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Bates EA, Kipp ZA, Lee WH, Martinez GJ, Weaver L, Becker KN, Pauss SN, Creeden JF, Anspach GB, Helsley RN, Xu M, Bruno MEC, Starr ME, Hinds TD. FOXS1 is increased in liver fibrosis and regulates TGFβ responsiveness and proliferation pathways in human hepatic stellate cells. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105691. [PMID: 38280429 PMCID: PMC10878791 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis commences with liver injury stimulating transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), causing scarring and irreversible damage. TGFβ induces expression of the transcription factor Forkhead box S1 (FOXS1) in hepatocytes and may have a role in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To date, no studies have determined how it affects HSCs. We analyzed human livers with cirrhosis, HCC, and a murine fibrosis model and found that FOXS1 expression is significantly higher in fibrotic livers but not in HCC. Next, we treated human LX2 HSC cells with TGFβ to activate fibrotic pathways, and FOXS1 mRNA was significantly increased. To study TGFβ-FOXS1 signaling, we developed human LX2 FOXS1 CRISPR KO and scrambled control HSCs. To determine differentially expressed gene transcripts controlled by TGFβ-FOXS1, we performed RNA-seq in the FOXS1 KO and control cells and over 400 gene responses were attenuated in the FOXS1 KO HSCs with TGFβ-activation. To validate the RNA-seq findings, we used our state-of-the-art PamGene PamStation kinase activity technology that measures hundreds of signaling pathways nonselectively in real time. Using our RNA-seq data, kinase activity data, and descriptive measurements, we found that FOXS1 controls pathways mediating TGFβ responsiveness, protein translation, and proliferation. Our study is the first to identify that FOXS1 may serve as a biomarker for liver fibrosis and HSC activation, which may help with early detection of hepatic fibrosis or treatment options for end-stage liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn A Bates
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Zachary A Kipp
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Wang-Hsin Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Genesee J Martinez
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Lauren Weaver
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kathryn N Becker
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Sally N Pauss
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Justin F Creeden
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Garrett B Anspach
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Robert N Helsley
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Mei Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Maria E C Bruno
- Division of Research, Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Marlene E Starr
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; Division of Research, Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Terry D Hinds
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
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O'Brien BS, Mokry RL, Schumacher ML, Rosas-Rogers S, Terhune SS, Ebert AD. Neutralizing antibodies with neurotropic factor treatment maintain neurodevelopmental gene expression upon exposure to human cytomegalovirus. J Virol 2023; 97:e0069623. [PMID: 37796129 PMCID: PMC10653813 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00696-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is the leading cause of non-heritable birth defects worldwide. HCMV readily infects the early progenitor cell population of the developing brain, and we have found that infection leads to significantly downregulated expression of key neurodevelopmental transcripts. Currently, there are no approved therapies to prevent or mitigate the effects of congenital HCMV infection. Therefore, we used human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids and neural progenitor cells to elucidate the glycoproteins and receptors used in the viral entry process and whether antibody neutralization was sufficient to block viral entry and prevent disruption of neurodevelopmental gene expression. We found that blocking viral entry alone was insufficient to maintain the expression of key neurodevelopmental genes, but neutralization combined with neurotrophic factor treatment provided robust protection. Together, these studies offer novel insight into mechanisms of HCMV infection in neural tissues, which may aid future therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin S. O'Brien
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Rebekah L. Mokry
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Megan L. Schumacher
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Suzette Rosas-Rogers
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Scott S. Terhune
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- Marquette University and Medical College of Wisconsin Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Allison D. Ebert
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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Hua X, Feng X, Liang G, Chao J, Wang D. Long-term exposure to 6-PPD quinone reduces reproductive capacity by enhancing germline apoptosis associated with activation of both DNA damage and cell corpse engulfment in Caenorhabditis elegans. J Hazard Mater 2023; 454:131495. [PMID: 37119572 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Recently, 6-PPD quinone (6-PPDQ), a derivative of tire antioxidant 6-PPD, was reported to have acute toxicity for organisms. However, the possible reproductive toxicity of 6-PPDQ is still largely unclear. In this study, the reproductive toxicity of 6-PPDQ after long-term exposure was further investigated in Caenorhabditis elegans. Exposure to 1 and 10 μg/L 6-PPDQ reduced the reproductive capacity. Meanwhile, exposure to 1 and 10 μg/L 6-PPDQ enhanced the germline apoptosis, which was accompanied by upregulation of ced-3, ced-4, and egl-1 expressions and downregulation of ced-9 expression. The observed increase in germline apoptosis in 1 and 10 μg/L 6-PPDQ exposed nematodes was associated with the enhancement in DNA damage and increase in expressions of related genes of cep-1, clk-2, hus-1, and mrt-2. The detected enhancement in germline apoptosis in 1 and 10 μg/L 6-PPDQ exposed nematodes was further associated with the increase in expressions of ced-1 and ced-6 governing the cell corpse engulfment process. Molecular docking analysis indicated the binding potentials of 6-PPDQ with three DNA damage checkpoints (CLK-2, HUS-1, and MRT-2) and corpse-recognizing phagocytic receptor CED-1. Therefore, our data suggested the toxicity on reproductive capacity by 6-PPDQ at environmentally relevant concentrations by enhancing DNA damage- and cell corpse engulfment-induced germline apoptosis in organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hua
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Geyu Liang
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jie Chao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Singh L, Atilano S, Chwa M, Singh MK, Ozgul M, Nesburn A, Kenney MC. Using Human 'Personalized' Cybrids to Identify Drugs/Agents That Can Regulate Chronic Lymphoblastic Leukemia Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11025. [PMID: 37446202 PMCID: PMC10341973 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study uses personalized chronic lymphoblastic leukemia (CLL) cybrid cells to test various drugs/agents designed to improve mitochondrial function and cell longevity. Age-matched control (NL) and CLL cybrids were created. The NL and CLL cybrids were treated with ibrutinib (Ibr-10 μM), mitochondrial-targeted nutraceuticals such as alpha lipoic acid (ALA-1 mM), amla (Aml-300 μg), melatonin (Mel-1 mM), resveratrol (Res-100 μM) alone, or a combination of ibrutinib with nutraceuticals (Ibr + ALA, Ibr + Aml, Ibr + Mel, or Ibr + Res) for 48 h. MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide), H2DCFDA(2',7' Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate), and JC1 assays were used to measure the cellular metabolism, intracellular ROS levels, and mitochondrial membrane potential (∆ψm), respectively. The expression levels of genes associated with antioxidant enzymes (SOD2, GPX3, and NOX4), apoptosis (BAX and CASP3), and inflammation (IL6, IL-1β, TNFα, and TGFβ) were measured using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). CLL cybrids treated with Ibr + ALA, Ibr + Aml, Ibr + Mel, and Ibr + Res had (a) reduced cell survivability, (b) increased ROS production, (c) increased ∆ψm levels, (d) decreased antioxidant gene expression levels, and (e) increased apoptotic and inflammatory genes in CLL cybrids when compared with ibrutinib-alone-treated CLL cybrids. Our findings show that the addition of nutraceuticals makes the CLL cybrids more pro-apoptotic with decreased cell survival compared with CLL cybrids exposed to ibrutinib alone.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Antioxidants/metabolism
- Antioxidants/pharmacology
- Antioxidants/therapeutic use
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Mitochondria/drug effects
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Mitochondria/pathology
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Hybrid Cells
- Dietary Supplements
- Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/drug effects
- Gene Expression/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Lata Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (L.S.); (S.A.); (M.C.); (M.K.S.); (M.O.); (A.N.)
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Institute, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Shari Atilano
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (L.S.); (S.A.); (M.C.); (M.K.S.); (M.O.); (A.N.)
| | - Marilyn Chwa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (L.S.); (S.A.); (M.C.); (M.K.S.); (M.O.); (A.N.)
| | - Mithalesh K. Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (L.S.); (S.A.); (M.C.); (M.K.S.); (M.O.); (A.N.)
| | - Mustafa Ozgul
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (L.S.); (S.A.); (M.C.); (M.K.S.); (M.O.); (A.N.)
| | - Anthony Nesburn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (L.S.); (S.A.); (M.C.); (M.K.S.); (M.O.); (A.N.)
| | - M. Cristina Kenney
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (L.S.); (S.A.); (M.C.); (M.K.S.); (M.O.); (A.N.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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Ren MS, Ding Y, Li ZH, Wu YM, Huang SM, Luo LL, Zhang YJ, Shi M, Xia XL, Liu B. [Effect of Erxian Decoction-containing serum on H_2O_2-induced proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells via BK channels]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2023; 48:2522-2529. [PMID: 37282881 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20230103.703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of Erxian Decoction(EXD)-containing serum on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells under oxidative stress through BK channels. The oxidative stress model was induced in MC3T3-E1 cells by H_2O_2, and 3 mmol·L~(-1) tetraethylammonium(TEA) chloride was used to block the BK channels in MC3T3-E1 cells. MC3T3-E1 cells were divided into a control group, a model group, an EXD group, a TEA group, and a TEA+EXD group. After MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with corresponding drugs for 2 days, 700 μmol·L~(-1) H_2O_2 was added for treatment for another 2 hours. CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell proliferation activity. The alkaline phosphatase(ALP) assay kit was used to detect the ALP activity of cells. Western blot and real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR) were used to detect protein and mRNA expression, respectively. Alizarin red staining was used to detect the mineralization area of osteoblasts. The results showed that compared with the control group, the model group showed significantly blunted cell proliferation activity and ALP activity, reduced expression of BK channel α subunit(BKα), collagen Ⅰ(COL1), bone morphogenetic protein 2(BMP2), osteoprotegerin(OPG), and phosphorylated Akt, decreased mRNA expression levels of Runt-related transcription factor 2(RUNX2), BMP2, and OPG, and declining area of calcium nodules. EXD-containing serum could significantly potentiate the cell proliferation activity and ALP activity, up-regulate the protein expression of BKα, COL1, BMP2, OPG, and phosphorylated Akt, and forkhead box protein O1(FoxO1), promote the mRNA expression of RUNX2, BMP2, and OPG, and enlarge the area of calcium nodules. However, BK channel blockage by TEA reversed the effects of EXD-containing serum in promoting the protein expression of BKα, COL1, BMP2, OPG, and phosphorylated Akt and FoxO1, increasing the mRNA expression of RUNX2, BMP2, and OPG, and enlarging the area of calcium nodules. EXD-containing serum could improve the proliferation activity, osteogenic differentiation, and mineralization ability of MC3T3-E1 cells under oxidative stress, which might be related to the regulation of BK channels and downstream Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Shi Ren
- School of Pharmacy,Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004,China Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Senile Disease, Jiangxi Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004,China
| | - Yu Ding
- School of Pharmacy,Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004,China Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Senile Disease, Jiangxi Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004,China
| | - Zi-Han Li
- School of Pharmacy,Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004,China Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Senile Disease, Jiangxi Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004,China
| | - Yu-Meng Wu
- School of Pharmacy,Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004,China Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Senile Disease, Jiangxi Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004,China
| | - Si-Min Huang
- School of Pharmacy,Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004,China Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Senile Disease, Jiangxi Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004,China
| | - Lan-Lan Luo
- School of Pharmacy,Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004,China Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Senile Disease, Jiangxi Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004,China
| | - Yu-Jing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy,Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004,China Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Senile Disease, Jiangxi Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004,China
| | - Min Shi
- College of Life Sciences,Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004,China
| | - Xun-Li Xia
- College of Life Sciences,Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004,China
| | - Bo Liu
- School of Pharmacy,Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004,China Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Senile Disease, Jiangxi Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004,China
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Jaouani R, Roman C, Decaix J, Lagarde F, Châtel A. Effect of aging of microplastics on gene expression levels of the marine mussel Mytilus edulis: Comparison in vitro/in vivo exposures. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 189:114767. [PMID: 36870134 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, effects of aging MPs of polyethylene (PE) were investigated in the marine mussel Mytilus edulis, commonly used as bioindicator of aquatic ecosystem, using both in vitro and in vivo exposures, using concentrations found in marine waters (0.008, 10 and 100 μg.L-1). Changes in gene expression levels implicated in detoxification, immune system, cytoskeletton and cell cycle control were evaluated by quantitative RT-qPCR. Results demonstrated differential expression levels depending upon the state of plastic degradation (aged vs non-aged) and way of exposure (vitro vs vivo). This study highlighted the interest of using molecular biomarkers based on analysis of gene expression pattern in an ecotoxicological context that gives indication of relative slight changes between tested conditions as compared to other biochemical approaches (e.g. enzymatic activities). In addition, in vitro analysis could be used to generate large amount of data as regards to the toxicological effects of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rihab Jaouani
- Biology of Organisms Stress Health Environment (BIOSSE), Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Angers, France; Institut des Molécules et des Matériaux du Mans, UMR CNRS 6283, Le Mans Université, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex, France
| | - Coraline Roman
- Biology of Organisms Stress Health Environment (BIOSSE), Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Angers, France
| | - Justine Decaix
- Biology of Organisms Stress Health Environment (BIOSSE), Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Angers, France
| | - Fabienne Lagarde
- Institut des Molécules et des Matériaux du Mans, UMR CNRS 6283, Le Mans Université, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex, France
| | - Amélie Châtel
- Biology of Organisms Stress Health Environment (BIOSSE), Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Angers, France.
