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Wang M, He Z, Xiong Z, Liu H, Zhou X, He J. Effects of dietary supplementation of grape seed extract in comparison with excessive level of vitamin E on growth performance and antioxidant function of broilers. Anim Biotechnol 2024; 35:2331640. [PMID: 38526422 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2024.2331640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of dietary vitamin E (VE) or grape seed extract (GSE) on the growth performance and antioxidant function of broilers. Two hundred sixteen broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 3 diets: diet supplemented with oxidized rice bran oil (CN group), CN group with 25 mg/kg VE or 100 mg/kg GSE. Dietary VE or GSE improved the growth performance, reverted the disturbed levels of liver antioxidant enzymes, and reduced liver damage of broilers fed oxidized rice bran oil. The mRNA data showed that supplementation of VE or GSE enhanced the antioxidant capacity of the broiler liver through activation of the Keap1-Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. The results suggested that VE and GSE can increase weight gain, improve the oxidative status, and alleviate liver injury in broiler chicken fed oxidized rice bran oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Zongze He
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhaolong Xiong
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian He
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
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Song C, Chu Z, Dai J, Xie D, Qin T, Xie L, Zhai Z, Huang S, Xu Y, Sun T. Water extract of moschus alleviates erastin-induced ferroptosis by regulating the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway in HT22 cells. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 326:117937. [PMID: 38423409 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Moschus, first described in the Shennong's Classic of the Materia medicine, is a scarce and precious animal medicine. Modern pharmacological researches have suggested that Moschus has neuroprotective actions, and its mechanism is related to anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptosis effects. Ferroptosis is one of the major pathologies of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is widely implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of AD. Although previous studies have suggested that Moschus possesses neuroprotective effect, whether Moschus could mitigate neuronal damages by inhibiting the onset of ferroptosis is unknown in model cells of AD. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of study was to explore the water extract of Moschus (WEM) on ferroptosis caused by erastin and the potential mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Erastin was used to stimulate HT22 cells to form ferroptosis model to evaluate the anti-ferroptosis effect of WEM by cell counting kit-8 and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) tests. The malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) kits are used for detection of MDA and GSH levels, and 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate and C11 BODIPY 581/591 fluorescence probe are used for evaluation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxide (LOOH) levels. And Western blot was used to test nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and ferroptosis associated proteins including glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), cystine/glutamate antiporter subunit (SLC7A11), ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1), ferroportin1 (FPN1), transferrin receptor (TFRC). In addition, the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 was applied to verify whether WEM prevents erastin-induced ferroptosis by activating the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. RESULTS After WEM treatment, erastin-induced HT22 cell survival was significantly elevated, the accumulation of intracellular MDA, ROS, and LOOH were significantly reduced, the level of GSH and expressions of ferroptosis inhibitors GPX4 and SLC7A11 were significantly increased, and iron metabolism-related proteins TFRC, FPN1, and FTH1 were regulated. These effects of WEM are implemented by activating the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that WEM could perform neuroprotective effects by alleviating ferroptosis, verified that WEM treatment of AD can be mediated by the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway, and provided theoretical support for the application of WEM in the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyou Song
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Zhili Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jingyi Dai
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Danni Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Tao Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Linjiang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Zhenwei Zhai
- The Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Sha Huang
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Tao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Sheng S, Han N, Wei Y, Wang J, Han W, Xing B, Xing M, Zhang W. Liver Injury Induced by Exposure to Polystyrene Microplastics Alone or in Combination with Cadmium in Mice Is Mediated by Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2170-2183. [PMID: 37736782 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03835-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have been considered an emerging environmental pollutant which, when combined with toxic metals, enter the circulatory system of mammals and eventually cause damage. Therefore, it is important to study the toxicity of the mixture of MPs and heavy metals for evaluating risk assessment of mammals. In the present study, the toxicological effects of different concentrations of polystyrene (PS)-MPs alone or in combination with cadmium chloride (CdCl2) during chronic exposure (8 weeks) were evaluated using intragastric administration in mice. Using comparative analysis, it was revealed that PS-MPs alone or in combination with Cd could destroy the normal structural morphology of liver tissue and increase the levels of two biochemical indicators of liver damage, thereby inducing changes in antioxidant and hyperoxide capacities. In addition, PS-MPs and/or Cd activated the antioxidant signaling pathway Nrf2-Keap1 and affected the endogenous apoptosis signaling pathway p53-Bcl-2/Bax, thus promoting apoptosis. These findings suggested that exposure to MPs alone or in combination with Cd led to adverse effects on the liver. Furthermore, it was revealed that co-exposure to MPs and Cd reduced Cd toxicity, thereby highlighting the possibility MPs may act as carriers of other toxic substances and coordinate with them. Therefore, evaluating the synergistic or anti-agonistic effects of MPs on the toxicity and bioavailability of xenobiotics is in the future critical in environmental toxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Sheng
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningxin Han
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Wei
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghan Wang
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Han
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Boyu Xing
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingwei Xing
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wen Zhang
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Wildlife Diseases and Biosecurity Management, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
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Ma J, Tan H, Bi J, Sun B, Zhen Y, Lian W, Wang S. Zinc Ameliorates Tripterygium Glycosides-Induced Reproductive Impairment in Male Rats by Regulating Zinc Homeostasis and Expression of Oxidative Stress-Related Genes. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2111-2123. [PMID: 37612486 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03815-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Tripterygium glycosides (TG) can seriously damage male reproductive function, and the reproductive system is difficult to restore after stopping the administration of TG in male rats. Zinc (Zn) is one of the most important trace elements in the human body and plays an important role in maintaining male fertility. The aim of this study was to investigate whether zinc supplementation could improve the testicular reproductive damage induced by TG toxicity in rats and to investigate its mechanism of action. The results showed that zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) could improve testicular tissue structure and semen parameters, promote testosterone synthesis, increase zinc-containing enzyme activity, increase zinc concentration in serum and testicular tissues, and maintain zinc homeostasis in male rats induced by TG toxicity. Zinc supplementation activated relevant signalling molecules in the KEAP1-NRF2/ARE pathway and alleviated TG-induced oxidative stress. Therefore, this study concluded that zinc supplementation could improve reproductive damage by regulating zinc homeostasis and the expression of genes related to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ma
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Hebei Reproductive Health Hospital, No. 80 Heping Street, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050071, China
| | - He Tan
- Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Jiajie Bi
- Graduate School of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yingxian Zhen
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Hebei Reproductive Health Hospital, No. 80 Heping Street, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050071, China
| | - Weiguang Lian
- Department of Laboratory Animals, The Key Lab of Hebei Provincial Laboratory Animals, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
| | - Shusong Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Hebei Reproductive Health Hospital, No. 80 Heping Street, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050071, China.
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
- Graduate School of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China.
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Deng Y, Chu X, Li Q, Zhu G, Hu J, Sun J, Zeng H, Huang J, Ge G. Xanthohumol ameliorates drug-induced hepatic ferroptosis via activating Nrf2/xCT/GPX4 signaling pathway. Phytomedicine 2024; 126:155458. [PMID: 38394733 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a canonical iron-dependent form of regulated cell death (RCD), ferroptosis plays a crucial role in chemical-induced liver injuries. Previous studies have demonstrated that xanthohumol (Xh), a natural prenylflavonoid isolated from hops, exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-antioxidative and hepatoprotective properties. However, the regulatory effects of Xh on hepatic ferroptosis and the underlying mechanism have not yet been fully elucidated. PURPOSE To investigate the hepatoprotective effects of Xh against drug-induced liver injury (DILI) and the regulatory effects of Xh on hepatic ferroptosis, as well as to reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS/STUDY DESIGN The hepatoprotective benefits of Xh were investigated in APAP-induced liver injury (AILI) mice and HepaRG cells. Xh was administered intraperitoneally to assess its in vivo effects. Histological and biochemical studies were carried out to evaluate liver damage. A series of ferroptosis-related markers, including intracellular Fe2+ levels, ROS and GSH levels, the levels of MDA, LPO and 4-HNE, as well as the expression levels of ferroptosis-related proteins and modulators were quantified both in vivo and in vitro. The modified peptides of Keap1 by Xh were characterized utilizing nano LC-MS/MS. RESULTS Xh remarkably suppresses hepatic ferroptosis and ameliorates AILI both in vitro and in vivo, via suppressing Fe2+ accumulation, ROS formation, MDA generation and GSH depletion, these observations could be considerably mitigated by the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1). Mechanistically, Xh could significantly activate the Nrf2/xCT/GPX4 signaling pathway to counteract AILI-induced hepatocyte ferroptosis. Further investigations showed that Xh could covalently modify three functional cysteine residues (cys151, 273, 288) of Keap1, which in turn, reduced the ubiquitination rates of Nrf2 and prolonged its degradation half-life. CONCLUSIONS Xh evidently suppresses hepatic ferroptosis and ameliorates AILI via covalent modifying three key cysteines of Keap1 and activating Nrf2/xCT/GPX4 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Deng
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiayan Chu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qian Li
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guanghao Zhu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Jianming Sun
- Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Hairong Zeng
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Jian Huang
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Division, Shanghai Institute of Food and Drug Control, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guangbo Ge
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Shanghai 201203, China.
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Li H, Guan K, Liu M, Jiang W, Yan F, Zhu A, Zhou S. Identification and anti-oxidative potential of milk fat globule membrane (MFGM)-derived bioactive peptides released through in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107232. [PMID: 38437762 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the stability of milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) protein under simulated gastrointestinal conditions using an in vitro enzymatic digestion method. The optimal hydrolysis conditions were determined by monitoring the changes in particle size and zeta-potential of MFGM protein hydrolysates over time. Furthermore, the distribution of small molecular weight peptides with antioxidant activity was explored through DEAE-52 combined with in vitro cell experiments. Two novel antioxidant peptides (TGIIT and IITQ) were identified based on molecular docking technology and evaluated their potential scavenging activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-Azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS+) radicals. TGIIT and IITQ also demonstrated remarkable abilities in promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and activating Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway, which can effectively counteract skeletal muscle dysfunction induced by oxidative stress. Thus, MFGM-derived antioxidant peptides have the potential to be employed in food to regulate muscle protein metabolism and alleviate sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Li
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Targeting Endothelial Cells, College of Health Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kaifang Guan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Min Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning 530008, Guangxi, China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Targeting Endothelial Cells, College of Health Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengjuan Yan
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Targeting Endothelial Cells, College of Health Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aihua Zhu
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Targeting Endothelial Cells, College of Health Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaobo Zhou
- School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham ME4 4TB, UK.
