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Baldeón ME, Felix C, Fornasini M, Zertuche F, Largo C, Paucar MJ, Ponce L, Rangarajan S, Yusuf S, López-Jaramillo P. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus type-2 and their association with intake of dairy and legume in Andean communities of Ecuador. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254812. [PMID: 34297755 PMCID: PMC8301611 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are metabolic alterations associated with high morbidity and mortality, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Diet has a significant impact on the risk to develop MetS and T2D; in this regard, consumption of fruits, vegetables, and protein rich foods (from plant and animals) are important to prevent and manage these pathologies. There are limited studies regarding the potential association between Andean foods rich in proteins and the presence of cardio-metabolic conditions in Ecuador. It is necessary to develop new low-cost, local-culturally acceptable strategies to reduce the burden of cardio-metabolic diseases. We describe the prevalence (baseline data) of MetS and T2D in the Ecuadorian cohort of the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study and their potential association with the consumption of protein rich foods, including beef, white meat, dairy and legumes. In this cross-sectional study, we assessed 1,997 individuals aged 35-70 years (mean age 51 years, 72% women), included in the Ecuadorian cohort of the PURE study, from February to December 2018. The prevalence of MetS was 42% for male and 44% for female participants; the prevalence of T2D was 9% for male and 10% for female. Metabolic syndrome and T2D were more common in women older than 50 years of age with primary education or less, low economic income, and with obesity; MetS was more frequent in the rural area while T2D was more frequent in the urban area. Using logistic regression analysis, we observed a significant protective effect of higher consumption of dairy and legumes in the prevalence of MetS and T2D compared with low consumption. It will be important to develop policies for ample production and consumption of protein rich foods such as legumes and dairy, part of traditional diets, to reduce the burden of cardio-metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel E. Baldeón
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
- * E-mail:
| | - Camilo Felix
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Marco Fornasini
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Federico Zertuche
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Carolina Largo
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - María José Paucar
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Liz Ponce
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Sumathy Rangarajan
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Salim Yusuf
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Canada
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Neyrinck AM, Nazare JA, Rodriguez J, Jottard R, Dib S, Sothier M, Berghe LVD, Alligier M, Alexiou H, Maquet V, Vinoy S, Bischoff SC, Walter J, Laville M, Delzenne NM. Development of a Repertoire and a Food Frequency Questionnaire for Estimating Dietary Fiber Intake Considering Prebiotics: Input from the FiberTAG Project. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092824. [PMID: 32942686 PMCID: PMC7551723 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Most official food composition tables and food questionnaires do not provide enough data to assess fermentable dietary fibers (DF) that can exert a health effect through their interaction with the gut microbiota. The aim of this study was to develop a database and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) allowing detailed DF intake estimation including prebiotic (oligo)saccharides. A repertoire of DF detailing total, soluble DF, insoluble DF and prebiotic (oligo)saccharides (inulin-type fructans, fructo-oligosaccharides and galacto-oligosaccharides) in food products consumed in Europe has been established. A 12 month FFQ was developed and submitted to 15 healthy volunteers from the FiberTAG study. Our data report a total DF intake of 38 g/day in the tested population. Fructan and fructo-oligosaccharides intake, linked notably to condiments (garlic and onions) ingestion, reached 5 and 2 g/day, respectively, galacto-oligosaccharides intake level being lower (1 g/day). We conclude that the FiberTAG repertoire and FFQ are major tools for the evaluation of the total amount of DF including prebiotics. Their use can be helpful in intervention or observational studies devoted to analyze microbiota–nutrient interactions in different pathological contexts, as well as to revisit DF intake recommendations as part of healthy lifestyles considering specific DF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey M. Neyrinck
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200 Sint-Lambrechts-Woluwe, Belgium; (A.M.N.); (J.R.); (R.J.); (S.D.)
| | - Julie-Anne Nazare
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, Université-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69310 Pierre Bénite, France; (J.-A.N.); (M.S.); (L.V.D.B.); (M.A.); (M.L.)