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Li MM, Zhao H, Zhang L, Dai ZQ, Wu X, Tang XD, Liao X. [Systematic review and Meta-analysis of efficacy and safety of Fengliao Changweikang prescription in treatment of acute gastroenteritis]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2023; 48:1951-1961. [PMID: 37282972 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20221121.501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study systematically evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety of Fengliao Changweikang prescription for treating acute gastroenteritis(AGE). The databases of CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, Medline, Cochrane Library and two clinical trial registration platforms were retrieved from inception to August 30, 2022, to collect randomized controlled trial(RCT) on Fengliao Changweikang prescription treating AGE. Two researchers independently conducted literature screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment according to pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria. RevMan 5.4.1 was used for data analysis. Finally, 18 RCTs were included, involving 3 489 patients. Meta-analysis showed that compared with conventional western medicine, Fengliao Changweikang prescription improved the relief rate of abdominal pain(RR=1.27, 95%CI[1.17, 1.38],P<0.000 01); Fengliao Changweikang prescription + conventional western medicine increased the cure rate(RR=1.43, 95%CI[1.12, 1.82], P=0.004), shortened the duration of diarrhoea(RR=-1.65, 95%CI[-2.44,-0.86], P<0.000 1), abdominal pain(RR=-1.46, 95%CI[-2.00,-0.92], P<0.000 01), vomiting(RR=-2.16, 95%CI[-2.51,-1.81], P<0.000 01) and fever(RR=-2.61, 95%CI[-4.00,-1.23], P=0.000 2), down-regulated the level of interleukin-8(IL-8)(RR=-1.07, 95%CI[-1.26,-0.88], P<0.000 01), IL-6(RR=-8.24, 95%CI[-8.99,-7.49], P<0.000 01) and hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP)(RR=-3.04, 95%CI[-3.40,-2.69], P<0.000 01) and recurrence of AGE(RR=0.20, 95%CI[0.05, 0.90], P<0.04). In conclusion, Fengliao Changweikang prescription was safe in clinical application. It was beneficial to alleviate the clinical symptoms of diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting, and fever, and down-regulate the levels of some serum inflammatory factors in AGE patients. However, considering that few high-quality studies have evaluated the efficacy and safety of Fengliao Changweikang prescription in treatment of AGE, further evidence is needed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao-Miao Li
- Center for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- China Center for Evidence Based Chinese Medicine Beijing 100700, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Center for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ze-Qi Dai
- Center for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xue Wu
- Center for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xu-Dong Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100091, China
| | - Xing Liao
- Center for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
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Yang G, Zhou SY, Wang J, Hu J, Pan JH. [Integrated strategy for biomarkers of stable coronary heart disease with phlegm and blood stasis syndrome based on RNA-seq and network pharmacology]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2023; 48:1908-1915. [PMID: 37282967 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20221114.701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the biological foundation and biomarkers of stable coronary heart disease(CHD) with phlegm and blood stasis(PBS) syndrome based on RNA-seq and network pharmacology. Peripheral blood nucleated cells from five CHD patients with PBS syndrome, five CHD patients with non-PBS syndrome, and five healthy adults were collected for RNA-seq. The specific targets of CHD with PBS syndrome were determined by differential gene expression analysis and Venn diagram analysis. The active ingredients of Danlou Tablets were screened out from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform, and the "component-target" prediction was completed through PubChem and SwissTargetPrediction. The "drug-ingredient-target-signaling pathway" network of Danlou Tablets against CHD with PBS syndrome was optimized by Cytoscape software. After the target biomarkers were identified, 90 participants were enrolled for diagnostic tests, and 30 CHD patients with PBS syndrome were included in before-and-after experiment to determine the therapeutic effect of Danlou Tablets on those targets. As revealed by RNA-seq and Venn diagram analysis, 200 specific genes were identified for CHD with PBS syndrome. A total of 1 118 potential therapeutic targets of Danlou Tablets were predicted through network pharmacology. Through integrated analysis of the two gene sets, 13 key targets of Danlou Tablets in the treatment of CHD with PBS syndrome were screened out, including CSF1, AKR1C2, PDGFRB, ARG1, CNR2, ALOX15B, ALDH1A1, CTSL, PLA2G7, LAP3, AKR1C3, IGFBP3, and CA1. They were presumably the biomarkers of CHD with PBS syndrome. The ELISA test further showed that CSF1 was significantly up-regulated in the peripheral blood of CHD patients with PBS syndrome, and was significantly down-regulated after Danlou Tablets intervention. CSF1 may be a biomarker for CHD with PBS syndrome, and it is positively correlated with the severity of the disease. The diagnostic cut-off of CSF1 for CHD with PBS syndrome was 286 pg·mL~(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100053, China
| | - Si-Yuan Zhou
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100053, China
| | - Ju-Hua Pan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100053, China
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Zhang ZX, Jiang L, Liu DZ, Tao BN, Hou ZM, Tian MJ, Feng J, Yuan L. [Alcohol extract of root and root bark of Toddalia asiatica alleviates CIA in rats through anti-inflammatory and proapoptotic effects]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2023; 48:2203-2211. [PMID: 37282908 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20230103.706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effect of alcohol extract of root and root bark of Toddalia asiatica(TAAE) on collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) in rats through phosphatidylinoinosidine-3 kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway. To be specific, CIA was induced in rats, and then the rats were treated(oral, daily) with TAAE and Tripterygium Glycoside Tablets(TGT), respectively. The swelling degree of the hind leg joints was scored weekly. After 35 days of administration, the histopathological changes were observed based on hematoxylin and eosin(HE) staining. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was employed to detect the levels of cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin(IL)-6)]. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL) staining was performed to detect the apoptosis of synoviocytes in rats. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2)-associated X(Bax), Bcl-2, and caspase-3 and pathway-related proteins phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K), phosphorylated(p)-PI3K, protein kinase B(Akt), and p-Akt. RT-qPCR was conducted to examine the mRNA levels of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β and pathway-related proteins PI3K, p-PI3K, Akt, and p-Akt. TAAE can alleviate the joint swelling in CIA rats, reduce serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, improve synovial histopathological changes, promote apoptosis of synoviocytes, and inhibit synovial inflammation. In addition, RT-qPCR and Western blot results showed that TAAE up-regulated the level of Bax, down-regulated the level of Bcl-2, and activated caspase-3 to promote apoptosis in synoviocytes. TAAE effectively down-regulated the protein levels of p-PI3K and p-Akt. In this study, TAAE shows therapeutic effect on CIA in rats and reduces the inflammation. The mechanism is that it suppresses PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and promotes synoviocyte apoptosis. Overall, this study provides a new clue for the research on the anti-inflammatory mechanism of TAAE and lays a theoretical basis for the better clinical application of TAAE in the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Xing Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University Enshi 445000, China Medical School, Hubei Minzu University Enshi 445000, China
| | - Lu Jiang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University Enshi 445000, China Medical School, Hubei Minzu University Enshi 445000, China
| | - Dao-Zhong Liu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University Enshi 445000, China Medical School, Hubei Minzu University Enshi 445000, China
| | - Bo-Nan Tao
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University Enshi 445000, China Medical School, Hubei Minzu University Enshi 445000, China
| | - Zi-Ming Hou
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University Enshi 445000, China Medical School, Hubei Minzu University Enshi 445000, China
| | - Meng-Jie Tian
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University Enshi 445000, China Medical School, Hubei Minzu University Enshi 445000, China
| | - Jia Feng
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University Enshi 445000, China Medical School, Hubei Minzu University Enshi 445000, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University Enshi 445000, China Medical School, Hubei Minzu University Enshi 445000, China
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Navarrete-Meneses MDP, Salas-Labadía C, Juárez-Velázquez MDR, Moreno-Lorenzana D, Gómez-Chávez F, Olaya-Vargas A, Pérez-Vera P. Exposure to Insecticides Modifies Gene Expression and DNA Methylation in Hematopoietic Tissues In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6259. [PMID: 37047231 PMCID: PMC10094043 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The evidence supporting the biological plausibility of the association of permethrin and malathion with hematological cancer is limited and contradictory; thus, further studies are needed. This study aimed to investigate whether in vitro exposure to 0.1 μM permethrin and malathion at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h after cell culture initiation induced changes in the gene expression and DNA methylation in mononuclear cells from bone marrow and peripheral blood (BMMCs, PBMCs). Both pesticides induced several gene expression modifications in both tissues. Through gene ontology analysis, we found that permethrin deregulates ion channels in PBMCs and BMMCs and that malathion alters genes coding proteins with nucleic acid binding capacity, which was also observed in PBMCs exposed to permethrin. Additionally, we found that both insecticides deregulate genes coding proteins with chemotaxis functions, ion channels, and cytokines. Several genes deregulated in this study are potentially associated with cancer onset and development, and some of them have been reported to be deregulated in hematological cancer. We found that permethrin does not induce DNA hypermethylation but can induce hypomethylation, and that malathion generated both types of events. Our results suggest that these pesticides have the potential to modify gene expression through changes in promoter DNA methylation and potentially through other mechanisms that should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- María del Pilar Navarrete-Meneses
- Laboratorio de Genética y Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico; (M.d.P.N.-M.); (C.S.-L.); (M.d.R.J.-V.); (D.M.-L.)
| | - Consuelo Salas-Labadía
- Laboratorio de Genética y Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico; (M.d.P.N.-M.); (C.S.-L.); (M.d.R.J.-V.); (D.M.-L.)
| | - María del Rocío Juárez-Velázquez
- Laboratorio de Genética y Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico; (M.d.P.N.-M.); (C.S.-L.); (M.d.R.J.-V.); (D.M.-L.)
| | - Dafné Moreno-Lorenzana
- Laboratorio de Genética y Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico; (M.d.P.N.-M.); (C.S.-L.); (M.d.R.J.-V.); (D.M.-L.)
| | - Fernando Gómez-Chávez
- Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencia y Tecnología de Vacunas y Bioterapéuticos, Doctorado en Ciencias en Biotecnología, Laboratorio de Enfermedades Osteoarticulares e Inmunológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional-ENMyH, Mexico City 07738, Mexico;
| | - Alberto Olaya-Vargas
- Unidad de Trasplante de Células Hematopoyeticas y Terapia Celular, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico;
| | - Patricia Pérez-Vera
- Laboratorio de Genética y Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico; (M.d.P.N.-M.); (C.S.-L.); (M.d.R.J.-V.); (D.M.-L.)
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11
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Arefin A, Gage MC. Metformin, Empagliflozin, and Their Combination Modulate Ex-Vivo Macrophage Inflammatory Gene Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054785. [PMID: 36902218 PMCID: PMC10003317 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus is a complex, chronic illness characterized by persistent high blood glucose levels. Patients can be prescribed anti-diabetes drugs as single agents or in combination depending on the severity of their condition. Metformin and empagliflozin are two commonly prescribed anti-diabetes drugs which reduce hyperglycemia, however their direct effects on macrophage inflammatory responses alone or in combination are unreported. Here, we show that metformin and empagliflozin elicit proinflammatory responses on mouse bone-marrow-derived macrophages with single agent challenge, which are modulated when added in combination. In silico docking experiments suggested that empagliflozin can interact with both TLR2 and DECTIN1 receptors, and we observed that both empagliflozin and metformin increase expression of Tlr2 and Clec7a. Thus, findings from this study suggest that metformin and empagliflozin as single agents or in combination can directly modulate inflammatory gene expression in macrophages and upregulate the expression of their receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adittya Arefin
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Matthew C. Gage
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, 4 Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK
- Correspondence:
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12
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Su XL, Wang SH, Komal S, Cui LG, Ni RC, Zhang LR, Han SN. The caspase-1 inhibitor VX765 upregulates connexin 43 expression and improves cell-cell communication after myocardial infarction via suppressing the IL-1β/p38 MAPK pathway. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:2289-2301. [PMID: 35132192 PMCID: PMC9433445 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00845-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Connexin 43 (Cx43) is the most important protein in the gap junction channel between cardiomyocytes. Abnormalities of Cx43 change the conduction velocity and direction of cardiomyocytes, leading to reentry and conduction block of the myocardium, thereby causing arrhythmia. It has been shown that IL-1β reduces the expression of Cx43 in astrocytes and cardiomyocytes in vitro. However, whether caspase-1 and IL-1β affect connexin 43 after myocardial infarction (MI) is uncertain. In this study we investigated the effects of VX765, a caspase-1 inhibitor, on the expression of Cx43 and cell-to-cell communication after MI. Rats were treated with VX765 (16 mg/kg, i.v.) 1 h before the left anterior descending artery (LAD) ligation, and then once daily for 7 days. The ischemic heart was collected for histochemical analysis and Western blot analysis. We showed that VX765 treatment significantly decreased the infarct area, and alleviated cardiac dysfunction and remodeling by suppressing the NLRP3 inflammasome/caspase-1/IL-1β expression in the heart after MI. In addition, VX765 treatment markedly raised Cx43 levels in the heart after MI. In vitro experiments were conducted in rat cardiac myocytes (RCMs) stimulated with the supernatant from LPS/ATP-treated rat cardiac fibroblasts (RCFs). Pretreatment of the RCFs with VX765 (25 μM) reversed the downregulation of Cx43 expression in RCMs and significantly improved intercellular communication detected using a scrape-loading/dye transfer assay. We revealed that VX765 suppressed the activation of p38 MAPK signaling in the heart tissue after MI as well as in RCMs stimulated with the supernatant from LPS/ATP-treated RCFs. Taken together, these data show that the caspase-1 inhibitor VX765 upregulates Cx43 expression and improves cell-to-cell communication in rat heart after MI via suppressing the IL-1β/p38 MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ling Su
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Shu-Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Sumra Komal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Liu-Gen Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Rui-Cong Ni
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Li-Rong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Sheng-Na Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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13
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Mohebbi M, Atabaki M, Tavakkol-Afshari J, Shariati-Sarabi Z, Poursamimi J, Mohajeri SA, Mohammadi M. Significant Effect of Crocin on the Gene Expression of MicroRNA-21 and MicroRNA-155 in Patients with Osteoarthritis. Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol 2022; 21:322-331. [PMID: 35822682 DOI: 10.18502/ijaai.v21i3.9805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis associated with gradual joint destruction. The current treatment aims to alleviate pain and inflammation and improve the quality of life. Crocin is an active ingredient in saffron, with anti-inflammatory properties. MicroRNAs are small, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression. We aimed to evaluate the effect of crocin on the gene expression of microRNA-146a, microRNA-155, microRNA-223, and microRNA-21 in OA patients and compare it with a placebo. This study was approved and registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (2015021910507N2) and ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03375814. Forty OA patients were randomly divided into two equal groups, receiving either crocin or placebo. Peripheral blood samples were collected before and four months after the intervention. The pain was assessed using the visual analog scale, and laboratory tests included C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The expression levels of microRNA-146a, microRNA-155, microRNA-223, and microRNA-21 genes were evaluated by SYBR Green real-time PCR. The results showed that the gene expression levels of microRNA-21 and microRNA-155 in patients receiving crocin were significantly decreased and increased, respectively. No significant changes were observed in microRNA-146a and microRNA-223 gene expression levels. In conclusion, crocin's anti-inflammatory role might be partly attributed to its effects on the gene expression of microRNA-21 and microRNA-155.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mohebbi
- Allergy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Atabaki
- Clinical Immunology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
| | | | - Zhaleh Shariati-Sarabi
- Rheumatic Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Javad Poursamimi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.
