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Katsumata S, Hayashi Y, Oishi K, Tsukahara T, Inoue R, Obata A, Hirooka H, Kumagai H. Effects of liquefied sake lees on growth performance and faecal and blood characteristics in Japanese Black calves. Animal 2023; 17:100873. [PMID: 37399705 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquefied sake lees, a by-product of Japanese sake, is rich in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, proteins, and prebiotics derived from rice and yeast. Previous studies have reported that Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products improved the health, growth, and faecal characteristics of preweaning calves. This study investigated the effects of adding liquefied sake lees to milk replacer on the growth performance, faecal characteristics, and blood metabolites of preweaning Japanese Black calves from 6 to 90 days of age. Twenty-four Japanese Black calves at 6 days of age were randomly assigned to one of three treatments: No liquefied sake lees (C, n = 8), 100 g/d (on a fresh matter basis) liquefied sake lees mixed with milk replacer (LS, n = 8), and 200 g/d (on a fresh matter basis) liquefied sake lees mixed with milk replacer (HS, n = 8). The intake of milk replacer and calf starter, as well as, the average daily gain did not differ between the treatments. The number of days counted with faecal score 1 in LS was higher than in HS (P < 0.05), while the number of days with diarrhoea medication in LS and C was lower than HS (P < 0.05). The faecal n-butyric acid concentration tended to be higher in LS compared to C (P = 0.060). The alpha diversity index (Chao1) was higher in HS than in C and LS at 90 days of age (P < 0.05). The principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) using weighted UniFrac distance showed that the bacterial community structures in faeces among the treatments at 90 days of age were significantly different (P < 0.05). The plasma β-hydroxybutyric acid concentration, an indicator of rumen development, was higher for LS than in C throughout the experiment (P < 0.05). These results suggested that adding liquefied sake lees up to 100 g/d (on a fresh matter basis) might promote rumen development in preweaning Japanese Black calves.
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Nagao T, Yasunishi K, Kumagai H, Kodani E, Kimura K. Correlation between warfarin control and daily vitamin K intake: The difference among VKORC1 genotype. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Wang L, Setoguchi A, Oishi K, Sonoda Y, Kumagai H, Irbis C, Inamura T, Hirooka H. PSVII-22 Environmental assessment of 36 intensive dairy farms in the Southwestern China based on life cycle assessment. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Tagawa K, Ra SG, Kumagai H, Yoshikawa T, Yoshida Y, Takekoshi K, Sakai S, Miyauchi T, Maeda S. Effects of resistance training on arterial compliance and plasma endothelin-1 levels in healthy men. Physiol Res 2018; 67:S155-S166. [PMID: 29947536 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Arterial compliance (AC) is an index of the elasticity of large arteries. Endothelial dysfunction has been reported to result in reduced arterial compliance, which represents increased arterial stiffness. A reduction in AC is elicited by high-intensity resistance training, however the mechanisms are obscure. Because a single bout of resistance exercise causes a transient increase in circulating plasma endothelin-1 in humans, some vasoconstrictors may play a role in the mechanisms. The present study aimed to investigate whether resistance training-induced decrease in AC is associated with changes in circulating vasoconstrictors levels in young men. Young sedentary men were assigned to control (n=5) or training (n=9) groups. The training group performed four-week high-intensity resistance training (weight training exercise; three sessions/week). We measured AC and plasma levels of endothelin-1, angiotensin II, and norepinephrine before and after intervention. Resistance training significantly decreased AC, whereas the changes in plasma levels of neither endothelin-1, nor angiotensin II, nor norepinephrine were significantly different between the control and the training groups. Moreover, we found no significant correlations between changes in circulating plasma levels (endothelin-1, angiotensin II, and norepinephrine) and in the AC. Despite of no alteration of the resting circulating plasma levels (endothelin-1, etc.), we cannot exclude a possibility that the tissue/local concentrations of vasoconstrictors (endothelin-1, etc.) around the vessels might be increased and also involved in a reduction of AC in the training group. Taken together, the present results suggest that circulating vasoconstrictors (endothelin-1, etc.) in plasma are not involved in a reduction in AC by the resistance training.