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Xu Y, Sun D, Xiong L, Zhang Z, Li Y, Liu K, Li H, Chen L. Phenolics and terpenoids with good anti-inflammatory activity from the fruits of Amomum villosum and the anti-inflammatory mechanism of active diterpene. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107190. [PMID: 38377816 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The fruits of Amomum villosum are often considered a medicinal and food homologous material and have been found to have therapeutic effects in chronic enteritis, gastroenteritis, and duodenal ulcer. The aim of this study is to discover the anti-inflammatory active ingredients from dried ripe fruits of A. villosum and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms. We verified that the inhibitory activity of the ethyl acetate extract was superior to Dexamethasone (Dex), so we ultimately chose to study the ethyl acetate extract from the fruits of A. villosum. A total of 33 compounds were isolated from its ethyl acetate extract, including nine known diterpenoids (compounds 1-9), twelve known sesquiterpenoids (compounds 10-21), ten known phenolics (compounds 22, 23, 25-29, 31-33) and two new phenolics (24 and 30). On the basis of chemical evidences and spectral data analysis (UV, ECD, Optical rotation data, 1D and 2D-NMR, HR-ESI-MS, NMR chemical shift calculations), the structures of new compounds were elucidated. Among these compounds, isocoronarin D (5) was found to have good anti-inflammatory activity. Further research has found that isocoronarin D can down-regulate the protein levels of COX2 and NOS2, activate Nrf2/Keap1 and suppress NF-κB signaling pathway in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. In addition, isocoronarin D inhibited inflammasome assembly during inflammasome activation by hampering the binding of NLRP3 and ASC. Further evidence revealed that isocoronarin D suppressed the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome via blocking the formation of ASC specks. From these results, isocoronarin D may be the important bioactive compound of A. villosum and exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by regulating the NF-κB/Nrf2/NLRP3 axis in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Dejuan Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Liangliang Xiong
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhiqi Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yuxia Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hua Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Institute of Structural Pharmacology & TCM Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Lixia Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Zhong G, Li Y, Ma F, Huo Y, Liao J, Han Q, Hu L, Tang Z. Copper Exposure Induced Chicken Hepatotoxicity: Involvement of Ferroptosis Mediated by Lipid Peroxidation, Ferritinophagy, and Inhibition of FSP1-CoQ10 and Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 Axis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:1711-1721. [PMID: 37474886 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03773-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is one of the most significant trace elements in the body, but it is also a widespread environmental toxicant health. Ferroptosis is a newly identified programmed cell death, which involves various heavy metal-induced organ toxicity. Nevertheless, the role of ferroptosis in Cu-induced hepatotoxicity remains poorly understood. In this study, we found that 330 mg/kg Cu could disrupt the liver structure and cause characteristic morphological changes in mitochondria associated with ferroptosis. Additionally, Cu treatment increased MDA (malondialdehyde) and LPO (lipid peroxide) production while reducing GSH (reduced glutathione) content and GCL (glutamate cysteine ligase) activity. However, it is noticeable that there were no appreciable differences in liver iron content and key indicators of iron metabolism. Meanwhile, our further investigation found that 330 mg/kg Cu-exposure changed multiple ferroptosis-related indicators in chicken livers, including inhibition of the expression of SLC7A11, GPX4, FSP1, and COQ10B, whereas enhances the levels of ACLS4, LPCAT3, and LOXHD1. Furthermore, the changes in the expression of NCOA4, TXNIP, and Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway-related genes and proteins also further confirmed 330 mg/kg Cu exposure-induced ferroptosis. In conclusion, our results indicated that ferroptosis may play essential roles in Cu overload-induced liver damage, which offered new insights into the pathogenesis of Cu-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaolong Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yuanxu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Feiyang Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yihui Huo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jianzhao Liao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qingyue Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lianmei Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Cai F, Li D, Zhou K, Zhang W, Yang Y. Tiliroside attenuates acute kidney injury by inhibiting ferroptosis through the disruption of NRF2-KEAP1 interaction. Phytomedicine 2024; 126:155407. [PMID: 38340577 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent process that regulates cell death. Emerging evidences suggest that ferroptosis induces acute kidney injury (AKI) progression, and inhibiting ferroptosis provides an effect strategy for AKI treatment. The disruption of the NRF2-KEAP1 protein to protein interaction (PPI) induces NRF2 activation, which provides a promising strategy that can identify new ferroptosis inhibitors. A previous study revealed that tiliroside, a glycosidic flavonoid extracted from Edgeworthia chrysantha Lindl (buds), has anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective effects via NRF2 activation. However, the mechanism through which tiliroside activates NRF2 is unknown, and it remains unclear whether it has protective effects against AKI. PURPOSE To investigate whether tiliroside has protective effects against AKI in mice and the associated mechanisms. METHODS Possible tiliroside substrates were analyzed using molecular docking. Cisplatin- and ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI)-induced AKI mouse models and HK2 cells model were constructed to evaluate the protective effects of tiliroside. CRISPR/Cas9 mediated NRF2 knockout HK2 cells were used to verify whether NRF2 mediates tiliroside protective effects. RESULTS In vivo, our results showed that tiliroside treatment preserved kidney functions in AKI mice models, as showed by lower levels of serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and renal injury markers, including neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM1), compared with the mice in control groups. In vitro, tiliroside treatment greatly ameliorated cisplatin-induced ferroptosis through NRF2 activation in cultured HK2 cells, as evidenced by the protective effects of tiliroside being greatly blunted after the knockout of NRF2 in HK2 cells. Mechanistic studies indicated that tiliroside promoted NRF2/GPX4 pathway activation and ferroptosis inhibition, perhaps via the disruption of the NRF2-KEAP1 PPI. CONCLUSION Together, our results demonstrate that tiliroside may serve as a NRF2-KEAP1 PPI inhibitor and prevents ferroptosis-induced AKI, indicating its potential for clinical AKI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Cai
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Dangran Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Kaiqian Zhou
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
| | - Yunwen Yang
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.
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10
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Cheng X, Huang J, Li H, Zhao D, Liu Z, Zhu L, Zhang Z, Peng W. Quercetin: A promising therapy for diabetic encephalopathy through inhibition of hippocampal ferroptosis. Phytomedicine 2024; 126:154887. [PMID: 38377720 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiology of diabetic encephalopathy (DE), a significant diabetes-related pathological complication of the central nervous system, is poorly understood. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent regulated necrotic cell death process that mediates the development of neurodegenerative and diabetes-related lesions. Quercetin (QE) exerts anti-ferroptotic effects in various diseases. However, the roles of ferroptosis in DE and the potential anti-ferroptotic mechanisms of QE are unclear. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate if quercetin can ameliorate DE by inhibiting ferroptosis and to elucidate the potential anti-ferroptotic mechanisms of QE, thus providing a new perspective on the pathogenesis and prevention of DE. METHODS The spontaneously type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizak rats and high glucose (HG)-induced PC12 cells were used as animal and in vitro models, respectively. The Morris water maze test was performed to evaluate the cognition of rats. Pathological damage was examined using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Mitochondrial damage was assessed using transmission electron microscopy. Lipid peroxidation was evaluated by examining the levels of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione. Additionally, the contents of iron ions were quantified. Immunofluorescence and western blotting were carried out to poke the protein levels. Network pharmacology analysis was conducted to construct a protein-protein interaction network for the therapeutic targets of QE in DE. Additionally, molecular docking and cellular thermal shift assay was performed to examine the target of QE. RESULTS QE alleviated cognitive impairment, decreased lipid peroxidation and iron deposition in the hippocampus, and upregulated the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. HG-induced ferroptosis in PC12 cells resulted in decreased cell viability accompanied by lipid peroxidation and iron deposition. QE mitigated HG-induced ferroptosis by upregulating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, which was partially suppressed upon Nrf2 inhibition. Network pharmacology analysis further indicated that the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway is a key target of QE. Molecular docking experiments revealed that QE binds to KEAP1 through four hydrogen bonds. Moreover, QE altered the thermostability of KEAP1. CONCLUSION These results indicated that QE inhibits ferroptosis in the hippocampal neurons by binding to KEAP1 and subsequently upregulating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Cheng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Hongli Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Di Zhao
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Lemei Zhu
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, PR China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- YangSheng College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, PR China
| | - Weijun Peng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, PR China.
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11
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Li B, Xiu M, He L, Zhou S, Yi S, Wang X, Cao W, Liu Y, He J. Protective effect of San Huang Pill and its bioactive compounds against ulcerative colitis in Drosophila via modulation of JAK/STAT, apoptosis, Toll, and Nrf2/Keap1 pathways. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 322:117578. [PMID: 38104873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE San Huang Pill (SHP) is a prescription in Dunhuang Ancient Medical Prescription, which has the efficacy of heat-clearing and dampness-drying, and is a traditional formula for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. However, its efficacy and mechanism in treating ulcerative colitis (UC) are still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the protective effects of SHP and its bioactive compounds against Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-induced intestinal damage using the Drosophila melanogaster model, and to detect the molecular mechanism of SHP in the treatment of UC. METHODS Survival rate, locomotion, feeding, and excretion were used to explore the anti-inflammatory effects of SHP. The pharmacotoxicity of SHP was measured using developmental analysis. Intestinal integrity, intestinal length, intestinal acid-base homeostasis, and Tepan blue assay were used to analyze the protective effect of SHP against DSS-induced intestinal damage. The molecular mechanism of SHP was detected using DHE staining, immunofluorescence, real-time PCR, 16 S rRNA gene sequencing, and network pharmacology analysis. Survival rate, intestinal length, and integrity analysis were used to detect the protective effect of bioactive compounds of SHP against intestinal damage. RESULTS SHP supplementation significantly increased the survival rate, restored locomotion, increased metabolic rate, maintained intestinal morphological integrity and intestinal homeostasis, protected intestinal epithelial cells, and alleviated intestinal oxidative damage in adult flies under DSS stimulation. Besides, administration of SHP had no toxic effect on flies. Moreover, SHP supplementation remarkably decreased the expression levels of genes related to JAK/STAT, apoptosis, and Toll signaling pathways, increased the gene expressions of the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway, and also reduced the relative abundance of harmful bacteria in DSS-treated flies. Additionally, the ingredients in SHP (palmatine, berberine, baicalein, wogonin, rhein, and aloeemodin) had protection against DSS-induced intestinal injury, such as prolonging survival rate, increasing intestinal length, and maintaining intestinal barrier integrity. CONCLUSION SHP had a strong anti-inflammatory function, and remarkably alleviated DSS-induced intestinal morphological damage and intestinal homeostatic imbalance in adult flies by regulating JAK/STAT, apoptosis, Toll and Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathways, and also gut microbial homeostasis. This suggests that SHP may be a potential complementary and alternative medicine herb therapy for UC, which provides a basis for modern pharmacodynamic evaluation of other prescriptions in Dunhuang ancient medical prescription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Botong Li
- Provincial-level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; College of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Minghui Xiu
- College of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory for Transfer of Dunhuang Medicine at the Provincial and Ministerial Level, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Li He
- College of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shihong Zhou
- College of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Simeng Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- Provincial-level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; College of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wangjie Cao
- Provincial-level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; College of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yongqi Liu
- Provincial-level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory for Transfer of Dunhuang Medicine at the Provincial and Ministerial Level, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Jianzheng He
- Provincial-level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; College of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory for Transfer of Dunhuang Medicine at the Provincial and Ministerial Level, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Gastrointestinal Tumor, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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12
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Hesamzadeh P, Seif A, Mahmoudzadeh K, Ganjali Koli M, Mostafazadeh A, Nayeri K, Mirjafary Z, Saeidian H. De novo antioxidant peptide design via machine learning and DFT studies. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6473. [PMID: 38499731 PMCID: PMC10948870 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57247-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant peptides (AOPs) are highly valued in food and pharmaceutical industries due to their significant role in human function. This study introduces a novel approach to identifying robust AOPs using a deep generative model based on sequence representation. Through filtration with a deep-learning classification model and subsequent clustering via the Butina cluster algorithm, twelve peptides (GP1-GP12) with potential antioxidant capacity were predicted. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations guided the selection of six peptides for synthesis and biological experiments. Molecular orbital representations revealed that the HOMO for these peptides is primarily localized on the indole segment, underscoring its pivotal role in antioxidant activity. All six synthesized peptides exhibited antioxidant activity in the DPPH assay, while the hydroxyl radical test showed suboptimal results. A hemolysis assay confirmed the non-hemolytic nature of the generated peptides. Additionally, an in silico investigation explored the potential inhibitory interaction between the peptides and the Keap1 protein. Analysis revealed that ligands GP3, GP4, and GP12 induced significant structural changes in proteins, affecting their stability and flexibility. These findings highlight the capability of machine learning approaches in generating novel antioxidant peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parsa Hesamzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolvahab Seif
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita' di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131, Padua, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Kazem Mahmoudzadeh
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Oil, Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amrollah Mostafazadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Kosar Nayeri
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mirjafary
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Saeidian
- Department of Science, Payame Noor University (PNU), PO Box: 19395-4697, Tehran, Iran.
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13
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Yin H, Li R, Liu J, Sun Y, Zhao L, Mou J, Yang J. Fucosylated chondroitin sulfate from sea cucumber Stichopus chloronotus alleviate the intestinal barrier injury and oxidative stress damage in vitro and in vivo. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 328:121722. [PMID: 38220325 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the alleviative effects of fucosylated chondroitin sulfate from sea cucumber Stichopus chloronotus (fCSSc) on the intestinal barrier injury and oxidative stress damage in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that fCS-Sc protected the intestinal barrier and improved the antioxidant function in H2O2 damaged Caco-2 cells via up-regulating the tight junction proteins and activating Keap1-Nrf2-ARE antioxidant pathway. Furthermore, administration fCS-Sc could ameliorate the weight loss and spleen index decrease in Cyclophosphamide (Cy) treated mice, improve the expressions of ZO-1, Claudin-1, Nrf2, SOD, and NQO-1 in Cy damaged colon tissue, showing significant protective effects against intestinal barrier damage and oxidative stress in vivo. fCS-Sc intervention also alleviated the gut microbiota disorder though increasing the richness and diversity of intestinal bacteria, regulating the structural composition of gut microbiota. fCS-Sc promoted the relative abundance of beneficial microbiota and inhibited the growth of harmful bacteria. This study provided a theoretical basis for the application of fCS-Sc as a prebiotic in chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanan Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Yanying Sun
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Jiaojiao Mou
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, China.
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, China; Innovative Drug Research and Development Center, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, China.