| | - Seyed Ahmad Mohajeri
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mojgan Mohammadi
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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14
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Adams JM, Valentine CJ, Karns RA, Rogers LK, Murase M, Fowler GN, Nommsen-Rivers LA. DHA Supplementation Attenuates Inflammation-Associated Gene Expression in the Mammary Gland of Lactating Mothers Who Deliver Preterm. J Nutr 2022; 152:1404-1414. [PMID: 35199834 PMCID: PMC9178958 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxac043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In a randomized trial of DHA supplementation to lactating mothers who delivered preterm, there were significant increases in DHA status in the mother and her infant. OBJECTIVES Our objective here was to characterize the mammary gland transcriptomes from the above study. We hypothesized that proinflammatory gene expression would be attenuated in the increased DHA group compared with the standard DHA group. METHODS In the original trial, mothers delivering at <29 wk gestation at the University of Cincinnati Medical Center and intending to express their milk were randomly assigned to supplementation with 200 mg/d DHA (standard group: STD) or 1000 mg/d DHA (experimental group: EXP) within 7 d of delivery. Here, we conducted RNA-seq transcriptome analysis of n = 5 EXP and n = 4 STD extracellular mammary mRNA samples extracted from the fat layer of milk samples obtained 4 wk postenrollment. Transcripts were assessed for differential expression (false discovery rate adjusted P value <0.05) and clustering between EXP compared with STD groups. Ontological analysis of all differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was performed with Toppcluster. RESULTS There were 409 DEGs. We observed 5 main groups of biological processes that were upregulated, including those associated with improved immune regulation and management of oxidative stress; and 3 main groups of biological processes that were downregulated, including 1 associated with immune dysregulation. For example, we observed upregulation of inflammation-inhibiting genes including NFKB inhibitor alpha (NFKBIA; fold-change (FC), adjusted P value: FC = 1.70, P = 0.007) and interleukin-18 binding protein (IL18BP: FC = 2.2, adjusted P = 0.02); and downregulation of proinflammatory genes including interleukin 7 receptor (IL7R: FC = -1.9, adjusted P = 0.02) and interleukin 1 receptor like 1 (IL1RL1: FC = -13.0, adjusted P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Increased DHA supplementation during lactation can modulate the expression of inflammation-related genes within the mammary gland. This might translate to milk composition with a more optimal inflammasome profile. Future research with a larger clinical trial and greater interrogation of clinical outcomes is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joselyn M Adams
- Department of Rehabilitation, Exercise, and Nutritional Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Allied Health Sciences, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Christina J Valentine
- Department of Neonatology, Banner University Medical Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Rebekah A Karns
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Lynette K Rogers
- Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Masahiko Murase
- Department of Neonatology, Showa University Hospital, Shinagawa City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Grace N Fowler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Laurie A Nommsen-Rivers
- Department of Rehabilitation, Exercise, and Nutritional Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Allied Health Sciences, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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15
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Gheraibia S, Belattar N, Diab KA, Hassan ME, El-Nekeety AA, Abdel-Aziem SH, Hassan NS, Abdel-Wahhab MA. Costus speciosus extract protects against the oxidative damage of zearalenone via modulation of inflammatory cytokines, Nrf2 and iNOS gene expression in rats. Toxicon 2022; 214:62-73. [PMID: 35597521 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN) is a non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin that induces severe health disturbances in humans and animals. This study aimed to determine the bioactive compounds in Costus speciosus extract (CSE) using GC-MS and evaluate its protective capability against ZEN-induced oxidative damage, genotoxicity, and cytotoxicity in rats. Six groups of male Sprague Dawley rats were treated orally for 15 days including the control group, CSE-treated groups at low (200 mg/kg b. w) or high (400 mg/kg b. w) dose, ZEN-treated group (40 μg/kg b. w), and the groups treated with ZEN plus the low or the high dose of CSE. Blood and tissue samples were collected for different assays and pathological analyses. The results of GC-MS indicated the identification of 6 compounds and Azulene was the major. Animals that received ZEN showed severe disturbances in serum biochemical, cytokines, oxidative stress indicators, mRNA expression of iNOS, Nrf2, and inflammatory-related genes. ZEN also increased micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) and comet tail formation in bone marrow cells along with the disturbances in the histological architecture of the liver and kidney. Co-administration of CSE plus ZEN could normalize the majority of the tested parameters and the histological picture at a dose as low as 200 mg/kg b. w. Therefore, CSE protects against ZEN toxicity via its antioxidant activity, modulation of iNOS, inflammatory-related genes, and the Nrf2 pathway and it could be used in the endemic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gheraibia
- Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, Ferhat Abbes University, Setif, 1, Algeria
| | - Noureddine Belattar
- Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, Ferhat Abbes University, Setif, 1, Algeria
| | - Kawthar A Diab
- Genetics and Cytology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa E Hassan
- Toxicology Dept., Research Institute of Medical Entomology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Aziza A El-Nekeety
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Nabila S Hassan
- Pathology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mosaad A Abdel-Wahhab
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
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16
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Karengera A, Sterken MG, Kammenga JE, Riksen JAG, Dinkla IJT, Murk AJ. Differential expression of genes in C. elegans reveals transcriptional responses to indirect-acting xenobiotic compounds and insensitivity to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2022; 233:113344. [PMID: 35219257 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans is a well-established model organism for toxicity testing of chemical substances. We recently demonstrated its potential for bioanalysis of the toxic potency of chemical contaminants in water. While many detoxification genes are homologues to those in mammalians, C. elegans is reported to be deficient in cytochrome CYP1-like P450 metabolism and that its aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) homolog encoded by ahr-1 purportedly does not interact with dioxins or any other known xenobiotic ligand. This suggests that C. elegans is insensitive for compounds that require bioactivation (indirectly acting compounds) and for dioxins or dioxin-like compounds. This study analysed genome-wide gene expression of the nematode in response to 30 μM of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P), Aroclor 1254 (PCB1254), and 10 μM of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD). After 24 h of exposure in the early L4 larval stage, microarray analysis revealed 182, 86, and 321 differentially expressed genes in the nematodes treated with 30 μM of AFB1, B(a)P, and PCB1254, respectively. Among these genes, many encode xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, and their transcription levels were among the highest-ranked fold-changed genes. Interestingly, only one gene (F59B1.8) was upregulated in the nematodes exposed to 10 μM TCDD. Genes related to metabolic processes and catalytic activity were the most induced by exposure to 30 μM of AFB1, B(a)P, and PCB1254. Despite the genotoxic nature of AFB1 and B(a)P, no differential expression was found in the genes encoding DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoint proteins. Analysis of concentration-response curves was performed to determine the Lowest Observed Transcriptomic Effect Levels (LOTEL) of AFB1, B(a)P, and PCB1254. The obtained LOTEL values showed that gene expression changes in C. elegans are more sensitive to toxicants than reproductive effects. Overall, transcriptional responses of metabolic enzymes suggest that the nematode does metabolize AFB1, B(a)P, and PCB1254. Our findings also support the assumption that the transcription factor AhR homolog in C. elegans does not bind typical xenobiotic ligands, rendering the nematode transcriptionally insensitive to TCDD effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Karengera
- Wageningen University, Department of Animal Sciences, Marine Animal Ecology Group, De Elst 1, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands; Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Mark G Sterken
- Wageningen University, Plant Sciences, Laboratory of Nematology, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan E Kammenga
- Wageningen University, Plant Sciences, Laboratory of Nematology, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost A G Riksen
- Wageningen University, Plant Sciences, Laboratory of Nematology, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Inez J T Dinkla
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Albertinka J Murk
- Wageningen University, Department of Animal Sciences, Marine Animal Ecology Group, De Elst 1, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Wang L, Wang A, Fu Q, Shi Z, Chen X, Wang Y, Xu W, Wang T, Zhang S, Hu S. Ferroptosis plays an important role in promoting ionizing radiation-induced intestinal injuries. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 595:7-13. [PMID: 35091109 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal tract is an essential component of the body's immune system, and is extremely sensitive to exposure of ionizing radiation. While ionizing radiation can effectively induce multiple forms of cell death, whether it can also promote ferroptosis in intestinal cells and the possible interrelationship between ferroptosis and intestinal immune function has not been reported so far. Here, we found that radiation-induced major ultrastructural changes in mitochondria of small intestinal epithelial cells and the changes induced in iron content and MDA levels in the small intestine were consistent with that observed during cellular ferroptosis, thus suggesting occurrence of ferroptosis in radiation-induced intestinal damage. Moreover, radiation caused a substantial increase in the expression of ferroptosis-related factors such as LPCAT3 and ALOX15 mRNA, augmented the levels of immune-related factors INF-γ and TGF-β mRNA, and decreased the levels of IL-17 mRNA thereby indicating that ionizing radiation induced ferroptosis and impairment of intestinal immune function. Liproxstatin-1 is a ferroptosis inhibitor that was found to ameliorate radiation-induced ferroptosis and promote the recovery from immune imbalances. These findings supported the role of ferroptosis in radiation-induced intestinal immune injury and provide novel strategies for protection against radiation injury through regulation of the ferroptosis pathway.
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MESH Headings
- 1-Acylglycerophosphocholine O-Acyltransferase/genetics
- 1-Acylglycerophosphocholine O-Acyltransferase/metabolism
- Animals
- Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase/genetics
- Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase/metabolism
- Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase/genetics
- Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase/metabolism
- Ferroptosis/drug effects
- Ferroptosis/physiology
- Ferroptosis/radiation effects
- Gene Expression/drug effects
- Gene Expression/radiation effects
- Glutathione/metabolism
- Intestine, Small/drug effects
- Intestine, Small/metabolism
- Intestine, Small/radiation effects
- Intestines/drug effects
- Intestines/pathology
- Intestines/radiation effects
- Male
- Malondialdehyde/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Mitochondria/drug effects
- Mitochondria/radiation effects
- Mitochondria/ultrastructure
- Quinoxalines/pharmacology
- Radiation Injuries, Experimental/pathology
- Radiation Injuries, Experimental/physiopathology
- Radiation Injuries, Experimental/prevention & control
- Radiation, Ionizing
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Spiro Compounds/pharmacology
- Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - An Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qian Fu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhongyu Shi
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wenhui Xu
- Beijing Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Tieshan Wang
- Beijing Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shujing Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Sumin Hu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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18
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Fang H, Yuan Z, Zhu Y, Tang H, Pang C, Li J, Shi J, Guo W, Zhang S. Blocking protease-activated receptor 4 alleviates liver injury induced by brain death. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 595:47-53. [PMID: 35093640 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Brain death (BD) induces a systemic inflammatory response that influences donor liver quality. Protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR4) is a thrombin receptor that mediates platelet activation and is involved in inflammatory and apoptotic processes. Therefore, we investigated the role of PAR4 blockade in liver injury induced by BD and its associated mechanisms. In this study, we constructed a BD rat model and treated rats with TcY-NH2, a selective PAR4 antagonist, to block PAR4 signaling at the onset of BD induction. Our results revealed that PAR4 protein expression increased in the livers of rats with BD. PAR4 blockade alleviated liver injury induced by BD, as indicated by lower serum ALT/AST levels and an improvement in histomorphology. Blood platelet activation and hepatic platelet accumulation in BD rats were reduced by PAR4 blockade. Additionally, PAR4 blockade attenuated the inflammatory response and apoptosis in the livers of BD rats. Moreover, the activation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways induced by BD was inhibited by PAR4 blockade. Thus, our results suggest that PAR4 contributes to liver injury induced by BD by regulating inflammation and apoptosis through the NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Thus, PAR4 blockade may provide a feasible approach to improve the quality of organs from BD donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - Zibo Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - Yaohua Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - Hongwei Tang
- Henan Key Laboratory for Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases and Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - Chun Pang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - Jihua Shi
- Henan Key Laboratory for Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases and Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - Wenzhi Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases and Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - Shuijun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases and Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China.
