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Cohen R, Ray GE, Deptula DP, Lubin AH. The social contexts of behaviors and relationships: The relation of classroom and cyber victimization to number of classroom and cyber friends. J Exp Child Psychol 2024; 242:105887. [PMID: 38430870 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2024.105887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Behaviors and relationships exist within a variety of social contexts. More specifically for the current research, victimization and friendships occur in classrooms and, increasingly, in online virtual contexts. The current research examined how the number of classroom friends and number of cyber friends related to the extent of classroom victimization and extent of cyber victimization. Research has demonstrated the importance of face-to-face friendships in relation to being a victim; much less is known about the role of cyber friends in relation to being a cyber victim or how these relationships may play a role in cross-context victimization. Participants were 350 children from Grades 3 through 5 (188 girls and 162 boys). Children indicated classroom friends on a classroom roster, reported the number of their cyber friends, and indicated the extent of their cyber victimization. Peers nominated classmates for classroom victimization behaviors. A path analysis revealed that number of classroom friends was negatively associated with both extent of classroom victimization and extent of cyber victimization. Number of cyber friends was positively associated with extent of cyber victimization and was negatively related to extent of classroom victimization. Discussion of results includes the construction, use, and adaptation of social skills within and between social contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Cohen
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA.
| | - Glen E Ray
- Department of Psychology, Auburn University at Montgomery, Montgomery, AL 36117, USA
| | - Daneen P Deptula
- Department of Psychological Science, Fitchburg State University, Fitchburg, MA 01420, USA
| | - Ava H Lubin
- College of Charleston, Charleston, SC 29424, USA
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2
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Richardson SC, Gunn LH, Phipps M, Azasu E. Factors Associated with Suicide Risk Behavior Outcomes Among Black High School Adolescents. J Community Health 2024; 49:466-474. [PMID: 38095815 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-023-01312-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for youth suicide research, particularly among Black adolescents, for whom there have been significant increases over time. This study examines associations between eight covariates and suicide ideation, planning, and attempts among a national sample of Black high school adolescents to inform prevention efforts. Utilizing the 2019 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey data, a sample of N = 6225 Black high school participants was analyzed. A weighted classification tree and network analysis were used to visualize data features, and weighted multinomial ordered logistic regression analyses with multiple imputation pooled using Rubin's rules were performed. Suicide ideation rates of 16% were found in the sample and a higher reported rate of suicide attempts (56%) for those who have reported both ideation and planning. Interpersonal and multilevel factors, including suffering from bullying/cyberbullying, carrying a weapon, or being a sexual minority, were significantly associated with all three suicide behaviors. Findings support an interrelated and multilevel nature of suicide risk factors. Prevention programs for Black adolescents should consider the intersectionality of identities and experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonyia C Richardson
- School of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA.
| | - Laura H Gunn
- Department of Public Health Sciences and School of Data Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
- Department of Primary Care & Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Margaret Phipps
- School of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Enoch Azasu
- Department of Psychiatry, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA
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3
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Li M, Gong H, Sun W, Ma P, Chen Y, Gao Y. The health context paradox in the relationship between victimization, classroom bullying attitudes, and adolescent depression: An analysis based on the hlm model. J Affect Disord 2024; 354:694-701. [PMID: 38492648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
From the perspective of the health context paradox, this study examined the relationship between adolescent victimization and depression based on the diathesis-stress model and attribution theory using a nested model. A survey was conducted on 3743 Chinese adolescents using the Bullying & Victimization Scale, Rumination Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and Bullying Attitude Scale. The results disclosed that victimization had a positive impact on depression, rumination played a mediating role between victimization and depression, and classroom anti-bullying attitudes heightened the correlation between victimization and developing depression as well as between victimization and engaging in rumination thinking. This study provides a new cross-level perspective to reduce the occurrence of depression among bullied adolescents and further validates the health context paradox, expanding its applicability range. It also provides new experimental research references for reducing depression among bullied adolescents from a more comprehensive, cross-level perspective in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengge Li
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Huoliang Gong
- School of Psychology Henan University Jinming Campus, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China.
| | - Wenyan Sun
- Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Peng Ma
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuping Chen
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Birks M, Harrison H, Zhao L, Wright H, Tie YC, Rathnayaka N. Nursing students' experience of bullying and/or harassment during clinical placement. Nurse Educ Today 2024; 136:106151. [PMID: 38479329 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
PROBLEM OR BACKGROUND Bullying is a recognised problem in nursing. Nursing students are particularly vulnerable. Bullying and harassment of nursing students can be detrimental to both students and recipients of care. AIM This study aims to identify the incidence and nature of bullying and/or harassment experienced by nursing students in Sri Lanka. METHODS A cross-sectional survey consisting of eight demographic questions and 15 items specific to the experience of bullying and harassment was administered to nursing students online. FINDINGS A total of 656 students from 26 nursing education institutions in Sri Lanka participated. The majority were female with a mean age of 24.4 years. More than a quarter of respondents reported that they had experienced bullying and/or harassment while on clinical placement, with a further 16.7 % being unsure. Most bullying or harassment (55 %) occurred in hospitals with 29 % experienced in community settings. Registered nurses, including nurse managers and clinical facilitators were the most common perpetrators. Verbal abuse was the most frequent type of behaviour reported. DISCUSSION These findings support existing literature that indicates that bullying of nursing students is an international phenomenon. The context of this study provides clues as to how culture may influence the problem. There is a need to better understand bullying and harassment in the environments in which it occurs, in order to identify strategies that can bridge cultures and settings. CONCLUSION The incidence of bullying and harassment of nursing students in Sri Lanka is concerning. Further research is needed to identify and evaluate targeted strategies to help prevent negative outcomes in all nursing contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Birks
- Nursing and Midwifery, College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas 4811, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Helena Harrison
- Nursing and Midwifery, College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas 4811, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lin Zhao
- Discipline of Nursing, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora 3083, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen Wright
- Nursing and Midwifery, College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas 4811, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ylona Chun Tie
- Nursing and Midwifery, College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas 4811, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nadun Rathnayaka
- Academic Department, International Institute of Health Sciences Multiveristy, Welisara 71722, Columbo, Sri Lanka
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Cao J, Yuan W, Xu X, Liu X. Reciprocal Links Between Friendship Quality and Peer Victimization Among Middle Adolescents. J Interpers Violence 2024; 39:2127-2147. [PMID: 38110332 DOI: 10.1177/08862605231218684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
There is a robust association between friendship quality and victimization in adolescence; yet, it remains unclear whether friendship quality may be linked causally with different forms of victimization in middle adolescence. To fill this gap, this study examines the bidirectional associations of friendship quality and relational/verbal victimization with data collected at two time points, 6 months apart, in a sample of 671 middle Chinese adolescents (Mage = 15.63, SDage = 0.73, 49% males). Cross-lagged panel analyses revealed a two-way relationship between friendship quality and victimization, which existed in both verbal and relational victimization. Multi-group panel analyses observed that the cross-lagged associations between friendship quality and relational/verbal victimization were only found for males, but not for females. This result suggests that adolescent males' victimization is both affected by and a predictor of friendship quality, with implications for youth prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Cao
- Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Yuan
- Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodan Xu
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Lyons K, Schmid KK, Ratnapradipa KL, Tibbits M, Watanabe-Galloway S. Comparing bullying to ACEs in the national survey of children's health: Examining 2016-2019 prevalence trends among children and adolescents. Child Abuse Negl 2024; 151:106733. [PMID: 38507921 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate adverse childhood experience (ACE) prevalence among children and adolescents aged 6-17 years in the United States, to examine factors influencing the prevalence of ACEs over the time period 2016-2019, and to examine the difference in bullying trends compared to ACEs in the NSCH. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING The National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) is a cross-sectional survey. Participants included respondents who completed the separate surveys for ages 6-11 and 12-17 from 2016 to 2019. METHODS Cumulative ACEs were analyzed to determine the change in prevalence of having at least one ACE, overall and stratified by age group. RESULTS Overall prevalence was highest among income difficulties (16-26 %); parent/guardian divorced or separated (29-31 %); and bullying (21-48 %). There was a significant time trend for income difficulties (decreased; p < 0.001), lived with anyone with a mental illness (increased; p = 0.004), racial/ethnic mistreatment (increased; p = 0.004), and bullying (increased; p < 0.001). Cumulative prevalence trends without bullying decreased significantly from 2016 to 2019 while prevalence trends for bullying increased significantly during this time frame. Sex, age, and race/ethnicity were significantly associated with some of the ACEs. CONCLUSIONS Trend of ACEs varies as prevalence of some ACEs increased while decreasing for others over time. Also, ACEs appear to affect children and adolescents differently according to sex, age group, and racial/ethnic background, which warrants the need to prioritize efforts to decrease the exposure to ACEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiara Lyons
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 984395 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4395, United States of America; Maternal and Child Health Translational Research Team, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, 850 N. 5th St., Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States of America..
