of the essential amino acids lysine and tryptophan. This was followed by biofortification of staple crops such as maize, wheat, rice, legumes and cassava for nutrients such as Fe and Zn and provitamin A. These crops have reached millions of households, especially in the developing regions of the world. The development and release of these biofortified crops through conventional breeding generally took 8-10 years. To speed up the process, molecular markers, genome-wide association studies and genomic selection have been incorporated into breeding efforts. Genetic engineering has the potential to increase the efficiency of crop biofortification through multi-nutrient biofortification in a short timespan and to combine biofortification with climate resilience. Regulatory issues still prevent the dissemination of genetically modified crops in many countries. This could be overcome by CRISPR-Cas-mediated genome editing, as it seems that many countries will regulate products of genome editing less strictly than transgenic crops. Effective policies on national or regional level are needed for the sustainable production of biofortified crops. The availability of affordable quality biofortified seed and other inputs should be ensured through local seed systems, which will increase the production and adoption of biofortified crops. There is scope to expand the crops and the range of nutrients for biofortification. Genetic engineering should be combined with conventional breeding as a approach for future improvement of multi-nutrient crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryke Labuschagne
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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17
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Yan P, Du Q, Chen H, Guo Z, Wang Z, Tang J, Li WX. Biofortification of iron content by regulating a NAC transcription factor in maize. Science 2023; 382:1159-1165. [PMID: 38060668 DOI: 10.1126/science.adf3256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) deficiency remains widespread among people in developing countries. To help solve this problem, breeders have been attempting to develop maize cultivars with high yields and high Fe concentrations in the kernels. We conducted a genome-wide association study and identified a gene, ZmNAC78 (NAM/ATAF/CUC DOMAIN TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 78), that regulates Fe concentrations in maize kernels. We cultivated maize varieties with both high yield and high Fe concentrations in their kernels by using a molecular marker developed from a 42-base pair insertion or deletion (indel) in the promoter of ZmNAC78. ZmNAC78 expression is enriched in the basal endosperm transfer layer of kernels, and the ZmNAC78 protein directly regulates messenger RNA abundance of Fe transporters. Our results thus provide an approach to develop maize varieties with Fe-enriched kernels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengshuai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Qingguo Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Huan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zifeng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhonghua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jihua Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Wen-Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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18
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Puccinelli M, Rosellini I, Malorgio F, Pardossi A, Pezzarossa B. Iodine biofortification of Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris var. cicla) and its wild ancestor sea beet (Beta vulgaris ssp. maritima) grown hydroponically as baby leaves: effects on leaf production and quality. J Sci Food Agric 2023; 103:7888-7895. [PMID: 37483122 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND About 35-45% of the global population is affected by iodine deficiency. Iodine intake can be increased through the consumption of biofortified vegetables. Given the increasing interest in wild edible species of new leafy vegetables due to their high nutritional content, this study aimed to evaluate the suitability of Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris var. cicla) and its wild ancestor sea beet (Beta vulgaris ssp. maritima) to be fortified with iodine. Plants were cultivated hydroponically in a nutrient solution enriched with four different concentrations of iodine (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg L-1 ), and the production and quality of baby leaves were determined. RESULTS Sea beet accumulated more iodine than Swiss chard. In both subspecies, increasing the iodine concentration in the nutrient solution improved leaf quality as a result of greater antioxidant capacity - the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) index increased by 17% and 28%, at 0.5 and 1.5 mg L-1 iodine, respectively - the content of flavonoids (+31 and + 26%, at 1 and 1.5 mg L-1 of iodine, respectively), and the lower content of nitrate (-38% at 1.5 mg L-1 of iodine) and oxalate (-36% at 0.5 mg L-1 of iodine). In sea beet, however, iodine levels in the nutrient solution higher than 0.5 mg L-1 reduced crop yield significantly. CONCLUSIONS Both subspecies were found to be suitable for producing iodine-enriched baby leaves. The optimal iodine levels in the nutrient solution were 1.0 in Swiss chard and 0.5 mg L-1 in sea beet, as crop yield was not affected at these concentrations and leaves contained enough iodine to satisfy an adequate daily intake with a serving of 100 g. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Puccinelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Irene Rosellini
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council, via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Fernando Malorgio
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Alberto Pardossi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Beatrice Pezzarossa
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council, via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, 56124, Italy
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19
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Joshi G, Soe YP, Palanog A, Hore TK, Nha CT, Calayugan MI, Inabangan-Asilo MA, Amparado A, Pandey ID, Cruz PCS, Hernandez JE, Swamy BPM. Meta-QTL s and haplotypes for efficient zinc biofortification of rice. Plant Genome 2023; 16:e20315. [PMID: 36896580 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Biofortification of rice with improved grain zinc (Zn) content is the most sustainable and cost-effective approach to address Zn malnutrition in Asia. Genomics-assisted breeding using precise and consistent Zn quantitative trait loci (QTLs), genes, and haplotypes can fast-track the development of Zn biofortified rice varieties. We conducted the meta-analysis of 155 Zn QTLs reported from 26 different studies. Results revealed 57 meta-QTLs with a significant reduction of 63.2% and 80% in the number and confidence interval of the Zn QTLs, respectively. Meta-quantitative trait loci (MQTLs) regions were found to be enriched with diverse metal homeostasis genes; at least 11 MQTLs were colocated with 20 known major genes involved in the production of root exudates, metal uptake, transport, partitioning, and loading into grains in rice. These genes were differentially expressed in vegetative and reproductive tissues, and a complex web of interactions were observed among them. We identified superior haplotypes and their combinations for nine candidate genes (CGs), and the frequency and allelic effects of superior haplotypes varied in different subgroups. The precise MQTLs with high phenotypic variance, CGs, and superior haplotypes identified in our study are useful for an efficient Zn biofortification of rice and to ensure Zn as an essential component of all the future rice varieties through mainstreaming of Zn breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Joshi
- Rice Genetic Design and Validation Unit, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
- Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | | | - Tapas Kumer Hore
- Rice Genetic Design and Validation Unit, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Chau Thanh Nha
- Philippines Rice Research Institute, Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
| | | | - Mary Ann Inabangan-Asilo
- Rice Genetic Design and Validation Unit, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Amery Amparado
- Rice Genetic Design and Validation Unit, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Indra Deo Pandey
- Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | | | - B P Mallikarjuna Swamy
- Rice Genetic Design and Validation Unit, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
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Gupta BB, Mishra SK, Banoth SK, Baliyan S, Chauhan H. Iron and zinc biofortification of rice by synergistic expression of OsNAS2 gene with monocot (Pennisetum glaucum) and dicot (Phaseolus vulgaris) ferritins. Plant Physiol Biochem 2023; 205:108195. [PMID: 37995580 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Iron and zinc deficiencies are the most prevalent cause of global hidden hunger. Rice, being one of the most consumed crops worldwide, is suitable to target for Fe and Zn biofortification. In present study, we generated rice transgenic lines to meet the recommended dietary requirement of iron and zinc through endosperm specific expression of dicot (kidney bean) and monocot (pearl millet) Ferritins along with constitutive expression of rice nicotianamine synthase 2 (OsNAS2) gene. Visualization through perls' prussian staining and quantification by ICP-MS showed significant improvement in grain iron content in all the transgenic lines. The transgenic lines expressing any of the three selected gene combinations (PvFerrtin-OsNAS2, feedPgFerrtin-OsNAS2 and foodPgFerritin-OsNAS2), showed the potential to surpass the 30% of the estimated average requirement (13 μg/g Fe and 28 μg/g Zn) proposed for rice in HarvestPlus breeding program. Though the expression of PvFerritin along with OsNAS2 gene in IET10364 (indica) variety showed the best result, providing up to 4.2- and 3.5-fold increase in iron (30.56 μg/g) and zinc (60.1 μg/g) content, respectively; in polished grains compared to non-transgenic control. Thus, the lines developed in our study can be used for further breeding purpose to enhance the iron and zinc content in commercial rice varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bidya Bhushan Gupta
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India
| | - Sumit Kumar Mishra
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India
| | - Sampath Kumar Banoth
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India
| | - Suchi Baliyan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India
| | - Harsh Chauhan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India.