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19
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Machida M, Machida T, Kikuchi M, Shimizu A, Ida S, Tawaraya Y, Kato R, Haramaki K, Yama K, Shiga S, Hirafuji M, Iizuka K. Methotrexate mediates the integrity of intestinal stem cells partly through nitric oxide-dependent Wnt/β-catenin signaling in methotrexate-induced rat ileal mucositis. J Pharmacol Sci 2022; 148:281-285. [PMID: 35177206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the role of nitric oxide (NO) in intestinal stem cells in methotrexate-induced ileal mucositis in rats. Methotrexate induced the mRNA expressions of the Wnt/β-catenin target genes Wnt3a, Sox9, and Lgr5 and the Wnt-antagonist gene sFRP-1 and the protein expressions of Lgr5 and sFRP-1. Methotrexate also induced Lgr5+ cells and lysozyme+ cells. A non-selective NO inhibitor inhibited the methotrexate induction of Wnt/β-catenin target genes and Lgr5+ cells but enhanced that of sFRP-1 expression. Thus, methotrexate mediates the integrity of intestinal stem cells partly through NO-dependent Wnt/β-catenin signaling and may enhance tolerability to methotrexate-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Machida
- Division of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 006-8590, Japan
| | - Takuji Machida
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Ishikari, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan.
| | - Masaki Kikuchi
- Division of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 006-8590, Japan
| | - Ayaka Shimizu
- Division of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 006-8590, Japan
| | - Syunsuke Ida
- Division of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 006-8590, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Tawaraya
- Division of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 006-8590, Japan
| | - Risa Kato
- Division of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 006-8590, Japan
| | - Keisuke Haramaki
- Division of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 006-8590, Japan
| | - Kaori Yama
- Division of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 006-8590, Japan
| | - Saki Shiga
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Ishikari, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Masahiko Hirafuji
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Ishikari, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Kenji Iizuka
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Ishikari, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
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20
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Sun M, Hu F, Wang T, Zhang T, Jing Y, Guo W, Chen Q, Liu G. Effect of temperature on the toxicokinetics and gene expression of the pacific cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas exposed to cadmium. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 253:109252. [PMID: 34968742 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the influence of temperature on the bioaccumulation and depuration of Crassostrea gigas exposed to Cd associated with its molecular responses. Oysters were acclimatized to different temperatures (10 °C, 15 °C, 20 °C, 25 °C, and 30 °C) for 14 d and then exposed to 10 μg/L Cd for 28 d, followed by a depuration period of 35 d. Oysters were sampled for chemical analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and for mRNA quantification by qPCR. In the digestive gland, gill, and mantle, the cadmium concentration at 10 °C was significantly lower than that at 25 °C and 30 °C in both the whole experiments. The use of a two-compartment model showed that the uptake rate k1 in the above three tissues increased with increasing temperatures ranging from 15 to 25 °C. The fastest elimination rates and shortest half-lives were observed at 15-25 °C. The induction of metallothionein (MT) only occurred in the digestive gland at 15 °C and 20 °C at the end of the accumulation phase. In the mantle and gills, the expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) was significantly induced at the end of the accumulation phase and significantly inhibited at the end of the depuration phase. In the digestive gland, the expression of P-gp was induced at the end of both the accumulation and depuration phases. Heat shock protein (hsp70) expression exhibited an overall increasing trend throughout the experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Sun
- Marine Science Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266104, PR China
| | - Fanguang Hu
- Marine Science Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266104, PR China
| | - Tianming Wang
- Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, PR China
| | - Tianwen Zhang
- Marine Science Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266104, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Jing
- Marine Science Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266104, PR China
| | - Wen Guo
- Marine Science Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266104, PR China
| | - Qun Chen
- Marine Science Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266104, PR China
| | - Guangbin Liu
- Marine Science Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266104, PR China.
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21
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Hönes GS, Kerp H, Hoppe C, Kowalczyk M, Zwanziger D, Baba HA, Führer D, Moeller LC. Canonical Thyroid Hormone Receptor β Action Stimulates Hepatocyte Proliferation in Male Mice. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6509895. [PMID: 35038735 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT 3,5,3'-L-triiodothyronine (T3) is a potent inducer of hepatocyte proliferation via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Previous studies suggested the involvement of rapid noncanonical thyroid hormone receptor (TR) β signaling, directly activating hepatic Wnt/β-catenin signaling independent from TRβ DNA binding. However, the mechanism by which T3 increases Wnt/β-catenin signaling in hepatocytes has not yet been determined. OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine whether DNA binding of TRβ is required for stimulation of hepatocyte proliferation by T3. METHODS Wild-type (WT) mice, TRβ knockout mice (TRβ KO), and TRβ mutant mice with either specifically abrogated DNA binding (TRβ GS) or abrogated direct phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase activation (TRβ 147F) were treated with T3 for 6 hours or 7 days. Hepatocyte proliferation was assessed by Kiel-67 (Ki67) staining and apoptosis by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assay. Activation of β-catenin signaling was measured in primary murine hepatocytes. Gene expression was analyzed by microarray, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS T3 induced hepatocyte proliferation with an increased number of Ki67-positive cells in WT and TRβ 147F mice (9.2% ± 6.5% and 10.1% ± 2.9%, respectively) compared to TRβ KO and TRβ GS mice (1.2% ± 1.1% and 1.5% ± 0.9%, respectively). Microarray analysis and GSEA showed that genes of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway-among them, Fzd8 (frizzled receptor 8) and Ctnnb1 (β-catenin)-were positively enriched only in T3-treated WT and TRβ 147F mice while B-cell translocation gene anti-proliferation factor 2 was repressed. Consequently, expression of Ccnd1 (CyclinD1) was induced. CONCLUSIONS Instead of directly activating Wnt signaling, T3 and TRβ induce key genes of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, ultimately stimulating hepatocyte proliferation via CyclinD1. Thus, canonical transcriptional TRβ action is necessary for T3-mediated stimulation of hepatocyte proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Sebastian Hönes
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism and Division of Laboratory Research, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Helena Kerp
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism and Division of Laboratory Research, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Hoppe
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism and Division of Laboratory Research, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Manuela Kowalczyk
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism and Division of Laboratory Research, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Denise Zwanziger
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism and Division of Laboratory Research, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Dagmar Führer
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism and Division of Laboratory Research, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lars Christian Moeller
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism and Division of Laboratory Research, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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22
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Liu J, Zhang P, Wang B, Lu Y, Li L, Li Y, Liu S. Evaluation of the effects of Astragalus polysaccharides as immunostimulants on the immune response of crucian carp and against SVCV in vitro and in vivo. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 253:109249. [PMID: 34822998 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect and antiviral activity of Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) in crucian carp and epithelioma papulosum cyprinid (EPC) cells. Two diets containing 0 and 2 g/kg, APS were fed crucian carp for 56 days. The results showed that supplementation with APS significantly upregulated the immune-related indices including the levels of IgM, the activities of LZM, AKP and ACP, and the contents of C3 and C4. At the same time, compared with the CK group, adding APS to the feed significantly upregulated the expression of IL-8, IL-10, IL-1β, IFN-α, IFN-γ, MyD88, TGF-β and TNF-α in the spleen, kidney, liver and intestine of crucian carp. In addition, when the crucian carp were injected with SVCV, the survival rates of fish in the APS group and the control group were 48.87% and 13.76%, respectively. These results indicated that dietary APS could improve the resistance of crucian carp against SVCV infection. APS also significantly decreased viral titer and inhibited apoptosis induced by SVCV in EPC cells. These results indicated that APS could stimulate the immune response of crucian carp and improve the abilities of crucian carp and EPC cells to resist SVCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Peijun Zhang
- Health Monitoring and Inspection Center of Jilin Province, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Health Monitoring and Inspection Center of Jilin Province, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yuting Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Liang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yuehong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Shaojun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China.
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23
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Wu Z, Jayachandran M, Cheang WS, Xu B. Black Truffle Extract Exerts Antidiabetic Effects through Inhibition of Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism Regulation. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2022; 2022:6099872. [PMID: 35251478 PMCID: PMC8894047 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6099872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Black truffle, a culinary and medical fungus, is highly valued worldwide for its nutritional and therapeutic importance. To enhance the existing knowledge about the beneficial properties, this study investigates the antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic, and anti-inflammatory effects of black truffle extract in in vitro biochemical assays and animal study. Briefly, black truffle extract was administered orally to treat streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic Wistar rats for 45 days. At the end of the experimental duration, rats were sacrificed to perform biochemical and gene expression analyses related to lipid regulatory and inflammatory pathways. Our results indicated that total cholesterol, triglycerides, free fatty acids, phospholipids, and low-density lipoprotein in different tissues and circulation were significantly increased in diabetic rats. Furthermore, the β-hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-CoA enzyme was also significantly increased; lipoprotein lipase and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase enzymes were significantly decreased in diabetic rats. However, the above conditions were reversed upon black truffle extract feeding. Furthermore, black truffle extract was also found to downregulate the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6) and lipid regulatory genes (serum regulatory element-binding protein-1 and fatty acid synthase). The truffle extract-treated effects were comparable to glibenclamide and medication commonly used to treat diabetes mellitus. Overall, our results suggested that black truffle possesses strong antihyperlipidemic and anti-inflammatory effects on diabetic rats. These findings will enhance the current knowledge about the therapeutic importance of black truffles. They might be exploited as a possible food supplement or even as a natural source of pharmaceutical agents for diabetes prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Wu
- Food Science and Technology Program, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, China
| | - Muthukumaran Jayachandran
- Food Science and Technology Program, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Wai San Cheang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, China
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24
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Kanmani P, Kim H. Probiotics counteract the expression of hepatic profibrotic genes via the attenuation of TGF-β/SMAD signaling and autophagy in hepatic stellate cells. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262767. [PMID: 35051234 PMCID: PMC8775563 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is caused by the increased accumulation and improper degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in the liver. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation is a key process in initiating hepatic fibrosis and can be ameliorated by the administration of probiotic strains. This study hypothesized that LAB strains (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus brevis, and Weissella cibaria) might attenuate pro-fibrogenic cytokine TGF-β mediated HSCs activation and induce collagen deposition, expression of other fibrogenic/inflammatory markers, autophagy, and apoptotic processes in vitro. Few studies have evaluated the probiotic effects against fibrogenesis in vitro. In this study, TGF-β exposure increased collagen deposition in LX-2 cells, but this increase was diminished when the cells were pretreated with LAB strains before TGF-β stimulation. TGF-β not only increased collagen deposition, but it also significantly upregulated the mRNA levels of Col1A1, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2), IL-6, CXCL-8, CCL2, and IL-1β in LX-2 cells. Pretreatment of the cells with LAB strains counteracted the TGF-β-induced pro-fibrogenic and inflammatory markers by modulating SMAD-dependent and SMAD-independent TGF-β signaling. In addition, LX-2 cells exposed to TGF-β induced the autophagic and apoptotic associated proteins that were also positively regulated by the LAB strains. These findings suggest that LAB can attenuate TGF-β signaling that is associated with liver fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulraj Kanmani
- Department of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Hojun Kim
- Department of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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25
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Kanno K, Koseki M, Chang J, Saga A, Inui H, Okada T, Tanaka K, Asaji M, Zhu Y, Ide S, Saito S, Higo T, Okuzaki D, Ohama T, Nishida M, Kamada Y, Ono M, Saibara T, Yamashita S, Sakata Y. Pemafibrate suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the liver and heart in a novel mouse model of steatohepatitis-related cardiomyopathy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2996. [PMID: 35194060 PMCID: PMC8863801 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06542-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease have been reported to have cardiac dysfunction, and appropriate model has not been reported. We established a novel mouse model of diet-induced steatohepatitis-related cardiomyopathy and evaluated the effect of pemafibrate. C57Bl/6 male mice were fed a (1) chow diet (C), (2) high-fat, high-cholesterol, high-sucrose, bile acid diet (NASH diet; N), or (3) N with pemafibrate 0.1 mg/kg (NP) for 8 weeks. In the liver, macrophage infiltration and fibrosis in the liver was observed in the N group compared to the C group, suggesting steatohepatitis. Free cholesterol accumulated, and cholesterol crystals were observed. In the heart, free cholesterol similarly accumulated and concentric hypertrophy was observed. Ultrahigh magnetic field magnetic resonance imaging revealed that the left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) was attenuated and LV strain was focally impaired. RNA sequencing demonstrated that the NOD-like receptor and PI3 kinase-Akt pathways were enhanced. mRNA and protein expression of inflammasome-related genes, such as Caspase-1, NLRP3, and IL-1β, were upregulated in both the liver and heart. In the NP compared to the N group, steatohepatitis, hepatic steatosis, and cardiac dysfunction were suppressed. Sequential administration of pemafibrate after the development of steatohepatitis-related cardiomyopathy recovered hepatic fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Kanno
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Koseki
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Jiuyang Chang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ayami Saga
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Inui
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takeshi Okada
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Katsunao Tanaka
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masumi Asaji
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yinghong Zhu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Seiko Ide
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Health Care Division, Health and Counselling Centre, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Saito
- Division of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Higo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- Genome Information Research Centre, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tohru Ohama
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Dental Anaesthesiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makoto Nishida
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Health Care Division, Health and Counselling Centre, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kamada
- Department of Advanced Metabolic Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ono
- Division of Innovative Medicine for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Toshiji Saibara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi, Japan
| | - Shizuya Yamashita
- Department of Cardiology, Rinku General Medical Centre, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sakata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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26