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Miwa M, Oishi K, Anzai H, Kumagai H, Ieiri S, Hirooka H. Estimation of the energy expenditure of grazing ruminants by incorporating dynamic body acceleration into a conventional energy requirement system. J Anim Sci 2017; 95:901-909. [PMID: 28380599 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2016.0749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The estimation of energy expenditure (EE) of grazing animals is of great importance for efficient animal management on pasture. In the present study, a method is proposed to estimate EE in grazing animals based on measurements of body acceleration of animals in combination with the conventional Agricultural and Food Research Council (AFRC) energy requirement system. Three-dimensional body acceleration and heart rate were recorded for tested animals under both grazing and housing management. An acceleration index, vectorial dynamic body acceleration (VeDBA), was used to calculate activity allowance (AC) during grazing and then incorporate it into the AFRC system to estimate the EE (EE derived from VeDBA [EE]) of the grazing animals. The method was applied to 3 farm ruminant species (7 cattle, 6 goats, and 4 sheep). Energy expenditure based on heart rate (EE) was also estimated as a reference. The result showed that larger VeDBA and heart rate values were obtained under grazing management, resulting in greater EE and EE under grazing management than under housing management. There were large differences between the EE estimated from the 2 methods, where EE values were greater than EE (averages of 163.4 and 142.5% for housing and grazing management, respectively); the EE was lower than the EE, whereas the increase in EE under grazing in comparison with housing conditions was larger than that in EE. These differences may have been due to the use of an equation for estimating EE derived under laboratory conditions and due to the presence of the effects of physiological, psychological, and environmental factors in addition to physical activity being included in measurements for the heart rate method. The present method allowed us to separate activity-specific EE (i.e., AC) from overall EE, and, in fact, AC under grazing management were about twice times as large as those under housing management for farm ruminant animals. There is evidence that the conventional energy system can predict fasting metabolism and the AC of housed animals based on accumulated research on energy metabolism and that VeDBA can quantify physical activity separately from other factors in animals on pasture. Therefore, the use of the VeDBA appears to be a precise way to predict activity-specific EE under grazing conditions, and the method incorporating acceleration index data with a conventional energy system can be a simple and useful method for estimation of EE in farm ruminants on pastures.
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Miwa M, Oishi K, Anzai H, Kumagai H, Ieiri S, Hirooka H. Estimation of the energy expenditure of grazing ruminants by incorporating dynamic body acceleration into a conventional energy requirement system. J Anim Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.2527/jas2016.0749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Hayakawa K, Kumagai H, Suzuki Y, Furusawa N, Haga T, Hoshi T, Fujiwara Y, Yamaguchi K. Mr Imaging of Chronic Alcoholism. Acta Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/028418519203300302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the brain lesions of patients with chronic alcoholism (n = 34) in comparison with age- and sex-matched controls (n = 40) by MR imaging. T1-weighted sagittal and axial images and T2-weighted axial images were obtained with a 0.5 T superconducting MR unit. Various brain measurements were then performed, and the presence of regions of abnormal signal intensity was also compared between the two groups. The brain measurements revealed significant cerebral atrophy (characterized by lateral and 3rd ventricular dilatation, and widening of the interhemispheric fissure) as well as significant cerebellar atrophy (represented by 4th ventricular dilatation) in the alcoholic group. These changes were more prominent in patients in their fifties and sixties than in those aged in the thirties and forties. Focal hypointense lesions were observed in 20.6% of the alcoholics and in 5% of the controls (p < 0.01), while focal hyperintense lesions were observed in 61.8% of the alcoholics and in 20% of the controls (p < 0.001). The severity of these MR findings correlated well with the age of the patients. These observations suggest that alcohol is an important promotor of brain aging.
