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Gerber L, Resseguier J, Helle-Valle T, Farhat E, Nilsson GE, Lefevre S. Expression of prolyl hydroxylase domains, the upstream regulators of HIF, in the brain of the anoxia-tolerant crucian carp during anoxia-reoxygenation. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2024; 326:R184-R195. [PMID: 38145292 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00211.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
The hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is considered key in the transcriptional response to low oxygen. Yet, the role of HIF in the absence of oxygen (anoxia) and in preparation for reoxygenation remains unclear. Recent studies suggest that mounting a HIF response may be counterproductive for anoxia survival. We here studied one of the champions of anoxia survival, the crucian carp (Carassius carassius), and hypothesized that expression of prolyl hydroxylase domains (PHDs; the upstream regulators of HIF) are upregulated to circumvent an energy-costly activation of HIF in anoxia and to prepare for reoxygenation. We measured whole brain mRNA and protein levels of the three isoforms PHD1, PHD2, and PHD3, coded for by multiple paralogs of the genes egln2, egln1, and egln3, using quantitative PCR and Western blotting in the brain of crucian carps exposed to 5 days normoxia or anoxia, and 5 days anoxia followed by 3 or 24 h of reoxygenation. The mRNA levels of most egln paralogs were increased in anoxia and upon reoxygenation, with egln3 showing the largest increase in mRNA level (up to 17-fold) and highest relative mRNA abundance (up to 75% of expressed egln). The protein level of all PHDs was maintained in anoxia and increased upon reoxygenation. We then explored PHD distribution in different brain regions and found PHD immunoreactivity to be associated with axonal branches and showing region-specific changes during anoxia-reoxygenation. Our results support an overall upregulation of egln under prolonged anoxia and PHDs upon reoxygenation in crucian carp, likely aimed at suppressing HIF responses, although regional differences are apparent in such a complex organ as the brain.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We report a profound upregulation of most egln paralog mRNA levels in anoxia and upon reoxygenation, with egln3ii showing the largest, a 17-fold increase, and highest relative mRNA abundance. The relative abundance of prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) proteins was maintained during anoxia and increased at reoxygenation. PHD immunoreactivity was localized to axonal branches with region-specific changes during anoxia-reoxygenation. These dynamic and regional changes in crucian carp, champion of anoxia tolerance, are most likely adaptive and call for further mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Gerber
- Section for Physiology and Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Julien Resseguier
- Section for Physiology and Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tellef Helle-Valle
- Section for Physiology and Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elie Farhat
- Section for Physiology and Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Göran E Nilsson
- Section for Physiology and Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sjannie Lefevre
- Section for Physiology and Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Xu Y, Xia D, Huang K, Liang M. Hypoxia-induced P4HA1 overexpression promotes post-ischemic angiogenesis by enhancing endothelial glycolysis through downregulating FBP1. J Transl Med 2024; 22:74. [PMID: 38238754 PMCID: PMC10797932 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04872-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis is essential for tissue repair in ischemic diseases, relying on glycolysis as its primary energy source. Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha 1 (P4HA1), the catalytic subunit of collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylase, is a glycolysis-related gene in cancers. However, its role in glycolysis-induced angiogenesis remains unclear. METHODS P4HA1 expression was modulated using adenoviruses. Endothelial angiogenesis was evaluated through 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation, transwell migration, and tube formation assays in vitro. In vivo experiments measured blood flow and capillary density in the hindlimb ischemia (HLI) model. Glycolytic stress assays, glucose uptake, lactate production, and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were employed to assess glycolytic capacity. Transcriptome sequencing, validated by western blotting and RT-PCR, was utilized to determine underlying mechanisms. RESULTS P4HA1 was upregulated in endothelial cells under hypoxia and in the HLI model. P4HA1 overexpression promoted angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo, while its knockdown had the opposite effect. P4HA1 overexpression reduced cellular α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) levels by consuming α-KG during collagen hydroxylation. Downregulation of α-KG reduced the protein level of a DNA dioxygenase, ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2), and its recruitment to the fructose-1,6-biphosphatase (FBP1) promoter, resulting in decreased FBP1 expression. The decrease in FBP1 enhanced glycolytic metabolism, thereby promoting endothelial angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Hypoxia-induced endothelial P4HA1 overexpression enhanced angiogenesis by promoting glycolytic metabolism reprogramming through the P4HA1/α-KG/TET2/FBP1 pathway. The study's findings underscore the significance of P4HA1 in post-ischemic angiogenesis, suggesting its therapeutic potential for post-ischemic tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Xu
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Xia
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Minglu Liang
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Xiang L, Wei H, Ye W, Wu S, Xie G. Prolyl hydroxylase 2 inhibits glycolytic activity in colorectal cancer via the NF‑κB signaling pathway. Int J Oncol 2024; 64:2. [PMID: 37975227 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2023.5590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A variety of malignancies preferentially meet energy demands through the glycolytic pathway. Hypoxia‑induced cancer cell adaptations are essential for tumor development. However, in cancerous glycolysis, the functional importance and underlying molecular mechanism of prolyl hydroxylase domain protein 2 (PHD2) have not been fully elucidated. Gain‑ and loss‑of‑function assays were conducted to evaluate PHD2 functions in colon cancer cells. Glucose uptake, lactate production and intracellular adenosine‑5'‑triphosphate/adenosine diphosphate ratio were measured to determine glycolytic activities. Protein and gene expression levels were measured by western blot analysis and reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, respectively. The human colon cancer xenograft model was used to confirm the role of PHD2 in tumor progression in vivo. Functionally, the data demonstrated that PHD2 knockdown leads to increased glycolysis, while PHD2 overexpression resulted in suppressed glycolysis in colorectal cancer cells. In addition, the glycolytic activity was enhanced without PHD2 and normalized after PHD2 reconstitution. PHD2 was shown to inhibit colorectal tumor growth, suppress cancer cell proliferation and improve tumor‑bearing mice survival in vivo. Mechanically, it was found that PHD2 inhibits the expression of critical glycolytic enzymes (glucose transporter 1, hexokinase 2 and phosphoinositide‑dependent protein kinase 1). In addition, PHD2 inhibited Ikkβ‑mediated NF‑κB activation in a hypoxia‑inducible factor‑1α‑independent manner. In conclusion, the data demonstrated that PHD2/Ikkβ/NF‑κB signaling has critical roles in regulating glycolysis and suggests that PHD2 potentially suppresses colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Xiang
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment and Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wei
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment and Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Wentao Ye
- West China Medical School, West China Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Ganfeng Xie
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
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Moreton N, Puzio M, McCormack J, O'Connor JJ. The effects of prolyl hydroxylase inhibition during and post, hypoxia, oxygen glucose deprivation and oxidative stress, in isolated rat hippocampal slices. Brain Res Bull 2023; 205:110822. [PMID: 37984622 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The contributions of hypoxia and oxidative stress to the pathophysiology of acute ischemic stroke are well established and can lead to disruptions in synaptic signaling. Hypoxia and oxidative stress lead to the neurotoxic overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the stabilization of hypoxia inducible factors (HIF). Compounds such as prolyl-4-hydroxylase domain enzyme inhibitors (PHDIs) have been shown to have a preconditioning and neuroprotective effect against ischemic insults such as hypoxia, anoxia, oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) or H2O2. Therefore, this study explored the effects of two PHDIs, JNJ-42041935 (10 µM) and roxadustat (100 µM) on cell viability using organotypic hippocampal slice cultures. We also assessed the effects of these compounds on synaptic transmission during and post hypoxia, OGD and H2O2 application in isolated rat hippocampal slices using field recording electrophysiological techniques and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunit trafficking using immunohistochemistry. Our organotypic data demonstrated a protective role for both inhibitors, where slices had significantly less cell death post anoxia and OGD compared to controls. We also report a distinct modulatory role for both JNJ-42041935 and roxadustat on fEPSP slope post hypoxia and OGD but not H2O2. In addition, we report that application of roxadustat impaired long-term potentiation, but only when applied post-hypoxia. This inhibitory effect was not reversed with co-application of the cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK-5) inhibitor, roscovitine (10 µM), suggesting a CDK-5 independent synaptic AMPAR trafficking mechanism. Both hypoxia and OGD induced a reduction in synaptic AMPA GluA2 subunits, the OGD effect being reversed by prior treatment with both JNJ-42041935 and roxadustat. These results suggest an important role for PHDs in synaptic signaling and plasticity during episodes of ischemic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh Moreton
- UCD School of Biomolecular & Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Martina Puzio
- UCD School of Biomolecular & Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Janet McCormack
- UCD Research Pathology Core, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - John J O'Connor
- UCD School of Biomolecular & Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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Barnes EA, Ito R, Che X, Alvira CM, Cornfield DN. Loss of prolyl hydroxylase 1 and 2 in SM22α-expressing cells prevents Hypoxia-Induced pulmonary hypertension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 325:L741-L755. [PMID: 37847687 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00428.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease characterized by increased vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling. Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) highly express the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), yet the role of PASMC HIF-1α in the development of PAH remains controversial. To study the role of SMC HIF-1α in the pulmonary vascular response to acute and chronic hypoxia, we used a gain-of-function strategy to stabilize HIF-1α in PASMC by generating mice lacking prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) 1 and 2 in SM22α-expressing cells. This strategy increased HIF-1α expression and transcriptional activity under conditions of normoxia and hypoxia. Acute hypoxia increased right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) in control, but not in SM22α-PHD1/2-/- mice. Chronic hypoxia increased RVSP and vascular remodeling more in control SM22α-PHD1/2+/+ than in SM22α-PHD1/2-/- mice. In vitro studies demonstrated increased contractility and myosin light chain phosphorylation in isolated PHD1/2+/+ compared with PHD1/2-/- PASMC under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. After chronic hypoxia, there was more p27 and less vascular remodeling in SM22α-PHD1/2-/- compared with SM22α-PHD1/2+/+ mice. Hypoxia increased p27 in PASMC isolated from control patients, but not in cells from patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). These findings highlight an SM22α-expressing cell-specific role for HIF-1α in the inhibition of pulmonary vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling. Modulating HIF-1α expression in PASMC may represent a promising preventative and therapeutic strategy for patients with PAH.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In a mouse model wherein hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) is stabilized in vascular smooth muscle cells, we found that HIF-1α regulates vasoconstriction by limiting phosphorylation of myosin light chain and regulates vascular remodeling through p27 induction. These findings highlight a cell-specific role for HIF-1α in the inhibition of pulmonary vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Barnes
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States
| | - Reiji Ito
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States
| | - Xibing Che
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States
| | - Cristina M Alvira
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States
| | - David N Cornfield
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States
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Gong Y, Wang R, Ma L, Wang S, Li C, Xu Q. Optimization of trans-4-hydroxyproline synthesis pathway by rearrangement center carbon metabolism in Escherichia coli. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:240. [PMID: 37986164 PMCID: PMC10659092 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02236-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND trans-4-Hydroxyproline (T-4-HYP) is a promising intermediate in the synthesis of antibiotic drugs. However, its industrial production remains challenging due to the low production efficiency of T-4-HYP. This study focused on designing the key nodes of anabolic pathway to enhance carbon flux and minimize carbon loss, thereby maximizing the production potential of microbial cell factories. RESULTS First, a basic strain, HYP-1, was developed by releasing feedback inhibitors and expressing heterologous genes for the production of trans-4-hydroxyproline. Subsequently, the biosynthetic pathway was strengthened while branching pathways were disrupted, resulting in increased metabolic flow of α-ketoglutarate in the Tricarboxylic acid cycle. The introduction of the NOG (non-oxidative glycolysis) pathway rearranged the central carbon metabolism, redirecting glucose towards acetyl-CoA. Furthermore, the supply of NADPH was enhanced to improve the acid production capacity of the strain. Finally, the fermentation process of T-4-HYP was optimized using a continuous feeding method. The rate of sugar supplementation controlled the dissolved oxygen concentrations during fermentation, and Fe2+ was continuously fed to supplement the reduced iron for hydroxylation. These modifications ensured an effective supply of proline hydroxylase cofactors (O2 and Fe2+), enabling efficient production of T-4-HYP in the microbial cell factory system. The strain HYP-10 produced 89.4 g/L of T-4-HYP in a 5 L fermenter, with a total yield of 0.34 g/g, the highest values reported by microbial fermentation, the yield increased by 63.1% compared with the highest existing reported yield. CONCLUSION This study presents a strategy for establishing a microbial cell factory capable of producing T-4-HYP at high levels, making it suitable for large-scale industrial production. Additionally, this study provides valuable insights into regulating synthesis of other compounds with α-ketoglutaric acid as precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gong
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiqi Wang
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Ma
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Wang
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Changgeng Li
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyang Xu
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China.