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Li H, Li Y, Luo C, Liang X, Liu Z, Liu Y, Ling Y. New Approach for Targeted Treatment of Mild COVID-19 by Honeysuckle through Network Pharmacology Analysis. Comput Math Methods Med 2022; 2022:9604456. [PMID: 35237344 PMCID: PMC8885207 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9604456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential pharmacological value of extracts from honeysuckle on patients with mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. METHODS The active components and targets of honeysuckle were screened by Traditional Chinese Medicine Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). SwissADME and pkCSM databases predict pharmacokinetics of ingredients. The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database collected transcriptome data for mild COVID-19. Data quality control, differentially expressed gene (DEG) identification, enrichment analysis, and correlation analysis were implemented by R toolkit. CIBERSORT evaluated the infiltration of 22 immune cells. RESULTS The seven active ingredients of honeysuckle had good oral absorption and medicinal properties. Both the active ingredient targets of honeysuckle and differentially expressed genes of mild COVID-19 were significantly enriched in immune signaling pathways. There were five overlapping immunosignature genes, among which RELA and MAP3K7 expressions were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Finally, immune cell infiltration and correlation analysis showed that RELA, MAP3K7, and natural killer (NK) cell are with highly positive correlation and highly negatively correlated with hematopoietic stem cells. CONCLUSION Our analysis suggested that honeysuckle extract had a safe and effective protective effect against mild COVID-19 by regulating a complex molecular network. The main mechanism was related to the proportion of infiltration between NK cells and hematopoietic stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi, China
| | - Chunxiang Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi, China
| | - Xueyan Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi, China
| | - Zixuan Liu
- Institute of Green Algae, Longhua Branch, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518120 Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi, China
| | - Yunzhi Ling
- Department of Pathology, Longhua Branch, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Guangdong, Shenzhen 518120, China
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27
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Kim K, Kim H, Sung GY. An Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-13 Induced Atopic Dermatitis Human Skin Equivalent Model by a Skin-On-A-Chip. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042116. [PMID: 35216228 PMCID: PMC8878506 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the mechanism of progression of atopic dermatitis (AD) is not well understood because there is no physiologically appropriate disease model in terms of disease complexity and multifactoriality. Type 2 inflammation, mediated by interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13, plays an important role in AD. In this study, full-thickness human skin equivalents consisting of human-derived cells were fabricated from pumpless microfluidic chips and stimulated with IL-4 and IL-13. The morphological properties, gene expression, cytokine secretion and protein expression of the stimulated human skin equivalent (HSE) epidermis were investigated. The results showed epidermal and spongy formations similar to those observed in lesions in AD, and decreased expression of barrier-related filaggrin, loricrin and involucrin genes and proteins induced by IL-4Rα signaling. In addition, we induced the expression of carbonic anhydrase II (CAII), a gene specifically expressed in the epidermis of patients with AD. Thus, AD human skin equivalents can be used to mimic the key pathological features of atopic dermatitis, overcoming the limitations of existing studies that rely solely on mouse models and have been unable to translate their effects to humans. Our results will be useful for future research on the development of therapeutic agents for atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghee Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Nano-Medical Device Engineering, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea;
- Major in Materials Science and Engineering, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea;
| | - Hyeju Kim
- Major in Materials Science and Engineering, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea;
| | - Gun Yong Sung
- Interdisciplinary Program of Nano-Medical Device Engineering, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea;
- Major in Materials Science and Engineering, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea;
- Integrative Materials Research Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
- Correspondence:
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28
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Chai X, Sun H, Zhou W, Chen C, Shan L, Yang Y, He J, Pang J, Yang L, Wang X, Cui S, Fu Y, Xu X, Xu L, Yao X, Li D, Hou T. Discovery of N-(4-(Benzyloxy)-phenyl)-sulfonamide Derivatives as Novel Antagonists of the Human Androgen Receptor Targeting the Activation Function 2. J Med Chem 2022; 65:2507-2521. [PMID: 35077161 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Androgen receptor (AR) antagonists have been widely used for the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa). As a link between the AR and its transcriptional function, the activation function 2 (AF2) region has recently been revealed as a novel targeting site for developing AR antagonists. Here, we reported a series of N-(4-(benzyloxy)-phenyl)-sulfonamide derivatives as new-scaffold AR antagonists targeting the AR AF2. Therein, compound T1-12 showed excellent AR antagonistic activity (IC50 = 0.47 μM) and peptide displacement activity (IC50 = 18.05 μM). Furthermore, the in vivo LNCaP xenograft study confirmed that T1-12 offered effective inhibition on tumor growth when administered intratumorally. The study represents the first successful attempt to identify a small molecule targeting the AR AF2 with submicromolar AR antagonistic activity by structure-based virtual screening and provides important clues for the development of novel therapeutics for PCa treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chai
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huiyong Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenfang Zhou
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Changwei Chen
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Luhu Shan
- Institute of Cancer Research and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuhui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junzhao He
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinping Pang
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sunliang Cui
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaqin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohong Xu
- Institute of Cancer Research and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaojun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Dan Li
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tingjun Hou
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Lab of CAD&CG, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
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29
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Liu Z, Li Y, Chen H, Lai HT, Wang P, Wu SY, Wold EA, Leonard PG, Joseph S, Hu H, Chiang CM, Brasier AR, Tian B, Zhou J. Discovery, X-ray Crystallography, and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Bromodomain-containing Protein 4 (BRD4) BD1 Inhibitors Targeting a Distinct New Binding Site. J Med Chem 2022; 65:2388-2408. [PMID: 34982556 PMCID: PMC8989062 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) is an emerging epigenetic drug target for intractable inflammatory disorders. The lack of highly selective inhibitors among BRD4 family members has stalled the collective understanding of this critical system and the progress toward clinical development of effective therapeutics. Here we report the discovery of a potent BRD4 bromodomain 1 (BD1)-selective inhibitor ZL0590 (52) targeting a unique, previously unreported binding site, while exhibiting significant anti-inflammatory activities in vitro and in vivo. The X-ray crystal structural analysis of ZL0590 in complex with human BRD4 BD1 and the associated mutagenesis study illustrate a first-in-class nonacetylated lysine (KAc) binding site located at the helix αB and αC interface that contains important BRD4 residues (e.g., Glu151) not commonly shared among other family members and is spatially distinct from the classic KAc recognition pocket. This new finding facilitates further elucidation of the complex biology underpinning bromodomain specificity among BRD4 and its protein-protein interaction partners.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Paul G Leonard
- Core for Biomolecular Structure and Function, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Sarah Joseph
- Core for Biomolecular Structure and Function, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | | | | | - Allan R Brasier
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (ICTR), University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, 4248 Health Sciences Learning Center, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
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30
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Kaneda T, Kurata T, Yoshida T, Kibata K, Yoshioka H, Yanagimoto H, Takeda K, Yoshida T, Tsuta K. Massive digital gene expression analysis reveals different predictive profiles for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy between adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of advanced lung cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:154. [PMID: 35135489 PMCID: PMC8822674 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09264-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors prolong the survival of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Although it has been acknowledged that there is some correlation between the efficacy of anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) antibody therapy and immunohistochemical analysis, this technique is not yet considered foolproof for predicting a favorable outcome of PD-1 antibody therapy. We aimed to predict the efficacy of nivolumab based on a comprehensive analysis of RNA expression at the gene level in advanced NSCLC. METHODS This was a retrospective study on patients with NSCLC who were administered nivolumab at the Kansai Medical University Hospital. To identify genes associated with response to anti-PD-1 antibodies, we grouped patients into responders (complete and partial response) and non-responders (stable and progressive disease) to nivolumab therapy. Significant genes were then identified for these groups using Welch's t-test. RESULTS Among 42 analyzed cases (20 adenocarcinomas and 22 squamous cell carcinomas), enhanced expression of MAGE-A4, BBC3, and OTOA genes was observed in responders with adenocarcinoma, and enhanced expression of DAB2, HLA-DPB,1 and CDH2 genes was observed in responders with squamous cell carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS This study predicted the efficacy of nivolumab based on a comprehensive analysis of mRNA expression at the gene level in advanced NSCLC. We also revealed different gene expression patterns as predictors of the effectiveness of anti PD-1 antibody therapy in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/immunology
- Adenocarcinoma/drug therapy
- Adenocarcinoma/immunology
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/immunology
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/immunology
- Cadherins/immunology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/immunology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/immunology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/immunology
- Female
- GPI-Linked Proteins/immunology
- Gene Expression/drug effects
- Gene Expression/immunology
- HLA-DP beta-Chains/immunology
- Humans
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/immunology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Proteins/immunology
- Nivolumab/therapeutic use
- Predictive Value of Tests
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/drug effects
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/immunology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/immunology
- RNA, Messenger/drug effects
- RNA, Messenger/immunology
- Retrospective Studies
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Kaneda
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Kansai Medical University Hospital, 2-3-1, Shinmachi, Hirakata City, Osaka, 573-1191, Japan.
| | - Takayasu Kurata
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Kansai Medical University Hospital, 2-3-1, Shinmachi, Hirakata City, Osaka, 573-1191, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yoshida
- Discovery Technology Research, Ono Pharmaceutical, Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Kayoko Kibata
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Kansai Medical University Hospital, 2-3-1, Shinmachi, Hirakata City, Osaka, 573-1191, Japan
| | - Hiroshige Yoshioka
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Kansai Medical University Hospital, 2-3-1, Shinmachi, Hirakata City, Osaka, 573-1191, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Yanagimoto
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- Corporate Sponsored Research Programs for Cancer Immunogenomics, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Takeda
- Research Center of Oncology, Ono Pharmaceutical, Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Takao Yoshida
- Research Center of Oncology, Ono Pharmaceutical, Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Koji Tsuta
- Corporate Sponsored Research Programs for Cancer Immunogenomics, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
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31
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Han L, Sun R, Wang Y, Luo J, Peng X. Soybean diacylglycerol regulates lipid metabolism in D-galactose-induced aging rats by altering gut microbiota and gene expression of colonic epithelial cells. Food Funct 2022; 13:1437-1446. [PMID: 35048932 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04140a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism is closely related to the health of aging bodies and its disorder often leads to cardiovascular diseases and chronic diseases. Dietary fat is one of the important sources of body fat, which affects the body's lipid metabolism. However, how dietary fat affects lipid metabolism in aging bodies has not been reported. Thus, the effects of soybean diacylglycerol (DAG) on lipid metabolism in D-galactose-induced aging rats were investigated by detecting the serum biochemical indexes, hepatocyte morphology, gut microbiota changes, and gene expression of colonic epithelial cells. The results showed that DAG alleviated the lipid metabolism disorders, and the hepatocyte morphology of aging rats fed DAG was normal. 16S rDNA analysis showed that DAG restored Eisenbergiella and Veillonella that were missing in aging rats. The relative abundances of Romboutsia and Ruminococcus_2 decreased and the relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group increased significantly with the influence of DAG (P < 0.05). Gene expression profiles showed that the gene expression of colon epithelial cells was altered by DAG and DAG downregulated the genes Lipe and Fabp4 related to the lipolysis of adipocytes. In conclusion, DAG regulated the lipid metabolism of aging rats by regulating gut microbiota and gene expression of colonic epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Han
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Rongrong Sun
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Jianming Luo
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Xichun Peng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
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Abstract
Drug repurposing can be an interesting strategy for an emergency response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2, (SARS-COV-2), the causing agent of the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic. For this, we applied the Connectivity Map (CMap) bioinformatic resource to identify drugs that generate, in the CMap database, gene expression profiles (GEP) that negatively correlate with a SARS-COV-2 GEP, anticipating that these drugs could antagonize the deleterious effects of the virus at cell, tissue or organism levels. We identified several anti-cancer compounds that target MDM2 in the p53 pathway or signaling proteins: Ras, PKBβ, Nitric Oxide synthase, Rho kinase, all involved in the transmission of proliferative and growth signals. We hypothesized that these drugs could interfere with the high rate of biomass synthesis in infected cells, a feature shared with cancer cells. Other compounds including etomoxir, triacsin-c, PTB1-IN-3, are known to modulate lipid metabolism or to favor catabolic reactions by activating AMPK. Four different anti-inflammatory molecules, including dexamethasone, fluorometholone and cytosporone-b, targeting the glucocorticoid receptor, cyclooxygenase, or NUR77 also came out of the analysis. These results represent a first step in the characterization of potential repositioning strategies to treat SARS-COV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Bonnet
- Université Côte d’Azur, Nice, France
- Inserm U1065 Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Nice, France
| | - Lee Mariault
- Université Côte d’Azur, Nice, France
- Inserm U1065 Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Nice, France
| | - Jean-François Peyron
- Université Côte d’Azur, Nice, France
- Inserm U1065 Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Nice, France
- * E-mail:
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33
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Guo S, Cázarez-Márquez F, Jiao H, Foppen E, Korpel NL, Grootemaat AE, Liv N, Gao Y, van der Wel N, Zhou B, Nie G, Yi CX. Specific Silencing of Microglial Gene Expression in the Rat Brain by Nanoparticle-Based Small Interfering RNA Delivery. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:5066-5079. [PMID: 35041392 PMCID: PMC8815040 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c22434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Microglia are the major innate immune cells in the brain and are essential for maintaining homeostasis in a neuronal microenvironment. Currently, a genetic tool to modify microglial gene expression in specific brain regions is not available. In this report, we introduce a tailor-designed method that uses lipid and polymer hybridized nanoparticles (LPNPs) for the local delivery of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), allowing the silencing of specific microglial genes in the hypothalamus. Our physical characterization proved that this LPNP-siRNA was uniform and stable. We demonstrated that, due to their natural phagocytic behavior, microglial cells are the dominant cell type taking up these LPNPs in the hypothalamus of rats. We then tested the silencing efficiency of LPNPs carrying a cluster of differentiation molecule 11b (CD11b) or Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) siRNA using different in vivo and in vitro approaches. In cultured microglial cells treated with LPNP-CD11b siRNA or LPNP-TLR4 siRNA, we found a silencing efficiency at protein expression levels of 65 or 77%, respectively. In line with this finding, immunohistochemistry and western blotting results from in vivo experiments showed that LPNP-CD11b siRNA significantly inhibited microglial CD11b protein expression in the hypothalamus. Furthermore, following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation of cultured microglial cells, gene expression of the TLR4 downstream signaling component myeloid differentiation factor 88 and its associated cytokines was significantly inhibited in LPNP-TLR4 siRNA-treated microglial cells compared with cells treated with LPNP-scrambled siRNA. Finally, after LPNP-TLR4 siRNA injection into the rat hypothalamus, we observed a significant reduction in microglial activation in response to LPS compared with the control rats injected with LPNP-scrambled siRNA. Our results indicate that LPNP-siRNA is a promising tool to manipulate microglial activity locally in the brain and may serve as a prophylactic approach to prevent microglial dysfunction-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Guo
- Department
of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Amsterdam
Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism Research Institute, Amsterdam
University Medical Centre (UMC), location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fernando Cázarez-Márquez
- Department