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21
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Yu H, Miao P, Li D, Wu Y, Zhou C, Pan C. Improving red pitaya fruit quality by nano-selenium biofortification to enhance phenylpropanoid and betalain biosynthesis. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 267:115653. [PMID: 37948939 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Red pitaya, the representative tropical and subtropical fruit, is vulnerable to quality deterioration due to climate or agronomic measures. Nano-selenium (Nano-Se) has shown positive effects on crop biofortification in favour of reversing this situation. In this study, Se could be enriched efficiently in red pitayas via root and foliar application by Nano-Se, which induced higher phenolic acids (16.9-94.2%), total phenols (15.7%), total flavonoids (29.5%) and betacyanins (34.1%) accumulation in flesh. Richer antioxidative features including activities of SOD (25.2%), CAT (33.8%), POD (77.2%), and levels of AsA (25.7%) and DPPH (14.7%) were obtained in Nano-Se-treated pitayas as well as in their 4-8 days shelf-life. The non-targeted metabolomics indicated a boost in amino acids, resulting in the stimulation of phenylpropanoid and betalain biosynthesis. In conclusion, the mechanism of Nano-Se biofortification for red pitaya might be fortifying pigment, as well as the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant substances formation by regulating primary and secondary metabolism facilitated by Se accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Peijuan Miao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yangliu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Chunran Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Canping Pan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Haikou 570311, China.
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Dulf FV, Vodnar DC, Dulf EH. Solid-state fermentation with Zygomycetes fungi as a tool for biofortification of apple pomace with γ-linolenic acid, carotenoid pigments and phenolic antioxidants. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113448. [PMID: 37803774 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
In the last few years, there has been a growing interest in the more efficient utilization of agricultural and food by-products. Apples are among the most processed fruits in the world that generate huge quantities of processing waste biomasses. Therefore, the objective of this study was to improve the nutritional value of apple pomaces with γ-linolenic acid (GLA) and carotenoid pigments by solid-state fermentation (SSF) using two Zygomycetes fungi (Actinomucor elegans and Umbelopsis isabellina). The impact of fermentation periods on the polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity of the bioprocessed apple pomace was also investigated. The accumulated lipids were composed primarily of neutral fractions (mostly triacylglycerols). SSF with U. isabellina yielded a 12.72% higher GLA content than with A. elegans (3.85 g GLA/kg DW of pomace). Contrary to the lipogenic capacity, A. elegans showed higher carotenoids and phenolic antioxidants productivity than U. isabellina. The maximum concentrations for β-carotene (433.11 μg/g DW of pomace-SSF with A. elegans and 237.68 μg/g DW of pomace-SSF with U. isabellina), lutein (374.48 μg/g DW- A. elegans and 179.04 μg/g DW- U. isabellina) and zeaxanthin (247.35 μg/g DW- A. elegans and 120.41 μg/g DW- U. isabellina) were registered on the 12th day of SSFs. In the case of SSF with A. elegans, the amount of total phenolics increased significantly (27%) by day 4 from the initial value (2670.38 μg of gallic acid equivalents/g DW) before slowly decreasing for the remaining period of the fungal growth. The experimental findings showed that a prolonged fermentation (between 8 and 12 days) should be applied to obtain value-added apple pomaces (rich in GLA and carotenoids) with potential pharmaceutical and functional food applications. Moreover, the SSF processes of simultaneous bioaccumulation of valuable fatty acids, carotenoids and phenolic antioxidants proposed in the present study may open up new challenges for biotechnological production of industrially important biomolecules using abundant and unexploited apple pomaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisc Vasile Dulf
- Department of Environmental and Plant Protection, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Dan Cristian Vodnar
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Eva-Henrietta Dulf
- Department of Environmental and Plant Protection, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Department of Automation, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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23
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Huey SL, Konieczynski EM, Mehta NH, Krisher JT, Bhargava A, Friesen VM, Mbuya MNN, Monterrosa EC, Nyangaresi AM, Mehta S. A systematic review of the impacts of post-harvest handling on provitamin A, iron and zinc retention in seven biofortified crops. Nat Food 2023; 4:978-985. [PMID: 37945785 PMCID: PMC10661739 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-023-00874-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Post-harvest handling can affect micronutrient retention in biofortified crops through to the point of consumption. Here we conduct a systematic review identifying 67 articles examining the retention of micronutrients in conventionally bred biofortified maize, orange sweet potato, cassava, pearl millet, rice, beans and wheat. Provitamin A crops maintain high amounts compared with non-biofortified counterparts. Iron and zinc crops have more variability in micronutrient retention dependent on processing method; for maximum iron and zinc content, whole grain product consumption such as whole wheat flour or only slightly milled brown rice is beneficial. We offer preliminary suggestions for households, regulatory bodies and programme implementers to increase consumer awareness on best practices for preparing crops to maximize micronutrient content, while highlighting gaps in the literature. Our online, interactive Micronutrient Retention Dashboard ( https://www.cpnh.cornell.edu/mn-retention-db ) offers an at-a-glance view of the compiled minimum and maximum retention found, organized by processing method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L Huey
- Center for Precision Nutrition and Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Program in International Nutrition, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Elsa M Konieczynski
- Center for Precision Nutrition and Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Neel H Mehta
- Center for Precision Nutrition and Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Jesse T Krisher
- Center for Precision Nutrition and Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Arini Bhargava
- Center for Precision Nutrition and Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Saurabh Mehta
- Center for Precision Nutrition and Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
- Program in International Nutrition, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
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24
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Đulović A, Usanović K, Kukoč Modun L, Blažević I. Selenium Biofortification Effect on Glucosinolate Content of Brassica oleracea var. italic and Eruca vesicaria. Molecules 2023; 28:7203. [PMID: 37894683 PMCID: PMC10609431 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucosinolates (GSLs) in different plant parts of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italic) and rocket (Eruca vesicaria) were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively before and after treatment with sodium selenate (2 and 5 mM), by their desulfo-counterparts using the UHPLC-DAD-MS/MS technique. Twelve GSLs were detected in broccoli (five aliphatic, one arylaliphatic, and six indolic), where 4-(methylsulfanyl)butyl GSL (glucoerucin) was the main one in the roots (4.88-9.89 µmol/g DW), 4-(methylsulfinyl)butyl GSL (glucoraphanin) in stems (0.44-1.11 µmol/g DW), and 4-hydroxyindol-3-ylmethyl GSL (4-hydroxyglucobrassicin) in leaves (0.51-0.60 µmol/g DW). No GSL containing selenium was detected in the treated broccoli. Ten GSLs were detected in rocket (seven aliphatic and three indolic), where 4-(methylsulfanyl)butyl GSL (glucoerucin) was the main one in the roots (4.50-20.59 µmol/g DW) and 4-methoxyindol-3-ylmethyl GSL (4-methoxyglucobrassicin) in the aerial part (0.57-5.69 µmol/g DW). As a result of induced stress by selenium fertilization, the total GSL content generally increased in both plants. In contrast to broccoli, the roots and the aerial part of the rocket treated with a high concentration of sodium selenate contained 4-(methylseleno)butyl GSL (glucoselenoerucin) (0.36-4.48 µmol/g DW). Although methionine-derived GSLs are the most abundant in both plants, the plants' ability to tolerate selenate and its regulation by selenoglucosinolate production is species- and growth-stage-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azra Đulović
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.Đ.); (K.U.)
| | - Katarina Usanović
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.Đ.); (K.U.)
| | - Lea Kukoč Modun
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Ivica Blažević
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.Đ.); (K.U.)
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25
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Mejia Diaz LF, Karasinski J, Wrobel K, Corrales Escobosa AR, Yanez Barrientos E, Halicz L, Bulska E, Wrobel K. Fractionation of selenium isotopes during biofortification of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the influence of metabolic labeling with 15N. J Biol Inorg Chem 2023; 28:655-667. [PMID: 37646892 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-023-02016-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Isotope fractionation of metals/metalloids in biological systems is an emerging research area that demands the application of state-of-the-art analytical chemistry tools and provides data of relevance to life sciences. In this work, Se uptake and Se isotope fractionation were measured during the biofortification of baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)-a product widely used in dietary Se supplementation and in cancer prevention. On the other hand, metabolic labeling with 15N is a valuable tool in mass spectrometry-based comparative proteomics. For Se-yeast, such labeling would facilitate the assessment of Se impact on yeast proteome; however, the question arises whether the presence of 15N in the microorganisms affects Se uptake and its isotope fractionation. To address the above-mentioned aspects, extracellularly reduced and cell-incorporated Se fractions were analyzed by hydride generation-multi-collector inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (HG MC ICP-MS). It was found that extracellularly reduced Se was enriched in light isotopes; for cell-incorporated Se, the change was even more pronounced, which provides new evidence of mass fractionation during biological selenite reduction. In the presence of 15N, a weaker preference for light isotopes was observed in both, extracellular and cell-incorporated Se. Furthermore, a significant increase in Se uptake for 15N compared to 14N biomass was found, with good agreement between hydride generation microwave plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (HG MP-AES) and quadrupole ICP-MS results. Biological effects observed for heavy nitrogen suggest 15N-driven alteration at the proteome level, which facilitated Se access to cells with decreased preference for light isotopes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jakub Karasinski
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kazimierz Wrobel
- Chemistry Department, University of Guanajuato, L. de Retana 5, 36000, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | | | | | - Ludwik Halicz
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
- Geological Survey of Israel, Y. Leibovitz, 969200, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ewa Bulska
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Wrobel
- Chemistry Department, University of Guanajuato, L. de Retana 5, 36000, Guanajuato, Mexico.