| | - Julie Rodriguez
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200 Sint-Lambrechts-Woluwe, Belgium; (A.M.N.); (J.R.); (R.J.); (S.D.)
| | - Romain Jottard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200 Sint-Lambrechts-Woluwe, Belgium; (A.M.N.); (J.R.); (R.J.); (S.D.)
| | - Sarah Dib
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200 Sint-Lambrechts-Woluwe, Belgium; (A.M.N.); (J.R.); (R.J.); (S.D.)
| | - Monique Sothier
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, Université-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69310 Pierre Bénite, France; (J.-A.N.); (M.S.); (L.V.D.B.); (M.A.); (M.L.)
| | - Laurie Van Den Berghe
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, Université-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69310 Pierre Bénite, France; (J.-A.N.); (M.S.); (L.V.D.B.); (M.A.); (M.L.)
| | - Maud Alligier
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, Université-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69310 Pierre Bénite, France; (J.-A.N.); (M.S.); (L.V.D.B.); (M.A.); (M.L.)
| | - Hélène Alexiou
- Haute Ecole Léonard de Vinci, Institut Paul Lambin, 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
| | | | - Sophie Vinoy
- Mondelez Int. R&D, Nutrition Research, 91400 Saclay, France;
| | - Stephan C. Bischoff
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany;
| | - Jens Walter
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T5J4P6, Canada;
- APC Microbiome Ireland, School of Microbiology, and Department of Medicine, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland
| | - Martine Laville
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, Université-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69310 Pierre Bénite, France; (J.-A.N.); (M.S.); (L.V.D.B.); (M.A.); (M.L.)
| | - Nathalie M. Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200 Sint-Lambrechts-Woluwe, Belgium; (A.M.N.); (J.R.); (R.J.); (S.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-2-764-73-69
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O'Keefe SJD, Li JV, Lahti L, Ou J, Carbonero F, Mohammed K, Posma JM, Kinross J, Wahl E, Ruder E, Vipperla K, Naidoo V, Mtshali L, Tims S, Puylaert PGB, DeLany J, Krasinskas A, Benefiel AC, Kaseb HO, Newton K, Nicholson JK, de Vos WM, Gaskins HR, Zoetendal EG. Fat, fibre and cancer risk in African Americans and rural Africans. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6342. [PMID: 25919227 PMCID: PMC4415091 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 599] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rates of colon cancer are much higher in African Americans (65:100,000) than in rural South Africans (<5:100,000). The higher rates are associated with higher animal protein and fat, and lower fibre consumption, higher colonic secondary bile acids, lower colonic short-chain fatty acid quantities and higher mucosal proliferative biomarkers of cancer risk in otherwise healthy middle-aged volunteers. Here we investigate further the role of fat and fibre in this association. We performed 2-week food exchanges in subjects from the same populations, where African Americans were fed a high-fibre, low-fat African-style diet and rural Africans a high-fat, low-fibre western-style diet, under close supervision. In comparison with their usual diets, the food changes resulted in remarkable reciprocal changes in mucosal biomarkers of cancer risk and in aspects of the microbiota and metabolome known to affect cancer risk, best illustrated by increased saccharolytic fermentation and butyrogenesis, and suppressed secondary bile acid synthesis in the African Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J D O'Keefe
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Jia V Li
- Department of Surgery and Cancer and Centre for Digestive and Gut Health, Institution of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Leo Lahti
- 1] Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6703 HB, The Netherlands [2] Department of Veterinary Bioscience, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Junhai Ou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Franck Carbonero
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Khaled Mohammed
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Joram M Posma
- Department of Surgery and Cancer and Centre for Digestive and Gut Health, Institution of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - James Kinross
- Department of Surgery and Cancer and Centre for Digestive and Gut Health, Institution of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Elaine Wahl
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Elizabeth Ruder