of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Amsterdam
Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism Research Institute, Amsterdam
University Medical Centre (UMC), location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands
Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of
the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Han Jiao
- Department
of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Amsterdam
Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism Research Institute, Amsterdam
University Medical Centre (UMC), location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Key
Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School
of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ewout Foppen
- Department
of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Amsterdam
Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism Research Institute, Amsterdam
University Medical Centre (UMC), location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands
Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of
the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nikita L. Korpel
- Department
of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Amsterdam
Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism Research Institute, Amsterdam
University Medical Centre (UMC), location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands
Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of
the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anita E. Grootemaat
- Cellular
Imaging Core Facility, Amsterdam University Medical Centre (UMC),
location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nalan Liv
- Section
Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Yuanqing Gao
- Key
Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School
of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Nicole van der Wel
- Cellular
Imaging Core Facility, Amsterdam University Medical Centre (UMC),
location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bing Zhou
- Institute
of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes
of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guangjun Nie
- CAS
Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chun-Xia Yi
- Department
of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Amsterdam
Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism Research Institute, Amsterdam
University Medical Centre (UMC), location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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34
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Hébert-Mercier PO, Bergeron F, Robert NM, Mehanovic S, Pierre KJ, Mendoza-Villarroel RE, de Mattos K, Brousseau C, Tremblay JJ. Growth Hormone-induced STAT5B Regulates Star Gene Expression Through a Cooperation With cJUN in Mouse MA-10 Leydig Cells. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6490116. [PMID: 34967898 PMCID: PMC8765792 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Leydig cells produce androgens that are essential for male sex differentiation and reproductive function. Leydig cell function is regulated by several hormones and signaling molecules, including growth hormone (GH). Although GH is known to upregulate Star gene expression in Leydig cells, its molecular mechanism of action remains unknown. The STAT5B transcription factor is a downstream effector of GH signaling in other systems. While STAT5B is present in both primary and Leydig cell lines, its function in these cells has yet to be ascertained. Here we report that treatment of MA-10 Leydig cells with GH or overexpression of STAT5B induces Star messenger RNA levels and increases steroid hormone output. The mouse Star promoter contains a consensus STAT5B element (TTCnnnGAA) at -756 bp to which STAT5B binds in vitro (electrophoretic mobility shift assay and supershift) and in vivo (chromatin immunoprecipitation) in a GH-induced manner. In functional promoter assays, STAT5B was found to activate a -980 bp mouse Star reporter. Mutating the -756 bp element prevented STAT5B binding but did not abrogate STAT5B-responsiveness. STAT5B was found to functionally cooperate with DNA-bound cJUN. The STAT5B/cJUN cooperation was only observed in Leydig cells and not in Sertoli or fibroblast cells, indicating that additional Leydig cell-enriched transcription factors are required. The STAT5B/cJUN cooperation was lost only when both STAT5B and cJUN elements were mutated. In addition to identifying the Star gene as a novel target for STAT5B in Leydig cells, our data provide important new insights into the mechanism of GH and STAT5B action in the regulation of Leydig cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Olivier Hébert-Mercier
- Reproduction, Mother and Child Health, Centre de recherche du centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec – Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Francis Bergeron
- Reproduction, Mother and Child Health, Centre de recherche du centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec – Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Nicholas M Robert
- Reproduction, Mother and Child Health, Centre de recherche du centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec – Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Samir Mehanovic
- Reproduction, Mother and Child Health, Centre de recherche du centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec – Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Kenley Joule Pierre
- Reproduction, Mother and Child Health, Centre de recherche du centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec – Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Raifish E Mendoza-Villarroel
- Reproduction, Mother and Child Health, Centre de recherche du centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec – Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Karine de Mattos
- Reproduction, Mother and Child Health, Centre de recherche du centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec – Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Catherine Brousseau
- Reproduction, Mother and Child Health, Centre de recherche du centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec – Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Jacques J Tremblay
- Reproduction, Mother and Child Health, Centre de recherche du centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec – Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche en Reproduction, Développement et Santé Intergénérationnelle, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Correspondence: Jacques J. Tremblay, PhD, Reproduction, Mother and Child Health, Room T3-67, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec – Université Laval CHUL, 2705 Laurier Blvd, Québec City, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada.
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Gholami E, Gholami MR, Tavakoli A, Ahmadi M, Rezaian J, Alipour M, Chehelcheraghi F, Khaksarian M. Effect of fluoxetine treatment on neurotoxicity induced by lysolecithin in male rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2022; 100:107-116. [PMID: 34935529 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Demyelination disorder is an unusual pathologic event, which occurs in the central nervous system (CNS). Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease that affects the CNS, and it is the leading cause of disability in young adults. Lysolecithin (LPC) is one of the best toxin-induced demyelination models. In this study, a suitable model is created, and the effect of fluoxetine treatment is examined on this model. In this case, it was assumed that daily fluoxetine treatment had increased the endogenous remyelination in the LPC model. This study was focused on investigating the influence of the fluoxetine dose of 5 or 10 mg/kg per day for 1 and 4 weeks on LPC-induced neurotoxicity in the corpus callosum region. It was performed as a demyelinating model in male Wistar rats. After 3 days, fluoxetine was injected intraperitoneally (5 or 10 mg/kg per day) for 1 and 4 weeks in each group. After completing the treatment course, the corpus callosum was removed to examine the gene expression and histological analysis was performed. The results of the histopathological study of hematoxylin and eosin staining of the corpus callosum showed that in 1 and 4-week treatment groups, fluoxetine has reduced the level of inflammation at the LPC injection site (5 and 10 mg/kg per day). Fluoxetine treatment in the luxol fast blue (LFB) staining of the corpus callosum has been led to an increase in myelination capacity in all doses and times. The results of the genetic study showed that the fluoxetine has significantly reduced the expression level of tumor necrosis factor-α, nuclear factor κβ, and induced nitric oxide synthase in comparison with the untreated LPC group. Also, the fluoxetine treatment has enhanced the expression level of the forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) gene in comparison with the untreated group. Fluoxetine has increased the expression level of myelination and neurotrophic genes such as myelin basic protein (MBP), oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2 (OLIG2), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The outcomes demonstrated that fluoxetine reduces inflammation and strengthens the endogenous myelination in the LPC-induced demyelination model; however, supplementary studies are required for specifying the details of its mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Gholami
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Gholami
- Medical Technology Research Center, Research Institute for Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Asadollah Tavakoli
- Department of Physiology, Loretan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mahdie Ahmadi
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Rezaian
- Department of Anatomy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Maryam Alipour
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Chehelcheraghi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Khaksarian
- Razi Herbal Medicine Research Center and Department of Physiology, Loretan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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El Kasmi KC, Ghosh S, Anderson AL, Devereaux MW, Balasubramaniyan N, D'Alessandro A, Orlicky DJ, Suchy FJ, Shearn CT, Sokol RJ. Pharmacologic activation of hepatic farnesoid X receptor prevents parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis in mice. Hepatology 2022; 75:252-265. [PMID: 34387888 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Parenteral nutrition (PN)-associated cholestasis (PNAC) complicates the care of patients with intestinal failure. In PNAC, phytosterol containing PN synergizes with intestinal injury and IL-1β derived from activated hepatic macrophages to suppress hepatocyte farnesoid X receptor (FXR) signaling and promote PNAC. We hypothesized that pharmacological activation of FXR would prevent PNAC in a mouse model. APPROACH AND RESULTS To induce PNAC, male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to intestinal injury (2% dextran sulfate sodium [DSS] for 4 days) followed by central venous catheterization and 14-day infusion of PN with or without the FXR agonist GW4064. Following sacrifice, hepatocellular injury, inflammation, and biliary and sterol transporter expression were determined. GW4064 (30 mg/kg/day) added to PN on days 4-14 prevented hepatic injury and cholestasis; reversed the suppressed mRNA expression of nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 4 (Nr1h4)/FXR, ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 11 (Abcb11)/bile salt export pump, ATP-binding cassette subfamily C member 2 (Abcc2), ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 4(Abcb4), and ATP-binding cassette subfamily G members 5/8(Abcg5/8); and normalized serum bile acids. Chromatin immunoprecipitation of liver showed that GW4064 increased FXR binding to the Abcb11 promoter. Furthermore, GW4064 prevented DSS-PN-induced hepatic macrophage accumulation, hepatic expression of genes associated with macrophage recruitment and activation (ll-1b, C-C motif chemokine receptor 2, integrin subunit alpha M, lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus C), and hepatic macrophage cytokine transcription in response to lipopolysaccharide in vitro. In primary mouse hepatocytes, GW4064 activated transcription of FXR canonical targets, irrespective of IL-1β exposure. Intestinal inflammation and ileal mRNAs (Nr1h4, Fgf15, and organic solute transporter alpha) were not different among groups, supporting a liver-specific effect of GW4064 in this model. CONCLUSIONS GW4064 prevents PNAC in mice through restoration of hepatic FXR signaling, resulting in increased expression of canalicular bile and of sterol and phospholipid transporters and suppression of macrophage recruitment and activation. These data support augmenting FXR activity as a therapeutic strategy to alleviate or prevent PNAC.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 11/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 11/metabolism
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 5/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 8/genetics
- Animals
- Bile Acids and Salts/blood
- Cholestasis/etiology
- Cholestasis/prevention & control
- Gene Expression/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Hepatocytes/metabolism
- Interleukin-1beta/pharmacology
- Intestinal Diseases/chemically induced
- Intestinal Diseases/therapy
- Isoxazoles/pharmacology
- Isoxazoles/therapeutic use
- Lipoproteins/genetics
- Liver Diseases/etiology
- Liver Diseases/pathology
- Liver Diseases/prevention & control
- Macrophage Activation/drug effects
- Macrophages/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2/genetics
- Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins/genetics
- Parenteral Nutrition/adverse effects
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/agonists
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/genetics
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim C El Kasmi
- Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraColoradoUSA
- Pediatric Liver CenterDigestive Health InstituteChildren's Hospital ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
- Boehringer IngelheimIngelheim am RheinGermany
| | - Swati Ghosh
- Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraColoradoUSA
- Pediatric Liver CenterDigestive Health InstituteChildren's Hospital ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Aimee L Anderson
- Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraColoradoUSA
- Pediatric Liver CenterDigestive Health InstituteChildren's Hospital ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Michael W Devereaux
- Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraColoradoUSA
- Pediatric Liver CenterDigestive Health InstituteChildren's Hospital ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Natarajan Balasubramaniyan
- Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraColoradoUSA
- Pediatric Liver CenterDigestive Health InstituteChildren's Hospital ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - David J Orlicky
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Frederick J Suchy
- Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraColoradoUSA
- Pediatric Liver CenterDigestive Health InstituteChildren's Hospital ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Colin T Shearn
- Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraColoradoUSA
- Pediatric Liver CenterDigestive Health InstituteChildren's Hospital ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Ronald J Sokol
- Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraColoradoUSA
- Pediatric Liver CenterDigestive Health InstituteChildren's Hospital ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
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Mohamed MZ, Mohammed HH, Khalaf HM. Therapeutic effect of rupatadine against l-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis in rats: role of inflammation. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2022; 100:176-183. [PMID: 35050802 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an abrupt inflammatory disorder causing high morbidity and mortality. As AP is an insidious medical emergency, a curative modality is required instead of a preventive measure. Thus, we investigated the possible curative effect of rupatadine on a rat model of AP. Rupatadine is a potent histamine receptor 1 (H1R) and platelet-activating factor (PAF) blocker. We used four groups of six Wistar rats as follows: the control group received vehicle; the rupatadine control group received rupatadine as 6 mg/kg orally; the AP group received l-arginine intraperitoneally, and the treatment group received rupatadine at 1, 6, and 24 h after l-arginine injection. The levels of serum amylase, pancreatic oxidative parameters, and pancreatic cytokines were measured. PAF, histamine, and myeloperoxidase levels were determined in the pancreas. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations were performed to determine nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and caspase 3 expressions. Oxidative damage and severe inflammation were detected in the pancreas of the AP group. Rupatadine reduced the oxidative damage and the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, PAF, histamine, myeloperoxidase, NF-κB, and caspase 3 expressions. It restored the pancreatic acini to almost normal condition. Rupatadine induced important anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects against l-arginine-induced AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervat Z Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, 61511 Minia, Egypt
| | - Hanaa H Mohammed
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, 61511 Minia, Egypt
| | - Hanaa M Khalaf
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, 61511 Minia, Egypt
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Marfella R, D'Onofrio N, Trotta MC, Sardu C, Scisciola L, Amarelli C, Balestrieri ML, Grimaldi V, Mansueto G, Esposito S, D'Amico M, Golino P, Signoriello G, De Feo M, Maiello C, Napoli C, Paolisso G. Sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors improve cardiac function by reducing JunD expression in human diabetic hearts. Metabolism 2022; 127:154936. [PMID: 34801581 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of experimental diabetic cardiomyopathy may involve the activator protein 1 (AP-1) member, JunD. Using non-diabetic heart transplant (HTX) in recipients with diabetes, we examined the effects of the diabetic milieu (hyperglycemia and insulin resistance) on cardiac JunD expression over 12 months. Because sodium/glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) significantly reverse high glucose-induced AP-1 binding in the proximal tubular cell, we investigated JunD expression in a subgroup of type 2 diabetic recipients receiving SGLT2i treatment. METHODS We evaluated 77 first HTX recipients (40 and 37 patients with and without diabetes, respectively). Among the recipients with diabetes, 17 (45.9%) were receiving SGLT2i treatment. HTX recipients underwent standard clinical evaluation (metabolic status, echocardiography, coronary computed tomography angiography, and endomyocardial biopsy). In the biopsy samples, we evaluated JunD, insulin receptor substrates 1 and 2 (IRS1 and IRS2), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), and ceramide levels using real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence. The biopsy evaluations in this study were performed at 1-4 weeks (basal), 5-12 weeks (intermediate), and up to 48 weeks (final, end of 12-month follow-up) after HTX. RESULTS There was a significant early and progressive increase in the cardiac expression of JunD/PPAR-γ and ceramide levels, along with a significant decrease in IRS1 and IRS2 in recipients with diabetes but not in those without diabetes. These molecular changes were blunted in patients with diabetes receiving SGLT2i treatment. CONCLUSION Early pathogenesis in human diabetic cardiomyopathy is associated with JunD/PPAR-γ overexpression and lipid accumulation following HTX in recipients with diabetes. Remarkably, this phenomenon was reduced by concomitant therapy with SGLT2i, which acted directly on diabetic hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy; Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy.
