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Basurto E, González-Flores O, Hoffman K. Chronic MK-801 administration provokes persistent deficits in social memory in the prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster): A potential animal model for social deficits of schizophrenia. Behav Brain Res 2024; 465:114948. [PMID: 38479476 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
The prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster) is a rodent species that has been used extensively to study biological aspects of human social bonding. Nevertheless, this species has not been studied in the context of modeling social deficits characteristic of schizophrenia. Building on studies in rodents that show that sub-chronic administration of an NMDA receptor antagonist induces persistent behavioral and neurological characteristics of schizophrenia, we administered MK-801 (0.2 mg/kg, daily, for 7 days) or physiological saline to young adult (45 days old) virgin male voles. At 69 days of age, we paired these males with virgin females. 24 h later, we assessed the males' social investigation of each female across the first 5 min of a three-hour preference test, and side-by-side contact with each female during the last hour of the test. Unlike saline-treated males, MK-801-treated males did not preferentially investigate the unfamiliar female, indicating a deficit in social memory. Although males of both groups preferentially spent time with their female partner, regression analysis revealed that deficits in social memory predicted lower partner preference in MK-801-treated males. We interpret these results in the context of recent studies of the natural history of the prairie vole as well as in the context of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia and propose that the social component of episodic memory might influence an individual's capacity to form and maintain long-term social bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Basurto
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal Carlos Beyer, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, Panotla 90140, Mexico; Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - Oscar González-Flores
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal Carlos Beyer, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, Panotla 90140, Mexico
| | - Kurt Hoffman
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal Carlos Beyer, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, Panotla 90140, Mexico.
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Holden JM, Barbaro A, Azure K, Arth M. Acute MK-801 increases measures of both sign-tracking and goal-tracking in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2024; 238:173740. [PMID: 38447709 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2024.173740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Sign-tracking is a Pavlovian conditioned approach behavior thought to be important in understanding cue-driven relapse to drug use, and strategies for reducing sign-tracking may have some benefit in preventing relapse. A previous study successfully employed the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 in preventing the development of sign-tracking (but not goal-tracking) in a conditioned approach task. In this study, we focused on whether MK-801 would have similar effects on previously established sign-tracking behavior. MK-801 was administered after training in a standard sign-/goal-tracking task using a retractable lever as a conditioned stimulus and a sucrose pellet as unconditioned stimulus. It was found that MK-801 increased measures of both sign- and goal-tracking in subjects who had previously learned the task. The NMDA receptor appears to play a complex role in governing behavior related to sign-tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kiya Azure
- Winona State University, United States of America.
| | - Megan Arth
- Winona State University, United States of America.
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Cieślik P, Rafało-Ulińska A, Wierońska JM. Prevention of MK-801-induced amnestic effect with combined activation of 5-HT 1A and muscarinic receptors in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2024; 238:173749. [PMID: 38462045 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2024.173749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscarinic or 5-HT1A receptors are crucial in learning and memory processes, and their expression is evident in the brain areas involved in cognition. The administration of the activators of these receptors prevents the development of cognitive dysfunctions in animal models of schizophrenia induced by MK-801 (N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist) administration. GABAergic dysfunction is considered as one of the most important causes of MK-801-induced spatial learning deficits. METHODS Novel object recognition (NOR) and Morris water maze (MWM) tests were used to study the anti-amnestic effect of the biased 5-HT1A receptor agonist (F15599) alone or in combinations with VU0357017 (M1 receptor allosteric agonist), VU0152100 (M4 receptor positive allosteric modulator), and VU0238429 (M5 receptor positive allosteric modulator) on MK-801-induced dysfunctions. The compounds were administered for 5 consecutive days. Animals tested with the MWM underwent 5-day training. Western blotting was used to study the expressions of 5-HT1A receptors and the level of GAD65 in the frontal cortices (FCs) and hippocampi of the animals. RESULTS F15599 prevented the amnestic effect induced by MK-801 in the MWM at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg. The co-administration of the compound with muscarinic receptors activators had no synergistic effect. The additive effect of the combinations was evident in the prevention of declarative memory dysfunctions investigated in NOR. The administration of MK-801 impaired 5-HT1A expression in the hippocampi and decreased GAD65 levels in both the FCs and hippocampi. The administration of muscarinic ligands prevented these MK-801-induced deficits only in the hippocampi of MWM-trained animals. No effects of the compounds were observed in untrained mice. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that F15599 prevents schizophrenia-related spatial learning deficits in the MWM; however, the activity of the compound is not intensified with muscarinic receptors activators. In contrast, the combined administration of the ligands is effective in the NOR model of declarative memory. The muscarinic receptors activators reversed MK-801-induced 5-HT1A and GAD65 dysfunctions in the hippocampi of MWM-trained mice, but not in untrained mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Cieślik
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Neurobiology, 12 Smętna Street, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Rafało-Ulińska
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Neurobiology, 12 Smętna Street, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna M Wierońska
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Neurobiology, 12 Smętna Street, 31-343 Kraków, Poland.
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Lee J, Huh S, Park K, Kang N, Yu HS, Park HG, Kim YS, Kang UG, Won S, Kim SH. Behavioral and transcriptional effects of repeated electroconvulsive seizures in the neonatal MK-801-treated rat model of schizophrenia. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024; 241:817-832. [PMID: 38081977 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06511-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment modality for schizophrenia. However, its antipsychotic-like mechanism remains unclear. OBJECTIVES To gain insight into the antipsychotic-like actions of ECT, this study investigated how repeated treatments of electroconvulsive seizure (ECS), an animal model for ECT, affect the behavioral and transcriptomic profile of a neurodevelopmental animal model of schizophrenia. METHODS Two injections of MK-801 or saline were administered to rats on postnatal day 7 (PN7), and either repeated ECS treatments (E10X) or sham shock was conducted daily from PN50 to PN59. Ultimately, the rats were divided into vehicle/sham (V/S), MK-801/sham (M/S), vehicle/ECS (V/E), and MK-801/ECS (M/E) groups. On PN59, prepulse inhibition and locomotor activity were tested. Prefrontal cortex transcriptomes were analyzed with mRNA sequencing and network and pathway analyses, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analyses were subsequently conducted. RESULTS Prepulse inhibition deficit was induced by MK-801 and normalized by E10X. In M/S vs. M/E model, Egr1, Mmp9, and S100a6 were identified as center genes, and interleukin-17 (IL-17), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathways were identified as the three most relevant pathways. In the V/E vs. V/S model, mitophagy, NF-κB, and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) pathways were identified. qPCR analyses demonstrated that Igfbp6, Btf3, Cox6a2, and H2az1 were downregulated in M/S and upregulated in M/E. CONCLUSIONS E10X reverses the behavioral changes induced by MK-801 and produces transcriptional changes in inflammatory, insulin, and mitophagy pathways, which provide mechanistic insight into the antipsychotic-like mechanism of ECT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghoo Huh
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungtaek Park
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nuree Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sook Yu
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Geun Park
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sik Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ung Gu Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Won
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioinformatics, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- RexSoft Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hyun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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de Almeida V, Mendes ND, Zuccoli GS, Reis-de-Oliveira G, Almeida GM, Podolsky-Gondim GG, Neder L, Martins-de-Souza D, Sebollela A. NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist MK-801 induces proteome changes in adult human brain slices which are partially counteracted by haloperidol and clozapine. J Neurochem 2024; 168:238-250. [PMID: 38332572 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Deciphering the molecular pathways associated with N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAr) hypofunction and its interaction with antipsychotics is necessary to advance our understanding of the basis of schizophrenia, as well as our capacity to treat this disease. In this regard, the development of human brain-derived models that are amenable to studying the neurobiology of schizophrenia may contribute to filling the gaps left by the widely employed animal models. Here, we assessed the proteomic changes induced by the NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist MK-801 on human brain slice cultures obtained from adult donors submitted to respective neurosurgery. Initially, we demonstrated that MK-801 diminishes NMDA glutamate receptor signaling in human brain slices in culture. Next, using mass-spectrometry-based proteomics and systems biology in silico analyses, we found that MK-801 led to alterations in proteins related to several pathways previously associated with schizophrenia pathophysiology, including ephrin, opioid, melatonin, sirtuin signaling, interleukin 8, endocannabinoid, and synaptic vesicle cycle. We also evaluated the impact of both typical and atypical antipsychotics on MK-801-induced proteome changes. Interestingly, the atypical antipsychotic clozapine showed a more significant capacity to counteract the protein alterations induced by NMDAr hypofunction than haloperidol. Finally, using our dataset, we identified potential modulators of the MK-801-induced proteome changes, which may be considered promising targets to treat NMDAr hypofunction in schizophrenia. This dataset is publicly available and may be helpful in further studies aimed at evaluating the effects of MK-801 and antipsychotics in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria de Almeida
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Niele Dias Mendes
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giuliana S Zuccoli
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Reis-de-Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Glaucia M Almeida
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Gozzoli Podolsky-Gondim
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciano Neder
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Martins-de-Souza
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores em Neuropsiquiatria (INBION) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Experimental Medicine Research Cluster (EMRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriano Sebollela
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Kasuga Y, Hu A, Kawakami Z, Tabuchi M, Yamaguchi T, Kobayashi H, Ikeda S. Suppressive effect of Yokukansan on glutamate released from canine keratinocytes. Open Vet J 2024; 14:683-691. [PMID: 38549576 PMCID: PMC10970127 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2024.v14.i2.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is caused by skin barrier dysfunction due to allergen exposure. Excessive glutamate release in the skin is associated with delayed skin barrier function recovery and epidermal thickening and lichenification. Treatment with Yokukansan (YKS), a traditional Japanese medicine, reduces dermatitis severity and scratching behavior in NC/Nga mice by decreasing epidermal glutamate levels. However, the association between canine keratinocytes and glutamate and the mechanism by which YKS inhibits glutamate release from keratinocytes remains unknown. Aim We aimed to investigate glutamate release from canine progenitor epidermal keratinocytes (CPEKs) and the inhibitory effect of YKS on this release. We also explored the underlying mechanism of YKS to enable its application in CAD treatment. Methods Glutamate produced from CPEKs in the medium at 24 hours was measured. The measurement conditions varied in terms of cell density and YKS concentration. CPEKs were treated with a glutamate receptor antagonist (MK-801), a glutamate transporter antagonist (THA), and a glutamate dehydrogenase inhibitor (epigallocatechin gallate; EGCG), and the inhibitory effect of YKS, YKS + THA, MK-801, and EGCG on this release was determined. MK-801 and glutamate dehydrogenase inhibitor were tested alone, and THA was tested in combination with YKS. Finally, glutamine incorporated into CPEKs at 24 hours was measured using radioisotope labeling. Results CPEKs released glutamate in a cell density-dependent manner, inhibited by YKS in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, YKS reduced the intracellular uptake of radioisotope-labeled glutamine in a concentration-dependent manner. No involvement of glutamate receptor antagonism or activation of glutamate transporters was found, as suggested by previous studies. In addition, EGCG could inhibit glutamate release from CPEKs. Conclusion Our findings indicated that glutamate release from CPEKs could be effectively inhibited by YKS, suggesting the utility of YKS in maintaining skin barrier function during CAD. In addition, CPEKs are appropriate for analyzing the mechanism of YKS. However, we found that the mechanism of action of YKS differs from that reported in previous studies, suggesting that it may have had a similar effect to EGCG in this study. Further research is warranted to understand the exact mechanism and clinical efficacy in treating CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichiro Kasuga
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ailing Hu
- Center for Advanced Kampo Medicine and Clinical Research, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Zenji Kawakami
- Center for Advanced Kampo Medicine and Clinical Research, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tabuchi
- Center for Advanced Kampo Medicine and Clinical Research, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuji Yamaguchi
- Center for Advanced Kampo Medicine and Clinical Research, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kobayashi
- Center for Advanced Kampo Medicine and Clinical Research, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigaku Ikeda
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Aghamiri H, Jafari-Sabet M, Hoormand M. Ameliorative Effect of Cannabidiol on Topiramate-Induced Memory Loss: The Role of Hippocampal and Prefrontal Cortical NMDA Receptors and CREB/BDNF Signaling Pathways in Rats. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:363-378. [PMID: 37814133 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-04041-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a promising neurological agent with potential beneficial effects on memory and cognitive function. The combination of CBD and topiramate in the treatment of some neurological diseases has been of great interest. Since Topiramate-induced memory loss is a major drawback of its clinical application and the overall effect of the combination of CBD and topiramate on memory is still unclear, here we investigated the effect of CBD on topiramate-induced memory loss and the underlying molecular mechanisms. A one trial step-through inhibitory test was used to evaluate memory consolidation in rats. Moreover, the role of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) in the combination of CBD and topiramate in memory consolidation was evaluated through the intra-CA1 administration of MK-801 and NMDA. Western blot analysis was used to evaluate variations in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and phosphorylated cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (pCREB)/CREB ratio in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HPC). While the intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of topiramate (50, 75, and 100 mg/kg) significantly reduced inhibitory time latency, the i.p. administration of CBD (20 and 40 mg/kg) could effectively reverse these effects. Similarly, the sub-effective doses of NMDA plus CBD (10 mg/kg) could improve the topiramate-induced memory loss along with an enhancement in BDNF and pCREB expression in the PFC and HPC. Contrarily, the administration of sub-effective doses of the NMDAR antagonist (MK-801) diminished the protective effects of CBD (20 mg/kg) on topiramate-induced memory loss associated with decreased BDNF and pCREB levels in the PFC and HPC. These findings suggest that CBD can improve topiramate-induced memory impairment, partially by the NMDARs of the PFC and HPC, possibly regulated by the CREB/BDNF signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helia Aghamiri
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Jafari-Sabet
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
- Razi Drug Research Center, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahmood Hoormand
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Razi Drug Research Center, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Płoska A, Siekierzycka A, Cieślik P, Dobrucki LW, Kalinowski L, Wierońska JM. The Impact of LY487379 or CDPPB on eNOS Expression in the Mouse Brain and the Effect of Joint Administration of Compounds with NO • Releasers on MK-801- or Scopolamine-Driven Cognitive Dysfunction in Mice. Molecules 2024; 29:627. [PMID: 38338372 PMCID: PMC10856750 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the regulation of a variety of biological processes is well established, and its dysfunction contributes to brain pathologies, including schizophrenia or Alzheimer's disease (AD). Positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors were shown to be effective procognitive compounds, but little is known about their impact on eNOS expression and stability. Here, we investigated the influence of the acute and chronic administration of LY487379 or CDPPB (mGlu2 and mGlu5 PAMs), on eNOS expression in the mouse brain and the effect of the joint administration of the ligands with nitric oxide (NO) releasers, spermineNONOate or DETANONOate, in different combinations of doses, on MK-801- or scopolamine-induced amnesia in the novel object recognition (NOR) test. Our results indicate that both compounds provoked eNOS monomer formation, and CDPPB at a dose of 5 mg/kg exaggerated the effect of MK-801 or scopolamine. The coadministration of spermineNONOate or DETANONOate enhanced the antiamnesic effect of CDPPB or LY487379. The best activity was observed for ineffective or moderate dose combinations. The results indicate that treatment with mGluR2 and mGluR5 PAMs may be burdened with the risk of promoting eNOS uncoupling through the induction of dimer dissociation. Administration of the lowest possible doses of the compounds with NO• donors, which themselves have procognitive efficacy, may be proposed for the treatment of schizophrenia or AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Płoska
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics—Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Debinki Street, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.P.); (A.S.); (L.W.D.)