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
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26
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Mishra P, Mishra J, Arora NK. Biofortification revisited: Addressing the role of beneficial soil microbes for enhancing trace elements concentration in staple crops. Microbiol Res 2023; 275:127442. [PMID: 37437425 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Trace element deficiency is a pervasive issue contributing to malnutrition on a global scale. The primary cause of this hidden hunger is related to low dietary intake of essential trace elements, which is highly prevalent in numerous regions across the world. To address deficiency diseases in humans, fortification of staple crops with vital trace elements has emerged as a viable solution. Current methods for fortifying crops encompass chemical amendments, genetic breeding, and transgenic approaches, yet these approaches possess certain limitations, constraining their agricultural application. In contrast, fortifying staple crops through the utilization of soil-beneficial microbes has emerged as a promising and economically feasible approach to enhance trace element content in crops. A specific subset of these beneficial soil microbes, referred to as plant growth-promoting microbes, have demonstrated their ability to influence the interactions between plants, soil, and minerals. These microbes facilitate the transport of essential soil minerals, such as zinc, iron, and selenium, into plants, offering the potential for the development of tailored bioinoculants that can enhance the nutritional quality of cereals, pulses, and vegetable crops. Nevertheless, further research efforts are necessary to comprehensively understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the uptake, transport, and augmentation of trace element concentrations in staple crops. By delving deeper into these mechanisms, customized bioinoculants of soil-beneficial microbes can be developed to serve as highly effective strategies in combating trace element deficiency and promoting global nutritional well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Mishra
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Jitendra Mishra
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Naveen Kumar Arora
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow 226025, India.
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27
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Shiriaev A, Brizzolara S, Sorce C, Meoni G, Vergata C, Martinelli F, Maza E, Djari A, Pirrello J, Pezzarossa B, Malorgio F, Tonutti P. Selenium Biofortification Impacts the Tomato Fruit Metabolome and Transcriptional Profile at Ripening. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:13554-13565. [PMID: 37638888 PMCID: PMC10510400 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, the effects of enriching tomatoes with selenium were studied in terms of physiological, metabolic, and molecular processes in the last stages of fruit development, particularly during ripening. A selenium concentration of 10 mg L-1 with sodium selenate and selenium nanoparticles was used in the spray treatments on the whole plants. No significant effects of selenium enrichment were detected in terms of ethylene production or color changes in the ripening fruit. However, selenium enrichment had an influence on both the primary and secondary metabolic processes and thus the biochemical composition of ripe tomatoes. Selenium decreased the amount of β-carotene, increased the accumulation of naringenin and chlorogenic acid, and decreased the coumaric acid level. Selenium also affected the volatile organic compound profile, with changes in the level of specific apocarotenoid compounds, such as β-ionone. These metabolomic changes may, to some extent, be due to the impact of selenium treatment on the transcription of genes involved in the metabolism of these compounds. RNA-seq analysis showed that the selenium application mostly impacted the expression of the genes involved in hormonal signaling, secondary metabolism, flavonoid biosynthesis, and glycosaminoglycan degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Shiriaev
- Crop
Science Research Center, Sant’Anna
School of Advanced Studies, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Research
Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Brizzolara
- Crop
Science Research Center, Sant’Anna
School of Advanced Studies, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Carlo Sorce
- Department
of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Gaia Meoni
- Magnetic
Resonance Center (CERM) and Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Chiara Vergata
- Department
of Biology, University of Florence, 50122 Florence, Italy
| | | | - Elie Maza
- Laboratoire
de Recherche en Sciences Végétales-Génomique
et Biotechnologie des Fruits − UMR 5546, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse-INP, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Anis Djari
- Laboratoire
de Recherche en Sciences Végétales-Génomique
et Biotechnologie des Fruits − UMR 5546, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse-INP, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Julien Pirrello
- Laboratoire
de Recherche en Sciences Végétales-Génomique
et Biotechnologie des Fruits − UMR 5546, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse-INP, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Fernando Malorgio
- Department
of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University
of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Pietro Tonutti
- Crop
Science Research Center, Sant’Anna
School of Advanced Studies, 56127 Pisa, Italy
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28
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Rodríguez-Suárez C, Requena-Ramírez MD, Hornero-Méndez D, Atienza SG. Towards carotenoid biofortification in wheat: identification of XAT-7A1, a multicopy tandem gene responsible for carotenoid esterification in durum wheat. BMC Plant Biol 2023; 23:412. [PMID: 37674126 PMCID: PMC10481513 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04431-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Yellow pigment content, mainly due to the accumulation of carotenoids, is a quality trait in durum wheat grain as it confers the bright yellow color to pasta preferred by consumers. Also, carotenoids are essential nutrients exerting important biological functions in human health. Consequently, biofortification strategies have been developed in many crops to increase carotenoid content. In this context, carotenoid esterification is emerging as a new breeding target for wheat biofortification, as carotenoid esters have been found to promote both carotenoid accumulation and stability. Until recently, no carotenoid esters have been identified in significant proportions in durum wheat grains, and interspecific breeding programs have been started to transfer esterification ability from common wheat and Hordeum chilense.In this work, XAT-7A1 is identified as the gene responsible for carotenoid esterification in durum wheat. Sequencing, copy number variation and mapping results show that XAT-7A1 is organized as tandem or proximal GDSL esterase/lipase copies in chromosome 7A. Three XAT-7A1 haplotypes are described: Type 1 copies, associated with high levels of carotenoid esters (diesters and monoesters) production and high expression in grain development; Type 2 copies, present in landraces with low levels of carotenoid esters (monoesters) or no esters; and Type 3 copies, without the signal peptide, resulting in zero-ester phenotypes.The identification of XAT-7A1 is a necessary step to make the carotenoid esterification ability available for durum and bread wheat breeding, which should be focused on the Type 1 XAT-7A1 haplotype, which may be assessed as a single gene since XAT-7A1 copies are inherited together.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Rodríguez-Suárez
- Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, CSIC, Avda, Menéndez Pidal s/n, E-14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - M D Requena-Ramírez
- Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, CSIC, Avda, Menéndez Pidal s/n, E-14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - D Hornero-Méndez
- Department of Food Phytochemistry, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC. Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46. Ctra. de Utrera, Km 1, E-41013, Sevilla, Spain
| | - S G Atienza
- Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, CSIC, Avda, Menéndez Pidal s/n, E-14004, Córdoba, Spain.
