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Pagaduan JE, Lazarescu C, Vallieres E, Skinner K, Zuckermann AM, Idzerda L. The impacts of the Nutrition North Canada program on the accessibility and affordability of perishable, nutritious foods among eligible communities: a scoping review. Int J Circumpolar Health 2024; 83:2313255. [PMID: 38346231 PMCID: PMC10863516 DOI: 10.1080/22423982.2024.2313255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The Nutrition North Canada (NNC) program, introduced in April 2011 is a federal strategy to improve access to perishable, nutritious foods for remote and isolated communities in northern Canada by subsidising retailers to provide price reductions at the point of purchase. As of March 2023, 123 communities are eligible for the program. To evaluate existing evidence and research on the NNC program to inform policy decisions to improve the effectiveness of NNC. A scoping review of peer-reviewed articles was conducted in ten databases along with a supplemental grey literature search of government and non-government reports published between 2011 and 2022. The search yielded 172 publications for screening, of which 42 were included in the analysis. Narrative thematic evidence synthesis yielded 104 critiques and 341 recommendations of the NNC program across eight themes. The most-identified recommendations focus on transparency, communication, and support for harvesting, hunting, and community food initiatives. This review highlights recommendations informed by the literature to address critiques of the NNC program to improve food security, increase access to perishable and non-perishable items, and support community-based food initiatives among eligible communities. The review also identifies priority areas for future policy directions such as additional support for education initiatives, communication and transparency amidst program changes, and food price regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Edward Pagaduan
- Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Calin Lazarescu
- Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric Vallieres
- Health Security and Regional Operations Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kelly Skinner
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Alexandra M.E. Zuckermann
- Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leanne Idzerda
- Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Yuan W, Yu M, Zhang Z, Miao Q, Liu J, Zhang H, Zhou Q, Chen J, Zhai Y, Fang X, Xu H, Shen Q. The value of bioimpedance analysis in the assessment of hydration and nutritional status in children on chronic peritoneal dialysis. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2301531. [PMID: 38189097 PMCID: PMC10776048 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2023.2301531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioimpedance analysis (BIA)-body composition monitoring (BCM) has been used to evaluate the hydration and nutritional status of adults and children on dialysis. However, its clinical application still has challenges, so further exploration is valuable. We used BIA-BCM to evaluate the hydration and nutritional status of children undergoing chronic peritoneal dialysis from 1 July 2021 to 31 December 2022 in the Children's Hospital of Fudan University to explore the clinical value of this method. A total of 84 children on chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD) were included. In the PD group, 16 (19.05%) and 31 (36.90%) had mild and severe overhydration (OH), respectively; 41.27% (26/63) had a low lean tissue index (LTI). In the PD group, patients with relative OH (Re-OH) > 5.6% had significantly higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) and SBP z score (SBPz). Patients with LTI > 12% had significantly higher body mass index (BMI) and BMI z score (BMIz). Canonical correlation analysis indicated a linear relationship (ρ = 0.708) between BIA-BCM hydration and the clinical hydration indicator and a linear relationship (ρ = 0.995) between the BIA-BCM nutritional indicator and the clinical nutritional indicator. A total of 56% of children on chronic peritoneal dialysis had OH, and 41% had a low LTI. In PD patients, SBP and SBPz were correlated with BIA-BCM Re-OH, and BMI and BMIz were correlated with BIA-BCM LTI. BIA-BCM indicators have good clinical value in evaluating hydration and nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital -of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Kidney Development & Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Minghui Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital -of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Kidney Development & Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqing Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital -of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Kidney Development & Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianfan Miao
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital -of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Kidney Development & Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaojiao Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital -of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Kidney Development & Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital -of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Kidney Development & Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital -of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Kidney Development & Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital -of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Kidney Development & Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihui Zhai
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital -of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Kidney Development & Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Fang
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital -of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Kidney Development & Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital -of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Kidney Development & Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
- National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital -of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Kidney Development & Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
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Wang D, Yin J, Liao W, Feng X, Zhang F. GLIM criteria for definition of malnutrition in peritoneal dialysis: a new aspect of nutritional assessment. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2337290. [PMID: 38575339 PMCID: PMC10997366 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2337290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria in assessing malnutrition within the peritoneal dialysis (PD) population.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis involving 1057 PD patients across multiple institutions, characterized by an age of 56.1 ± 14.4 years, 464 (43.9%) female, and a median follow-up of 45 (25, 68) months. Malnutrition was diagnosed according to GLIM criteria. The endpoint event was overall mortality. The survival rate and hazard ratio (HR) of death between malnutrition and well-nourished were analyzed in all patients and various subgroups. Receiver operator characteristic curve and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were used to distinguish the efficacy of the nutritional tools prediction model.Results: According to the GLIM criteria, the prevalence of malnutrition among the study population was 34.9%. The adjusted HR of overall mortality was 2.91 (2.39 - 3.54, p < 0.001) for malnutrition versus well-nourished. In sensitivity analyses, the HR remained robust except the cardiovascular disease subgroup. The area under the curve of GLIM predicting 5-year mortality was 0.65 (0.62-0.68, p < 0.001). As a complex model for forecast the long-term mortality, the performance of adjusted factors combined with GLIM was poorer than combined malnutrition inflammation score (MIS) (IDI >0, p < 0.001), but fitter than combined geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) (IDI <0, p < 0.001).Conclusions: The GLIM criteria provide a viable tool for nutritional assessment in patients with PD, and malnutrition defined according to the GLIM can predict prognosis with an acceptable performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dao Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Pingxiang People’s Hospital, Pingxiang, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen Liao
- Department of Nephrology, Pingxiang People’s Hospital, Pingxiang, China
| | - Xiaoran Feng
- Department of Nephrology, Jiujiang First People’s Hospital, Jiujiang, China
| | - Fengping Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Jiujiang First People’s Hospital, Jiujiang, China
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Yuan Y, Zhao J, Liu Q, Liu Y, Liu Y, Tian X, Qiao W, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Chen L. Human milk sphingomyelin: Function, metabolism, composition and mimicking. Food Chem 2024; 447:138991. [PMID: 38520905 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Human milk, which contains various nutrients, is the "gold standard" for infant nutrition. Healthy human milk meets all the nutritional needs of early infant development. Polar lipids mainly exist in the milk fat globule membrane, accounting for approximately 1-2% of human milk lipids; sphingomyelin (SM) accounts for approximately 21-24% of polar lipids. SM plays an important role in promoting the development of the brain and nervous system, regulating intestinal flora, and improving skin barriers. Though SM could be synthesized de novo, SM nutrition from dietary is also important for infants. The content and composition of SM in human milk has been reported, however, the molecular mechanisms of nutritional functions of SM for infants required further research. This review summarizes the functional mechanisms, metabolic pathways, and compositional, influencing factors, and mimicking of SM in human milk, and highlights the challenges of improving maternal and infant early/long-term nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Food Science College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China
| | - Junying Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Food Science College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China
| | - Yan Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China
| | - Yan Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Food Science College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China
| | - Weicang Qiao
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, China
| | - Yanpin Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China
| | - Lijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Food Science College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., Beijing 100163, China.
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Shi J, Liu Y, Xu YJ. MS based foodomics: An edge tool integrated metabolomics and proteomics for food science. Food Chem 2024; 446:138852. [PMID: 38428078 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Foodomics has become a popular methodology in food science studies. Mass spectrometry (MS) based metabolomics and proteomics analysis played indispensable roles in foodomics research. So far, several methodologies have been developed to detect the metabolites and proteins in diets and consumers, including sample preparation, MS data acquisition, annotation and interpretation. Moreover, multiomics analysis integrated metabolomics and proteomics have received considerable attentions in the field of food safety and nutrition, because of more comprehensive and deeply. In this context, we intended to review the emerging strategies and their applications in MS-based foodomics, as well as future challenges and trends. The principle and application of multiomics were also discussed, such as the optimization of data acquisition, development of analysis algorithm and exploration of systems biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong-Jiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Pouzou JG, Zagmutt FJ. Guidelines to restrict consumption of red meat to under 350 g/wk based on colorectal cancer risk are not consistent with health evidence. Nutrition 2024; 122:112395. [PMID: 38492553 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Nordic Nutrition Recommendations of 2023 (NNR2023) incorporate sustainability, health, and nutrition in their food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs). NNR2023 recommends a consumption of ≤350 g/wk of unprocessed red meat (RM) based on association with colorectal cancer (CRC). This recommendation is lower than other FBDGs such as the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) recommendation it is based on (350-500 g/wk). OBJECTIVE To evaluate the empirical evidence and models cited by the NNR2023 to support the RM guidance. METHODS We fitted least-assumption (LA) dose-response (DR) models to the studies included in two systematic reviews (SRs) selected by NNR2023 on the RM and CRC association. We compared them against six parametric models reported in the two SRs. We evaluated the statistical significance of modeled relative risks (RR) at different consumption levels. RESULTS Twenty-one studies (20,604,188 patient-years) were analyzed. We found no significant association (RR = 1.04, 0.99-1.09) between 350g/wk of RM and CRC using the LA models, in agreement with the least restrictive models reported by Lescinsky et al., 2022 (RR = 1.11[0.89-1.38]) and WCRF (RR= 1.01[0.96-1.07]). The association was significant at 350 g/wk only under restricting assumptions such as monotonicity RR=1.3[1.01-1.64], and linearity RR = 1.06 [1.00-1.12]. No significant empirical association is observed under 567 g/wk based on evidence used by NNR2023. CONCLUSIONS The sources cited by NNR2023 do not support a consumption restriction of ≤350 g/wk of RM due to CRC, and other studies omitted by NNR2023 do not support association between RM and CRC. We show that model assumptions rather than empirical evidence drive this recommendation. Model uncertainty should be explicitly incorporated in FBDGs.