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Samaan E, Ramadan NM, Abdulaziz HMM, Ibrahim D, El-Sherbiny M, ElBayar R, Ghattas Y, Abdlmalek J, Bayali O, Elhusseini Y, Maghrabia A, El-Gamal R. DPP-4i versus SGLT2i as modulators of PHD3/HIF-2α pathway in the diabetic kidney. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115629. [PMID: 37804810 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Renal hypoxia is one of the currently highlighted pathophysiologic mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Both hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and HIF-2α are major regulators of renal adaptive responses to hypoxia. OBJECTIVES This study aims to compare the effects of vildagliptin (a dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitor, DPP-4i) and empagliflozin (a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, SGLT2i) on the differential expression of renal HIF-1α/2α. Tissue expression of prolylhydroxylase 3 (PHD3), a key regulator of HIF-2α stability, was also highlighted in a diabetic nephropathy rat model. Type 1 diabetes mellitus was induced and diabetic rats were treated with either Vildagliptin or Empagliflozin (10 mg/kg/d each) for 12 weeks. Improvements in the kidney functional and histopathological parameters were addressed and correlated to changes in the renal expression of HIF-1α/2α, and PHD3. Urinary KIM-1 concentration was tested as a correlate to HIF pathway changes. FINDINGS Both vildagliptin- and empagliflozin-treated groups exhibited significant improvement in the functional, pathological, and ultra-structural renal changes induced by chronic diabetes. Compared to the untreated group, renal gene expression of HIF-1α was decreased while that of HIF-2α was increased in both treated groups, with significantly greater effects observed with SGLT2i. Renal PHD3 immune-reactivity was also decreased by both drugs, again with better efficacy for the SGLT2i. Importantly, improvements in the diabetic kidney biochemical and structural biomarkers were significantly correlated to PHD3 reductions and HIF-2α increments. CONCLUSIONS Both DPP-4i and SGLT2i could delay the progression of DN through their differential modulating effects on the PHD3/ HIF-2α pathway with significantly better efficacy for SGLT2i.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad Samaan
- Mansoura Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt
| | - Nehal M Ramadan
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt; Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Horus University in Egypt (HUE), New Damietta, Damietta, Egypt.
| | - Hoda M M Abdulaziz
- Mansoura Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt
| | - Dina Ibrahim
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Sherbiny
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt
| | - Rana ElBayar
- Undergraduate Medical student, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Yasmin Ghattas
- Undergraduate medical student, Mansoura Manchester Program of Medical Education, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Joly Abdlmalek
- Undergraduate medical student, Mansoura Manchester Program of Medical Education, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Omnia Bayali
- Undergraduate medical student, Mansoura Manchester Program of Medical Education, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Aya Maghrabia
- Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt
| | - Randa El-Gamal
- Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Horus University in Egypt (HUE), New Damietta, Damietta, Egypt
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8
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Xiao L, Fang Y, Zhang H, Quan M, Zhou J, Li P, Wang D, Ji L, Ingvarsson PK, Wu HX, El-Kassaby YA, Du Q, Zhang D. Natural variation in the prolyl 4-hydroxylase gene PtoP4H9 contributes to perennial stem growth in Populus. Plant Cell 2023; 35:4046-4065. [PMID: 37522322 PMCID: PMC10615208 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Perennial trees must maintain stem growth throughout their entire lifespan to progressively increase in size as they age. The overarching question of the molecular mechanisms that govern stem perennial growth in trees remains largely unanswered. Here we deciphered the genetic architecture that underlies perennial growth trajectories using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for measures of growth traits across years in a natural population of Populus tomentosa. By analyzing the stem growth trajectory, we identified PtoP4H9, encoding prolyl 4-hydroxylase 9, which is responsible for the natural variation in the growth rate of diameter at breast height (DBH) across years. Quantifying the dynamic genetic contribution of PtoP4H9 loci to stem growth showed that PtoP4H9 played a pivotal role in stem growth regulation. Spatiotemporal expression analysis showed that PtoP4H9 was highly expressed in cambium tissues of poplars of various ages. Overexpression and knockdown of PtoP4H9 revealed that it altered cell expansion to regulate cell wall modification and mechanical characteristics, thereby promoting stem growth in Populus. We showed that natural variation in PtoP4H9 occurred in a BASIC PENTACYSTEINE transcription factor PtoBPC1-binding promoter element controlling PtoP4H9 expression. The geographic distribution of PtoP4H9 allelic variation was consistent with the modes of selection among populations. Altogether, our study provides important genetic insights into dynamic stem growth in Populus, and we confirmed PtoP4H9 as a potential useful marker for breeding or genetic engineering of poplars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xiao
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206,China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083,China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083,China
| | - Yuanyuan Fang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083,China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083,China
| | - He Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871,China
| | - Mingyang Quan
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083,China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083,China
| | - Jiaxuan Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083,China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083,China
| | - Peng Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083,China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083,China
| | - Dan Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083,China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083,China
| | - Li Ji
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083,China
| | - Pär K Ingvarsson
- Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Department of Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7080, SE-750 07 Uppsala,Sweden
| | - Harry X Wu
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, 90183 Umeå,Sweden
| | - Yousry A El-Kassaby
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4,Canada
| | - Qingzhang Du
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083,China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083,China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083,China
| | - Deqiang Zhang
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206,China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083,China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083,China
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9
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Xi J, Ma Y, Liu D, Li R. Astragaloside IV restrains pyroptosis and fibrotic development of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells to ameliorate pulmonary artery hypertension through the PHD2/HIF1α signaling pathway. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:386. [PMID: 37828459 PMCID: PMC10568875 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02660-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astragaloside (AS)-IV, extracted from traditional Chinese medicine Astragalus mongholicus, has been widely used in the anti-inflammatory treatment for cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanism by which AS-IV affects pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) development remains largely unknown. METHODS Monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH model rats were administered with AS-IV, and hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson staining were performed to evaluate the histological change in pulmonary tissues of rats. Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were treated by hypoxia and AS-IV. Pyroptosis and fibrosis were assessed by immunofluorescence, western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS AS-IV treatment alleviated pulmonary artery structural remodeling and pulmonary hypertension progression induced by MCT in rats. AS-IV suppressed the expression of pyroptosis-related markers, the release of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 and fibrosis development in pulmonary tissues of PAH rats and in hypoxic PAMSCs. Interestingly, the expression of prolyl-4-hydroxylase 2 (PHD2) was restored by AS-IV administration in PAH model in vivo and in vitro, while hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) was restrained by AS-IV. Mechanistically, silencing PHD2 reversed the inhibitory effect of AS-IV on pyroptosis, fibrosis trend and pyroptotic necrosis in hypoxia-cultured PASMCs, while the HIF1α inhibitor could prevent these PAH-like phenomena. CONCLUSION Collectively, AS-IV elevates PHD2 expression to alleviate pyroptosis and fibrosis development during PAH through downregulating HIF1α. These findings may provide a better understanding of AS-IV preventing PAH, and the PHD2/HIF1α axis may be a potential anti-pyroptosis target during PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xi
- Outpatient department, Urumqi Youai Hospital, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830063, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Urumqi Youai Hospital, Urumqi, 830063, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Urumqi Youai Hospital, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, No. 3838, Convention and Exhibition Avenue, Midong District, Urumqi, 830063, China.
| | - Dongmei Liu
- Department of Gynaecology, Urumqi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830063, China
| | - Rong Li
- Traditional Chinese Medicine department, Urumqi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830063, China
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10
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Wang L, Liu T, Zheng Y, Zhou J, Hua H, Kong L, Huang W, Peng X, Wen T. P4HA2-induced prolyl hydroxylation of YAP1 restricts vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and neointima formation. Life Sci 2023; 330:122002. [PMID: 37549826 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and neointima formation play significant roles in atherosclerosis development and restenosis following percutaneous coronary intervention. Our team previously discovered that TEA domain transcription factor 1 (TEAD1) promotes vascular smooth muscle differentiation, which is necessary for vascular development. Conversely, aberrant YAP1 activation upregulates the platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta to encourage VSMC proliferation and neointima formation. In this study, we aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of YAP1/TEAD signaling during neointima formation. Our research focused on the prolyl 4-hydroxylase alpha 2 (P4HA2) and its downstream target, Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), in regulating VSMC differentiation and neointima formation. Our results indicated that P4HA2 reduction leads to VSMC dedifferentiation and promotes neointima formation after injury. Furthermore, we found that P4HA2-induced prolyl hydroxylation of YAP1 restricts its transcriptional activity, which is essential to maintaining VSMC differentiation. These findings suggest that targeting P4HA2-mediated prolyl hydroxylation of YAP1 may be a promising therapeutic approach to prevent injury-induced neointima formation in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Hypertension Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Yaofu Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Hypertension Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Jiamin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Hypertension Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Hexiang Hua
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Hypertension Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Liming Kong
- Department of Outpatient clinic, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang, University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Weilin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Hypertension Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Xiaoping Peng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Hypertension Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Tong Wen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Hypertension Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
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11
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Xue Y, Cui A, Wei S, Ma F, Liu Z, Fang X, Huo S, Sun X, Li W, Hu Z, Liu Y, Cai G, Su W, Zhao J, Yan X, Gao C, Wen J, Zhang H, Li H, Liu Y, Lin X, Xu Y, Fu W, Fang J, Li Y. Proline hydroxylation of CREB-regulated transcriptional coactivator 2 controls hepatic glucose metabolism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2219419120. [PMID: 37252972 PMCID: PMC10266032 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2219419120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) enzymes change HIF activity according to oxygen signal; whether it is regulated by other physiological conditions remains largely unknown. Here, we report that PHD3 is induced by fasting and regulates hepatic gluconeogenesis through interaction and hydroxylation of CRTC2. Pro129 and Pro615 hydroxylation of CRTC2 following PHD3 activation is necessary for its association with cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) and nuclear translocation, and enhanced binding to promoters of gluconeogenic genes by fasting or forskolin. CRTC2 hydroxylation-stimulated gluconeogenic gene expression is independent of SIK-mediated phosphorylation of CRTC2. Liver-specific knockout of PHD3 (PHD3 LKO) or prolyl hydroxylase-deficient knockin mice (PHD3 KI) show attenuated fasting gluconeogenic genes, glycemia, and hepatic capacity to produce glucose during fasting or fed with high-fat, high-sucrose diet. Importantly, Pro615 hydroxylation of CRTC2 by PHD3 is increased in livers of fasted mice, diet-induced insulin resistance or genetically obese ob/ob mice, and humans with diabetes. These findings increase our understanding of molecular mechanisms linking protein hydroxylation to gluconeogenesis and may offer therapeutic potential for treating excessive gluconeogenesis, hyperglycemia, and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqian Xue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Aoyuan Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Shuang Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Fengguang Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Zhengshuai Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Xia Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan646000, China
| | | | - Xiaoyang Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Zhimin Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Yuxiao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Genxiang Cai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Weitong Su
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Jiuxiang Zhao
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nutrition, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Xi Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Chenlin Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan646000, China
| | - Jian Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan646000, China
| | - Haibing Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Hong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Xu Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan646000, China
| | - Wenguang Fu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan646000, China
| | - Jing Fang
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao266071, China
| | - Yu Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
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Jeknić S, Kudo T, Song JJ, Covert MW. An optimized reporter of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1α reveals complex HIF-1α activation dynamics in single cells. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104599. [PMID: 36907438 PMCID: PMC10124923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune cells adopt a variety of metabolic states to support their many biological functions, which include fighting pathogens, removing tissue debris, and tissue remodeling. One of the key mediators of these metabolic changes is the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α). Single-cell dynamics have been shown to be an important determinant of cell behavior; however, despite the importance of HIF-1α, little is known about its single-cell dynamics or their effect on metabolism. To address this knowledge gap, here we optimized a HIF-1α fluorescent reporter and applied it to study single-cell dynamics. First, we showed that single cells are likely able to differentiate multiple levels of prolyl hydroxylase inhibition, a marker of metabolic change, via HIF-1α activity. We then applied a physiological stimulus known to trigger metabolic change, interferon-γ, and observed heterogeneous, oscillatory HIF-1α responses in single cells. Finally, we input these dynamics into a mathematical model of HIF-1α-regulated metabolism and discovered a profound difference between cells exhibiting high versus low HIF-1α activation. Specifically, we found cells with high HIF-1α activation are able to meaningfully reduce flux through the tricarboxylic acid cycle and show a notable increase in the NAD+/NADH ratio compared with cells displaying low HIF-1α activation. Altogether, this work demonstrates an optimized reporter for studying HIF-1α in single cells and reveals previously unknown principles of HIF-1α activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stevan Jeknić
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Takamasa Kudo
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Joanna J Song
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Markus W Covert
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
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Yang J, Xing J, Zhu X, Xie X, Wang L, Zhang X. Effects of hypoxia-inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors vs. erythropoiesis-stimulating agents on iron metabolism in non-dialysis-dependent anemic patients with CKD: A network meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1131516. [PMID: 37008953 PMCID: PMC10060950 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1131516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of five hypoxia-inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylase domain inhibitors (HIF-PHIs), two erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs), and placebo on iron metabolism in renal anemia patients with non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease (NDD-CKD). METHOD Five electronic databases were searched for studies. Randomized controlled clinical trials comparing HIF-PHIs, ESAs, and placebo in NDD-CKD patients were selected. The statistical program used for network meta-analysis was Stata/SE 15.1. The main outcomes were the change in hepcidin and hemoglobin (Hb) levels. The merits of intervention measures were predicted by the surface under the cumulative ranking curve method. RESULTS Of 1,589 original titles screened, data were extracted from 15 trials (3,228 participants). All HIF-PHIs and ESAs showed greater Hb level-raising ability than placebo. Among them, desidustat demonstrated the highest probability of increasing Hb (95.6%). Hepcidin [mean deviation (MD) = -43.42, 95%CI: -47.08 to -39.76], ferritin (MD= -48.56, 95%CI: -55.21 to -41.96), and transferrin saturation (MD = -4.73, 95%CI: -5.52 to -3.94) were decreased, while transferrin (MD = 0.09, 95%CI: 0.01 to 0.18) and total iron-binding capacity (MD = 6.34, 95%CI: 5.71 to 6.96) was increased in HIF-PHIs versus those in ESAs. In addition, this study observed heterogeneity in the ability of HIF-PHIs to decrease hepcidin. Compared with darbepoetin, only daprodustat (MD = -49.09, 95% CI: -98.13 to -0.05) could significantly reduce hepcidin levels. Meanwhile, daprodustat also showed the highest hepcidin-lowering efficacy (84.0%), while placebo was the lowest (8.2%). CONCLUSION For NDD-CKD patients, HIF-PHIs could ameliorate functional iron deficiency by promoting iron transport and utilization, which may be achieved by decreasing hepcidin levels. Interestingly, HIF-PHIs had heterogeneous effects on iron metabolism. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=242777, Identifier CRD42021242777.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlan Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Xing