- Division of Sports Medicine and Nutrition, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Kishore Vipperla
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | | | | | - Sebastian Tims
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6703 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Philippe G B Puylaert
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6703 HB, The Netherlands
| | - James DeLany
- Division of Endocrinology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Alyssa Krasinskas
- Division of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Ann C Benefiel
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Hatem O Kaseb
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Keith Newton
- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Jeremy K Nicholson
- Department of Surgery and Cancer and Centre for Digestive and Gut Health, Institution of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Willem M de Vos
- 1] Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6703 HB, The Netherlands [2] Department of Veterinary Bioscience, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland [3] RPU Immunolbiology, Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - H Rex Gaskins
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Erwin G Zoetendal
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6703 HB, The Netherlands
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Yang Y, Zhao LG, Wu QJ, Ma X, Xiang YB. Association between dietary fiber and lower risk of all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Am J Epidemiol 2015; 181:83-91. [PMID: 25552267 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwu257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although in vitro and in vivo experiments have suggested that dietary fiber might have beneficial effects on health, results on the association between fiber intake and all-cause mortality in epidemiologic studies have been inconsistent. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies to quantitatively assess this association. Pertinent studies were identified by searching articles in PubMed and Web of Knowledge through May 2014 and reviewing the reference lists of the retrieved articles. Study-specific risk estimates were combined using random-effects models. Seventeen prospective studies (1997-2014) that had a total of 67,260 deaths and 982,411 cohort members were included. When comparing persons with dietary fiber intakes in the top tertile with persons whose intakes were in the bottom tertile, we found a statistically significant inverse association between fiber intake and all-cause mortality, with an overall relative risk of 0.84 (95% confidence interval: 0.80, 0.87; I(2) = 41.2%). There was a 10% reduction in risk for per each 10-g/day increase in fiber intake (relative risk = 0.90; 95% confidence interval: 0.86, 0.94; I(2) = 77.2%). The combined estimate was robust across subgroup and sensitivity analyses. No publication bias was detected. A higher dietary fiber intake was associated with a reduced risk of death. These findings suggest that fiber intake may offer a potential public health benefit in reducing all-cause mortality.
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Abstract
Greater intake of dietary fiber has been associated with lower risk of several chronic diseases. Some observational studies have examined the association between dietary fiber intake and total mortality, but the results were inconclusive. We conducted a meta-analysis of data from prospective cohort studies to quantitatively assess the association. Eligible studies were identified by searching the PubMed and Embase databases for all articles published through November 30, 2013, and by reviewing the reference lists of retrieved articles. Study-specific estimates adjusting for potential confounders were combined to calculate a pooled relative risk and 95% confidence interval using a random-effects model. Seven prospective cohort studies of dietary fiber intake and total mortality, including 62,314 deaths among 908,135 participants, were identified. The pooled adjusted relative risk of total mortality for the highest category of dietary fiber intake versus the lowest was 0.77 (95% confidence interval: 0.74, 0.80). In a dose-response meta-analysis, the pooled adjusted relative risk for a 10-g/day increment of dietary fiber intake was 0.89 (95% confidence interval: 0.85, 0 92). By source of fiber, cereal and, to a lesser extent, vegetable fiber were significantly associated with lower total mortality, while fruit fiber showed no association. In conclusion, high dietary fiber intake may reduce the risk of total mortality.
