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Schinzari F, Vizioli G, Campia U, Tesauro M, Cardillo C. Variable Changes of Circulating ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4 in Different Obese Phenotypes: Relationship with Vasodilator Dysfunction. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1037. [PMID: 34440242 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9081037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity associates with premature atherosclerosis and an increased burden of cardiovascular disease, especially when accompanied by abnormalities of lipid and glucose metabolism. Angiopoietin-like (ANGPTL)3 and ANGPTL4 are metabolic regulators, whose upregulation is associated with dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. We analyzed, therefore, changes in circulating ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4 in obese patients with different metabolic phenotypes and their relation with impaired vasodilator reactivity, an early abnormality in atherosclerosis. Compared to the lean subjects (n = 42), circulating ANGPTL3 was elevated (both p > 0.001) in the patients with metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO; n = 87) and type 2 diabetes (T2D; n = 31), but not in those with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO; n = 48, p > 0.05). Circulating ANGPTL4, by contrast, was increased in all obese subgroups (all p < 0.001 vs. lean subjects). Vasodilator responses to both acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside were reduced in the three obese subgroups vs. lean subjects (all p < 0.001), with greater impairment in the patients with T2D than in those with MHO and MUO (all p < 0.05). In the whole population, an inverse relationship (r = 0.27; p = 0.003) was observed between circulating ANGPTL4 and endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation. Circulating ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4 undergo variable changes in obese patients with different metabolic phenotypes; changes in ANGPTL4 relate to endothelial dysfunction, making this protein a possible target for vascular prevention in these patients.
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Grazioli E, Romani A, Marrone G, Di Lauro M, Cerulli C, Urciuoli S, Murri A, Guerriero C, Tranchita E, Tesauro M, Parisi A, Di Daniele N, Noce A. Impact of Physical Activity and Natural Bioactive Compounds on Endothelial Dysfunction in Chronic Kidney Disease. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11080841. [PMID: 34440585 PMCID: PMC8402113 DOI: 10.3390/life11080841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a world-wide public health problem. Inflammation, endothelial dysfunction (ED) and vascular calcifications are clinical features of CKD patients that increase cardiovascular (CV) mortality. CKD-related CV disease pathogenic mechanisms are not only associated with traditional factors such as arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia, but also with ED, oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation. The typical comorbidities of CKD contribute to reduce the performance and the levels of the physical activity in nephropathic patients compared to healthy subjects. Currently, the effective role of physical activity on ED is still debated, but the available few literature data suggest its positive contribution. Another possible adjuvant treatment of ED in CKD patients is represented by natural bioactive compounds (NBCs). Among these, minor polar compounds of extra virgin olive oil (hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol and oleocanthal), polyphenols, and vitamin D seem to exert a beneficial role on ED in CKD patients. The objective of the review is to evaluate the effectiveness of physical exercise protocols and/or NBCs on ED in CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Grazioli
- Department of Exercise, Human and Health Sciences, Foro Italico University of Rome, 00135 Rome, Italy; (E.G.); (C.C.); (A.M.); (E.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Annalisa Romani
- PHYTOLAB (Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic, Food Supplement, Technology and Analysis), DiSIA, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; (A.R.); (S.U.)
| | - Giulia Marrone
- UOC of Internal Medicine—Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (C.G.); (N.D.D.)
| | - Manuela Di Lauro
- UOC of Internal Medicine—Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (C.G.); (N.D.D.)
| | - Claudia Cerulli
- Department of Exercise, Human and Health Sciences, Foro Italico University of Rome, 00135 Rome, Italy; (E.G.); (C.C.); (A.M.); (E.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Silvia Urciuoli
- PHYTOLAB (Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic, Food Supplement, Technology and Analysis), DiSIA, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; (A.R.); (S.U.)
| | - Arianna Murri
- Department of Exercise, Human and Health Sciences, Foro Italico University of Rome, 00135 Rome, Italy; (E.G.); (C.C.); (A.M.); (E.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Cristina Guerriero
- UOC of Internal Medicine—Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (C.G.); (N.D.D.)
| | - Eliana Tranchita
- Department of Exercise, Human and Health Sciences, Foro Italico University of Rome, 00135 Rome, Italy; (E.G.); (C.C.); (A.M.); (E.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Manfredi Tesauro
- UOC of Internal Medicine—Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (C.G.); (N.D.D.)