- Department of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaotong Xie
- Department of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University/Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoliang Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoliang Zhang,
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Li XY, Wu CH, Yan YJ, Wang DH, Wang MJ, Hou ZW. [Effect of Biantie pretreatment on serum level of PHD2/HIF-1α and brain tissue damage in rats during acute hypobaric hypoxia exposure]. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu 2022; 42:1278-1284. [PMID: 36397226 DOI: 10.13703/j.0255-2930.20211201-k0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of Biantie (bian stone plaste) pretreatment on serum level of prolyl hydroxylase domain 2 (PHD2) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in rats with acute hypobaric hypoxia induced-brain injury, and to explore the possible mechanism of Biantie on preventing brain injury at high altitude. METHODS Forty-five male SD rats were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group, a Biantie group, a medication group and a Biantie+inhibitor group, 9 rats in each group. The rats in the Biantie group the and the Biantie+inhibitor group were pretreated with Biantie at "Taiyuan" (LU 9), "Neiguan" (PC 6) and "Renying" (ST 9), 2 h each time, once a day; the rats in the medication group were treated with intragastric administration of rhodiola capsule solution (280 mg/kg) for 14 d; the rats in the Biantie+inhibitor group were intraperitoneally injected with the PHD inhibitor dimethyloxalyl glycine (DMOG) at a dose of 40 mg/kg 24 h before the establishment of the model. After the intervention, except for the blank group, the rats in the remaining 4 groups were placed in the oxygen chamber to simulate a high-altitude environment to establish the acute hypobaric hypoxia brain injury model. The arterial blood-gas analysis indexes [blood oxygen saturation (SaO2), lactic acid (Lac), blood sodium (Na+), blood potassium (K+)] and brain water content were detected in each group; the histomorphology of cerebral cortex was observed by HE staining; the serum levels of PHD2 and HIF-1α as well as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were detected by ELISA; the VEGF protein expression in brain tissue was detected by Western blot; the VEGF mRNA expression in brain tissue was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. RESULTS Compared with the blank group, the levels of SaO2 and Na+ in the model group were decreased (P<0.05), while the levels of Lac and K+ as well as the water content of brain tissue were increased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the level of SaO2 in the Biantie group and the medication group was increased (P<0.05), while the levels of Lac, K+ and the water content of brain tissue were decreased (P<0.05); the level of Na+ in the Biantie group was increased (P<0.05). Compared with the Biantie group, the level of SaO2 in the Biantie+inhibitor group was decreased (P<0.05), and the level of Lac and the water content of brain tissue were increased (P<0.05). In the model group, the cortical tissue cells were loose and disordered, the cortical blood vessels were dilated, and the cells were obviously swollen; the anoxic injury in the Biantie group and the medication group was lighter, and the anoxic injury in the Biantie+inhibitor group was more obvious than that in the Biantie group. Compared with the blank group, the serum PHD2 content in the model group was decreased and the HIF-1α content was increased (P<0.05), and the content of VEGF in serum and VEGF protein and mRNA expressions in brain were increased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the content of PHD2 in serum in the Biantie group and the medication group was increased (P<0.05), and the level of HIF-1α was decreased (P<0.05), and the content of VEGF in serum as well as VEGF protein and mRNA expressions in brain were decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the Biantie group, the serum PHD2 content in the Biantie+inhibitor group was decreased and HIF-1α level were increased (P<0.05), and the content of VEGF in serum as well as VEGF mRNA expression in brain were increased (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Biantie at "Taiyuan" (LU 9), "Neiguan" (PC 6) and "Renying" (ST 9) could regulate serum PHD2/HIF-1α to down-regulate VEGF expression, reduce brain edema and enhance anti-hypoxia ability, so as to achieve the purpose of preventing brain injury at high altitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ya Li
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of CM, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chun-Hua Wu
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of CM, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ying-Jie Yan
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of CM, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Deng-Hui Wang
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of CM, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Meng-Jie Wang
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of CM, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhong-Wei Hou
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of CM, Beijing 100029, China
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Cui X, Wen J, Li N, Hao X, Zhang S, Zhao B, Wu X, Miao J. HOCI Probe CPP Induces the Differentiation of Human Dermal Fibroblasts into Vascular Endothelial Cells through PHD2/HIF-1α/HEY1 Signaling Pathway. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193126. [PMID: 36231088 PMCID: PMC9562224 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) have the potential to differentiate into endothelial cells (VECs). In our previous research, we reported that a hypochlorous acid (HOCl) probe CPP efficiently induced the differentiation of HDFs into VECs, however, the mechanism of differentiation was not clear. As an HOCI probe, CPP binds HOCI to modulate its effects. In this study, through Western blotting, qPCR, and PHD2 enzyme activity assay, we found that CPP inhibited the enzyme activity of prolyl-4-hydroxylase 2 (PHD2), thereby stabilizing HIF-1α. To further clarify the mechanism by which CPP inhibits PHD2 enzyme activity, we constructed plasmids, and found that CPP inhibited PHD2 activity to increase the HIF-1α level through the modulation of PHD2 at Cys302 by HOCl in HDFs. Furthermore, RNA-seq experiments showed that CPP could induce the expression of HEY1, which is not only a target gene regulated by HIF1α, but also a key transcription factor for VECs. We used siRNA transfection and in vivo experiments to confirm that CPP could induce HDFs to differentiate into VECs by HEY1. In summary, we identified a new inhibitor of PHD2, demonstrated the new role of HOCl in cell differentiation, and elucidated the mechanism by which HOCl probe CPP induced the differentiation of HDFs into VECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Cui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jie Wen
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Nan Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xuxiao Hao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Shangli Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Baoxiang Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xunwei Wu
- Engineering Laboratory for Biomaterials and Tissue Regeneration, Ningbo Stomatology Hospital, Ningbo 315040, China
- Savaid Stomatology School, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Correspondence: (X.W.); (J.M.)
| | - Junying Miao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Jinan 250012, China
- Correspondence: (X.W.); (J.M.)
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Ren Z, Potenza DM, Ma Y, Ajalbert G, Hoogewijs D, Ming XF, Yang Z. Role of Arginase-II in Podocyte Injury under Hypoxic Conditions. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091213. [PMID: 36139052 PMCID: PMC9496188 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia plays a crucial role in acute and chronic renal injury, which is attributable to renal tubular and glomerular cell damage. Some studies provide evidence that hypoxia-dependent upregulation of the mitochondrial enzyme arginase type-II (Arg-II) in tubular cells promotes renal tubular injury. It is, however, not known whether Arg-II is also expressed in glomerular cells, particularly podocytes under hypoxic conditions, contributing to hypoxia-induced podocyte injury. The effects of hypoxia on human podocyte cells (AB8/13) in cultures and on isolated kidneys from wild-type (wt) and arg-ii gene-deficient (arg-ii−/−) mice ex vivo, as well as on mice of the two genotypes in vivo, were investigated, respectively. We found that the Arg-II levels were enhanced in cultured podocytes in a time-dependent manner over 48 h, which was dependent on the stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α). Moreover, a hypoxia-induced derangement of cellular actin cytoskeletal fibers, a decrease in podocin, and an increase in mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) generation—as measured by MitoSOX—were inhibited by adenoviral-mediated arg-ii gene silencing. These effects of hypoxia on podocyte injury were mimicked by the HIFα stabilizing drug DMOG, which inhibits prolyl hydroxylases (PHD), the enzymes involved in HIFα degradation. The silencing of arg-ii prevented the detrimental effects of DMOG on podocytes. Furthermore, the inhibition of mtROS generation by rotenone—the inhibitor of respiration chain complex-I—recapitulated the protective effects of arg-ii silencing on podocytes under hypoxic conditions. Moreover, the ex vivo experiments with isolated kidney tissues and the in vivo experiments with mice exposed to hypoxic conditions showed increased Arg-II levels in podocytes and decreased podocyte markers regarding synaptopodin in wt mice but not in arg-ii−/− mice. While age-associated albuminuria was reduced in the arg-ii−/− mice, the hypoxia-induced increase in albuminuria was, however, not significantly affected in the arg-ii−/−. Our study demonstrates that Arg-II in podocytes promotes cell injury. Arg-ii ablation seems insufficient to protect mice in vivo against a hypoxia-induced increase in albuminuria, but it does reduce albuminuria in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Ren
- Cardiovascular & Aging Research, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Duilio Michele Potenza
- Cardiovascular & Aging Research, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Yiqiong Ma
- Cardiovascular & Aging Research, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Guillaume Ajalbert
- Cardiovascular & Aging Research, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - David Hoogewijs
- Integrative Oxygen Physiology, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Xiu-Fen Ming
- Cardiovascular & Aging Research, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (X.-F.M.); (Z.Y.); Tel.: +41-26-300-85-93 (Z.Y.)
| | - Zhihong Yang
- Cardiovascular & Aging Research, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (X.-F.M.); (Z.Y.); Tel.: +41-26-300-85-93 (Z.Y.)
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17
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Clayton DB, Tong CMC, Li B, Taylor AS, De S, Mason MD, Dudley AG, Davidoff O, Kobayashi H, Haase VH. Inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylation protects from cyclophosphamide-induced bladder injury and urinary dysfunction. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2022; 323:F81-F91. [PMID: 35499237 PMCID: PMC9236868 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00344.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruption of the blood-urine barrier can result in acute or chronic inflammatory bladder injury. Activation of the oxygen-regulated hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway has been shown to protect mucosal membranes by increasing the expression of cytoprotective genes and by suppressing inflammation. The activity of HIF is controlled by prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) dioxygenases, which have been exploited as therapeutic targets for the treatment of anemia of chronic kidney disease. Here, we established a mouse model of acute cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced blood-urine barrier disruption associated with inflammation and severe urinary dysfunction to investigate the HIF-PHD axis in inflammatory bladder injury. We found that systemic administration of dimethyloxalylglycine or molidustat, two small-molecule inhibitors of HIF-prolyl hydroxylases, profoundly mitigated CYP-induced bladder injury and inflammation as assessed by morphological analysis of transmural edema and urothelial integrity and by measuring tissue cytokine expression. Void spot analysis to examine bladder function quantitatively demonstrated that HIF-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor administration normalized micturition patterns and protected against CYP-induced alteration of urinary frequency and micturition patterns. Our study highlights the therapeutic potential of HIF-activating small-molecule compounds for the prevention or therapy of bladder injury and urinary dysfunction due to blood-urine barrier disruption.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Disruption of the blood-urine barrier can result in acute or chronic inflammatory bladder injury. Here, we demonstrate that pharmacological inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-prolyl hydroxylation prevented bladder injury and protected from urinary dysfunction in a mouse model of cyclophosphamide-induced disruption of the blood-urine barrier. Our study highlights a potential role for HIF-activating small-molecule compounds in the prevention or therapy of bladder injury and urinary dysfunction and provides a rationale for future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglass B Clayton
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Ching Man Carmen Tong
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Belinda Li
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Abby S Taylor
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Shuvro De
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Matthew D Mason
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Anne G Dudley
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Olena Davidoff
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Medical and Research Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Hanako Kobayashi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Medical and Research Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Volker H Haase
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Medical and Research Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
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18
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Uetz P, Melnik S, Grünwald-Gruber C, Strasser R, Stoger E. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of a prolyl-4-hydroxylase subfamily in Nicotiana benthamiana using DsRed2 for plant selection. Biotechnol J 2022; 17:e2100698. [PMID: 35427441 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202100698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The properties of host plants used for molecular farming can be modified by CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing to improve the quality and yield of recombinant proteins. However, it is often necessary to target multiple genes simultaneously, particularly when using host plants with large and complex genomes. This is the case for Nicotiana benthamiana, an allotetraploid relative of tobacco frequently used for transient protein expression. A multiplex genome editing system incorporating the DsRed2 fluorescent marker for the identification and selection of transgenic plants was established. As proof of principle, NbP4H4 was targeted encoding a prolyl-4-hydroxylase involved in protein O-linked glycosylation. Using preselected gRNAs with efficiencies confirmed by transient expression, transgenic plant lines with knockout mutations in all four NbP4H4 genes were obtained. Leaf fluorescence was then used to screen for the absence of the SpCas9 transgene in T1 plants, and transgene-free lines with homozygous or biallelic mutations were identified. The analysis of plant-produced recombinant IgA1 as a reporter protein revealed changes in the number of peptides containing hydroxyproline residues and pentoses in the knockout plants. The selection of efficient gRNAs combined with the DsRed2 marker reduces the effort needed to generate N. benthamiana mutants and simplifies the screening processes to obtain transgene-free progeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Uetz
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stanislav Melnik
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clemens Grünwald-Gruber
- Core Facility Mass Spectrometry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard Strasser
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Stoger
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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19
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Seco J, King CC, Camazzola G, Jansen J, Tirinato L, Marafioti MG, Hanley R, Pagliari F, Beckman SP. Modulating Nucleus Oxygen Concentration by Altering Intramembrane Cholesterol Levels: Creating Hypoxic Nucleus in Oxic Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095077. [PMID: 35563465 PMCID: PMC9105739 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We propose a novel mechanism by which cancer cells can modulate the oxygen concentration within the nucleus, potentially creating low nuclear oxygen conditions without the need of an hypoxic micro-environment and suited for allowing cancer cells to resist chemo- and radio-therapy. The cells ability to alter intra-cellular oxygen conditions depends on the amount of cholesterol present within the cellular membranes, where high levels of cholesterol can yield rigid membranes that slow oxygen diffusion. The proposed mechanism centers on the competition between (1) the diffusion of oxygen within the cell and across cellular membranes that replenishes any consumed oxygen and (2) the consumption of oxygen in the mitochondria, peroxisomes, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), etc. The novelty of our work centers around the assumption that the cholesterol content of a membrane can affect the oxygen diffusion across the membrane, reducing the cell ability to replenish the oxygen consumed within the cell. For these conditions, the effective diffusion rate of oxygen becomes of the same order as the oxygen consumption rate, allowing the cell to reduce the oxygen concentration of the nucleus, with implications to the Warburg Effect. The cellular and nucleus oxygen content is indirectly evaluated experimentally for bladder (T24) cancer cells and during the cell cycle, where the cells are initially synchronized using hydroxeaurea (HU) at the late G1-phase/early S-phase. The analysis of cellular and nucleus oxygen concentration during cell cycle is performed via (i) RT-qPCR gene analysis of hypoxia inducible transcription factors (HIF) and prolyl hydroxylases (PHD) and (ii) radiation clonogenic assay every 2 h, after release from synchronization. The HIF/PHD genes allowed us to correlate cellular oxygen with oxygen concentration in the nucleus that is obtained from the cells radiation response, where the amount DNA damage due to radiation is directly related to the amount of oxygen present in the nucleus. We demonstrate that during the S-phase cells can become hypoxic in the late S-phase/early G2-phase and therefore the radiation resistance increases 2- to 3-fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao Seco
- Division of Biomedical Physics in Radiation Oncology, DKFZ German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (G.C.); (J.J.); (L.T.); (M.G.M.); (R.H.); (F.P.)
