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Janini ACP, Moraes BF, Pelepenko LE, Dos Santos VAB, Barros-Costa M, Malosá GF, Batista FRDS, Meira JDAS, Matsumoto MA, Antunes TBM, Darin Filho G, Haiter Neto F, Gomes BPFDA, Marciano MA. Physicochemical properties and biological interaction of calcium silicate-based sealers - in vivo model. Clin Oral Investig 2025; 29:86. [PMID: 39856465 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-025-06150-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2025] [Indexed: 01/30/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate volumetric changes, in vivo biocompatibility, and systemic migration from eight commercial endodontic sealer materials in paste/paste, powder/liquid, and pre-mixed forms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The sealers AH Plus Bioceramic, AH Plus Jet, BioRoot RCS, MTApex, Bio-C Sealer, Bio-C Sealer Ion+, EndoSequence BC Sealer and NeoSEALER Flo were studied. After characterisation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry (XRD), tubes were implanted in Wistar rats' alveolar bone and subcutaneous tissues. Micro-CT evaluated volumetric changes pre/post 30 days of implantation. Histological and immunohistochemistry analyses assessed biocompatibility. Kidney samples underwent spectrometry (ICP-MS) for tantalum, tungsten and zirconium. Statistical analysis determined normality and significance (udp < 0.05). RESULTS Characterisation revealed calcium, silicon, and radiopacifiers in the materials. Volumetric changes showed greater alteration in subcutaneous tissues than alveolar bone; BioRoot RCS and MTApex (powder/liquid) were most stable. Histological analysis indicated intense inflammation for AH Plus Jet, moderate for others; IL-10 was marked positively for all materials. AH Plus Jet had an 18-fold higher tungsten and a 37-fold higher zirconium mass fraction in kidneys versus controls, while tantalum showed lower accumulation patterns. CONCLUSION Root canal filling materials' responses varied by implantation site and form, demonstrating acceptable biocompatibility. Tantalum and zirconium oxide radiopacifiers appear systemically safe; tungsten-based radiopacifiers are unsuitable due to metal accumulation risks. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study highlights the need for further in vivo studies on endodontic sealers' chemical, biological, and physical behaviors and their systemic migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Padilha Janini
- Department of Restorative Dentistry - Endodontics, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Brenda Fornazaro Moraes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry - Endodontics, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Lauter Eston Pelepenko
- Department of Restorative Dentistry - Endodontics, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Victor Augusto Benedicto Dos Santos
- Department of Biosciences - Pharmacology, Anesthesiology and Therapeutics, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Matheus Barros-Costa
- Department of Oral Diagnosis - Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Fernanda Malosá
- Department of Restorative Dentistry - Endodontics, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Fábio Roberto de Souza Batista
- Department of Diagnostics and Surgery, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho - Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana de Aguiar Silveira Meira
- Department of Diagnostics and Surgery, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho - Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariza Akemi Matsumoto
- Department of Basic Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho - Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Thiago Bessa Marconato Antunes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry - Endodontics, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Gaspar Darin Filho
- Department of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Escola Politécnica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco Haiter Neto
- Department of Oral Diagnosis - Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marina Angélica Marciano
- Department of Restorative Dentistry - Endodontics, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Piracicaba, State University of Campinas, Av. Limeira, 901, Areião, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, CEP 13414-903, Brazil.
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