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (A.N.); Tel.: +39-06-2090-2982 (M.T.); +39-06-2090-2194 (A.N.)
| | - Attilio Parisi
- Department of Exercise, Human and Health Sciences, Foro Italico University of Rome, 00135 Rome, Italy; (E.G.); (C.C.); (A.M.); (E.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Nicola Di Daniele
- UOC of Internal Medicine—Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (C.G.); (N.D.D.)
| | - Annalisa Noce
- UOC of Internal Medicine—Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (C.G.); (N.D.D.)
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (A.N.); Tel.: +39-06-2090-2982 (M.T.); +39-06-2090-2194 (A.N.)
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Canale MP, Noce A, Di Lauro M, Marrone G, Cantelmo M, Cardillo C, Federici M, Di Daniele N, Tesauro M. Gut Dysbiosis and Western Diet in the Pathogenesis of Essential Arterial Hypertension: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041162. [PMID: 33915885 PMCID: PMC8066853 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of the most dangerous cardiovascular (CV) risk factors including visceral obesity, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, alterations in lipid metabolism and arterial hypertension (AH). In particular, AH plays a key role in the complications associated with metabolic syndrome. High salt intake is a well-known risk factor for AH and CV diseases. Vasoconstriction, impaired vasodilation, extracellular volume expansion, inflammation, and an increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity are the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of AH, induced by Western diet. Gut dysbiosis in AH is associated with reduction of short chain fatty acid-producing bacteria: acetate, butyrate and propionate, which activate different pathways, causing vasoconstriction, impaired vasodilation, salt and water retention and a consequent high blood pressure. Moreover, increased trimethylamine N-oxide and lipopolysaccharides trigger chronic inflammation, which contributes to endothelial dysfunction and target organs damage. Additionally, a high salt-intake diet impacts negatively on gut microbiota composition. A bidirectional neuronal pathway determines the “brain–gut” axis, which, in turn, influences blood pressure levels. Then, we discuss the possible adjuvant novel treatments related to gut microbiota modulation for AH control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Paola Canale
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.P.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Annalisa Noce
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.D.L.); (G.M.); (N.D.D.)
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (M.T.); Tel.: +39-06-2090-2194 (A.N.); +39-06-2090-2982 (M.T.)
| | - Manuela Di Lauro
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.D.L.); (G.M.); (N.D.D.)
| | - Giulia Marrone
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.D.L.); (G.M.); (N.D.D.)
- PhD School of Applied Medical, Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cantelmo
- School of Specialization in Geriatrics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Carmine Cardillo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy;
| | - Massimo Federici
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.P.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Nicola Di Daniele
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.D.L.); (G.M.); (N.D.D.)
| | - Manfredi Tesauro
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.D.L.); (G.M.); (N.D.D.)
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (M.T.); Tel.: +39-06-2090-2194 (A.N.); +39-06-2090-2982 (M.T.)