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Burisch J, Pedersen N, Cukovic-Cavka S, Turk N, Kaimakliotis I, Duricova D, Bortlik M, Shonová O, Vind I, Avnstrøm S, Thorsgaard N, Krabbe S, Andersen V, Dahlerup JF, Kjeldsen J, Salupere R, Olsen J, Nielsen KR, Manninen P, Collin P, Katsanos KH, Tsianos EV, Ladefoged K, Lakatos L, Ragnarsson G, Björnsson E, Bailey Y, O'Morain C, Schwartz D, Odes S, Giannotta M, Girardin G, Kiudelis G, Kupcinskas L, Turcan S, Barros L, Magro F, Lazar D, Goldis A, Nikulina I, Belousova E, Martinez-Ares D, Hernandez V, Almer S, Zhulina Y, Halfvarson J, Arebi N, Tsai HH, Sebastian S, Lakatos PL, Langholz E, Munkholm P. Environmental factors in a population-based inception cohort of inflammatory bowel disease patients in Europe--an ECCO-EpiCom study. J Crohns Colitis 2014; 8:607-16. [PMID: 24315795 DOI: 10.1016/j.crohns.2013.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2013] [Revised: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing in Eastern Europe possibly due to changes in environmental factors towards a more "westernised" standard of living. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in exposure to environmental factors prior to diagnosis in Eastern and Western European IBD patients. METHODS The EpiCom cohort is a population-based, prospective inception cohort of 1560 unselected IBD patients from 31 European countries covering a background population of 10.1 million. At the time of diagnosis patients were asked to complete an 87-item questionnaire concerning environmental factors. RESULTS A total of 1182 patients (76%) answered the questionnaire, 444 (38%) had Crohn's disease (CD), 627 (53%) ulcerative colitis (UC), and 111 (9%) IBD unclassified. No geographic differences regarding smoking status, caffeine intake, use of oral contraceptives, or number of first-degree relatives with IBD were found. Sugar intake was higher in CD and UC patients from Eastern Europe than in Western Europe while fibre intake was lower (p<0.01). Daily consumption of fast food as well as appendectomy before the age of 20 was more frequent in Eastern European than in Western European UC patients (p<0.01). Eastern European CD and UC patients had received more vaccinations and experienced fewer childhood infections than Western European patients (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS In this European population-based inception cohort of unselected IBD patients, Eastern and Western European patients differed in environmental factors prior to diagnosis. Eastern European patients exhibited higher occurrences of suspected risk factors for IBD included in the Western lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Burisch
- Digestive Disease Centre, Medical Section, Herlev University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - N Pedersen
- Digestive Disease Centre, Medical Section, Herlev University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Cukovic-Cavka
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - N Turk
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - D Duricova
- IBD Center ISCARE, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Bortlik
- IBD Center ISCARE, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Shonová
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital České Budějovice, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - I Vind
- Department of Medicine, Amager Hospital, Amager, Denmark
| | - S Avnstrøm
- Department of Medicine, Amager Hospital, Amager, Denmark
| | - N Thorsgaard
- Department of Medicine, Herning Central Hospital, Herning, Denmark
| | - S Krabbe
- Medical Department, Viborg Regional Hospital, Viborg, Denmark
| | - V Andersen
- Medical Department, Viborg Regional Hospital, Viborg, Denmark; Organ Centre, Hospital of Southern Jutland, Aabenraa, Denmark; Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - J F Dahlerup
- Department of Medicine V (Hepatology and Gastroenterology), Aarhus University Hospital, Arhus, Denmark
| | - J Kjeldsen
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - R Salupere
- Division of Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - J Olsen
- Medical Department, The National Hospital of the Faroe Islands, Torshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - K R Nielsen
- Medical Department, The National Hospital of the Faroe Islands, Torshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - P Manninen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Alimentary Tract Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - P Collin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Alimentary Tract Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - K H Katsanos
- 1st Division of Internal Medicine and Hepato-Gastroenterology Unit, University Hospital, Ioannina, Greece
| | - E V Tsianos
- 1st Division of Internal Medicine and Hepato-Gastroenterology Unit, University Hospital, Ioannina, Greece
| | - K Ladefoged
- Medical Department, Dronning Ingrids Hospital, Nuuk, Greenland
| | - L Lakatos
- 1st Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - G Ragnarsson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - E Björnsson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Y Bailey