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Hetherington MM, Thomas JM, McLeod CJ. "I see it very much as an end-of-life food" - Barriers to oral nutritional supplement adherence, views from healthy older adults. Appetite 2024; 197:107327. [PMID: 38555018 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Malnutrition affects approximately one quarter of UK adults aged 65 years and over. As the global demographic shift continues, malnutrition is expected to increase. Oral nutritional supplements (ONS) are used both to prevent and to treat malnutrition. However, their effectiveness is compromised by poor adherence, and it is not well understood what contributes to this. Therefore, the current research was designed to explore ONS adherence from the parallel perspectives of ONS as a prescribed "medication" and as a food supplement/substitute. Eighteen older adults (13F, 5M; mean age = 73.4 yr; range: 70-80 yr) participated in focus groups (three in-person and one online), to investigate experiences of taking prescribed medications, including dietary supplements, and what should be factors to consider in supporting regular intake of ONS for trial development, as well as any potential improvements to products. Focus group sessions were recorded and then transcribed. Thematic Analysis was applied to the transcripts by the first author, and themes were discussed in depth, using exemplar quotes from participants. Five dominant themes were identified from the data: Disgust, Palatability and Acceptance; End-of-Life Care; Resistance to Medicines; Rituals and Reminders; and Real Food Displacement. Nutritional supplements were characterised as "disgusting", "manufactured", and associated with serious, chronic illness, as well as end-of-life care, in contrast to probiotics which were linked with health and wellness. The sweet taste of ONS was identified as a barrier to intake, given that it is generally associated with a signal to stop eating, and low hunger. As a group, participants tried to "avoid taking medicines", and viewed the need to have them negatively, yet most regularly took prescribed medication and/or vitamin supplements. Participants identified several, rituals and reminders to take medicines, including meal-based, or time-of-day-based prompts (e.g., before, with or after meals). To improve adherence, savoury products were suggested, as well as a more person-centred approach to individual nutritional needs and preferences. Overall, the group discussion mainly identified barriers to intake, but that improving taste, adding to "real food" (not replacing meals), and offering variety of flavour and form (e.g., savoury soups as well as sweet drinks) could be included in future trials to improve appeal and therefore intake. Future work should continue to explore how best to formulate, market and/or prescribe ONS, and how this might vary for malnutrition prevention vs treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jason M Thomas
- School of Psychology, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | - Chris J McLeod
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
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King A, Kwan K, Jukic I, Zinn C, Helms E. Fueling for and recovering from resistance training: The periworkout nutrition practices of competitive powerlifters. Nutrition 2024; 122:112389. [PMID: 38428220 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nutrient timing is a concept that emphasizes the intentional ingestion of whole or fortified foods, and dietary supplements, to adequately fuel for, and recover from, acute and chronic exercise. The nutrition strategies used by powerlifters around training sessions have not, to our knowledge, been previously investigated. This study explored the self-reported periworkout (before, during, and after) nutrition practices of competitive powerlifters, including what, why, and information source that informed practice, with comparison to current sport nutrition guidelines. METHODS Actively competing male (n = 240) and female (n = 65) powerlifters completed a cross-sectional online survey of self-reported periworkout nutrition practices in the pre-, intra-, and postexercise periods, fasted training, and supplementation. Data are presented as the number (n) and percentage (%) of all powerlifters practicing a given strategy followed by a % of responses reporting various practices or beliefs within this strategy. Categorical subgroups (sex, age, and weight class; and competitive caliber) were analyzed with a chi-square test or Fisher's exact test and denoted where significant (P ≤ 0.05). RESULTS Most powerlifters reported paying specific attention to nutrition practices in the pre-exercise period (n = 261; 85.6%) by ingesting more carbohydrate (CHO) rich foods (n = 234; 89.6%) for the purpose of assisting in training performance (n = 222; 85.1%). Most powerlifters reported intraexercise nutrition strategies (n = 211; 69.2%), of which most included ingesting more CHO rich foods (n = 159; 74.5%) for the purpose of feeling less hungry and/or boosting energy levels during training (n = 129; 61.1%). Most powerlifters reported paying attention to postexercise nutrition (n = 244; 80%), by ingesting more protein rich foods (n = 182; 74.6%) for the purpose of recovering better for the whole day (n = 152; 62.3%) and enhancing the benefits of training (n = 149; 61.1%). Most powerlifters did not complete training sessions in the fasted state (n = 262; 85.9%). Most powerlifters reported paying attention to supplementation before training (n = 237; 77.7%), of which preworkout formulas (n = 137; 57.8%), energy drinks (n = 101; 42.6%), creatine (n = 88; 37.1%), and caffeine pills (n = 70; 29.5%) were most reported. Supplementation was used to assist in training performance (n = 197; 83.1%) and increase wakefulness/alertness (n = 183; 77.2%). Males reported more often than females that they informed multiple elements of their nutrition practices with the information they read or watched somewhere (P = 0.002-0.012). CONCLUSION The periworkout nutrition practices used by competitive powerlifters followed current sport nutrition guidelines, by using CHO sources to fuel for training and ensuring the provision of protein postexercise. Competitive powerlifters may wish to exert caution with supplementation, as there is a risk of harm or inadvertent doping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew King
- Sport Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Kedric Kwan
- Sport Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ivan Jukic
- Sport Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Caryn Zinn
- Sport Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Eric Helms
- Sport Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Exercise Science and Health Promotion, Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
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Smith R, Methven L, Clegg ME, Geny A, Ueland Ø, Synnøve Grini I, Helgesdotter Rognså G, Maitre I, Brasse C, Van Wymelbeke-Delannoy V, Sulmont-Rossé C. Older adults' acceptability of and preferences for food-based protein fortification in the UK, France and Norway. Appetite 2024; 197:107319. [PMID: 38514019 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Research suggests that as we age, protein intake, recognised as vital for combating negative health outcomes, consistently falls below recommendations in older adults. Decreased food intake, combined with age-related eating complications is a major determinant of this protein undernutrition. If nutritional interventions are to be effective and sustainable, they must enable eating pleasure, cater for personal preferences and be adaptable to different eating patterns. As such, we aimed to identify successful strategies for at-home protein-fortification to empower older adults to take a personalised approach to their nutrition, without requiring a large behavioural change. To explore healthy older adults' (age 70+) acceptability and preferences for at-home protein fortification, European project Fortiphy led discussions with older adults (n = 37) and caregivers of older adults (n = 15) to develop high-protein recipes, which were then utilised in a home-use trial with healthy older adults (n = 158). Each fortified recipe was paired with a questionnaire to rate the ease of preparation and liking, and an end-of-study questionnaire was provided to capture overall opinions and preferences. The uniqueness of this study is that the protein fortified recipes were prepared and tested by older adults themselves, in their own homes. Findings showed that older adults were unaware of the importance of protein in ageing and did not have a desire to fortify their foods at present. Yet, they were positive regarding the concept and highlighted the importance of taste, familiar ingredients, and preferred preparation methods. Cultural preferences across countries were identified as having the most influence on the liking of fortified meals. This study also indicated a need for increased awareness of protein requirements to influence the motivation to use fortification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Smith
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AP, UK.
| | - Lisa Methven
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AP, UK.
| | - Miriam E Clegg
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Alexia Geny
- Centre des Sciences Du Goût et de L'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | | | | | | | - Isabelle Maitre
- GRAPPE, Ecole Supérieure des Agricultures, USC 1422, INRAE, 49007, Angers, France
| | - Céline Brasse
- GRAPPE, Ecole Supérieure des Agricultures, USC 1422, INRAE, 49007, Angers, France
| | - Virginie Van Wymelbeke-Delannoy
- Centre des Sciences Du Goût et de L'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France; CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Unité de Recherche Pôle Personnes Âgées, Dijon, France
| | - Claire Sulmont-Rossé
- Centre des Sciences Du Goût et de L'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France
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Zhang L, Cui Y, Xu J, Qian J, Yang X, Chen X, Zhang C, Gao P. Ecotoxicity and trophic transfer of metallic nanomaterials in aquatic ecosystems. Sci Total Environ 2024; 924:171660. [PMID: 38490428 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Metallic nanomaterials (MNMs) possess unique properties that have led to their widespread application in fields such as electronics and medicine. However, concerns about their interactions with environmental factors and potential toxicity to aquatic life have emerged. There is growing evidence suggesting MNMs can have detrimental effects on aquatic ecosystems, and are potential for bioaccumulation and biomagnification in the food chain, posing risks to higher trophic levels and potentially humans. While many studies have focused on the general ecotoxicity of MNMs, fewer have delved into their trophic transfer within aquatic food chains. This review highlights the ecotoxicological effects of MNMs on aquatic systems via waterborne exposure or dietary exposure, emphasizing their accumulation and transformation across the food web. Biomagnification factor (BMF), the ratio of the contaminant concentration in predator to that in prey, was used to evaluate the biomagnification due to the complex nature of aquatic food chains. However, most current studies have BMF values of less than 1 indicating no biomagnification. Factors influencing MNM toxicity in aquatic environments include nanomaterial properties, ion variations, light, dissolved oxygen, and pH. The multifaceted interactions of these variables with MNM toxicity remain to be fully elucidated. We conclude with recommendations for future research directions to mitigate the adverse effects of MNMs in aquatic ecosystems and advocate for a cautious approach to the production and application of MNMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Zhang
- School of Environment & Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yifei Cui
- School of Environment & Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Environment & Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jingran Qian
- School of Environment & Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yang
- School of Environment & Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaoni Chen
- School of Environment & Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Environment & Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States
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11
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Turck D. Impact of iodine supply in infancy and childhood. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2024; 27:259-265. [PMID: 38547335 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000001036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To assess the most relevant articles on the impact of iodine supply in at-risk populations, namely infants and young children, pregnant and lactating women. RECENT FINDINGS The 2022 Iodine Global Network Annual Report confirmed the dramatic decrease of severe iodine deficiency over the last 30 years, thanks to universal iodine iodization. However, mild to moderate deficiency is still present in many countries, where recent data showed a decrease of iodine intake and an impairment of iodine status. Unfortunately, there is yet no validated biomarker to classify the iodine status at the individual level. Available data show that there is no clear evidence to link mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency to adverse health outcomes in pregnant and lactating women as well as in infants and children. The description of a negative impact of maternal iodine excess on neurodevelopment of infants is of concern. SUMMARY Optimization of salt iodization (e.g. careful increase in iodine concentration in salt, use by food industry in processed foods) combined with targeted, personalized supplementation under medical supervision if needed (e.g. low intake of iodine rich foods, vegan diet) seems currently preferable to blanket supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Turck
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Lille, Lille, France
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12
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Benna-Doyle S, Baguley BJ, Laing E, Kiss N. Nutritional interventions during treatment for ovarian cancer: A narrative review and recommendations for future research. Maturitas 2024; 183:107938. [PMID: 38367367 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2024.107938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Most women with ovarian cancer are diagnosed at an advanced stage (stage III or IV), when the intraabdominal spread of the tumour impacts nutrient intake and absorption. Up to 70 % of women with ovarian cancer are malnourished and approximately 40 % are affected by muscle loss at the time of diagnosis. Women with ovarian cancer are at high risk of nutritional decline due to invasive treatment and the severity of side-effects. This review explores the evidence evaluating nutritional interventions during treatment for ovarian cancer and their effect on nutritional status, muscle mass, and clinical outcomes. Perioperative immunonutrition has been investigated with mixed results for immediate postoperative outcomes. Individualised nutrition counselling as part of a multimodal prehabilitation programme prior to surgery shows promising results; however, the effects are limited by sample size. Nutrition counselling as part of a mixed intervention with exercise shows high acceptability and suggests improvements in dietary intake and quality of life during chemotherapy treatment, while oral nutritional supplements and nutrition education appear to reduce symptom burden. Individualised nutrition counselling during treatment also appears to be associated with improved overall survival; however, the evidence is limited to a single retrospective study. A key finding from this review is that, despite the high prevalence of malnutrition and muscle loss in women with ovarian cancer and the critical importance of addressing these modifiable prognostic factors, nutrition intervention studies are limited. Prospective studies with samples large enough to provide adequate power to evaluate intervention effectiveness are urgently required to inform optimal management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Benna-Doyle
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20001, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
| | - Brenton J Baguley
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20001, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
| | - Erin Laing
- Peter McCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Nicole Kiss
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20001, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