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29
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Gomes Soares M, Bevilaqua GC, Marcondes Tassi ÉM, Reolon Schmidt VC. Fermented foods and beverages: a potential in situ vitamin B12 biofortification - a literature review. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2023; 74:655-667. [PMID: 37612883 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2023.2248422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Millions of dollars have been increasingly spent on plant-based diets. Considering that vitamin B12 is obtained from the consumption of animal-derived foods, new sources of vitamin B12 and methods of food fortification are being eagerly sought. Therefore, this work aims to evaluate advances in situ fermentation processes of food and beverages produced on a large scale and industrial applications for obtaining cobalamin-rich products. Bibliometric analysis was performed and revealed that several studies report a great capacity for in situ biofortification of B12 in foods, mostly on the use of propionic (PB) and lactic (LAB) bacteria. In this context, market potentials for such products, the main microorganisms, including simultaneous cultures, and their respective applications have been presented herein. Although knowledge on potential applications is still limited, field research has been increasingly conducted, thus revealing scientific and technological opportunities, both for the production and the stability of B12 found in plant-based foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Gomes Soares
- Department of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
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30
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Konda AR, Gelli M, Pedersen C, Cahoon RE, Zhang C, Obata T, Cahoon EB. Vitamin E biofortification: Maximizing oilseed tocotrienol and total vitamin E tocochromanol production by use of metabolic bypass combinations. Metab Eng 2023; 79:66-77. [PMID: 37429412 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2023.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin E tocochromanols are generated in plants by prenylation of homogentisate using geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGDP) for tocotrienol biosynthesis and phytyl diphosphate (PDP) for tocopherol biosynthesis. Homogentisate geranylgeranyl transferase (HGGT), which uses GGDP for prenylation, is a proven target for oilseed tocochromanol biofortification that effectively bypasses the chlorophyll-linked pathway that limits PDP for vitamin E biosynthesis. In this report, we explored the feasibility of maximizing tocochromanol production in the oilseed crop camelina (Camelina sativa) by combining seed-specific HGGT expression with increased biosynthesis and/or reduced homogentisate catabolism. Plastid-targeted Escherichia coli TyrA-encoded chorismate mutase/prephenate dehydrogenase and Arabidopsis hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) cDNA were co-expressed in seeds to bypass feedback-regulated steps and increase flux into homogentisate biosynthesis. Homogentisate catabolism was also suppressed by seed-specific RNAi of the gene for homogentisate oxygenase (HGO), which initiates homogentisate degradation. In the absence of HGGT expression, tocochromanols were increased by ∼2.5-fold with HPPD/TyrA co-expression, and ∼1.4-fold with HGO suppression compared to levels in non-transformed seeds. No further increase in tocochromanols was observed in HPPD/TyrA lines with the addition of HGO RNAi. HGGT expression alone increased tocochromanol concentrations in seeds by ∼four-fold to ≤1400 μg/g seed weight. When combined with HPPD/TyrA co-expression, we obtained an additional three-fold increase in tocochromanol concentrations indicating that homogentisate concentrations limit HGGT's capacity for maximal tocochromanol production. The addition of HGO RNAi further increased tocochromanol concentrations to 5000 μg/g seed weight, an unprecedented tocochromanol concentration in an engineered oilseed. Metabolomic data obtained from engineered seeds provide insights into phenotypic changes associated with "extreme" tocochromanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anji Reddy Konda
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA; USA
| | - Malleswari Gelli
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Connor Pedersen
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA; USA
| | - Rebecca E Cahoon
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA; USA
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Toshihiro Obata
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA; USA
| | - Edgar B Cahoon
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA; USA.
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31
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Birol E, Foley J, Herrington C, Misra R, Mudyahoto B, Pfeiffer W, Diressie MT, Ilona P. Transforming Nigerian Food Systems Through Their Backbones: Lessons From a Decade of Staple Crop Biofortification Programing. Food Nutr Bull 2023; 44:S14-S26. [PMID: 36016479 DOI: 10.1177/03795721221117361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This article presents the evolution of the biofortification program in Nigeria over the last decade and the role of interdisciplinary research in informing cost-effective, efficient, and inclusive development; implementation; and scaling of this program. Launched in 2011 to improve Nigeria's food systems to deliver accessible and affordable nutrients through commonly consumed staples, the Nigeria biofortification program was implemented through an effective partnership between the CGIAR and public, private, and civil society sectors at federal, state, and local levels. By the end of 2021, several biofortified varieties of Nigeria's 2 main staples, namely cassava and maize, were officially released for production by smallholders, with several biofortified varieties of other key staples (including pearl millet, rice, and sorghum) either under testing or in the release pipeline. In 2021, the program was estimated to benefit 13 million Nigerians consuming biofortified cassava and maize varieties. The evidence on the nutritional impact, consumer and farmer acceptance, and cost-effective scalability of biofortified crops documented by the program resulted in the integration of biofortified crops in several key national public policies and social protection programs; private seed and food company products/investments, as well as in humanitarian aid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekin Birol
- Georgetown University, Walsh School of Foreign Service, Global Human Development, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jennifer Foley
- HarvestPlus, c/o International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington, DC, USA
| | - Caitlin Herrington
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Resource Economics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Rewa Misra
- HarvestPlus, c/o International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington, DC, USA
| | - Bho Mudyahoto
- HarvestPlus, c/o International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington, DC, USA
| | - Wolfgang Pfeiffer
- HarvestPlus, c/o International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington, DC, USA
| | - Michael Tedla Diressie
- HarvestPlus, c/o International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington, DC, USA
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Bachewe F, Genye T, Girma M, Samuel A, Warner J, van Zyl C. Biofortification in Ethiopia: Opportunities and Challenges. Food Nutr Bull 2023; 44:151-161. [PMID: 37496282 DOI: 10.1177/03795721231188913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children younger than 5 years and women of reproductive age often suffer from micronutrient deficiencies. Biofortification, which involves enriching staple crops with micronutrients, is a nutritional intervention focused on addressing micronutrient deficiencies. It is equitable, sustainable, and costs less than other nutritional interventions. OBJECTIVE This study investigates biofortification in Ethiopia, considering 6 globally biofortified crops, 5 of which are currently being biofortified in Ethiopia. However, only 2 of these crops are important in the consumption baskets of most Ethiopians. Therefore, efforts to mainstream biofortification should begin with studies to identify crops that have larger impacts in reducing local micronutrient deficiencies and their cost-effectiveness. METHODS Literature was searched between July and December 2021 using Google Scholar to provide insights into the state of biofortification in Ethiopia. Key-informant interviews were conducted to gain insights into the state of biofortification in Ethiopia and to identify bottlenecks for scaling up the production and consumption of biofortified foods. Furthermore, Annual Agriculture Sample Survey and 2015/16 Ethiopian Household Consumption and Expenditure Survey data were used to describe the area under production of biofortifiable crops and their importance in total consumption, respectively. RESULTS Mainstreaming biofortification in Ethiopia faces several challenges. Policy documents appear to be inconsistent, regressive, and vague regarding biofortification. Critically, there is no specific institution to oversee and/or coordinate biofortification-related activities. CONCLUSION Overall, the success of biofortification depends upon a strong coordination body with clear mandates from detailed policies; adequate funding for research and development; and robust monitoring and evaluation of the identified production, adoption, and consumption issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fantu Bachewe
- International Food Policy Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tirsit Genye
- International Food Policy Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Meron Girma
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Aregash Samuel
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - James Warner
- International Food Policy Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Cornelia van Zyl
- International Food Policy Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Salaria S, Boatwright JL, Johnson N, Madurapperumage A, Joshi P, Thavarajah P, Vandemark G, Thavarajah D. Fatty acid composition and genome-wide associations of a chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) diversity panel for biofortification efforts. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14002. [PMID: 37635199 PMCID: PMC10460795 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41274-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chickpea is a nutritionally dense pulse crop with high levels of protein, carbohydrates, micronutrients and low levels of fats. Chickpea fatty acids are associated with a reduced risk of obesity, blood cholesterol, and cardiovascular diseases in humans. We measured four primary chickpea fatty acids; palmitic acid (PA), linoleic acid (LA), alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), and oleic acid (OA), which are crucial for human health and plant stress responses in a chickpea diversity panel with 256 accessions (Kabuli and desi types). A wide concentration range was found for PA (450.7-912.6 mg/100 g), LA (1605.7-3459.9 mg/100 g), ALA (416.4-864.5 mg/100 g), and OA (1035.5-1907.2 mg/100 g). The percent recommended daily allowances also varied for PA (3.3-6.8%), LA (21.4-46.1%), ALA (34.7-72%), and OA (4.3-7.9%). Weak correlations were found among fatty acids. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were conducted using genotyping-by-sequencing data. Five significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified for PA. Admixture population structure analysis revealed seven subpopulations based on ancestral diversity in this panel. This is the first reported study to characterize fatty acid profiles across a chickpea diversity panel and perform GWAS to detect associations between genetic markers and concentrations of selected fatty acids. These findings demonstrate biofortification of chickpea fatty acids is possible using conventional and genomic breeding techniques, to develop superior cultivars with better fatty acid profiles for improved human health and plant stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Salaria
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, 113 Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - J Lucas Boatwright
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, 113 Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
- Advanced Plant Technology, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Nathan Johnson
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, 113 Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Amod Madurapperumage
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, 113 Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Priyanka Joshi
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, 113 Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Pushparajah Thavarajah
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, 113 Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - George Vandemark
- Grain Legume Genetics and Physiology Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Washington State University, 303 Johnson Hall, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Dil Thavarajah
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, 113 Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA.