- Department of Gastroenterology, Adelaide and Meath Hospital, TCD, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C O'Morain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Adelaide and Meath Hospital, TCD, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D Schwartz
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Soroka Medical Center and Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - S Odes
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Soroka Medical Center and Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - M Giannotta
- Gastroenterology Unit, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - G Girardin
- U.O. Gastroenterologia, Azienda Ospedaliera - Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - G Kiudelis
- Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - L Kupcinskas
- Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - S Turcan
- Department of Gastroenterology, State University of Medicine and Pharmacy of the Republic of Moldova, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
| | - L Barros
- Hospital de Vale de Sousa, Porto, Portugal
| | - F Magro
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital de São João, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Oporto Medical School, Porto, Portugal; Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - D Lazar
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine 'Victor Babes', Timisoara, Romania
| | - A Goldis
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine 'Victor Babes', Timisoara, Romania
| | - I Nikulina
- Department of Gastroenterology, Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - E Belousova
- Department of Gastroenterology, Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - D Martinez-Ares
- Gastroenterology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - V Hernandez
- Gastroenterology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - S Almer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Gastroenterology/UHL, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Y Zhulina
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden
| | - J Halfvarson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden; School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - N Arebi
- St. Mark's Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - H H Tsai
- Hull and East Yorkshire NHS Trust, Hull and York Medical School, Hull Royal Infirmary, Hull, UK
| | - S Sebastian
- Hull and East Yorkshire NHS Trust, Hull and York Medical School, Hull Royal Infirmary, Hull, UK
| | - P L Lakatos
- 1st Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - E Langholz
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - P Munkholm
- Digestive Disease Centre, Medical Section, Herlev University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Pan WH. Reply to "Lower intake of magnesium and dietary fiber increases the incidence of type 2 diabetes in Taiwanese". J Formos Med Assoc 2013; 112:174. [PMID: 23473533 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2013.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
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Joob B, Wiwanitkit V. Magnesium, dietary fiber, and diabetes. J Formos Med Assoc 2013; 112:173. [PMID: 23473532 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
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Mohammed AA, Mekael FM. Encopresis in children. Outcome and predictive factors of successful management. Saudi Med J 2012; 33:648-653. [PMID: 22729120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To elucidate our experience and outcome in the management of childhood encopresis, and to emphasize the factors that may predict successful management. METHODS This prospective study was carried out between September 2003 and September 2011 in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Al-Thoura Teaching Hospital, Al-Beida and Al-Butnan Medical Teaching Center, Tobruk, Libya. RESULTS One hundred and thirty-two patients (117 male, 15 female) took part of the study. The male and female ratio was 7.8:1. The participants were patients aged 4-9 years. There were 30 (22.7%) patients between 4-5 years, 61 (46.2%) between 6-7 years, and 41 (31%) between 8-9 years. Nonretentive encopresis patients were 36 (27.2%) (Group I) and 96 (72.8%) patients had retentive encopresis (Group II). Patients with low fluid intake were 87 (65.9%) and low fiber diet were 91 (68.9%). Patients with delayed toilet training were 99 (75%). The total rate of successful conservative treatment was 70.5%. The rate of successful treatment in Group I was 94.4% and in Group II was 61.5%. We observed 18.2% of the patients had recurrence of encopresis. The factors found to predict good resolution rate after medical treatment included: cooperation of the parent and patient, female gender, ages above 5 years, and non-retentive encopresis. CONCLUSION Encopresis remains a problem for the parents and the patients. Clinical evaluation is indispensable. Good outcome can be achieved effectively. Cooperative parents and patient, female gender, age above 5 years, and nonretentive encopresis are predictors for good response to medical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan A Mohammed
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical Faculty, Omar Al-Mukhtar University, Al-Beida, PO Box 919, Libya.