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Clarence C. King
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (C.C.K.); (S.P.B.)
| | - Gianmarco Camazzola
- Division of Biomedical Physics in Radiation Oncology, DKFZ German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (G.C.); (J.J.); (L.T.); (M.G.M.); (R.H.); (F.P.)
| | - Jeannette Jansen
- Division of Biomedical Physics in Radiation Oncology, DKFZ German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (G.C.); (J.J.); (L.T.); (M.G.M.); (R.H.); (F.P.)
| | - Luca Tirinato
- Division of Biomedical Physics in Radiation Oncology, DKFZ German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (G.C.); (J.J.); (L.T.); (M.G.M.); (R.H.); (F.P.)
| | - Maria G. Marafioti
- Division of Biomedical Physics in Radiation Oncology, DKFZ German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (G.C.); (J.J.); (L.T.); (M.G.M.); (R.H.); (F.P.)
| | - Rachel Hanley
- Division of Biomedical Physics in Radiation Oncology, DKFZ German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (G.C.); (J.J.); (L.T.); (M.G.M.); (R.H.); (F.P.)
| | - Francesca Pagliari
- Division of Biomedical Physics in Radiation Oncology, DKFZ German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (G.C.); (J.J.); (L.T.); (M.G.M.); (R.H.); (F.P.)
| | - Scott P. Beckman
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (C.C.K.); (S.P.B.)
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20
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Schützhold V, Gravemeyer J, Bicker A, Hager T, Padberg C, Schäfer J, Wrobeln A, Steinbrink M, Zeynel S, Hankeln T, Becker JC, Fandrey J, Winning S. Knockout of Factor-Inhibiting HIF ( Hif1an) in Colon Epithelium Attenuates Chronic Colitis but Does Not Reduce Colorectal Cancer in Mice. J Immunol 2022; 208:1280-1291. [PMID: 35121641 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease such as chronic colitis promotes colorectal cancer, which is a common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Hypoxia is a characteristic of inflammation as well as of solid tumors and enforces a gene expression response controlled by hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). Once established, solid tumors are immunosuppressive to escape their abatement through immune cells. Although HIF activity is known to 1) promote cancer development and 2) drive tumor immune suppression through the secretion of adenosine, both prolyl hydroxylases and an asparaginyl hydroxylase termed factor-inhibiting HIF (FIH) negatively regulate HIF. Thus, FIH may act as a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer development. In this study, we examined the role of colon epithelial FIH in a mouse model of colitis-induced colorectal cancer. We recapitulated colitis-associated colorectal cancer development in mice using the azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate model in Vil1-Cre/FIH+f/+f and wild-type siblings. Colon samples were analyzed regarding RNA and protein expression and histology. Vil1-Cre/FIH+f/+f mice showed a less severe colitis progress compared with FIH+f/+f animals and a lower number of infiltrating macrophages in the inflamed tissue. RNA sequencing analyses of colon tissue revealed a lower expression of genes associated with the immune response in Vil1-Cre/FIH+f/+f mice. However, tumor occurrence did not significantly differ between Vil1-Cre/FIH+f/+f and wild-type mice. Thus, FIH knockout in colon epithelial cells did not modulate colorectal cancer development but reduced the inflammatory response in chronic colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Schützhold
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jan Gravemeyer
- Translational Skin Cancer Research, Dermatologie, Universitätsmedizin Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anne Bicker
- Molekulargenetik und Genomanalyse, Institut für Organismische und Molekulare Evolutionsbiologie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany; and
| | - Thomas Hager
- Institut für Pathologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Claudia Padberg
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jana Schäfer
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anna Wrobeln
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Seher Zeynel
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Hankeln
- Molekulargenetik und Genomanalyse, Institut für Organismische und Molekulare Evolutionsbiologie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany; and
| | - Jürgen Christian Becker
- Translational Skin Cancer Research, Dermatologie, Universitätsmedizin Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Fandrey
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany;
| | - Sandra Winning
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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21
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Jatho A, Zieseniss A, Brechtel-Curth K, Guo J, Böker KO, Salinas G, Wenger RH, Katschinski DM. The HIFα-Stabilizing Drug Roxadustat Increases the Number of Renal Epo-Producing Sca-1 + Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040753. [PMID: 35203399 PMCID: PMC8869801 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of the prolyl-4-hydroxylase domain (PHD) enzymes, leading to the stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) α as well as to the stimulation of erythropoietin (Epo) synthesis, is the functional mechanism of the new anti-anemia drug roxadustat. Little is known about the effects of roxadustat on the Epo-producing cell pool. To gain further insights into the function of PHD inhibitors, we characterized the abundance of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-like cells after roxadustat treatment of mice. The number of Sca-1+ mesenchymal cells following roxadustat treatment increased exclusively in the kidneys. Isolated Sca-1+ cells demonstrated typical features of MSC-like cells, including adherence to tissue culture plates, trilineage differentiation potential, and expression of MSC markers. Kidney-derived Sca-1+ MSC-like cells were cultured for up to 21 days. Within the first few days in culture, cells stabilized HIF-1α and HIF-2α and temporarily increased Epo production upon incubation in hypoxia. In summary, we have identified a Sca-1+ MSC-like cell population that is involved in renal Epo production and might contribute to the strong anti-anemic effect of the PHD inhibitor roxadustat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Jatho
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37073 Goettingen, Germany; (A.Z.); (K.B.-C.); (J.G.)
- Correspondence: (A.J.); (D.M.K.)
| | - Anke Zieseniss
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37073 Goettingen, Germany; (A.Z.); (K.B.-C.); (J.G.)
| | - Katja Brechtel-Curth
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37073 Goettingen, Germany; (A.Z.); (K.B.-C.); (J.G.)
| | - Jia Guo
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37073 Goettingen, Germany; (A.Z.); (K.B.-C.); (J.G.)
| | - Kai Oliver Böker
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany;
| | - Gabriela Salinas
- NGS-Integrative Genomics Core Unit (NIG), Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37073 Goettingen, Germany;
| | - Roland H. Wenger
- National Centre of Competence in Research “Kidney.CH”, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland;
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zürich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dörthe M. Katschinski
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37073 Goettingen, Germany; (A.Z.); (K.B.-C.); (J.G.)
- Correspondence: (A.J.); (D.M.K.)
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22
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Lu XH, Sang D, Zhang YR, Yuan Q. High expression of prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-2 in lung adenocarcinoma indicates poor prognosis. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2022; 77:100123. [PMID: 36403427 PMCID: PMC9678672 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2022.100123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the Prolyl 4-Hydroxylase subunit Alpha-2 (P4HA2) expression in Lung Adenocarcinoma (LAUD). METHODS The authors assessed P4HA2 expression in the LUAD tumor ecosystem using single-cell analysis. The authors analyzed the relationship between P4HA2 expression and clinical features in LUAD and Brain Metastasis (BM) cases. The authors assessed the biological functions of P4HA2 using The Cancer Genome Atlas-LUAD dataset. RESULTS P4HA2 was more highly expressed in fibroblasts than in epithelial cells in normal lung and lung adenocarcinoma tissues (p < 0.001). P4HA2 was more highly expressed in malignant epithelial cells than in fibroblasts in the BM tissue (p = 0.002). P4HA2 expression was significantly higher in female cases than in male cases (p = 0.049) and was related to lymph node metastasis (p = 0.019) and a higher TNM stage (p = 0.020). High P4HA2 expression indicated a poor prognosis and served as an independent prognostic risk factor in lung cancer. P4HA2 was mainly enriched in the extracellular matrix organization, NADH regeneration, and canonical glycolysis. P4HA2 expression was negatively correlated with naive B cells, T-cells, CD8, and activated natural killer cells, but positively correlated with CD4 memory-activated T cells, regulatory T-cells, resting dendritic cells, and dendritic cell activation. P4HA2 messenger RNA expression was correlated with programmed death-ligand 1 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4. CONCLUSION P4HA2 is highly expressed in LUAD tumor cells, especially for the BM subtype, and is a valuable prognostic indicator of LUAD. It may be involved in a biological activity of distant metastasis of LUAD tumor cells and serve as a potential treatment target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hong Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Chao yang District San huan Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Die Sang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Chao yang District San huan Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Rong Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Chao yang District San huan Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Qing Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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23
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Hoang M, Jentz E, Janssen SM, Nasteska D, Cuozzo F, Hodson DJ, Tupling AR, Fong GH, Joseph JW. Isoform-specific Roles of Prolyl Hydroxylases in the Regulation of Pancreatic β-Cell Function. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6413706. [PMID: 34718519 PMCID: PMC8643417 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cells can secrete insulin via 2 pathways characterized as KATP channel -dependent and -independent. The KATP channel-independent pathway is characterized by a rise in several potential metabolic signaling molecules, including the NADPH/NADP+ ratio and α-ketoglutarate (αKG). Prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs), which belong to the αKG-dependent dioxygenase superfamily, are known to regulate the stability of hypoxia-inducible factor α. In the current study, we assess the role of PHDs in vivo using the pharmacological inhibitor dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) and generated β-cell-specific knockout (KO) mice for all 3 isoforms of PHD (β-PHD1 KO, β-PHD2 KO, and β-PHD3 KO mice). DMOG inhibited in vivo insulin secretion in response to glucose challenge and inhibited the first phase of insulin secretion but enhanced the second phase of insulin secretion in isolated islets. None of the β-PHD KO mice showed any significant in vivo defects associated with glucose tolerance and insulin resistance except for β-PHD2 KO mice which had significantly increased plasma insulin during a glucose challenge. Islets from both β-PHD1 KO and β-PHD3 KO had elevated β-cell apoptosis and reduced β-cell mass. Isolated islets from β-PHD1 KO and β-PHD3 KO had impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and glucose-stimulated increases in the ATP/ADP and NADPH/NADP+ ratio. All 3 PHD isoforms are expressed in β-cells, with PHD3 showing the most distinct expression pattern. The lack of each PHD protein did not significantly impair in vivo glucose homeostasis. However, β-PHD1 KO and β-PHD3 KO mice had defective β-cell mass and islet insulin secretion, suggesting that these mice may be predisposed to developing diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Hoang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Kitchener, ON, Canada
| | - Emelien Jentz
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Kitchener, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah M Janssen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Kitchener, ON, Canada
| | - Daniela Nasteska
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Federica Cuozzo
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - David J Hodson
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Russell Tupling
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Guo-Hua Fong
- Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Jamie W Joseph
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Kitchener, ON, Canada
- Correspondence: Jamie W. Joseph, PhD, Health Science Campus Building A, Room 4008, University of Waterloo, 10A Victoria Street South, Kitchener, ON, Canada, N2G 1C5.