| | - Kendra K Schmid
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 984375 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4375, United States of America
| | - Kendra L Ratnapradipa
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 984395 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4395, United States of America
| | - Melissa Tibbits
- Department of Health Promotion, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986075 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6075, United States of America
| | - Shinobu Watanabe-Galloway
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 984395 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4395, United States of America
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Mattos P, Moraes CEFD, Sichieri R, Hay P, Faraone SV, Appolinario JC. Adult ADHD Symptoms in a Large Metropolitan Area From Brazil: Prevalence and Associations with Psychiatric Comorbidity, Bullying, Sexual Abuse, and Quality of Life. J Atten Disord 2024; 28:1082-1091. [PMID: 38380531 DOI: 10.1177/10870547241229097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and psychiatric correlates of symptomatic ADHD in a large metropolitan area of a middle-income country. METHODS An in-person household survey with randomly selected 2,297 adults aged 19 to 60 from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, assessed by trained lay interviewers. The Adult Self-Rating Scale Screener (ASRS-6) was used. Chi-square and logistic regression were conducted. RESULTS ADHD prevalence was 4.59 (95% CI [3.56, 5.44]). Those with ADHD were younger and more often unemployed; they displayed more psychiatric symptoms (depression, anxiety, and alcohol abuse) and a history of bullying and sexual abuse. They also had worse physical health indicators. Findings remained significant when controlling for socioeconomic variables. CONCLUSION Adults with symptomatic ADHD from a large metropolitan area in Brazil show a pattern of findings consistent with what has been observed in higher-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Mattos
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Ferreira de Moraes
- Obesity and Eating Disorders Group, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, NSW, Australia
| | - Rosely Sichieri
- Social Medicine Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Phillipa Hay
- Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, NSW, Australia
- Mental Health Services, SWSLHD, Campbelltown, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephen V Faraone
- Norton College of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Jose Carlos Appolinario
- Obesity and Eating Disorders Group, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Rimmer A. Trainees are removed from London surgery department after findings of bullying and poor supervision. BMJ 2024; 385:q906. [PMID: 38636985 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.q906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
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Ganson KT, Pang N, Nagata JM, Pedder Jones C, Mishna F, Testa A, Jackson DB, Hammond D. Screen time, social media use, and weight-related bullying victimization: Findings from an international sample of adolescents. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299830. [PMID: 38630685 PMCID: PMC11023391 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Screen time, social media, and weight-related bullying are ubiquitous among adolescents. However, little research has been conducted among international samples. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the association between screen time, social media use, and weight-related bullying victimization among an international sample of adolescents from six countries. Data from the 2020 International Food Policy Study Youth Survey were analyzed (N = 12,031). Multiple modified Poisson regression models were estimated to determine the associations between weekday hours of five forms of screen time, and total screen time, and use of six contemporary social media platforms and weight-related bullying victimization. Analyses were conducted among the overall sample, and stratified by country (Australia, Canada, Chile, Mexico, United Kingdom, United States). Greater hours of weekday screen time and use of each of the six social media platforms were associated with weight-related bullying victimization among the sample. Each additional hour of social media use was equivalent to a 13% (confidence interval [CI] 1.10-1.16) increase in the prevalence of weight-related bullying victimization. The use of Twitter was associated with a 69% (CI 1.53-1.84) increase in the prevalence of weight-related bullying victimization. Associations between hours of weekday screen time, use of six social media, and weight-related bullying victimization differed by country. Findings underscore the associations between screen time, social media, and weight-related bullying among a sample of adolescents from six medium- and high-income countries. Country-specific and global public health and technology efforts are needed to address this burgeoning social problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle T. Ganson
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nelson Pang
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jason M. Nagata
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Catrin Pedder Jones
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Faye Mishna
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexander Testa
- Department of Management, Policy and Community Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Dylan B. Jackson
- Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - David Hammond
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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McEvoy D, Brannigan R, Walsh C, Arensman E, Clarke M. Identifying high-risk subgroups for self-harm in adolescents and young adults: A longitudinal latent class analysis of risk factors. J Affect Disord 2024; 351:40-48. [PMID: 38290576 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-harm is a major public health concern in young people and is governed by a complex interaction of different risk factors. While many studies have identified these risk factors, less is known about how they tend to co-occur together. METHODS A latent class analysis was conducted using risk factors for self-harm from two waves at ages 13 and 17 from the Growing Up in Ireland (GUI) study their associations with self-harm were examined longitudinally at ages 17 and 20, respectively. RESULTS At age 13, there was a 'peer problems' group with higher probabilities of bullying, being unpopular and internalising problems and a 'school and substance use problems' group with higher probabilities of substance use, truancy or excessive absence from school and violence. Both of these two groups had over a two-fold risk of self-harm at age 17 in comparison to the low risk factor group. At age 17, there was a group with depression that was diagnosed by a medical professional with the highest relative risk (RR:13.9 (95 % CI 10.2-19.0)) of self-harm at age 20. Two other groups with undiagnosed depression had high probabilities of being bullied, and either high or low probabilities of substance use that had a 9.4 (95 % CI 6.8-13.1) and 7.4 (95 % CI 5.5-10.0) relative risk of self-harm at age 20, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Identifying hidden sub-groups using risk factors for self-harm in young people can inform potential public health interventions by clinicians and other professionals who work with young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- David McEvoy
- School of Population Health, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland (RCSI), Beaux Lane House, Mercer Street Lower, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Ross Brannigan
- School of Population Health, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland (RCSI), Beaux Lane House, Mercer Street Lower, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Cathal Walsh
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Ella Arensman
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, 4th Floor, Western Gateway Building, Western Road, Cork, Ireland; National Suicide Research Foundation (NSRF), Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Ireland.
| | - Mary Clarke
- School of Population Health, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland (RCSI), Beaux Lane House, Mercer Street Lower, Dublin 2, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
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Ndetei DM, Mutiso V, Shanley JR, Musyimi C, Nyamai P, Munyua T, Osborn TL, Johnson NE, Gilbert S, Abio A, Javed A, Sourander A. Face-to-face bullying in and outside of schools and cyberbullying are associated with suicidality in Kenyan high school students: a public health issue. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:277. [PMID: 38609874 PMCID: PMC11015663 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05739-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood bullying has been classified as a major public health concern by WHO, with negative effects on the health education and social outcomes of both bullies and victims. There is no current Kenyan data on the prevalence of face-to-face bullying and cyberbullying co-occurring in the same cohort of youth and how they are associated with different aspects of suicidality and socio-demographic characteristics. This study aims to fill these gaps in the Kenyan situation so as to inform current policy and practice. METHODOLOGY This cross-sectional study involved 2,652 students from ten secondary schools in Kenya, selected from three regions representing different levels of public funded schools and socioeconomic spaces. The outcome variable was derived from the questionnaire which asked students questions related to self-harm, suicide thoughts, plans, and attempts. Predictor variables were based on response on experience of bullying in school, out of school, at home, and cyberbullying. Other variables such as gender, age, family background, and class were also collected from the self-reported questions. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, with descriptive summary statistics and chi-square tests used to examine variables, and logistic regression analysis used to determine the associations between suicidality and experience of bullying. RESULTS The mean age was 16.13 years. More than half of the participants were male, with the largest proportion living in rural areas. Face-to-face bullying was more prevalent than cyberbullying, with 82% of participants experiencing bullying and 68% experiencing it almost daily in the past six months. Both face-to-face bullying and cyberbullying were associated with suicidal thoughts, plans, and attempts. Predictors of suicidal attempts included being bullied outside of school and being a victim of group bullying, while being bullied every day and being bullied by adult men were predictors of suicidal attempts in cyberbullying. CONCLUSION There is a high prevalence of face-to-face bullying both in and outside schools. There is also a high prevalence of cyberbullying. Both face-to-face and cyberbullying are associated with suicidality in Kenyan high school students.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Ndetei
- Africa Mental Health Research and Training Foundation, Nairobi, Kenya.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
- World Psychiatric Association Collaborating Centre for Research and Training, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Victoria Mutiso
- Africa Mental Health Research and Training Foundation, Nairobi, Kenya
- World Psychiatric Association Collaborating Centre for Research and Training, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Christine Musyimi
- Africa Mental Health Research and Training Foundation, Nairobi, Kenya
- World Psychiatric Association Collaborating Centre for Research and Training, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Pascalyne Nyamai
- Africa Mental Health Research and Training Foundation, Nairobi, Kenya
- World Psychiatric Association Collaborating Centre for Research and Training, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Timothy Munyua
- Africa Mental Health Research and Training Foundation, Nairobi, Kenya
- World Psychiatric Association Collaborating Centre for Research and Training, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Natalie E Johnson
- Shamiri Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sonja Gilbert
- Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, INVEST Child Psychiatry, INVEST Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Anne Abio
- Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Afzal Javed
- World Psychiatric Association, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Andre Sourander
- Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, INVEST Child Psychiatry, INVEST Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Mikkola M, Oksanen A, Kaakinen M, Miller BL, Savolainen I, Sirola A, Zych I, Paek HJ. Situational and Individual Risk Factors for Cybercrime Victimization in a Cross-national Context. Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol 2024; 68:449-467. [PMID: 33300379 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x20981041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Routine Activity Theory (RAT) and the general theory of crime have been widely employed to understand cybercrime victimization. However, there is a need to integrate these theoretical frameworks to better understand victimization from a cross-national perspective. A web-based survey was conducted among participants aged 15 to 25 years from the U.S., Finland, Spain, and South Korea. Factors related to RAT were associated with increased victimization in all four countries although results varied between the countries. Low self-control was associated with victimization in the U.S., Finland, and Spain but not in South Korea. Using decomposition analysis, we discovered that the association between low self-control and victimization occurred both directly and indirectly through measures of RAT. Our study demonstrates the need to integrate theories to better understand the dynamics of victimization. Despite the usefulness of RAT, other theories should be taken into consideration when investigating cybercrime victimization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Anu Sirola
- Tampere University, Tampere, Pirkanmaa, Finland
| | - Izabela Zych
- University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Andalucía, Spain
| | - Hye-Jin Paek
- Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, South Korea
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13
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Daigle LE, Maher CA, Hayes BE, Muñoz RB. Victimization, Disability Status, and Fear Among U.S. College Students. J Interpers Violence 2024; 39:1519-1542. [PMID: 37902452 DOI: 10.1177/08862605231207621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Levels of fear of crime are high in the United States, though they differ across groups. Researchers have identified characteristics associated with high levels of fear of crime, often noting that those most fearful also have vulnerabilities that increase their risk of experiencing victimization. Thus, having a vulnerability and experiencing victimization may exacerbate fear of crime. One such characteristic that may impact fear of crime is having a disability. The current study uses data from the American College Health Association's National College Health Assessment Spring 2021 survey to investigate how disability interacts with victimization to impact fear of crime among college students. To do so, assessments of personal safety in multiple contexts are used: at night, during the day, on campus, and in the community. Results show that disability increases the odds of feeling unsafe across contexts, as does having a history of victimization. Nonetheless, disability does not significantly interact with victimization. It may be that having a disability is such a strong risk factor for feeling unsafe that being a victim does not significantly further increase this assessment. Institutions of higher learning should use their offices of accommodation as well as victim services to assist students in reducing their feelings of being unsafe.