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Jiang X, Xiang J, Yang M, Liu W, Lin G, Chen F, Wang W, Duan G, Jing S, Bao X. Predictive Role of Preoperative Nutritional Status on Early Postoperative Outcomes in Different-Aged Patients Undergoing Heart Valve Surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2024; 38:1169-1180. [PMID: 38423886 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2024.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The authors sought to elucidate the role and predictive effects of preoperative nutritional status on postoperative outcomes across different age groups undergoing heart valve surgery. DESIGN A retrospective study with intergroup comparison, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, and logistic regression analysis. SETTING A hospital affiliated with a medical university. PARTICIPANTS Three thousand nine hundred five patients undergoing heart valve surgery between October 2016 and December 2020. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Patients were categorized into 3 age subgroups: young (aged 18-44 years), middle-aged (aged 45-59 years), and older (aged ≥60 years) adults. The Nutritional Risk Index (NRI), Prognostic Nutritional Index, and Controlling Nutritional Status scores were evaluated. Young adults with an NRI <99 experienced a significantly higher rate of prolonged intensive care unit stay (28.3% v 4.1%, p < 0.001), with a relative risk of 4.58 (95% CI: 2.04-10.27). Similarly, young adults with an NRI <97 had a significantly increased occurrence of mortality within 30 days after surgery (6.3% v 0.2%, p < 0.001), with a relative risk of 41.11 (95% CI: 3.19-529.48). CONCLUSIONS In patients who undergo heart valve surgery, early postoperative outcomes can be influenced by nutritional status before the surgery. In the young-adult group, NRI <99 and NRI <97 effectively could predict prolonged intensive care unit stay and 30-day mortality, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuetao Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Xiang
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guoyun Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guangyou Duan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sheng Jing
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohang Bao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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14
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Omar OM, Tayel DI, Saleh RM, Ramadan MA. The malnutrition screening tool STRONGKIDS performed better than other screening tools for children hospitalised in Egypt. Acta Paediatr 2024; 113:1006-1012. [PMID: 38291548 DOI: 10.1111/apa.17123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
AIM To compare the accuracy of three different screening tools, namely, the Paediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score (PYMS), Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Paediatrics (STAMP), and Screening Tool for Risk on Nutritional Status and Growth (STRONGKIDS), in assessing malnutrition risk in hospitalised children. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 children aged 6 months to 15 years at Alexandria University Children's Hospital, Egypt. The sensitivity and specificity of each tool were calculated to detect acute and chronic malnutrition, and an agreement test was conducted between the nutritional screening tools. The patients were classified into different nutritional risk groups, and their classification was compared with anthropometric measures and clinical variables, such as the length of hospital stay (LOS). RESULTS The prevalence of stunting and wasting on admission was found to be 3% and 6.6%, respectively. Children categorised as high-risk on admission had a longer LOS than those at low risk. The agreement test between the STAMP score and STRONGKIDS score on admission showed the most significant agreement, and STRONGKIDS had the best accuracy in detecting acute and chronic malnutrition. CONCLUSION The comparison of the three screening tools revealed that STRONGKIDS exhibited the best accuracy in detecting acute and chronic malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omneya Magdy Omar
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Dalia I Tayel
- Department of Nutrition, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Radwa Mohamed Saleh
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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15
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Öz N, Gezer HH, Cilli Hayıroğlu S, Duruöz MT. Evaluation of the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) as a tool for assessing disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Clin Rheumatol 2024; 43:1461-1467. [PMID: 38466500 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-024-06927-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease of unknown exact cause, characterized by chronic inflammation. The prognostic nutritional index (PNI), reflecting albumin concentration and lymphocyte count, is a newly established inflammation-based nutritional score. This study aimed to determine the relationship between PNI and disease activity in RA patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study included 138 RA patients who met the 2010 revised criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) for RA. PNI was calculated using the following formula: 10 × serum albumin value (g/dL) + 0.005 × total lymphocyte count in the peripheral blood (per mm3). The study population was divided into two groups: DAS28-ESR ≤ 3.2 (group 1 with remission and low disease activity) and DAS28-ESR > 3.2 (group 2 with moderate and high disease activity). RESULTS A total of 138 patients with a mean age of 52.1 years were recruited. While the female gender was more prevalent in both groups, it was significantly higher in group 2 (p < 0.05). Group 2 exhibited a lower PNI compared to those in group 1 (42.17 ± 3.46 vs. 44.02 ± 2.92; p = 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that PNI was an independent predictor of disease activity (OR, 0.850; 95% CI, 0.735-0.983; p = 0.029). ROC curve analysis determined that the optimal cutoff value of PNI for disease activity was 43.01, with a sensitivity of 69.1% and specificity of 57.7% (AUC, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.57-0.75, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that the simple and readily available PNI could serve as an independent predictor of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Key Points •The relationship between disease activity and the prognostic nutritional index, which is a nutritional indicator, in rheumatoid arthritis patients was investigated. •It has been shown that there is a connection between low PNI and high disease activity. •It has been shown that PNI can be used to evaluate disease severity with a simple calculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuran Öz
- Rheumatology Division, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Marmara University School of Medicine, Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu Street, No 10, 34899, Istanbul, Türkiye.
| | - Halise Hande Gezer
- Rheumatology Division, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Marmara University School of Medicine, Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu Street, No 10, 34899, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Selin Cilli Hayıroğlu
- Rheumatology Division, Istanbul Goztepe Prof. Dr. Suleyman Yalcin City Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Tuncay Duruöz
- Rheumatology Division, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Marmara University School of Medicine, Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu Street, No 10, 34899, Istanbul, Türkiye
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16
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Slee A, Reid J. Exercise and nutrition interventions for renal cachexia. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2024; 27:219-225. [PMID: 38386361 PMCID: PMC10990023 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000001022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Renal cachexia is a deleterious condition characterized by weight loss, muscle wasting and loss of physical function, quality of life, and increased mortality. Multimodal treatment strategies utilizing exercise and nutrition interventions have been recently suggested although the evidence base is still in its infancy. This paper aimed to review the current literature surrounding the use of exercise and nutrition for renal cachexia. MAIN FINDINGS Evidence from systematic reviews and narrative reviews indicates that resistance training (RT) is proven to have beneficial effects on improving muscle strength and in some cases physical function, although effects on muscle mass are mixed and inconclusive. Further, combined RT and aerobic training (AT) may have also beneficial effects on overall functional capacity and there appears to be no superior mode of protocol (inter/intra-dialysis vs. home-based). For nutrition, there is new data from systematic review of studies indicating that oral nutritional supplementation (ONS) may have beneficial effects on nutritional status (e.g. body mass index, plasma albumin and handgrip strength). Omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects in haemodialysis patients from two recent systematic reviews, and evidence from other populations groups indicate they may be beneficial for improving muscle mass and strength. SUMMARY Evidence is accumulating for individual exercise and nutrition components but specific multimodal treatment studies in renal cachexia need to be urgently undertaken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Slee
- Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London (UCL)
| | - Joanne Reid
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast (QUB), Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
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17
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Yepez CE, Anderson CE, Frost E, Whaley SE, Koleilat M. Sleep Duration Is Associated with Household Food Insecurity and Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake Among Women, Infants and Children Participating Children Ages 0-5. Am J Health Promot 2024; 38:492-502. [PMID: 38155440 DOI: 10.1177/08901171231225289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine associations between child and household characteristics and sleep duration among low-income children in Los Angeles County. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Survey data collected in 2017 and 2020 in Los Angeles County, California. SAMPLE Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) households with children ages 4-60 months. MEASURES Sleep duration for children 4-60 months old (less than recommended (LTR), recommended range, more than recommended (MTR)), household food insecurity (HFI), sociodemographics, and daily servings of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB). ANALYSIS Multinomial logistic regression, stratified by child age, was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between household/child characteristics and LTR or MTR sleep compared to recommended duration among WIC participating children 4-60 months old. RESULTS The final sample included 3512 children ages 4-23 months and 6035 children ages 24-60 months. In the study population, 32% (3-5 years old) to 44% (4-11months) of children under 5 did not meet the recommended hours of sleep per night. HFI was associated with higher odds of LTR (OR 1.27, CI 1.12-1.45) and MTR (OR 1.46, CI 1.15-1.87) sleep among 24-60 month-old children. Each additional daily SSB serving was associated with higher odds of LTR sleep (4-23 months: OR 1.10, CI 1.02-1.19; 24-59 months: OR 1.12, CI 1.08-1.17). CONCLUSIONS HFI and SSB intake are associated with not getting the recommended amount of sleep among low-income WIC participating children. Nutrition assistance program participants may benefit from receiving information about recommended sleep duration for young children and how to establish sleep routines to optimize sleep duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E Yepez
- Public Health Foundation Enterprises (PHFE) WIC, a Program of Heluna Health, City of Industry, CA, USA
| | - Christopher E Anderson
- Public Health Foundation Enterprises (PHFE) WIC, a Program of Heluna Health, City of Industry, CA, USA
| | - Erin Frost
- Department of Public Health, College of Health and Human Development, California State University, Fullerton, CA, USA
| | - Shannon E Whaley
- Public Health Foundation Enterprises (PHFE) WIC, a Program of Heluna Health, City of Industry, CA, USA
| | - Maria Koleilat
- Department of Public Health, College of Health and Human Development, California State University, Fullerton, CA, USA
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18
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Xu X, Qi C, Xu S, Fu X, Li Z, Ren H, Qian Q, Guo S. Association between thiamine intake and depression: A national cross-sectional study. J Affect Disord 2024; 352:259-266. [PMID: 38367708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent years have seen increasing attention to improving depressive symptoms through dietary intakes, yet the association between thiamine intake and depression remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore this association using data from an American cross-sectional study. METHODS We explored the association of covariates, exposure, and outcome with logistic regression equations. Multivariable regression models were performed to further exclude confounding factors. To investigate nonlinear relationships, we employed restricted cubic splines. Recursive algorithms were utilized to identify inflection points. Additionally, we conducted stratified analyses by age and sex to uncover differences among subgroups. RESULTS When all covariates were adjusted, the association between thiamine intake and depression was not statistically significant [0.93 (0.82, 1.07)]. In the linear trend test using Q1 as the reference, the ORs (95%CI) for Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 0.87 (0.73, 1.04), 0.83 (0.68, 1.00), and 0.92 (0.73, 1.16), which suggested that the association might be nonlinear. We then confirmed this nonlinear relationship with a restricted cubic spline, and the inflection point of 1.35 mg/day was calculated. Before the inflection point, the effect value of the relationship was 0.68 (0.53, 0.89). After the inflection point, no significant association was found [1.10 (0.92, 1.31)]. Stratified analyses revealed that this nonlinear relationship was consistent among women and individuals aged <60 years. DISCUSSION In this cross-sectional study among American general adults, we found a nonlinear association between thiamine intake and depression and further observed differences by age and sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiying Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Qi
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shuang Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xinhao Fu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hong Ren
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qian Qian
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
| | - Shanshan Guo
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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Boit TC, Melse-Boonstra A, Michaelsen KF, Roos N. Should we provide edible insects in children's diets? Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2024; 27:275-282. [PMID: 38456627 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000001029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Diets low in animal-source foods or solely consisting of plant-based foods, hardly meet nutrition needs of children, exposing them to inadequate intake of essential nutrients. Thus, including edible insects in children's diets is relevant for meeting nutritional requirements, other potential health benefits, and building more sustainable food systems. Nutrition and health research on insects is novel and still limited. This review covers recently published research between April 2022 and November 2023 focusing on the relevance of including insects in children's diets. RECENT FINDINGS Insects provide protein, fat and micronutrients, and are generally nutritionally equivalent to animal-source foods. The protein and fat quality of edible insects varies depending on several factors. Insects also contain chitin which could potentially be beneficial for gut health. For insects to be considered suitable for inclusion in children's diet, they must be accepted. However, children who are unfamiliar with insects respond to them with curiosity and disgust. SUMMARY Insect farming can enhance their availability and consumption, potentially addressing nutrition gaps. Furthermore, transitioning from occasional to regular insect consumption requires actual exposure and integration into diets of insects. To affirm the nutrition and health potential of edible insects for children, well designed human studies are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tele Chepkoros Boit
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alida Melse-Boonstra
- Department of Human Nutrition & Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Kim F Michaelsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nanna Roos
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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20