| | - Anna Siekierzycka
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics—Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Debinki Street, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.P.); (A.S.); (L.W.D.)
| | - Paulina Cieślik
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Lawrence W. Dobrucki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics—Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Debinki Street, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.P.); (A.S.); (L.W.D.)
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Carle-Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Leszek Kalinowski
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics—Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Debinki Street, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.P.); (A.S.); (L.W.D.)
- BioTechMed Center, Department of Mechanics of Materials and Structures, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Steet, 80-223 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Joanna M. Wierońska
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Krakow, Poland;
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Adraoui FW, Hettak K, Viardot G, Alix M, Guiffard S, Meot B, L’Hostis P, Maurin A, Delpy E, Drieu La Rochelle C, Carvalho K. Differential Effects of Aripiprazole on Electroencephalography-Recorded Gamma-Band Auditory Steady-State Response, Spontaneous Gamma Oscillations and Behavior in a Schizophrenia Rat Model. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1035. [PMID: 38256109 PMCID: PMC10815955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The available antipsychotics for schizophrenia (SZ) only reduce positive symptoms and do not significantly modify SZ neurobiology. This has raised the question of the robustness and translational value of methods employed during drug development. Electroencephalography (EEG)-based measures like evoked and spontaneous gamma oscillations are considered robust translational biomarkers as they can be recorded in both patients and animal models to probe a key mechanism underlying all SZ symptoms: the excitation/inhibition imbalance mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAr) hypofunction. Understanding the effects of commercialized atypical antipsychotics on such measures could therefore contribute to developing better therapies for SZ. Yet, the effects of such drugs on these EEG readouts are unknown. Here, we studied the effect of the atypical antipsychotic aripiprazole on the gamma-band auditory steady-state response (ASSR), spontaneous gamma oscillations and behavioral features in a SZ rat model induced by the NMDAr antagonist MK-801. Interestingly, we found that aripiprazole could not normalize MK-801-induced abnormalities in ASSR, spontaneous gamma oscillations or social interaction while it still improved MK-801-induced hyperactivity. Suggesting that aripiprazole is unable to normalize electrophysiological features underlying SZ symptoms, our results might explain aripiprazole's inefficacy towards the social interaction deficit in our model but also its limited efficacy against social symptoms in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian W. Adraoui
- Biotrial, Non-Clinical Pharmacology Department, 7-9 Rue Jean-Louis Bertrand, 35000 Rennes, France; (F.W.A.)
| | - Kenza Hettak
- Biotrial, Non-Clinical Pharmacology Department, 7-9 Rue Jean-Louis Bertrand, 35000 Rennes, France; (F.W.A.)
| | - Geoffrey Viardot
- Biotrial, Neuroscience Department, 6 Avenue de Bruxelles, 68350 Brunstatt-Didenheim, France
| | - Magali Alix
- Biotrial, Non-Clinical Pharmacology Department, 7-9 Rue Jean-Louis Bertrand, 35000 Rennes, France; (F.W.A.)
| | - Sabrina Guiffard
- Biotrial, Non-Clinical Pharmacology Department, 7-9 Rue Jean-Louis Bertrand, 35000 Rennes, France; (F.W.A.)
| | - Benoît Meot
- Biotrial, Non-Clinical Pharmacology Department, 7-9 Rue Jean-Louis Bertrand, 35000 Rennes, France; (F.W.A.)
| | - Philippe L’Hostis
- Biotrial, Neuroscience Department, 7-9 Rue Jean-Louis Bertrand, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Anne Maurin
- Biotrial, Non-Clinical Pharmacology Department, 7-9 Rue Jean-Louis Bertrand, 35000 Rennes, France; (F.W.A.)
| | - Eric Delpy
- Biotrial, Non-Clinical Pharmacology Department, 7-9 Rue Jean-Louis Bertrand, 35000 Rennes, France; (F.W.A.)
| | | | - Kevin Carvalho
- Biotrial, Non-Clinical Pharmacology Department, 7-9 Rue Jean-Louis Bertrand, 35000 Rennes, France; (F.W.A.)
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10
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Pan TY, Pan YJ, Tsai SJ, Tsai CW, Yang FY. Focused Ultrasound Stimulates the Prefrontal Cortex and Prevents MK-801-Induced Psychiatric Symptoms of Schizophrenia in Rats. Schizophr Bull 2024; 50:120-131. [PMID: 37301986 PMCID: PMC10754174 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbad078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Treatment of schizophrenia remains a major challenge. Recent studies have focused on glutamatergic signaling hypoactivity through N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) improves behavioral deficits and ameliorates neuropathology in dizocilpine (MK-801)-treated rats. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of LIPUS against psychiatric symptoms and anxiety-like behaviors. STUDY DESIGN Rats assigned to 4 groups were pretreated with or without LIPUS for 5 days. The open field and prepulse inhibition tests were performed after saline or MK-801 (0.3 mg/kg) administration. Then, the neuroprotective effects of LIPUS on the MK-801-treated rats were evaluated using western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. STUDY RESULTS LIPUS stimulation of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) prevented deficits in locomotor activity and sensorimotor gating and improved anxiety-like behavior. MK-801 downregulated the expression of NR1, the NMDA receptor, in rat medial PFC (mPFC). NR1 expression was significantly higher in animals receiving LIPUS pretreatment compared to those receiving only MK-801. In contrast, a significant increase in c-Fos-positive cells in the mPFC and ventral tegmental area was observed in the MK-801-treated rats compared to those receiving only saline; this change was suppressed by pretreatment with LIPUS. CONCLUSIONS This study provides new evidence for the role of LIPUS stimulation in regulating the NMDA receptor and modulating c-Fos activity, which makes it a potentially valuable antipsychotic treatment for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Yu Pan
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Pan
- Department of Psychiatry, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Che-Wen Tsai
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Yi Yang
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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11
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Shah NM, Ghazaryan N, Gonzaga NL, Paclibar CG, Biju AP, Liang C, Mukherjee J. Glutamate's Effects on the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) Receptor Ion Channel in Alzheimer's Disease Brain: Challenges for PET Radiotracer Development for Imaging the NMDA Ion Channel. Molecules 2023; 29:20. [PMID: 38202606 PMCID: PMC10779680 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In an effort to further understand the challenges facing in vivo imaging probe development for the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor ion channel, we have evaluated the effect of glutamate on the Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain. Human post-mortem AD brain slices of the frontal cortex and anterior cingulate were incubated with [3H]MK-801 and adjacent sections were tested for Aβ and Tau. The binding of [3H]MK-801 was measured in the absence and presence of glutamate and glycine. Increased [3H]MK-801 binding in AD brains was observed at baseline and in the presence of glutamate, indicating a significant increase (>100%) in glutamate-induced NMDA ion channel activity in AD brains compared to cognitively normal brains. The glycine effect was lower, suggesting a decrease of the co-agonist effect of glutamate and glycine in the AD brain. Our preliminary findings suggest that the targeting of the NMDA ion channel as well as the glutamate site may be appropriate in the diagnosis and treatment of AD. However, the low baseline levels of [3H]MK-801 binding in the frontal cortex and anterior cingulate in the absence of glutamate and glycine indicate significant hurdles for in vivo imaging probe development and validation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jogeshwar Mukherjee
- Preclinical Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (N.M.S.); (N.G.); (N.L.G.); (C.G.P.); (A.P.B.); (C.L.)