| | - Nunzia D'Onofrio
- Department of Precision Medicine, the University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Consiglia Trotta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Celestino Sardu
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Scisciola
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Cristiano Amarelli
- Unit of Cardiac Surgery and Transplants, AORN Ospedali dei Colli-Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Grimaldi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Gelsomina Mansueto
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Michele D'Amico
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Golino
- Cardiology Division, University "L. Vanvitelli" - Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Signoriello
- Statistical Unit, Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Marisa De Feo
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Ciro Maiello
- Unit of Cardiac Surgery and Transplants, AORN Ospedali dei Colli-Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Napoli
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy; Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy
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Xue C, Lv H, Li Y, Dong N, Wang Y, Zhou J, Shi B, Shan A. Oleanolic acid reshapes the gut microbiota and alters immune-related gene expression of intestinal epithelial cells. J Sci Food Agric 2022; 102:764-773. [PMID: 34227118 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oleanolic acid (OA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound that is present at high levels in olive oil and has several promising pharmacological effects, such as liver protection and anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. The purpose of the present study was to assess whether OA treatment affects gut health compared to a control condition, including gut microbiota and intestinal epithelial immunity. RESULTS Illumina MiSeq sequencing (16S rRNA gene) was used to investigate the effect of OA on the microbial community of the intestinal tract, while Illumina HiSeq (RNA-seq) technology was used to investigate the regulatory effect of OA on gene expression in intestinal epithelial cells, which allowed for a comprehensive analysis of the effects of OA on intestinal health. The results showed that the consumption of OA initially controlled weight gain in mice and altered the composition of the gut microbiota. At the phylum level, OA significantly increased the relative abundances of cecum Firmicutes but decreased the abundance of Actinobacteria, and at the genus level it increased the relative abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria such as Oscillibacter and Ruminiclostridium 9. Oleanolic acid treatment also altered the expression of 12 genes involved in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathways of complement and coagulation cascades, hematopoietic cell lineage, and leukocyte transendothelial migration in intestinal epithelial cells to improve gut immunity. CONCLUSION Intake of OA can contribute beneficial effects by optimizing gut microbiota and altering the immune function of intestinal epithelial cells, potentially to improve intestinal health status. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Xue
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Hao Lv
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Na Dong
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Yanhui Wang
- The Institute of Animal Nutrition, Heilongjiang Polytechnic, Shuangcheng, P. R. China
| | - Jiale Zhou
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Baoming Shi
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Anshan Shan
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
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Eti NA, Flor S, Iqbal K, Scott RL, Klenov VE, Gibson-Corley KN, Soares MJ, Ludewig G, Robertson LW. PCB126 induced toxic actions on liver energy metabolism is mediated by AhR in rats. Toxicology 2022; 466:153054. [PMID: 34848246 PMCID: PMC8748418 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.153054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor involved in the regulation of biological responses to more planar aromatic hydrocarbons, like TCDD. We previously described the sequence of events following exposure of male rats to a dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener, 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB126), that binds avidly to the AhR and causes various types of toxicity including metabolic syndrome, fatty liver, and disruption of energy homeostasis. The purpose of this study was, to investigate the role of AhR to mediate those toxic manifestations following sub-acute exposure to PCB126 and to examine possible sex differences in effects. For this goal, we created an AhR knockout (AhR-KO) model using CRISPR/Cas9. Comparison was made to the wild type (WT) male and female Holtzman Sprague Dawley rats. Rats were injected with a single IP dose of corn oil vehicle or 5 μmol/kg PCB126 in corn oil and necropsied after 28 days. PCB126 caused significant weight loss, reduced relative thymus weights, and increased relative liver weights in WT male and female rats, but not in AhR-KO rats. Similarly, significant pathologic changes were visible which included necrosis and regeneration in female rats, micro- and macro-vesicular hepatocellular vacuolation in males, and a paucity of glycogen in livers of both sexes in WT rats only. Hypoglycemia and lower IGF1, and reduced serum non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) were found in serum of both sexes of WT rats, low serum cholesterol levels only in the females, and no changes in AhR-KO rats. The expression of genes encoding enzymes related to xenobiotic metabolism (e.g. CYP1A1), gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis, and fatty acid oxidation were unaffected in the AhR-KO rats following PCB126 exposure as opposed to WT rats where expression was significantly upregulated (PPARα, females only) or downregulated suggesting a disrupted energy homeostasis. Interestingly, Acox2, Hmgcs, G6Pase and Pc were affected in both sexes, the gluconeogenesis and glucose transporter genes Pck1, Glut2, Sds, and Crem only in male WT-PCB rats. These results show the essential role of the AhR in glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, and fatty acid oxidation, i.e. in the regulation of energy production and homeostasis, but also demonstrate a significant difference in the effects of PCB126 in males verses females, suggesting higher vulnerability of glucose homeostasis in males and more changes in fatty acid/lipid homeostasis in females. These differences in effects, which may apply to more/all AhR agonists, should be further analyzed to identify health risks to specific groups of highly exposed human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazmin Akter Eti
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Susanne Flor
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Khursheed Iqbal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Regan L Scott
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Violet E Klenov
- Department of Ob/Gyn, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Katherine N Gibson-Corley
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Michael J Soares
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Gabriele Ludewig
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Larry W Robertson
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.
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Nguyen C, Edgley AJ, Kelly DJ, Kompa AR. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Inhibition Restores Indoxyl Sulfate-Mediated Endothelial Dysfunction in Rat Aortic Rings. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:100. [PMID: 35202128 PMCID: PMC8878015 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14020100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate (IS), elevated in chronic kidney disease (CKD), is known to contribute towards progressive cardiovascular disease. IS activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) mediating oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction via activation of the CYP1A1 pathway. The present study examines AhR inhibition with the antagonist, CH223191, on IS-mediated impairment of vascular endothelial function and disruption of redox balance. The acute effects of IS on endothelium-dependent relaxation were assessed in aortic rings from Sprague Dawley rats exposed to the following conditions: (1) control; (2) IS (300 μM); (3) IS + CH223191 (1 μM); (4) IS + CH223191 (10 μM). Thereafter, tissues were assessed for changes in expression of redox markers. IS reduced the maximum level of endothelium-dependent relaxation (Rmax) by 42% (p < 0.001) compared to control, this was restored in the presence of increasing concentrations of CH223191 (p < 0.05). Rings exposed to IS increased expression of CYP1A1, nitro-tyrosine, NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), superoxide, and reduced eNOS expression (p < 0.05). CH223191 (10 μM) restored expression of these markers back to control levels (p < 0.05). These findings demonstrate the adverse impact of IS-mediated AhR activation on the vascular endothelium, where oxidative stress may play a critical role in inducing endothelial dysfunction in the vasculature of the heart and kidneys. AhR inhibition could provide an exciting novel therapy for CVD in the CKD setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Andrew R. Kompa
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy 3065, Australia; (C.N.); (A.J.E.); (D.J.K.)
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Li J, Li Y, Zhu M, Song S, Qin Z. A Multiwell-Based Assay for Screening Thyroid Hormone Signaling Disruptors Using thibz Expression as a Sensitive Endpoint in Xenopus laevis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030798. [PMID: 35164063 PMCID: PMC8838645 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need for rapidly screening thyroid hormone (TH) signaling disruptors in vivo considering the essential role of TH signaling in vertebrates. We aimed to establish a rapid in vivo screening assay using Xenopus laevis based on the T3-induced Xenopus metamorphosis assay we established previously, as well as the Xenopus Eleutheroembryonic Thyroid Assay (XETA). Stage 48 tadpoles were treated with a series of concentrations of T3 in 6-well plates for 24 h and the expression of six TH-response genes was analyzed for choosing a proper T3 concentration. Next, bisphenol A (BPA) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), two known TH signaling disruptors, were tested for determining the most sensitive TH-response gene, followed by the detection of several suspected TH signaling disruptors. We determined 1 nM as the induction concentration of T3 and thibz expression as the sensitive endpoint for detecting TH signaling disruptors given its highest response to T3, BPA, and TBBPA. And we identified betamipron as a TH signaling agonist, and 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) as a TH signaling antagonist. Overall, we developed a multiwell-based assay for rapidly screening TH signaling disruptors using thibz expression as a sensitive endpoint in X. laevis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (J.L.); (Y.L.); (M.Z.); (S.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (J.L.); (Y.L.); (M.Z.); (S.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Min Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (J.L.); (Y.L.); (M.Z.); (S.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shilin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (J.L.); (Y.L.); (M.Z.); (S.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhanfen Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (J.L.); (Y.L.); (M.Z.); (S.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-6291-9177
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Bedenk J, Režen T, Železnik Ramuta T, Jančar N, Vrtačnik Bokal E, Geršak K, Virant Klun I. Recombinant anti-Müllerian hormone in the maturation medium improves the in vitro maturation of human immature (GV) oocytes after controlled ovarian hormonal stimulation. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2022; 20:18. [PMID: 35073905 PMCID: PMC8785574 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-022-00895-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes is a laboratory method that allows the maturation of immature (GV) oocytes retrieved from patients enrolled in the in vitro fertilization (IVF) programme. However, this method is still sparsely researched and used in clinical practice, leading to suboptimal clinical results. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is an important hormone with known effects on human ovaries, especially on follicles (follicular cells) during folliculogenesis. In contrast, the effect of AMH on the human oocyte itself is unknown. Therefore, we wanted to determine whether human oocytes express AMH receptor 2 (AMHR2) for this hormone. Recombinant AMH was added to the IVM medium to determine whether it affected oocyte maturation. METHODS In total, 247 human oocytes (171 immature and 76 mature) were collected from patients enrolled in the intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) programme who were aged 20 to 43 years and underwent a short antagonist protocol of ovarian stimulation. The expression of AMHR2 protein and AMHR2 gene was analysed in immature and mature oocytes. Additionally, maturation of GV oocytes was performed in vitro in different maturation media with or without added AMH to evaluate the effect of AMH on the oocyte maturation rate. RESULTS Immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy revealed that AMHR2 protein is expressed in both immature and mature human oocytes. AMHR2 was expressed in a spotted pattern throughout the whole oocyte. The IVM procedure revealed that AMH in maturation medium improved GV oocyte maturation in vitro, as all oocytes were successfully matured in maturation medium containing recombinant AMH only. Furthermore, antagonism between AMH and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) during the maturation process was observed, with fewer oocytes maturing when both AMH and FSH were added to the maturation medium. Finally, AMHR2 gene expression was found in immature and in vitro matured oocytes but absent in mature oocytes. CONCLUSIONS The positive AMHR2 protein and AMHR2 gene expression in human oocytes shows that AMH could directly act on human oocytes. This was further functionally confirmed by the IVM procedure. These findings suggest the potential clinical application of recombinant AMH to improve IVM of human oocytes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jure Bedenk
- Clinical Research Centre, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Tadeja Režen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Taja Železnik Ramuta
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nina Jančar
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Eda Vrtačnik Bokal
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ksenija Geršak
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Irma Virant Klun
- Clinical Research Centre, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Koramutla MK, Tuan PA, Ayele BT. Salicylic Acid Enhances Adventitious Root and Aerenchyma Formation in Wheat under Waterlogged Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031243. [PMID: 35163167 PMCID: PMC8835647 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the role of salicylic acid (SA) in regulating morpho-anatomical adaptive responses of a wheat plant to waterlogging. Our pharmacological study showed that treatment of waterlogged wheat plants with exogenous SA promotes the formation axile roots and surface adventitious roots that originate from basal stem nodes, but inhibits their elongation, leading to the formation of a shallow root system. The treatment also enhanced axile root formation in non-waterlogged plants but with only slight reductions in their length and branch root formation. Exogenous SA enhanced the formation of root aerenchyma, a key anatomical adaptive response of plants to waterlogging. Consistent with these results, waterlogging enhanced SA content in the root via expression of specific isochorismate synthase (ICS; ICS1 and ICS2) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL; PAL4, PAL5 and PAL6) genes and in the stem nodes via expression of specific PAL (PAL5 and PAL6) genes. Although not to the same level observed in waterlogged plants, exogenous SA also induced aerenchyma formation in non-waterlogged plants. The findings of this study furthermore indicated that inhibition of ethylene synthesis in SA treated non-waterlogged and waterlogged plants does not have any effect on SA-induced emergence of axile and/or surface adventitious roots but represses SA-mediated induction of aerenchyma formation. These results highlight that the role of SA in promoting the development of axile and surface adventitious roots in waterlogged wheat plants is ethylene independent while the induction of aerenchyma formation by SA requires the presence of ethylene.