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The Lancet Gastroenterology Hepatology. Addressing the evolving landscape of global malnutrition. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 9:393. [PMID: 38604191 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(24)00092-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
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21
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Haynes LA, Casareno C, Fatema S, Augustyn M, Eppes E, Mclean M, Hennessey Z. "What Matters to You?": A Participant-Centered Approach to Needs Identification and Referral to Community Resources. Matern Child Health J 2024; 28:905-914. [PMID: 38113011 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-023-03865-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Referral to social and health services is a core process of the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC). We evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a referral innovation implemented at two New York City WIC sites. This program aimed to improve retention by increasing WIC's perceived value by addressing unmet needs of WIC families. The two main components were needs assessment via conversation and a closed-loop referral process for WIC families with children aged 6-9 months and 18-21 months. DESIGN Referral outcomes from Unite Us and program data were tracked and assessed using descriptive univariate analyses. We conducted 29 in-depth interviews with caregivers and six focus groups with WIC and CBO staff. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic framework analysis. RESULTS From February 2020 through January 2021, 1,675 WIC caregivers participated in a conversation about their family's needs. Four hundred sixty-one caregivers were referred to at least one service. 95 received services or benefits. In interviews, caregivers viewed referrals to other services positively but were not aware WIC could address needs holistically. In focus groups, WIC staff liked the conversation script but highlighted barriers to making referrals. CBO partners valued network participation as it increased their reach to new families. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our approach facilitated targeted referrals for WIC participants. It is an acceptable enhancement of the WIC referral process with potential to strengthen WIC as a community provider.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Haynes
- Public Health Solutions, 40 Worth Street, 4th Floor, 10013, New York, NY, USA
| | - Camille Casareno
- Public Health Solutions, 40 Worth Street, 4th Floor, 10013, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Soalihin Fatema
- Public Health Solutions, 40 Worth Street, 4th Floor, 10013, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Elisabet Eppes
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mireille Mclean
- Public Health Solutions, 40 Worth Street, 4th Floor, 10013, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zachariah Hennessey
- Public Health Solutions, 40 Worth Street, 4th Floor, 10013, New York, NY, USA
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22
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Peng L, Zhang L, Xiong S, You J, Liu R, Xu D, Huang Q, Ma H, Yin T. A comprehensive review of the mechanisms on fish stress affecting muscle qualities: Nutrition, physical properties, and flavor. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13336. [PMID: 38558497 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Fish inevitably face numerous stressors in growth, processing, and circulation. In recent years, stress-related change in fish muscle quality has gradually become a research hotspot. Thus, the understanding of the mechanism regarding the change is constantly deepening. This review introduces the physiological regulation of fish under stress, with particular attention devoted to signal transduction, gene expression, and metabolism, and changes in the physiological characteristics of muscular cells. Then, the influences of various stressors on the nutrition, physical properties, and flavor of the fish muscle are sequentially described. This review emphasizes recent advances in the mechanisms underlying changes in muscle quality, which are believed to be involved mainly in physiological regulation under stress. In addition, studies are also introduced on improving muscle quality by mitigating fish stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology/National R&D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Shanbai Xiong
- College of Food Science and Technology/National R&D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan You
- College of Food Science and Technology/National R&D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ru Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology/National R&D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Defeng Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qilin Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology/National R&D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huawei Ma
- Engineering Research Center of Processing & Storage of Characteristic and Advantage Aquatic Products from Guangxi, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Science, Nanning, China
| | - Tao Yin
- College of Food Science and Technology/National R&D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Bernal N, Olivera J, Suhrcke M. The effects of social pensions on nutrition-related health outcomes of the poor: Quasi-experimental evidence from Peru. Health Econ 2024; 33:971-991. [PMID: 38282052 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
This paper exploits the discontinuity around a welfare index of eligibility to assess the impact of Peru's social pension program Pension 65 on nutrition-related health outcomes among elderly poor individuals. Overall, we find evidence of how a relatively inexpensive program can produce improvements in anemia and nutrition-related mortality risk markers. The effects appear to be driven by plausible underlying mechanisms, including via improved nutritional quality as well as greater food expenditures and healthcare utilization. These positive effects are only modestly countered by tentative signs of an increased obesity risk among women in the short term (<2 years), but not beyond this term. As the program evolves further, policymakers need to confront the challenge of continuing to ensure the health benefits in terms of reducing nutritional deficits while avoiding potential undesirable side effects in terms of over-nutrition in Peru. The findings may serve to highlight the wider benefits of similar pension policies for the poor also in other middle income countries, well beyond the immediate economic welfare effects that the policies have primarily been designed for.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Bernal
- Department of Economics, Universidad del Pacífico, Lima, Peru
- Netspar, Tilburg, Netherlands
| | - Javier Olivera
- Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Department of Economics, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP), San Miguel, Peru
| | - Marc Suhrcke
- Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
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24
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Gao Y, Ding Z, Liu Y, Xu YJ. Advances in encapsulation systems of Antarctic krill oil: From extraction to encapsulation, and future direction. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13332. [PMID: 38578167 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Antarctic krill oil (AKO) is highly sought after by consumers and the food industry due to its richness in a variety of nutrients and physiological activities. However, current extraction methods are not sufficient to better extract AKO and its nutrients, and AKO is susceptible to lipid oxidation during processing and storage, leading to nutrient loss and the formation of off-flavors and toxic compounds. The development of various extraction methods and encapsulation systems for AKO to improve oil yield, nutritional value, antioxidant capacity, and bioavailability has become a research hotspot. This review summarizes the research progress of AKO from extraction to encapsulation system construction. The AKO extraction mechanism, technical parameters, oil yield and composition of solvent extraction, aqueous enzymatic extraction, supercritical/subcritical extraction, and three-liquid-phase salting-out extraction system are described in detail. The principles, choice of emulsifier/wall materials, preparation methods, advantages and disadvantages of four common encapsulation systems for AKO, namely micro/nanoemulsions, microcapsules, liposomes and nanostructured lipid carriers, are summarized. These four encapsulation systems are characterized by high encapsulation efficiency, low production cost, high bioavailability and high antioxidant capacity. Depending on the unique advantages and conditions of different encapsulation methods, as well as consumer demand for health and nutrition, different products can be developed. However, existing AKO encapsulation systems lack relevant studies on digestive absorption and targeted release, and the single product category of commercially available products limits consumer choice. In conjunction with clinical studies of AKO encapsulation systems, the development of encapsulation systems for special populations should be a future research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhansheng Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Jiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Miyazaki S, Tamaki A, Wakabayashi H, Arai H. Definition, diagnosis, and treatment of respiratory sarcopenia. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2024; 27:210-218. [PMID: 38126204 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000001003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Skeletal muscle weakness and wasting also occurs in the respiratory muscles, called respiratory sarcopenia. Respiratory sarcopenia may lead to worse clinical indicators and outcomes. We present a novel definition and diagnostic criteria for respiratory sarcopenia, summarize recent reports on the association between respiratory sarcopenia, physical and nutritional status, and clinical outcomes, and provide suggestions for the prevention and treatment of respiratory sarcopenia. RECENT FINDINGS Recently, a novel definition and diagnostic criteria for respiratory sarcopenia have been prepared. Respiratory sarcopenia is defined as a condition in which there is both low respiratory muscle strength and low respiratory muscle mass. Respiratory muscle strength, respiratory muscle mass, and appendicular skeletal muscle mass are used to diagnose respiratory sarcopenia. Currently, it is challenging to definitively diagnose respiratory sarcopenia due to the difficulty in accurately determining low respiratory muscle mass. Decreased respiratory muscle strength and respiratory muscle mass are associated with lower physical and nutritional status and poorer clinical outcomes. Exercise interventions, especially respiratory muscle training, nutritional interventions, and their combinations may effectively treat respiratory sarcopenia. Preventive interventions for respiratory sarcopenia are unclear. SUMMARY The novel definition and diagnostic criteria will contribute to promoting the assessment and intervention of respiratory sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Akira Tamaki
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Hyogo Medical University, Kobe
| | - Hidetaka Wakabayashi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
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Nishioka E, Iwata M, Kumai N, Matsumoto Y, Momoki C, Yasui Y, Habu D. Association between a malnutrition screening tool and mealtime observation checklist items in older people receiving oral intake support: A cross-sectional study of four long-term care facilities. Int J Older People Nurs 2024; 19:e12610. [PMID: 38618707 DOI: 10.1111/opn.12610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple nutritional screening tools are available for older people; however, few screening tools include specific eating behaviours as risk factors that could lead to poor food intake. The 24-item mealtime observation checklist (MOCL), developed by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare in 2015, comprises signs, symptoms and conditions during mealtime that reflect eating and swallowing functions and oral conditions. OBJECTIVES To examine factors associated with malnutrition among the MOCL items in older people. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from a retrospective cohort study conducted at four long-term care facilities in Japan. Among the older people residing in the facilities, 198 who received oral intake support were included in the analyses. Nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA®-SF), and comparisons were made between 'malnutrition' and 'at-risk or well-nourished'. The association between each MOCL item and malnutrition was assessed using multivariable logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Of the 198 participants, 98 (49.5%) were classified as 'malnutrition', 98 (49.5%) as 'at-risk' and 2 (1%) as 'well-nourished' by MNA®-SF. After adjusting for participant characteristics such as age and sex, significant associations with malnutrition were observed for four items from the 24-item MOCL: 'Has fatigue due to extended mealtime (odds ratio [OR] = 3.20, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.36-7.53)', 'Food residues in the oral cavity are conspicuous (OR = 2.77, 95% CI: 1.38-5.52)', 'Has difficulty swallowing food and takes time to swallow (OR = 3.78, 95% CI: 1.45-9.84)' and 'Assisted feeding is required (OR = 3.70, 95% CI: 1.73-7.91)'. CONCLUSIONS The four signs, symptoms and conditions during mealtime identified in this study may be associated with malnutrition in older people. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE These may indicate the potential eating problems that can lead to malnutrition. By incorporating them into early intervention and prevention measures, health care providers may help prevent malnutrition and improve the nutritional status of older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Nishioka
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mayumi Iwata
- Division of Home Care Support Services, Specified Nonprofit Corporation Noppo-no-Kai, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Noriko Kumai
- Department of Nutrition Management, Medical Corporation Iseikai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Matsumoto
- Department of Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chika Momoki
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Setsunan University - Hirakata Campus, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Yoko Yasui
- Department of Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daiki Habu
- Department of Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
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Missong H, Joshi R, Khullar N, Thareja S, Navik U, Bhatti GK, Bhatti JS. Nutrient-epigenome interactions: Implications for personalized nutrition against aging-associated diseases. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 127:109592. [PMID: 38325612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Aging is a multifaceted process involving genetic and environmental interactions often resulting in epigenetic changes, potentially leading to aging-related diseases. Various strategies, like dietary interventions and calorie restrictions, have been employed to modify these epigenetic landscapes. A burgeoning field of interest focuses on the role of microbiota in human health, emphasizing system biology and computational approaches. These methods help decipher the intricate interplay between diet and gut microbiota, facilitating the creation of personalized nutrition strategies. In this review, we analysed the mechanisms related to nutritional interventions while highlighting the influence of dietary strategies, like calorie restriction and intermittent fasting, on microbial composition and function. We explore how gut microbiota affects the efficacy of interventions using tools like multi-omics data integration, network analysis, and machine learning. These tools enable us to pinpoint critical regulatory elements and generate individualized models for dietary responses. Lastly, we emphasize the need for a deeper comprehension of nutrient-epigenome interactions and the potential of personalized nutrition informed by individual genetic and epigenetic profiles. As knowledge and technology advance, dietary epigenetics stands on the cusp of reshaping our strategy against aging and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemi Missong
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Riya Joshi
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Naina Khullar
- Department of Zoology, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India
| | - Suresh Thareja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Umashanker Navik
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Gurjit Kaur Bhatti
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India.
| | - Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India.