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Crowe FL, Appleby PN, Allen NE, Key TJ. Diet and risk of diverticular disease in Oxford cohort of European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC): prospective study of British vegetarians and non-vegetarians. BMJ 2011; 343:d4131. [PMID: 21771850 PMCID: PMC3139912 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.d4131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the associations of a vegetarian diet and dietary fibre intake with risk of diverticular disease. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING The EPIC-Oxford study, a cohort of mainly health conscious participants recruited from around the United Kingdom. PARTICIPANTS 47,033 men and women living in England or Scotland of whom 15,459 (33%) reported consuming a vegetarian diet. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Diet group was assessed at baseline; intake of dietary fibre was estimated from a 130 item validated food frequency questionnaire. Cases of diverticular disease were identified through linkage with hospital records and death certificates. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the risk of diverticular disease by diet group and fifths of intake of dietary fibre were estimated with multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models. RESULTS After a mean follow-up time of 11.6 years, there were 812 cases of diverticular disease (806 admissions to hospital and six deaths). After adjustment for confounding variables, vegetarians had a 31% lower risk (relative risk 0.69, 95% confidence interval 0.55 to 0.86) of diverticular disease compared with meat eaters. The cumulative probability of admission to hospital or death from diverticular disease between the ages of 50 and 70 for meat eaters was 4.4% compared with 3.0% for vegetarians. There was also an inverse association with dietary fibre intake; participants in the highest fifth (≥25.5 g/day for women and ≥26.1 g/day for men) had a 41% lower risk (0.59, 0.46 to 0.78; P<0.001 trend) compared with those in the lowest fifth (<14 g/day for both women and men). After mutual adjustment, both a vegetarian diet and a higher intake of fibre were significantly associated with a lower risk of diverticular disease. CONCLUSIONS Consuming a vegetarian diet and a high intake of dietary fibre were both associated with a lower risk of admission to hospital or death from diverticular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca L Crowe
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, UK.
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11
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Chadeau-Hyam M, Athersuch TJ, Keun HC, De Iorio M, Ebbels TMD, Jenab M, Sacerdote C, Bruce SJ, Holmes E, Vineis P. Meeting-in-the-middle using metabolic profiling - a strategy for the identification of intermediate biomarkers in cohort studies. Biomarkers 2011. [PMID: 21114379 DOI: 10.3109/1354750x.201q.533285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Predictive disease risk biomarkers that can be linked to exposure have proved difficult to identify in case-control studies. METHODS Parallel statistical analysis of the correlation between (1)H NMR profiles from plasma samples collected before disease onset (EPIC cohort), versus exposure to dietary compounds, and follow-up disease endpoints (colon and breast cancer) was performed. RESULTS Metabonomic signatures associated with colon cancer and dietary fiber intake (a protective factor according to epidemiological studies) were identified. CONCLUSION This implementation of the novel "meet-in-the-middle" analytical strategy indicates how case-control studies nested in prospectively collected cohorts may reveal intermediate biomarkers linking exposure and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Chadeau-Hyam
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Mumford SL, Schisterman EF, Siega-Riz AM, Gaskins AJ, Wactawski-Wende J, VanderWeele TJ. Effect of dietary fiber intake on lipoprotein cholesterol levels independent of estradiol in healthy premenopausal women. Am J Epidemiol 2011; 173:145-56. [PMID: 21148240 PMCID: PMC3290909 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwq388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2010] [Accepted: 07/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
High-fiber diets are associated with improved lipid profiles. However, pre- and postmenopausal women respond differently to fiber intake, suggesting that endogenous estradiol mediates the effect. The authors' objective was to determine the direct effect of fiber intake on lipoprotein cholesterol levels independent of estradiol among premenopausal women. The BioCycle Study, a prospective cohort study conducted at the State University of New York at Buffalo from 2005 to 2007, followed 259 healthy women for up to 2 complete menstrual cycles. Serum lipoprotein and hormone levels were measured at 16 visits timed using fertility monitors. Fiber intake was assessed by 8 24-hour recalls. Marginal structural models with inverse probability weights for both lipoprotein and estradiol levels were used to estimate controlled direct effects of the highest category of fiber intake (≥22 g/day vs. <22 g/day) while accounting for age, body mass index, total energy, vitamin E intake, physical activity, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and progesterone. Reductions were observed in total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in women with higher fiber intakes. Direct effects were greater than total effects. These analyses suggested that estradiol mediates at least part of the association between fiber and cholesterol among premenopausal women. More research is needed to elucidate the biologic mechanisms driving these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Enrique F. Schisterman