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12
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Leite AKO, Farias CP, Schmidt BE, Teixeira L, Rieder AS, Furini CRG, Wyse ATS. The Post-conditioning Acute Strength Exercise Facilitates Contextual Fear Memory Consolidation Via Hippocampal N-methyl-D-aspartate-receptors. Neuroscience 2023; 535:88-98. [PMID: 37925051 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
The benefits of aerobic exercises for memory are known, but studies of strength training on memory consolidation are still scarce. Exercise stimulates the release of metabolites and myokines that reaching the brain stimulate the activation of NMDA-receptors and associated pathways related to cognition and synaptic plasticity. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the acute strength exercise could promote the consolidation of a weak memory. We also investigated whether the effects of strength exercise on memory consolidation and on the BDNF and synapsin I levels depends on the activation of NMDA-receptors. Male Wistar rats were submitted to strength exercise session after a weak training in contextual fear conditioning paradigm to investigate the induction of memory consolidation. To investigate the participation of NMDA-receptors animals were submitted to contextual fear training and strength exercise and infused with MK801 or saline immediately after exercise. To investigate the participation of NMDA-receptors in BDNF and synapsin I levels the animals were submitted to acute strength exercise and infused with MK801 or saline immediately after exercise (in absence of behavior experiment). Results showed that exercise induced the consolidation of a weak memory and this effect was dependent on the activation of NMDA-receptors. The hippocampal overexpression of BDNF and Synapsin I through exercise where NMDA-receptors dependent. Our findings showed that strength exercise strengthened fear memory consolidation and modulates the overexpression of BDNF and synapsin I through the activation of NMDA-receptors dependent signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Karla Oliveira Leite
- Postgraduate Program in Translational Neuroscience, PGNET, National Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Clarissa Penha Farias
- Postgraduate Program in Translational Neuroscience, PGNET, National Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Bianca Estefani Schmidt
- Postgraduate Program in Translational Neuroscience, PGNET, National Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lucas Teixeira
- Neuroprotection and Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory (Wyse's Lab), Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Schmitt Rieder
- Neuroprotection and Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory (Wyse's Lab), Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane R G Furini
- Laboratory of Cognition and Memory Neurobiology, Brain Institute, Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6690 - 3rd Floor, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Angela T S Wyse
- Postgraduate Program in Translational Neuroscience, PGNET, National Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Neuroprotection and Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory (Wyse's Lab), Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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13
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Ragnarsson L, Zhang Z, Das SS, Tran P, Andersson Å, des Portes V, Desmettre Altuzarra C, Remerand G, Labalme A, Chatron N, Sanlaville D, Lesca G, Anggono V, Vetter I, Keramidas A. GRIN1 variants associated with neurodevelopmental disorders reveal channel gating pathomechanisms. Epilepsia 2023; 64:3377-3388. [PMID: 37734923 PMCID: PMC10952597 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are expressed at synaptic sites, where they mediate fast excitatory neurotransmission. NMDA receptors are critical to brain development and cognitive function. Natural variants to the GRIN1 gene, which encodes the obligatory GluN1 subunit of the NMDA receptor, are associated with severe neurological disorders that include epilepsy, intellectual disability, and developmental delay. Here, we investigated the pathogenicity of three missense variants to the GRIN1 gene, p. Ile148Val (GluN1-3b[I481V]), p.Ala666Ser (GluN1-3b[A666S]), and p.Tyr668His (GluN1-3b[Y668H]). METHODS Wild-type and variant-containing NMDA receptors were expressed in HEK293 cells and primary hippocampal neurons. Patch-clamp electrophysiology and pharmacology were used to profile the functional properties of the receptors. Receptor surface expression was evaluated using fluorescently tagged receptors and microscopy. RESULTS Our data demonstrate that the GluN1(I481V) variant is inhibited by the open pore blockers ketamine and memantine with reduce potency but otherwise has little effect on receptor function. By contrast, the other two variants exhibit gain-of-function molecular phenotypes. Glycine sensitivity was enhanced in receptors containing the GluN1(A666S) variant and the potency of pore block by memantine and ketamine was reduced, whereas that for MK-801 was increased. The most pronounced functional deficits, however, were found in receptors containing the GluN1(Y668H) variant. GluN1(Y668H)/2A receptors showed impaired surface expression, were more sensitive to glycine and glutamate by an order of magnitude, and exhibited impaired block by extracellular magnesium ions, memantine, ketamine, and MK-801. These variant receptors were also activated by either glutamate or glycine alone. Single-receptor recordings revealed that this receptor variant opened to several conductance levels and activated more frequently than wild-type GluN1/2A receptors. SIGNIFICANCE Our study reveals a critical functional locus of the receptor (GluN1[Y668]) that couples receptor gating to ion channel conductance, which when mutated may be associated with neurological disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotten Ragnarsson
- Institute for Molecular BioscienceUniversity of QueenslandSt. LuciaQueenslandAustralia
| | - Zihan Zhang
- Institute for Molecular BioscienceUniversity of QueenslandSt. LuciaQueenslandAustralia
| | - Sooraj S. Das
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain InstituteUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Poanna Tran
- Institute for Molecular BioscienceUniversity of QueenslandSt. LuciaQueenslandAustralia
| | - Åsa Andersson
- Institute for Molecular BioscienceUniversity of QueenslandSt. LuciaQueenslandAustralia
| | | | | | - Ganaelle Remerand
- Department of Neonatology, Estaing HospitalCentre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU)Clermont‐FerrandFrance
| | - Audrey Labalme
- Service de Génétique, Hospices Civils de LyonGroupement Hospitalier EstBronFrance
| | - Nicolas Chatron
- Service de Génétique, Hospices Civils de LyonGroupement Hospitalier EstBronFrance
| | - Damien Sanlaville
- Service de Génétique, Hospices Civils de LyonGroupement Hospitalier EstBronFrance
| | - Gaetan Lesca
- Service de Génétique, Hospices Civils de LyonGroupement Hospitalier EstBronFrance
| | - Victor Anggono
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain InstituteUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Irina Vetter
- Institute for Molecular BioscienceUniversity of QueenslandSt. LuciaQueenslandAustralia
| | - Angelo Keramidas
- Institute for Molecular BioscienceUniversity of QueenslandSt. LuciaQueenslandAustralia
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14
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Sırrı Akosman M, Türkmen R, Demirel HH. The protective effect of N-acetylcysteine against MK-801-induced neurodegeneration in mice. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:10287-10299. [PMID: 37971568 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08881-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurological disorders result in not only a decline in the quality of life of patients but also a global economic burden. Therefore, protective medicine becomes more important for society. MK-801 is a chemical agent used to understand the etiology of behavioral disorders and brain degeneration in animal models. This study aims to determine whether N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is useful to treat brain degeneration caused by MK-801, an N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor antagonist. METHODS AND RESULTS Four groups were formed by dividing 24 male BALB/c mice into groups of six. The control group was given a saline solution (10 ml/kg-i.p.). MK-801 (1 mg/kg-i.p.) was given alone to one group, and it was given with NAC (100 mg/kg-i.p.) to another group, while the last group was given only NAC (100 mg/kg-i.p.). The administration of drugs lasted for fourteen days. After the behavioral tests (open field and elevated plus-maze), all animals were euthanised, and brain tissues were collected for real-time PCR, TAS-TOS analysis, hematoxylin-eosin, Kluver-Barrera, and TUNEL staining. In the MK-801 group, besides nuclear shrinkage in neurons, glial cell infiltration, vacuolization in cortical neurons, white matter damage, and apoptosis were observed. CONCLUSION In the mice given NAC as a protective agent, it was observed that behavioral problems improved, antioxidant levels increased, and nuclear shrinkage, glial cell infiltration, vacuolization in neurons, and white matter degeneration were prevented. Moreover, MBP expression increased, and the number of TUNEL-positive cells significantly decreased. As a result, it was observed that NAC may have a protective effect against brain degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Sırrı Akosman
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyon, 03200, Turkey.
| | - Ruhi Türkmen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyon, 03200, Turkey
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15
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Janus A, Lustyk K, Pytka K. MK-801 and cognitive functions: Investigating the behavioral effects of a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023; 240:2435-2457. [PMID: 37725119 PMCID: PMC10640442 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06454-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE MK-801 (dizocilpine) is a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist originally explored for anticonvulsant potential. Despite its original purpose, its amnestic properties led to the development of pivotal models of various cognitive impairments widely employed in research and greatly impacting scientific progress. MK-801 offers several advantages; however, it also presents drawbacks, including inducing dose-dependent hyperlocomotion or ambiguous effects on anxiety, which can impact the interpretation of behavioral research results. OBJECTIVES The present review attempts to summarize and discuss the effects of MK-801 on different types of memory and cognitive functions in animal studies. RESULTS A plethora of behavioral research suggests that MK-801 can detrimentally impact cognitive functions. The specific effect of this compound is influenced by variables including developmental stage, gender, species, strain, and, crucially, the administered dose. Notably, when considering the undesirable effects of MK-801, doses up to 0.1 mg/kg were found not to induce stereotypy or hyperlocomotion. CONCLUSION Dizocilpine continues to be of significant importance in preclinical research, facilitating the exploration of various procognitive therapeutic agents. However, given its potential undesirable effects, it is imperative to meticulously determine the appropriate dosages and conduct supplementary evaluations for any undesirable outcomes, which could complicate the interpretation of the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Janus
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Klaudia Lustyk
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Pytka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland.
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16
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Gattuso JJ, Wilson C, Hannan AJ, Renoir T. Acute administration of the NMDA receptor antagonists ketamine and MK-801 reveals dysregulation of glutamatergic signalling and sensorimotor gating in the Sapap3 knockout mouse model of compulsive-like behaviour. Neuropharmacology 2023; 239:109689. [PMID: 37597609 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterised by excessive intrusive thoughts that may cause an individual to engage in compulsive behaviours. Frontline pharmacological treatments (i.e., selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)) leave approximately 40% of patients refractory to treatment. To investigate the possibility of novel pharmacological therapies for OCD, as well as the potential mechanisms underlying its pathology, we used the Sapap3 knockout (KO) mouse model of OCD, which exhibits increased anxiety and compulsive grooming behaviours. Firstly, we investigated whether administration of the NMDA receptor (NMDAR) antagonist ketamine (30 mg/kg), would reduce anxiety and grooming behaviour in Sapap3 KO mice. Anxiety-like behaviour was measured via time spent in the light component of the light-dark box test. Grooming behaviour was recorded and scored in freely moving mice. In line with previous works conducted in older animals (i.e. typically between 6 and 9 months of age), we confirmed here that Sapap3 KO mice exhibit an anxious, compulsive grooming, hypolocomotive and reduced body weight phenotype even at a younger age (i.e., 2-3 months of age). However, we found that acute administration of ketamine did not cause a reduction in anxiety or grooming behaviour. We then investigated in vivo glutamatergic function via the administration of a different NMDAR antagonist, MK-801 (0.25 mg/kg), prior to locomotion and prepulse inhibition assays. We found evidence of altered functional NMDAR activity, as well as sexually dimorphic prepulse inhibition, a measure of sensorimotor gating, in Sapap3 KO mice. These results are suggestive of in vivo glutamatergic dysfunction and their functional consequences, enabling future research to further investigate novel treatments for OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Gattuso
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Carey Wilson
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Anthony J Hannan
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Thibault Renoir
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
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Su T, Lu Y, Fu C, Geng Y, Chen Y. GluN2A mediates ketamine-induced rapid antidepressant-like responses. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:1751-1761. [PMID: 37709995 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01436-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Ketamine was thought to induce rapid antidepressant responses by inhibiting GluN2B-containing N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors (NMDARs), which presents a promising opportunity to develop better antidepressants. However, adverse side effects limit the broader application of ketamine and GluN2B inhibitors are yet to be approved for clinical use. It is unclear whether ketamine acts solely through GluN2B-dependent mechanisms. The present study reports that the loss of another major NMDAR subunit, GluN2A, in adult mouse brains elicits robust antidepressant-like responses with limited impact on the behaviors that mimic the psychomimetic effects of ketamine. The antidepressant-like behavioral effects of broad NMDAR channel blockers, such as ketamine and MK-801 (dizocilpine), were mediated by the suppression of GluN2A, but not by the inhibition of GluN2B. Moreover, treatment with ketamine or MK-801 rapidly increased the intrinsic excitability of hippocampal principal neurons through GluN2A, but not GluN2B. Together, these findings indicate that GluN2A mediates ketamine-triggered rapid antidepressant-like responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonghui Su
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Synphatec (Shanghai) Biopharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chaoying Fu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Geng
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- Synphatec (Shanghai) Biopharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yelin Chen
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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Zhang C, Niu JG, Kong XR, Mi XJ, Liu Q, Chen FF, Rong WF, Liu J. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 deficiency impairs adult hippocampal neurogenesis in mice with schizophrenia. J Chem Neuroanat 2023; 132:102319. [PMID: 37495162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2023.102319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to confirm that G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) deficiency affects cognitive function by reducing hippocampal neurogenesis via the PKA/ERK/IGF-I signaling pathway in mice with schizophrenia (SZ). METHODS Mice were divided into four groups, namely, KO Con, WT Con, KO Con, and WT SZ (n = 12 in each group). All mice were accustomed to the behavioral equipment overnight in the testing service room. The experimental conditions were consistent with those in the animal house. Forced swimming test and Y-maze test were conducted. Neuronal differentiation and maturation were detected using immunofluorescence and confocal imaging. The protein in the PKA/ERK/IGF-I signaling pathway was tested using Western blot analysis. RESULTS GPER1 KO aggravated depression during forced swimming test and decreased cognitive ability during Y-maze test in the mouse model of dizocilpine maleate (MK-801)-induced SZ. Immunofluorescence and confocal imaging results demonstrated that GPER1 knockout reduced adult hippocampal dentate gyrus neurogenesis. Furthermore, GPER1-KO aggravated the hippocampal damage induced by MK-801 in mice through the PKA/ERK/IGF-I signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS GPER1 deficiency reduced adult hippocampal neurogenesis and neuron survival by regulating the PKA/ERK/IGF-I signaling pathway in the MK-801-induced mouse model of SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Jian-Guo Niu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xue-Rui Kong
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Mi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Fei-Fei Chen
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Wei-Fang Rong
- Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Juan Liu
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China.
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Kosenko EA, Alilova GA, Tikhonova LA. Impaired Enzymatic Antioxidant Defense in Erythrocytes of Rats with Ammonia-Induced Encephalopathy: Role of NMDA Receptors. Biochemistry (Mosc) 2023; 88:1404-1415. [PMID: 37770406 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923090195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE), a neuropsychiatric disorder developing in patients with severe hepatic dysfunction, has been known for more than a century. However, pathogenetic mechanisms of cerebral dysfunction associated with liver disease are still poorly understood. There is a consensus that the primary cause of HE is accumulation of ammonia in the brain as a result of impaired liver detoxification capacity or the portosystemic shunt. Current evidence suggests that ammonia toxicity is mediated by hyperactivation of glutamate receptors, mainly N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), and affects brain aerobic metabolism, which provides energy for multiple specific functions and neuronal viability. Recent reports on the presence of functional NMDARs in erythrocytes and the data on the deviations of blood parameters from their normal ranges indicate impaired hemodynamics and reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of erythrocytes in most patients with HE, thus suggesting a relationship between erythrocyte damage and cerebral dysfunction. In order to understand how hyperammonemia (HA)-induced disturbances in the energy metabolism in the brain (which needs a constant supply of large amounts of oxygen in the blood) lead to encephalopathy, it is necessary to reveal ammonia-induced impairments in the energy metabolism and antioxidant defense system of erythrocytes and to explore a potential role of ammonia in reduced brain oxygenation. To identify the said missing link, the activities of antioxidant enzymes and concentrations of reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and H2O2 were measured in the erythrocytes of rats with HA that were injected with the noncompetitive NMDAR antagonist MK-801. We found that in rats with HA, ammonia was accumulated in erythrocytes (cells lacking ammonia removal enzymes), which made them more susceptible to the prooxidant environment created during oxidative stress. This effect was completely or partially inhibited by MK-801. The data obtained might help to identify the risk factors in cognitive disorders and facilitate prediction of unfavorable outcomes of hypoperfusion in patients with a blood elevated ammonia concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A Kosenko
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
| | - Gubidat A Alilova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Lyudmila A Tikhonova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
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20
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Sampedro-Viana D, Cañete T, Sanna F, Oliveras I, Lavín V, Torrecilla P, Río-Álamos C, Tapias-Espinosa C, Sánchez-González A, Tobeña A, Fernández-Teruel A. Atypical antipsychotics attenuate MK801-induced social withdrawal and hyperlocomotion in the RHA rat model of schizophrenia-relevant features. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023; 240:1931-1945. [PMID: 37442829 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06411-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The administration of NMDA receptor (NMDAR) antagonists constitutes a widely used model that produce both positive (e.g., hyperactivity) and negative (e.g., social withdrawal) symptoms relevant for schizophrenia in rodents. These effects can be reversed with the administration of atypical (second and third generation) antipsychotics. OBJECTIVES In this study we combined the NMDAR-antagonist model with the Roman High-Avoidance (RHA) strain, a psychogenetically selected model of schizophrenia-relevant features. We also studied whether some atypical antipsychotic drugs (clozapine, ziprasidone, and aripiprazole) would be able to attenuate or reverse the behavioural alterations induced by MK801 and whether such effects might be dependent on the rat strain. METHODS MK801 dose-response study was conducted in RHA and Roman Low-Avoidance (RLA) male rats. After that, the 0.15 mg/kg MK801 dose was selected to carry out pharmacological studies versus atypical antipsychotics. RESULTS In the first experiment we establish that MK801 (dizocilpine), a NMDAR antagonist, produces dose-related hyperactivity and social withdrawal, which are more marked in RHA than RLA rats. The administration of the atypical antipsychotics clozapine (2.5 mg/kg) or ziprasidone (2.5 mg/kg) partially reversed or attenuated some of the social behaviour deficits and hyperactivity induced by the administration of MK801. Aripiprazole (3 mg/kg), a third-generation antipsychotic, reversed or attenuated the social preference deficit, the hyperactivity and the impairment of social latency induced by MK801. CONCLUSIONS These results seem to be in line with previous studies with the NMDAR-antagonist model and add face (MK801-induced social withdrawal and hyperactivity) and predictive (attenuation of MK801-induced effects by atypical antipsychotics) validity to the RHA rat strain as a model of schizophrenia-relevant features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sampedro-Viana
- Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Toni Cañete
- Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesco Sanna
- Department of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Ignasi Oliveras
- Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valeria Lavín
- Department of Clinical & Health Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Torrecilla
- Department of Clinical & Health Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristóbal Río-Álamos
- Department of Psychology, School of Medicine, Austral University of Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Carles Tapias-Espinosa
- Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Sánchez-González
- Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adolf Tobeña
- Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Fernández-Teruel
- Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain.