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14
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Luo Z, Sheng Z, Hu L, Shi L, Tian Y, Zhao X, Yang W, Xiao Z, Shen D, Wu W, Lan T, Zhao B, Wang X, Zhuang N, Zhang JN, Wang Y, Lu Y, Wang L, Zhang C, Wang P, An J, Yang F, Li Q. Targeted macrophage phagocytosis by Irg1/itaconate axis improves the prognosis of intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke and peritonitis. EBioMedicine 2024; 101:104993. [PMID: 38324982 PMCID: PMC10862510 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.104993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophages are innate immune cells whose phagocytosis function is critical to the prognosis of stroke and peritonitis. cis-aconitic decarboxylase immune-responsive gene 1 (Irg1) and its metabolic product itaconate inhibit bacterial infection, intracellular viral replication, and inflammation in macrophages. Here we explore whether itaconate regulates phagocytosis. METHODS Phagocytosis of macrophages was investigated by time-lapse video recording, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence staining in macrophage/microglia cultures isolated from mouse tissue. Unbiased RNA-sequencing and ChIP-sequencing assays were used to explore the underlying mechanisms. The effects of Irg1/itaconate axis on the prognosis of intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke (ICH) and peritonitis was observed in transgenic (Irg1flox/flox; Cx3cr1creERT/+, cKO) mice or control mice in vivo. FINDINGS In a mouse model of ICH, depletion of Irg1 in macrophage/microglia decreased its phagocytosis of erythrocytes, thereby exacerbating outcomes (n = 10 animals/group, p < 0.05). Administration of sodium itaconate/4-octyl itaconate (4-OI) promoted macrophage phagocytosis (n = 7 animals/group, p < 0.05). In addition, in a mouse model of peritonitis, Irg1 deficiency in macrophages also inhibited phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus (n = 5 animals/group, p < 0.05) and aggravated outcomes (n = 9 animals/group, p < 0.05). Mechanistically, 4-OI alkylated cysteine 155 on the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), consequent in nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and transcriptional activation of Cd36 gene. Blocking the function of CD36 completely abolished the phagocytosis-promoting effects of Irg1/itaconate axis in vitro and in vivo. INTERPRETATION Our findings provide a potential therapeutic target for phagocytosis-deficiency disorders, supporting further development towards clinical application for the benefit of stroke and peritonitis patients. FUNDING The National Natural Science Foundation of China (32070735, 82371321 to Q. Li, 82271240 to F. Yang) and the Beijing Natural Science Foundation Program and Scientific Research Key Program of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education (KZ202010025033 to Q. Li).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoli Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ziyang Sheng
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Liye Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yichen Tian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiaochu Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zhongnan Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Danmin Shen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Weihua Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ting Lan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Boqian Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Nan Zhuang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jian-Nan Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yamei Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yabin Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Liyong Wang
- Core Facilities for Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Chenguang Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jing An
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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Hoch CC, Shoykhet M, Weiser T, Griesbaum L, Petry J, Hachani K, Multhoff G, Bashiri Dezfouli A, Wollenberg B. Isothiocyanates in medicine: A comprehensive review on phenylethyl-, allyl-, and benzyl-isothiocyanates. Pharmacol Res 2024; 201:107107. [PMID: 38354869 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, isothiocyanates (ITCs), bioactive compounds primarily derived from Brassicaceae vegetables and herbs, have gained significant attention within the biomedical field due to their versatile biological effects. This comprehensive review provides an in-depth exploration of the therapeutic potential and individual biological mechanisms of the three specific ITCs phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), and benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), as well as their collective impact within the formulation of ANGOCIN® Anti-Infekt N (Angocin). Angocin comprises horseradish root (Armoracia rusticanae radix, 80 mg) and nasturtium (Tropaeoli majoris herba, 200 mg) and is authorized for treating inflammatory diseases affecting the respiratory and urinary tract. The antimicrobial efficacy of this substance has been confirmed both in vitro and in various clinical trials, with its primary effectiveness attributed to ITCs. PEITC, AITC, and BITC exhibit a wide array of health benefits, including potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, along with noteworthy anticancer potentials. Moreover, we highlight their ability to modulate critical biochemical pathways, such as the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathways, shedding light on their involvement in cellular apoptosis and their intricate role to guide immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosima C Hoch
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Shoykhet
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Weiser
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Lena Griesbaum
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Julie Petry
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Khouloud Hachani
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany; Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich (TranslaTUM), Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich (TranslaTUM), Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Ali Bashiri Dezfouli
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany; Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich (TranslaTUM), Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Wollenberg
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany.
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Huang P, Gao J, Du J, Nie Z, Li Q, Sun Y, Xu G, Cao L. Prometryn exposure disrupts the intestinal health of Eriocheir sinensis: Physiological responses and underlying mechanism. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 277:109820. [PMID: 38145793 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Most toxicity studies of prometryn in non-target aquatic animals have focused on hepatotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, embryonic developmental and growth toxicity, while studies on the molecular mechanisms of intestinal toxicity of prometryn are still unknown. In the current study, the intestinal tissues of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) were used to uncover the underlying molecular mechanisms of stress by 96-h acute in vivo exposure to prometryn. The results showed that prometryn activated the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway and up-regulated the expression of downstream antioxidant genes. Prometryn induced the expression of genes associated with non-specific immunity and autophagy, and induced apoptosis through the MAPK pathway. Interestingly, the significant up-or down-regulation of the above genes mainly occurred at 12 h- 24 h after exposure. Intestinal flora sequencing revealed that prometryn disrupted the intestinal normal barrier function mainly by reducing beneficial bacteria abundance, which further weakened the intestinal resistance to exogenous toxicants and caused an inflammatory response. Correlation analyses found that differential flora at the genus level had potential associations with gut stress-related genes. In conclusion, our study contributes to understanding the molecular mechanisms behind the intestinal stress caused by herbicides on aquatic crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Huang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Jiancao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Jinliang Du
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Zhijuan Nie
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Quanjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Gangchun Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Liping Cao
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
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Wang G, Xin Y, Ping K, Xu X, Sun Y, Li X, Guan X, Dong J. Silybin mitigates chronic Avermectin exposure-induced intestinal damage and growth inhibition in carp. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 106:104351. [PMID: 38135203 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Avermectins, as a new type of environmental pollutant, have received significant attention in recent years. Previous research has shown that acute exposure to avermectins can induce oxidative stress and inflammation in non-target fish species, such as carp. Flavonoid lignans, particularly Silybin, have demonstrated promising biological activities, including regulation of non-alcoholic fatty liver and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. This study aims to investigate the impact of dietary supplementation with Silybin on the intestinal damage in carp caused by chronic exposure to avermectins and to improve the health status and production of carp in aquaculture. Silybin was used as a dietary supplement by adding it to the experimental feed, and an animal experimental model was utilized to assess its effects on oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell apoptosis in carp intestine. Additionally, intestinal barrier integrity, digestive capacity, and fish growth were evaluated. The results indicated that dietary supplementation with Silybin effectively alleviated the oxidative stress induced by chronic exposure to avermectins in carp intestine. Furthermore, Silybin improved intestinal barrier integrity and digestive capacity by modulating the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway. This study demonstrates that dietary supplementation with Silybin can effectively mitigate the intestinal damage caused by chronic exposure to avermectins in carp, providing a sustainable solution for the aquaculture industry to enhance the overall health and production of cultured fish. The research expands our understanding of avermectin environmental pollution and offers a potential remediation approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Yue Xin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Kaixin Ping
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Xuhui Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Xing Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Xinying Guan
- Science and Technology Department, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222000, China.
| | - Jingquan Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
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18
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Cheng P, Wang X, Liu Q, Yang T, Dai E, Sha W, Qu H, Zhou H. LuQi formula attenuates Cardiomyocyte ferroptosis via activating Nrf2/GPX4 signaling axis in heart failure. Phytomedicine 2024; 125:155357. [PMID: 38295662 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The terminal stage of all cardiovascular diseases typically culminates in heart failure (HF), with no effective intervention available to halt its progression. LuQi formula (LQF) has been employed in clinical for numerous years to significantly ameliorate cardiac function in HF patients. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism of LQF's efficacy remains inadequately comprehended. Cardiomyocyte ferroptosis has served as a pathogenic mechanism in HF. The goal of the current experiment was to ascertain whether LQF ameliorates HF by preventing cardiomyocyte ferroptosis and to elucidate the intrinsic mechanism involved. PURPOSE This research objective is to investigate the impact and underlying mechanism of LQF attenuating cardiomyocyte ferroptosis in heart failure. METHODS Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) was performed to construct the HF mouse model. Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) were subjected to in vitro experiments. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) identified the bioactive compounds in LQF. Transcriptomic and quantitative proteomic analyses revealed the potential targets of LQF anti-HF. Specifically, histological staining evaluated cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observed mitochondrial morphology. The content of Fe2+, ROS, MDA, GSH, and GSSH was detected using kits. Molecular docking evaluated the binding activities between essential active ingredients of LQF and critical proteins of cardiomyocyte ferroptosis. Mechanistically, the expression levels of Nrf2, Keap1, HO-1, SLC7A11, and GPX4 were evaluated using qPCR, Western blot (WB), or immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS The primary nine active ingredients in LQF were detected. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses demonstrated that LQF may ameliorate HF by preventing cardiomyocyte ferroptosis. Histomorphometric analyses revealed that LQF attenuates myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. TEM revealed that LQF diminished mitochondrial shrinkage and increased membrane density in myocardial tissue. Additionally, LQF diminished reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in cardiomyocytes and suppressed cardiomyocyte ferroptosis. Furthermore, the molecular docking technique revealed that the primary active ingredients of LQF had suitable binding activities with Nrf2, GPX4, and SLC7A11. Western analysis further verified that LQF activated the Nrf2/GPX4 signaling axis. decreased SLC7A11 and HO-1 expression. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that LQF prevents cardiomyocyte ferroptosis via activating Nrf2/GPX4 signaling axis and suppressing SLC7A11 and HO-1 expression. Concurrently, it contributed to elucidating the intrinsic mechanism of LQF and provided a scientific rationale for its development as a novel cardiovascular therapeutic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Cheng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xinting Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tianshu Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Enrui Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wanjing Sha
- Department of Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Huiyan Qu
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Hua Zhou
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Tang H, He K, Zhao K, Zheng C, Wu W, Jin W, Yang L, Xie B. Protective Effects of Hinokitiol on Neuronal Ferroptosis by Activating the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway in Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2024; 41:734-750. [PMID: 37962273 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2023.0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effects of hinokitiol, a small-molecule natural compound, against neuronal ferroptosis after traumatic brain injury (TBI). A controlled cortical impact (CCI) mouse model and excess glutamate-treated HT-22 cells were used to study the effects of hinokitiol on TBI. Hinokitiol mitigated TBI brain tissue lesions and significantly improved neurological function. Neuron loss and iron deposition were ameliorated after hinokitiol administration. Hinokitiol alleviated excessive glutamate-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, and Fe2+ accumulation in HT-22. Mechanistically, hinokitiol upregulated heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression, promoted nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) nuclear translocation, and inhibited the activation of microglia and astrocyte after TBI. These results suggest that hinokitiol has neuroprotective effects on rescuing cells from TBI-induced neuronal ferroptosis. In summary, hinokitiol is a potential therapeutic candidate for TBI by activating the Nrf2/Keap1/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kejun He
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kun Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weichi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weilin Jin
- Institute of Cancer Neuroscience, Medical Frontier Innovation Research Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lixuan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baoshu Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Rodríguez-Viso P, Domene A, Vélez D, Devesa V, Zúñiga M, Monedero V. Protective effects of oral administration of lactic acid bacteria strains against methylmercury-induced intestinal toxicity in a murine model. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 185:114461. [PMID: 38253281 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The utilization of lactic acid bacteria has been proposed to mitigate the burden of heavy metal exposure through processes probably involving chelation and reduced metal bioaccessibility. We evaluated the effects of daily intake of two strains of lactobacilli (Lactobacillus intestinalis LE1 or Lactobacillus johnsonii LE2) on intestinal toxicity during methylmercury (MeHg) exposure through drinking water (5 mg/L) for two months in mice. MeHg exposure resulted in inflammation and oxidative stress at the colon, as well as an increase in intestinal permeability accompanied by decreased fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). The administration of the strains resulted in a differential protective effect that, based on their chelation capacity, supported the existence of additional mechanisms of action besides chelation. Both strains reduced IL-1β levels and oxidative stress, while LE1 lowered TNF-α, diminished MeHg-induced mucus over-secretion triggered by the IL-4/IL-13/STAT6 pathway, reduced intestinal permeability, and ameliorated inflammation and oxidative stress, probably by acting on the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway. Administration of LE1 partially restored SCFA contents, which could be partly responsible for the positive effects of this strain in alleviating MeHg toxicity. These results demonstrate that lactobacilli strains can be useful tools in reducing the intestinal toxicity of MeHg, the main mercurial form conveyed by food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Rodríguez-Viso
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, (Valencia), Spain
| | - Adrián Domene
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, (Valencia), Spain
| | - Dinoraz Vélez
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, (Valencia), Spain
| | - Vicenta Devesa
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, (Valencia), Spain
| | - Manuel Zúñiga
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, (Valencia), Spain
| | - Vicente Monedero
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, (Valencia), Spain.