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Shafiq F, Ahmad A, Anwar S, Nisa MU, Iqbal M, Raza SH, Mahmood A, Ashraf M. Spinel nanocomposite (nMnZnFe 2O 4) synchronously promotes grain yield and Fe-Zn biofortification in non-aromatic rice. Plant Physiol Biochem 2023; 201:107830. [PMID: 37352697 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Soils deficient in essential micro-nutrients produce nutritionally starved crops that do not fulfill human nutritional requirements. This is getting serious since progressively increasing nutritional disorders are being diagnosed in residents of third-world countries like Pakistan. During this study, we synthesized a spinel nanocomposite (nMnZnFe2O4) and investigated its effectiveness in improving the micronutrient status and yield traits of rice. The nMnZnFe2O4 exhibited a cubic structure at the most prominent peak (311); a crystallite size of 44 nm, and an average grain size ranging from 7 to 9 μm. Foliar application of this nanocomposite was performed to 45 days old plants at concentrations 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mg L-1, and data from rice plant parts (straw, husk, and grain) was recorded at maturity. Agronomic traits like the number of tillers, straw dry weight, root dry biomass, and grain yield per plant were improved by nMnZnFe2O4 application (+34.4% yield). Whereas some biochemical traits like amino acids, soluble sugars, flavonoids, and phenolics varied significantly in rice plant parts compared to the control. Above all, the maximum Zn and Fe concentrations in rice grain were recorded through foliar application of spinel nanocomposite (40 and 50 mg L-1). Therefore, results indicated that micronutrient supply in the form of a nanocomposite could positively regulate nutritional quality and rice grain yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Shafiq
- Department of Botany, Government College University Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Aqsa Ahmad
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Anwar
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Department of Biosciences, University of Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Mehr-Un Nisa
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Syed Hammad Raza
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Arslan Mahmood
- Department of Physics, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
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Zhu Y, Zhang Q, Li Y, Pan Z, Liu C, Lin D, Gao J, Tang Z, Li Z, Wang R, Sun J. Role of Soil and Foliar-Applied Carbon Dots in Plant Iron Biofortification and Cadmium Mitigation by Triggering Opposite Iron Signaling in Roots. Small 2023; 19:e2301137. [PMID: 37119405 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In China, iron (Fe) availability is low in most soils but cadmium (Cd) generally exceeds regulatory soil pollution limits. Thus, biofortification of Fe along with mitigation of Cd in edible plant parts is important for human nutrition and health. Carbon dots (CDs) are considered as potential nanomaterials for agricultural applications. Here, Salvia miltiorrhiza-derived CDs are an efficient modulator of Fe, manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and Cd accumulation in plants. CDs irrigation (1 mg mL-1 , performed every week starting at the jointing stage for 12 weeks) increased Fe content by 18% but mitigated Cd accumulation by 20% in wheat grains. This finding was associated with the Fe3+ -mobilizing properties of CDs from the soil and root cell wall, as well as endocytosis-dependent internalization in roots. The resulting excess Fe signaling mitigated Cd uptake via inhibiting TaNRAMP5 expression. Foliar spraying of CDs enhanced Fe (44%), Mn (30%), and Zn (19%) content with an unchanged Cd accumulation in wheat grains. This result is attributed to CDs-enhanced light signaling, which triggered shoot-to-root Fe deficiency response. This study not only reveals the molecular mechanism underlying CDs modulation of Fe signaling in plants but also provides useful strategies for concurrent Fe biofortification and Cd mitigation in plant-based foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixia Zhu
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Agro-Environmental Pollution Remediation Research Center, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Yanjuan Li
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Zhiyuan Pan
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Dasong Lin
- Agro-Environmental Pollution Remediation Research Center, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Jia Gao
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Zhonghou Tang
- Department of Sweetpotato Physiology Cultivation, Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221122, China
| | - Zongyun Li
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Ruigang Wang
- Agro-Environmental Pollution Remediation Research Center, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
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Ledwożyw-Smoleń I, Pitala J, Smoleń S, Liszka-Skoczylas M, Kováčik P. Iodine Biofortification of Dandelion Plants (Taraxacum officinale F.H. Wiggers Coll.) with the Use of Inorganic and Organic Iodine Compounds. Molecules 2023; 28:5638. [PMID: 37570607 PMCID: PMC10419995 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Iodine is a crucial microelement necessary for the proper functioning of human and animal organisms. Plant biofortification has been proposed as a method of improving the iodine status of the population. Recent studies in that field have revealed that iodine may also act as a beneficial element for higher plants. The aim of the work was to evaluate the efficiency of the uptake and accumulation of iodine in the plants of dandelion grown in a pot experiment. During cultivation, iodine was applied through fertigation in inorganic (KI, KIO3) and organic forms (5-iodosalicylic acid, 5-ISA; 3,5-diiodosalicylic acid, 3,5-diISA) at two concentrations (10 and 50 µM). The contents of total iodine and iodosalicylic acids, as well the plant biomass and antioxidant capacity of dandelion leaves and roots, were analyzed. The uptake of inorganic and organic forms by dandelion plants was confirmed with no negative effect on plant growth. The highest efficiency of improving iodine content in dandelion leaves and roots was noted for 50 µM KI. The applicability of iodosalicylates, especially 5-ISA, for plant biofortification purposes was confirmed, particularly as the increase in the iodine content after the application of 5-ISA was higher as compared to that with commonly used KIO3. The chemical analyses have revealed that iodosalicylates are endogenous compounds of dandelion plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Ledwożyw-Smoleń
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Joanna Pitala
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Sylwester Smoleń
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Kraków, Poland;
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Marta Liszka-Skoczylas
- Department of Engineering and Machinery for Food Industry, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Peter Kováčik
- Department of Agrochemistry and Plant Nutrition, Institute of Agronomic Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia;
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Rizzo FA, Júnior JS, Scheibler RB, Fluck AC, de Vargas DP, Nörnberg JL, Fioreze VI, da Silva JLS, Costa OAD. Biofortification of cow milk through dietary supplementation with sunflower oil: fatty acid profile, atherogenicity, and thrombogenic index. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:269. [PMID: 37452970 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03670-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the effects of replacing the starchy ingredients of concentrate by increasing the levels of sunflower oil on the production, composition, fatty acid profile, and evaluate the atherogenicity and thrombogenic index of Jersey cow's milk. Eight Jersey cows were arranged in a double Latin square and distributed in treatments consisting of supplementation with increasing levels of sunflower oil replacing the corn grain and wheat bran of concentrate, including the following: T0 (control diet), without sunflower oil and with 38 g ether extract (EE)/kg dry matter (DM); T1 = 65 g EE/kg DM; T2 = 86 g EE/kg DM; and T3 = 110 g EE/kg DM. The daily milk production was measured, and the corrected milk production was calculated. Milk samples were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy to determine fat, protein, lactose, and total solids, whereas the lipid profile was assessed by gas chromatography. Milk production, energy-corrected milk production, fat content, daily fat production, lactose, and total solids were not affected by the treatments. Protein, lactose, and total solids concentrations decreased. Short-, medium-, and odd-chain fatty acids decreased with an increase in sunflower oil levels. Conversely, linear increases in long-chain, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations were observed. There were significant increases in stearic and elaidic acids and conjugated linoleic acid isomers, especially in vaccenic and rumenic acids. There was a positive effect on the milk atherogenicity, thrombogenicity, and nutraceutical indices. Dietary supplementation with sunflower oil changes the milk FA profile, decreases the atherogenicity and the thrombogenicity indices, and improve the nutraceutical index up to the addition of 86 g EE/kg DM de sunflower oil in the diets of Jersey cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Antunes Rizzo
- Universidade de Caxias do Sul - UCS, Campus Sede, R. Francisco Getúlio Vargas, 1130 - Petrópolis, Caxias do Sul, RS, 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Jorge Schafhauser Júnior
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) - Estação Experimental Terras Baixas, Campus Universitário, s/n, Capão do Leão, RS, 96010-971, Brazil
| | - Rudolf Brand Scheibler
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Av. Eliseu Maciel, s/n - Jd, América, Capão do Leão, RS, 96010-610, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Fluck
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Av. Eliseu Maciel, s/n - Jd, América, Capão do Leão, RS, 96010-610, Brazil.