- Correspondence to Dr. Enrique F. Schisterman, Epidemiology Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6100 Executive Blvd., 7B03, Rockville, MD 20852 (e-mail: )
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13
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Danjo K, Sakamoto J, Iwane S, Tamura K, Nakaji S, Fukuda S, Murakami H, Shimoyama T, Takahashi I, Umeda T. Effects of cellulose supplementation on fecal consistency and fecal weight. Dig Dis Sci 2008; 53:712-8. [PMID: 17763952 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-007-9938-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2007] [Accepted: 07/11/2007] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of cellulose supplementation on fecal consistency and fecal weight. About 26 women were classified into two groups-normal defecation and constipation groups. All subjects ate the following meals during the experiment: ordinary meals (first week), experimental meals (second week), and experimental meals mixed with 4 g (third week) and 8 g (fourth week) cellulose. The experimental meal contained 16.7 g fiber. Fecal weights, fecal water content, fecal consistency, and defecation frequency were measured during the experimental period. As a result, in the normal defecation group, the mean fecal weight was 222.9 g day(-1) in the first week, and thereafter decreased. Although 20/24 g of fiber intake in the third/fourth week increased the fecal weight to over 150 g, the fecal consistency was still lower than the optimal consistency of around 300 g cm(-2). However, these changes were not observed in the constipated group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuma Danjo
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan
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14
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van de Vijver LPL, van den Bosch LMC, van den Brandt PA, Goldbohm RA. Whole-grain consumption, dietary fibre intake and body mass index in the Netherlands cohort study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2007; 63:31-8. [PMID: 17895913 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the association of whole-grain and (cereal) fibre intake with body mass index (BMI) and with the risk of being overweight (BMI> or =25) or obese (BMI> or =30 kg m(-2)). SUBJECTS A total of 2078 men and 2159 women, aged 55-69 years, were included in the analysis, after exclusion of subjects with diagnosed cancer or deceased within 1 year after baseline or with missing dietary information. RESULTS We found an inverse association between whole-grain consumption and BMI and risk of overweight and obesity in men as well as women. The association in men was stronger than in women; the risk of being obese as compared to normal weight was 10% (95% CI: 2-16%) and 4% (95% CI: 1-7%) lower for each additional gram of (dry) grain consumption in men and women, respectively. Fibre and cereal fibre intake were inversely associated with BMI in men only. Associations were similar after exclusion of likely under- and overreporters of energy. A retrospective analysis of baseline fibre intake and weight gain after the age of 20 years also showed a slight inverse association. CONCLUSIONS Whole-grain consumption may protect against becoming overweight or obese; however, the cross-sectional design of the study does not allow conclusions about the causality of the association.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P L van de Vijver
- Department of Food and Chemical Risk Analysis, TNO Quality of Life, Zeist, The Netherlands
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15
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Abstract
Viscosity is a physicochemical property associated with dietary fibers, particularly soluble dietary fibers. Viscous dietary fibers thicken when mixed with fluids and include polysaccharides such as gums, pectins, psyllium, and beta-glucans. Although insoluble fiber particles may affect viscosity measurement, viscosity is not an issue regards insoluble dietary fibers. Viscous fibers have been credited for beneficial physiological responses in human, animal, and animal-alternative in vitro models. The following article provides a review of viscosity as related to dietary fiber including definitions and instrumentation, factors affecting viscosity of solutions, and effects of viscous polysaccharides on glycemic response, blood lipid attenuation, intestinal enzymatic activity, digestibility, and laxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl L Dikeman