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Lee HW, Choi JH, Seo D, Gavaachimed L, Choi J, Park S, Min NY, Lee DH, Bang HW, Ham SW, Kim JW, Lee SC, Rhee S, Seo SB, Lee KH. EGCG-induced selective death of cancer cells through autophagy-dependent regulation of the p62-mediated antioxidant survival pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2024; 1871:119659. [PMID: 38216089 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
The effects of EGCG on the selective death of cancer cells by modulating antioxidant pathways through autophagy were explored in various normal and cancer cells. EGCG positively regulated the p62-KEAP1-NRF2-HO-1 pathway in normal cells, while negatively regulating it in cancer cells, leading to selective apoptotic death of cancer cells. In EGCG-treated MRC5 cells (EGCG-MRC5), autophagic flux was blocked, which was accompanied by the formation of p62-positive aggregates. However, EGCG-treated HeLa cells (EGCG-HeLa) showed incomplete autophagic flux and no aggregate formation. The levels of P-ULK1 S556 and S758 increased in EGCG-MRC5 through AMPK-mTOR cooperative interaction. In contrast, EGCG treatment in HeLa cells led to AMPK-induced mTOR inactivation, resulting in abrogation of P-ULK1 S556 and S758 levels. AMPK knockout in EGCG-HeLa restored positive regulation of the p62-mediated pathway, which was accompanied by increased P-mTOR S2448 and P-ULK1 S758 levels. Knockdown of 67LR in EGCG-HeLa abolished AMPK activity but did not restore the p62-mediated pathway. Surprisingly, both AMPK knockout and 67LR knockdown in EGCG-HeLa markedly increased cell viability, despite differential regulation of the antioxidant enzyme HO-1. In conclusion, EGCG induces the selective death of cancer cells through the modulation of at least two autophagy-dependent and independent regulatory pathways: negative regulation involves the mTOR-ULK1 (S556 and S758)-p62-KEAP1-NRF2-HO-1 axis via AMPK activation, whereas positive regulation occurs through the 67LR-AMPK axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Woon Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Hye Choi
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongbeom Seo
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Lkhagvasuren Gavaachimed
- Department of Science of Cultural Properties, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesung Choi
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehwan Park
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Young Min
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ho Lee
- Da Vinci College of General Education, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Weon Bang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Wook Ham
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Woong Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chul Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmyung Rhee
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Beom Seo
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Ho Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Science of Cultural Properties, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Song C, Wang K, Qian B, Lu J, Qiao M, Qiu Y, Wang B, Yu Y. Nrf-2/ROS/NF-κB pathway is modulated by cynarin in human mesenchymal stem cells in vitro from ankylosing spondylitis. Clin Transl Sci 2024; 17:e13748. [PMID: 38450992 PMCID: PMC10918724 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an immune chronic inflammatory disease, resulting in back pain, stiffness, and thoracolumbar kyphotic deformity. Based on the reported anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacities of cynarin (Cyn), this study explored its protective role and molecular mechanisms in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from AS. The target pathways and genes were verified using Western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescent staining, while molecular docking analysis was conducted. In AS-MSCs, we found that the expression levels of p-NF-κB, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α were higher and IκB-α, Nrf-2, and HO-1 were lower compared with healthy control (HC)-MSCs. With molecular docking analysis, the biding affinities between Cyn and Keap1-Nrf-2 and p65-IκB-α were predicted. The mRNA and protein expression of p-NF-κB, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were downregulated following Cyn administration. Meanwhile, the expression level of IκB-α, Nrf-2, and HO-1 were significantly increased after Cyn pretreatment. The results suggested that the protective mechanisms of Cyn in AS-MSCs were based on enhancing the antioxidation and suppression of excessive inflammatory responses via Nrf-2/ROS/NF-κB axis. Our findings demonstrate that Cyn is a potential candidate for alleviating inflammation in AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Song
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Kaiyang Wang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Bangping Qian
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jingshun Lu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Mu Qiao
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yong Qiu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Bin Wang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yang Yu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
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Wang S, Mao X, Zhang R, Gao Y, Liu D. Purification, characterization, and in vitro digestion of novel antioxidant peptides from chicken blood hemoglobin. J Food Sci 2024; 89:1567-1581. [PMID: 38343291 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The study aimed to purify and characterize antioxidant peptides from chicken blood hemoglobin hydrolysate. The fraction M2 (< 3 KDa) with the strongest antioxidant activity was isolated by ultrafiltration, and its DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical) free radical scavenging rate, ABTS [2,2'-Azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate)] free radical scavenging rate, and iron ion chelation activity were 82.91%, 77.49%, and 80.99%, respectively. After in vitro digestion, the antioxidant capacity of chicken blood hydrolysate was significantly higher than that before digestion (p < 0.05). M2 exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity after stomach digestion, with a DPPH radical scavenging rate and iron ion chelating power of 82.91% and 79.61%, respectively. Component A was purified from M2 by Sephadex G-25 gel chromatography. The peptide sequences were identified by LC-MS/MS from fraction A, and four peptides, AEDKKLIQ (944.54 Da), APAPAAK (625.36 Da), LSDLHAHKL (1033.57 Da), and LSNLHAYNL (1044.54 Da) were synthesized using the solid-phase peptide method, among which APAPAAK was a novel antioxidant peptide. Molecular docking was used to simulate the binding of these four peptides to the key active site of Keap1 via hydrogen bonding. This study suggests that chicken blood may provide a new natural source of antioxidant peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suye Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaoyi Mao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yurong Gao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Dunhua Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
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Sun R, Liu M, Xiong F, Xu K, Huang J, Liu J, Wang D, Pu Y. Polystyrene micro- and nanoplastics induce gastric toxicity through ROS mediated oxidative stress and P62/Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:169228. [PMID: 38101634 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) exist widely in the environment and can enter the human body indirectly through the food chain or directly through inhalation or ingestion. The primary organ that MPs contaminated food or water enters the human body through the digestive tract is the stomach. However, at present, the effects of MPs on the stomach and the related mechanism remain unclear. In this study, our results indicated that 50 nm and 250 nm polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs) at environmental related dose significantly decreased stomach organ coefficient, inhibited gastric juice secretion and mucus secretion, disrupted gastric barrier function and suppressed antioxidant ability in mice. In vitro experiments showed that PS-MPs inhibited cell viability, increased ROS generation, and induced apoptosis through mitochondria-dependent pathway. Simultaneously, PS-MPs also decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP level, disrupted mitochondrial kinetic homeostasis, and activated P62 / Nrf2 / Keap1 pathway. Furthermore, blocking ROS (NAC) partially alleviated ROS and apoptosis caused by PS-MPs. Based on above findings, the potential adverse outcome pathway (AOP) of PS-MPs-caused gastric toxicity was proposed which provides a new insight into the risk assessment of MP related gastric damage. Our study unveils the gastric injury induced by PS MPs is dependent on ROS - mediated P62 / Nrf2 / Keap1 signaling pathway, and provides scientific basis for further exploration the mechanism of gastric toxicity of PS MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongli Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Manman Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiawei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Daqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
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Sun B, Zhang L, Wu B, Luo X. A Morpholine Derivative N-(4-Morpholinomethylene)ethanesulfonamide Induces Ferroptosis in Tumor Cells by Targeting NRF2. Biol Pharm Bull 2024; 47:417-426. [PMID: 38296488 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Small molecule drugs containing morpholine-based moieties have become crucial candidates in the tumor targeted therapy strategies, but the specific molecular mechanisms of these drugs causing tumor cell death require further investigation. The morpholine derivative N-(4-morpholinomethylene)ethanesulfonamide (MESA) was used to stimulate prostate and ovarian cancer cells and we focused on the ferroptosis effects, including the target molecule and signal pathways mediated by MESA. The results showed that MESA could induce ferroptosis to cause the proliferation inhibition and apoptosis effects of tumor cells according to the identification of ferroptosis inhibitor fer-1 and other cell death inhibitors. Further MESA could significantly increase the intracellular malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Fe2+ levels in tumor cells and mediate the dynamic changes of ferroptosis-relative molecules GPX4, nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor 2 (NRF2), ACSL4, SLC7A11 and P62-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1)-NRF2-antioxidant response element (ARE) signal pathways. Further, NRF2 overexpression could reduce the tumor cell death and ROS levels exposure to MESA. Most importantly, it was confirmed that MESA could bind to NRF2 protein through molecular docking and thermal stability assays and NRF2 was a target molecule of MESA for inducing ferroptosis effects in tumor cells. Collectively, our findings indicated the ferroptosis effects of the morpholine derivative MESA in prostate and ovarian cancer cells and its function mechanism including targeted molecule and signal pathways, which would be helpful for developing MESA as a prospective small molecule drug for cancer therapy based on cell ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Binhua Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Affiliated Hospital, the Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University
| | - Xiping Luo
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital
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Jiang J, Hou X, Xu K, Ji K, Ji Z, Xi J, Wang X. Bacteria-targeted magnolol-loaded multifunctional nanocomplexes for antibacterial and anti-inflammatory treatment. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:025029. [PMID: 38290149 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad2406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Natural plant-derived small molecules have shown great potential for their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we successfully developed a nanocomplex consisting of magnolol (Mag), a surfactant with an 18 carbon hydrocarbon chain and multi-amine head groups (C18N3), and a peptide (cyclic 9-amino acid peptide (CARG)) with targeting capabilities forStaphylococcus aureus(S. aureus). The obtained Mag/C18N3/CARG nanocomplexes exhibited strong antibacterial activity againstS. aureus. Furthermore, they demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects by reducing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1βfrom macrophage inflammatory cells. This was achieved through downregulating the activation of NF-κB, KEAP1, and NRF2 signaling pathways. In a murine skin infection model, the Mag/C18N3/CARG nanocomplexes effectively suppressed the growth ofS. aureusin the infected area and promoted wound healing. Additionally, in a mouse model of acute kidney injury (AKI), the nanocomplexes significantly reduced the levels of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine, leading to a decrease in mortality rate. These findings demonstrate the potential of combining natural plant-derived small molecules with C18N3/CARG assemblies as a novel approach for the development of effective and safe antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Jiang
- Central Laboratory, Binhai County People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yancheng 224000, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Hou
- Central Laboratory, Binhai County People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yancheng 224000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangjie Xu
- Central Laboratory, Binhai County People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yancheng 224000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangkang Ji
- Central Laboratory, Binhai County People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yancheng 224000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongkai Ji
- Department of Orthopaedics, Binhai County People's Hospital, Yancheng 224000, People's Republic of China
| | - Juqun Xi
- Central Laboratory, Binhai County People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yancheng 224000, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Binhai County People's Hospital, Yancheng 224000, People's Republic of China
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Dan Z, Shi X, Shu C, Zhu R, Wang Y, Zhu H. 4-amino-2-trifluoromethyl-phenyl retinate alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute myocardial injury through activation of the KLF4/p62 axis. Cell Signal 2024; 114:111001. [PMID: 38048858 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.111001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis plays a pivotal role in the pathological process of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC). All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) enhances the host immune response to lipopolysaccharides (LPS). This study investigated the role of 4-amino-2-trifluoromethyl-phenyl retinate (ATPR), a derivative of ATRA, in myocardial injury caused by sepsis. Male C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with LPS to establish a sepsis model. H9c2 cells were stimulated by LPS to establish an injury model. We observed that ATPR improved myocardial injury in mice, which was presented in terms of an increased glutathione (GSH) level and reduced production of malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as an increased number of mitochondrial cristae and maintenance of the mitochondrial membrane integrity. ATPR improved cardiac function in the LPS-injured mice. It inhibited the inflammatory response as evidenced by the decreasing mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-6. The elevated protein expression levels of Nrf2, SLC7A11, GPX4, and FTH1 in mice and H9c2 cells showed that ATPR inhibited ferroptosis. Immunoprecipitation of LPS-stimulated H9c2 cells demonstrated that ATPR increased the interaction between p62 and Keap1. ATPR upregulated the KLF4 and p62 protein expression. However, the inhibition of Nrf2 by ML385 reduced the protective effect of ATPR in LPS-treated H9c2 cells. Furthermore, we used siRNA to knock down KLF4 in H9c2 cells and found that the KLF4 knockdown eliminated the inhibition of ferroptosis by ATPR in H9c2 cells. Therefore, ATPR alleviates LPS-induced myocardial injury by inhibiting ferroptosis via the KLF4/p62 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangyong Dan
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaorui Shi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chuanlin Shu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Rumeng Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department of Biological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Huaqing Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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Li W, Shen Y, Yang C, Ye F, Liang Y, Cheng Z, Ou Y, Chen W, Chen Z, Zou L, Liu Y, Hu Y, Yan X, Jiang H. Identification of a novel ferroptosis-inducing micropeptide in bladder cancer. Cancer Lett 2024; 582:216515. [PMID: 38056687 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is a common malignancy in males, and currently lacks ideal therapeutic approaches. Exploring emerging therapeutic targets from the perspective of endogenous peptides to improve the prognosis of bladder cancer patients holds promise. In this study, we have identified CTSGDP-13, a novel endogenous peptide, which demonstrates potential anti-cancer effects in BC. Our findings reveal that CTSGDP-13 can promote ferroptosis in BC cells, both in vitro and in vivo, leading to the inhibition of BC progression. Furthermore, we have identified TRIM25 as a downstream regulatory target of CTSGDP-13. The expression of TRIM25 is significantly upregulated in BC, and its inhibition of ferroptosis promotes BC progression. Mechanistic studies have shown that CTSGDP-13 promotes the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of TRIM25 by disrupting its interaction with the deubiquitinase USP7. Further investigations indicate that CTSGDP-13 promotes ferroptosis in BC by regulating the USP7/TRIM25/KEAP1 axis. The elucidation of the functional mechanisms of natural CTSGDP-13 and TRIM25 holds promise in providing valuable therapeutic targets for BC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijian Li
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Shen
- Department of Urology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangdie Ye
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingchun Liang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhang Cheng
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxi Ou
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wensun Chen
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziang Chen
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lujia Zou
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufei Liu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Hu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Yan
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urolith Center, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, China.