| | - Diego Prado de Vargas
- Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul - Unisc. Avenida Independência, n.2293 - Universitário, Zip Code, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, 96815-900, Brazil
| | - José Laerte Nörnberg
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Avenida Roraima, n.1000 - Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Vitor Ionatan Fioreze
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Av. Eliseu Maciel, s/n - Jd, América, Capão do Leão, RS, 96010-610, Brazil
| | - Jamir Luís Silva da Silva
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) - Estação Experimental Terras Baixas, Campus Universitário, s/n, Capão do Leão, RS, 96010-971, Brazil
| | - Olmar Antônio Denardin Costa
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Av. Eliseu Maciel, s/n - Jd, América, Capão do Leão, RS, 96010-610, Brazil
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Bana RS, Faiz MA, Sangwan S, Choudhary AK, Bamboriya SD, Godara S, Nirmal RC. Triple-zero tillage and system intensification lead to enhanced productivity, micronutrient biofortification and moisture-stress tolerance ability in chickpea in a pearlmillet-chickpea cropping system of semi-arid climate. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10226. [PMID: 37353506 PMCID: PMC10290053 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36044-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Pearlmillet-chickpea cropping system (PCCS) is emerging as an important sequence in semi-arid regions of south-Asia owing to less water-requirement. However, chickpea (dry-season crop) faces comparatively acute soil moisture-deficit over pearlmillet (wet-season crop), limiting overall sustainability of PCCS. Hence, moisture-management (specifically in chickpea) and system intensification is highly essential for sustaining the PCCS in holistic manner. Since, conservation agriculture (CA) has emerged is an important climate-smart strategy to combat moisture-stress alongwith other production-vulnerabilities. Hence, current study comprised of three tillage systems in main-plots viz., Complete-CA with residue retention (CAc), Partial-CA without residue-retention (CAp), and Conventional-tillage (ConvTill) under three cropping systems in sub-plots viz., conventionally grown pearlmillet-chickpea cropping system (PCCS) alongwith two intensified systems i.e. pearlmillet-chickpea-fodder pearlmillet cropping system (PCFCS) and pearlmillet-chickpea-mungbean cropping system (PCMCS) in split-plot design. The investigation outcomes mainly focused on chickpea (dry-season crop) revealed that, on an average, there was a significant increase in chickpea grain yield under CAc to the tune of 27, 23.5 and 28.5% under PCCS, PCFCS and PCMCS, respectively over ConvTill. NPK uptake and micronutrient (Fe and Zn) biofortification in chickpea grains were again significantly higher under triple zero-tilled CAc plots with residue-retention; which was followed by triple zero-tilled CAp plots without residue-retention and the ConvTill plots. Likewise, CAc under PCMCS led to an increase in relative leaf water (RLW) content in chickpea by ~ 20.8% over ConvTill under PCCS, hence, ameliorating the moisture-stress effects. Interestingly, CA-management and system-intensification significantly enhanced the plant biochemical properties in chickpea viz., super-oxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and glutathione reductase; thus, indicating their prime role in inducing moisture-stress tolerance ability in moisture-starved chickpea. Triple zero-tilled CAc plots also reduced the N2O fluxes in chickpea but with slightly higher CO2 emissions, however, curtailed the net GHG-emissions. Triple zero-tilled cropping systems (PCFCS and PCMCS) both under CAc and Cap led to a significant improvement in soil microbial population and soil enzymes activities (alkaline phosphatase, fluorescein diacetate, dehydrogenase). Overall, the PCCS system-intensification with mungbean (PCMCS) alongwith triple zero-tillage with residue-retention (CAc) may amply enhance the productivity, micronutrient biofortification and moisture-stress tolerance ability in chickpea besides propelling the ecological benefits under semi-arid agro-ecologies. However, the farmers should preserve a balance while adopting CAc or CAp where livestock equally competes for quality fodder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Swaroop Bana
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Mukhtar Ahmad Faiz
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
- Afghanistan National Agricultural Sciences and Technology University (ANASTU), Kandahar, Afghanistan.
| | - Seema Sangwan
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Anil K Choudhary
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171001, India.
| | - Shanti D Bamboriya
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - Samarth Godara
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
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Czarnek K, Tatarczak-Michalewska M, Dreher P, Rajput VD, Wójcik G, Gierut-Kot A, Szopa A, Blicharska E. UV-C Seed Surface Sterilization and Fe, Zn, Mg, Cr Biofortification of Wheat Sprouts as an Effective Strategy of Bioelement Supplementation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10367. [PMID: 37373518 PMCID: PMC10298951 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metalloenzymes play an important role in the regulation of many biological functions. An effective way to prevent deficiencies of essential minerals in human diets is the biofortification of plant materials. The process of enriching crop sprouts under hydroponic conditions is the easiest and cheapest to conduct and control. In this study, the sprouts of the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties Arkadia and Tonacja underwent biofortification with Fe, Zn, Mg, and Cr solutions in hydroponic media at four concentrations (0, 50, 100, and 200 µg g-1) over four and seven days. Moreover, this study is the first to combine sprout biofortification with UV-C (λ = 254 nm) radiation treatment for seed surface sterilization. The results showed that UV-C radiation was effective in suppressing seed germination contamination by microorganisms. The seed germination energy was slightly affected by UV-C radiation but remained at a high level (79-95%). The influence of this non-chemical sterilization process on seeds was tested in an innovative manner using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and EXAKT thin-section cutting. The applied sterilization process reduced neither the growth and development of sprouts nor nutrient bioassimilation. In general, wheat sprouts easily accumulate Fe, Zn, Mg, and Cr during the applied growth period. A very strong correlation between the ion concentration in the media and microelement assimilation in the plant tissues (R2 > 0.9) was detected. The results of the quantitative ion assays performed with atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) using the flame atomization method were correlated with the morphological evaluation of sprouts in order to determine the optimum concentration of individual elements in the hydroponic solution. The best conditions were indicated for 7-day cultivation in 100 µg g-1 of solutions with Fe (218% and 322% better nutrient accumulation in comparison to the control condition) and Zn (19 and 29 times richer in zinc concentration compared to the sprouts without supplementation). The maximum plant product biofortification with magnesium did not exceed 40% in intensity compared to the control sample. The best-developed sprouts were grown in the solution with 50 µg g-1 of Cr. In contrast, the concentration of 200 µg g-1 was clearly toxic to the wheat sprouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Czarnek
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medical, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1 H Str., 20-708 Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Tatarczak-Michalewska
- Department of Pathobiochemistry and Interdisciplinary Applications of Ion Chromatography, Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Piotr Dreher
- Chair and Department of Public Health, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Vishnu D. Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia;
| | - Grzegorz Wójcik
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Anna Gierut-Kot
- Intermag sp. z o.o. R+D Department, Al. 1000-Lecia 15G, 32-300 Olkusz, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Szopa
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 Str., 30-688 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Eliza Blicharska
- Department of Pathobiochemistry and Interdisciplinary Applications of Ion Chromatography, Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
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Lin XY, Liang JH, Jiao DD, Chen JX, Wang N, Ma LQ, Zhou D, Li HB. Using Fe biofortification strategies to reduce both Ni concentration and oral bioavailability for rice with high Ni. J Hazard Mater 2023; 452:131367. [PMID: 37030226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Due to naturally high Ni or soil Ni contamination, high Ni concentrations are reported in rice, raising a need to reduce rice Ni exposure risk. Here, reduction in rice Ni concentration and Ni oral bioavailability with rice Fe biofortification and dietary Fe supplementation was assessed using rice cultivation and mouse bioassays. Results showed that for rice grown in a high geogenic Ni soil, increases in rice Fe concentration from ∼10.0 to ∼30.0 μg g-1 with foliar EDTA-FeNa application led to decreases in Ni concentration from ∼4.0 to ∼1.0 μg g-1 due to inhibited Ni transport from shoot to grains via down-regulated Fe transporters. When fed to mice, Fe-biofortified rice was significantly (p < 0.01) lower in Ni oral bioavailability (59.9 ± 11.9% vs. 77.8 ± 15.1%; 42.4 ± 9.81% vs. 70.4 ± 6.81%). Dietary amendment of exogenous Fe supplements to two Ni-contaminated rice samples at 10-40 μg Fe g-1 also significantly (p < 0.05) reduced Ni RBA from 91.7% to 61.0-69.5% and from 77.4% to 29.2-55.2% due to down-regulation of duodenal Fe transporter expression. Results suggest that the Fe-based strategies not only reduced rice Ni concentration but also lowered rice Ni oral bioavailability, playing dual roles in reducing rice-Ni exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ying Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jia-Hui Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Duo-Duo Jiao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Jun-Xiu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lena Q Ma
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Dongmei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hong-Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Tong M, Liu X, Guan J, Lin Y, Zhou A, Qiao K. Novel biofortification candidate: MTP1 increases microelement contents and decreases toxic heavy metal accumulation in grains. Chemosphere 2023; 318:137967. [PMID: 36731661 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Decreases in microelement contents and increases in toxic element levels seriously affect crop growth and human health. Thus, improving the elemental content of food crops is an important environmental issue for enhancing crop production and quality. Previous research showed that metal tolerance protein 1 (MTP1) is localized at the vacuole membrane, wherein it mediates the translocation of heavy metal ions. Therefore, LmMTP1 was isolated from annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum). Real-time quantitative PCR analyses revealed LmMTP1 expression increased significantly in the roots after Zn, Co, and Cd treatments. Confocal microscopy images indicated LmMTP1 was localized at the vacuole membrane. The expression of LmMTP1 in transgenic yeast and rice resulted in increased Zn, Co, and Cd tolerance. The examination of heavy metal contents detected increases in the Zn and Co contents, but decreases in the Cd contents, of yeast and rice. Moreover, the grains of LmMTP1-expressing transgenic rice had higher Zn/Co contents and lower Cd contents than wild-type rice grains. These results imply that LmMTP1 influences Zn, Co, and Cd tolerance and accumulation. Furthermore, LmMTP1 might be a novel biofortification-related candidate gene useful for improving the storage of essential elements and eliminating toxic heavy metals from crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Tong