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Wu J, Cheng X, Yang H, Xiao S, Xu L, Zhang C, Huang W, Jiang C, Wang G. Geriatric nutritional risk index as a prognostic factor in elderly patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a propensity score-matched study. Int Urol Nephrol 2024; 56:1627-1637. [PMID: 38177927 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03905-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index (GNRI) is a simple and validated tool used to assess the nutritional status of elderly patients and predict the risk of short-term postoperative complications, as well as the long-term prognosis, after cancer surgery. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the predictive value of GNRI for the long-term postoperative prognosis in elderly patients with primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data from 292 elderly patients with primary NMIBC. Using X-tile software, we divided the cohort into two groups based on GNRI and determined the cut-off value for postoperative recurrence-free survival (RFS). Propensity score matching (PSM) with a ratio of 1:3, Kaplan-Meier analysis, log-rank test, and COX proportional hazards regression were used to assess the correlation between GNRI and prognosis and identify factors predicting recurrence and progression. RESULTS In the entire cohort, the 3 year recurrence group had significantly lower GNRI compared to the 3 year non-recurrence group (P = 0.0109). The determined GNRI cut-off value was 93.82. After PSM, the low GNRI group had significantly lower RFS (P < 0.0001) and progression-free survival (PFS) (P = 0.0040) than the high GNRI group. Multivariate COX regression showed that GNRI independently predicted RFS (HR 2.108; 95% CI 1.266-3.512; P = 0.004) and PFS (HR 2.155; 95% CI 1.135-4.091; P = 0.019) in elderly patients with primary NMIBC. CONCLUSION Preoperative GNRI is a prognostic marker for disease recurrence and progression in elderly patients with primary NMIBC undergoing TURBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxin Wu
- Department of Urological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaofeng Cheng
- Department of Urological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Heng Yang
- Department of Urological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Song Xiao
- Department of Urological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Linhao Xu
- Department of Urological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Urological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Urological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chunwen Jiang
- Department of Urological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Gongxian Wang
- Department of Urological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China.
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İslamoğlu AH, Berkel G, Yildirim HS, Aktaç Ş, Bayram F, Sabuncular G, Güneş FE. Chewing difficulties, oral health, and nutritional status in adults with intellectual disabilities: A cross-sectional study. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil 2024; 37:e13225. [PMID: 38504582 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chewing difficulty, poor oral health, inadequate and imbalanced nutrition are serious health problems in individuals with intellectual disabilities. The participants' chewing abilities, oral health and nutritional status were analysed in this study. METHODS Forty-five adult participants with intellectual disabilities were included. Anthropometric measurements, oral health assessments, chewing ability evaluations and dietary intake analyses were conducted. RESULTS A 56.8% of the participants were classified as overweight or obese. Teeth grinding was reported in 33.3% of the participants, while 40.0% experienced drooling. All participants with Down syndrome and 58.6% of the participants with developmental delay had chewing difficulties. Inadequate nutrient intake was observed and the fibre, vitamins B1, B3, B9, sodium, phosphorus and iron intakes were significantly lower than reference values in those with chewing difficulty (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS Chewing difficulties were associated with lower intake of certain nutrients, highlighting the importance of addressing oral health and dietary counselling in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Hümeyra İslamoğlu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Marmara University, Faculty of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Gülcan Berkel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Clinical Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Hatice Selin Yildirim
- Department of Periodontics, Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Clinical Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Şule Aktaç
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Marmara University, Faculty of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ferit Bayram
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Clinical Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Güleren Sabuncular
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Marmara University, Faculty of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Fatma Esra Güneş
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, İstanbul Medeniyet University, Faculty of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye
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Estrada-Moya F, González-Garay AG, Flores-López A, Serralde-Zúñiga AE. Total and segmental phase angle in a cohort of hospitalised patients with COVID-19: mortality prediction and changes throughout hospitalisation. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1397-1404. [PMID: 38149452 PMCID: PMC10950452 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523002994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Body composition and phase angle (PhA) have been used to predict mortality in multiple diseases. However, little has been studied regarding segmental measurements, which could potentially help assess subtle changes in specific tissue segments. This study aimed to identify the total PhA cut-off point associated with mortality risk and changes in body composition within a week of hospitalisation in non-critical hospitalised patients with COVID-19. A cohort study was conducted where patients underwent to a complete nutritional assessment upon admission and after seven days, and followed up until hospital discharge or death. A receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed to determine the PhA cut-off point, and the Kaplan–Meier estimator was used to determine survival analysis. Segmental and complete body compositions on admission and after 7 d were compared. We included 110 patients (60 men) with a mean age of 50·5 ± 15·0 years and a median BMI of 28·5 (IQR, 25·6–33·5) kg/m2. The median length of hospital stay was 6 (IQR, 4–9) d, and the mortality rate was 13·6 %. The PhA cut-off point obtained was 4°, with significant differences in the survival rate (P < 0·001) and mortality (HR = 5·81, 95 % CI: 1·80, 18·67, P = 0·003). Segmental and whole-body compositions were negatively affected within one week of hospitalisation, with changes in the approach by the graphical method in both sexes. Nutritional status deteriorates within a week of hospitalisation. PhA < 4° is strongly associated with increased mortality in non-critical hospitalised patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Estrada-Moya
- Servicio de Nutriología Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Politécnico Nacional “Escuela Superior de Medicina”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Adriana Flores-López
- Servicio de Nutriología Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Aurora E. Serralde-Zúñiga
- Servicio de Nutriología Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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31
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Bandoni DH, Ottoni IC, Amorim ALB, Canella DS. It is time: free meals at schools for all. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1447-1451. [PMID: 38012852 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523002660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The link between school feeding programmes (SFP) and the promotion of healthy eating and health is being explored in studies performed in different countries. The coronavirus disease-19 pandemic has revealed flaws and weaknesses in contemporary food systems, with many school-age children experiencing food insecurity and hunger. There is intense debate among policymakers regarding whether government SFP should be universal or targeted. Countries such as Brazil and India, which have two of the most comprehensive universal free-of-charge programmes, have shown the benefits of SFP, including improved nutritional status, support for more sustainable food systems, attendance and academic performance. Evidence shows and supports actions advocating that it is time to offer healthy and free school meals for all students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Henrique Bandoni
- Nutrition and Food Service Research Center, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Laura Benevenuto Amorim
- Nutrition and Food Service Research Center, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, Brazil
- Metropolitan University of Santos, Santos, Brazil
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32
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Harris E. Study: Nearly 1 in 4 Families With Older Adults Has Food Insecurity. JAMA 2024; 331:1265. [PMID: 38517432 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2024.2089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
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Zhao X, Meng L, Wang D, Shi J, Wu W, Fan G, Shi H, Dong J, Yu P, Yang R. Targeted metabolomic profiles of serum amino acids are independently correlated with malnutrition in older adults. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:341. [PMID: 38622502 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04937-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malnutrition is a common geriatric syndrome that is closely associated with adverse clinical outcomes and poses significant harm to older adults. Early assessment of nutritional status plays a crucial role in preventing and intervening in cases of malnutrition. However, there is currently a lack of measurable methods and biomarkers to evaluate malnutrition in older adults accurately. The aim of this study is to investigate the independent correlation between serum levels of amino acids and malnutrition in older adults, and to identify effective metabolomics biomarkers that can aid in the early detection of geriatric malnutrition. METHODS A total of 254 geriatric medical examination participants from Beijing Hospital were included in the study, consisting of 182 individuals with normal nutritional status (Normal group) and 72 patients at risk of malnutrition or already malnourished (MN group). Malnutrition was assessed using the Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF). Demographic data were collected, and muscle-related and lipid indexes were determined. Serum amino acid concentrations were measured using isotope dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The correlation between serum amino acid levels and malnutrition was analyzed using non-parametric tests, partial correlation analysis, linear regression, and logistic regression. RESULTS The geriatric MN group exhibited significantly lower serum aromatic amino acid levels (P < 0.05) compared to the normal group. A positive correlation was observed between serum aromatic amino acid levels and the MNA-SF score (P = 0.002), as well as with known biomarkers of malnutrition such as body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.001) and hemoglobin (HGB) (P = 0.005). Multivariable logistic or linear regression analyses showed that aromatic amino acid levels were negatively correlated with MN and positively correlated with the MNA-SF score, after adjusting for some confounding factors, such as age, gender, BMI, smoking status, history of dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus and frailty. Stratified analyses revealed that these trends were more pronounced in individuals without a history of frailty compared to those with a history of frailty, and there was an interaction between aromatic amino acid levels and frailty history (P = 0.004). CONCLUSION Our study suggests that serum aromatic amino acids are independently associated with malnutrition in older adults. These results have important implications for identifying potential biomarkers to predict geriatric malnutrition or monitor its progression and severity, as malnutrition can result in poor clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Li Meng
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Daguang Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbin Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqing Fan
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Shi
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Pulin Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, 100730, Beijing, China.
| | - Ruiyue Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, 100730, Beijing, China.
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Hansen MC, Uhrenfeldt L, Ingstad K, Pedersen PU. Educational nutritional intervention to prevent loss of health-related quality of life among older adults after a surgical treatment: design of a randomised controlled trial. Trials 2024; 25:262. [PMID: 38622729 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-024-08096-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disease-related malnutrition after a hospital stay has major consequences for older adults, the healthcare system and society. This study aims to develop and test the effectiveness of an educational video to prevent loss of health-related quality of life among live-at-home older adults after surgical treatment in a hospital. METHOD This randomised controlled trial will occur at a regional hospital in Norway. Participants will be live-at-home adults aged 65 years and older. They will be recruited from three different surgical departments after a surgical procedure. Individuals with a body mass index below 24 and a home address in one of nine selected municipalities will be eligible for inclusion. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group. Those assigned to the intervention group will obtain access to a 6-min educational video 5 days after being discharged from the hospital. The control group will not obtain access to the video. The primary outcome will be health-related quality of life using the Norwegian Rand 36-Item Short Form Health Survey. Furthermore, we will measure body composition, number of readmissions and nutritional knowledge at inclusion and 3-month follow-up. DISCUSSION This randomised controlled trial is expected to provide insight into whether an educational video can improve the nutritional status of older adults following a surgical procedure and discharge from the hospital. The findings will be useful for assessing how videos offering nutritional advice to older adults who have undergone a surgical procedure can improve their health-related quality of life, reduce loss of function, prevent readmission to hospital and reduce healthcare costs. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05950373. Registered on 11 July 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisbeth Uhrenfeldt
- Institute for Regional Health Research, Southern Danish University, Ortopedic dep., Lillebaelt University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kari Ingstad
- Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, Levanger, Norway
| | - Preben U Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Centre of Clinical Guidelines, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Kakwangire P, Atukunda P, Ngari M, Westerberg AC, Iversen PO, Muhoozi G. Long-term effects on depressive symptoms among Ugandan mothers - Findings from a follow-up of a cluster-randomized education trial in a rural low-resource setting. J Affect Disord 2024; 351:598-606. [PMID: 38307132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Depression is increasingly affecting mothers in poor countries such as Uganda. Various interventions have been implemented to tackle this problem, but their sustainability is under-researched. Here we present follow-up data on maternal depression six years after a cluster-randomized controlled maternal education trial in rural Uganda. METHODS The intervention lasted six months and consisted of nutrition, hygiene, sanitation and child stimulation education, delivered to 511 mothers of 6 to 8 months' old children. Six years later we assessed maternal depressive symptoms using two psychometric tools; the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CESD). RESULTS For this follow-up study, data was available from 307/511 (60 %) mothers. Intention-to-treat analyses adjusting for clustering showed that the intervention mothers had non-significantly less depression symptoms (absolute score difference - 2; 95 % CI -5 to 0; p = 0.07) on BDI-II, and borderline significantly less depression symptoms (absolute score difference - 3; 95 % CI -5 to 0; p = 0.05) on CES-D compared to the controls. For categorized depression scores, the control mothers had significantly higher proportion of women classified in the worse depression categories for both BDI-II and CESD. We did not find any baseline characteristics associated with maternal depression. LIMITATIONS The BDI-II and CES-D tools are both self-reported and we cannot rule out the possibility of social desirability bias in reporting of depression symptoms. CONCLUSION Six years after the maternal education trial, some benefits on maternal mental health were sustained. More studies are warranted on sustainability and scale-up of such interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Kakwangire
- Department of Nutrition, IMB, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Prudence Atukunda
- Center for Crisis Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Moses Ngari
- KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya and Department of Public Health, School of Health & Human Sciences, Pwani University, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Ane C Westerberg
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Oslo, Norway
| | - Per O Iversen
- Department of Nutrition, IMB, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Division of Human Nutrition, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Grace Muhoozi
- Department of Family Life and Consumer Studies (Home Economics), Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda.