| | - Haowen Jiang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Urology, Jing'an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Deng X, Lin B, Wang F, Xu P, Wang N. Mangiferin attenuates osteoporosis by inhibiting osteoblastic ferroptosis through Keap1/Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway. Phytomedicine 2024; 124:155282. [PMID: 38176266 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ferroptosis is a crucial contributor to impaired osteoblast function in osteoporosis. Mangiferin, a xanthonoid glucoside isolated from mangoes, exhibits anti-osteoporosis effects. However, its potential mechanism is not fully understood. PURPOSE This study explores the potencies of mangiferin on osteoblastic ferroptosis and deciphers its direct target in the context of solute carrier family 7-member 11 (SLC7A11)/glutathione peroxidases 4 (GPX4) pathway. METHODS In vivo models include bilateral ovariectomy induced osteoporosis mice, iron-dextran induced iron-overloaded mice, and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-knockout mice. Mice are orally administrated mangiferin (10, 50 or 100 mg.kg-1.d-1) for 12 weeks. In vitro osteoblast models include iron-dextran induced iron-overloaded cells, erastin induced ferroptosis cells, and gene knockout cells. RNA sequencing is applied for investigating the underlying mechanisms. The direct target of mangiferin is studied using a cellular thermal shift assay, silico docking, and surface plasmon resonance. RESULTS Mangiferin promotes bone formation and inhibits ferroptosis in vivo models (osteoporosis mice, iron-overloaded mice) and in vitro models (ferroptosis osteoblast, iron-overloaded osteoblasts). Mechanismly, mangiferin directly binds to the kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and activates the downstream Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway in both the in vivo and in vitro models. Mangiferin failed to restore the osteoporosis and ferroptosis in Nrf2-knockout mice. Silencing Nrf2, SLC7A11 or GPX4 abolished the anti-ferroptosis effect of mangiferin in erastin-induced cells. Addition of the ferroptosis agonist RSL-3 also blocked the protective effects of mangiferin on iron-overloaded cells. Furthermore, mangiferin had better effects on osteogenesis than the ferroptosis inhibitor (ferrostatin-1) and the Nrf2 agonists (sulforaphane, dimethyl fumarate, and bardoxolone). CONCLUSIONS We identify for the first time mangiferin as a ferroptosis inhibitor and a direct Keap1 conjugator that promotes bone formation and alleviates osteoporosis. This work also provides a potentially practical pharmacological approach for treating ferroptosis-driven diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehui Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311402, China
| | - Bingfeng Lin
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310007, China
| | - Fang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311402, China
| | - Pingcui Xu
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310007, China
| | - Nani Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311402, China; Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310007, China.
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Chen QA, Lin WH, Zhou XX, Cao Z, Feng XL, Gao YB, He J. Outcomes following KRAS G12C inhibitor treatment in patients with KRAS G12C-mutated solid tumors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pharmacol Res 2024; 200:107060. [PMID: 38185210 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy and safety of FDA-approved KRASG12C inhibitors in patients with KRASG12C-mutated solid tumors. METHODS We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and major international conferences for clinical trials published in English up to March 6, 2023. Clinical trials investigating sotorasib or adagrasib and reporting the clinical outcomes of the objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), or incidence rate of grade ≥ 3 adverse events (AEs) were eligible. The primary endpoint was the ORR. Secondary endpoints included the DCR, incidence rate of grade ≥ 3 AEs, and odds ratio (OR) of the ORR between patients with or without co-mutation. The Random-effects model was applied for the outcomes of interest. RESULTS 18 studies with 1224 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled ORR, DCR, and incidence rate of grade ≥ 3 AEs were 31 % (95 % CI, 25-37 %), 86 % (95 % CI, 82-89 %), and 29 % (95 % CI, 23-36 %), respectively. KRASG12C-mutated NSCLC patients with a co-mutation of KEAP1 exhibited a worse ORR than those with wild-type KEAP1 (OR: 0.35, 95 % CI: 0.16-0.77). CONCLUSIONS This study provided a comprehensive understanding of the efficacy and safety of KRASG12C inhibitors in treating solid tumors and identified KEAP1 mutation as a potential predictive biomarker of inferior response in patients treated with KRASG12C inhibitors. These findings may assist in the design of future clinical trials for identifying populations that may benefit from KRASG12C inhibitor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-An Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Hao Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Xiang Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Cao
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Li Feng
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Bo Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Laboratory of Translational Medicine, National Cancer Center/National, Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Central Laboratory & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Precision Medicine for Cancers, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Du B, Zhang C, Deng G, Zhang S, Wang S, Guan Y, Huang Y. Identification of novel antioxidant collagen peptides for preventing and treating H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells through in vitro and in silico approaches. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:849-859. [PMID: 37690095 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nowadays, the prevalence of oxidative stress-related chronic diseases is increasing. The identification of novel antioxidant collagen peptides to counteract oxidative stress for individuals' health has gained significant attention. RESULTS In this study, collagen peptides with antioxidant activities were separated and identified by ion chromatography, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The identified antioxidant collagen peptides were further screened by molecular docking for Keap1-targeted peptide inhibitors and their theoretical interaction mechanisms were investigated. Four novel antioxidant collagen peptides, GPAGPIGPVG, GPAGPpGPIG, ISGPpGPpGPA and IDGRPGPIGPA, with high binding affinity to Keap1 were selected. Molecular docking results demonstrated that the putative antioxidant mechanism of the four antioxidant collagen peptides contributed to their blockage of Keap1-Nrf2 interactions. The results of antioxidant activity of the four antioxidant collagen peptides proved that IDGRPGPIGPA exerted a high scavenging capacity for DPPH and ABTS free radicals, while GPAGPpGPIG improved the resistance of cells to hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative damage by promoting the activation of intracellular antioxidant enzymes and the production of reduced glutathione in human hepatoma (HepG2) cells. CONCLUSION The antioxidant collagen peptides (GPAGPIGPVG, GPAGPpGPIG, ISGPpGPpGPA and IDGRPGPIGPA) will be developed as novel functional food for human health in the near future. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowei Du
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Guiya Deng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Shiqi Wang
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yuepeng Guan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nano Fiber, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqin Huang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
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Al-Jumaili MMO. Transcription Silencing and CpGs Hypermethylation as Therapeutic Gene Editing in Clinical Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Repression. Korean J Gastroenterol 2024; 83:6-16. [PMID: 38268163 DOI: 10.4166/kjg.2023.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Background/Aims Colorectal cancer is the most common cancer in oncopathology, with an increasing incidence among the elderly during the last decade. Various genetic and environmental factors play important roles in the emergence of colorectal adenocarcinoma. Non-coding RNAs, approximately 20-22 nucleotides, are transcribed irregularly in many cancer cells and play a critical role in many metabolic pathways in clinical cancer cases. DNA methylation is a critical epigenetic alteration that controls gene expression. In the current study, transcriptional silencing and CpG hypermethylation were developed as a therapeutic gene editing strategy for the clinical repression of colorectal adenocarcinoma. Methods A human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (Caco2) and a normal lung fibroblast cell line (Wi38) were utilized as the paradigms in this research to examine the effect of mir155 molecule transfection and CpGs-island (CGI) methylation. Cell counting was achieved using six-well and 24-well plates before transfection using a hemocytometer. The two cell lines were transfected with the mir155 agomir and antagomir molecules. The transfection efficiency, cell viability, cell IC50, and target gene expression were measured, and CGIs-methylation was achieved by bisulfate conversion. Results The outcomes revealed the downregulation of oncogenes (AKT1 and VCAM1 genes as cancer-associated genes) and the upregulation of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs, Tp53 and KEAP1). In addition, CpG-islands methylation showed significant blocking of the oncogene promoter regions, and the switch on of TSG promoter regions was continuous. Conclusions miRNA-CGI-methylation led to the regression of Caco2 cell proliferation, suggesting the potential use of RNA silencing and DNA methylation in targeted gene therapy for colorectal cancer.
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Ijaz M, Nadeem N, Hamza A, Almutairi M, Atique U. Didymin protects against polystyrene nanoplastic-induced hepatic damage in male albino rats by modulation of Nrf-2/Keap-1 pathway. Braz J Med Biol Res 2024; 57:e13173. [PMID: 38265346 PMCID: PMC10802227 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2023e13173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants that can cause oxidative stress in various organs, including the liver. Didymin is a dietary flavanone that displays multiple pharmacological activities. Therefore, the present study evaluated the palliative role of didymin against PS-NPs-induced hepatic damage in rats. Albino rats (n=48) were randomly distributed into 4 groups: control, PS-NPs treated group, PS-NPs + didymin co-administered group, and didymin supplemented group. After 30 days, PS-NPs intoxication lowered the expression of Nrf-2 and anti-oxidant genes [catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GSR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)], whereas the expression of KEAP1 kelch like ECH associated protein 1 (Keap-1) was increased. PS-NPs exposure also reduced the activities of anti-oxidants enzymes (CAT, SOD, GPx, GSR, GST, GSH, and OH-1), while malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were increased. The levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were increased in PS-NPs-exposed rats. Moreover, inflammatory indices [interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)] were increased in PS-NPs-exposed rats. Furthermore, PS-NPs intoxication increased the expressions of apoptotic markers including Bax and Caspase-3, as well as reducing Bcl-2 expression. The histopathological analysis showed significant damage in PS-NPs-treated rats. However, didymin supplementation ameliorated all the PS-NPs-induced damage in the liver of rats. Therefore, it was concluded that didymin can act as a remedy against PS-NPs-induced liver toxicity due to its anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.U. Ijaz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - N. Nadeem
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - A. Hamza
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M.H. Almutairi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - U. Atique
- College of Biological Systems, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
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Guo J, Wang S, Wan X, Liu X, Wang Z, Liang C, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Yan M, Wu P, Fang S, Yu B. Mitochondria-derived methylmalonic acid aggravates ischemia-reperfusion injury by activating reactive oxygen species-dependent ferroptosis. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:53. [PMID: 38238728 PMCID: PMC10797736 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01479-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a regulatory cell death process pivotal in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the precise mechanism underlying myocardial ferroptosis remains less known. In this study, we investigated the pathophysiological mechanisms of methylmalonic acid (MMA) associated with ferroptosis activation in cardiomyocytes after I/R. We found an increase level of MMA in patients with acute myocardial injury after reperfusion and AC16 cells under hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) condition. MMA treatment was found to be associated with excessive oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes, leading to ferroptosis-related myocardial injury. In mice with I/R injury, MMA treatment aggravated myocardial oxidative stress and ferroptosis, which amplified the myocardial infarct size and cardiac dysfunction. Mechanistically, MMA promoted NOX2/4 expression to increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in cardiomyocytes, aggravating myocardial injury. Notably, the increased ROS further activated ferroptosis by inhibiting solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expression. In addition, MMA decreased the ectopic nuclear distribution of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) by increasing the interaction between NRF2 and kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1). This impeded the activation of GPX4/SLC7A11, downstream of NRF2, activating ferroptosis and aggravating myocardial cell injury. Collectively, our study indicates that MMA activates oxidative stress and ROS generation, which induces ferroptosis to exacerbate cardiomyocyte injury in an I/R model. These findings may provide a new perspective for the clinical treatment of I/R injury and warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchen Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Shanjie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Xin Wan
- Department of Cardiology and Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Zeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Chenchen Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Zhenming Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Miao Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Pengyan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Shaohong Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, China.
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, China.