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Xiang Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Jing Guan
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Lin
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Aimin Zhou
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Kun Qiao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
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Krishna TPA, Ceasar SA, Maharajan T. Biofortification of Crops to Fight Anemia: Role of Vacuolar Iron Transporters. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:3583-3598. [PMID: 36802625 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant-based foods provide all the crucial nutrients for human health. Among these, iron (Fe) is one of the essential micronutrients for plants and humans. A lack of Fe is a major limiting factor affecting crop quality, production, and human health. There are people who suffer from various health problems due to the low intake of Fe in their plant-based foods. Anemia has become a serious public health issue due to Fe deficiency. Enhancing Fe content in the edible part of food crops is a major thrust area for scientists worldwide. Recent progress in nutrient transporters has provided an opportunity to resolve Fe deficiency or nutritional problems in plants and humans. Understanding the structure, function, and regulation of Fe transporters is essential to address Fe deficiency in plants and to improve Fe content in staple food crops. In this review, we summarized the role of Fe transporter family members in the uptake, cellular and intercellular movement, and long-distance transport of Fe in plants. We draw insights into the role of vacuolar membrane transporters in the crop for Fe biofortification. We also provide structural and functional insights into cereal crops' vacuolar iron transporters (VITs). This review will help highlight the importance of VITs for improving the Fe biofortification of crops and alleviating Fe deficiency in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stanislaus Antony Ceasar
- Division of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Kochi 683104, Kerala, India
| | - Theivanayagam Maharajan
- Division of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Kochi 683104, Kerala, India
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Parashar R, Afzal S, Mishra M, Singh NK. Improving biofortification success rates and productivity through zinc nanocomposites in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:44223-44233. [PMID: 36689105 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25293-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple food crop; most of it is consumed in nations where malnutrition is a serious problem, and its enrichment through biofortification can be used to efficiently combat hidden hunger. Here, we studied the effect of two zinc forms, i.e., zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and sulfate salt (ZnSO4), at four different concentrations during the grain development period (after anthesis and continued once a week for up to 5 weeks) of the rice plant. During the rice growing season 2021-2022, all the experiments were conducted in a greenhouse (temperature: day 30 °C; night 20 °C; relative humidity: 70%; light period: 16 h/8 h, day/night). The main aim was to identify the effects of ZnO NPs on physical growth, biochemical parameters, nutrient acquisition, and crop yield. We have also highlighted the effects of NPs on zinc biofortification, and the end results illustrated that both zinc forms are capable of increasing grain yield. However, we found that even at low concentrations, ZnO NPs showed a significant increase in growth yield, whereas bulk did not show eminent results even at higher concentrations. Spikelet number per panicle was more than 50% and 38% in the case of ZnO NPs and ZnSO4, respectively. Similarly, stimulation in plant height was 25% with NPs treatment and only 3% with bulk treatment. The increase in grain per spike was 19% with ZnO NPs as compared to the control. Total chlorophyll, soluble sugar, amylose, and soluble protein contents were enhanced under ZnO NP treatment, which plays an excellent role in the regulation of various transcriptional pathways related to biofortification. We identified that foliar application at the flowering stage is more effective in comparison to the basal and tillering stages of the rice life cycle. ZnO NPs increased zinc content in rice grain by 55% as compared to traditional fertilization (~ 35%), with no adverse effects on human health. This study highlights that ZnO NPs could be used to increase zinc efficiency and as a safe fertilizer in the rice harvesting ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Parashar
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, India
| | - Shadma Afzal
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, India
| | - Monalisha Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, India
| | - Nand K Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, India.
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Faridullah F, Shabbir H, Iqbal A, Bacha AUR, Arifeen A, Bhatti ZA, Mujtaba G. Iodine supplementation through its biofortification in Brassica species depending on the type of soil. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:37208-37218. [PMID: 36571694 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24980-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Iodine is an essential microelement for humans and its deficiency leads to iodine deficiency disorder (IDD) which is a common problem faced by people in hilly areas. Biofortification of iodine is an option to overcome the IDD problem. Herein, we investigated the iodine uptake and accumulation in the edible portion of vegetables such as Brassica napus (BNP) and Brassica pekinensis (BPK) which were grown on two different soils such as sandy soil (SS) and silty loam soil (SLS) with different concentrations of iodine application (used in sodium iodide form) such as 0 ppm, 50 ppm, and 100 ppm. The concentration of iodine was determined by the oxidation of iodide, and nutrients were examined by double acid digestion. Different concentrations of iodine were noticed in silty loam and sandy soils, roots, and shoots of BNP and BPK, while the concentration follows the order: soils > roots > shoots. Iodine concentrations in the roots of BNP and BPK ranged from 46 to 223.7 μg/g which shows a strong correlation with other soil nutrients. Moreover, a large amount of iodine was lost due to the leaching. It is concluded that the biofortification of iodine increases its concentration in Brassica species. This work provides a reference for the iodine biofortification in plant species which will be helpful to control IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faridullah Faridullah
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan.
| | - Hina Shabbir
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Akhtar Iqbal
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Aziz-Ur-Rahim Bacha
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Awais Arifeen
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Zulfiqar Ahmad Bhatti
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Mujtaba
- Department of Electrical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
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Vasto S, Baldassano D, Sabatino L, Caldarella R, Di Rosa L, Baldassano S. The Role of Consumption of Molybdenum Biofortified Crops in Bone Homeostasis and Healthy Aging. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15041022. [PMID: 36839380 PMCID: PMC9960304 DOI: 10.3390/nu15041022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a chronic disease and public health issue in aging populations. Inadequate intake of micronutrients increases the risk of bone loss during an adult's lifespan and therefore of osteoporosis. The aim of the study was to analyze the effects of consumption of biofortified crops with the micronutrient molybdenum (Mo) on bone remodeling and metabolism in a population of adults and seniors. The trial enrolled 42 senior and 42 adult people randomly divided into three groups that consumed lettuce biofortified with molybdenum (Mo-biofortified group) or without biofortification (control group) or molybdenum in a tablet (Mo-tablet group) for 12 days. We chose an experimental period of 12 days because the bone remodeling marker levels are influenced in the short term. Therefore, a period of 12 days allows us to determine if there are changes in the indicators. Blood samples, obtained at time zero and at the end of the study, were compared within the groups adults and seniors for the markers of bone resorption, C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) and bone formation osteocalcin, along with the markers of bone metabolism, parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin, albumin-adjusted calcium, vitamin D, phosphate and potassium. Consumption of a Mo tablet did not affect bone metabolism in the study. Consumption of Mo-biofortified lettuce significantly reduced levels of CTX and PTH and increased vitamin D in adults and seniors while levels of osteocalcin, calcitonin, calcium, potassium and phosphate were not affected. The study opens up new considerations about the role of nutrition and supplementation in the prevention of chronic diseases in middle-aged and older adults. Consumption of Mo-biofortified lettuce positively impacts bone metabolism in middle-aged and older adults through reduced bone resorption and improved bone metabolism while supplementation of Mo tablets did not affect bone remodeling or metabolism. Therefore, Mo-biofortified lettuce may be used as a nutrition intervention to improve bone homeostasis and prevent the occurrence of osteoporosis in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonya Vasto
- Euro-Mediterranean Institutes of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, Italy
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Davide Baldassano
- Department of Promoting Health, Maternal-Infant, Excellence and Internal and Specialized Medicine (ProMISE) G. D’Alessandro, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Leo Sabatino
- Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali (SAAF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 5, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosalia Caldarella
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, “P. Giaccone” University Hospital, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Luigi Di Rosa
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Sara Baldassano