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21
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Caine SB, Plant S, Furbish K, Yerton M, Smaragdi E, Niclou B, Lorusso JM, Chang JY, Bitter C, Basu A, Miller S, Huang CY, Komson R, Liu D, Behar S, Thomsen M. Sprague Dawley rats from different vendors vary in the modulation of prepulse inhibition of startle (PPI) by dopamine, acetylcholine, and glutamate drugs. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023; 240:2005-2012. [PMID: 37580441 PMCID: PMC10471717 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06444-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Rodent vendors are often utilized interchangeably, assuming that the phenotype of a given strain remains standardized between colonies. Several studies, however, have found significant behavioral and physiological differences between Sprague Dawley (SD) rats from separate vendors. Prepulse inhibition of startle (PPI), a form of sensorimotor gating in which a low-intensity leading stimulus reduces the startle response to a subsequent stimulus, may also vary by vendor. Differences in PPI between rat strains are well known, but divergence between colonies within the SD strain lacks thorough examination. OBJECTIVES We explored intrastrain variation in PPI by testing SD rats from two vendors: Envigo and Charles River (CR). METHODS We selected drugs acting on four major neurotransmitter systems that have been repeatedly shown to modulate PPI: dopamine (apomorphine; 0.5, 1.5, 3.0 mg/kg), acetylcholine (scopolamine; 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 mg/kg), glutamate (dizocilpine; 0.5, 1.5, 2.5 mg/kg), and serotonin (2,5-Dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine, DOI; 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 mg/kg). We determined PPI and startle amplitude for each drug in male and female Envigo and CR SD rats. RESULTS SD rats from Envigo showed dose-dependent decreases in PPI after apomorphine, scopolamine, or dizocilpine administration, without significant effects on startle amplitude. SD rats from CR were less sensitive to modulation of PPI and/or more sensitive to modulation of startle amplitude, across the three drugs. CONCLUSIONS SD rats showed vendor differences in sensitivity to pharmacological modulation of PPI and startle. We encourage researchers to sample rats from separate vendors before experimentation to identify the most suited source of subjects for their specific endpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Caine
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - S Plant
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - K Furbish
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - M Yerton
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - E Smaragdi
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - B Niclou
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - J M Lorusso
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - J Y Chang
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - C Bitter
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - A Basu
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - S Miller
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - C-Y Huang
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - R Komson
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - D Liu
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - S Behar
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - M Thomsen
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Forskningsenheder, Hovedvejen 17, 1. sal, 2000 Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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22
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Vitale M, Tottene A, Zarin Zadeh M, Brennan KC, Pietrobon D. Mechanisms of initiation of cortical spreading depression. J Headache Pain 2023; 24:105. [PMID: 37553625 PMCID: PMC10408042 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-023-01643-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence from human and animal studies that cortical spreading depression (CSD) is the neurophysiological correlate of migraine aura and a trigger of migraine pain mechanisms. The mechanisms of initiation of CSD in the brain of migraineurs remain unknown, and the mechanisms of initiation of experimentally induced CSD in normally metabolizing brain tissue remain incompletely understood and controversial. Here, we investigated the mechanisms of CSD initiation by focal application of KCl in mouse cerebral cortex slices. METHODS High KCl puffs of increasing duration up to the threshold duration eliciting a CSD were applied on layer 2/3 whilst the membrane potential of a pyramidal neuron located very close to the site of KCl application and the intrinsic optic signal were simultaneously recorded. This was done before and after the application of a specific blocker of either NMDA or AMPA glutamate receptors (NMDARs, AMPARs) or voltage-gated Ca2+ (CaV) channels. If the drug blocked CSD, stimuli up to 12-15 times the threshold were applied. RESULTS Blocking either NMDARs with MK-801 or CaV channels with Ni2+ completely inhibited CSD initiation by both CSD threshold and largely suprathreshold KCl stimuli. Inhibiting AMPARs with NBQX was without effect on the CSD threshold and velocity. Analysis of the CSD subthreshold and threshold neuronal depolarizations in control conditions and in the presence of MK-801 or Ni2+ revealed that the mechanism underlying ignition of CSD by a threshold stimulus (and not by a just subthreshold stimulus) is the CaV-dependent activation of a threshold level of NMDARs (and/or of channels whose opening depends on the latter). The delay of several seconds with which this occurs underlies the delay of CSD initiation relative to the rapid neuronal depolarization produced by KCl. CONCLUSIONS Both NMDARs and CaV channels are necessary for CSD initiation, which is not determined by the extracellular K+ or neuronal depolarization levels per se, but requires the CaV-dependent activation of a threshold level of NMDARs. This occurs with a delay of several seconds relative to the rapid depolarization produced by the KCl stimulus. Our data give insights into potential mechanisms of CSD initiation in migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Vitale
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Angelita Tottene
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Maral Zarin Zadeh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - K C Brennan
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, UT, 84108, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Daniela Pietrobon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy.
- Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy.
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23
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HUANG H, WANG B, CHEN S, FANG J, WANG X, CHEN L, JIANG Y, ZHANG H, CHEN J, LIN Z. Chinese Tuina remodels the synaptic structure in neuropathic pain rats by downregulating the expression of N-methyl D-aspartate receptor subtype 2B and postsynaptic density protein-95 in the spinal cord dorsal horn. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2023; 43:715-724. [PMID: 37454256 PMCID: PMC10626369 DOI: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.20221214.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the Chinese massage system, Tuina, exerts analgesic effects in a rat model of chronic constriction injury (CCI) by remodeling the synaptic structure in the spinal cord dorsal horn (SCDH). METHODS Sixty-nine male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly and evenly divided into the normal group, sham group, CCI group, CCI + Tuina group, CCI + MK-801 [an -methyl D-aspartate receptor subtype 2B (NR2B) antagonist] group, and CCI + MK-801 + Tuina group. The neuropathic pain model was established using CCI with right sciatic nerve ligation. Tuina was administered 4 d after CCI surgery, using pressing manipulation for 10 min, once daily. Motor function was observed with the inclined plate test, and pain behaviors were observed by the Von Frey test and acetone spray test. At 19 d after surgery, the L3-L5 spinal cord segments were removed. Glutamate, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The protein expression levels of NR2B and postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD-95) were detected by Western blot, and the synaptic structure was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RESULTS CCI reduced motor function and caused mechanical and cold allodynia in rats, increased glutamate concentration and TNF-α and IL-1β levels, and increased expression of synapse-related proteins NR2B and PSD-95 in the SCDH. TEM revealed that the synaptic structure of SCDH neurons was altered. Most of these disease-induced changes were reversed by Tuina and intrathecal injection of MK-801 ( < 0.05 or < 0.01). For the majority of experiments, no significant differences were found between the CCI + MK-801 and CCI + MK-801 + Tuina groups. CONCLUSIONS Chinese Tuina can alleviate pain by remodeling the synaptic structure, and NR2B and PSD-95 receptors in the SCDH may be among its targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongye HUANG
- 1 College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Bingqian WANG
- 4 Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Shuijin CHEN
- 2 Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Subsidiary Rehabilitation Hospital, Fuzhou 350003, China
- 3 Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technology, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Jiayu FANG
- 1 College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Xiaohua WANG
- 1 College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Lechun CHEN
- 2 Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Subsidiary Rehabilitation Hospital, Fuzhou 350003, China
- 3 Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technology, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Yu JIANG
- 2 Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Subsidiary Rehabilitation Hospital, Fuzhou 350003, China
- 3 Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technology, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Huanzhen ZHANG
- 2 Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Subsidiary Rehabilitation Hospital, Fuzhou 350003, China
- 3 Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technology, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Jincheng CHEN
- 2 Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Subsidiary Rehabilitation Hospital, Fuzhou 350003, China
- 3 Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technology, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Zhigang LIN
- 2 Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Subsidiary Rehabilitation Hospital, Fuzhou 350003, China
- 3 Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technology, Fuzhou 350003, China
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24
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Hsu CK, Chang SJ, Lim LY, Chang HH, Shei-Dei Yang S. Methyl Palmitate Modulated NMDA-Induced Cerebral Hyperemia in Hypertensive Rats. J Vasc Res 2023; 60:137-147. [PMID: 37285812 DOI: 10.1159/000529916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors were found to be dysfunctional in hypertensive rats. Methyl palmitate (MP) has been shown to diminish the nicotine-induced increase in blood flow in the brainstem. The aim of this study was to determine how MP modulated NMDA-induced increased regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in normotensive (WKY), spontaneously hypertensive (SHR), and renovascular hypertensive (RHR) rats. The increase in rCBF after the topical application of experimental drugs was measured using laser Doppler flowmetry. Topical NMDA application induced an MK-801-sensitive increase in rCBF in anesthetized WKY rats, which was inhibited by MP pretreatments. This inhibition was prevented by pretreatment with chelerythrine (a PKC inhibitor). The NMDA-induced increase in rCBF was also inhibited by the PKC activator in a concentration-dependent manner. Neither MP nor MK-801 affected the increase in rCBF induced by the topical application of acetylcholine or sodium nitroprusside. Topical application of MP to the parietal cortex of SHRs, on the other hand, increased basal rCBF slightly but significantly. MP enhanced the NMDA-induced increase in rCBF in SHRs and RHRs. These results suggested that MP had a dual effect on the modulation of rCBF. MP appears to play a significant physiological role in CBF regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Kai Hsu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | - Li-Yi Lim
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz UKM, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hsi-Hsien Chang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Stephen Shei-Dei Yang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan
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25
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Ni RJ, Wang YY, Gao TH, Wang QR, Wei JX, Zhao LS, Ma YR, Ma XH, Li T. Depletion of microglia with PLX3397 attenuates MK-801-induced hyperactivity associated with regulating inflammation-related genes in the brain. Zool Res 2023; 44:543-555. [PMID: 37147908 PMCID: PMC10236309 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2022.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute administration of MK-801 (dizocilpine), an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, can establish animal models of psychiatric disorders. However, the roles of microglia and inflammation-related genes in these animal models of psychiatric disorders remain unknown. Here, we found rapid elimination of microglia in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HPC) of mice following administration of the dual colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R)/c-Kit kinase inhibitor PLX3397 (pexidartinib) in drinking water. Single administration of MK-801 induced hyperactivity in the open-field test (OFT). Importantly, PLX3397-induced depletion of microglia prevented the hyperactivity and schizophrenia-like behaviors induced by MK-801. However, neither repopulation of microglia nor inhibition of microglial activation by minocycline affected MK-801-induced hyperactivity. Importantly, microglial density in the PFC and HPC was significantly correlated with behavioral changes. In addition, common and distinct glutamate-, GABA-, and inflammation-related gene (116 genes) expression patterns were observed in the brains of PLX3397- and/or MK-801-treated mice. Moreover, 10 common inflammation-related genes ( CD68, CD163, CD206, TMEM119, CSF3R, CX3CR1, TREM2, CD11b, CSF1R, and F4/80) with very strong correlations were identified in the brain using hierarchical clustering analysis. Further correlation analysis demonstrated that the behavioral changes in the OFT were most significantly associated with the expression of inflammation-related genes ( NLRP3, CD163, CD206, F4/80, TMEM119, and TMEM176a), but not glutamate- or GABA-related genes in PLX3397- and MK-801-treated mice. Thus, our results suggest that microglial depletion via a CSF1R/c-Kit kinase inhibitor can ameliorate the hyperactivity induced by an NMDAR antagonist, which is associated with modulation of immune-related genes in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Jun Ni
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Chengdu, Sichuan 610044, China
| | - Yi-Yan Wang
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Chengdu, Sichuan 610044, China
| | - Tian-Hao Gao
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Chengdu, Sichuan 610044, China
| | - Qi-Run Wang
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Chengdu, Sichuan 610044, China
| | - Jin-Xue Wei
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Chengdu, Sichuan 610044, China
| | - Lian-Sheng Zhao
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Chengdu, Sichuan 610044, China
| | - Yang-Rui Ma
- Golden Apple Jincheng NO.1 Secondary School, Chengdu, Sichuan 610213, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Ma
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Chengdu, Sichuan 610044, China. E-mail:
| | - Tao Li
- Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510799, China. E-mail:
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Saito J, Zao H, Wu L, Iwasaki M, Sun Q, Hu C, Ishikawa M, Hirota K, Ma D. "Anti-cancer" effect of ketamine in comparison with MK801 on neuroglioma and lung cancer cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 945:175580. [PMID: 36758782 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Ketamine, a N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, is commonly used to induce anaesthesia during cancer surgery and relieve neuropathic and cancer pain. This study was conducted to assess whether ketamine has any inhibiting effects on neuroglioma (H4) and lung cancer cells (A549) in vitro. The cultured H4 and A549 cells were treated with ketamine and MK801 (0.1, 1, 10, 100, or 1000 μM) for 24 h. The expressions of glutamate receptors on both types of cancer cells were assessed with qRT-PCR. In addition, cell proliferation and migration were assessed with cell counting Kit-8 and wound healing assays. Cyclin D1, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pERK), and cleaved-caspase-3 expression together with reactive oxygen species (ROS) were also assessed with Western blot, immunostaining, and/or flowcytometry. NMDA and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptors were expressed on both H4 and A549 cells. Ketamine inhibited cancer cell proliferation and migration in a dose-dependent manner by suppressing the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis. Ketamine decreased cyclin D1, pERK, and MMP9 expression. In addition, ketamine increased ROS and cleaved caspase-3 expression and induced apoptosis. The anti-cancer effect of ketamine was more pronounced in A549 cells when compared with H4 cells. MK801 showed similar effects to those of ketamine. Ketamine suppressed cell proliferation and migration in both neuroglioma and lung cancer cells, likely through the antagonization of NMDA receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Saito
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Anesthesiology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan.