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Junttila M, Kielinen M, Jussila K, Joskitt L, Mäntymaa M, Ebeling H, Mattila ML. The traits of Autism Spectrum Disorder and bullying victimization in an epidemiological population. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:1067-1080. [PMID: 37219644 PMCID: PMC11032281 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02228-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Autistic children (Autism Spectrum Disorder, ASD) show an increased risk of bullying victimization and often face challenges in communication and peer relationships. However, it is unclear to what extent the amount and quality of ASD traits are associated with bullying victimization. This study examined the association of bullying victimization and ASD traits in an epidemiological population of 8-year-old children (n = 4408) using parent and teacher completed Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaires (ASSQs), both separately and combined. The ASSQ items relating to loneliness and social isolation, lack of co-operating skills, clumsiness and lack of common sense were associated with victimization in the study population. The higher the ASSQ scores, the more the children were victimized: the ASSQ scores increased in parallel with victimization from 0 (0% victimized) to 45 (64% victimized). The victimization rate was 46% in ASD sample, 2% in the total population sample and 2% in the non-ASD population sample. The results enable more targeted means for recognizing potential victimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Junttila
- Clinic of Child Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 2000, 90014, Oulu, Finland.
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Child Psychiatry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | | | - K Jussila
- Clinic of Child Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 2000, 90014, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Child Psychiatry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Division of Psychology, VISE, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - L Joskitt
- Clinic of Child Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 2000, 90014, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Child Psychiatry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - M Mäntymaa
- Clinic of Child Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 2000, 90014, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Child Psychiatry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - H Ebeling
- Clinic of Child Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 2000, 90014, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Child Psychiatry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - M-L Mattila
- Clinic of Child Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 2000, 90014, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Child Psychiatry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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15
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Jang H, Park H, Son H, Kim J. The Asymmetric Effects of the Transitions Into and out of Bullying Victimization on Depressive Symptoms: The Protective Role of Parental Education. J Adolesc Health 2024; 74:828-836. [PMID: 38069939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to examine the association between bullying victimization and depressive symptoms among youth from multicultural families in Korea, while distinguishing between the effects of entering and exiting bullying victimization. This study also investigates whether parental education moderates this association. METHODS Using data from the Multicultural Adolescent Panel Survey, a nationally representative sample of children from multicultural families in Korea, this study employed novel asymmetric fixed-effects models that separately assess the effects of entering and exiting bullying victimization. Interaction models were conducted to consider the moderating roles of maternal and paternal college attainment. RESULTS Conventional fixed-effects models showed that bullying victimization is significantly associated with an increase in depressive symptoms (b = 0.261). Asymmetric fixed-effects models suggest that the magnitude of the entry effect (b = 0.299) was significantly larger than that of the exit effect (b = -0.237). Furthermore, maternal college education amplified the mental health benefits of exiting from bullying victimization but did not buffer the harmful effects of entering bullying victimization. Gender-stratified analyses indicate that this protective effect of maternal college education was only significant for girls. Paternal college education, on the other hand, did not moderate either the entry or exit effects of bullying victimization. DISCUSSION The study's findings on the asymmetric effects of bullying victimization on depressive symptoms emphasize the importance of providing follow-up care and mental health support for multicultural family youth who have experienced bullying, with particular attention to those with a history of victimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayun Jang
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hansol Park
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyewon Son
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Kim
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Center for Demography of Health and Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
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16
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Machado-Oliveira L, de Amorim Vasconcelos MW, Ximenes RCC, Filho EAR, Barros MVG, Farah BQ, Ritti-Dias RM. Parental support and depressive and suicidal behaviors in bullied adolescents. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:1959-1961. [PMID: 38334795 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-024-05457-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Machado-Oliveira
- Centro Acadêmico de Vitória, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Alto Do Reservatório st, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, 55608-680, Brazil.
| | | | - Rosana Christine Cavalcanti Ximenes
- Centro Acadêmico de Vitória, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Alto Do Reservatório st, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, 55608-680, Brazil
- Graduate Program of Neuroscience, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Edil Albuquerque Rodrigues Filho
- Centro Acadêmico de Vitória, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Alto Do Reservatório st, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, 55608-680, Brazil
| | | | - Breno Quintella Farah
- Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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17
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Huang N, Zhang S, Mu Y, Yu Y, Riem MME, Guo J. Does the COVID-19 Pandemic Increase or Decrease the Global Cyber bullying Behaviors? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Trauma Violence Abuse 2024; 25:1018-1035. [PMID: 37177992 PMCID: PMC10185480 DOI: 10.1177/15248380231171185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Although cyberbullying is an emerging public health problem, it is unclear how the COVID-19 pandemic affects cyberbullying. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on cyberbullying, to estimate the global cyberbullying prevalence and to explore factors related to cyberbullying during the COVID-19 pandemic. We searched the Medline, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Eric, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, Chinese CNKI, and EBSCO databases to identify relevant empirical studies published between 2019 and 2022. A total of 36 studies were included. Quality assessment, meta-analyses, and subgroup analyses were conducted. The pooled prevalences were 16% for overall cyberbullying, 18% for victimization and 11% for perpetration during the COVID-19 pandemic, which were lower than before the COVID-19 pandemic. The pooled prevalence of postpandemic cyberbullying perpetration is lower in children than in adults. In addition, both virus- and lockdown-related stressors were the main factors contributing to cyberbullying. The COVID-19 crisis may reduce cyberbullying, and the pooled prevalence of cyberbullying during the pandemic in adults is higher than in children and adolescents. In addition, the transient-enduring factor model of postpandemic cyberbullying built in this review could help identify people at high risk of cyberbullying during public health emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yakun Mu
- Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yebo Yu
- Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Madelon M. E. Riem
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud
University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands
| | - Jing Guo
- Peking University, Beijing, China
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18
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Johnson SL, Rasmussen JM, Mansoor M, Ibrahim H, Rono W, Goel P, Vissoci JRN, Von Isenburg M, Puffer ES. Correlates of Intimate Partner Violence Victimization and Perpetration in Adolescents and Young Adults in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review. Trauma Violence Abuse 2024; 25:1168-1183. [PMID: 37226506 DOI: 10.1177/15248380231173428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global public health crisis with long-term adverse consequences for both victims and perpetrators. Patterns of violence often begin during adolescence, yet most interventions target adult relationships. A systematic review was conducted to identify correlates of IPV victimization and perpetration among adolescents and young adults in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Eligible studies included participants 10 to 24 years old, took place in SSA, and tested a statistical association between a correlate and an IPV outcome. Correlates were defined as any condition or characteristic associated with statistically significant increased or decreased risk of IPV victimization or perpetration. PsycInfo, PubMed, Embase, and African Index Medicus were searched and included studies published between January 1, 2000 and February 4, 2022. The search resulted in 3,384 original studies, of which 55 met inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Correlates were first qualitatively synthesized by developmental period (e.g., early adolescence, older adolescence, and young adulthood) and then organized in a conceptual framework by correlate type (e.g., socio-demographic; health, behavior, and attitudes; relational; or contextual). Over two decades of literature reveals variability in evidence by developmental period but also substantial overlap in the correlates of victimization and perpetration. This review identifies multiple points for intervention and results suggest the urgent need for earlier, developmentally appropriate prevention efforts among younger adolescents as well as combined approaches that target both victimization and perpetration of IPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savannah L Johnson
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Justin M Rasmussen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Hawo Ibrahim
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Wilter Rono
- Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Pari Goel
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - João R N Vissoci
- Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Megan Von Isenburg
- Duke University Medical Center Library, Duke University Medical Center Archives, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Eve S Puffer
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, NC, USA
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19
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Booth AT, Guest ZC, Vuong A, Von Doussa H, Ralfs C, McIntosh JE. Child-Reported Family Violence: A Systematic Review of Available Instruments. Trauma Violence Abuse 2024; 25:1661-1679. [PMID: 37646364 PMCID: PMC10913336 DOI: 10.1177/15248380231194062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The impact of family violence (FV) on children is a significant global public policy issue. Earliest identification of FV among children is critical for preventing escalating sequelae. While practitioners routinely ask adults about FV, there are relatively few measures that enable children to reliably self-report on their own safety. This review sought to systematically identify and appraise all available child self-report measures for screening and assessment of FV in both clinical and research settings. Database searching was conducted in January 2022. Articles were eligible for review if they included a validated child (5-18 years) self-report measure of FV (including victimization, perpetration, and/or exposure to inter-parental violence). Screening of an initial 4,714 records identified a total of 85 articles, representing 32 unique validated instruments. Results provide an up-to-date catalog of child self-report measures of FV, intended to benefit practitioners, services and researchers in selecting appropriate tools, and in understanding their suitability and limitations for different cohorts and practice goals. While just under half of the measures captured both exposure to inter-parental violence and direct victimization, none captured all three domains of exposure, victimization and perpetration together. Instruments with provision for input from multiple respondents (e.g., both child and parent report) and with assessment of contextual risk factors were few. Findings point to the need for developmentally appropriate, whole-of-family screening and assessment frameworks to support children in the early identification of family safety concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - An Vuong
- La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Claire Ralfs
- Relationships Australia South Australia, Hindmarsh, SA, Australia
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20
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Low S, Yu L, Temple JR. Traditional and Race-based Bullying in Racial-Minority Majority and Racially Diverse Schools. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:772-783. [PMID: 38282064 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-024-01944-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Few studies in the U.S. have simultaneously examined general and race-based bullying with consideration of school-level racial composition. The current study examined victimization as a function of school racial composition, in minority-majority and diverse schools (N = 1911, Mage = 13.7 years) enrolled in 7th grade in 24 public schools (42.3% Hispanics, 9.0% non-Hispanic White, 28.9% non-Hispanic Black, and 19.7% non-Hispanic Asian). Multilevel regression analyses suggest student-level protective factors related to both forms of victimization, but, school racial composition was only significant in explaining race-based bullying. Specifically, minority-majority schools had lower levels of race-based victimization compared to racially diverse schools. Findings suggest that consideration of school contextual factors offers a more nuanced understanding of the relation between race and victimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Low
- School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85701, USA.