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De Stefano A, Caporali S, Di Daniele N, Rovella V, Cardillo C, Schinzari F, Minieri M, Pieri M, Candi E, Bernardini S, Tesauro M, Terrinoni A. Anti-Inflammatory and Proliferative Properties of Luteolin-7-O-Glucoside. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1321. [PMID: 33525692 PMCID: PMC7865871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids display a broad range of structures and are responsible for the major organoleptic characteristics of plant-derived foods and beverages. Recent data showed their activity, and in particular of luteolin-7-O-glucoside (LUT-7G), in reduction of oxidative stress and inflammatory mechanisms in different physiological systems. In this paper, we tried to elucidate how LUT-7G could exert both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in endothelial cells cultured in vitro. Here, we showed that LUT-7G is able to inhibit the STAT3 pathway, to have an antiproliferative action, and an important antioxidant property in HUVEC cells. These properties are exerted by the flavone in endothelial through the transcriptional repression of a number of inflammatory cytokines and their receptors, and by the inhibition of ROS generation. ROS and STAT3 activation has been correlated with the production of oxysterols and other hydroxylated fatty acids, and they have been recognized important as players of atherogenesis and cardiocirculatory system diseases. The analysis of the general production pathway of these hydroxylated species, showed a strong decrease of cholesterol hydroxylated species such as 7-alpha-hydroxicholesterol, 7-beta-hydroxicholesterol by the treatment with LUT-7G. This confirms the anti-inflammatory properties of LUT-7G also in the endothelial district, showing for the first time the molecular pathway that verify previous postulated cardiovascular benefits of this flavone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro De Stefano
- Centre of Space Biomedicine, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.D.S.); (N.D.D.); (V.R.); (M.T.)
| | - Sabrina Caporali
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Nicola Di Daniele
- Centre of Space Biomedicine, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.D.S.); (N.D.D.); (V.R.); (M.T.)
| | - Valentina Rovella
- Centre of Space Biomedicine, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.D.S.); (N.D.D.); (V.R.); (M.T.)
| | - Carmine Cardillo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Cattolica University of Rome, Via Montpellier, 1, 00133 Rome, Italy;
- Internal Medicine, Policlinico A. Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesca Schinzari
- Internal Medicine, Policlinico A. Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Marilena Minieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (S.B.)
| | - Massimo Pieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (S.B.)
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (S.B.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, IDI-IRCCS Fondazione Luigi Maria Monti, Via Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Bernardini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (S.B.)
| | - Manfredi Tesauro
- Centre of Space Biomedicine, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.D.S.); (N.D.D.); (V.R.); (M.T.)
| | - Alessandro Terrinoni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (S.B.)
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Tesauro M, Guida AM, Siragusa L, Sensi B, Bellato V, Di Daniele N, Divizia A, Franceschilli M, Sica GS. Preoperative Immunonutrition vs. Standard Dietary Advice in Normo-Nourished Patients Undergoing Fast-Track Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10030413. [PMID: 33499058 PMCID: PMC7865842 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10030413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunonutrition (IN) appears to reduce infective complications and in-hospital length of stay (LOS) after major gastrointestinal surgery, but its use in normo-nourished patients is still controversial. The primary aim of this comparative observational study was to evaluate if pre-operative IN reduces in-hospital stay in patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal resection for cancer under an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) program. The influence of IN on time to first bowel movements, time to full oral diet tolerance, number and type of complications, reasons of prolonged LOS and readmission rate was evaluated as secondary outcome. Patients undergoing ERAS laparoscopic colorectal resection between December 2016 and December 2019 were reviewed. Patients who have received preoperative IN (group A) were compared to those receiving standard dietary advice (group B). Mean in-hospital LOS was significantly shorter in patients receiving preoperative IN than standard dietary advice (4.85 ± 2.25 days vs. 6.06 ± 3.95 days; p < 0.0492). No differences in secondary outcomes were observed. Preoperative IN associated with ERAS protocol in normo-nourished patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal cancer resection seems to reduce LOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfredi Tesauro
- Department of Systems Medicine, University Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.T.); (N.D.D.)
| | - Andrea M. Guida
- Department of Surgical Science, University Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.M.G.); (L.S.); (B.S.); (V.B.); (A.D.); (M.F.)
| | - Leandro Siragusa
- Department of Surgical Science, University Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.M.G.); (L.S.); (B.S.); (V.B.); (A.D.); (M.F.)