| | - Hailin Zao
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Lingzhi Wu
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Masae Iwasaki
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Qizhe Sun
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Cong Hu
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Masashi Ishikawa
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kazuyoshi Hirota
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan.
| | - Daqing Ma
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.
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Wang Q, Wang MW, Sun YY, Hu XY, Geng PP, Shu H, Wang XN, Wang H, Zhang JF, Cheng HQ, Wang W, Jin XC. Nicotine pretreatment alleviates MK-801-induced behavioral and cognitive deficits in mice by regulating Pdlim5/CRTC1 in the PFC. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:780-790. [PMID: 36038765 PMCID: PMC10042998 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00974-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that smoking-obtained nicotine is indicated to improve cognition and mitigate certain symptoms of schizophrenia. In this study, we investigated whether chronic nicotine treatment alleviated MK-801-induced schizophrenia-like symptoms and cognitive impairment in mice. Mice were injected with MK-801 (0.2 mg/kg, i.p.), and the behavioral deficits were assessed using prepulse inhibition (PPI) and T-maze tests. We showed that MK-801 caused cognitive impairment accompanied by increased expression of PDZ and LIM domain 5 (Pdlim5), an adaptor protein that is critically associated with schizophrenia, in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Pretreatment with nicotine (0.2 mg · kg-1 · d-1, s.c., for 2 weeks) significantly ameliorated MK-801-induced schizophrenia-like symptoms and cognitive impairment by reversing the increased Pdlim5 expression levels in the PFC. In addition, pretreatment with nicotine prevented the MK-801-induced decrease in CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 1 (CRTC1), a coactivator of CREB that plays an important role in cognition. Furthermore, MK-801 neither induced schizophrenia-like behaviors nor decreased CRTC1 levels in the PFC of Pdlim5-/- mice. Overexpression of Pdlim5 in the PFC through intra-PFC infusion of an adreno-associated virus AAV-Pdlim5 induced significant schizophrenia-like symptoms and cognitive impairment. In conclusion, chronic nicotine treatment alleviates schizophrenia-induced memory deficits in mice by regulating Pdlim5 and CRTC1 expression in the PFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Meng-Wei Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Yan-Yun Sun
- Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Pan-Pan Geng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Hui Shu
- Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Xiao-Na Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Jun-Fang Zhang
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Hong-Qiang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Xin-Chun Jin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China.
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Vila È, Pinacho R, Prades R, Tarragó T, Castro E, Munarriz-Cuezva E, Meana JJ, Eugui-Anta A, Roldan M, Vera-Montecinos A, Ramos B. Inhibition of Prolyl Oligopeptidase Restores Prohibitin 2 Levels in Psychosis Models: Relationship to Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6016. [PMID: 37046989 PMCID: PMC10093989 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment represents one of the core features of schizophrenia. Prolyl Oligopeptidase (POP) inhibition is an emerging strategy for compensating cognitive deficits in hypoglutamatergic states such as schizophrenia, although little is known about how POP inhibitors exert their pharmacological activity. The mitochondrial and nuclear protein Prohibitin 2 (PHB2) could be dysregulated in schizophrenia. However, altered PHB2 levels in schizophrenia linked to N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activity and cognitive deficits are still unknown. To shed light on this, we measured the PHB2 levels by immunoblot in a postmortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) of schizophrenia subjects, in the frontal pole of mice treated with the NMDAR antagonists phencyclidine and dizocilpine, and in rat cortical astrocytes and neurons treated with dizocilpine. Mice and cells were treated in combination with the POP inhibitor IPR19. The PHB2 levels were also analyzed by immunocytochemistry in rat neurons. The PHB2 levels increased in DLPFC in cases of chronic schizophrenia and were associated with cognitive impairments. NMDAR antagonists increased PHB2 levels in the frontal pole of mice and in rat astrocytes and neurons. High levels of PHB2 were found in the nucleus and cytoplasm of neurons upon NMDAR inhibition. IPR19 restored PHB2 levels in the acute NMDAR inhibition. These results show that IPR19 restores the upregulation of PHB2 in an acute NMDAR hypoactivity stage suggesting that the modulation of PHB2 could compensate NMDAR-dependent cognitive impairments in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Èlia Vila
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Raquel Pinacho
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Roger Prades
- Iproteos S.L., Baldiri i Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Tarragó
- Iproteos S.L., Baldiri i Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Baldiri i Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Castro
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. Cardenal Herrera Oria s/n, 39011 Santander, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM (Biomedical Network Research Center of Mental Health), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Munarriz-Cuezva
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM (Biomedical Network Research Center of Mental Health), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - J. Javier Meana
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM (Biomedical Network Research Center of Mental Health), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Ania Eugui-Anta
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Mònica Roldan
- Unitat de Microscòpia Confocal i Imatge Cel·lular, Servei de Medicina Genètica i Molecular, Institut Pediàtric de Malaties Rares (IPER), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - América Vera-Montecinos
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Belén Ramos
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM (Biomedical Network Research Center of Mental Health), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, 08500 Vic, Spain
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Yıldızhan K, Nazıroğlu M. NMDA Receptor Activation Stimulates Hypoxia-Induced TRPM2 Channel Activation, Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis in Neuronal Cell Line: Modular Role of Memantine. Brain Res 2023; 1803:148232. [PMID: 36610553 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
TRPM2 channel is activated by the increase of hypoxia (HYP)-mediated excessive mitochondrial (mROS) and cytosolic (cROS) free reactive oxygen species generation and intracellular free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) influx. The stimulations of the N-methyl-d-aspartate(NMDA) receptor and TRPM2 channel induce mROS and apoptosis in the neurons, although their inhibitions via the treatments of memantine (MEM) and MK-801 decrease mROS and apoptosis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying MEM treatment and NMDA inhibition' neuroprotection via TRPM2 inhibition in the HYP remain elusive. We investigated the modulator role of MEM and NMDA via the modulation of TRPM2 on oxidative neurodegeneration and apoptosis in SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. Six groups were induced in the SH-SY5Y and HEK293 cells as follows: Control, MEM, NMDA blocker (MK-801), HYP (CoCl2), HYP + MEM, and HYP + MK-801. The HYP caused to the increases of TRPM2 and PARP-1 expressions, and TRPM2 agonist (H2O2 and ADP-ribose)-induced TRPM2 current density and [Ca2+]i concentration via the upregulation of mitochondrial membrane potential, cROS, and mROS generations. The alterations were not observed in the absence of TRPM2 in the HEK293 cells. The increase of cROS, mROS, lipid peroxidation, cell death (propidium iodide/Hoechst) rate, apoptosis, caspase -3, caspase -8, and caspase -9 were restored via upregulation of glutathione and glutathione peroxidase by the treatments of TRPM2 antagonists (ACA or 2-APB), MEM, and MK-801. In conclusion, the inhibition of NMDA receptor via MEM treatment modulated HYP-mediated mROS, apoptosis, and TRPM2-induced excessive [Ca2+]i and may provide an avenue for protecting HYP-mediated neurodegenerative diseases associated with the increase of mROS, [Ca2+]i, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenan Yıldızhan
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Nazıroğlu
- Neuroscience Research Center, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey; Drug Discovery Unit, BSN Health, Analyses, Innov., Consult., Org., Agricul., Trade Ltd, Isparta, Turkey; Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
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Patrono E, Hrůzova K, Svoboda J, Stuchlík A. The role of optogenetic stimulations of parvalbumin-positive interneurons in the prefrontal cortex and the ventral hippocampus on an acute MK-801 model of schizophrenia-like cognitive inflexibility. Schizophr Res 2023; 252:198-205. [PMID: 36657364 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2022.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia research has increased in recent decades and focused more on its neural basis. Decision-making and cognitive flexibility are the main cognitive functions that are impaired and considered schizophrenia endophenotypes. Cognitive impairment was recently connected with altered functions of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDAR) glutamatergic receptors, which increased cortical activity. Selective NMDAR antagonists, such as MK-801, have been used to model cognitive inflexibility in schizophrenia. Decreased GABAergic inhibitory activity has been shown elsewhere with enhanced cortical activity. This imbalance in the excitatory/inhibitory may reduce the entrainment of prefrontal gamma and hippocampal theta rhythms and result in gamma/theta band de-synchronization. The current study established an acute MK-801 administration model of schizophrenia-like cognitive inflexibility in rats and used the attentional set-shifting task in which rats learned to switch/reverse the relevant rule. During the task, we used in vivo optogenetic stimulations of parvalbumin-positive interneurons at specific light pulses in the prefrontal cortex and ventral hippocampus. The first experiments showed that acute dizocilpine in rats produced schizophrenia-like cognitive inflexibility. The second set of experiments demonstrated that specific optogenetic stimulation at specific frequencies of parvalbumin-positive interneurons in the prefrontal cortex and ventral hippocampus rescued the cognitive flexibility rats that received acute MK-801. These findings advance our knowledge of the pivotal role of parvalbumin interneurons in schizophrenia-like cognitive impairment and may guide further research on this severe psychiatric disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Patrono
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska, 1830, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Karolina Hrůzova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska, 1830, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 87, 100 00, Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Svoboda
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska, 1830, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Stuchlík
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska, 1830, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
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Yi W, Ji Y, Gao H, Luo S, Pan R, Song J, He Y, Li Y, Wu Y, Yan S, Liang Y, Sun X, Jin X, Mei L, Cheng J, Su H. Effects of urban particulate matter on gut microbiome and partial schizophrenia-like symptoms in mice: Evidence from shotgun metagenomic and metabolomic profiling. Sci Total Environ 2023; 857:159305. [PMID: 36216056 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological evidence reported that particulate matter (PM) was associated with increased schizophrenia (SCZ) risk. Disturbance of gut microbiome was involved in SCZ. However, it remains unclear whether PM induces SCZ-like symptoms and how gut microbiome regulates them. Therefore, a multi-omics animal experiment was conducted to verify how urban PM induces SCZ-like behavior and altered gut microbiota and metabolic pathways. METHODS Using a completely random design, mice were divided into three groups: PM group, control group and MK801 group, which received daily tracheal instillation of PM solution, sterile PBS solution and intraperitoneal injection of MK801 (establish SCZ model), respectively. After a 14-day intervention, feces were collected for multi-omics testing (shotgun metagenomic sequencing and untargeted metabolomic profiling), followed by open field test, tail suspension test, and passive avoidance test. Besides, fecal microbiome of PM group and control group were transplanted into "pseudo-sterile" mice, then behavioral tests were conducted. RESULTS Similar to MK801 group, mice in PM group showed SCZ-like symptoms, including increased spontaneous activity, excitability, anxiety and decreased learning and spatial memory. PM exposure significantly increased the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia and decreased that of Fibrobacteres et al. The metabolism pathways of estrogen signaling (estriol, 16-glucuronide-estriol and 21-desoxycortisol) and choline metabolism (phosphocholine) were significantly altered by PM exposure. Verrucomicrobia was negatively correlated with the level of estriol, which was correlated with decreased learning and spatial memory. Fibrobacteres and Deinococcus-Thermus were positively correlated with the level of phosphocholine, which was correlated with increased spontaneous activity, excitability and anxiety. Fecal microbiome transplantation from PM group mice reproduced excitability and anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to PM may affect composition of gut microbiome and alterations of estrogen signaling pathway and choline metabolism pathway, which were associated with partial SCZ-like behaviors. But whether gut microbiome regulates these metabolic pathways and behaviors remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhuo Yi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Yifu Ji
- Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hua Gao
- Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shengyong Luo
- Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Rubing Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Yangyang He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Yudong Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Shuangshuang Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Yunfeng Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiaoni Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiaoyu Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Lu Mei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Jian Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Hong Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China.