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Rezzani R, Gianò M, Pinto D, Rinaldi F, van Noorden CJF, Favero G. Hepatic Alterations in a BTBR T + Itpr3tf/J Mouse Model of Autism and Improvement Using Melatonin via Mitigation Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Ferroptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1086. [PMID: 38256159 PMCID: PMC10816818 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complicated neurodevelopmental disorder, and its etiology is not well understood. It is known that genetic and nongenetic factors determine alterations in several organs, such as the liver, in individuals with this disorder. The aims of the present study were to analyze morphological and biological alterations in the liver of an autistic mouse model, BTBR T + Itpr3tf/J (BTBR) mice, and to identify therapeutic strategies for alleviating hepatic impairments using melatonin administration. We studied hepatic cytoarchitecture, oxidative stress, inflammation and ferroptosis in BTBR mice and used C57BL6/J mice as healthy control subjects. The mice were divided into four groups and then treated and not treated with melatonin, respectively. BTBR mice showed (a) a retarded development of livers and (b) iron accumulation and elevated oxidative stress and inflammation. We demonstrated that the expression of ferroptosis markers, the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 (NFR2), was upregulated, and the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) was downregulated in BTBR mice. Then, we evaluated the effects of melatonin on the hepatic alterations of BTBR mice; melatonin has a positive effect on liver cytoarchitecture and metabolic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Rezzani
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.G.); (G.F.)
- Interdipartimental University Center of Research “Adaption and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs (ARTO)”, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- Italian Society for the Study of Orofacial Pain (Società Italiana Studio Dolore Orofacciale-SISDO), 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Marzia Gianò
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.G.); (G.F.)
| | - Daniela Pinto
- Human Microbiome Advanced Project Institute, 20129 Milan, Italy; (D.P.); (F.R.)
| | - Fabio Rinaldi
- Human Microbiome Advanced Project Institute, 20129 Milan, Italy; (D.P.); (F.R.)
| | - Cornelis J. F. van Noorden
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Gaia Favero
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.G.); (G.F.)
- Interdipartimental University Center of Research “Adaption and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs (ARTO)”, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
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Lan Y, Hu L, Feng X, Wang M, Yuan H, Xu H. Synergistic effect of PS-MPs and Cd on male reproductive toxicity: Ferroptosis via Keap1-Nrf2 pathway. J Hazard Mater 2024; 461:132584. [PMID: 37748303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
It has been wildly reported that microplastics (MPs) can adsorb heavy metals and act as carriers for their transport into organisms. However, the combined toxicity of MPs and heavy metals remains poorly studied. In this study, we established single or co-exposure (i.e. complex/combined exposure) mice models to investigate the combined toxicity of MPs and cadmium (Cd) on male reproduction. The complexation of MPs and Cd enhanced the bioavailability of Cd, while the combination of MPs and Cd exerted synergistic effect. Ultimately, the co-exposure was reported to enhance the reproduction toxicity by single exposure, which reflected in testicular structure, spermatogenesis and sex hormone synthesis. More in-depth mechanistic investigation suggested that MPs and Cd synergistically inhibited the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway and its downstream genes, induced lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis, ultimately caused damage to reproductive structures and functions. Our results highlighted the synergistic effect of MPs and Cd on the reproductive toxicity in male mammals for the first time, which also provided valuable insights into the combined toxicity mechanisms of MPs and other pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhi Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China
| | - Liehai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China
| | - Mengqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China
| | - Hongbin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China
| | - Hengyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China.
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Ding S, Jiang J, Li Y. Quercetin alleviates PM 2.5-induced chronic lung injury in mice by targeting ferroptosis. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16703. [PMID: 38188138 PMCID: PMC10768656 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background PM2.5 is a well-known harmful air pollutant that can lead to acute exacerbation and aggravation of respiratory diseases. Although ferroptosis is involves in the pathological process of pulmonary disease, the potential mechanism of ferroptosis in PM2.5-caused lung inflammation and fibrosis need to be further clarified. Quercetin is a phenolic compound that can inhibit ferroptosis in various diseases. Hence, this study explores the role of ferroptosis in lung injury induced by PM2.5 in order to further elucidate the beneficial effect of quercetin and its underlying mechanism. Methods C57BL/6J mice were treated with either saline or PM2.5 by intratracheal instillation 20 times (once every two days). Additionally, PM2.5-treated mice were supplemented with two doses of quercetin. Lung injury, lipid peroxidation, iron content and ferroptosis marker protein expression and the Nrf2 signaling pathway were evaluated. In vitro, cell experiments were applied to verify the mechanisms underlying the links between Nrf2 signaling pathway activation and ferroptosis as well as between ferroptosis and inflammation. Results In vivo, PM2.5 increased lung inflammation and caused lung fibrosis and increased lipid peroxidation contents, iron contents and ferroptosis markers in lung tissues; these effects were significantly reversed by quercetin. Additionally, quercetin upregulated the nuclear Nrf2 expression and downregulated Keap1 expression in lung tissues of PM2.5-exposed mice. Quercetin decreased lipid peroxidation products, iron contents and ferroptosis levels and increased the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and the degradation of Keap1 in PM2.5-exposed BEAS-2B cells. Moreover, we found that quercetin and dimethyl fumarate markedly decreased lipid peroxidation production and ferroptosis by activating the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway in PM2.5-exposed cells. Furthermore, quercetin reduced inflammatory cytokines and TGF-β1 in PM2.5-exposed cells. Conclusion Our data suggested that Nrf2 is involved in ferroptosis in PM2.5-induced lung injury, and quercetin can alleviate these adverse effects via activating Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibin Ding
- Public Health and Management, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinjin Jiang
- Public Health and Management, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Li
- Public Health and Management, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
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Dhapola R, Beura SK, Sharma P, Singh SK, HariKrishnaReddy D. Oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease: current knowledge of signaling pathways and therapeutics. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:48. [PMID: 38165499 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09021-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease's pathophysiology is still a conundrum. Growing number of evidences have elucidated the involvement of oxidative stress in the pathology of AD rendering it a major target for therapeutic development. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by altered mitochondrial function, dysregulated electron transport chain and other sources elevate aggregated Aβ and neurofibrillary tangles which further stimulating the production of ROS. Oxidative stress induced damage to lipids, proteins and DNA result in neuronal death which leads to AD. In addition, oxidative stress induces apoptosis that is triggered by the modulation of ERK1/2 and Nrf2 pathway followed by increased GSK-3β expression and decreased PP2A activity. Oxidative stress exaggerates disease condition by interfering with various signaling pathways like RCAN1, CREB/ERK, Nrf2, PP2A, NFκB and PI3K/Akt. Studies have reported the role of TNF-α in oxidative stress stimulation that has been regulated by drugs like etanercept increasing the level of anti-oxidants. Other drugs like pramipexole, memantine, carvedilol, and melatonin have been reported to activate CREB/RCAN1 and Nrf2 pathways. In line with this, epigallocatechin gallate and genistein also target Nrf2 and CREB pathway leading to activation of downstream pathways like ARE and Keap1 which ameliorate oxidative stress condition. Donepezil and resveratrol reduce oxidative stress and activate AMPK pathway along with PP2A activation thus promoting tau dephosphorylation and neuronal survival. This study describes in detail the role of oxidative stress in AD, major signaling pathways involving oxidative stress induced AD and drugs under development targeting these pathways which may aid in therapeutic advances for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishika Dhapola
- Advanced Pharmacology and Neuroscience Laboratoty, Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Samir K Beura
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic and Applied Science, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Prajjwal Sharma
- Advanced Pharmacology and Neuroscience Laboratoty, Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Sunil K Singh
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic and Applied Science, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India.
| | - Dibbanti HariKrishnaReddy
- Advanced Pharmacology and Neuroscience Laboratoty, Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India.
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Deepika N, Rajendra Prasad N, Radhiga T. Auranofin sensitizes breast cancer cells to paclitaxel mediated cell death via regulating FOXO3/Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3903. [PMID: 38269508 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcriptional factor which acts as a regulator for cellular oxidative stress, and tightly regulated by Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1). In this study, we found that auranofin and paclitaxel combination treatment increased TUNEL positive apoptotic cells and enhanced the DNA damage marker γ-H2AX in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. The immunoblotting analysis revealed the combination of auranofin and paclitaxel significantly increased the FOXO3 expression in a concentration dependent manner. Further we observed that auranofin and paclitaxel treatment prevents the translocation of Nrf2 in a concentration dependent manner. The increased FOXO3 expression might be involved in the cytoplasmic degradation of Nrf1-Keap1 complex. Further, the molecular docking results confirm auranofin act as the agonist for Foxo3. Therefore, the present results suggest that auranofin sensitize the breast cancer cells to paclitaxel via regulating FOXO3/Nrf2/Keap1signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Deepika
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamilnadu, India
| | - N Rajendra Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamilnadu, India
| | - T Radhiga
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamilnadu, India
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Kövesi B, Kulcsár S, Ancsin Z, Erdélyi M, Zándoki E, Gömbös P, Balogh K, Mézes M. Multi-Fusarium mycotoxin exposure activates Nrf2 and Ahr pathway in the liver of laying hens. Toxicol Lett 2024; 391:55-61. [PMID: 38092155 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates gene expression changes in laying hens exposed to trichothecene mycotoxins, known to induce oxidative stress and affect xenobiotic transformation and antioxidants. A 3-day feeding trial tested low and high doses of T-2/HT-2 toxin, DON/3-AcDON/15-AcDON, and FB1 in hen feed. Results showed increased expression of AHR, AHRR, HSP90, and CYP1A2 genes on days 2 and 3, suggesting a response to mycotoxin exposure. High doses down-regulated CYP1A2, AHR, and AHRR on day 1. KEAP1 expression decreased on day 1 but increased dose-dependently on days 2 and 3. NRF2 was up-regulated by low and down-regulated by high doses on day 1, then increased on days 2 and 3. Antioxidant-related genes (GPX3, GPX4, GSS, GSR) showed dose-dependent responses. Low doses up-regulated GPX3 and GPX4 throughout, while high doses up-regulated GPX3 on days 2 and 3 and GPX4 on day 3. GSS was up-regulated on day 3. Results indicate that toxic metabolites formed by phase I biotransformation rapidly induce ROS formation at low doses through the AHR/Hsp90/CYP1A2 pathway at the gene expression level, but at high levels, ROS-induced oxidative stress manifests later. Study showed simultaneous activation of redox-sensitive pathways: aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr) and nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) by multi-mycotoxin exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Kövesi
- Department of Feed Safety, Institute of Physiology and Nutrition, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Szent István Campus, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary.
| | - Szabina Kulcsár
- HUN-REN-MATE Mycotoxins in the Food Chain Research Group, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary.
| | - Zsolt Ancsin
- Department of Feed Safety, Institute of Physiology and Nutrition, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Szent István Campus, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary.
| | - Márta Erdélyi
- Department of Feed Safety, Institute of Physiology and Nutrition, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Szent István Campus, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary.
| | - Erika Zándoki
- HUN-REN-MATE Mycotoxins in the Food Chain Research Group, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary.
| | - Patrik Gömbös
- Agrobiotechnology and Precision Breeding for Food Security National Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Animal Health, Institute of Physiology and Nutrition, Hungarian University of Agri-culture and Life Sciences, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary.
| | - Krisztián Balogh
- Department of Feed Safety, Institute of Physiology and Nutrition, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Szent István Campus, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary; HUN-REN-MATE Mycotoxins in the Food Chain Research Group, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary.
| | - Miklós Mézes
- Department of Feed Safety, Institute of Physiology and Nutrition, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Szent István Campus, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary; HUN-REN-MATE Mycotoxins in the Food Chain Research Group, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary.