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Azargoonjahromi A. A systematic review of the association between zinc and anxiety. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:612-621. [PMID: 37364014 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT The incidence of anxiety, which stems from both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, has been increasing worldwide. Various methods by which it can be treated or prevented have been reported thus far. One of the most popular and effective treatments is supplementation therapy. Zinc, which is an essential nutrient found in various plants, animal foods, and supplements, has been shown to be a potential nutrient in anxiety reduction by acting on γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamatergic, serotonergic, neurogenesis, and immune systems. It can also influence important receptors, such as GPR39. Thus, zinc has received considerable attention with respect to its potential role as a therapeutic or detrimental factor for anxiety; yet, the available evidence needs to be analyzed systematically to reach a convergent conclusion. OBJECTIVE The objective was to systematically review any potential connection between adult human anxiety and zinc intake. DATA SOURCES AND EXTRACTION Nine original human studies, of which 2 assessed the relationship between zinc consumption and anxiety (based on a questionnaire) and 7 assessed the relationship between serum zinc levels and anxiety, were included based on specific selection criteria. Studies that had been written in English and published in peer-reviewed publications with no restrictions on the date of publication were searched in the Google Scholar and PubMed databases. This project was also reported according to the PRISMA guidelines. DATA ANALYSIS As per the studies analyzed in this review, there was a noticeable relationship between serum zinc levels and anxiety, which means that patients with anxiety have lower levels of zinc in their serum, as compared with healthy individuals. Furthermore, zinc consumption was inversely associated with anxiety. CONCLUSION The results provide plausible evidence for the positive role of zinc in the treatment of patients afflicted with anxiety, albeit with some limitations.
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Sebai I, Deaconu A, Mobetty F, Nardocci M, Ing A, Batal M. Measurement of diet quality among First Nations peoples in Canada and associations with health: a scoping review. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:695-708. [PMID: 37421656 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the increasing number and the diversity of dietary quality indices used for research, and the differences between settings, there is a need to identify valid indices of dietary quality in different contexts and populations and to identify their associations with health-related outcomes. OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this scoping review is to identify the tools used in determining dietary quality among First Nations and to describe the changes in diet. The second objective is to describe the associations identified in studies that have measured the relationship between health and dietary quality among First Nations; and the third objective is to identify factors associated with diet quality. METHODS PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Global Health, and Web of Science were searched from inception to June 2021 and updated in February 2022. Articles were included if the research subjects were First Nations, or if articles reported disaggregated subset data for First Nations. Eligible studies focused on nutrition and diet and were published in English or French. RESULTS A total of 151 articles were included in the analysis. Studies used several indicators to measure if individuals adhered to dietary guidelines. Traditional food consumption was frequently used as an indicator of diet quality (n = 96). The consumption of store-bought foods was used as an indicator in 28 studies. Some studies used other diet quality indicators such as the Healthy Eating Index (n = 5) and ultra-processed food "NOVA" classification (n = 6). A trend for decreasing traditional food intake over time was apparent, alongside an increase in store-bought food intake. This trend was accompanied with declining health status, including the increased prevalence of overweight and obesity, diabetes, metabolic diseases, and dental caries. CONCLUSION This scoping review showed that diet quality among First Nations is improved when traditional foods are consumed. Reduced diet quality was associated with increased risk of noncommunicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Sebai
- Canada Research Chair in Nutrition and Health Inequalities (CIENS), Montreal, Canada
- TRANSNUT, Département de Nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique, Université de Montréal et CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ana Deaconu
- Canada Research Chair in Nutrition and Health Inequalities (CIENS), Montreal, Canada
- TRANSNUT, Département de Nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Fabrice Mobetty
- Canada Research Chair in Nutrition and Health Inequalities (CIENS), Montreal, Canada
- TRANSNUT, Département de Nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique, Université de Montréal et CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Milena Nardocci
- Canada Research Chair in Nutrition and Health Inequalities (CIENS), Montreal, Canada
- TRANSNUT, Département de Nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Amy Ing
- Canada Research Chair in Nutrition and Health Inequalities (CIENS), Montreal, Canada
- TRANSNUT, Département de Nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Malek Batal
- Canada Research Chair in Nutrition and Health Inequalities (CIENS), Montreal, Canada
- TRANSNUT, Département de Nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique, Université de Montréal et CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Canada
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Mori M, Doi T, Murata M, Moriyama Y, Akino K, Moriyama T, Maekawa T, Doi N. Impact of Nutritional Status on Antibody Titer After Booster mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Among Elderly Adults in Japan. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:1035-1040. [PMID: 37962870 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Published studies on mRNA coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine effects focus on younger individuals, comprising the majority of the workforce. Studies in elderly adults are sparse. METHODS In total, 107 subjects were recruited (median age 78; interquartile range [IQR], 58.5-90.5; range, 35-105 years). Factors associated with antibody titer after the third mRNA COVID-19 vaccination were compared between 49 elderly (age ≥80; median, 94; IQR, 86-97; range, 80-105 years) and 58 younger (age ≤79; median, 61; IQR, 46-71; range, 35-79 years) adults. RESULTS Among body mass index (BMI) categories, the group of underweight elderly adults had a lower antibody titer compared to those with normal weight (P < .01 after 1, 3, and 5 months). Elderly adults were less likely to maintain effective antibody titer (≥4160 AU/mL) compared to younger adults: 76% versus 98%, P < .001 after 1 month, and 45% versus 78%, P < .001 after 3 months. Elderly adults who maintained effective antibody titer for 5 months had a higher BMI (22.9 kg/m2 vs 20.1 kg/m2, P = .02), and were less likely to have underweight BMI (0% vs 31%, P = .02) compared to the subjects who failed to maintain effective antibody titer. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight the impact of nutritional status and the deleterious effect of underweight BMI on antibody titer and its maintenance among elderly adults following booster mRNA COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Mori
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sasebo Memorial Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takashi Doi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Yourouikuseikai, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Miho Murata
- Department of Nursing, Yourouikuseikai, Nagasaki, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Takafumi Maekawa
- Department of Surgery, Sasebo Memorial Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Fukuoka Central Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nobumasa Doi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yourouikuseikai, Nagasaki, Japan
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Xu Z, Xu X, Sun L, Guo Z, Lai J, Kang L, Li J. Effectiveness of personalized meal recommendation in improving dietary behaviors of Chinese community-dwelling elders: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial. Trials 2024; 25:252. [PMID: 38605376 PMCID: PMC11007920 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07865-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inappropriate eating behaviors, particularly a lack of food diversity and poor diet quality, have a significant impact on the prognosis of certain chronic conditions and exacerbate these conditions in the community-dwelling elderly population. Current dietary interventions for the elderly have not adequately considered the nutritional needs associated with multiple chronic conditions and personal dietary preferences of elderly individuals. A personalized recommendation system has been recognized as a promising approach to address this gap. However, its effectiveness as a component of an elderly-targeted dietary intervention in real-world settings remains unknown. Additionally, it is unclear whether this intervention approach will be user-friendly for the elderly. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effectiveness of a personalized meal recommendation system designed to improve dietary behavior in community-dwelling elders. The implementation process in terms of System usability and satisfaction will also be assessed. METHODS The trial has been designed as a 6-month, non-blinded, parallel two-arm trial. One hundred fifty community-dwelling elders who meet the eligibility criteria will be enrolled. Subjects will be allocated to either the intervention group, receiving personalized meal recommendations and access to corresponding food provided as one component of the intervention, as well as health education on elder nutrition topics, or the control group, which will receive nutritional health education lectures. Outcomes will be measured at three time points: baseline at 0 months, 3 months, and 6 months. The primary outcomes will include dietary diversity (DDS) and diet quality (CDGI-E) of enrolled community-dwelling elders, representing their dietary behavior improvement, along with dietary behavior adherence to recommended meals. Secondary outcomes will measure the perceived acceptability and usability of the personalized meal recommendation system for the intervention group. Exploratory outcomes will include changes in the nutritional status and anthropometric measurements of the community-dwelling elders. DISCUSSION This study aims to examine the effectiveness, acceptability, and usability of a personalized meal recommendation system as a data-driven dietary intervention to benefit community-dwelling elders. The successful implementation will inform the future development and integration of digital health strategies in daily nutrition support for the elderly. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2300074912. Registered on August 20, 2023, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=127583.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zidu Xu
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 3rd Yabao Road, Beijing, 100020, Chaoyang District, China.
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 3rd Yabao Road, Beijing, 100020, Chaoyang District, China
| | - Lianglong Sun
- Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 3rd Yabao Road, Beijing, 100020, Chaoyang District, China
| | - Zhen Guo
- Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 3rd Yabao Road, Beijing, 100020, Chaoyang District, China
| | - Jianqiang Lai
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Kang
- Department of Geriatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 3rd Yabao Road, Beijing, 100020, Chaoyang District, China.
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Lee CD, Hardin CC, Longo DL, Ingelfinger JR. Nutrition in Medicine - A New Review Article Series. N Engl J Med 2024; 390:1324-1325. [PMID: 38598799 DOI: 10.1056/nejme2313282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Clement D Lee
- From Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, and the Department of Hospital and Pediatrics, Newton-Wellesley Hospital, Newton, MA (C.D.L.)
| | - C Corey Hardin
- From Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, and the Department of Hospital and Pediatrics, Newton-Wellesley Hospital, Newton, MA (C.D.L.)
| | - Dan L Longo
- From Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, and the Department of Hospital and Pediatrics, Newton-Wellesley Hospital, Newton, MA (C.D.L.)
| | - Julie R Ingelfinger
- From Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, and the Department of Hospital and Pediatrics, Newton-Wellesley Hospital, Newton, MA (C.D.L.)