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Osacka J, Kiss A, Bacova Z, Tillinger A. Effects of antipsychotics, haloperidol and olanzapine, on the expression of apoptosis-related genes in mouse mHippoE-2 cells and rat hippocampus. Endocr Regul 2023; 57:152-161. [PMID: 37561834 DOI: 10.2478/enr-2023-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective. Modified levels of pro- (caspase3, Bax) and anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) regulatory proteins have been detected in certain brain areas of schizophrenic patients indicating a possible dysregulation of apoptosis. In the present study, effects of antipsychotics, haloperidol (HAL) and olanzapine (OLA), on the gene expression of caspase3 (casp3), Bax and Bcl-2 were studied in vitro in mouse hippocampal mHippoE-2 cell line and in vivo in the hippocampus of MK-801 animal schizophrenia model with the aim to provide evidence that antipsychotics may affect the activity of apoptosis-related markers. Methods. mHippoE-2 cells were incubated with MK-801 (20 µM), HAL (10 µM), and OLA (10 µM) alone or combined, MK-801+HAL/OLA, for 24, 48, and 72 h. Male Sprague Dawley rats were injected with saline or MK-801 (0.5 mg/kg) for 6 days and since the 7th day, they were treated with vehicle (VEH), HAL (1 mg/kg) or OLA (2 mg/kg) for the next 7 days. The casp3, Bax and Bcl-2 gene expression in mHippoE-2 cells and rat hippocampus was measured by RT-PCR. Results. In mHippoE-2 cells, casp3 gene expression was increased by MK-801 and OLA treatments alone for 48 h, HAL treatment alone for 24 and 72 h, and co-treatment with MK-801+OLA for 24 and 72 h compared to controls. HAL and OLA suppressed the stimulatory effect of MK-801 on casp3 mRNA levels in cells after 48 h of incubation. Bax mRNA levels in mHippoE-2 cells were decreased after HAL treatment for 24 and 48 h, and also after co-treatment with MK-801+HAL for 72 h. In vivo, MK-801 decreased mRNA levels of both pro-apoptotic markers, casp3 and Bax, in hippocampus of VEH-treated rats and Bax mRNA levels in hippocampus of HAL-treated animals. OLA reversed the inhibitory effect of MK-801 on casp3 expression in the VEH-treated animals. Neither MK-801 nor antipsychotics induced changes in the gene expression of anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-2 in mHippoE-2 cells as well as hippocampus of rats. Conclusions. The results of the present study demonstrate that antipsychotics, HAL and OLA, may affect mRNA levels of pro-apoptotic markers in hippocampal cells in vitro, but not in vivo. The obtained data do not clearly support the assumed potentiating role of MK-801 in inducing apoptosis in specific brain areas and a possible protective role of antipsychotics against induction of apoptosis. The obtained data may contribute to a deeper insight into the neurodevelopmental changes connected with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Osacka
- 1Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Alexander Kiss
- 1Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Bacova
- 1Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Andrej Tillinger
- 1Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Babaei F, Kourosh-Arami M, Farhadi M. NMDA Receptors in the Rat Paraventricular Thalamic Nucleus Reduce the Naloxone-induced Morphine Withdrawal. Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem 2023; 23:119-125. [PMID: 37587828 DOI: 10.2174/1871524923666230816103223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND NMDA receptors have a significant role in the development of opioid physical dependence. Evidence demonstrated that a drug of abuse enhances neuronal excitability in the Paraventricular Nucleus (PVT). The current research studied whether blocking NMDA receptors through the administration of MK801 in the PVT nucleus could affect the development of Morphine (Mor) dependence and hence the behavioral indices induced by morphine withdrawal in rats. METHODS Male Wistar rats weighing 250-300 g were used. For induction of drug dependence, we injected Mor subcutaneously (s.c.) (6, 16, 26, 36, 46, 56, and 66 mg/kg, 2 ml/kg) at an interval of 24 hours for 7 days. Animals were divided into two groups in which the NMDA receptor antagonist, MK801 (20 mM in 0.1 ml), or its vehicle were applied into the PVT nucleus for 7 days before each Mor administration. On day 8, after injection of naloxone (Nal, 2.5 mg/kg, i.p.), withdrawal behaviors were checked for 25 min. RESULTS The current results demonstrated that the blockade of the NMDA receptor in the PVT nucleus significantly increased withdrawal behaviors provoked by the application of Nal in morphinedependent (Mor-d) rats. CONCLUSION We concluded that the NMDA receptor in the PVT nucleus changes the development of Mor dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Babaei
- Department of Microbiology, Karaj Branch Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Kourosh-Arami
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Farhadi
- Department of Microbiology, Karaj Branch Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
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Deutsch SI, Burket JA. From Mouse to Man: N-Methyl-d-Aspartic Acid Receptor Activation as a Promising Pharmacotherapeutic Strategy for Autism Spectrum Disorders. Med Clin North Am 2023; 107:101-117. [PMID: 36402493 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcna.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The BALB/c mouse displays hypersensitivity to behavioral effects of MK-801 (dizocilpine), a noncompetitive N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor "open-channel" blocker, and shows both no preference for an enclosed stimulus mouse over an inanimate object and reduced social interaction with a freely behaving stimulus mouse. NMDA receptor agonist interventions improved measures of social preference and social interaction of the BALB/c mouse model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A "proof of principle/proof of concept" translational 10-week clinical trial with 8-week of active medication administration was conducted comparing 20 DSM-IV-TR-diagnosed older adolescent/young adult patients with ASD randomized to once-weekly pulsed administration (50 mg/d) versus daily administration of d-cycloserine (50 mg/d). The results showed that d-cycloserine, a partial glycine agonist, was well tolerated, the 2 dosing strategies did not differ, and improvement was noted on the "lethargy/social withdrawal" and "stereotypic behavior" subscales of the Aberrant Behavior Checklist. NMDA receptor activation contributes to the regulation of mTOR signaling, a pathologic point of convergence in several monogenic syndromic forms of ASD. Furthermore, both NMDA receptor hypofunction and imbalance between NMDA receptor activation mediated by GluN2B and GluN2A-containing NMDA receptors occur as "downstream" consequences of several genetically unrelated abnormalities associated with ASD. NMDA receptor-subtype selective "positive allosteric modulators (PAMs)" are particularly appealing medication candidates for future translational trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen I Deutsch
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, 825 Fairfax Avenue, Suite 710, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Jessica A Burket
- Department of Molecular Biology & Chemistry, Christopher Newport University, 1 Avenue of the Arts, Newport News, VA 23606, USA.
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Shahzad S, Batool Z, Afzal A, Haider S. Reversal of oxidative stress, cytokine toxicity and DNA fragmentation by quercetin in dizocilpine-induced animal model of Schizophrenia. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:2793-2805. [PMID: 36152087 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01090-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin, a polyphenolic compound found in a variety of plant products possesses various biological activities and beneficial effects on human health. Schizophrenia (SZ) is one of the neuropsychiatric disorders in human beings with rapid mortality and intense morbidity which can be treated with antipsychotics, but these commercial drugs exert adverse effects and have less efficacy to treat the full spectrum of SZ. The present study was conducted to evaluate neuroprotective effects of quercetin in the preventive and therapeutic treatment of SZ. Quercetin was administered as pre- and post-regimens at the dose of 50 mg/kg in dizocilpine-induced SZ rat model for two weeks. Rats were then subjected for the assessment of different behaviors followed by biochemical, neurochemical, and inflammatory marker analyses. The present findings revealed that quercetin significantly reverses the effects of dizocilpine-induced psychosis-like symptoms in all behavioral assessments as well as it also combats oxidative stress. This flavonoid also regulates dopaminergic, serotonergic, and glutamatergic neurotransmission. A profound effect on inflammatory cytokines and decreased %DNA fragmentation was also observed following the administration of quercetin. The findings suggest that quercetin can be considered as a preventive as well as therapeutic strategy to attenuate oxidative stress and cytokine toxicity, regulate neurotransmission, and prevent enhanced DNA fragmentation that can lead to the amelioration of psychosis-like symptoms in SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidrah Shahzad
- Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
- Pakistan Navy Medical Training School and College, PNS Shifa, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zehra Batool
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Asia Afzal
- Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
- Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group and Brain Degeneration and Therapeutics Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Saida Haider
- Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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Wang J, Li M, Zhang J, Gao Q, Ding Z, Sun J. Paliperidone alleviates MK-801-induced damage to prefrontal cortical neurons via the PP2A/PTEN pathway. J Affect Disord 2022; 317:265-277. [PMID: 36031001 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.08.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The putative mechanisms underlying the efficacy of the US Food and Drug Administration-approved antipsychotic drug paliperidone for the treatment of schizophrenia deserve additional investigation, which is the aim of the present animal study. METHODS The behavioral activities of mice were recorded in the open field test and light-dark box test. The effects of paliperidone on MK-801-induced neuronal damage in the prefrontal cortex were tested by flow cytometry, TUNEL staining assays, and ROS staining assays. The neuroprotective effects of paliperidone on neural dendrites and synapses were evaluated using Golgi staining and Sholl analysis. An adenovirus vector containing a Ca2+ indicator was used to monitor the calcium ion concentration in the prefrontal cortex. The expression levels of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) were investigated using Western blotting. RESULTS The data showed that MK-801 caused stereotyped behavior in mice and induced synaptic damage and dendritic spine impairment compared with the control, whereas paliperidone ameliorated these changes. Moreover, paliperidone reversed MK-801-induced decreases in PP2A and PTEN levels in prefrontal cortical neurons. Furthermore, in primary cultured cortical neurons and HT-22 cells, paliperidone inhibited cell apoptosis caused by MK-801. In particular, pretreatment with the PP2A inhibitor LB-100 significantly restrained the protective effects of paliperidone on MK-801-treated neurons and on locomotor activity and stereotypical behavior of mice. LIMITATIONS Whether other proteins are involved in this pathway and how the pathway works have not been revealed. CONCLUSION Our data show that paliperidone alleviates neuronal damage induced by MK-801 via the PP2A/PTEN pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxu Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Qing Gao
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Zhaoxi Ding
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Jinhao Sun
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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Pinelis V, Krasilnikova I, Bakaeva Z, Surin A, Boyarkin D, Fisenko A, Krasilnikova O, Pomytkin I. Insulin Diminishes Superoxide Increase in Cytosol and Mitochondria of Cultured Cortical Neurons Treated with Toxic Glutamate. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012593. [PMID: 36293449 PMCID: PMC9604026 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamate excitotoxicity is involved in the pathogenesis of many disorders, including stroke, traumatic brain injury, and Alzheimer’s disease, for which central insulin resistance is a comorbid condition. Neurotoxicity of glutamate (Glu) is primarily associated with hyperactivation of the ionotropic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), causing a sustained increase in intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) and synchronous mitochondrial depolarization and an increase in intracellular superoxide anion radical (O2–•) production. Recently, we found that insulin protects neurons against excitotoxicity by decreasing the delayed calcium deregulation (DCD). However, the role of insulin in O2–• production in excitotoxicity still needs to be clarified. The present study aims to investigate insulin’s effects on glutamate-evoked O2–• generation and DCD using the fluorescent indicators dihydroethidium, MitoSOX Red, and Fura-FF in cortical neurons. We found a linear correlation between [Ca2+]i and [O2–•] in primary cultures of the rat neuron exposed to Glu, with insulin significantly reducing the production of intracellular and mitochondrial O2–• in the primary cultures of the rat neuron. MK 801, an inhibitor of NMDAR-gated Ca2+ influx, completely abrogated the glutamate effects in both the presence and absence of insulin. In experiments in sister cultures, insulin diminished neuronal death and O2 consumption rate (OCR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vsevolod Pinelis
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, National Medical Research Center of Children’s Health, Russian Ministry of Health, Lomonosov Avenue 2, Bldg 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (V.P.); (I.P.)
| | - Irina Krasilnikova
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, National Medical Research Center of Children’s Health, Russian Ministry of Health, Lomonosov Avenue 2, Bldg 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Zanda Bakaeva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, National Medical Research Center of Children’s Health, Russian Ministry of Health, Lomonosov Avenue 2, Bldg 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Department of General Biology and Physiology, Kalmyk State University Named after B.B. Gorodovikov, St. Pushkin, 11, 358000 Elista, Russia
| | - Alexander Surin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, National Medical Research Center of Children’s Health, Russian Ministry of Health, Lomonosov Avenue 2, Bldg 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Pathology of Ion Transport and Intracellular Signaling, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Baltiyskaya St., 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitrii Boyarkin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, National Medical Research Center of Children’s Health, Russian Ministry of Health, Lomonosov Avenue 2, Bldg 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrei Fisenko
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, National Medical Research Center of Children’s Health, Russian Ministry of Health, Lomonosov Avenue 2, Bldg 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Krasilnikova
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Radiological Center, 4 Koroleva St., 249036 Obninsk, Russia
| | - Igor Pomytkin
- Institute of Pharmacy, The First Sechenov Moscow State Medical University under Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Trubetskaya, 8, Bldg 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (V.P.); (I.P.)