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Kumagai H, Fueki K, Yoshida-Kohno E, Wakabayashi N. Factors associated with mucosal pain in patients with partial removable dental prostheses. J Oral Rehabil 2016; 43:683-91. [PMID: 27289212 DOI: 10.1111/joor.12417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate factors associated with mucosal pain in patients with partial removable dental prostheses (PRDPs). In this hospital-based cross-sectional study, 333 patients wearing 500 PRDPs (mean age 71·4 years, men 33·3%) were consecutively recruited from prosthetic clinic of a dental hospital in Japan. Subjects rated pain intensity and frequency of denture-bearing mucosa. An examiner recorded age, gender and systemic diseases as well as dental, mucosa, denture, sensory, behavioural- and psychological-related characteristics that were possibly associated with the mucosal pain. Multivariate analyses were performed to analyse factors related to mucosal pain. Pain intensity was rated as more than score 0 (presence) in 34·2% (171/500) PRDPs, and pain was experienced after denture delivery in 42·8% (214/500) PRDPs. Logistic regression analyses showed that younger age, mucosal damage, poor mucosal condition, bone prominence, poor residual ridge, higher pain sensitivity, presence of awake bruxism, perception of oral dryness, interim denture wear and high number of missing teeth were significant independent predictors for the presence of the mucosal pain intensity and/or frequency (P < 0·05). Multiple factors are associated with mucosal pain in patients with PRDPs. Oral mucosal characteristics, age, pain sensitivity and behavioural factors seem to be more critical for mucosal pain than distribution of missing teeth and number of abutment teeth.
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Nio K, Higashi D, Kumagai H, Arita S, Shirakawa T, Nakashima K, Shibata Y, Esaki M, Ueki T, Nakano M, Ariyama H, Kusaba H, Hirahashi M, Oda Y, Esaki T, Mitsugi K, Futami K, Akashi K, Baba E. 176P Safety analysis of chemotherapy for colitis-associated colorectal cancer in Japan. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv523.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Shirakawa T, Nakano M, Nio K, Tamura S, Kumagai H, Komoda M, Uchino K, Arita S, Ariyama H, Shibata Y, Kusaba H, Akashi K, Baba E. 520P Retrospective analysis of cardiovascular diseases in chemotherapies for advanced solid tumor patients in a single institution. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv535.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Iketaki Y, Oi H, Bokor N, Kumagai H. Note: Fabrication of resolution target for super-resolution microscopy. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2015; 86:086109. [PMID: 26329249 DOI: 10.1063/1.4929711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We fabricated a resolution target for super-resolution microscopes (SRMs). The target was constructed by scattering a dyed photo-resist on a glass cover plate and used UV nano-imprinting to transfer minute line-and-space patterns on to the photo-resist layer. Using this resolution target, an image obtained from a SRM and its properties was evaluated quantitatively.
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Oshima N, Onimaru H, Matsubara H, Uchida T, Watanabe A, Takechi H, Nishida Y, Kumagai H. Uric acid, indoxyl sulfate, and methylguanidine activate bulbospinal neurons in the RVLM via their specific transporters and by producing oxidative stress. Neuroscience 2015. [PMID: 26208844 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Patients with chronic renal failure often have hypertension, but the cause of hypertension, other than an excess of body fluid, is not well known. We hypothesized that the bulbospinal neurons in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) are stimulated by uremic toxins in patients with chronic renal failure. To investigate whether RVLM neurons are sensitive to uremic toxins, such as uric acid, indoxyl sulfate, or methylguanidine, we examined changes in the membrane potentials (MPs) of bulbospinal RVLM neurons of Wister rats using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique during superfusion with these toxins. A brainstem-spinal cord preparation that preserved the sympathetic nervous system was used for the experiments. During uric acid, indoxyl sulfate, or methylguanidine superfusion, almost all the RVLM neurons were depolarized. To examine the transporters for these toxins on RVLM neurons, histological examinations were performed. The uric acid-, indoxyl sulfate-, and methylguanidine-depolarized RVLM neurons showed the presence of urate transporter 1 (URAT 1), organic anion transporter (OAT)1 or OAT3, and organic cation transporter (OCT)3, respectively. Furthermore, the toxin-induced activities of the RVLM neurons were suppressed by the addition of an anti-oxidation drug (VAS2870, an NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor), and a histological examination revealed the presence of NAD(P)H oxidase (nox)2 and nox4 in these RVLM neurons. The present results show that uric acid, indoxyl sulfate, and methylguanidine directly stimulate bulbospinal RVLM neurons via specific transporters on these neurons and by producing oxidative stress. These uremic toxins may cause hypertension by activating RVLM neurons.