| | - Bruno Sensi
- Department of Surgical Science, University Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.M.G.); (L.S.); (B.S.); (V.B.); (A.D.); (M.F.)
| | - Vittoria Bellato
- Department of Surgical Science, University Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.M.G.); (L.S.); (B.S.); (V.B.); (A.D.); (M.F.)
| | - Nicola Di Daniele
- Department of Systems Medicine, University Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.T.); (N.D.D.)
| | - Andrea Divizia
- Department of Surgical Science, University Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.M.G.); (L.S.); (B.S.); (V.B.); (A.D.); (M.F.)
| | - Marzia Franceschilli
- Department of Surgical Science, University Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.M.G.); (L.S.); (B.S.); (V.B.); (A.D.); (M.F.)
| | - Giuseppe S. Sica
- Department of Surgical Science, University Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.M.G.); (L.S.); (B.S.); (V.B.); (A.D.); (M.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-(06)-2090-2922
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Noce A, Santoro ML, Marrone G, D'Agostini C, Amelio I, Duggento A, Tesauro M, Di Daniele N. Serological determinants of COVID-19. Biol Direct 2020; 15:21. [PMID: 33138856 PMCID: PMC7605129 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-020-00276-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection spreaded rapidly worldwide, as far as it has become a global pandemic. Therefore, the introduction of serological tests for determination of IgM and IgG antibodies has become the main diagnostic tool, useful for tracking the spread of the virus and for consequently allowing its containment. In our study we compared point of care test (POCT) lateral flow immunoassay (FIA) vs automated chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA), in order to assess their specificity and sensibility for COVID-19 antibodies detection. RESULTS We find that different specificities and sensitivities for IgM and IgG tests. Notably IgM POCT FIA method vs CLIA method (gold standard) has a low sensitivity (0.526), while IgG POCT FIA method vs CLIA method (gold standard) test has a much higher sensitivity (0.937); further, with respect of IgG, FIA and CLIA could arguably provide equivalent information. CONCLUSIONS FIA method could be helpful in assessing in short time, the possible contagiousness of subjects that for work reasons cannot guarantee "social distancing".
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Noce
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Luisa Santoro
- Laboratory Pathologist Director of Artemisia Lab - Alessandria, Via Piave, 76 00187, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Marrone
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
- PhD School of Applied Medical, Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Cartesio D'Agostini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Policlinico Tor Vergata, viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Ivano Amelio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andrea Duggento
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Manfredi Tesauro
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Nicola Di Daniele
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
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Nistal M, Zoltani M, Lohse AW, Di Daniele N, Tesauro M, Pace A. Corrigendum to "Analysis of the Power of Common Diagnostic Tools in the Management of Acute Pancreatitis". Gastroenterol Res Pract 2018; 2018:4929275. [PMID: 30034466 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4929275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
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Nistal M, Zoltani M, Lohse AW, Di Daniele N, Tesauro M, Pace A. Analysis of the Power of Common Diagnostic Tools in the Management of Acute Pancreatitis. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2014; 2014:1-4. [PMID: 25214831 PMCID: PMC4156975 DOI: 10.1155/2014/438697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a serious medical condition usually associated with severe upper abdominal pain. The purpose of our study is to assess the therapeutic consequences of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) and the predictive value of CRP for severe pancreatitis. We included patients with a threefold increase of plasma lipase who had received a CE-CT or had a CRP of =150 mg/dl. A total of 74 out of 283 patients got a contrast-enhanced CT scan; in 11 cases the CT was followed by endoscopic or surgical interventions as therapeutic consequences compared with 19 out of 50 control cases. 69 out of 283 patients (24,3%) had CRP >150 mg/dl within 48 hours after admission. 32 of them had SAP. The CRP cutoff of 150 mg/L had a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 65%. The positive predictive value for SAP in patients beyond the cutoff is 46.4%. The negative predictive value for SAP in patients below the cutoff was 89.5%. Our results support the opinion that an early CE-CT is usually not indicated. CRP helps to assess the course of AP; levels below 150 mg/dl between the first 48 h indicate a mild course in most of the cases.