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
| | - Jeff R Temple
- Center for Violence Prevention, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
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21
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Daigle LE, Johnson LM, Azimi AM, Hancock KP. Does College Matter? Exploring College-Level Factors Related to Victimization Risk for U.S. and Canadian College Students. Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol 2024; 68:488-522. [PMID: 33349076 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x20981027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Research shows that U.S. college students are at risk for a variety of victimization types. College students in Canada also experience similar types of victimization compared to U.S students, yet recent research shows that Canadian students are at a greater risk than U.S. college students of being victimized. Little is known, however, as to whether college-level factors influence victimization risk and how these risks may be different for U.S. and Canadian college students. Using the American College Health Association's National College Health Assessment data (ACHA-NCHA II), the current study builds upon past research by exploring the role of both individual and school characteristics and whether they are similarly related to risk of victimization in the two populations. The findings show that Canadian students are at higher risk for victimization and that some school-level factors play a role in predicting this risk for all students, with some variation in ones that matter for each country.
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22
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Chernyshov PV, Tomas-Aragones L, Manolache L, Pustisek N, Darlenski R, Marron SE, Koumaki D, Pochynok TV, Szepietowski JС, Wala-Zielinska K, Wójcik E, Szepietowska M, Lisicki B, Tsidylo IG, Chernyshov AV, Poot F, Magin P. Bullying in persons with skin diseases. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024; 38:752-760. [PMID: 38059435 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are few studies on bullying in skin diseases. Persons with skin diseases are especially prone to bullying. OBJECTIVES This component of the project 'Bullying among Dermatologic Patients' aimed to study the prevalence and nature of bullying in patients with skin diseases from different countries and age groups. METHODS Data were collected from participants of international social media groups for patients with skin diseases, in-patients and out-patients with skin diseases, and parents of children with skin diseases from six European countries. School and university students from Poland and Ukraine were asked to answer the question: Have you been bullied because of skin problems? RESULTS Bullying was reported in 1016 patients with 36 different skin diseases. Prevalence of self-reported and parental-reported bullying was quite heterogeneous among different countries In total, self-reported bullying was noted by 25.6% of patients with skin diseases during face-to-face consultations, by 63.7% of respondents from international patients' groups and by 12.2% of school and university students. Parental-reported bullying was detected in 34.5% of 3-4 years old children with skin diseases. The peak of bullying prevalence occurred between the ages of 13 and 15. The most prevalent forms of bullying were verbal abuse and social isolation. Physical abuse was the least often reported form of bullying. Only 33.2% of participants talked to anyone about being bullied. Negative long-term effects of bullying were reported by 63% of respondents. CONCLUSIONS Skin disease-related bullying was reported by patients in all centres of the project. The main manifestations of bullying were similar in different countries and among patients with different skin diseases. International activities aimed to decrease or prevent skin disease-related bullying in different age groups are needed. These activities should be multidirectional and target teachers, parents of classmates and classmates of children with skin diseases, patients' parents and patients themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- P V Chernyshov
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, National Medical University, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - L Tomas-Aragones
- Department of Psychology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - L Manolache
- Dermatology, Dali Medical, Bucharest, Romania
| | - N Pustisek
- Children's Hospital Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - R Darlenski
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Acibadem City Clinic Tokuda Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - S E Marron
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Miguel Servet, Aragon Psychodermatology Research Group (GAI+PD), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - D Koumaki
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece
| | - T V Pochynok
- Department of Pediatrics Number 1, National Medical University, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - J С Szepietowski
- Department of Dermatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - K Wala-Zielinska
- Department of Dermatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - E Wójcik
- Department of Dermatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - M Szepietowska
- Department of Dermatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - B Lisicki
- Department of Dermatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - I G Tsidylo
- Public Non-profit Enterprise Precarpathian Clinical Dermatovenereological Center of the Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Council, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - A V Chernyshov
- Department of Cellular Radiobiology, State Institution "National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine", Kiev, Ukraine
| | - F Poot
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Magin
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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23
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Menabò L, Skrzypiec G, Slee P, Guarini A. Victimization and cybervictimization: The role of school factors. J Adolesc 2024; 96:598-611. [PMID: 38073112 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Victimization and cybervictimization can negatively affect the subjective experience of well-being. This effect can be mediated by school factors, even if a deep understanding of these factors still needs to be determined. The present study examined how peer network, teacher support, and school connectedness mediated the relationship between victimization, cybervictimization, and well-being. We developed two mediation models, considering victimization (Model 1) and cybervictimization (Model 2) as predictors, well-being as the outcome, peer network, teacher support, and school connectedness as parallel mediators, and gender as a covariate variable. METHODS The sample comprised 563 Italian students (Mage = 11.5; 45% females). Students filled out a purpose-built questionnaire investigating victimization and cybervictimization, peer network, teacher support, school connectedness, and well-being. Two multiple mediation models were run using Process. RESULTS The two models showed similar patterns [Model 1: F(8, 169) = 34.35, p ≤ .001, R2 = .34; Model 2: F(8, 169) = 40.13, p ≤ .001, R2 = .34]. Indeed, victimization (Model 1) and cybervictimization (Model 2) had negative significant effects on peer network, teacher support, and school connectedness. However, their direct effects on well-being were not significant, as peer network and school connectedness emerged as complete mediators between victimization (Model 1) and cybervictimization (Model 2) and well-being. Males displayed higher levels of well-being compared to females. CONCLUSIONS Peer network and school connectedness play a crucial role in mediating the impact of victimization and cybervictimization on well-being. Educators and policymakers should prioritize fostering supportive peer network and strengthening school connectedness to create an environment that mitigates the negative effects of victimization and cybervictimization, enhancing overall student well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Menabò
- Department of Psychology "Renzo Canestrari", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Grace Skrzypiec
- Department of Education, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Phillip Slee
- Department of Education, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Annalisa Guarini
- Department of Psychology "Renzo Canestrari", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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24
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Espino E, Jiménez-Díaz O, Del Rey R, Elipe P. Outlining Individual and Contextual Factors Related to LGBTQ+ Bullying: A Systematic Review of Two Decades of Research. Trauma Violence Abuse 2024; 25:898-917. [PMID: 37078578 DOI: 10.1177/15248380231165724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Scientific interest in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and any other sexual orientation, gender identity and/or expression (LGBTQ+) bullying in educational settings has grown exponentially in recent years. However, the varied ways of measuring its occurrence and associated factors have made it difficult to achieve a holistic understanding of this problem. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to provide an updated overview of individual and contextual factors related to LGBTQ+ bullying over the past two decades, based on the measurement approach to this phenomenon. Studies published from 2000 to 2020 were analyzed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses strategy. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied in a staggered process, and 111 articles met all the criteria. Studies focusing on LGBTQ+ bullying victimization or aggression were eligible for inclusion. Our analysis revealed LGBTQ+ bullying is usually examined by measures of general aggressions (47.8%) from the victims' perspective (87.3%). The best-represented factors across studies were individual characteristics (63.1%; n = 70), especially participants' sexual orientation and gender identity and expression (68.5%). Boys/males, from a binary gender perspective, and sexual and gender minority youth in general, were more at risk of being targeted for LGBTQ+ bullying. Although contextual factors were far less well-represented, the results revealed that gay-straight alliances, anti-homophobia policies, and social support act as protective factors. This review highlights the need to analyze LGBTQ+ bullying considering the full spectrum of sexual and gender diversity, to examine in more detail its contextual risk/protective factors, and to design public policies and psychoeducational programs in order to address the low effectiveness of generic interventions. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
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25
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Nie Q, Griffiths MD, Teng Z. The Role of Self-Esteem in Protecting Against Cyber-Victimization and Gaming Disorder Symptoms Among Adolescents: A Temporal Dynamics Analysis. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:863-876. [PMID: 37904058 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01890-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Previous literature has suggested that victimization is linked to low self-esteem and increases the symptoms of gaming disorder. However, little is known about the intra-individual processes, and the temporal dynamics of cyber-victimization, self-esteem, and gaming disorder symptoms. To address this gap, a three-year longitudinal study was performed using data collected at six different time points from 4206 Chinese adolescents (aged 12-17 years; 50.4% boys). Results of random intercept cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPMs) indicated that at the within-person level, the fluctuation in self-esteem weakly predicted late cyber-victimization, and the fluctuation of cyber-victimization also weakly predicted late self-esteem. Additionally, the current study identified an interactive effect between self-esteem and gaming disorder symptoms at the within-person level. Fluctuations in self-esteem negatively predicted late gaming disorder symptoms, and vice versa. However, when combining the three variables (i.e., cyber-victimization, self-esteem, and gaming disorder symptoms) into one RI-CLPM, the results did not support the mediation of self-esteem in the relationship between cyber-victimization and gaming disorder symptoms at the within-person level. Moreover, fluctuations in self-esteem negatively predicted late gaming disorder symptoms and cyber-victimization at the within-person level in the RI-CLPM. These findings emphasize the protective role of self-esteem developed against cyber-victimization and gaming disorder symptoms among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Nie
- Research Center of Mental Health Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Zhaojun Teng
- Research Center of Mental Health Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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Szabó C. Bullying and skin diseases. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024; 38:641-642. [PMID: 38523491 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- C Szabó