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Ma YB, Zhou XQ, Jiang WD, Wu P, Liu Y, Li SW, Tang L, Zhang L, Mi HF, Feng L. Tea polyphenols protect against Flavobacterium columnare-induced gill injury via suppression of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in grass carp. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127050. [PMID: 37742887 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Flavobacterium columnare (F. columnare) is one of the deadliest fish pathogens causing bacterial gill rot disease in various freshwater fish species globally. Tea polyphenols (TPs) are an inexpensive product extracted from tea that have received much attention as a feed additive in aquaculture. The current study was designed to investigate the underlying mechanisms and protective effects of dietary TPs against F. columnare-induced gill injury via suppression of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation in grass carp. TPs were not supplemented to the diet (control) and were supplemented at 40, 80, 120, 160 or 200 mg/kg diet. The feeding experiment was carried out for 60 days, followed by a 3-Day F. columnare challenge test. The results showed that 120 mg/kg TPs in the diet exerted the following five protective effects in fish gill: (1) control gill-rot disease and improved histopathology, (2) inhibit excessive apoptosis, (3) enhance the activity of antioxidant enzymes and upregulate related gene expression via the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway, (4) increase the activity of immune enzymes, And (5) mediate inflammatory cytokine gene expression via the JAK/STAT3 pathway. Taken together, dietary supplementation with TPs is a compelling approach to protect the gill function of fish against F. columnare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Bin Ma
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Wei-Dan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Shu-Wei Li
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co. Ltd, Chengdu 610066, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co. Ltd, Chengdu 610066, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Tongwei Co., Ltd., Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Hai-Feng Mi
- Tongwei Co., Ltd., Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
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Galvan-Alvarez V, Gallego-Selles A, Martinez-Canton M, Perez-Suarez I, Garcia-Gonzalez E, Martin-Rincon M, Calbet JAL. Physiological and molecular predictors of cycling sprint performance. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2024; 34:e14545. [PMID: 38268080 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The study aimed to identify novel muscle phenotypic factors that could determine sprint performance using linear regression models including the lean mass of the lower extremities (LLM), myosin heavy chain composition (MHC), and proteins and enzymes implicated in glycolytic and aerobic energy generation (citrate synthase, OXPHOS proteins), oxygen transport and diffusion (myoglobin), ROS sensing (Nrf2/Keap1), antioxidant enzymes, and proteins implicated in calcium handling. For this purpose, body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) and sprint performance (isokinetic 30-s Wingate test: peak and mean power output, Wpeak and Wmean ) were measured in young physically active adults (51 males and 10 females), from which a resting muscle biopsy was obtained from the musculus vastus lateralis. Although females had a higher percentage of MHC I, SERCA2, pSer16 /Thr17 -phospholamban, and Calsequestrin 2 protein expressions (all p < 0.05), and 18.4% lower phosphofructokinase 1 protein expression than males (p < 0.05), both sexes had similar sprint performance when it was normalized to body weight or LLM. Multiple regression analysis showed that Wpeak could be predicted from LLM, SDHB, Keap1, and MHC II % (R 2 = 0.62, p < 0.001), each variable contributing to explain 46.4%, 6.3%, 4.4%, and 4.3% of the variance in Wpeak , respectively. LLM and MHC II % explained 67.5% and 2.1% of the variance in Wmean , respectively (R 2 = 0.70, p < 0.001). The present investigation shows that SDHB and Keap1, in addition to MHC II %, are relevant determinants of peak power output during sprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Galvan-Alvarez
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera Felipe "Físico" s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Angel Gallego-Selles
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera Felipe "Físico" s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Miriam Martinez-Canton
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera Felipe "Físico" s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Ismael Perez-Suarez
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera Felipe "Físico" s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Eduardo Garcia-Gonzalez
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera Felipe "Físico" s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Marcos Martin-Rincon
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera Felipe "Físico" s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Jose A L Calbet
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera Felipe "Físico" s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Department of Physical Performance, The Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Postboks, Oslo, Norway
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He Y, Yu J, Song Z, Tang Z, Duan JA, Zhu H, Liu H, Zhou J, Cao Z. Anti-oxidant effects of herbal residue from Shengxuebao mixture on heat-stressed New Zealand rabbits. J Therm Biol 2024; 119:103752. [PMID: 38194751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Heat stress can lead to hormonal imbalances, weakened immune system, increased metabolic pressure on the liver, and ultimately higher animal mortality rates. This not only seriously impairs the welfare status of animals, but also causes significant economic losses to the livestock industry. Due to its rich residual bioactive components and good safety characteristics, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) residue is expected to become a high-quality feed additive with anti-oxidative stress alleviating function. This study focuses on the potential of Shengxuebao mixture herbal residue (SXBR) as an anti-heat stress feed additive. Through the UPLC (ultra performance liquid chromatography) technology, the average residue rate of main active ingredients from SXBR were found to be 25.39%. SXBR were then added into the basal diet of heat stressed New Zealand rabbits at the rates of 5% (SXBRl), 10% (SXBRm) and 20% (SXBRh). Heat stress significantly decreased the weight gain, as well as increased neck and ear temperature, drip loss in meat, inflammation and oxidative stress. Also, the hormone levels were disrupted, with a significant increase in serum levels of CA, COR and INS. After the consumption of SXBR in the basal diet for 3 weeks, the weight of New Zealand rabbits increased significantly, and the SXBRh group restored the redness value of the meat to a similar level as the control group. Furthermore, the serum levels T3 thyroid hormone in the SXBRh group and T4 thyroid hormone in the SXBRm group increased significantly, the SXBRh group showed a significant restoration in inflammation markers (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and oxidative stress markers (total antioxidant capacity, HSP-70, MDA, and ROS) levels. Moreover, the real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR analysis found that, the expression levels of antioxidant genes such as Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1, and GPX1 were significantly upregulated in the SXBRh group, and the expression level of the Keap1 gene was significantly downregulated. Additionally, the SXBRm group showed significant upregulation in the expression levels of HO-1 and NQO1 genes. Western blot experiments further confirmed the up-regulation of Nrf2, Ho-1 and NQO1 proteins. This study provides a strategy for the utilization of SXBR and is of great significance for the green recycling of the TCM residues, improving the development of animal husbandry and animal welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu He
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry/State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation)/Shaanxi Innovative Drug Research Center, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Jingao Yu
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry/State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation)/Shaanxi Innovative Drug Research Center, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China.
| | - Zhongxing Song
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry/State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation)/Shaanxi Innovative Drug Research Center, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Zhishu Tang
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry/State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation)/Shaanxi Innovative Drug Research Center, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 10070, China.
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Deep Processing of Plant Medicines, Jiangsu Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Industrialization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Huaxu Zhu
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Deep Processing of Plant Medicines, Jiangsu Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Industrialization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hongna Liu
- Tsing Hua De Ren Xi'an Happiness Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710043, China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- Tsing Hua De Ren Xi'an Happiness Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710043, China
| | - Zhaojun Cao
- Tsing Hua De Ren Xi'an Happiness Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710043, China
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Li L, Wei XF, Yang ZY, Zhu R, Li DL, Shang GJ, Wang HT, Meng ST, Wang YT, Liu SY, Wu LF. Alleviative effect of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate on lipopolysaccharide-induced oxidative stress, inflammation and cell apoptosis in Cyprinus carpio. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126784. [PMID: 37690640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the alleviative effects of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) in bioflocs on oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were evaluated. Common carp were irregularity divided into 5 groups and fed five diets with 0 % (CK), 2 %, 4 %, 6 % and 8 % PHB. After 8-week feeding trial, LPS challenge was executed. Results showed that appropriate level of PHB enhanced serum immune function by reversing LPS-induced the decrease of C3, C4, IgM, AKP, ACP and LZM in serum, alleviated LPS-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction by decreasing the levels of 5-HT, D-LA, ET-1 and DAO in serum, increasing ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin-3 and Claudin-7 mRNA, improving intestinal morphology. Moreover, dietary PHB reversed LPS-induced the decrease of AST and ALT in hepatopancreas, while in serum exhibited the opposite trend. Suitable level of PHB reversed LPS-induced the reduction of GSH-PX, CAT, T-SOD and T-AOC in intestines and hepatopancreas, whereas MDA showed the opposite result. PHB alleviated LPS-induced the decrease of Nrf2, HO-1, CAT, SOD and GSH-PX mRNA, the increase of Keap1 mRNA. Appropriate level of PHB alleviated LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis by up-regulating TGF-β, IL-10 and Bcl-2 mRNA, down-regulating NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-6, Bax, Caspase-3, Caspase-8 and Caspase-9 mRNA. Furthermore, PHB inhibited activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes by reducing the levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1, ASC, IL-1β and IL-18 mRNA and protein. In addition, the increases of dietary PHB linearly and quadratically affected LPS-induced adverse effects on common carp. Summary, this study suggested that appropriate level of dietary PHB alleviated LPS-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in common carp. And the appropriate level of PHB in common carp diets was 4 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology/College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology/College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology/College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology/College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Deng-Lai Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology/College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Guo-Jun Shang
- College of Animal Science and Technology/College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Hao-Tong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology/College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Si-Tong Meng
- College of Animal Science and Technology/College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yin-Tao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology/College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Si-Ying Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology/College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Li-Fang Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology/College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
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Shi M, Pei H, Sun L, Chen W, Zong Y, Zhao Y, Du R, He Z. Optimization of the Flavonoid Extraction Process from the Stem and Leaves of Epimedium Brevicornum and Its Effects on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Renal Injury. Molecules 2023; 29:207. [PMID: 38202790 PMCID: PMC10780727 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CTX) is a broad-spectrum alkylated antitumor drug. It is clinically used in the treatment of a variety of cancers, and renal toxicity is one of the adverse reactions after long-term or repeated use, which not only limits the therapeutic effect of CTX, but also increases the probability of kidney lesions. The total flavonoids of Epimedium stem and leaf (EBF) and Icariin (ICA) are the main medicinal components of Epimedium, and ICA is one of the main active substances in EBF. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that EBF has a variety of biological activities such as improving osteoporosis, promoting cell proliferation, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, etc. However, few studies have been conducted on the nephrotoxicity caused by optimized CTX extraction, and protein-ligand binding has not been involved. This research, through the response surface optimization extraction of EBF, obtained the best extraction conditions: ethanol concentration was 60%, solid-liquid ratio of 25:1, ultrasonic time was about 25 min. Combined with mass spectrometry (MS) analysis, EBF contained ICA, ichopidin A, ichopidin B, ichopidin C, and other components. In this study, we adopted a computational chemistry method called molecular docking, and the results show that Icariin was well bound to the antioxidant target proteins KEAP1 and NRF2, and the anti-inflammatory target proteins COX-2 and NF-κB, with free binding energies of -9.8 kcal/mol, -11.0 kcal/mol, -10.0 kcal/mol, and -8.1 kcal/mol, respectively. To study the protective effect of EBF on the nephrotoxicity of CTX, 40 male Kunming mice (weight 18 ± 22) were injected with CTX (80 mg/kg) for 7 days to establish the nephrotoxicity model and were treated with EBF (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg) for 8 days by gavage. After CTX administration, MDA, BUN, Cre, and IL-6 levels in serum increased, MDA increased in kidney, GPT/ALT and IL-6 increased in liver, and IL-6 increased in spleen and was significant ((p < 0.05 or (p < 0.01)). Histopathological observation showed that renal cortex glomerular atrophy necrosis, medullary inflammatory cell infiltration, and other lesions. After administration of EBF, CTX-induced increase in serum level of related indexes was reduced, and MDA in kidney, GPT/ALT and IL-6 in liver, and IL-6 in spleen were increased. At the same time, histopathological findings showed that the necrosis of medullary and corticorenal tubular epithelium was relieved at EBF (50 mg/kg) dose compared with the CTX group, and the glomerular tubular necrosis gradually became normal at EBF (100 mg/kg) dose. Western blot analysis of Keap1 and Nrf2 protein expression in kidney tissue showed that compared with model CTX group, the drug administration group could alleviate the high expression of Keap1 protein and low expression of Nrf2 protein in kidney tissue. Conclusion: After the optimal extraction of total flavonoids from the stems and leaves of Epimedium, the molecular docking technique combined with animal experiments suggested that the effective component of the total flavonoids of Epimedium might activate the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway after treatment to reduce the inflammation and oxidative stress of kidney tissue, so as to reduce kidney damage and improve kidney function. Therefore, EBF may become a new natural protective agent for CTX chemotherapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Shi
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
| | - Hongyan Pei
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
| | - Li Sun
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
| | - Weijia Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
| | - Ying Zong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
- Engineering Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Product Development of Sika Deer, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Rui Du
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
- Engineering Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Product Development of Sika Deer, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Zhongmei He
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
- Engineering Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Product Development of Sika Deer, Changchun 130118, China
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Rafique H, Hu X, Ren T, Dong R, Aadil RM, Zou L, Sharif MK, Li L. Characterization and Exploration of the Neuroprotective Potential of Oat-Protein-Derived Peptides in PC12 Cells and Scopolamine-Treated Zebrafish. Nutrients 2023; 16:117. [PMID: 38201947 PMCID: PMC10780882 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders pose a substantial risk to human health, and oxidative stress, cholinergic dysfunction, and inflammation are the major contributors. The purpose of this study was to explore the neuroprotective effects of oat protein hydrolysate (OPH) and identify peptides with neuroprotective potential. This study is the first to isolate and identify OPH peptides with neuroprotective potential, including DFVADHPFLF (DF-10), HGQNFPIL (HL-8), and RDFPITWPW (RW-9), by screening via peptidomes and molecular-docking simulations. These peptides showed positive effects on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and thus reduced oxidative stress through regulation of Nrf2-keap1/HO-1 gene expression in vitro and in vivo. The peptides also significantly ameliorated scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in the zebrafish model. This improvement was correlated with mitigation of MDA levels, AChE activity, and levels of inflammatory cytokines in the brains of zebrafish. Furthermore, these peptides significantly upregulated the mRNA expression of Bdnf, Nrf2, and Erg1 in the brains of zebrafish with neurodegenerative disorders. Collectively, oat peptides have potential for use as active components in nutraceutical applications for the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamad Rafique
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (H.R.)
| | - Xinzhong Hu
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (H.R.)
| | - Tian Ren
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (H.R.)
| | - Rui Dong
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (H.R.)