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Conti MV, Itani L, Beretta A, Bono E, Yaghi K, Filosa A, Monti C, Cena H. An overview about nutritional status of childbearing age women, children and adolescents, living in rural areas of Madagascar: preliminary results of the Tany Vao project - CORRIGENDUM. Public Health Nutr 2024; 27:e102. [PMID: 38602139 PMCID: PMC11010061 DOI: 10.1017/s136898002400079x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
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Sowerbutts AM, Burden S, Sremanakova J, French C, Knight SR, Harrison EM. Preoperative nutrition therapy in people undergoing gastrointestinal surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2024; 4:CD008879. [PMID: 38588454 PMCID: PMC11001290 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd008879.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor preoperative nutritional status has been consistently linked to an increase in postoperative complications and worse surgical outcomes. We updated a review first published in 2012. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of preoperative nutritional therapy compared to usual care in people undergoing gastrointestinal surgery. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, Embase, three other databases and two trial registries on 28 March 2023. We searched reference lists of included studies. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of people undergoing gastrointestinal surgery and receiving preoperative nutritional therapy, including parenteral nutrition, enteral nutrition or oral nutrition supplements, compared to usual care. We only included nutritional therapy that contained macronutrients (protein, carbohydrate and fat) and micronutrients, and excluded studies that evaluated single nutrients. We included studies regardless of the nutritional status of participants, that is, well-nourished participants, participants at risk of malnutrition, or mixed populations. We excluded studies in people undergoing pancreatic and liver surgery. Our primary outcomes were non-infectious complications, infectious complications and length of hospital stay. Our secondary outcomes were nutritional aspects, quality of life, change in macronutrient intake, biochemical parameters, 30-day perioperative mortality and adverse effects. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard Cochrane methodology. We assessed risk of bias using the RoB 1 tool and applied the GRADE criteria to assess the certainty of evidence. MAIN RESULTS We included 16 RCTs reporting 19 comparisons (2164 participants). Seven studies were new for this update. Participants' ages ranged from 21 to 79 years, and 62% were men. Three RCTs used parenteral nutrition, two used enteral nutrition, eight used immune-enhancing nutrition and six used standard oral nutrition supplements. All studies included mixed groups of well-nourished and malnourished participants; they used different methods to identify malnutrition and reported this in different ways. Not all the included studies were conducted within an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) programme, which is now current clinical practice in most hospitals undertaking GI surgery. We were concerned about risk of bias in all the studies and 14 studies were at high risk of bias due to lack of blinding. We are uncertain if parenteral nutrition has any effect on the number of participants who had a non-infectious complication (risk ratio (RR) 0.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.36 to 1.02; 3 RCTs, 260 participants; very low-certainty evidence); infectious complication (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.53 to 1.80; 3 RCTs, 260 participants; very low-certainty evidence) or length of hospital stay (mean difference (MD) 5.49 days, 95% CI 0.02 to 10.96; 2 RCTs, 135 participants; very low-certainty evidence). None of the enteral nutrition studies reported non-infectious complications as an outcome. The evidence is very uncertain about the effect of enteral nutrition on the number of participants with infectious complications after surgery (RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.59 to 1.38; 2 RCTs, 126 participants; very low-certainty evidence) or length of hospital stay (MD 5.10 days, 95% CI -1.03 to 11.23; 2 RCTs, 126 participants; very low-certainty evidence). Immune-enhancing nutrition compared to controls may result in little to no effect on the number of participants experiencing a non-infectious complication (RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.62 to 1.00; 8 RCTs, 1020 participants; low-certainty evidence), infectious complications (RR 0.74, 95% CI 0.53 to 1.04; 7 RCTs, 925 participants; low-certainty evidence) or length of hospital stay (MD -1.22 days, 95% CI -2.80 to 0.35; 6 RCTs, 688 participants; low-certainty evidence). Standard oral nutrition supplements may result in little to no effect on number of participants with a non-infectious complication (RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.20; 5 RCTs, 473 participants; low-certainty evidence) or the length of hospital stay (MD -0.65 days, 95% CI -2.33 to 1.03; 3 RCTs, 299 participants; low-certainty evidence). The evidence is very uncertain about the effect of oral nutrition supplements on the number of participants with an infectious complication (RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.60 to 1.27; 5 RCTs, 473 participants; very low-certainty evidence). Sensitivity analysis based on malnourished and weight-losing participants found oral nutrition supplements may result in a slight reduction in infections (RR 0.58, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.85; 2 RCTs, 184 participants). Studies reported some secondary outcomes, but not consistently. Complications associated with central venous catheters occurred in RCTs involving parenteral nutrition. Adverse events in the enteral nutrition, immune-enhancing nutrition and standard oral nutrition supplements RCTs included nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and abdominal pain. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS We were unable to determine if parenteral nutrition, enteral nutrition, immune-enhancing nutrition or standard oral nutrition supplements have any effect on the clinical outcomes due to very low-certainty evidence. There is some evidence that standard oral nutrition supplements may have no effect on complications. Sensitivity analysis showed standard oral nutrition supplements probably reduced infections in weight-losing or malnourished participants. Further high-quality multicentre research considering the ERAS programme is required and further research in low- and middle-income countries is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Marie Sowerbutts
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Sorrel Burden
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Jana Sremanakova
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Chloe French
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Stephen R Knight
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ewen M Harrison
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Czinege M, Halațiu VB, Nyulas V, Cojocariu LO, Ion B, Mașca V, Țolescu C, Benedek T. Nutritional Status and Recurrent Major Cardiovascular Events Following Acute Myocardial Infarction-A Follow-Up Study in a Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Center. Nutrients 2024; 16:1088. [PMID: 38613121 PMCID: PMC11013633 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myocardial infarction is often accompanied by malnutrition, which is associated with an imbalance between catabolic and anabolic processes. This ultimately leads to cardiac cachexia, which worsens the patient's prognosis. We aimed to assess the correlation between nutritional status, assessed using the controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score, and the rate of major cardiovascular adverse events (MACE). METHODS The present investigation was a non-randomized, prospective, observational study in which 108 patients with acute myocardial infarction were included. Nutritional status was assessed using the CONUT score. Based on the CONUT score, the patients were divided as follows: Group 1-normal or mild nutritional status (CONUT < 3 points, n = 76), and Group 2-moderate to severe nutritional deficiency (CONUT ≥ 3 points, n = 32). Demographic, echocardiographic, and laboratory parameters were obtained for all patients, as well as the MACE rate at 1 and 3 months of follow-up. RESULTS The MACE occurred more frequently in patients with impaired nutritional status at both 1-month follow-up (46.9% versus 9.2%; p < 0.0001) and 3-month follow-up (68.8% versus 10.5%; p < 0.0001). In terms of cardiovascular events, patients with poor nutritional status, with a CONUT score ≥ 3, presented more frequent non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke, revascularization procedure, and ventricular arrhythmia. Also, the number of cardiovascular deaths was higher in the undernourished group. CONCLUSIONS This study found that patients with poor nutritional status experienced inflammatory status, frailty, and cardiovascular events more often than those with normal nutritional status at 1-month and 3-month follow-up after an acute myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Czinege
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (M.C.); (B.I.); (V.M.)
| | - Vasile-Bogdan Halațiu
- Department of Physiology, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania
- Clinic of Cardiology, County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (L.-O.C.); (C.Ț.)
| | - Victoria Nyulas
- Department of Informatics and Medical Biostatistics, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania;
| | - Liliana-Oana Cojocariu
- Clinic of Cardiology, County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (L.-O.C.); (C.Ț.)
| | - Bianca Ion
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (M.C.); (B.I.); (V.M.)
| | - Violeta Mașca
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (M.C.); (B.I.); (V.M.)
- Clinic of Cardiology, County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (L.-O.C.); (C.Ț.)
| | - Constantin Țolescu
- Clinic of Cardiology, County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (L.-O.C.); (C.Ț.)
| | - Theodora Benedek
- Department of Cardiology, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania;
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Csomós Á, Klicsu L, László I, Bobek I, Sárkány Á, Gál B. [Artificial nutrition in intensive care: Hungarian results of the EuroPN study]. Orv Hetil 2024; 165:531-537. [PMID: 38583139 DOI: 10.1556/650.2024.33017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Bevezetés: A kritikus állapotú betegek mesterséges táplálásának
jelentősége jól ismert, hiányában a folyamatos fehérjelebontás miatt romlik a
sebgyógyulás, valamint emelkedik a lélegeztetőgépen töltött napok száma.
Célkitűzés: A korábban publikált EuroPN nemzetközi
vizsgálat célja az volt, hogy európai összehasonlításban felmérje a részt vevő
intenzív osztályok aktuális táplálási gyakorlatát, és megvizsgálja a kalória-,
illetve fehérjebevitel hatását a lélegeztetőgépről való leszoktatásban és a 90
napos halálozásban. A jelen kézirat a vizsgálatban részt vevő magyarországi
osztályok eredményeit elemzi. Módszer: Vizsgálatunkba azokat a
betegeket vontuk be, akiket legalább 5 napja kezeltek az intenzív osztályon. A
klinikai és a táplálási adatokat napokra bontva gyűjtöttük az intenzív osztályos
felvételt követő első 5 napban retrospektíven, majd azt követően maximum 15
napon át (vagy az elbocsátás/elhalálozás napjáig) prospektíven. A
betegkimeneteli adatokat a 15., a 30. és a 90. napon rögzítettük.
Eredmények: Magyarországról 6 intenzív osztályról összesen
111 beteget vontunk be a vizsgálatba. A kumulatív kalória- és fehérjebevitel
tekintetében a magyarországi betegek nagyobb arányban kapták meg az
ESPEN-célértékeket: kalória esetében az előírt kalória 92%-át (95% CI 68; 118)
sikerült biztosítani (vs. 83% Európában [95% CI 59; 107]);
fehérje esetében pedig még jelentősebb a különbség: Magyarországon 83% (95%CI
57; 121), ezzel szemben Európában 65% (95% CI 41; 91) volt a bevitel és az
ESPEN-célérték aránya. Megbeszélés és következtetés: A
nemzetközi EuroPN-adatelemzésben a nagyobb kumulatív kalória- és fehérjebevitel
csökkentette a lélegeztetőgépről való leszoktatás időtartamát. A magyarországi
betegek esetében gyorsabban értük el ezeket a célértékeket, köszönhetően annak,
hogy a kiegészítő parenteralis táplálást nagyobb arányban alkalmaztuk. Orv
Hetil. 2024; 165(14): 531–537.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ákos Csomós
- 1 Észak-pesti Centrumkórház - Honvédkórház, Központi Aneszteziológiai és Intenzív Terápiás Osztály Budapest, Róbert K. krt. 44., 1134 Magyarország
| | - László Klicsu
- 2 Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg Vármegyei Oktatókórház, Nyíregyházi Jósa András Tagkórház, Aneszteziológiai és Intenzív Terápiás Osztály Nyíregyháza Magyarország
| | - István László
- 3 Debreceni Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Klinikai Központ, Aneszteziológiai és Intenzív Terápiás Klinika Debrecen Magyarország
| | - Ilona Bobek
- 4 Dél-pesti Centrumkórház, Központi Aneszteziológiai és Intenzív Betegellátó Osztály Budapest Magyarország
| | - Ágnes Sárkány
- 5 Fejér Vármegyei Szent György Egyetemi Oktató Kórház, Központi Aneszteziológiai és Intenzív Betegellátó Osztály Székesfehérvár Magyarország
| | - Béla Gál
- 6 Veszprém Vármegyei Csolnoky Ferenc Kórház, Központi Aneszteziológiai és Intenzív Terápiás Osztály Veszprém Magyarország
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Theodore Armand TP, Nfor KA, Kim JI, Kim HC. Applications of Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning in Nutrition: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1073. [PMID: 38613106 PMCID: PMC11013624 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In industry 4.0, where the automation and digitalization of entities and processes are fundamental, artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly becoming a pivotal tool offering innovative solutions in various domains. In this context, nutrition, a critical aspect of public health, is no exception to the fields influenced by the integration of AI technology. This study aims to comprehensively investigate the current landscape of AI in nutrition, providing a deep understanding of the potential of AI, machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL) in nutrition sciences and highlighting eventual challenges and futuristic directions. A hybrid approach from the systematic literature review (SLR) guidelines and the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was adopted to systematically analyze the scientific literature from a search of major databases on artificial intelligence in nutrition sciences. A rigorous study selection was conducted using the most appropriate eligibility criteria, followed by a methodological quality assessment ensuring the robustness of the included studies. This review identifies several AI applications in nutrition, spanning smart and personalized nutrition, dietary assessment, food recognition and tracking, predictive modeling for disease prevention, and disease diagnosis and monitoring. The selected studies demonstrated the versatility of machine learning and deep learning techniques in handling complex relationships within nutritional datasets. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of AI applications in nutrition sciences and identifies challenges and opportunities. With the rapid advancement in AI, its integration into nutrition holds significant promise to enhance individual nutritional outcomes and optimize dietary recommendations. Researchers, policymakers, and healthcare professionals can utilize this research to design future projects and support evidence-based decision-making in AI for nutrition and dietary guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tagne Poupi Theodore Armand
- Institute of Digital Anti-Aging Healthcare, Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Republic of Korea; (T.P.T.A.); (J.-I.K.)
| | - Kintoh Allen Nfor
- Department of Computer Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jung-In Kim
- Institute of Digital Anti-Aging Healthcare, Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Republic of Korea; (T.P.T.A.); (J.-I.K.)
| | - Hee-Cheol Kim
- Institute of Digital Anti-Aging Healthcare, Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Republic of Korea; (T.P.T.A.); (J.-I.K.)