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Chen Q, Shi F, Yang C, Mao G, Zhou C, Liu L, Yang X, Song Y. Lentivirus-shRNA mediated prolyl hydroxylase 2 knockdown increases HIF-1α and inhibits nucleus pulposus cells degeneration. Cells Tissues Organs 2021; 212:185-193. [PMID: 34781297 DOI: 10.1159/000520795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) plays a crucial role in regulating the hypoxia-inducible state of nucleus pulposus cells in the intervertebral disc. In addition, the oxygen-dependent conversion of HIF-1α in nucleus pulposus cells is controlled by the protein Proline 4-hydroxylase domain (PHD) family. To explore whether HIF-1α can be regulated by modulating PHD homologs to inhibit nucleus pulposus degeneration, PHD2-shRNAs were designed and PHD2 interference vector was constructed. The expression of HIF-1α and PHD2 genes in the nucleus pulposus cells in the experimental group was detected by RT-PCR, and the expression of HIF-1α, MMP-2, Aggrecan and Col II proteins in the P0-P3 cells in the experimental group and the control group was detected by Western blotting. The apoptosis of P0-P3 nucleus pulposus cells was detected by flow cytometry. After lentivirus infection, the interference efficiency of the PHD2 gene decreased with cell passage. The apoptosis of P1-P3 cells in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group or degeneration group. Compared to the control group, the expression of HIF-1α, Aggrecan and Col II proteins increased significantly, and the expression of MMP-2 protein decreased significantly. In conclusion, interference with PHD2 can upregulate the expression of HIF-1α, accelerate anabolism, reduce catabolism, inhibit apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells, and then these can inhibit degeneration of nucleus pulposus cells. Our results can provide an effective therapeutic target in intervertebral discs during intervertebral disc degeneration and this may have important clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fangfang Shi
- Department of Hematology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, No. 1 People's Hospital of AkeSu, AkeSu, China
| | - Guangfeng Mao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third People Hospital of Zhuji, Shaoxing, China
| | - Chunguang Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Limin Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yueming Song
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Li J, Lu X, Wei L, Ye D, Lin J, Tang X, Cui K, Yu S, Xu Y, Liang X. PHD2 attenuates high-glucose-induced blood retinal barrier breakdown in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells by regulating the Hif-1α/VEGF pathway. Inflamm Res 2021; 71:69-79. [PMID: 34773469 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-021-01518-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetic macular edema (DME) is one of the most frequent causes of severe vision loss. The pathogenesis of DME is still not fully understood; however, it is hypothesized to result from breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) due to retinal inflammation by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion under hyperglycemic conditions. In this investigation, we discovered that Prolyl-4-hydroxylase 2 (PHD2), an upstream regulator of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) modulates VEGF expression and thus preserves BRB function in the mouse retina. MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (hRMECs) were cultured in human endothelial serum-free growth medium and exposed to hyperglycemia. Changes in cell viability were investigated by an MTT assay. BRB function in each group was revealed by a paracellular permeability assay and trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER). Morphological changes in the BRB were investigated by immunofluorescence staining of occludin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1). The mRNA and protein levels of the tight junction proteins, PHD2, HIF-1α, and VEGF were measured by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), western blot analysis and ELISA. RESULTS Under hyperglycemic conditions, the viability of hRMECs was decreased, and PHD2 expression was downregulated, accompanied by increased paracellular permeability and decreased trans-endothelial electrical resistance. Additionally, HIF-1α and VEGF expression levels were increased, whereas the expression levels of tight junction proteins, including occludin and ZO-1, were decreased and BRB function was compromised. The PHD2 activator R59949 (diacylglycerol kinase inhibitor II), altered these pathological changes, and the PHD2 inhibitor dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) resulted in the opposite effects. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated that PHD2 inhibited HIF-1 activity by inhibiting HIF-1α expression in hRMECs under hyperglycemic conditions, which led to the downregulation of the expression of the angiogenic factor VEGF, and thus helped to maintain the functions of hRMECs. Therefore, it is reasonable to propose that PHD2 could be a potential novel target for the treatment of DME or other diseases with a similar pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.7 Jinsui Rd, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China, 510030
| | - Xi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.7 Jinsui Rd, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China, 510030
| | - Liqing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.7 Jinsui Rd, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China, 510030
- Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou Xihu Zhijiang Eye Hospital, No.7 Jinsui Rd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 310024
| | - Dan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.7 Jinsui Rd, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China, 510030
| | - Jianqiang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.7 Jinsui Rd, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China, 510030
| | - Xiaoyu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.7 Jinsui Rd, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China, 510030
| | - Kaixuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.7 Jinsui Rd, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China, 510030
| | - Shanshan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.7 Jinsui Rd, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China, 510030
| | - Yue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.7 Jinsui Rd, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China, 510030.
| | - Xiaoling Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.7 Jinsui Rd, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China, 510030.
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Figg WD, McDonough MA, Chowdhury R, Nakashima Y, Zhang Z, Holt‐Martyn JP, Krajnc A, Schofield CJ. Structural Basis of Prolyl Hydroxylase Domain Inhibition by Molidustat. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:2082-2088. [PMID: 33792169 PMCID: PMC8359944 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Human prolyl-hydroxylases (PHDs) are hypoxia-sensing 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) oxygenases, catalysis by which suppresses the transcription of hypoxia-inducible factor target genes. PHD inhibition enables the treatment of anaemia/ischaemia-related disease. The PHD inhibitor Molidustat is approved for the treatment of renal anaemia; it differs from other approved/late-stage PHD inhibitors in lacking a glycinamide side chain. The first reported crystal structures of Molidustat and IOX4 (a brain-penetrating derivative) complexed with PHD2 reveal how their contiguous triazole, pyrazolone and pyrimidine/pyridine rings bind at the active site. The inhibitors bind to the active-site metal in a bidentate manner through their pyrazolone and pyrimidine nitrogens, with the triazole π-π-stacking with Tyr303 in the 2OG binding pocket. Comparison of the new structures with other PHD inhibitor complexes reveals differences in the conformations of Tyr303, Tyr310, and a mobile loop linking β2-β3, which are involved in dynamic substrate binding/product release.
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Affiliation(s)
- William D. Figg
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | | | - Rasheduzzaman Chowdhury
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteUniversity of California, San Francisco555 Mission Bay Blvd.San FranciscoCA 94158USA
| | - Yu Nakashima
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
- Institute of Natural MedicineUniversity of Toyama2630 SugitaniToyama930–0194Japan
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | | | - Alen Krajnc
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
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Qiao Y, Wang Z, Bunikyte R, Chen X, Jin S, Qi X, Cai D, Feng S. Cobalt chloride-simulated hypoxia elongates primary cilia in immortalized human retina pigment epithelial-1 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 555:190-195. [PMID: 33823365 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.03.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Primary cilia are microtubule-based organelles that are involved in sensing micro-environmental cues and regulating cellular homeostasis via triggering signaling cascades. Hypoxia is one of the most common environmental stresses that organ and tissue cells may often encounter during embryogenesis, cell differentiation, infection, inflammation, injury, cerebral and cardiac ischemia, or tumorigenesis. Although hypoxia has been reported to promote or inhibit primary ciliogenesis in different tissues or cultured cell lines, the role of hypoxia in ciliogenesis is controversial and still unclear. Here we investigated the primary cilia change under cobalt chloride (CoCl2)-simulated hypoxia in immortalized human retina pigment epithelial-1 (hTERT RPE-1) cells. We found CoCl2 treatment elongated primary cilia in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The prolonged cilia recovered back to near normal length when CoCl2 was washed out from the cell culture medium. Under CoCl2-simulated hypoxia, the protein expression levels of HIF-1/2α and acetylated-α-tubulin (cilia marker) were increased, while the protein expression level of Rabaptin-5 is decreased during hypoxia. Taken together, our results suggest that hypoxia may elongate primary cilia by downregulating Rabaptin-5 involved endocytosis. The coordination between endocytosis and ciliogenesis may be utilized by cells to adapt to hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), The Ministry of Science and Technology & Guangdong Province, Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhengduo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), The Ministry of Science and Technology & Guangdong Province, Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Raimonda Bunikyte
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), The Ministry of Science and Technology & Guangdong Province, Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), The Ministry of Science and Technology & Guangdong Province, Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Shuang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), The Ministry of Science and Technology & Guangdong Province, Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xufeng Qi
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), The Ministry of Science and Technology & Guangdong Province, Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Dongqing Cai
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), The Ministry of Science and Technology & Guangdong Province, Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Shanshan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), The Ministry of Science and Technology & Guangdong Province, Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Shivaraju M, Chitta UK, Grange RMH, Jain IH, Capen D, Liao L, Xu J, Ichinose F, Zapol WM, Mootha VK, Rajagopal J. Airway stem cells sense hypoxia and differentiate into protective solitary neuroendocrine cells. Science 2021; 371:52-57. [PMID: 33384370 PMCID: PMC8312065 DOI: 10.1126/science.aba0629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neuroendocrine (NE) cells are epithelial cells that possess many of the characteristics of neurons, including the presence of secretory vesicles and the ability to sense environmental stimuli. The normal physiologic functions of solitary airway NE cells remain a mystery. We show that mouse and human airway basal stem cells sense hypoxia. Hypoxia triggers the direct differentiation of these stem cells into solitary NE cells. Ablation of these solitary NE cells during hypoxia results in increased epithelial injury, whereas the administration of the NE cell peptide CGRP rescues this excess damage. Thus, we identify stem cells that directly sense hypoxia and respond by differentiating into solitary NE cells that secrete a protective peptide that mitigates hypoxic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjunatha Shivaraju
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Udbhav K Chitta
- Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Robert M H Grange
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Isha H Jain
- Department of Molecular Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Present address: Department of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Diane Capen
- Program in Membrane Biology and Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lan Liao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jianming Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Fumito Ichinose
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Warren M Zapol
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Vamsi K Mootha
- Department of Molecular Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jayaraj Rajagopal
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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29
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Liu T, Abboud MI, Chowdhury R, Tumber A, Hardy AP, Lippl K, Lohans CT, Pires E, Wickens J, McDonough MA, West CM, Schofield CJ. Biochemical and biophysical analyses of hypoxia sensing prolyl hydroxylases from Dictyostelium discoideum and Toxoplasma gondii. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:16545-16561. [PMID: 32934009 PMCID: PMC7864055 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In animals, the response to chronic hypoxia is mediated by prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) that regulate the levels of hypoxia-inducible transcription factor α (HIFα). PHD homologues exist in other types of eukaryotes and prokaryotes where they act on non HIF substrates. To gain insight into the factors underlying different PHD substrates and properties, we carried out biochemical and biophysical studies on PHD homologues from the cellular slime mold, Dictyostelium discoideum, and the protozoan parasite, Toxoplasma gondii, both lacking HIF. The respective prolyl-hydroxylases (DdPhyA and TgPhyA) catalyze prolyl-hydroxylation of S-phase kinase-associated protein 1 (Skp1), a reaction enabling adaptation to different dioxygen availability. Assays with full-length Skp1 substrates reveal substantial differences in the kinetic properties of DdPhyA and TgPhyA, both with respect to each other and compared with human PHD2; consistent with cellular studies, TgPhyA is more active at low dioxygen concentrations than DdPhyA. TgSkp1 is a DdPhyA substrate and DdSkp1 is a TgPhyA substrate. No cross-reactivity was detected between DdPhyA/TgPhyA substrates and human PHD2. The human Skp1 E147P variant is a DdPhyA and TgPhyA substrate, suggesting some retention of ancestral interactions. Crystallographic analysis of DdPhyA enables comparisons with homologues from humans, Trichoplax adhaerens, and prokaryotes, informing on differences in mobile elements involved in substrate binding and catalysis. In DdPhyA, two mobile loops that enclose substrates in the PHDs are conserved, but the C-terminal helix of the PHDs is strikingly absent. The combined results support the proposal that PHD homologues have evolved kinetic and structural features suited to their specific sensing roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongri Liu
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Martine I Abboud
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Anthony Tumber
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Adam P Hardy
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kerstin Lippl
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Elisabete Pires
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - James Wickens
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Christopher M West
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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30
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Li Z, Zhen S, Su K, Tumber A, Yu Q, Dong Y, McDonough M, Schofield CJ, Zhang X. A small-molecule probe for monitoring binding to prolyl hydroxylase domain 2 by fluorescence polarisation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:14199-14202. [PMID: 33111730 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06353c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of the dioxygen sensing hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylases has potential therapeutic benefit for treatment of diseases, including anaemia. We describe the discovery of a small-molecule probe useful for monitoring binding to human prolyl hydroxylase domain 2 (PHD2) via fluorescence polarisation. The assay is suitable for high-throughput screening of PHD inhibitors with both weak and strong affinities, as shown by work with clinically used inhibitors and naturally occurring PHD inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Li
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Discovery, Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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Wei TY, Wu YJ, Xie QP, Tang JW, Yu ZT, Yang SB, Chen SX. CRISPR/Cas9-Based Genome Editing in the Filamentous Fungus Glarea lozoyensis and Its Application in Manipulating gloF. ACS Synth Biol 2020; 9:1968-1977. [PMID: 32786921 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.9b00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Glarea lozoyensis is an important industrial fungus that produces the pneumocandin B0, which is used for the synthesis of antifungal drug caspofungin. However, because of the limitations and complications of traditional genetic tools, G. lozoyensis strain engineering has been hindered. In this study, we established an efficient CRISPR/Cas9-based gene editing tool in G. lozoyensis SIPI1208. With this method, gene mutagenesis efficiency in the target locus can be up to 80%, which enables the rapid gene knockout. According to the reports, GloF and Ap-HtyE, proline hydroxylases involved in pneumocandin and Echinocandin B biosynthesis, respectively, can catalyze the proline to generate different ratios of trans-3-hydroxy-l-proline to trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline. Heterologous expression of Ap-HtyE in G. lozoyensis decreased the ratio of pneumocandin C0 to (pneumocandin B0 + pneumocandin C0) from 33.5% to 11% without the addition of proline to the fermentation medium. Furthermore, the gloF was replaced by ap-htyE to study the production of pneumocandin C0. However, the gene replacement has been hampered by traditional gene tools since gloF and gloG, two contiguous genes indispensable in the biosynthesis of pneumocandins, are cotranscribed into one mRNA. With the CRISPR/Cas9 strategy, ap-htyE was knocked in and successfully replaced gloF, and results showed that the knock-in strain retained the ability to produce pneumocandin B0, but the production of pneumocandin C0 was abolished. Thus, this strain displayed a competitive advantage in the industrial production of pneumocandin B0. In summary, this study showed that the CRISPR/Cas9-based gene editing tool is efficient for manipulating genes in G. lozoyensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Yun Wei
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuan-Jie Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qiu-Ping Xie
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jia-Wei Tang
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhi-Tuo Yu
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Song-Bai Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shao-Xin Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 285 Gebaini Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
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Tsai YM, Wu KL, Chang YY, Chang WA, Huang YC, Jian SF, Tsai PH, Lin YS, Chong IW, Hung JY, Hsu YL. Loss of miR-145-5p Causes Ceruloplasmin Interference with PHD-Iron Axis and HIF-2α Stabilization in Lung Adenocarcinoma-Mediated Angiogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21145081. [PMID: 32708433 PMCID: PMC7404111 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, lung cancer has been the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) play critical roles in mediating lung cancer development and metastasis. The present study aims to clarify how HIF’s over-activation affects lung cancer angiogenesis not only in a normoxic condition, but also a hypoxic niche. Our study shows that human lung cancer exhibits elevated levels of ceruloplasmin (CP), which has a negative impact on the prognosis of patients. CP affects the cellular Fe2+ level, which inactivates prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) 1 and 2, resulting in HIF-2α enhancement. Increased HIF-2α leads to vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) secretion and angiogenesis. The expression of CP is under the epigenetic control of miR-145-5p. Restoration of miR-145-5p by miRNA mimics transfection decreases CP expression, increases Fe2+ and PHD1/2 levels and HIF hydroxylation while reduced HIF-2α levels resulting in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. In contrast, inhibition of miR-145-5p by miRNA inhibitors increases the expression of CP and VEGF-A in lung cancer cells. Significantly, miR-145-5p expression is lost in the tumor samples of lung cancer patients, and low miR-145-5p expression is strongly correlated with a shorter overall survival time. In conclusion, the current study reveals the clinical importance and prognostic value of miR-145-5p and CP. It identifies a unique mechanism of HIF-2α over-activation, which is mediated by iron imbalance of the iron-PHD coupling that modulates tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ming Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-M.T.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (P.-H.T.); (Y.-S.L.); (I.-W.C.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-Y.C.); (W.-A.C.)