- Institute of Psychology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Lee E, Schulz PJ, Lee HE. The Impact of COVID-19 and Exposure to Violent Media Content on Cyber Violence Victimization Among Adolescents in South Korea: National Population-Based Study. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e45563. [PMID: 38517467 PMCID: PMC10962403 DOI: 10.2196/45563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because of the COVID-19 pandemic and consequent stay-at-home mandates, adolescents faced isolation and a decline in mental health. With increased online activity during this period, concerns arose regarding exposure to violent media content and cyber victimization among adolescents. Yet, the precise influence of pandemic-related measures on experiences of cyber violence remains unclear. Hence, it is pertinent to investigate whether the pandemic altered the dynamics of cyber violence victimization for individuals. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the effects of COVID-19 and exposure to violent media content on cyber violence victimization among adolescents in South Korea. METHODS We used national survey data from 2019 (n=4779) and 2020 (n=4958) to investigate the potential impact of COVID-19 on the prevalence of cyber violence among young adolescents. The data encompassed responses from elementary fourth-grade students to senior high school students, probing their exposure to violent media content, average internet use, as well as experiences of victimization and perpetration. RESULTS The analysis revealed a noteworthy decline in cyber victimization during 2020 compared with 2019 (B=-0.12, t=-3.45, P<.001). Furthermore, being a perpetrator significantly contributed to cyber victimization (B=0.57, t=48.36, P<.001). Additionally, younger adolescents (β=-.06, t=-6.09, P<.001), those spending more time online (β=.18, t=13.83, P<.001), and those exposed to violent media (β=.14, t=13.89, P<.001) were found to be more susceptible to victimization. CONCLUSIONS Despite the widespread belief that cyber violence among adolescents surged during COVID-19 due to increased online activity, the study findings counter this assumption. Surprisingly, COVID-19 did not exacerbate cyber victimization; rather, it decreased it. Given the strong correlation between cyber victimization and offline victimization, our attention should be directed toward implementing real-life interventions aimed at curbing violence originating from in-person violence at school.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Lee
- Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Peter J Schulz
- Department of Communication, Culture and Society, University of Lugano, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Hye Eun Lee
- Department of Communication & Media, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Mateus Francisco S, Costa Ferreira P, Veiga Simão AM, Salgado Pereira N. Moral disengagement and empathy in cyber bullying: how they are related in reflection activities about a serious game. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:168. [PMID: 38515217 PMCID: PMC10956178 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01582-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyberbullying is a complex phenomenon with multiple factors involved, both contextual and individual factors, such as moral disengagement and empathy. This study investigated how moral disengagement and empathy could be related, longitudinally in cyberbullying events. Specifically, two gamified tasks (one for empathy and other for moral disengagement) were analyzed. These tasks were developed attending to the specificities of the cyberbullying scenarios presented in a serious game. To accomplish this goal, data from gamified tasks (N = 208), from 4 different moments, were analyzed through multilevel linear modeling. Results suggested that there was a change in adolescents' moral disengagement over time. Participants with greater empathy revealed lower moral disengagement overall. Over time, adolescents with greater empathy revealed lower moral disengagement within their own growth rate. Overall, our results provide important information about the dynamic relationship between moral disengagement, empathy and cyberbullying, which informs future studies and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Mateus Francisco
- CICPSI, Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Alameda da Universidade, Lisboa, 1649-013, Portugal.
| | - Paula Costa Ferreira
- CICPSI, Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Alameda da Universidade, Lisboa, 1649-013, Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Veiga Simão
- CICPSI, Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Alameda da Universidade, Lisboa, 1649-013, Portugal
| | - Nádia Salgado Pereira
- CICPSI, Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Alameda da Universidade, Lisboa, 1649-013, Portugal
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Gray A. XL bully restrictions due in Northern Ireland. Vet Rec 2024; 194:210. [PMID: 38488629 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.4050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
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Wang H, Xu S, Wang S, Wang Y, Chen R. Using decision tree to predict non-suicidal self-injury among young adults: the role of depression, childhood maltreatment and recent bullying victimization. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2024; 15:2322390. [PMID: 38445506 PMCID: PMC10919298 DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2024.2322390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a significant mental health issue requiring a deeper understanding of its underlying causes, such as childhood maltreatment, adult bullying victimization, and depression. Previous studies have not adequately addressed the cumulative risks of these factors on NSSI among college students. This population-based study investigates these cumulative risk factors.Design, setting, and participants: The cross-sectional study included 63 university's college students with a mean age of 19.6 years (N = 95,833).Main outcomes and measures: Two Chi-Square Automatic Interaction Detection (CHAID) decision tree models were used to classify subgroups based on childhood maltreatment and adult bullying victimization experiences and to investigate their cumulative risks of NSSI. Recursive partitioning algorithms determined each predictor variable's relative importance.Results: The CHAID model accurately predicted NSSI behaviours with an overall accuracy rate of 77.8% for individuals with clinically relevant depressive symptoms and 97.2% for those without. Among depressed individuals, childhood emotional abuse was the strongest NSSI predictor (Chi-Square, 650.747; adjusted P < .001), followed by sexual and physical abuse. For non-depressed individuals, emotional abuse in childhood was the strongest NSSI predictor (Chi-Square, 2084.171; adjusted P < .001), with sexual and verbal bullying in the past year representing the most significant proximal risks.Conclusions and relevance: Emotional abuse during childhood profoundly impacts individuals, increasing the risk of NSSI in both depressed and non-depressed individuals. Clinically relevant depressive symptoms have a moderating effect on the relationship between childhood maltreatment, adult bullying victimization, and NSSI. Identifying these factors can inform targeted interventions to prevent NSSI development among young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huagen Wang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shicun Xu
- Northeast Asian Research Center, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Population, Resources and Environment, Northeast Asian Studies College, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shihui Wang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Runsen Chen
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Kunwar S, Sharma S, Marasini S, Joshi A, Adhikari A, Ranjit A, Byanju Shrestha I, Shrestha A, Shrestha AK, Karmacharya BM. Cyber bullying and cyber-victimisation among higher secondary school adolescents in an urban city of Nepal: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e081016. [PMID: 38448066 PMCID: PMC10916119 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence and factors associated with cyberbullying and cyber-victimisation among high school adolescents of Pokhara Metropolitan City, Nepal. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING Pokhara Metropolitan City, Nepal. PARTICIPANTS We used convenient sampling to enrol 450 adolescents aged 16-19 years from four distinct higher secondary schools in Pokhara Metropolitan City. OUTCOME MEASURES We administered the Cyberbullying and an Online Aggression Survey to determine the prevalence of cyberbullying and cyber-victimisation. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the ORs and 95% CIs. Data were analysed using STATA V.13. RESULTS The 30-day prevalence of cyberbullying and cyber-victimisation was 14.4% and 19.8%, and the over-the-lifetime prevalence was 24.2% and 42.2%, respectively. Posting mean or hurtful comments online was the most common form of both cyberbullying and cyber-victimisation. Compared with females, males were more likely to be involved in cyberbullying (adjusted OR (AOR)=13.52; 95% CI: 6.04 to 30.25; p value <0.001) and cyber-victimised (AOR=2.22; 95% CI: 1.33 to 3.73; p value <0.05). Using the internet almost every day was associated with cyberbullying (AOR=9.44; 95% CI: 1.17 to 75.79; p value <0.05) and cyber-victimisation (AOR=4.96; 95% CI: 1.06 to 23.18; p value <0.05). Students from urban place of residence were associated with both cyberbullying (AOR=2.45; 95% CI: 1.23 to 4.88; p value <0.05) and cyber-victimisation (AOR=1.77; 95% CI: 1.02 to 3.05; p value <0.05). CONCLUSION The study recommends the implementation of cyber-safety educational programmes, and counselling services including the rational use of internet and periodic screening for cyberbullying in educational institutions. The enforcement of strong anti-bullying policies and regulations could be helpful to combat the health-related consequences of cyberbullying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surakshya Kunwar
- Department of Public Health, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal
| | | | - Sabina Marasini
- Department of Public Health, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal
| | - Anjali Joshi
- Department of Public Health, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal
| | | | | | - Ishwori Byanju Shrestha
- Department of Public Health, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal
| | - Archana Shrestha
- Department of Public Health, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal
| | - Akina Koju Shrestha
- Department of Public Health, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal
| | - Biraj Man Karmacharya
- Department of Public Health, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal
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Kern SG, Peterson ZD, Jozkowski KN, Gerstein ED. Psychological Symptoms Associated with Sexual Victimization Experiences: Differences as a Function of the Type and Number of Sexual Acts and Aggressive Tactics. J Sex Res 2024; 61:342-358. [PMID: 36239599 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2022.2130855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Different types of sexual victimization are associated with different outcomes; for example, on average, physically forced sex is associated with worse psychological outcomes than verbally coerced sex. This study evaluated outcomes associated with sexual victimization as a function of sexual act and aggressive tactic, expanding upon the acts and tactics examined in prior studies. Participants who had experienced sexual victimization (N = 402) completed a survey about their most upsetting victimization experience, identifying the sexual act(s) and aggressive tactic(s) that occurred. They completed measures of PTSD, depression, anger, and trauma-related cognitions. Relationships between symptom severity and most upsetting act and tactic, as well as the number of acts and tactics, were analyzed. Related to the sexual act, non-penetrative sexual acts were associated with the lowest symptom severity on several measures. Related to the aggressive tactic, sex obtained through anger/criticism and physical force were associated with the greatest symptom severity on some measures. A larger number of tactics were associated with more severe symptoms on all measures, whereas number of acts only explained unique variance in PTSD symptom severity. The pattern of severity for outcomes differed from previous conceptualizations, suggesting that current hierarchies of victimization severity may require revision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara G Kern
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-St. Louis
| | - Zoë D Peterson
- Kinsey Institute and Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology, Indiana University
| | - Kristen N Jozkowski
- Kinsey Institute and Department of Applied Health Sciences, Indiana University
| | - Emily D Gerstein
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-St. Louis
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Jin G, Bian X, Zhou T, Liu J. Different Ways to Defend Victims of Bullying: Defending Profiles and Their Associations with Adolescents' Victimization Experiences and Depressive Symptoms. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:621-631. [PMID: 38032413 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01904-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Adolescents use various strategies to help their victimized peers during bullying episodes. However, prior research has primarily adopted a variable-centered approach that examines the effect of each defending strategies separately and does not address whether there were different types of defenders who exhibit specific combinations of defending strategies and how these profiles related to youth's adjustment outcomes. Using latent profile analysis, this study identified defending profiles among a sample of Chinese adolescents (N = 1618, Mage = 13.81, SDage = 0.94, 42% girls) and examined whether these profiles differ on victimization experiences and depressive symptoms. The results yielded four defending profiles: nonaggressive defenders (15%), aggressive defenders (7%), average defenders (54%), and infrequent defenders (24%). Aggressive defenders and infrequent defenders exhibited the highest levels of self-reported victimization and depressive symptoms, whereas nonaggressive defenders demonstrated the lowest. There were no statistical profile differences in peer-reported victimization. Findings suggest that investigating the heterogeneity of youth using defending strategies is important for understanding whether defending actually puts youth at increased risk for negative adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guomin Jin
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohua Bian
- School of Educational Science, International Joint Laboratory of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junsheng Liu
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China.