- Department of Computer Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Republic of Korea;
- College of AI Convergence, u-AHRC, Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Republic of Korea
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Stojanović MZ, Krasić D, Radović P, Trajković M, Ćosić A, Petrović V, Pešić P. Nutritional Status and Quality of Life in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Before and After Surgical Oncological Treatment: A Single-Center Retrospective Study. Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e943844. [PMID: 38581125 PMCID: PMC11005478 DOI: 10.12659/msm.943844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common of head and neck malignancies in well-developed countries. In most cases, patients with OSCC experience a degree of nutritional status disturbances and decreased quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to compare nutritional status and QoL in 51 patients before and after surgery for OSCC. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty-one eligible patients with OSCC were followed during a 3-year period (2019-2022). For all patients, we determined body mass index (BMI), serum albumin (ALB), prognostic nutritional index, and nutritional risk index before and after treatment. Also, all patients completed a standardized QoL questionnaire before and after treatment. The obtained data were compared between the groups by using the t test and multivariate Cox regression. RESULTS The values of BMI and NRI were statistically significantly different between the preoperative and postoperative measurements (24.1 kg/m² vs 21.1 kg/m², and 103 vs 100.1, respectively, P=0.001), while values of ALB and prognostic nutritional index did not differ significantly (41.35 g/L vs 39.1 g/L, and 48.5 vs 46.2, respectively). Dysphagia (P=0.03) and chewing problems (P=0.04) were found to be the 2 most important factors decreasing the QoL of patients. CONCLUSIONS Based on our results, BMI and NRI were the most sensitive parameters of nutritional status. Dysphagia and chewing problems were the 2 most important factors affecting the QoL in patients with OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dragan Krasić
- Department for Maxillofacial Surgery, Clinic of Dentistry, Niš, Serbia
| | - Predrag Radović
- Department for Maxillofacial Surgery, Clinic of Dentistry, Niš, Serbia
| | - Miloš Trajković
- Department for Maxillofacial Surgery, Clinic of Dentistry, Niš, Serbia
| | - Andrija Ćosić
- Department for Maxillofacial Surgery, Clinic of Dentistry, Niš, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Petrović
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Pavle Pešić
- Center for Radiology, University Clinical Center, Niš, Serbia
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Pham Thi Lan A, Truong Thanh A, Luong Ngoc Q, Pham Nhat T, Doan Duy T. Prevalence and factors associated with malnutrition among hemodialysis patients in a single hemodialysis center in Vietnam: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37679. [PMID: 38579083 PMCID: PMC10994475 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition is a common problem among hemodialysis patients that increases morbidity and mortality and decreases the quality of life. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors and survey the consumption of energy and several nutrients among hemodialysis patients. A prospective observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted on 76 patients on hemodialysis therapy at Nguyen Tri Phuong Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, for 2 months (from May to July 2022). Dialysis malnutrition score was used to determine patients' nutritional status. Data about their biochemical parameters were retrieved from records with the newest results. Among the 76 patients, 38 (50.0%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 55.0 ± 13.5 years. Based on the dialysis malnutrition score, 56 (73.7%) patients had mild to moderate malnutrition, while 2 (2.6%) had severe malnutrition. The average energy intake was 21.5 kcal/kg/day, with only 3.9% meeting the recommended intake. The average protein intake was 1.0 g/kg/day, and about 10.5% of participants complied with the recommended protein level. In addition, the majority of patients did not reach the recommendations for sodium (56.6%), potassium (88.2%), phosphate (75.0%), and calcium (82.9%). We found a significant association between patients' occupation (P < .05), dialysis vintage (P < .001), and malnutrition status. Malnutrition is widespread among Vietnamese hemodialysis patients, which necessitates regular assessment and monitoring. We recommend paying more attention to the nutritional status of patients who are unemployed, retired, or stopped working and those with ≥ 5 years of hemodialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Pham Thi Lan
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - An Truong Thanh
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Quynh Luong Ngoc
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Tuan Pham Nhat
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Tan Doan Duy
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
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Kundu RN, Hossain MG, Haque MA, Mahumud RA, Pal M, Bharati P. Burden of undernutrition among under-five Bengali children and its determinants: Findings from Demographic and Health Surveys of Bangladesh and India. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301808. [PMID: 38578746 PMCID: PMC10997093 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, undernutrition is the leading cause of mortality among under-five children. Bangladesh and India were in the top ten countries in the world for under-five mortality. The aim of the study was to investigate the nutritional status of Bengali under-five children. METHODS Data on 25938 under-five children were retrieved from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017-18 (BDHS) and the National Family Health Survey of India 2015-16 (NFHS-4). Stunting, wasting, underweight and thinness were considered to understand the nutritional status of under-five children. Binary logistic regression was used to identify associated factors of undernutrition among children. RESULTS Over one-quarter of Bengali under-five children were found to be suffering from the problem of stunting (31.9%) and underweight (28.1%), while other nutritional indicators raised serious concern and revealed inter-country disparities. In the cases of wasting, underweight and thinness, the mean z-scores and frequency differences between Bangladesh and India were significant. The nutritional status of Bengali under-five children appeared to have improved in Bangladesh compared to India. Child undernutrition had significant relations with maternal undernutrition in both countries. Girls in Bangladesh had slightly better nutritional status than boys. In Bangladesh, lack of formal education among mothers was a leading cause of child undernutrition. Stunting and underweight coexist with low household wealth index in both counties. CONCLUSIONS The research revealed that various factors were associated with child undernutrition in Bengalis. It has been proposed that programmes promoting maternal education and nutrition, along with household wealth index be prioritised. The study recommends that the Governments of Bangladesh and India should increase the budget for health of children so as to reach the sustainable development goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramendra Nath Kundu
- Department of Anthropology, Former Senior Research Fellow (UGC-NET), West Bengal State University, West Bengal, India
| | - Md Golam Hossain
- Department of Statistics, Health Research Group, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ahshanul Haque
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rashidul Alam Mahumud
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Manoranjan Pal
- Indian Statistical Institute, Economic Research Unit, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Premananda Bharati
- Indian Statistical Institute, Biological Anthropology Unit, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Hou TY, Lin YH, Liu YW, Liu YY, Li WF, Kuo MC, Huang SW, Yeh CH, Lin YC, Yin SM. The impact of preoperative nutritional status on postoperative outcomes: an insight from Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index in elderly pancreaticoduodenectomy patients. BMC Surg 2024; 24:100. [PMID: 38580988 PMCID: PMC10996270 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-024-02397-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malnutrition is not uncommon among the elderly undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) and is related to increased complications. Previous studies have shown that the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) predicts outcomes in various populations. Nevertheless, the research exploring the correlation between GNRI and postoperative outcomes in PD is scarce. This study aimed to investigate the preoperative malnutrition, as measured by GNRI, on outcomes in elderly patients undergoing PD. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective analysis enrolled 144 elderly patients underwent PD for periampullary tumors from November 2016 to December 2021. Patients were stratified based on the GNRI value: high/moderate nutrition risk (GNRI ≤ 92, N = 54), low nutrition risk (92 < GNRI ≤ 98, N = 35), and no nutrition risk (GNRI > 98, N = 55). Perioperative outcomes and postoperative surgical complications were compared between these groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on major postoperative complications and prolonged postoperative length of stay (PLOS). RESULTS Patients in the high/moderate risk group were significantly older, with lower BMI (P = 0.012), higher mortality rate (11.1%, P = 0.024), longer PLOS (P < 0.001), and higher incidence of over grade IIIB complications (37.0%, P = 0.001), Univariate and multivariate analyses showed the high/moderate risk GNRI group (OR 3.61, P = 0.032), increased age (OR 1.11, P = 0.014) and operative time over 8 h (OR 3.04, P = 0.027) were significantly associated with increased major postoperative complications. The high/moderate risk GNRI group was also a significant predictor for prolonged PLOS (OR 3.91, P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Preoperative GNRI has the potential to be a predictive tool for identifying high-risk elderly patients and monitoring nutritional status preoperatively to improve postoperative surgical outcomes following PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Yuan Hou
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Song, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hung Lin
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Song, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Wei Liu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Song, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yin Liu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Song, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Feng Li
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Song, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chun Kuo
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Wei Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsi Yeh
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Song, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Lin
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Song, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Min Yin
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Song, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan.
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50
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Chiavarini M, Ricciotti GM, Genga A, Faggi MI, Rinaldi A, Toscano OD, D’Errico MM, Barbadoro P. Malnutrition-Related Health Outcomes in Older Adults with Hip Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2024; 16:1069. [PMID: 38613102 PMCID: PMC11013126 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Hip fracture is a common condition in older adults, leading to disability and mortality. Several studies have demonstrated the association between nutritional status and the risk of a negative health outcome after fractures. In this systematic review, we evaluated the association between malnutrition and mortality, changes in mobility/living arrangements, and postoperative complications, such as delirium, in older patients with hip fractures. A literature search on the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, up to September 2023, was conducted to identify all studies involving older subjects that reported an association between MNA/GNRI/PNI/CONUT and health outcome after hip fracture. Meta-analysis was performed by a random-effects model using risk values (RR, OR, and HR) extracted from the 14 eligible selected studies. Malnutrition significantly increased the risk of any analyzed adverse outcome by 70% at 1 month, and up to 250% at 1 year. Malnutrition significantly increased delirium risk by 275% (OR = 2.75; 95% CI 1.80-4.18; p ≤ 0.05), mortality risk by 342% (OR = 3.42; 95% CI 2.14-5.48; p ≤ 0.05), mortality hazard risk by 351% (HR = 3.51; 95% CI 1.63-7.55; p ≤ 0.05) at 1 month, and transfer-to-more-supported-living-arrangements risk by 218% (OR = 2.18; 95% CI 1.58-3.01; p ≤ 0.05), and declined mobility risk by 41% (OR = 1.41; 95% CI 1.14-1.75; p ≤ 0.05), mortality risk by 368% (OR = 3.68; 95% CI 3.00-4.52; p ≤ 0.05), and mortality hazard risk by 234% (HR = 2.34; 95% CI 1.91-2.87; p ≤ 0.05) at 1 year. Malnutrition of older patients increases the risk of death and worsens mobility and independence after hip fractures. The results of the present study highlight the importance of nutritional status evaluation of older subjects with hip fractures in order to prevent potential adverse outcomes (Registration No: CRD42023468751).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anita Genga
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Section of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (M.C.); (G.M.R.); (M.I.F.); (A.R.); (O.D.T.); (M.M.D.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Pamela Barbadoro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Section of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (M.C.); (G.M.R.); (M.I.F.); (A.R.); (O.D.T.); (M.M.D.)
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