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Respiratory Care, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Li Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-M.T.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (P.-H.T.); (Y.-S.L.); (I.-W.C.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-Y.C.); (W.-A.C.)
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Yun Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-Y.C.); (W.-A.C.)
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wei-An Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-Y.C.); (W.-A.C.)
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chi Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-M.T.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (P.-H.T.); (Y.-S.L.); (I.-W.C.); (Y.-L.H.)
| | - Shu-Fang Jian
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-M.T.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (P.-H.T.); (Y.-S.L.); (I.-W.C.); (Y.-L.H.)
| | - Pei-Hsun Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-M.T.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (P.-H.T.); (Y.-S.L.); (I.-W.C.); (Y.-L.H.)
| | - Yi-Shiuan Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-M.T.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (P.-H.T.); (Y.-S.L.); (I.-W.C.); (Y.-L.H.)
| | - Inn-Wen Chong
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-M.T.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (P.-H.T.); (Y.-S.L.); (I.-W.C.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-Y.C.); (W.-A.C.)
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Respiratory Care, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Yu Hung
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-M.T.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (P.-H.T.); (Y.-S.L.); (I.-W.C.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-Y.C.); (W.-A.C.)
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Respiratory Care, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-3121101 (ext. 2136); Fax: +886-7-3161210
| | - Ya-Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-M.T.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (P.-H.T.); (Y.-S.L.); (I.-W.C.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Mandalasi M, Kim HW, Thieker D, Sheikh MO, Gas-Pascual E, Rahman K, Zhao P, Daniel NG, van der Wel H, Ichikawa HT, Glushka JN, Wells L, Woods RJ, Wood ZA, West CM. A terminal α3-galactose modification regulates an E3 ubiquitin ligase subunit in Toxoplasma gondii. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:9223-9243. [PMID: 32414843 PMCID: PMC7335778 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Skp1, a subunit of E3 Skp1/Cullin-1/F-box protein ubiquitin ligases, is modified by a prolyl hydroxylase that mediates O2 regulation of the social amoeba Dictyostelium and the parasite Toxoplasma gondii The full effect of hydroxylation requires modification of the hydroxyproline by a pentasaccharide that, in Dictyostelium, influences Skp1 structure to favor assembly of Skp1/F-box protein subcomplexes. In Toxoplasma, the presence of a contrasting penultimate sugar assembled by a different glycosyltransferase enables testing of the conformational control model. To define the final sugar and its linkage, here we identified the glycosyltransferase that completes the glycan and found that it is closely related to glycogenin, an enzyme that may prime glycogen synthesis in yeast and animals. However, the Toxoplasma enzyme catalyzes formation of a Galα1,3Glcα linkage rather than the Glcα1,4Glcα linkage formed by glycogenin. Kinetic and crystallographic experiments showed that the glycosyltransferase Gat1 is specific for Skp1 in Toxoplasma and also in another protist, the crop pathogen Pythium ultimum The fifth sugar is important for glycan function as indicated by the slow-growth phenotype of gat1Δ parasites. Computational analyses indicated that, despite the sequence difference, the Toxoplasma glycan still assumes an ordered conformation that controls Skp1 structure and revealed the importance of nonpolar packing interactions of the fifth sugar. The substitution of glycosyltransferases in Toxoplasma and Pythium by an unrelated bifunctional enzyme that assembles a distinct but structurally compatible glycan in Dictyostelium is a remarkable case of convergent evolution, which emphasizes the importance of the terminal α-galactose and establishes the phylogenetic breadth of Skp1 glycoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Msano Mandalasi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Hyun W Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - David Thieker
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - M Osman Sheikh
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Elisabet Gas-Pascual
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Kazi Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Peng Zhao
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Nitin G Daniel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Hanke van der Wel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - H Travis Ichikawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - John N Glushka
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Lance Wells
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Robert J Woods
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Zachary A Wood
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Christopher M West
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
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Poblete JMS, Ballinger MN, Bao S, Alghothani M, Nevado JB, Eubank TD, Christman JW, Magalang UJ. Macrophage HIF-1α mediates obesity-related adipose tissue dysfunction via interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase M. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 318:E689-E700. [PMID: 32154744 PMCID: PMC7717118 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00174.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia leading to stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) serves as an early upstream initiator for adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction. Monocyte-derived macrophage infiltration in AT contributes to inflammation, fibrosis and obesity-related metabolic dysfunction. It was previously reported that myeloid cell-specific deletion of Hif-1α protected against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced AT dysfunction. Prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) are key regulators of HIF-1α. We examined the effects of myeloid cell-specific upregulation and stabilization of Hif-1α via deletion of prolyl-hydroxylase 2 (Phd2) and whether interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase-M (Irak-M), a known downstream target of Hif-1α, contributes to Hif-1α-induced AT dysfunction. Our data show that with HFD, Hif-1α and Irak-M expressions were increased in the AT macrophages of Phd2flox/flox/LysMcre mice compared with LysMcre mice. With HFD, Phd2flox/flox/LysMcre mice exhibited increased AT inflammation, fibrosis, and systemic insulin resistance compared with control mice. Furthermore, Phd2flox/flox/LysMcre mice bone marrow-derived macrophages exposed to hypoxia in vitro also had increased expressions of both Hif-1α and Irak-M. In wild-type mice, HFD induced upregulation of both HIF-1a and Irak-M in adipose tissue. Despite equivalent expression of Hif-1α compared with wild-type mice, globally-deficient Irak-M mice fed a HFD exhibited less macrophage infiltration, decreased inflammation and fibrosis and improved glucose tolerance. Global Irak-M deficiency was associated with an alternatively-activated macrophage phenotype in the AT after HFD. Together, these data show for the first time that an Irak-M-dependent mechanism likely mediates obesity-related AT dysfunction in conjunction with Hif-1α upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josept Mari S Poblete
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Megan N Ballinger
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Shengying Bao
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Miriam Alghothani
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jose B Nevado
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Timothy D Eubank
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - John W Christman
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ulysses J Magalang
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
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Bakshi HA, Mishra V, Satija S, Mehta M, Hakkim FL, Kesharwani P, Dua K, Chellappan DK, Charbe NB, Shrivastava G, Rajeshkumar S, Aljabali AA, Al-Trad B, Pabreja K, Tambuwala MM. Dynamics of Prolyl Hydroxylases Levels During Disease Progression in Experimental Colitis. Inflammation 2020; 42:2032-2036. [PMID: 31377947 PMCID: PMC6856031 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-01065-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) inhibitors are shown to be protective in several models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, these non-selective inhibitors are known to inhibit all the three isoforms of PHD, i.e. PHD-1, PHD-2 and PHD-3. In the present report, we investigated the associated changes in levels of PHDs during the development and recovery of chemically induced colitis in mice. The results indicated that in the experimental model of murine colitis, levels of both, PHD-1 and PHD-2 were found to be increased with the progression of the disease; however, the level of PHD-3 remained the same in group of healthy controls and mice with colitis. Thus, the findings advocated that inhibitors, which inhibited all three isoforms of PHD could not be ideal therapeutics for IBD since PHD-3 is required for normal gut function. Hence, this necessitates the development of new compounds capable of selectively inhibiting PHD-1 and PHD-2 for effective treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid A Bakshi
- SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Ulster University, Coleraine, County Londonderry, Northern Ireland, BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Vijay Mishra
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Saurabh Satija
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Meenu Mehta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Faruk L Hakkim
- Department of Mathematics and Sciences, College of Arts and Applied Sciences, Dhofar University, Salalah, Oman
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Dinesh K Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nitin B Charbe
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña McKenna 4860, 7820436, Macul, Santiago, Chile
- Sri Adichunchunagiri College of Pharmacy, Sri Adichunchunagiri University, BG Nagar, Karnataka, 571418, India
| | | | - S Rajeshkumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, India
| | - Alaa A Aljabali
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Bahaa Al-Trad
- Department of Biological Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, 21163, Jordan
| | - Kavita Pabreja
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Ulster University, Coleraine, County Londonderry, Northern Ireland, BT52 1SA, UK.