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Pitocco D, Tesauro M, Alessandro R, Ghirlanda G, Cardillo C. Oxidative stress in diabetes: implications for vascular and other complications. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:21525-50. [PMID: 24177571 PMCID: PMC3856020 DOI: 10.3390/ijms141121525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, oxidative stress has become a focus of interest in most biomedical disciplines and many types of clinical research. Increasing evidence shows that oxidative stress is associated with the pathogenesis of diabetes, obesity, cancer, ageing, inflammation, neurodegenerative disorders, hypertension, apoptosis, cardiovascular diseases, and heart failure. Based on these studies, an emerging concept is that oxidative stress is the “final common pathway” through which the risk factors for several diseases exert their deleterious effects. Oxidative stress causes a complex dysregulation of cell metabolism and cell–cell homeostasis; in particular, oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. These are the two most relevant mechanisms in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes and its vascular complications, the leading cause of death in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Pitocco
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University Medical School, Largo Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy; E-Mails: (D.P.); (R.A.); (G.G.)
| | - Manfredi Tesauro
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Viale Oxford 81, Rome 00133, Italy; E-Mail:
| | - Rizzi Alessandro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University Medical School, Largo Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy; E-Mails: (D.P.); (R.A.); (G.G.)
| | - Giovanni Ghirlanda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University Medical School, Largo Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy; E-Mails: (D.P.); (R.A.); (G.G.)
| | - Carmine Cardillo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University Medical School, Largo Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy; E-Mails: (D.P.); (R.A.); (G.G.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +39-06-3015-4846; Fax: +39-06-3015-7232
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Tesauro M, Iantorno M, Campia U. Obesity-related metabolic syndrome and vascular complications. Int J Endocrinol 2013; 2013:534056. [PMID: 24489541 PMCID: PMC3899710 DOI: 10.1155/2013/534056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Manfredi Tesauro
- Dipartimento di Medicina dei Sistemi, Università di Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- *Manfredi Tesauro:
| | - Micaela Iantorno
- Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Umberto Campia
- MedStar Heart Institute and MedStar Cardiovascular Research Network, Washington, DC 20009, USA
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Tesauro M, Canale MP, Rodia G, Di Daniele N, Lauro D, Scuteri A, Cardillo C. Metabolic syndrome, chronic kidney, and cardiovascular diseases: role of adipokines. Cardiol Res Pract 2011; 2011:653182. [PMID: 21403882 PMCID: PMC3051177 DOI: 10.4061/2011/653182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2010] [Revised: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 01/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic disease, whose incidence is alarmingly growing. It is associated with metabolic abnormalities and cardiovascular complications. These complications are clustered in the metabolic syndrome (MetS) leading to high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Obesity predisposes to diabetic nephropathy, hypertensive nephrosclerosis, and focal and segmental glomerular sclerosis and represents an independent risk factor for the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Albuminuria is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Microalbuminuria has been described as early manifestation of MetS-associated kidney damage and diabetic nephropathy. Obesity and MetS affect renal physiology and metabolism through mechanisms which include altered levels of adipokines such as leptin and adiponectin, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Secretory products of adipose tissue also deeply and negatively influence endothelial function. A better understanding of these interactions will help in designing more effective treatments aimed to protect both renal and cardiovascular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfredi Tesauro
- Department of Medicina Interna, Università di Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Tesauro M, Schinzari F, Caramanti M, Lauro R, Cardillo C. Cardiovascular and metabolic effects of ghrelin. Curr Diabetes Rev 2010; 6:228-35. [PMID: 20459393 DOI: 10.2174/157339910791658871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2010] [Accepted: 04/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Ghrelin is an orexigenic peptide hormone secreted into the systemic circulation predominantly by the X/A-like cells in the mucosa of the stomach. In addiction to central effects on food intake and growth hormone release, ghrelin has also important vascular and metabolic actions. Our laboratory has shown that administration of exogenous ghrelin acutely improves endothelial function by increasing nitric oxide bioavailability and normalizing the alterate balance between endothelin 1/nitric oxide (ET-1/NO) within the vasculature of individuals with metabolic syndrome. Additionally, in endothelial cell cultures, it has been shown that ghrelin directly stimulates NO production using a signaling pathway that involves GHSR-1a, PI 3-kinase, Akt, and eNOS. Other cardiovascular effects of ghrelin include lowering of peripheral resistance, improvement of contractility and cardiac output. In addition ghrelin plays a significant role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis, lipid profiles and body composition. Importantly, ghrelin has antinflammatory and antiapoptotic effects both in vivo and in vitro. This review focuses on the physiological roles of ghrelin in regulating metabolic and endothelial function and on the potential of ghrelin as the therapeutic target to treat metabolic and cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfredi Tesauro
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy.