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Luessen DJ, Gallinger IM, Ferranti AS, Foster DJ, Melancon BJ, Lindsley CW, Niswender CM, Conn PJ. mGlu 1-mediated restoration of prefrontal cortex inhibitory signaling reverses social and cognitive deficits in an NMDA hypofunction model in mice. Neuropsychopharmacology 2022; 47:1826-1835. [PMID: 35643819 PMCID: PMC9372079 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-022-01350-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Extensive evidence supports the hypothesis that deficits in inhibitory GABA transmission in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) may drive pathophysiological changes underlying symptoms of schizophrenia that are not currently treated by available medications, including cognitive and social impairments. Recently, the mGlu1 subtype of metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor has been implicated as a novel target to restore GABAergic transmission in the PFC. A recent study reported that activation of mGlu1 increases inhibitory transmission in the PFC through excitation of somatostatin-expressing GABAergic interneurons, implicating mGlu1 PAMs as a potential treatment strategy for schizophrenia. Here, we leveraged positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of mGlu1 to examine whether mGlu1 activation might reverse physiological effects and behavioral deficits induced by MK-801, an NMDA receptor antagonist commonly used to model cortical deficits observed in schizophrenia patients. Using ex vivo whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology, we found that MK-801 decreased the frequency of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents onto layer V pyramidal cells of the PFC and this cortical disinhibition was reversed by mGlu1 activation. Furthermore, acute MK-801 treatment selectively induced inhibitory deficits onto layer V pyramidal cells that project to the basolateral amygdala, but not to the nucleus accumbens, and these deficits were restored by selective mGlu1 activation. Importantly, the mGlu1 PAM VU6004909 effectively reversed deficits in sociability and social novelty preference in a three-chamber assay and improved novel objection recognition following MK-801 treatment. Together, these findings provide compelling evidence that mGlu1 PAMs could serve as a novel approach to reduce social and cognitive deficits associated with schizophrenia by enhancing inhibitory transmission in the PFC, thus providing an exciting improvement over current antipsychotic medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah J Luessen
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
| | - Isabel M Gallinger
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Anthony S Ferranti
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Daniel J Foster
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Bruce J Melancon
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
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Osacka J, Kiss A, Bacova Z, Tillinger A. Effect of Haloperidol and Olanzapine on Hippocampal Cells’ Proliferation in Animal Model of Schizophrenia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147711. [PMID: 35887056 PMCID: PMC9323809 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant neurogenesis in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and hippocampus (HIP) contributes to schizophrenia pathogenesis. Haloperidol (HAL) and olanzapine (OLA), commonly prescribed antipsychotics for schizophrenia treatment, affect neurogenesis too. The effect of HAL and OLA on an mHippoE-2 cell line was studied in vitro where we measured the cell number and projection length. In vivo, we studied the gene expression of DCX, Sox2, BDNF, and NeuN in the SVZ and HIP in an MK-801-induced animal schizophrenia model. Cells were incubated with HAL, OLA, and MK-801 for 24, 48, and 72 h. Animals were injected for 6 days with saline or MK801 (0.5 mg/kg), and from the 7th day with either vehicle HAL (1 mg/kg) or OLA (2 mg/kg), for the next 7 days. In vitro, HAL and OLA dose/time-dependently suppressed cells’ proliferation and shortened their projection length. HAL/OLA co-treatment with MK-801 for 24 h reversed HAL’s/OLA’s inhibitory effect. In vivo, HAL and OLA suppressed DCX and NeuN genes’ expression in the HIP and SVZ. MK-801 decreased DCX and NeuN genes’ expression in the HIP and OLA prevented this effect. The data suggest that subchronic HAL/OLA treatment can inhibit DCX and NeuN expression. In an MK-801 schizophrenia model, OLA reversed the MK-801 inhibitory effect on DCX and NeuN and HAL reversed the effect on DCX expression; however, only in the HIP.
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Peng Y, Xu D, Ding Y, Zhou X. Supplementation of PQQ from pregnancy prevents MK-801-induced schizophrenia-like behaviors in mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:2263-2275. [PMID: 35294602 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-022-06113-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE At present, the research on the prevention of schizophrenia is still in its infancy. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) has potential to treat psychological and neurological diseases including schizophrenia. However, the preventive effect of PQQ on schizophrenia remains unclear. OBJECTIVES In this study, we aimed to examine the preventive effect of supplementation of dietary PQQ from pregnancy or after birth on dizocilpine (MK-801)-induced schizophrenia-like behaviors in mice. RESULTS Supplementation of dietary PQQ from pregnancy could effectively prevent MK-801-induced weight gain decrease, hyperlocomotion, stereotypical behavior, ataxia, exploratory activity decrease, social interaction disorder, memory deficit, and depression in mice. Supplementation of dietary PQQ after birth could effectively prevent MK-801-induced weight gain decrease, stereotypical behavior, ataxia, and memory deficit in mice. Female mice responded to a greater degree than males in preventing MK-801-induced weight gain decrease in both forms of PQQ supplementation. For mice that began PQQ supplementation after birth, females performed better than males in preventing MK-801-induced ataxia, memory deficit, and depression. For mice that began PQQ supplementation from pregnancy, males performed better than females in preventing MK-801-induced memory deficit. In vitro experiments indicated that PQQ supplementation in the earlier stage of life contributed to the growth of neurons and the development of neurites. CONCLUSIONS Our current study suggested that PQQ supplementation from pregnancy or postpartum could prevent some schizophrenia-like behaviors induced by MK-801 in mice. Our work supported the potential usage of dietary supplement of PQQ in preventing or alleviating symptoms associated with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Peng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, QianRong Road No. 20, Wuxi, 214063, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Dong Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, QianRong Road No. 20, Wuxi, 214063, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuedi Ding
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, QianRong Road No. 20, Wuxi, 214063, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingqin Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, QianRong Road No. 20, Wuxi, 214063, Jiangsu, China.
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Waldman L, Richardson B, Hamilton J, Thanos P. Chronic Oral Olanzapine Treatment but not Haloperidol Decreases [ 3H] MK-801 Binding in the Rat Brain Independent of Dietary Conditions. Neurosci Lett 2022; 781:136657. [PMID: 35483503 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Haloperidol and olanzapine are first and second-generation antipsychotic (neuroleptic) medications approved to treat schizophrenia. Glutamate signaling is known to play an important role in the manifestation of schizophrenia symptoms, as phencyclidine, a non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, replicates and exasperates these symptoms. While initial reports show that neuroleptic treatments can impact aspects of NMDAR expression, there is little attention on the interaction between neuroleptics and dietary conditions. Thus, we examined the impact of chronic haloperidol and olanzapine treatment under both normal and high-fat dietary conditions on NMDAR expression. Adult male rats were treated for 28-days with either oral vehicle, haloperidol (1.5mg/kg), or olanzapine (10mg/kg), and fed either a standard control diet or a high-fat diet. In-vitro receptor autoradiography binding was performed using [3H] MK-801 as a measure of NMDAR expression. Results showed that olanzapine, irrespective of the diet, significantly decreased [3H] MK-801 binding within the cingulate cortex, substantia nigra, insular cortex, piriform cortex, ectorhinal cortex and perirhinal cortex, the forelimb region of the somatosensory cortex, and all quadrants of the caudate-putamen. In contrast, haloperidol treatment did not impact [3H] MK-801 binding, and we also report no effect of diet on [3H] MK-801 binding. These data suggest that the effects seen in olanzapine treatment are not mediated by diet, nor does a 28-day chronic high-fat diet alter [3H] MK-801 binding. Furthermore, these data also importantly support that combined consumption of a high-fat diet and pharmacological treatments are not immediately detrimental to NMDARs and contribute to the expansive literature of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Waldman
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions, Clinical and Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biosciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Brittany Richardson
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions, Clinical and Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biosciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA; Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - John Hamilton
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions, Clinical and Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biosciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Panayotis Thanos
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions, Clinical and Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biosciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA; Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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Perdikaris P, Dermon CR. Behavioral and neurochemical profile of MK-801 adult zebrafish model: Forebrain β 2-adrenoceptors contribute to social withdrawal and anxiety-like behavior. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2022; 115:110494. [PMID: 34896197 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Deficits in social communication and interaction are core clinical symptoms characterizing multiple neuropsychiatric conditions, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia. Interestingly, elevated anxiety levels are a common comorbid psychopathology characterizing individuals with aberrant social behavior. Despite recent progress, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms that link anxiety with social withdrawal remain poorly understood. The present study developed a zebrafish pharmacological model displaying social withdrawal behavior, following a 3-h exposure to 4 μΜ (+)-MK-801, a non-competitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, for 7 days. Interestingly, MK-801-treated zebrafish displayed elevated anxiety levels along with higher frequency of stereotypical behaviors, rendering this zebrafish model appropriate to unravel a possible link of catecholaminergic and ASD-like phenotypes. MK-801-treated zebrafish showed increased telencephalic protein expression of metabotropic glutamate 5 receptor (mGluR5), dopamine transporter (DAT) and β2-adrenergic receptors (β2-ARs), supporting the presence of excitation/inhibition imbalance along with altered dopaminergic and noradrenergic activity. Interestingly, β2-ARs expression, was differentially regulated across the Social Decision-Making (SDM) network nodes, exhibiting increased levels in ventral telencephalic area (Vv), a key-area integrating reward and social circuits but decreased expression in dorso-medial telencephalic area (Dm) and anterior tuberal nucleus (ATN). Moreover, the co-localization of β2-ARs with elements of GABAergic and glutamatergic systems, as well as with GAP-43, a protein indicating increased brain plasticity potential, support the key-role of β2-ARs in the MK-801 zebrafish social dysfunctions. Our results highlight the importance of the catecholaminergic neurotransmission in the manifestation of ASD-like behavior, representing a site of potential interventions for amelioration of ASD-like symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Perdikaris
- Human and Animal Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Patras, Rio, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Catherine R Dermon
- Human and Animal Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Patras, Rio, 26500 Patras, Greece.
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Liang L, Ren X, Xu J, Ma Y, Xue Y, Zhuang T, Zhang G. Effect of Co-Treatment of Olanzapine with SEP-363856 in Mice Models of Schizophrenia. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27082550. [PMID: 35458749 PMCID: PMC9024832 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Olanzapine is a commonly used drug in the treatment of schizophrenia, but its clinical application has been restricted by metabolic-related side effects. In order to mitigate the weight gain side effects caused by olanzapine, other drugs with different targets were selected for combined use and evaluated in animal models of schizophrenia. SEP-363856 is a novel psychotropic agent which is under phase III clinical trials for schizophrenia treatment. The aim of the research was to evaluate whether co-administration of olanzapine and SEP-363856 exerts synergistic anti-schizophrenic effects in the apomorphine (APO)-induced climbing test, the MK-801-induced hyperactivity test, and the Morris water maze test, and therefore reduces the weight gain side effects induced by olanzapine. Through isobolographic analysis, the results showed a synergistic interaction in the climbing test; the experimental ED30 (3 mg/kg) was significantly smaller (p < 0.05) than the theoretical ED30 (5 mg/kg). Additionally, such potentiating effects appeared additive in the MK-801 challenge experiment. Co-treatment with an effective dose of olanzapine and a low dose of SEP-363856 reversed MK-801-induced cognitive impairment symptoms in mice. Moreover, combination treatment with olanzapine and SEP-363856 controls sustained weight gain in mice with chronic exposure to olanzapine. These results support further clinical trials to test the effectiveness of co-treatment of olanzapine and SEP-363856 for controlling symptoms and weight gain in patients with schizophrenia during antipsychotic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhi Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (L.L.); (X.R.); (J.X.); (Y.M.); (Y.X.)
| | - Xia Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (L.L.); (X.R.); (J.X.); (Y.M.); (Y.X.)
| | - Junyi Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (L.L.); (X.R.); (J.X.); (Y.M.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yurong Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (L.L.); (X.R.); (J.X.); (Y.M.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yunlin Xue
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (L.L.); (X.R.); (J.X.); (Y.M.); (Y.X.)
| | - Tao Zhuang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (L.L.); (X.R.); (J.X.); (Y.M.); (Y.X.)
- Correspondence: (T.Z.); (G.Z.); Tel.: +86-27-8779-2235 (G.Z.)
| | - Guisen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (L.L.); (X.R.); (J.X.); (Y.M.); (Y.X.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Correspondence: (T.Z.); (G.Z.); Tel.: +86-27-8779-2235 (G.Z.)