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Pankova D, Jiang Y, Chatzifrangkeskou M, Vendrell I, Buzzelli J, Ryan A, Brown C, O'Neill E. RASSF1A controls tissue stiffness and cancer stem-like cells in lung adenocarcinoma. EMBO J 2019; 38:e100532. [PMID: 31268606 PMCID: PMC6600643 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2018100532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death due to poor treatment responses and resistance arising from tumour heterogeneity. Here, we show that adverse prognosis associated with epigenetic silencing of the tumour suppressor RASSF1A is due to increased deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), tumour stiffness and metastatic dissemination in vitro and in vivo. We find that lung cancer cells with RASSF1A promoter methylation display constitutive nuclear YAP1 accumulation and expression of prolyl 4-hydroxylase alpha-2 (P4HA2) which increases collagen deposition. Furthermore, we identify that elevated collagen creates a stiff ECM which in turn triggers cancer stem-like programming and metastatic dissemination in vivo. Re-expression of RASSF1A or inhibition of P4HA2 activity reverses these effects and increases markers of lung differentiation (TTF-1 and Mucin 5B). Our study identifies RASSF1A as a clinical biomarker associated with mechanical properties of ECM which increases the levels of cancer stemness and risk of metastatic progression in lung adenocarcinoma. Moreover, we highlight P4HA2 as a potential target for uncoupling ECM signals that support cancer stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yanyan Jiang
- Department of OncologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Oxford Institute for Radiation OncologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | | | - Iolanda Vendrell
- Department of OncologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- TDI Mass Spectrometry LaboratoryNuffield Department of MedicineTarget Discovery Institute University of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Jon Buzzelli
- Department of OncologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Anderson Ryan
- Department of OncologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Oxford Institute for Radiation OncologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Cameron Brown
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical EngineeringQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQldAustralia
| | - Eric O'Neill
- Department of OncologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Systems Biology IrelandUniversity College DublinDublin 4Ireland
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Florimond C, Cordonnier C, Taujale R, van der Wel H, Kannan N, West CM, Blader IJ. A Toxoplasma Prolyl Hydroxylase Mediates Oxygen Stress Responses by Regulating Translation Elongation. mBio 2019; 10:e00234-19. [PMID: 30914506 PMCID: PMC6437050 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00234-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii disseminates through its host, it responds to environmental changes by altering its gene expression, metabolism, and other processes. Oxygen is one variable environmental factor, and properly adapting to changes in oxygen levels is critical to prevent the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and other cytotoxic factors. Thus, oxygen-sensing proteins are important, and among these, 2-oxoglutarate-dependent prolyl hydroxylases are highly conserved throughout evolution. Toxoplasma expresses two such enzymes, TgPHYa, which regulates the SCF-ubiquitin ligase complex, and TgPHYb. To characterize TgPHYb, we created a Toxoplasma strain that conditionally expresses TgPHYb and report that TgPHYb is required for optimal parasite growth under normal growth conditions. However, exposing TgPHYb-depleted parasites to extracellular stress leads to severe decreases in parasite invasion, which is likely due to decreased abundance of parasite adhesins. Adhesin protein abundance is reduced in TgPHYb-depleted parasites as a result of inactivation of the protein synthesis elongation factor eEF2 that is accompanied by decreased rates of translational elongation. In contrast to most other oxygen-sensing proteins that mediate cellular responses to low O2, TgPHYb is specifically required for parasite growth and protein synthesis at high, but not low, O2 tensions as well as resistance to reactive oxygen species. In vivo, reduced TgPHYb expression leads to lower parasite burdens in oxygen-rich tissues. Taken together, these data identify TgPHYb as a sensor of high O2 levels, in contrast to TgPHYa, which supports the parasite at low O2IMPORTANCE Because oxygen plays a key role in the growth of many organisms, cells must know how much oxygen is available. O2-sensing proteins are therefore critical cellular factors, and prolyl hydroxylases are the best-studied type of O2-sensing proteins. In general, prolyl hydroxylases trigger cellular responses to decreased oxygen availability. But, how does a cell react to high levels of oxygen? Using the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, we discovered a prolyl hydroxylase that allows the parasite to grow at elevated oxygen levels and does so by regulating protein synthesis. Loss of this enzyme also reduces parasite burden in oxygen-rich tissues, indicating that sensing both high and low levels of oxygen impacts the growth and physiology of Toxoplasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Florimond
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo School of Medicine, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Charlotte Cordonnier
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo School of Medicine, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Rahil Taujale
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Hanke van der Wel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Natarajan Kannan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Christopher M West
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Ira J Blader
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo School of Medicine, Buffalo, New York, USA
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38
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Thinnes CC, Lohans CT, Abboud MI, Yeh T, Tumber A, Nowak RP, Attwood M, Cockman ME, Oppermann U, Loenarz C, Schofield CJ. Selective Inhibitors of a Human Prolyl Hydroxylase (OGFOD1) Involved in Ribosomal Decoding. Chemistry 2019; 25:2019-2024. [PMID: 30427558 PMCID: PMC6471485 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human prolyl hydroxylases are involved in the modification of transcription factors, procollagen, and ribosomal proteins, and are current medicinal chemistry targets. To date, there are few reports on inhibitors selective for the different types of prolyl hydroxylases. We report a structurally informed template-based strategy for the development of inhibitors selective for the human ribosomal prolyl hydroxylase OGFOD1. These inhibitors did not target the other human oxygenases tested, including the structurally similar hypoxia-inducible transcription factor prolyl hydroxylase, PHD2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tzu‐Lan Yeh
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Anthony Tumber
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX1 3TAUK
- Structural Genomics ConsortiumUniversity of OxfordHeadingtonOX3 7DQUK
| | - Radosław P. Nowak
- Structural Genomics ConsortiumUniversity of OxfordHeadingtonOX3 7DQUK
- Department of Cancer BiologyDana-Farber Cancer InstituteBoston, MA02215USA
| | - Martin Attwood
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular PhysiologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX3 7BNUK
| | - Matthew E. Cockman
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular PhysiologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX3 7BNUK
| | - Udo Oppermann
- Structural Genomics ConsortiumUniversity of OxfordHeadingtonOX3 7DQUK
| | - Christoph Loenarz
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX1 3TAUK
- Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesAlbert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg79104FreiburgGermany
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39
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Mayer M, Fey K, Heinze E, Wick CR, Abboud MI, Yeh TL, Tumber A, Orth N, Schley G, Buchholz B, Clark T, Schofield CJ, Willam C, Burzlaff N. A Fluorescent Benzo[g]isoquinoline-Based HIF Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor for Cellular Imaging. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:94-99. [PMID: 30380199 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Prolyl hydroxylation domain (PHD) enzymes catalyze the hydroxylation of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) and serve as cellular oxygen sensors. HIF and the PHD enzymes regulate numerous potentially tissue-protective target genes which can adapt cells to metabolic and ischemic stress. We describe a fluorescent PHD inhibitor (1-chloro-4-hydroxybenzo[g]isoquinoline-3-carbonyl)glycine which is suited to fluorescence-based detection assays and for monitoring PHD inhibitors in biological systems. In cell-based assays, application of the fluorescent PHD inhibitor allowed co-localization with a cellular PHD enzyme and led to live cell imaging of processes involved in cellular oxygen sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marleen Mayer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Fey
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eva Heinze
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian R Wick
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Computer Chemistry Center (CCC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstraße 25, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
- Institute for Theoretical Physics I, PULS Group, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstraße 49b, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martine I Abboud
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Tzu-Lan Yeh
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Anthony Tumber
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Nicole Orth
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gunnar Schley
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Björn Buchholz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Timothy Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Computer Chemistry Center (CCC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstraße 25, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christopher J Schofield
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Carsten Willam
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicolai Burzlaff
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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40
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Cao JY, Liu BC. [Current insights into the role of HIF-PHD axis in renal anemia]. Sheng Li Xue Bao 2018; 70:623-629. [PMID: 30560271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Renal anemia, mainly caused by the deficiencies of erythropoietin (EPO) and iron metabolism disorder, is one of the most common complications of chronic kidney disease. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is a class of transcription factors responsible for maintaining homeostasis during oxygen deprivation. In normoxia, HIF is degraded by prolyl hydroxylase (PHD). While under hypoxic conditions, the hydroxylation activity of PHD is inhibited, and the cellular concentration of HIF is elevated, resulting in an increase in endogenous EPO production and iron absorption. Therefore, this regulating pathway, also termed as the HIF-PHD axis, has become a promising therapeutic target of treating renal anemia. Several innovative drugs acting as selective HIF-PHD inhibitors have been successfully developed in the past years, and some of them are undergoing clinical trials. In this review, we will introduce the definition and regulatory mechanism of HIF-PHD axis, as well as current insights into its physiologic and therapeutic role in renal anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yuan Cao
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bi-Cheng Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Song W, Yang C, Zhu C, Morris PF, Zhang X. Crystal structure and expression patterns of prolyl 4-hydroxylases from Phytophthora capsici. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 508:1011-1017. [PMID: 30551874 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Prolyl 4-hydroxylases (P4Hs) are members of the Fe2+ and 2-oxoglutarate- dependent oxygenases family, which play central roles in the collagen stabilization, hypoxia sensing, and translational regulation in eukaryotes. Thus far, nothing is known about the role of P4Hs in development and pathogenesis in oomycetes. Here we show that the Phytophthora capsici genome contains five putative prolyl 4-hydroxylases. In mycelia, all P4Hs were downregulated in response to hypoxia, but the expression of PcP4H1 was most affected. Strikingly, Pc4H1 was upregulated more than 110 fold at the onset of infection, and Pc4H5 was upregulated seven fold, while the expression of other P4H's were unchanged. Similar to well-characterized P4H proteins, the crystallographic structure of PcP4H1 contains a highly conserved double-stranded β-helix core fold and catalytic residues. However, the binding affinity of 2-oxoglutarate to PcP4H1 is very low. The extended C-terminal α-helix bundle and longer β2-β3 disordered substrate binding loop may help in confirming the peptide target of this enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Song
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Cancan Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Chunyuan Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Paul F Morris
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43403, USA
| | - Xiuguo Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
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Walport LJ, Schofield CJ. Adventures in Defining Roles of Oxygenases in the Regulation of Protein Biosynthesis. CHEM REC 2018; 18:1760-1781. [PMID: 30151867 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) dependent oxygenases were first identified as having roles in the post-translational modification of procollagen in animals. Subsequently in plants and microbes, they were shown to have roles in the biosynthesis of many secondary metabolites, including signalling molecules and the penicillin/cephalosporin antibiotics. Crystallographic studies of microbial 2OG oxygenases and related enzymes, coupled to DNA sequence analyses, led to the prediction that 2OG oxygenases are widely distributed in aerobic biology. This personal account begins with examples of the roles of 2OG oxygenases in antibiotic biosynthesis, and then describes efforts to assign functions to other predicted 2OG oxygenases. In humans, 2OG oxygenases have been found to have roles in small molecule metabolism, as well as in the epigenetic regulation of protein and nucleic acid biosynthesis and function. The roles and functions of human 2OG oxygenases are compared, focussing on discussion of their substrate and product selectivities. The account aims to emphasize how scoping the substrate selectivity of, sometimes promiscuous, enzymes can provide insights into their functions and so enable therapeutic work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise J Walport
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Christopher J Schofield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
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Fricker M, Goggins BJ, Mateer S, Jones B, Kim RY, Gellatly SL, Jarnicki AG, Powell N, Oliver BG, Radford-Smith G, Talley NJ, Walker MM, Keely S, Hansbro PM. Chronic cigarette smoke exposure induces systemic hypoxia that drives intestinal dysfunction. JCI Insight 2018; 3:94040. [PMID: 29415878 PMCID: PMC5821186 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.94040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Cigarette smoke (CS) exposure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are risk factors for CD, although the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. We employed a mouse model of CS-induced experimental COPD and clinical studies to examine these mechanisms. Concurrent with the development of pulmonary pathology and impaired gas exchange, CS-exposed mice developed CD-associated pathology in the colon and ileum, including gut mucosal tissue hypoxia, HIF-2 stabilization, inflammation, increased microvasculature, epithelial cell turnover, and decreased intestinal barrier function. Subsequent smoking cessation reduced GIT pathology, particularly in the ileum. Dimethyloxaloylglycine, a pan-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, ameliorated CS-induced GIT pathology independently of pulmonary pathology. Prior smoke exposure exacerbated intestinal pathology in 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced (TNBS-induced) colitis. Circulating vascular endothelial growth factor, a marker of systemic hypoxia, correlated with CS exposure and CD in mice and humans. Increased mucosal vascularisation was evident in ileum biopsies from CD patients who smoke compared with nonsmokers, supporting our preclinical data. We provide strong evidence that chronic CS exposure and, for the first time to our knowledge, associated impaired gas exchange cause systemic and intestinal ischemia, driving angiogenesis and GIT epithelial barrier dysfunction, resulting in increased risk and severity of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Fricker
- Priority research Centre for Healthy Lungs, University of Newcastle and
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bridie J. Goggins
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sean Mateer
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bernadette Jones
- Priority research Centre for Healthy Lungs, University of Newcastle and
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard Y. Kim
- Priority research Centre for Healthy Lungs, University of Newcastle and
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shaan L. Gellatly
- Priority research Centre for Healthy Lungs, University of Newcastle and
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew G. Jarnicki
- Priority research Centre for Healthy Lungs, University of Newcastle and
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicholas Powell
- Faculty of Translational Medicine, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ and King’s College London Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Great Maze Pond, London, United Kingdom
| | - Brian G. Oliver
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Technology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Graham Radford-Smith
- Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, and
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicholas J. Talley
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marjorie M. Walker
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Simon Keely
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Philip M. Hansbro
- Priority research Centre for Healthy Lungs, University of Newcastle and
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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Zhou J, Li J, Rosenbaum DM, Zhuang J, Poon C, Qin P, Rivera K, Lepore J, Willette RN, Hu E, Barone FC. The prolyl 4-hydroxylase inhibitor GSK360A decreases post-stroke brain injury and sensory, motor, and cognitive behavioral deficits. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184049. [PMID: 28880966 PMCID: PMC5589177 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There is interest in pharmacologic preconditioning for end-organ protection by targeting the HIF system. This can be accomplished by inhibition of prolyl 4-hydroxylase (PHD). GSK360A is an orally active PHD inhibitor that has been previously shown to protect the failing heart. We hypothesized that PHD inhibition can also protect the brain from injuries and resulting behavioral deficits that can occur as a result of surgery. Thus, our goal was to investigate the effect of pre-stroke surgery brain protection using a verified GSK360A PHD inhibition paradigm on post-stroke surgery outcomes. Vehicle or an established protective dose (30 mg/kg, p.o.) of GSK360A was administered to male Sprague-Dawley rats. Initially, GSK360A pharmacokinetics and organ distribution were determined, and then PHD-HIF pharmacodynamic markers were measured (i.e., to validate the pharmacological effects of the GSK360A administration regimen). Results obtained using this validated PHD dose-regimen indicated significant improvement by GSK360A (30mg/kg); administered at 18 and 5 hours prior to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (stroke). GSK360A exposure and plasma, kidney and brain HIF-PHD pharmacodynamics endpoints (e.g., erythropoietin; EPO and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; VEGF) were measured. GSK360A provided rapid exposure in plasma (7734 ng/ml), kidney (45–52% of plasma level) and brain (1–4% of plasma level), and increased kidney EPO mRNA (80-fold) and brain VEGF mRNA (2-fold). We also observed that GSK360A increased plasma EPO (300-fold) and VEGF (2-fold). Further assessments indicated that GSK360A reduced post-stroke surgery neurological deficits (47–64%), cognitive dysfunction (60–75%) and brain infarction (30%) 4 weeks later. Thus, PHD inhibition using GSK360A pretreatment produced long-term post-stroke brain protection and improved behavioral functioning. These data support PHD inhibition, specifically by GSK360A, as a potential strategy for pre-surgical use to reduce brain injury and functional decline due to surgery-related cerebral injury.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Behavior, Animal/drug effects
- Brain/drug effects
- Brain/metabolism
- Brain/pathology
- Brain Injuries/blood
- Brain Injuries/drug therapy
- Brain Injuries/etiology
- Brain Injuries/physiopathology
- Cognition Disorders/drug therapy
- Cognition Disorders/etiology
- Erythropoietin/blood
- Erythropoietin/genetics
- Glycine/administration & dosage
- Glycine/analogs & derivatives
- Glycine/pharmacokinetics
- Glycine/pharmacology
- Glycine/therapeutic use
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/blood
- Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/complications
- Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/pathology
- Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/physiopathology
- Male
- Motor Activity/drug effects
- Organ Specificity/drug effects
- Prolyl Hydroxylases/metabolism
- Prolyl-Hydroxylase Inhibitors/administration & dosage
- Prolyl-Hydroxylase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Prolyl-Hydroxylase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Quinolones/administration & dosage
- Quinolones/pharmacokinetics
- Quinolones/pharmacology
- Quinolones/therapeutic use
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Sensation/drug effects
- Stroke/blood
- Stroke/complications
- Stroke/physiopathology
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/blood
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhou
- Department of Neurology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Neurology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Daniel M. Rosenbaum
- Department of Neurology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- Robert F. Furchgott Foundation, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Jian Zhuang
- Department of Neurology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Carrie Poon
- Department of Neurology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Pu Qin
- Cardiac Biology, Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Katrina Rivera
- Cardiac Biology, Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - John Lepore
- Cardiac Biology, Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Robert N. Willette
- Cardiac Biology, Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Erding Hu
- Cardiac Biology, Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Frank C. Barone
- Department of Neurology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- Robert F. Furchgott Foundation, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Shi J, Ma X, Gao Y, Fan D, Zhu C, Mi Y, Xue W. Hydroxylation of Human Type III Collagen Alpha Chain by Recombinant Coexpression with a Viral Prolyl 4-Hydroxylase in Escherichia coli. Protein J 2017; 36:322-331. [PMID: 28589291 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-017-9723-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
High-level expression of recombinant collagen by genetic engineering is urgently required. Recombinant collagen is different from natural collagen in its hydroxyproline (Hyp) content and thermal stability. To obtain hydroxylated collagen for applications in biomedicine and biomaterials, the human collagen α1(III) chain was co-expressed with the viral prolyl 4-hydroxylase A085R in Escherichia coli. Unlike previous reports using human prolyl 4-hydroxylase, this study examined the hydroxylation of full-length human collagen α1(III) chain (COL3A1) by viral prolyl 4-hydroxylase. The genes encoding these two proteins were controlled by different promoters, Ptac and PRPL, on a recombinant pKK223-3 plasmid. The sequencing results verified that the target genes were successfully inserted into the recombinant vector. Based on quantitative PCR, SDS-PAGE, and western blotting, successful expression by E. coli BL21(DE3) was detected at the mRNA and protein levels for both loci. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) results suggested that the highest Hyp yield was obtained when the two proteins were induced with 0.5 mM IPTG and heat-shock treatment at 50 °C, corresponding to high enzyme expression and low human collagen α1(III) chain expression levels. A biological activity analysis indicated that the recombinant collagen with the highest hydroxylation level supported the growth of baby hamster kidney cells, similar to observations for native collagen. The production of hydroxylated collagen in this study establishes a new method for collagen hydroxylation and provides a basis for the application of recombinant collagen expressed in E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Shi
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
- Shanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Ma
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
- Shanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
- Shanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Daidi Fan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China.
- Shanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Chenhui Zhu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
- Shanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Mi
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
- Shanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenjiao Xue
- Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Microbiology, Xi'an, 710043, China
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Zou Y, Donkervoort S, Salo AM, Foley AR, Barnes AM, Hu Y, Makareeva E, Leach ME, Mohassel P, Dastgir J, Deardorff MA, Cohn RD, DiNonno WO, Malfait F, Lek M, Leikin S, Marini JC, Myllyharju J, Bönnemann CG. P4HA1 mutations cause a unique congenital disorder of connective tissue involving tendon, bone, muscle and the eye. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:2207-2217. [PMID: 28419360 PMCID: PMC6075373 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylases (C-P4Hs) play a central role in the formation and stabilization of the triple helical domain of collagens. P4HA1 encodes the catalytic α(I) subunit of the main C-P4H isoenzyme (C-P4H-I). We now report human bi-allelic P4HA1 mutations in a family with a congenital-onset disorder of connective tissue, manifesting as early-onset joint hypermobility, joint contractures, muscle weakness and bone dysplasia as well as high myopia, with evidence of clinical improvement of motor function over time in the surviving patient. Similar to P4ha1 null mice, which die prenatally, the muscle tissue from P1 and P2 was found to have reduced collagen IV immunoreactivity at the muscle basement membrane. Patients were compound heterozygous for frameshift and splice site mutations leading to reduced, but not absent, P4HA1 protein level and C-P4H activity in dermal fibroblasts compared to age-matched control samples. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed reduced thermal stability of collagen in patient-derived dermal fibroblasts versus age-matched control samples. Mutations affecting the family of C-P4Hs, and in particular C-P4H-I, should be considered in patients presenting with congenital connective tissue/myopathy overlap disorders with joint hypermobility, contractures, mild skeletal dysplasia and high myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqun Zou
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sandra Donkervoort
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Antti M. Salo
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu, Finland
| | - A. Reghan Foley
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Aileen M. Barnes
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ying Hu
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elena Makareeva
- Section on Physical Biochemistry, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Meganne E. Leach
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Children’s National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Payam Mohassel
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jahannaz Dastgir
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Matthew A. Deardorff
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ronald D. Cohn
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Centre for Genetic Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Wendy O. DiNonno
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, VA, USA
| | - Fransiska Malfait
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital and Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Monkol Lek
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sergey Leikin
- Section on Physical Biochemistry, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joan C. Marini
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Johanna Myllyharju
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu, Finland
| | - Carsten G. Bönnemann
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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47
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Schaible B, Rodriguez J, Garcia A, von Kriegsheim A, McClean S, Hickey C, Keogh CE, Brown E, Schaffer K, Broquet A, Taylor CT. Hypoxia Reduces the Pathogenicity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Decreasing the Expression of Multiple Virulence Factors. J Infect Dis 2017; 215:1459-1467. [PMID: 28368464 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of how the course of opportunistic bacterial infection is influenced by the microenvironment is limited. We demonstrate that the pathogenicity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains derived from acute clinical infections is higher than that of strains derived from chronic infections, where tissues are hypoxic. Exposure to hypoxia attenuated the pathogenicity of strains from acute (but not chronic) infections, implicating a role for hypoxia in regulating bacterial virulence. Mass spectrometric analysis of the secretome of P. aeruginosa derived from an acute infection revealed hypoxia-induced repression of multiple virulence factors independent of altered bacterial growth. Pseudomonas aeruginosa lacking the Pseudomonas prolyl-hydroxylase domain-containing protein, which has been implicated in bacterial oxygen sensing, displays reduced virulence factor expression. Furthermore, pharmacological hydroxylase inhibition reduces virulence factor expression and pathogenicity in a murine model of pneumonia. We hypothesize that hypoxia reduces P. aeruginosa virulence at least in part through the regulation of bacterial hydroxylases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amaya Garcia
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin
| | | | - Siobhán McClean
- Centre for Microbial Host Interactions, Department of Science, Institute of Technology Tallaght-Dublin, and
| | | | | | | | - Kirsten Schaffer
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; and
| | | | - Cormac T Taylor
- Conway Institute and
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin
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Lin HC, Su SL, Lu CY, Lin AH, Lin WC, Liu CS, Yang YC, Wang HM, Lii CK, Chen HW. Andrographolide inhibits hypoxia-induced HIF-1α-driven endothelin 1 secretion by activating Nrf2/HO-1 and promoting the expression of prolyl hydroxylases 2/3 in human endothelial cells. Environ Toxicol 2017; 32:918-930. [PMID: 27297870 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Andrographolide, the main bioactive component of the medicinal plant Andrographis paniculata, has been shown to possess potent anti-inflammatory activity. Endothelin 1 (ET-1), a potent vasoconstrictor peptide produced by vascular endothelial cells, displays proinflammatory property. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), the regulatory member of the transcription factor heterodimer HIF-1α/β, is one of the most important molecules that responds to hypoxia. Changes in cellular HIF-1α protein level are the result of altered gene transcription and protein stability, with the latter being dependent on prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs). In this study, inhibition of pro-inflammatory ET-1 expression and changes of HIF-1α gene transcription and protein stability under hypoxia by andrographolide in EA.hy926 endothelial-like cells were investigated. Hypoxic conditions were created using the hypoxia-mimetic agent CoCl2. We found that hypoxia stimulated the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the expression of HIF-1α mRNA and protein, and the expression and secretion of ET-1. These effects, however, were attenuated by co-exposure to andrographolide, bilirubin, and RuCO. Silencing Nrf2 and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) reversed the inhibitory effects of andrographolide on hypxoia-induced HIF-1α mRNA and protein expression. Moreover, andrographolide increased the expression of prolyl hydroxylases (PHD) 2/3, which hydroxylate HIF-1α and promotes HIF-1α proteasome degradation, with an increase in HIF-1α hydroxylation was noted under hypoxia. Inhibition of p38 MAPK abrogated the hypoxia-induced increases in HIF-1α mRNA and protein expression as well as ET-1 mRNA expression and secretion. Taken together, these results suggest that andrographolide suppresses hypoxia-induced pro-inflammatory ET-1 expression by activating Nrf2/HO-1, inhibiting p38 MAPK signaling, and promoting PHD2/3 expression. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 918-930, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chih Lin
- Division of Neonatology, College of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of China Medical University and China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Li Su
- Changhua Christian Hospital, Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua, Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yang Lu
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chun Lin
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-San Liu
- Changhua Christian Hospital, Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chen Yang
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Miao Wang
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chong-Kuei Lii
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Haw-Wen Chen
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Abiodun MO, Matsuoka K. Using Photoconvertible and Extractable Fluorescent Proteins to Study Autophagy in Plants. Methods Enzymol 2016; 588:515-526. [PMID: 28237118 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2016.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Several methodologies have been employed to understand the kinetics of induced autophagic degradation in plants, but most of them are not capable of distinguishing the autophagic cargo proteins before and after induction of autophagy in cells. Here, we designed a mass photoconverter that allowed us to simultaneously monitor protein synthesis and degradation in tobacco BY-2 cells using a photoconvertible fluorescence marker protein, Kikume Green Red (KikGR). An example of a new protocol for the analysis of autophagy progression using a fusion protein of cytochrome b5 and KikGR under phosphate starvation is described. The other example described is the analysis of the proliferation of Golgi apparatus in tobacco BY-2 cells using the fusion protein of a prolyl 4-hydroxylase NtP4H1.1 and monomeric KikGR. A detailed protocol on key analysis, as well as tips and notes for experiments using KikGR proteins, are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O Abiodun
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - K Matsuoka
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Biotron Application Center, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Research Center for Organelle Homeostasis, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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Seo K, Seo S, Ki SH, Shin SM. Sestrin2 inhibits hypoxia-inducible factor-1α accumulation via AMPK-mediated prolyl hydroxylase regulation. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 101:511-523. [PMID: 27840318 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Sestrin2 (SESN2) is an antioxidant protein that modulates cellular redox homeostasis through regeneration of peroxiredoxins. It has beneficial effects in oxidative or metabolic stress conditions as an upstream regulator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Since hypoxia causes oxidative and metabolic stress, this study investigated the effect of SESN2 on signaling pathways altered by hypoxia in colon cancer cells. SESN2 overexpression in HEK293 cells inhibited hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), which plays a crucial role in tumor growth and development in hypoxia. Moreover, infection with adenovirus-SESN2 (Ad-SESN2) decreased hypoxia or CoCl2-induced HIF-1α accumulation in colorectal cancer cells. Ad-SESN2 also reduced CoCl2-induced hypoxia response element (HRE)-luciferase activity and mRNA level of HIF-1α-driven genes. Furthermore, Ad-SESN2 infected cells showed anti-metastatic effects in serum-induced cell migration and invasion in vitro. Ad-SESN2 facilitated the ubiquitination of HIF-1α protein and increased hydroxyl-HIF-1α (OH-HIF-1α) level. In contrast, treatment with dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), an inhibitor of prolyl hydroxylase (PHD), reversed Ad-SESN2-induced OH-HIF-1α and subsequently suppressed HIF-1α level. The inhibitory effects of SESN2 on the serum-induced in vitro cell migration and invasion were also abrogated by DMOG treatment. Furthermore, knockdown of AMPKα reversed Ad-SESN2-mediated increase of OH-HIF-1α and inhibition of HIF-1α. Dominant-negative form of AMPK also restored the Ad-SESN2 mediated decrease in HIF-1α accumulation. Lastly, Ad-SESN2 suppressed tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model. Taken together, these results suggest that SESN2 increases degradation of HIF-1α via AMPK-PHD regulation that contributes to inhibition of in vitro and in vivo tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyuhwa Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, South Korea
| | - Suho Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, South Korea
| | - Sung Hwan Ki
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, South Korea
| | - Sang Mi Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, South Korea.
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