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Hatazawa K, Kadotani M, Matsuzoe H, Tsuji T, Inoue M, Kumagai H, Takami K, Nakamura H, Norisada K, Ban C, Kaihotsu K, Nanahoshi M, Shimizu H, Ohnishi Y. Comparison of a Two-lead, Computerized, Resting ECG Signal Analysis Device, The Multifunction-Cardiogram((MCG), to Coronary Angiography or MDCT for The Detection of Prevalent Coronary Artery Stenosis. Am J Cardiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2013.01.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Takami K, Yoshida A, Fukuzawa K, Takei A, Kiuchi K, Kanda G, Kumagai H, Takami M, Torii-Tanaka S, Itoh M, Imamura K, Fujiwara R, Suzuki A, Nakanishi T, Yamashita S, Matsumoto A, Hirata KI. Optimal Strength and Number of Shocks at Upper Limit of Vulnerability Testing Required to Predict High Defibrillation Threshold Without Inducing Ventricular Fibrillation. Circ J 2013; 77:2490-6. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-13-0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Yoshida T, Kumagai H, Suzuki A, Kobayashi N, Ohkawa S, Odamaki M, Kohsaka T, Yamamoto T, Ikegaya N. Relaxin ameliorates salt-sensitive hypertension and renal fibrosis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012; 27:2190-2197. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfr618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
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Koyanagi T, Kiyohara M, Matsui H, Yamamoto K, Kondo T, Katayama T, Kumagai H. Pyrosequencing survey of the microbial diversity of ‘narezushi’, an archetype of modern Japanese sushi. Lett Appl Microbiol 2011; 53:635-40. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2011.03155.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Tanaka S, Yoshida A, Fukuzawa K, Takei A, Kanda G, Takami K, Kumagai H, Takami M, Itoh M, Imamura K, Fujiwara R, Hirata KI. Recognition of inferiorly dislocated fast pathways guided by three-dimensional electro-anatomical mapping. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2011; 32:95-103. [DOI: 10.1007/s10840-011-9595-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kushiyama T, Oda T, Yamada M, Higashi K, Yamamoto K, Oshima N, Sakurai Y, Miura S, Kumagai H. Effects of liposome-encapsulated clodronate on chlorhexidine gluconate-induced peritoneal fibrosis in rats. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2011; 26:3143-54. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfr068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Nagamatsu A, Murakami K, Yokota A, Yamazaki J, Yamauchi M, Kitajo K, Kumagai H, Tawara H. Space radiation damage to HDTV camera CCDs onboard the international space station. RADIAT MEAS 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2010.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Nakamura H, Shimizu H, Kumagai H, Takami K, Ohnishi Y. The Efficacy and Safety of Open Irrigation Catheter in Pulmonary Vein Isolation for Atrial Fibrillation. J Arrhythm 2011. [DOI: 10.4020/jhrs.27.pj2_016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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21
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Kumagai H, Tanaka Y, Murata M, Masuda Y, Shinagawa T. Novel TiO(2)/ZnO multilayer mirrors at 'water-window' wavelengths fabricated by atomic layer epitaxy. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2010; 22:474008. [PMID: 21386615 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/47/474008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We propose that novel oxide superlattice structures of crystalline TiO(2)/ZnO on sapphire substrates can be used for multilayer mirrors with high reflectivity at 2.734 nm. In the experimental study, both rutile TiO(2)(200) and wurtzite ZnO(001) thin films were grown epitaxially on the same sapphire (001) substrate by atomic layer epitaxy (ALE) at 450 °C. We also demonstrated that the novel oxide superlattice structure of 10-bilayer TiO(2)/ZnO on a sapphire substrate gave a high reflectivity of 29.4% at 2.74 nm.