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Tesauro M, Leo R, Lauro R, Cardillo C. [Endothelial dysfunction and diabetes: possible role in kidney damage]. G Ital Nefrol 2009; 26 Suppl 46:62-70. [PMID: 19644821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial damage, with loss of the vascular protective effects of nitric oxide (NO), is an important early step in the development of microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes. Endothelial dysfunction is closely associated with diabetic nephropathy in type 1 and 2 diabetes. In this review we will discuss the mechanisms by which hyperglycemia may cause kidney damage and endothelial dysfunction. Hyperglycemia causes microvascular dysfunction, which contributes to the development of end stage renal disease. Determining the role of endothelial abnormalities in the development of diabetic nephropathy is critical to understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of the microvascular complications of diabetes. Endothelial function can be assessed by invasive and noninvasive techniques both in the coronary and peripheral circulation. Endothelial dysfunction is considered a reversible phenomenon; pharmacological intervention with hypolipidemic agents, insulin sensitizers, ACE inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) as well as dietary and lifestyle modifications have been shown to reverse it.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tesauro
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, Universita' di Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford, 81, 00133 Roma, Italy.
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Tesauro M, Rizza S, Iantorno M, Campia U, Cardillo C, Lauro D, Leo R, Turriziani M, Cocciolillo GC, Fusco A, Panza JA, Scuteri A, Federici M, Lauro R, Quon MJ. Vascular, metabolic, and inflammatory abnormalities in normoglycemic offspring of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metabolism 2007; 56:413-9. [PMID: 17292732 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2006.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2006] [Accepted: 10/25/2006] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction, insulin resistance, and elevated levels of circulating proinflammatory markers are among the earliest detectable abnormalities in people at risk for atherosclerosis. Accelerated atherosclerosis is a leading contributor to morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus, a complex genetic disorder. Therefore, we hypothesized that normoglycemic offspring of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (NOPD) may have impaired vascular and metabolic function related to an enhanced proinflammatory state. We compared NOPD (n = 51) with matched healthy control subjects without family history of diabetes (n = 35). Flow- and nitroglycerin-mediated brachial artery vasodilation were assessed by ultrasound to evaluate endothelium-dependent and -independent vascular function. Each subject also underwent an oral glucose tolerance test to evaluate metabolic function. Fasting levels of plasma adiponectin and circulating markers of inflammation (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, CD40 ligand, interleukin 1beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, and intracellular adhesion molecule) were measured. Both NOPD and the control group had fasting glucose and insulin levels well within the reference range. However, results from oral glucose tolerance test and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index revealed that NOPD were insulin resistant with significantly impaired flow- and nitroglycerin-mediated dilation compared with the control group. Adiponectin levels were lower, whereas many circulating markers of inflammation were higher, in NOPD compared with the control group. Normoglycemic offspring of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have impaired vascular and metabolic function accompanied by an enhanced proinflammatory state that may contribute to their increased risk of diabetes and its vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfredi Tesauro
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, Università di Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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