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Wang X, Zhao W, Li J, Mo L, Jiang W, Peng M. Decoding the effects of varied peer victimization forms on depression and anxiety among Chinese adolescents: An exploration through latent transition analysis. Aggress Behav 2024; 50:e22144. [PMID: 38454643 DOI: 10.1002/ab.22144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to examine co-occurrence patterns of depression and anxiety among Chinese adolescents and their associations with various forms of peer victimization. We collected longitudinal data from 1005 middle school students using the Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Then we conducted latent profile analysis, latent transition analysis, and logistic regression analysis. The results reveal the presence of three depression-anxiety profiles among participants: low depression-anxiety group, moderate depression-anxiety group, and high depression-anxiety group. As verbal and relational victimization increase, adolescents are more likely to transition to a higher level of depression-anxiety profile. However, an increase in physical and property victimization predicts a transition to a lower level of depression-anxiety profile. The diverse effects resulting from different forms of victimization exhibit gender differences. For boys, an increase in relational victimization made participants in the moderate depression-anxiety group more likely to transition to the high depression-anxiety group, whereas this effect was not significant among girls. This study is theoretically significant for understanding the link between depression, anxiety, and their influencing factors. It suggests that educators, while addressing verbal and relational harm in adolescents, should reconsider the potential impact of physical and property harm. Opportunities to transform negative events into positive ones should be explored. Educators should tailor their focus based on gender, with a particular emphasis on addressing relational harm among male students. This underscores the need for differentiated approaches to effectively support students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinning Wang
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Weiguo Zhao
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiazheng Li
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Linli Mo
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenning Jiang
- Shanghai Fengxian Shuguang High School, Shanghai, China
| | - Manman Peng
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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Codina M, Díaz-Faes DA, Pereda N. Better at home or in residential care? Victimization of people with intellectual disabilities at the hands of caregivers. Res Dev Disabil 2024; 146:104689. [PMID: 38310732 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2024.104689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with intellectual disabilities often need assistance of some kind in their everyday life. Support needs can increase the risk of their victimization at the hands of professional and family caregivers. This paper explores the differences in caregiver victimization between participants living in residential care settings and those who are not. METHOD A sample of 260 adults (59.2 % men) with an intellectual disability diagnosis were assessed using an adaptation of the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire comparing prevalence, sum and variety scores. RESULTS More than half of the sample (59.2 %) experienced some form of caregiver victimization throughout their lifetime, with physical abuse, verbal abuse, and neglect being the most frequently reported forms. Participants in residential care settings experienced significantly more caregiver victimization incidents and a broader range of victimization forms than their counterparts outside residential care. Significant differences were found based on the individuals' place of residence and gender. Details are provided on the last victimization incident, the perpetrator, the psychological and physical consequences of the victimization, and the reporting rates. CONCLUSIONS This study outlines high rates of lifetime caregiver victimization, with those who live in residential care settings at particular risk. Further research is needed to gain a deeper understanding of the nuances of caregiver victimization and to prevent abuse in caregiving contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Codina
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Diego A Díaz-Faes
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noemí Pereda
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
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Iwanaga M, Nishi D, Obikane E, Kawakami N. Age of victimization and moderating role of social support for the relationship between school-age bullying and life satisfaction in middle-age. Scand J Public Health 2024; 52:225-233. [PMID: 36732917 DOI: 10.1177/14034948221148788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to examine whether the moderating role of social support on the negative association between school-age bullying victimization and life satisfaction in middle-age was different by age of victimization. METHODS A longitudinal study was conducted using data collected at the ages of 7, 11 and 50 years in the 1958 British birth cohort (N = 18,558). Frequency of bullying victimization (never, sometimes, or frequently) was assessed by parental interviews at ages seven and 11. A self-reported questionnaire assessed life satisfaction and perceived social support (instrumental and emotional) at age 50. To determine the moderating effect of social support on the association between bullying victimization and life satisfaction, hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses were conducted in which two interaction terms, victimization at age seven by social support and victimization at age 11 by social support, were simultaneously entered into the models. RESULTS Among 5304 respondents subjected to the statistical analysis, 34% had bullying victimization at age 7 years; 23% had bullying victimization at age 11 years. Instrumental support significantly buffered the effect of frequent victimization at age 11 (β = 0.03, p = 0.03) and significantly deteriorated the effect of frequent victimization at age 7 years (β = -0.04, p = 0.01), after adjusting for childhood confounders. No significant moderating effect was observed for emotional support. CONCLUSIONS Instrumental support in middle-age may more effectively buffer the effect of late school-age victimization than of early school-age victimization, while both effect sizes were small and additional research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Iwanaga
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Community Mental Health and Law, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nishi
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Public Mental Health Research, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan
| | - Erika Obikane
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Social Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Japan
| | - Norito Kawakami
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
- Junpukai Foundation, Japan
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Trompeter N, Testa A, Raney JH, Jackson DB, Al-Shoaibi AAA, Ganson KT, Shao IY, Nagata JM. The Association Between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), Bullying Victimization, and Internalizing and Externalizing Problems Among Early Adolescents: Examining Cumulative and Interactive Associations. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:744-752. [PMID: 38066316 PMCID: PMC10838217 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01907-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Both adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and bullying victimization are linked with mental health problems in adolescents. However, little is known about the overlap between the two factors and how this impacts adolescent mental health problems (i.e., internalizing and externalizing problems). The current study analyzed data from 8,085 participants (47.7% female; 44.1% racial/ethnic minority) in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, baseline (2016-2018, ages 9-10 years) to Year 2. Regression analyses were used to estimate associations between ACEs, bullying victimization and mental health problems, respectively, adjusting for sex, race/ethnicity, country of birth, household income, parental education, and study site. The findings showed that both ACEs and bullying victimization were independently associated with higher internalizing and higher externalizing problems. However, no significant interaction was found between ACEs and bullying victimization. Overall, the results align with the cumulative risk model of adversity, linking cumulative ACEs and bullying victimization to internalizing and externalizing problems in early adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Trompeter
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Alexander Testa
- Department of Management, Policy and Community Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Julia H Raney
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dylan B Jackson
- Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Abubakr A A Al-Shoaibi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kyle T Ganson
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Iris Yuefan Shao
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jason M Nagata
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Okada LM, Marques ES, Levy RB, Peres MFT, Azeredo CM. Association Between Dietary Patterns and Bullying Among Adolescents in Sao Paulo-Brazil. Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol 2024; 68:299-316. [PMID: 35535611 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x221095017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have assessed the association between food consumption and bullying perpetration, but most of them have not broadly assessed food consumption, neither the distinction between forms of bullying. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between dietary patterns with bullying roles and its different types of bullying perpetration among adolescents. Data on a representative sample of ninth-grade students (N = 2,163; mean age = 14.8 years) taken from Sao Paulo Project for the social development of children and adolescents (SP-PROSO) were used. The independent variables were healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns obtained by exploratory factor analysis. The dependent variables were bullying role (victim-only, bully-only, bully-victim) and bullying perpetration (any type, social exclusion, psychological/verbal aggression, physical aggression, property destruction, sexual harassment). Multinomial and logistic regression models were performed for the total sample and stratified by sex (only for association with sexual harassment), adjusting for covariates. Adolescents who engaged in a healthy dietary pattern were less likely to be bullies (RR 0.67 [0.49, 0.92]), while adolescents with an unhealthy dietary pattern were more likely to be bully-victims (RR 1.29 [1.12, 1.48]). Unhealthy dietary pattern was associated with any type of bullying perpetration (OR 1.24 [1.12, 1.38]), mainly with sexual harassment and physical aggression. Boys who had an unhealthy dietary pattern were more likely to sexually harass another adolescent (OR 2.10 [1.20, 3.66]). In conclusion, adolescents who had a healthy dietary pattern were less likely to perpetrate bullying. Unhealthy dietary pattern was associated with bullying perpetration, especially with sexual harassment by boys.