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Cao Y, Ma C, Yu H, Tan Q, Dhankher OP, White JC, Xing B. The role of sulfur nutrition in plant response to metal(loid) stress: Facilitating biofortification and phytoremediation. J Hazard Mater 2023; 443:130283. [PMID: 36370480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Metal(loid)s contamination poses a serious threat to ecosystem biosafety and human health. Phytoremediation is a cost-effective and eco-friendly technology with good public acceptance, although the process does require a significant amount of time for success. To enhance the phytoremediation efficiency, numerous approaches have been explored, including soil amendments application with chelators to facilitate remediation. Sulfur (S), a macronutrient for plant growth, plays vital roles in several metabolic pathways that can actively affect metal(loid)s phytoextraction, as well as attenuate metal(loid) toxicity. In this review, different forms of S-amendments (fertilizers) on uptake and translocation in plants upon exposure to various metal(loid) are evaluated. Possible mechanisms for S application alleviating metal(loid) toxicity are documented at the physiological, biochemical and molecular levels. Furthermore, this review highlights the crosstalk between S-assimilation and other biomolecules, such as phytohormones, polyamines and nitric oxide, which are also important for metal(loid) stress tolerance. Given the effectiveness and potential of S amendments on phytoremediation, future studies should focus on optimizing phytoremediation efficiency in long-term field studies and on investigating the appropriate S dose to maximize the food safety and ecosystem health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yini Cao
- Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Chuanxin Ma
- Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P. O. Box 1672, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Qian Tan
- Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Om Parkash Dhankher
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Jason C White
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, United States
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
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Zhang B, Wen T, Xiang N, Zhao Y, Guo X. Effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on tocochromanol and carotenoid biofortification in maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings. J Sci Food Agric 2023; 103:1412-1420. [PMID: 36151954 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maize is a sought-after food crop because it is micronutrient-rich and affordable. It is an excellent source of carotenoids and tocochromanols. To investigate ways to enhance the micronutrients in maize, we grew maize seedlings with ultrasonic pretreatment to study the effect of ultrasound pretreatment on the biofortification of tocochromanols and carotenoids using high-performance liquid chromatography and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Four tocopherol isomers, three tocotrienol isomers and six carotenoid components were measured in maize seedlings. Compared with the untreated maize seedlings, carotenoid content increased and reached the highest level at 8 min ultrasonic pretreatment (19.21 ± 0.44 μg g-1 fresh weight (FW)), but tocotrienol content evidently decreased. Tocopherol dropped at first but began to rise after 8 min ultrasonic pretreatment (258.1 ± 6.4 μg g-1 FW). In particular, zeaxanthin in maize seedlings doubled after pre-sonication, while lutein was boosted to 11.81 ± 0.20 μg g-1 FW. Ultrasonic pretreatment changed the predominant component of tocochromanols in maize seedlings from γ-tocotrienol to α-tocopherol, with the latter content being 1.3 times higher than in the untreated group. Up-regulation of key genes involved in the biosynthesis of tocopherols and carotenoids in maize seedlings occurred as a result of both 2 min and 6 min sonication pretreatment. In particular, Zm HPPD, Zm ZE, Zm ZDS and Zm MPBQ-MT could partly explain the changes in these phytochemicals. CONCLUSION Wet ultrasonic pretreatment could increase tocopherol and carotenoid accumulation in maize seedlings but decrease tocotrienol synthesis. Some up-regulating genes are related to relevant syntheses, such as Zm HPPD, Zm ZE, Zm ZDS and Zm MPBQ-MT, which could influence the accumulation of tocopherols and carotenoids after ultrasonic pretreatment. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Vegetable Protein Processing Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianxiang Wen
- Crop Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics Improvement of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan Xiang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Vegetable Protein Processing Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yihan Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Vegetable Protein Processing Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinbo Guo
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Vegetable Protein Processing Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
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Morelli L, Rodriguez-Concepcion M. Open avenues for carotenoid biofortification of plant tissues. Plant Commun 2023; 4:100466. [PMID: 36303429 PMCID: PMC9860184 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plant carotenoids are plastidial isoprenoids that function as photoprotectants, pigments, and precursors of apocarotenoids such as the hormones abscisic acid and strigolactones. Humans do not produce carotenoids but need to obtain them from their diet as precursors of retinoids, including vitamin A. Carotenoids also provide numerous other health benefits. Multiple attempts to improve the carotenoid profile of different crops have been carried out by manipulating carotenoid biosynthesis, degradation, and/or storage. Here, we will focus on open questions and emerging subjects related to the use of biotechnology for carotenoid biofortification. After impressive achievements, new efforts should be directed to extend the use of genome-editing technologies to overcome regulatory constraints and improve consumer acceptance of the carotenoid-enriched products. Another challenge is to prevent off-target effects like those resulting from altered hormone levels and metabolic homeostasis. Research on biofortification of green tissues should also look for new ways to deal with the negative impact that altered carotenoid contents may have on photosynthesis. Once a carotenoid-enriched product has been obtained, additional effort should be devoted to confirming that carotenoid intake from the engineered food is also improved. This work involves ensuring post-harvest stability and assessing bioaccessibility of the biofortified product to confirm that release of carotenoids from the food matrix has not been negatively affected. Successfully addressing these challenges will ensure new milestones in carotenoid biotechnology and biofortification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Morelli
- Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMCP), CSIC-Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Rodriguez-Concepcion
- Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMCP), CSIC-Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
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Krishna TPA, Maharajan T, Ceasar SA. The Role of Membrane Transporters in the Biofortification of Zinc and Iron in Plants. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:464-478. [PMID: 35182385 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03159-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Over three billion people suffer from various health issues due to the low supply of zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) in their food. Low supply of micronutrients is the main cause of malnutrition and biofortification could help to solve this issue. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of biofortification is challenging. The membrane transporters are involved in the uptake, transport, storage, and redistribution of Zn and Fe in plants. These transporters are also involved in biofortification and help to load the Zn and Fe into the endosperm of the seeds. Very little knowledge is available on the role and functions of membrane transporters involved in seed biofortification. Understanding the mechanism and role of membrane transporters could be helpful to improve biofortification. In this review, we provide the details on membrane transporters involved in the uptake, transport, storage, and redistribution of Zn and Fe. We also discuss available information on transporters involved in seed biofortification. This review will help plant breeders and molecular biologists understand the importance and implications of membrane transporters for seed biofortification.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Ajeesh Krishna
- Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Kochi, 683104, Kerala, India
| | - T Maharajan
- Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Kochi, 683104, Kerala, India
| | - S Antony Ceasar
- Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Kochi, 683104, Kerala, India.
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50
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Jamla M, Joshi S, Patil S, Tripathi BN, Kumar V. MicroRNAs modulating nutrient homeostasis: a sustainable approach for developing biofortified crops. Protoplasma 2023; 260:5-19. [PMID: 35657503 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-022-01775-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
During their lifespan, sessile plants have to cope with bioavailability of the suboptimal nutrient concentration and have to constantly sense/evolve the connecting web of signal cascades for efficient nutrient uptake, storage, and translocation for proper growth and metabolism. However, environmental fluctuations and escalating anthropogenic activities are making it a formidable challenge for plants. This is adding to (micro)nutrient-deficient crops and nutritional insecurity. Biofortification is emerging as a sustainable and efficacious approach which can be utilized to combat the micronutrient malnutrition. A biofortified crop has an enriched level of desired nutrients developed using conventional breeding, agronomic practices, or advanced biotechnological tools. Nutrient homeostasis gets hampered under nutrient stress, which involves disturbance in short-distance and long-distance cell-cell/cell-organ communications involving multiple cellular and molecular components. Advanced sequencing platforms coupled with bioinformatics pipelines and databases have suggested the potential roles of tiny signaling molecules and post-transcriptional regulators, the microRNAs (miRNAs) in key plant phenomena including nutrient homeostasis. miRNAs are seen as emerging targets for biotechnology-based biofortification programs. Thus, understanding the mechanistic insights and regulatory role of miRNAs could open new windows for exploring them in developing nutrient-efficient biofortified crops. This review discusses significance and roles of miRNAs in plant nutrition and nutrient homeostasis and how they play key roles in plant responses to nutrient imbalances/deficiencies/toxicities covering major nutrients-nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn). A perspective view has been given on developing miRNA-engineered biofortified crops with recent success stories. Current challenges and future strategies have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Jamla
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411016, India
| | - Shrushti Joshi
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411016, India
| | - Suraj Patil
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411016, India
| | - Bhumi Nath Tripathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, 484887, India
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411016, India.
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