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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Lim U, Schenk M, Kelemen LE, Davis S, Cozen W, Hartge P, Ward MH, Stolzenberg-Solomon R. Dietary determinants of one-carbon metabolism and the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: NCI-SEER case-control study, 1998-2000. Am J Epidemiol 2005; 162:953-64. [PMID: 16221809 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwi310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of dietary one-carbon determinants remains largely unexplored for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). In a population-based case-control study of non-African-American adult (aged 20-74 years) women and men from four US Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results study centers (Detroit, Michigan; Iowa; Los Angeles, California; and Seattle, Washington; 1998-2000), the authors examined folate; vitamins B2, B6, and B12; methionine; and a one-carbon antagonist, alcohol, in 425 incident NHL cases and 359 controls who completed a detailed food frequency questionnaire. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated by using unconditional logistic regression. Higher intake of one-carbon determinants from food was associated with a lower risk of NHL, but that for only vitamin B6 (highest vs. lowest quartile: odds ratio = 0.57, 95% confidence interval: 0.34, 0.95; p trend = 0.01) and methionine (odds ratio = 0.49, 95% confidence interval: 0.31, 0.76; p trend = 0.002) reached statistical significance. Folate from food was inversely associated with diffuse subtype (odds ratio = 0.47, 95% confidence interval: 0.23, 0.94; p trend = 0.03). The authors found no association between total (food plus supplement) vitamins and NHL. Nonusers of alcohol had an elevated NHL risk compared with users, and alcohol did not modify other nutrient-NHL associations. Findings suggest that one-carbon nutrients, particularly vitamin B6 and methionine, may be protective against NHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Lim
- Nutritional Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
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17
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Abstract
Smoking is the major risk factor for chronic respiratory symptoms, but dietary factors may also play a role. Most studies of diet and lung disease have been cross-sectional and conducted in populations with a Western-style diet. We analyzed the relation between dietary intake at baseline and new onset of cough with phlegm in a population-based cohort of 63,257 middle-aged Chinese men and women initiated in Singapore between 1993 and 1998. Beginning in 1999, we ascertained respiratory symptoms by telephone interview and have identified 571 incident cases of cough with phlegm among the 49,140 cohort members with completed follow-up. Nonstarch polysaccharides, a major component of dietary fiber, total fruit, and soy isoflavones had the strongest associations. Odds ratios comparing highest and lowest quartiles after adjustment for age, sex, dialect group, total energy intake, and smoking were 0.61 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.47, 0.78; p for trend < 0.001) for nonstarch polysaccharides, 0.67 (95% CI: 0.52, 0.87; p for trend = 0.006) for fruit, and 0.67 (95% CI: 0.53, 0.86; p for trend = 0.001) for soy isoflavones. These data suggest that a diet high in fiber from fruit and, possibly, soyfoods may reduce the incidence of chronic respiratory symptoms. Associated nutrients, such as flavonoids, may contribute to this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesley M Butler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
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Vítolo MR, Aguirre AN, Fagundes-Neto U, de Morais MB. [Estimated dietary fiber intake in children according to different food composition reference tables]. Arch Latinoam Nutr 1998; 48:141-5. [PMID: 9830489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The importance of dietary fiber intake in the prevention and treatment of adult diseases has been widely emphasized in the literature for several years. Recommendations for fiber intake by children have only recently began to be published. The present study estimated the fiber intake by children with or without constipation according to five food composition tables. We studied 114 children under 12 years of age, of whom 56 were constipated and 58 had normal bowel movements. We used a 24 hour recall questionnaire and fiber consumption was analysed by five food composition tables: 1. Association of Official Agricultural Chemist-AOAC, 2. Southgate, 3. Mendez, 4. Englyst and 5. crude fiber. The statistical analysis showed significant differences between the medians of the estimated fiber consumption calculated using all tables, except the AOAC and Southgate tables. The median value and percent is 25th and 75th presented between parenthesis were (grams/day): Mendez--15.4 (11.9-19.6); Southgate--10.5 (7.8-13.5); AOAC--10.2 (7.3-14.0); Englyst--4.5 (3.0-6.0) and crude fiber--2.1 (1.4-2.9). There were statistical significant correlations between all pairs of tables but the best correlation was observed between Mendez and Southgate (r = +0.90), AOAC and Southgate (r = +0.88); and Mendez and AOAC (r = +0.84). Constipated children presented lower estimated fiber intake than those with normal bowel movements, with statistical significance according to all tables. In conclusion, it is important to determine which reference table should be utilized when recommending dietary fiber.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Vítolo
- Departamento de Pediatria da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina
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