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DaViera AL, Uriostegui M, Gottlieb A, Onyeka OC. Risk, race, and predictive policing: A critical race theory analysis of the strategic subject list. Am J Community Psychol 2024; 73:91-103. [PMID: 37067014 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Predictive policing is a tool used increasingly by police departments that may exacerbate entrenched racial/ethnic disparities in the Prison Industrial Complex (PIC). Using a Critical Race Theory framework, we analyzed arrest data from a predictive policing program, the Strategic Subject List (SSL), and questioned how the SSL risk score (i.e., calculated risk for gun violence perpetration or victimization) predicts the arrested individual's race/ethnicity while accounting for local spatial conditions, including poverty and racial composition. Using multinomial logistic regression with community area fixed effects, results indicate that the risk score predicts the race/ethnicity of the arrested person while accounting for spatial context. As such, despite claims of scientific objectivity, we provide empirical evidence that the algorithmically-derived risk variable is racially biased. We discuss our study in the context of how the SSL reinforces a pseudoscientific justification of the PIC and call for the abolition of these tools broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L DaViera
- Psychology Department, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Marbella Uriostegui
- Applied Research & Equitable Evaluation, Education Northwest, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Aaron Gottlieb
- Crown Family School of Social Work, Policy, and Practice, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Olson C, Bellmore A, Moreno MA. Elucidating College Students' Cyberstalking Victimization Experiences. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2024; 27:208-213. [PMID: 38109214 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2023.0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Given that college students are high users of social media, an exploration of their experiences with cyberstalking victimization on social media is imperative. In this cross-sectional online survey study, 200 college student participants at a large state university (Mage = 19.93, SD = 1.72) were recruited. The online survey asked participants to self-identify as targets of cyberstalking; those who identified themselves as having had an experience with cyberstalking victimization were asked questions about their experience, including their relationship with the perpetrator, the duration of their experience, when the experience occurred, and the behaviors that were enacted by the perpetrator, both off and on social media. Analyses included assessing prevalence and descriptive statistics. Among participants, 14 percent self-identified as experiencing victimization. The majority (82.1 percent) experienced victimization from either a peer who was not a friend, a stranger, or an ex-romantic partner. Regarding the duration of experiences, 82.1 percent reported their experience lasted 6 months or fewer, and for the majority (67.9 percent), their experience happened over 1 year ago. Of targets, 96.4 percent experienced a communication technology behavior, whereas 92.9 percent experienced a behavior that occurred on social media. Potential implications include widening the scope of examination of cyberstalking victimization experiences in research and screening for cyberstalking victimization in college settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Olson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Amy Bellmore
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Megan A Moreno
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Rahman R, Tey CS, Matthews S, Govil N. Bullying, Peer Victimization, and Quality of Life in Pediatric Hearing Loss Patients: A Pilot Study. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2024; 133:292-299. [PMID: 37897229 DOI: 10.1177/00034894231208260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this pilot study is to describe the impacts of bullying and peer victimization (BPV) in children with hearing loss. STUDY DESIGN Prospective clinical survey study. METHODS This pilot study enrolled children between 8 and 18 years who were administered validated surveys at an outpatient clinic between July 2020 and March 2022. Surveys included health-related quality of life questionnaires (PedsQL and EQ-5D-Y), along with bullying and peer victimization questionnaires ("My Life in School" and the multidimensional peer victimization scale). Responses were scored with multivariate analysis. Clinical histories and active ICD-10 codes were also collected. RESULTS About 105 patients were recruited with a mean age of 13.1 years (SD = 3.15) and hearing loss (n = 30) among the top otolaryngological diagnoses. When surveying patients with hearing loss, 50.0% (n = 15) actively used a hearing aid device. Children (ages 8-12 years) with hearing loss reported a significantly lower psychosocial health-related quality of life than their peers without hearing loss (P = .007), though this was not the case for adolescents (ages 13-18 years) with hearing loss (P = .099). These trends did not change significantly before or after students resumed in-person classes. Children who wore hearing aids did not report a different BPV level than their peers. CONCLUSION In this small sample of school-aged children, any hearing loss, even with mild severity, was associated with diminished health-related quality of life; however, this was unrelated to hearing aid use. Wearing a hearing aid did not appear to be linked to higher bullying and peer victimization rates. Along with further studies on BPV with larger sample sizes, the findings in this study may help physicians counsel parents and children on the psychosocial aspects of hearing loss treatment and guide care decisions. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahiq Rahman
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Nandini Govil
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Zhou J, Wang L, Zhu D, Gong X. Social Anxiety and Peer Victimization and Aggression: Examining Reciprocal Trait-State Effects among Early Adolescents. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:701-717. [PMID: 38097883 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01920-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
As peer relationships become paramount during early adolescence, there's a normative rise in social anxiety, coinciding with a peak in peer victimization and aggression. Although previous studies have suggested reciprocal associations between changes in social anxiety and adolescent peer victimization and aggression, the mechanics of these associations at the personal trait and time-varying state levels remains unclear. This study examined the longitudinal relations between social anxiety and adolescent peer victimization and aggression by disentangling between-person trait differences from within-person state processes. A total of 4731 Chinese early adolescents (44.9% girls; M age = 10.91 years, SD = 0.72) participated in a four-wave longitudinal study with 6-month intervals. Random-intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM) was applied. The results revealed higher levels of social anxiety are associated with more peer victimization and aggression at the between-person trait level. At the within-person state level, adolescent social anxiety, and adolescent physical victimization and physical aggression, reciprocally predicted each other. Relational victimization significantly predicted an increase of social anxiety, but not vice versa. Social anxiety positively predicted relational aggression over time, whereas the effect of relational aggression on social anxiety was only observed at the initial stage of early adolescence. These findings highlight that various types of victimization and aggression might exhibit unique reciprocal associations with social anxiety. Distinguishing between the within-person state and between-person trait effects is crucial in research that informs the co-development of adolescent peer victimization, aggression, and social anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Zhou
- School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Li'an Wang
- School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dandan Zhu
- School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xue Gong
- Department of Psychology, Normal College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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Hodges JC, McKetchnie SM, González A, Hawkins SS. The Impacts of Inclusionary State Immigrant Policies on Psychosocial Outcomes Among Latinx Adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 63:355-364. [PMID: 37414094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2023.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE State-level policies that exclude immigrants, primarily undocumented, from public services and benefits have been found to have negative psychosocial impacts on Latinx adults, regardless of nativity. The effects of inclusionary policies-that is, extending public benefits to all immigrants-remain underexamined, as well as the impacts on adolescents. METHOD We used data from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey from 2009 to 2019 to examine the association between 7 state-level inclusionary policies and bullying victimization, low mood, and suicidality among Latinx adolescents via 2-way fixed-effects log-binomial regression models. RESULTS Banning the use of eVerify in employment was associated with decreased bullying victimization (prevalence ratio [PR] = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.53-0.74), low mood (PR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.78-0.98), and suicidality (PR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.62-0.86). Extending public health insurance coverage was associated with decreased bullying victimization (PR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.49-0.67), and mandating Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services (CLAS) training for health care workers was associated with decreased low mood (PR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.69-0.91). Extending in-state tuition to undocumented students was associated with increased bullying victimization (PR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.04-1.30), and extending financial aid was associated with increased bullying victimization (PR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.08-2.19), low mood (PR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.08-1.40), and suicidality (PR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.01-1.89). CONCLUSION The relationships between inclusionary state-level policies and Latinx adolescent psychosocial outcomes were mixed. Although most inclusionary policies were associated with improved psychosocial outcomes, Latinx adolescents residing in states with inclusionary policies related to higher education had worse psychosocial outcomes. Results suggest the importance of elucidating the unintended consequences of well-intentioned policies and the importance of continued efforts to reduce anti-immigrant sentiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C Hodges
- School of Social Work, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts.
| | | | - Andrés González
- School of Theology and Ministry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts
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Xu X, Yang C, Huebner ES, Tian L. Understanding general and specific associations between cyber bullying and psychopathological symptoms in adolescents: a latent dimensional approach. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:749-759. [PMID: 36964854 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02198-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Cyberbullying (perpetration and victimization) is a prevalent public health problem associated with a wide variety of psychopathological symptoms (e.g., depression, anxiety, delinquent behaviors, and substance use). However, the generality and specificity of relations between cyberbullying involvement and psychopathological symptoms have not been investigated. Thus, the current study used a latent dimensional approach to examine how cyberbullying (perpetration and victimization) is associated with underlying dimensions of psychopathology as well as with specific symptoms. General and specific associations were estimated by a series of structural equation models with data from 654 Chinese adolescents (52.4% girls, Mage = 12.96 years, SD = 0.67) in a three-wave study. Results indicated that cyberbullying (perpetration and victimization) was significantly and positively associated with latent internalizing and externalizing dimensions. Cyberbullying involvement was non-significantly associated with most specific symptom domains after accounting for the impact of the latent internalizing and externalizing factors. In a few cases, cyberbullying involvement was directly and uniquely associated with specific symptoms. Findings of significant general and symptom-specific associations have important implications for efforts to develop more efficient and targeted strategies for preventing and treating mental health problems associated with cyberbullying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Xu
- Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory of Reading and Development in Children and Adolescents (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510631, People's Republic of China
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Yang
- Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory of Reading and Development in Children and Adolescents (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510631, People's Republic of China
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - E Scott Huebner
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Lili Tian
- Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory of Reading and Development in Children and Adolescents (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510631, People's Republic of China.