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Parkin ET, Hammond JE, Owens L, Hodges MD. The orphan drug dichloroacetate reduces amyloid beta-peptide production whilst promoting non-amyloidogenic proteolysis of the amyloid precursor protein. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0255715. [PMID: 35025874 PMCID: PMC8757967 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The amyloid cascade hypothesis proposes that excessive accumulation of amyloid beta-peptides is the initiating event in Alzheimer’s disease. These neurotoxic peptides are generated from the amyloid precursor protein via sequential cleavage by β- and γ-secretases in the ’amyloidogenic’ proteolytic pathway. Alternatively, the amyloid precursor protein can be processed via the ’non-amyloidogenic’ pathway which, through the action of the α-secretase a disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) 10, both precludes amyloid beta-peptide formation and has the additional benefit of generating a neuroprotective soluble amyloid precursor protein fragment, sAPPα. In the current study, we investigated whether the orphan drug, dichloroacetate, could alter amyloid precursor protein proteolysis. In SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, dichloroacetate enhanced sAPPα generation whilst inhibiting β–secretase processing of endogenous amyloid precursor protein and the subsequent generation of amyloid beta-peptides. Over-expression of the amyloid precursor protein partly ablated the effect of dichloroacetate on amyloidogenic and non-amyloidogenic processing whilst over-expression of the β-secretase only ablated the effect on amyloidogenic processing. Similar enhancement of ADAM-mediated amyloid precursor protein processing by dichloroacetate was observed in unrelated cell lines and the effect was not exclusive to the amyloid precursor protein as an ADAM substrate, as indicated by dichloroacetate-enhanced proteolysis of the Notch ligand, Jagged1. Despite altering proteolysis of the amyloid precursor protein, dichloroacetate did not significantly affect the expression/activity of α-, β- or γ-secretases. In conclusion, dichloroacetate can inhibit amyloidogenic and promote non-amyloidogenic proteolysis of the amyloid precursor protein. Given the small size and blood-brain-barrier permeability of the drug, further research into its mechanism of action with respect to APP proteolysis may lead to the development of therapies for slowing the progression of Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward T. Parkin
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Jessica E. Hammond
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Lauren Owens
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew D. Hodges
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
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Krull F, Akkouh I, Hughes T, Bettella F, Athanasiu L, Smeland OB, O'Connell KS, Brattbakk HR, Steen VM, Steen NE, Djurovic S, Andreassen OA. Dose-dependent transcriptional effects of lithium and adverse effect burden in a psychiatric cohort. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2022; 112:110408. [PMID: 34320404 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lithium is the first-line treatment for bipolar disorder (BD), but there is a large variation in response rate and adverse effects. Although the molecular effects of lithium have been studied extensively, the specific mechanisms of action remain unclear. In particular, the molecular changes underlying lithium adverse effects are little known. Multiple linear regression analyses of lithium serum concentrations and global gene expression levels in whole blood were carried out using a large case-control sample (n = 1450). Self-reported adverse effects of lithium were assessed with the "Udvalg for Kliniske Undersøgelser" (UKU) adverse effect rating scale, and regression analysis was used to identify significant associations between lithium-related genes and six of the most common adverse effects. Serum concentrations of lithium were significantly associated with the expression levels of 52 genes (FDR < 0.01), largely replicating previous results. We found 32 up-regulated genes and 20 down-regulated genes in lithium users compared to non-users. The down-regulated gene set was enriched for several processes related to the translational machinery. Two adverse effects were significantly associated (p < 0.01) with three or more lithium-associated genes: tremor (FAM13A-AS1, FAR2, ITGAX, RWDD1, and STARD10) and xerostomia (ANKRD13A, FAR2, RPS8, and RWDD1). The adverse effect association with the largest effect was between CAMK1D expression and nausea/vomiting. These results suggest putative transcriptional mechanisms that may predict lithium adverse effects, and could thus have a large potential for informing clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Krull
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ibrahim Akkouh
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Timothy Hughes
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lavinia Athanasiu
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olav B Smeland
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kevin S O'Connell
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Vidar M Steen
- NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nils Eiel Steen
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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Okano H, Takashima K, Takahashi Y, Ojiro R, Tang Q, Ozawa S, Ogawa B, Koyanagi M, Maronpot RR, Yoshida T, Shibutani M. Ameliorating effect of continuous alpha-glycosyl isoquercitrin treatment starting from late gestation in a rat autism model induced by postnatal injection of lipopolysaccharides. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 351:109767. [PMID: 34863679 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the role of neuroinflammation and brain oxidative stress induced by neonatal treatment with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) on the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD)-like behaviors and disruptive hippocampal neurogenesis in rats by exploring the chemopreventive effects of alpha-glycosyl isoquercitrin (AGIQ) as an antioxidant. AGIQ was dietary administered to dams at 0.25% or 0.5% (w/w) from gestational day 18 until postnatal day (PND) 21 on weaning and then to pups until the adult stage on PND 77. The pups were intraperitoneally injected with LPS (1 mg/kg body weight) on PND 3. At PND 6, LPS alone increased Iba1+ and CD68+ cell numbers without changing the CD163+ cell number and strongly upregulated pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression (Il1a, Il1b, Il6, Nfkb1, and Tnf) in the hippocampus, and increased brain malondialdehyde levels. At PND 10, pups decreased ultrasonic vocalization (USV), suggesting the induction of pro-inflammatory responses and oxidative stress to trigger communicative deficits. By contrast, LPS alone upregulated Nfe2l2 expression at PND 6, increased Iba1+, CD68+, and CD163+ cell numbers, and upregulated Tgfb1 at PND 21, suggesting anti-inflammatory responses until the weaning period. However, LPS alone disrupted hippocampal neurogenesis at weaning and suppressed social interaction parameters and rate of freezing time at fear acquisition and extinction during the adolescent stage. On PND 77, neuroinflammatory responses had mostly disappeared; however, disruptive neurogenesis and fear memory deficits were sustained. AGIQ ameliorated most changes on acute pro-inflammatory responses and oxidative stress at PND 6, and the effects on USVs at PND 10 and neurogenesis and behavioral parameters throughout the adult stage. These results suggested that neonatal LPS treatment induced acute but transient neuroinflammation, triggering the progressive disruption of hippocampal neurogenesis leading to abnormal behaviors in later life. AGIQ treatment was effective for ameliorating LPS-induced progressive changes by critically suppressing initial pro-inflammatory responses and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromu Okano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Kazumi Takashima
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Yasunori Takahashi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Ryota Ojiro
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Qian Tang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Shunsuke Ozawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Bunichiro Ogawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Mihoko Koyanagi
- Global Scientific and Regulatory Affairs, San-Ei Gen F.F.I., Inc., 1-1-11 Sanwa-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 561-8588, Japan.
| | - Robert R Maronpot
- Maronpot Consulting, LLC, 1612 Medfield Road, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA.
| | - Toshinori Yoshida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Makoto Shibutani
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan; Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
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Matsubara H, Imai T, Tsuji S, Oka N, Egashira Y, Enomoto Y, Nakayama N, Nakamura S, Shimazawa M, Iwama T, Hara H. Nafamostat protects against early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage in mice. J Pharmacol Sci 2022; 148:65-72. [PMID: 34924132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2021.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of nafamostat, a serin protease inhibitor, in the management of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). SAH was induced by endovascular perforation in male mice. Nafamostat was administered intraperitoneally four times immediately after SAH induction. Cerebral blood flow, neurological behavior tests, SAH grade and protein expression were evaluated at 24 h after SAH induction. In the in vitro model, human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMVECs), HBVECs were exposed to thrombin and hypoxia for 24 h; nafamostat was administered and the protein expression was evaluated. Eighty-eight mice were included in the in vivo study. Fifteen mice (17%) were excluded because of death or procedure failure. Nafamostat exerted no significant effect on the SAH grade or cerebral blood flow; however, it improved the neurological behavior and suppressed the thrombin and MMP-9 expression. In addition, nafamostat suppressed the ICAM-1 expression and p38 phosphorylation in the in vitro study. Nafamostat has a protective effect against HBMVEC after exposure to thrombin and hypoxia, suggesting its role in improving the neurological outcomes after SAH. These findings indicate that nafamostat has the potential to be a novel therapeutic drug in the management of SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Matsubara
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takahiko Imai
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Shohei Tsuji
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Natsumi Oka
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yusuke Egashira
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yukiko Enomoto
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nakayama
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Nakamura
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Shimazawa
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Toru Iwama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hara
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan.
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Juknevičienė M, Balnytė I, Valančiūtė A, Stanevičiūtė J, Sužiedėlis K, Stakišaitis D. The effect of valproic acid on SLC5A8 expression in gonad-intact and gonadectomized rat thymocytes. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2022; 36:20587384211051954. [PMID: 35120418 PMCID: PMC8819739 DOI: 10.1177/20587384211051954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Valproic acid (VPA) pharmacological mechanisms are related to the anti-inflammatory and anti-viral effects. VPA is a histone deacetylases inhibitor and serves a role in its immunomodulatory impacts. VPA has complex effects on immune cell's mitochondrial metabolism. The SLC5A8 transporter of short fatty acids has an active role in regulating mitochondrial metabolism. The study aimed to investigate whether SLC5A8 expresses the sex-related difference and how SLC5A8 expression depends on gonadal hormones, VPA treatment, and NKCC1 expression in rat thymocytes. METHODS Control groups and VPA-treated gonad-intact and gonadectomized Wistar male and female rats were investigated (n = 6 in a group). The VPA 300 mg/kg/day in drinking water was given for 4 weeks. The SLC5A8 (Slc5a8 gene) and NKCC1 (Slc12a2 gene) RNA expressions were determined by the RT-PCR method. RESULTS The higher Slc5a8 expression was found in the gonad-intact males than respective females (p = 0.004). VPA treatment decreased the Slc5a8 expression in gonad-intact and castrated males (p = 0.02 and p = 0.03, respectively), and increased in gonad-intact female rats compared to their control (p = 0.03). No significant difference in the Slc5a8 expression between the ovariectomized female control and VPA-treated females was determined (p > 0.05). VPA treatment alters the correlation between Slc5a8 and Slc12a2 gene expression in thymocytes of gonad-intact rats. CONCLUSION VPA effect on the Slc5a8 expression in rat thymocytes is gender- and gonadal hormone-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milda Juknevičienė
- Department of Histology and
Embryology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health
Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ingrida Balnytė
- Department of Histology and
Embryology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health
Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Angelija Valančiūtė
- Department of Histology and
Embryology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health
Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jūratė Stanevičiūtė
- Department of Histology and
Embryology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health
Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Kęstutis Sužiedėlis
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer
Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Donatas Stakišaitis
- Department of Histology and
Embryology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health
Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer
Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Chatuphonprasert W, Tukum-Mee W, Wattanathorn J, Jarukamjorn K. Impact of Pineapple Juice on Expression of CYP3A4, NAT2, SULT1A1 and OATP1B1 mRNA in HepG2 Cells. Pak J Biol Sci 2022; 25:15-22. [PMID: 35001571 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2022.15.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> Pineapple (<i>Ananas comosus</i>) is a popular fruit worldwide with natural antioxidant properties. This study examined how pineapple modified the expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes (CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP3A4, UGT1A6, NAT2 and SULT1A1) and a drug transporter (OATP1B1) in human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) cells. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> HepG2 cells (2.5×10<sup>5</sup> cells/well in a 24-well plate) were incubated with pineapple juice extract (125-1,000 μg mL<sup>1</sup>) for 48 hrs in phenol red-free medium. Resazurin reduction, ROS, AST and ALT assays were performed. The mRNA expression of target genes was determined by RT/qPCR. <b>Results:</b> Pineapple juice slightly reduced HepG2 cell viability to 80% of the control, while ROS, AST and ALT levels were not changed. Pineapple juice did not alter the expression of CYP1A2, CYP2C9 and UGT1A6 mRNA. All tested concentrations of pineapple juice suppressed CYP3A4, NAT2 and OATP1B1 expression, while SULT1A1 expression was induced. <b>Conclusion:</b> Though pineapple juice slightly decreased the viability of HepG2 cells, cell morphology and cell function remained normal. Pineapple juice disturbed the expression of phase I (CYP3A4) and phase II (NAT2 and SULT1A1) metabolizing genes and the drug transporter OATP1B1. Therefore, the consumption of excessive amounts of pineapple juice poses a risk for drug interactions.
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