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Liang Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Mian Kamran Sharif
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Lu Li
- Guilin Seamild Food Co., Ltd., Guilin 541000, China
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Aldaba-Muruato LR, Sánchez-Barbosa S, Rodríguez-Purata VH, Cabrera-Cruz G, Rosales-Domínguez E, Martínez-Valentín D, Alarcón-López YA, Aguirre-Vidal P, Hernández-Serda MA, Cárdenas-Granados LA, Vázquez-Valadez VH, Angeles E, Macías-Pérez JR. In Vivo and In Silico Studies of the Hepatoprotective Activity of Tert-Butylhydroquinone. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:475. [PMID: 38203648 PMCID: PMC10779046 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) is a synthetic food antioxidant with biological activities, but little is known about its pharmacological benefits in liver disease. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate TBHQ during acute liver damage induced by CCl4 (24 h) or BDL (48 h) in Wistar rats. It was found that pretreatment with TBHQ prevents 50% of mortality induced by a lethal dose of CCl4 (4 g/kg, i.p.), and 80% of BDL+TBHQ rats survived, while only 50% of the BDL group survived. Serum markers of liver damage and macroscopic and microscopic (H&E staining) observations suggest that TBHQ protects from both hepatocellular necrosis caused by the sublethal dose of CCl4 (1.6 g/kg, i.p.), as well as necrosis/ductal proliferation caused by BDL. Additionally, online databases identified 49 potential protein targets for TBHQ. Finally, a biological target candidate (Keap1) was evaluated in a proof-of-concept in silico molecular docking assay, resulting in an interaction energy of -5.5491 kcal/mol, which was higher than RA839 and lower than monoethyl fumarate (compounds known to bind to Keap1). These findings suggest that TBHQ increases the survival of animals subjected to CCl4 intoxication or BDL, presumably by reducing hepatocellular damage, probably due to the interaction of TBHQ with Keap1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liseth Rubi Aldaba-Muruato
- Biomedical Science Laboratory, Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Professional Studies Huasteca Zone, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, Ciudad Valles 79060, San Luis Potosi, Mexico; (L.R.A.-M.); (S.S.-B.); (G.C.-C.); (E.R.-D.); (D.M.-V.)
| | - Sandra Sánchez-Barbosa
- Biomedical Science Laboratory, Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Professional Studies Huasteca Zone, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, Ciudad Valles 79060, San Luis Potosi, Mexico; (L.R.A.-M.); (S.S.-B.); (G.C.-C.); (E.R.-D.); (D.M.-V.)
| | - Víctor Hugo Rodríguez-Purata
- Pharmacobiological Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi 78210, Mexico;
| | - Georgina Cabrera-Cruz
- Biomedical Science Laboratory, Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Professional Studies Huasteca Zone, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, Ciudad Valles 79060, San Luis Potosi, Mexico; (L.R.A.-M.); (S.S.-B.); (G.C.-C.); (E.R.-D.); (D.M.-V.)
| | - Estefany Rosales-Domínguez
- Biomedical Science Laboratory, Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Professional Studies Huasteca Zone, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, Ciudad Valles 79060, San Luis Potosi, Mexico; (L.R.A.-M.); (S.S.-B.); (G.C.-C.); (E.R.-D.); (D.M.-V.)
| | - Daniela Martínez-Valentín
- Biomedical Science Laboratory, Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Professional Studies Huasteca Zone, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, Ciudad Valles 79060, San Luis Potosi, Mexico; (L.R.A.-M.); (S.S.-B.); (G.C.-C.); (E.R.-D.); (D.M.-V.)
| | - Yoshio Aldo Alarcón-López
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica y Medicinal, FESC, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida 1 de Mayo S/N, Santa María las Torre, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54750, Estado de México, Mexico; (Y.A.A.-L.); (P.A.-V.); (M.A.H.-S.); (L.A.C.-G.); (V.H.V.-V.); (E.A.)
| | - Pablo Aguirre-Vidal
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica y Medicinal, FESC, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida 1 de Mayo S/N, Santa María las Torre, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54750, Estado de México, Mexico; (Y.A.A.-L.); (P.A.-V.); (M.A.H.-S.); (L.A.C.-G.); (V.H.V.-V.); (E.A.)
| | - Manuel Alejandro Hernández-Serda
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica y Medicinal, FESC, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida 1 de Mayo S/N, Santa María las Torre, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54750, Estado de México, Mexico; (Y.A.A.-L.); (P.A.-V.); (M.A.H.-S.); (L.A.C.-G.); (V.H.V.-V.); (E.A.)
| | - Luis Alfonso Cárdenas-Granados
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica y Medicinal, FESC, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida 1 de Mayo S/N, Santa María las Torre, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54750, Estado de México, Mexico; (Y.A.A.-L.); (P.A.-V.); (M.A.H.-S.); (L.A.C.-G.); (V.H.V.-V.); (E.A.)
| | - Víctor Hugo Vázquez-Valadez
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica y Medicinal, FESC, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida 1 de Mayo S/N, Santa María las Torre, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54750, Estado de México, Mexico; (Y.A.A.-L.); (P.A.-V.); (M.A.H.-S.); (L.A.C.-G.); (V.H.V.-V.); (E.A.)
| | - Enrique Angeles
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica y Medicinal, FESC, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida 1 de Mayo S/N, Santa María las Torre, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54750, Estado de México, Mexico; (Y.A.A.-L.); (P.A.-V.); (M.A.H.-S.); (L.A.C.-G.); (V.H.V.-V.); (E.A.)
| | - José Roberto Macías-Pérez
- Biomedical Science Laboratory, Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Professional Studies Huasteca Zone, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, Ciudad Valles 79060, San Luis Potosi, Mexico; (L.R.A.-M.); (S.S.-B.); (G.C.-C.); (E.R.-D.); (D.M.-V.)
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刘 敏, 金 华, 呼 琴, 陈 诺, 张 叶, 王 亿. [ Qingshen Granules-medicated serum reduces transdifferentiation of NRK-52E cells by miR-23b-5p-mediated activation of the Nrf2 pathway]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2023; 43:2078-2085. [PMID: 38189394 PMCID: PMC10774116 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.12.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE TTo investigate the targeted regulation of the Nrf2 pathway by miR-23b-5p in transdifferentiation of rat renal tubular epithelial NRK-52E cells induced by transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1)and the effect of Qingshen Granulesmedicated serum for alleviating transdifferentiation of NRK-52E cells. METHODS NRK-52E cells with TGF-β1-induced transdifferentiation were transfected with miR-23b-5p mimic, miR-23b-5p inhibitor or the negative control(NC)siRNA and then treated with of Qingshen Granules-medicated serum.CCK8 assay was used to detectthe changes in viability of NRK-52E cells.The targeting relationship between miR-23b-5p and Nrf2 was verified using a dual luciferase reporter gene assay.The expressions of Nrf2, Keap1 and α-SMA mRNAs and proteins in the treated cells were detected with RT-qPCR and Western blotting, and ROS production in the cells was detected with flow cytometry. RESULTS Transfection of NRK-52E cells with miR-23b-5p mimic significantly increased the expression of Nrf2 mRNA, while inhibition of miR-23b-5p obviously lowered Nrf2 mRNA in the cells.Rno-miR-23b-5p significantly down-regulated the luciferase activity of Rno-Nrf2-wt but not that of Rno-Nrf2-mu(P<0.05).Treatment with TGF-β1 significantly decreased the expressions of miR-23b-5p and Nrf2 and increased the expressions of Keap1, α-SMA and ROS in NRK-52E cells(P<0.05), and these changes were obviously ameliorated by treatment with 20% Qingshen Granules-medicated serum for 24 h.Transfection of the cells with miR-23b-mimic significantly decreased the expressions of Keap1, α-SMA and ROS(P<0.05), which were further decreased by treatment with the medicated serum(P<0.05). CONCLUSION Qingshen Granules-medicated serum reduces transdifferentiation of NRK-52E cells via miR-23b-5pmediated activation of the Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- 敏 刘
- 安徽中医药大学第一临床医学院,安徽 合肥 230000The First Clinical Medical College of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230000, China
| | - 华 金
- 安徽中医药大学第一附属医院肾病科,安徽 合肥 230000Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230000, China
- 合肥综合性国家科学中心大健康研究院,新安医学与中医药现代化研究所,安徽 合肥 230000Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230000, China
| | - 琴 呼
- 安徽中医药大学第一临床医学院,安徽 合肥 230000The First Clinical Medical College of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230000, China
| | - 诺 陈
- 安徽中医药大学第一临床医学院,安徽 合肥 230000The First Clinical Medical College of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230000, China
| | - 叶青 张
- 安徽中医药大学第一临床医学院,安徽 合肥 230000The First Clinical Medical College of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230000, China
| | - 亿平 王
- 安徽中医药大学第一附属医院肾病科,安徽 合肥 230000Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230000, China
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Li J, Liu Y, Bai J, Liu T, Qin X, Hu T, Wang S, Li Y, Cui S, Quan Z, Luo Y, Zheng J, Wang H. Dexmedetomidine alleviates renal tubular ferroptosis in sepsis-associated AKI by KEAP1 regulating the degradation of GPX4. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 961:176194. [PMID: 38000722 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) has a high mortality rate and lacks effective targeted treatment. We applied lipopolysaccharides-induced injury models in human and mouse renal tubular epithelial cells, and at the same time, we selected a commonly used sedative drug, dexmedetomidine, to investigate its potential for renal protection. We found a significant increase in the expression level of HSP90, and the interaction with glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) led to autophagic degradation of GPX4, triggering ferroptosis. Dexmedetomidine reduced the degradation of GPX4 by increasing the binding of KEAP1 and HSP90 in the cytoplasm. Therefore, lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis were reduced. Similarly, dexmedetomidine showed renal protective effects in C57BL/6J male mice with SA-AKI induced by cecal ligation. Our study reveals a new mechanism of renal tubular epithelial cell ferroptosis in SA-AKI treated with dexmedetomidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarou Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yansong Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Jingjing Bai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xionghai Qin
- Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Tianyou Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Sicong Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yunlong Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Shanpeng Cui
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Zhen Quan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yiming Luo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Junbo Zheng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.
| | - Hongliang Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.
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Yang Y, Jiang Y, Qian D, Wang Z, Xiao L. Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis with natural products: Regulatory mechanism based on cell ferroptosis. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:951. [PMID: 38082321 PMCID: PMC10712195 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04448-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT With the development of society, the number of patients with osteoporosis is increasing. The prevention and control of osteoporosis has become a serious and urgent issue. With the continuous progress of biomedical research, ferroptosis has attracted increased attention. However, the pathophysiology and mechanisms of ferroptosis and osteoporosis still need further study. Natural products are widely used in East Asian countries for osteoporosis prevention and treatment. OBJECTIVE In this paper, we will discuss the basic mechanisms of ferroptosis, the relationship between ferroptosis and osteoclasts and osteoblasts, and in vitro and in vivo studies of natural products to prevent osteoporosis by interfering with ferroptosis. METHODS This article takes ferroptosis, natural products, osteoporosis, osteoblasts and osteoclast as key words. Retrieve literature from 2012 to 2023 indexed in databases such as PubMed Central, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and ISI. RESULTS Ferroptosis has many regulatory mechanisms, including the system XC -/GSH/GPX4, p62/Keap1/Nrf2, FSP1/NAD (P) H/CoQ10, P53/SAT1/ALOX15 axes etc. Interestingly, we found that natural products, such as Artemisinin, Biochanin A and Quercetin, can play a role in treating osteoporosis by promoting ferroptosis of osteoclast and inhibiting ferroptosis of osteoblasts. CONCLUSIONS Natural products have great potential to regulate OBs and OCs by mediating ferroptosis to prevent and treat osteoporosis, and it is worthwhile to explore and discover more natural products that can prevent and treat osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunshang Yang
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital of Yangzhou University, Zhangjiagang, 215600, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital of Yangzhou University, Zhangjiagang, 215600, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yifan Jiang
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital of Yangzhou University, Zhangjiagang, 215600, Jiangsu, China
| | - Daoyi Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital of Yangzhou University, Zhangjiagang, 215600, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhirong Wang
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital of Yangzhou University, Zhangjiagang, 215600, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital of Yangzhou University, Zhangjiagang, 215600, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Long Xiao
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital of Yangzhou University, Zhangjiagang, 215600, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital of Yangzhou University, Zhangjiagang, 215600, Jiangsu, China.
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