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Chen L, Chen Y, Ran H, Che Y, Fang D, Li Q, Shi Y, Liu S, He Y, Zheng G, Xiao Y. Social poverty indicators with school bullying victimization: evidence from the global school-based student health survey (GSHS). BMC Public Health 2024; 24:615. [PMID: 38408963 PMCID: PMC10898088 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18119-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND School bullying is prevalent in children and adolescents. Bullying victims are seen higher risk of negative psychological outcomes. Previously published studies suggested that social indicators may pose significant influence on bullying victimization. However, the association between social poverty and bullying victimization has not been exclusively discussed. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed the association between 6 commonly used social poverty indicators (Poverty Headcount Ratio, PHR; Poverty Gap, PG; Squared Poverty Gap, SPG; monthly household per capita income, PCI; Watts' Poverty Index, WPI; the Gini Index, Gini) and the prevalence of school bullying at country level by using the Global school-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) database. RESULTS Altogether 16 countries were included into the final analysis, with school bullying victimization prevalence ranged from 12.9 to 47.5%. Bubble plots revealed statistically significant associations between the three indicators measuring absolute poverty level (PHR, PCI, WPI) and bullying victimization. Subsequently performed principal component regression indicated that, for all types of bullying victimization, the increase of absolute poverty level was related to elevated prevalence rates, and the association was particularly strong for verbal bullying victimization. CONCLUSIONS Our study results may suggest that absolute social poverty is an important parameter for constructing and implementing school bullying victimization intervention strategies and measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong District, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong District, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hailiang Ran
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong District, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yusan Che
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong District, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Die Fang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong District, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiongxian Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong District, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuanyu Shi
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong District, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shuqing Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong District, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yandie He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong District, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Guiqing Zheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong District, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xiao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong District, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
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Wang M, Lou J, Xie X, Zhao G, Zhu H. Parental migration and cyber bullying victimization among Chinese left-behind children: understanding the association and mediating factors. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1194940. [PMID: 38454990 PMCID: PMC10918748 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1194940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Parental absence is greatly associated with school bullying victimization of left-behind children (LBC) in migrant families. With the increasing popularity of the Internet, little is known about the association between parental migration and cyberbullying victimization, and potential mediators. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in Anhui and Zhejiang Province, China, in 2020. With a sample of 792 currently left-behind children (CLBC), 541 previously left-behind children (PLBC), and 628 never left-behind children (NLBC), path analysis was used to explore the association between parental migration and cyberbullying victimization among children, while considering the independent and sequential mediating roles of parent-child communication, and time spent online. Results The prevalence of cyberbullying victimization was 29.3% among CLBC, 29.2% among PLBC, and 23.4% among NLBC. Path analysis showed that current left-behind status was positively associated with cyberbullying victimization among children (p = 0.024). Furthermore, current left-behind status was associated with worse parent-child communication, which, in turn, predicted a higher prevalence of cyberbullying victimization [95% CI = (0.007, 0.036)]. Similarly, the previous left-behind experience was associated with worse parent-child communication, which, in turn, predicted a higher prevalence of cyberbullying victimization [95% CI = (0.013, 0.043)]. Current left-behind status was associated with increased time spent online, which, in turn, predicted a higher prevalence of cyberbullying victimization [95% CI = (0.013, 0.038)]. Additionally, the current left-behind status positively predicted cyberbullying victimization among children through the serial mediating roles of parent-child communication and time spent online [95% CI = (0.001, 0.006)]. Similarly, previous left-behind experience positively predicted cyberbullying victimization among children through the serial mediating roles of parent-child communication and time spent online [95% CI = (0.002, 0.007)]. Discussion We propose that to protect CLBC and PLBC from cyberbullying victimization, it is of great importance for migrant parents to regulate children's time spent online and promote daily parent-child communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menmen Wang
- Institute of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxue Lou
- Institute of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoliang Xie
- Institute of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guanlan Zhao
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Institute of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Loeb J. XL bully population larger than anticipated. Vet Rec 2024; 194:133. [PMID: 38362980 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.3961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
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Lu J, Yang J, Sadikova E, Tiemeier H. The association of sexual minority status and bullying victimization is modified by sex and grade: findings from a nationally representative sample. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:504. [PMID: 38365609 PMCID: PMC10874033 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17988-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sexual minority status is associated with face-to-face bullying and cyberbullying victimization. However, limited studies have investigated whether such a relationship differs by sex or grade in a nationally representative sample. METHODS We concatenated the national high school data from the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) chronologically from 2015 to 2019, resulting in a sample of 32,542 high school students. We constructed models with the interaction term between sexual minority status and biological sex assigned at birth to test the effect modification by sex on both the multiplicative and additive scales. A similar method was used to test the effect modification by grade. RESULTS Among heterosexual students, females had a higher odds of being bullied than males, while among sexual minority students, males had a higher odds of being bullied. The effect modification by sex was significant on both the multiplicative and additive scales. We also found a decreasing trend of bullying victimization as the grade increased among both heterosexual and sexual minority students. The effect modification by the grade was significant on both the multiplicative and the additive scale. CONCLUSIONS Teachers and public health workers should consider the difference in sex and grade when designing prevention programs to help sexual minority students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Lu
- Department of Social and Behavior Sciences, Harvard University T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Jiarui Yang
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Ekaterina Sadikova
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Social and Behavior Sciences, Harvard University T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA.
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Fekih-Romdhane F, Malaeb D, Farah N, Stambouli M, Cheour M, Obeid S, Hallit S. The relationship between cyber bullying perpetration/victimization and suicidal ideation in healthy young adults: the indirect effects of positive and negative psychotic experiences. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:121. [PMID: 38355556 PMCID: PMC10865539 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05552-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Even though not all cyber bullies or victims think of (or consider) suicide, they clearly appear to be at an increased risk. One possible strategy to reduce suicide risk is to decrease cyberbullying occurrence; but this approach has its limitations, as it is certainly an illusion to believe that cyberbullying could be controlled or eliminated in a digitalized world. Another alternative and interesting strategy is to consider mediating factors that may indirectly affect suicidality. To this end, our purpose was to test the hypothesis that positive and negative psychotic experiences (PEs) mediate the relationship from cyberbullying perpetration/victimization to suicidal ideation (SI). METHOD The study followed a cross-sectional design, and was conducted during the period from June to September 2022. A total of 3103 healthy community participants from Lebanon were included (mean age 21.73 ± 3.80 years, 63.6% females). RESULTS After adjusting over potential confounders, mediation analysis models showed that both positive and negative PEs partially mediated the associations between cyberbullying victimization/perpetration and SI. Higher cyberbullying perpetration and victimization were significantly associated with greater positive and negative PEs; more severe positive and negative PEs were significantly associated with higher levels of SI. Higher cyberbullying victimization and perpetration were significantly and directly associated with higher levels of SI. CONCLUSION In light of our preliminary findings, there appears to be an urgent need for a new focus on carefully assessing and addressing attenuated psychotic symptoms in healthy individuals engaged in cyberbullying either as victims or bullies and who present with SI. It is important that school counselors and decision-makers consider a holistic approach taking into account both external/environmental (bullying) and internal/individual (PEs) factors in their suicide prevention programs. Future longitudinal research in larger samples are still required to confirm our findings and further elucidate the mechanisms underlying the relationship between cyberbullying and suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi hospital, 2010, Manouba, Tunisia.
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Diana Malaeb
- College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nour Farah
- Faculty of Science, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Manel Stambouli
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi hospital, 2010, Manouba, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Majda Cheour
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi hospital, 2010, Manouba, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sahar Obeid
- School of Arts and Sciences, Social and Education Sciences Department, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, P.O. Box 446, Lebanon.
- Psychology Department, College of Humanities, Effat University, 21478, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.
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Zhou J, Li X, Zou Y, Gong X. Longitudinal relations among family dysfunction, depressive symptoms, and cyber bullying involvement in Chinese early adolescents: Disentangling between- and within-person associations. Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:395-403. [PMID: 36484142 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422001274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Family dysfunction plays an important role in cyberbullying and cybervictimization. However, little research has investigated the longitudinal relations and the mediating mechanisms between them during adolescence. This study examined the longitudinal relations between family dysfunction and cyberbullying and cybervictimization, along with whether depressive symptoms function as mediators between them at the within-person level. A total of 3,743 Chinese adolescents (46.2% females; Mage = 9.92 years; SD = 0.51) participated a five-wave longitudinal study with a 6-month time interval. The results of random intercept cross-lagged panel model found that: (1) family dysfunction directly predicted depressive symptoms and vice versa at the within-person level; (2) depressive symptoms directly predicted cyberbullying and cybervictimization at the within-person level, but not vice versa; (3) family dysfunction indirectly predicted cyberbullying and cybervictimization via depressive symptoms at the within-person level; (4) at the between-person level, there were significant associations among family dysfunction, depressive symptoms, cyberbullying and cybervictimization. The results are discussed on the basis of the mechanisms that lead to cyberbullying and cybervictimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Zhou
- School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Zou
- School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xue Gong
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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