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Jelokhani M, Vazir B, Zendehdel M, Jahandideh A. Interactions of Cholecystokinin and Glutamatergic Systems in Feeding Behavior of Neonatal Chickens. Arch Razi Inst 2022; 77:681-688. [PMID: 36284938 PMCID: PMC9548248 DOI: 10.22092/ari.2022.357300.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the possible feeding behavior alterations by central interactions of cholecystokinin (CCK) and glutamatergic systems in neonatal chickens. In experiment 1, chickens received intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of saline and CCK (CCK4; 0.25, 0.5, and 1 nmol). In experiment 2, birds were ICV injected with saline, CCK8s (0.25, 0.5, and 1 nmol). In experiment 3, chickens received the ICV injection of saline, CCK8s (1 nmol), MK-801 (15 nmol), and co-injection of the CCk8s+MK-801. Experiments 4-7 were performed similar to experiment 3, except for chickens that were injected with CNQX (390 nmol), AIDA (2 nmol), LY341495 (150 nmol), and UBP1112 (2 nmol) instead of MK-801. Subsequently, the total amount of the consumed food was determined. According to the results, the ICV administration of CCK4 (0.25, 0.5, and 1 nmol) could not affect the food intake in chickens (P>0.05). The ICV injection of the CCK8s (0.25, 0.5, and 1 nmol) led to a dose-dependent hypophagia (P<0.05). Moreover, hypophagia induced by CCK8s decreased by the co-injection of the CCK8s+MK-801 (P<0.05). These results showed that the hypophagic effects of the CCK on food intake can be mediated by NMDA glutamate receptors in layer-type chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jelokhani
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - B Vazir
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Zendehdel
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Jahandideh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Kayir H, Jenkins BW, Alural B, Khokhar JY. Clozapine Increases Nestin Concentration in the Adult Male Rat Hippocampus: A Preliminary Study. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073436. [PMID: 35408792 PMCID: PMC8998718 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with schizophrenia, and rodent models of the disease, both exhibit suppressed neurogenesis, with antipsychotics possibly enhancing neurogenesis in pre-clinical models. Nestin, a cytoskeletal protein, is implicated in neuronal differentiation and adult neurogenesis. We hypothesized that schizophrenia pathogenesis involves nestin downregulation; however, few studies have related nestin to schizophrenia. We assessed nestin protein concentration, prepulse inhibition (PPI), and social interaction in the MK-801 model of schizophrenia, with or without antipsychotic (clozapine) treatment. Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were intraperitoneally administered saline or MK-801 (0.1 mg/kg) to produce a schizophrenia-like phenotype, with concomitant subcutaneous injections of vehicle or clozapine (5 mg/kg). PPI was assessed on days 1, 8, and 15, and social interaction was assessed on day 4. Hippocampus tissue samples were dissected for Western blotting of nestin concentration. MK-801 alone did not alter nestin concentration, while clozapine alone enhanced hippocampal nestin concentration; this effect was not apparent in animals with MK-801 and clozapine co-administration. MK-801 also produced schizophrenia-like PPI disruptions, some of which were reversed by clozapine. Social interaction deficits were not detected in this model. This is the first report of clozapine-induced enhancements of hippocampal nestin concentration that might be mediated by NMDA receptors. Future studies will explore the impact of neurodevelopmental nestin concentration on symptom onset and antipsychotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Kayir
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (H.K.); (B.W.J.)
| | - Bryan W. Jenkins
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (H.K.); (B.W.J.)
| | - Begüm Alural
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
| | - Jibran Y. Khokhar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (H.K.); (B.W.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(519)-824-4120 (ext. 54239)
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Ness TJ, DeWitte C, DeBerry JJ. Spinal neurochemical mechanisms of acute stress-induced visceral hypersensitivity in healthy rats. Neurosci Lett 2022; 770:136401. [PMID: 34929317 PMCID: PMC8810671 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Psychological stress has been demonstrated to increase reports of pain in humans with pelvic pain of urologic origin. In rodent models, conditioning with acute footshock (AFS) has been demonstrated to increase measures of stress/anxiety as well as bladder hypersensitivity. The spinal neurochemical mechanisms of this pro-nociceptive process are unknown and so the present study administered antagonists for multiple receptors that have been associated with facilitatory mechanisms into the spinal intrathecal space. Bladder hypersensitivity was induced through use of an AFS paradigm in which female Sprague-Dawley rats received a 15-min intermittent shock treatment. Visceromotor responses (VMRs; abdominal muscle contractions) to air pressure-controlled urinary bladder distension (UBD) were used as nociceptive endpoints. Immediately following AFS treatments, rats were anesthetized (inhaled isoflurane, IP urethane) and surgically prepared. Pharmacological antagonists were administered via an intrathecal (IT) catheter onto the lumbosacral spinal cord and VMRs to graded UBD determined 15 min later. Administration of IT naloxone hydrochloride (10 μg) and IT phentolamine hydrochloride (10 μg) resulted in VMRs that were more robust than VMRs in rats that received AFS and IT normal saline whereas there was no significant effect of these drugs on VMRs in rats which underwent non-footshock procedures. In contrast, a low dose of the NMDA-receptor antagonist, MK-801 (30 μg), significantly reduced VMRs in rats made hypersensitive to UBD by AFS, but had no significant effect on rats that underwent non-footshock procedures. This study suggests that pro-nociceptive effects of AFS in otherwise healthy rats involve a spinal NMDA-linked mechanism. The effects of IT naloxone and IT phentolamine suggest the presence of inhibitory influences that are opioidergic and/or alpha-adrenergic and that are masked by the pro-nociceptive mechanisms. Other agents with no statistically significant effect on VMRs include methysergide (30 μg), ondansetron (10 μg), mecamylamine (50 μg), antalarmin (24 μg), aSVG30 (12 μg), and SSR149415 (50 μg).
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Ness
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States.
| | - Cary DeWitte
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States.
| | - Jennifer J DeBerry
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States.
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Miller-Rhodes P, Piazza N, Mattle A, Teboul E, Ehmann M, Morris-Schaffer K, Markowski VP. Sex-specific behavioral impairments produced by neonatal exposure to MK-801 are partially reversed by adolescent CDPPB treatment. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2022; 89:107053. [PMID: 34826568 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2021.107053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Psychomimetic behaviors manifest in adult rodents long after neonatal exposure to the noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801. In the present study, we used this neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia to evaluate the therapeutic potential of positive allosteric modulation of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) during adolescence. To this end, we randomly assigned male and female C57BL6 mouse littermates to one of three treatment groups: (i) neonatal and adolescent saline, (ii) neonatal MK-801 (0.25 mg/kg) and adolescent saline, and (iii) neonatal MK-801 and adolescent CDPPB (10 mg/kg), a positive allosteric modulator of mGluR5. When animals reached adulthood, a wide range of behavioral tests were conducted including sucrose preference, anxiety assessment in the elevated plus maze, and a series of food-reinforced operant procedures meant to assess motor activity, motivation, learning, and attention. Neonatal MK-801 exposure produced profound motor hyperactivity in both sexes and attenuated sucrose preference in males, effects that were reversed by CDPPB. MK-801 produced other deficits such as impaired set shifting or response inhibition deficits that were not reversed by CDPPB. Overall, female mice were more susceptible to MK-801's behavioral effects than males. These findings further support the use of neonatal MK-801 exposure as an animal model of schizophrenia and suggest that CDPPB can reverse the neurodevelopmental progression of some schizophrenia-like behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Miller-Rhodes
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Geneseo, Geneseo, NY 14454, United States of America
| | - Nadine Piazza
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Geneseo, Geneseo, NY 14454, United States of America
| | - Anna Mattle
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Geneseo, Geneseo, NY 14454, United States of America
| | - Eric Teboul
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Geneseo, Geneseo, NY 14454, United States of America
| | - Megan Ehmann
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Geneseo, Geneseo, NY 14454, United States of America
| | - Keith Morris-Schaffer
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Geneseo, Geneseo, NY 14454, United States of America
| | - Vincent P Markowski
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Geneseo, Geneseo, NY 14454, United States of America.
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Wąsik A, Białoń M, Jantas D, Żarnowska M. The Impact of the Combined Administration of 1MeTIQ and MK-801 on Cell Viability, Oxidative Stress Markers, and Glutamate Release in the Rat Hippocampus. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:1747-1761. [PMID: 34665405 PMCID: PMC8639582 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00428-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
MK-801, as an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor inhibitor, causes elevation in glutamate release, which may lead to an increase in excitotoxicity, oxidative stress and, consequently, cell death. 1-Methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (1MeTIQ) shows antioxidant activity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of combined treatment with 1MeTIQ and MK-801 on cell viability, antioxidant enzyme activity, and glutamate release in the rat hippocampus. Cytotoxicity was measured using lactate dehydrogenase leakage assay (LDH) and the methyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay; antioxidant enzyme activity (glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT)) were measured by ELISA kits. The release of glutamate in the rat hippocampus was measured using in vivo microdialysis methodology. An in vitro study showed that MK-801 induced cell death in a concentration-dependent manner and that 1MeTIQ partially reduced this adverse effect of MK-801. An ex vivo study indicated that MK-801 produced an increase in antioxidant enzyme activity (GPx, GR, and SOD), whereas coadministration of MK-801 and 1MeTIQ restored the activity of these enzymes to the control level. An in vivo microdialysis study demonstrated that combined treatment with both drugs decreased the release of glutamate in the rat hippocampus. The above results revealed that 1MeTIQ shows limited neuroprotective activity under conditions of glutamate-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Wąsik
- Department of Neurochemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology PAS, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Białoń
- Department of Neurochemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology PAS, Krakow, Poland
| | - Danuta Jantas
- Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology PAS, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marcelina Żarnowska
- Department of Neurochemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology PAS, Krakow, Poland
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Akosman MS, Türkmen R, Demirel HH. Investigation of the protective effect of resveratrol in an MK-801-induced mouse model of schizophrenia. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:65872-65884. [PMID: 34322799 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15664-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence supports the view that oxidative stress and brain demyelination play an important role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Resveratrol is a powerful antioxidant with neuroprotective effects. This study aimed to assess the effect of resveratrol on schizophrenia-like behaviors and possible brain demyelination induced by MK-801, an N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor antagonist, and the underlying neuroprotective mechanism. Resveratrol (40 mg/kg/day/, intraperitoneal) was administered to mice for 14 days. MK-801 (1 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneal) was injected into the mice 4 h after the resveratrol administration for 14 days. The open-field and elevated-plus maze tests were performed to detect behavior changes on the 15th day. Following the behavioral tests, the expression of the myelin basic protein (MBP) was measured with the real-time PCR (RT-PCR) method, while total oxidant capacity (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAS), which are the biomarkers of oxidative damage, were measured with the ELISA method. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was also used to identify stereological and pathological changes in the brain. According to the results obtained, this study showed for the first time that resveratrol prevented glial cell infiltration induced in the brain by MK-801 and shrinkage of nerve cell nuclei in the hippocampus and corpus callosum. However, the resveratrol administrations did not correct behavioral disorders and demyelination of schizophrenia. Although resveratrol partially prevented oxidative damage in the brain in the mice that were injected with MK-801, it was determined that this effect was not statistically significant. These results showed that resveratrol administration partially protects tissues against MK-801-induced neurodegeneration, and resveratrol may be used in combination with different antioxidants or at different doses in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Sırrı Akosman
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03200, Afyon, Turkey
| | - Ruhi Türkmen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03200, Afyon, Turkey.
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Valentina S, Blasio A, Ferragud A, Quadir SG, Iyer MR, Rice KC, Cottone P. Characterization of a differential reinforcement of low rates of responding task in non-deprived male and female rats: Role of Sigma-1 receptors. Neuropharmacology 2021; 200:108786. [PMID: 34516984 PMCID: PMC9869339 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Impulsive action can be defined as the inability to withhold a response and represents one of the dimensions of the broad construct impulsivity. Here, we characterized a modified differential reinforcement of low rates of responding (DRL) task developed in our laboratory, in which impulsive action is measured in ad libitum fed/watered subjects. Specifically, we first determined the effects of both sex and estrous cycle on impulsive action by systematically comparing male and estrous-synchronized female subjects. In addition, we evaluated the convergent validity of this modified DRL task by testing the effects of the D2R/5HT2AR antagonist, aripiprazole, and the noncompetitive NMDAR antagonist, MK-801. Finally, we tested the effects of the selective antagonist BD-1063 and agonist PRE-084 of Sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1R) on impulsive action using this modified DRL task. We found that female rats showed and increased inability to withhold a response when compared to males, and this effect was driven by the metestrus/diestrus phase of the estrous cycle. In addition, aripiprazole and MK-801 fully retained their capability to reduce and increase impulsive action, respectively. Finally, the selective Sig-1R antagonist, BD-1063 dose-dependently reduced the inability to withhold a response in both sexes, though more potently in female rats. In summary, we show that impulsive action, as measured in a modified DRL task which minimizes energy-homeostatic influences, is a function of both sex and estrous cycle. Furthermore, we validate the convergent validity of the task and provide evidence that Sig-1R antagonism may represent a novel pharmacological strategy to reduce impulsive action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabino Valentina
- Laboratory of Addictive Disorders, Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Angelo Blasio
- Laboratory of Addictive Disorders, Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Antonio Ferragud
- Laboratory of Addictive Disorders, Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sema G Quadir
- Laboratory of Addictive Disorders, Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Malliga R Iyer
- Section on Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kenner C Rice
- Drug Design and Synthesis, National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pietro Cottone
- Laboratory of Addictive Disorders, Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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