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Tohda H, Sasaki M, Tada A, Hara F, Idiris A, Kumagai H. Schizosaccharomyces pombe minimum genome factory. J Biotechnol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.09.826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kumagai H, Nakano M, Maeda T, Yepes H, Palacios P, Ruiz M, Arrais S, Vaca M, Molina I, Yamashima T. Broadband seismic monitoring of active volcanoes using deterministic and stochastic approaches. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jb006889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Yamamoto K, Tsuji Y, Matsushita S, Kumagai H, Tochikura T. Purification and Properties of beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidase from Mucor fragilis Grown in Bovine Blood. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 51:1019-23. [PMID: 16347047 PMCID: PMC239004 DOI: 10.1128/aem.51.5.1019-1023.1986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucor fragilis grown on bovine blood powder as the sole carbon source abundantly produced beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase. The enzyme activity was several times higher than that of a culture obtained with glucose medium. The enzyme had two different molecular weight forms. The high-molecular-weight form had somewhat higher beta-N-acetylgalactosaminidase activity than the lower-molecular-weight enzyme which had beta-N-acetylgalactosaminidase activity equivalent to about 40% of its beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase activity. Bovine blood seemed to induce both enzymes, but N-acetylamino sugars specifically induced the low-molecular-weight form. N-Acetylgalactosamine had an especially marked effect on activity. The low-molecular-weight form of enzyme was purified from the culture filtrate by fractionation with ammonium sulfate and various column chromatographies. The purified enzyme was found to be homogeneous by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The optimum pH was 4.0 to 5.0 for beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase activity and 5.5 to 6.5 for beta-N-acetylgalactosaminidase activity. The enzyme hydrolyzed natural substrates such as di-N-acetylchitobiose, tri-N-acetylchitotriose, and a glycopeptide obtained by modification of fetuin.
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Ono R, Kumagai H, Nakajima H, Hishiya A, Taki T, Horikawa K, Takatsu K, Satoh T, Hayashi Y, Kitamura T, Nosaka T. Mixed-lineage-leukemia (MLL) fusion protein collaborates with Ras to induce acute leukemia through aberrant Hox expression and Raf activation. Leukemia 2009; 23:2197-209. [PMID: 19710696 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2009.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Mixed-lineage-leukemia (MLL) fusion oncogenes are closely involved in infant acute leukemia, which is frequently accompanied by mutations or overexpression of FMS-like receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3). Earlier studies have shown that MLL fusion proteins induced acute leukemia together with another mutation, such as an FLT3 mutant, in mouse models. However, little has hitherto been elucidated regarding the molecular mechanism of the cooperativity in leukemogenesis. Using murine model systems of the MLL-fusion-mediated leukemogenesis leading to oncogenic transformation in vitro and acute leukemia in vivo, this study characterized the molecular network in the cooperative leukemogenesis. This research revealed that MLL fusion proteins cooperated with activation of Ras in vivo, which was substitutable for Raf in vitro, synergistically, but not with activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5), to induce acute leukemia in vivo as well as oncogenic transformation in vitro. Furthermore, Hoxa9, one of the MLL-targeted critical molecules, and activation of Ras in vivo, which was replaceable with Raf in vitro, were identified as fundamental components sufficient for mimicking MLL-fusion-mediated leukemogenesis. These findings suggest that the molecular crosstalk between aberrant expression of Hox molecule(s) and activated Raf may have a key role in the MLL-fusion-mediated-leukemogenesis, and may thus help develop the novel molecularly targeted therapy against MLL-related leukemia.
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