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Hammond I, Weir A, Lawrence And D Aberdein KE, Aberdein D. A case of bovine dystocia secondary to congenital mesothelioma in a calf. N Z Vet J 2021; 70:128-130. [PMID: 34547984 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2021.1984336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lentle BC, Hammond I, Leslie WD, Brown JP, Probyn L, Munk PL, Prior JC, Goltzman D. The diagnosis of osteoporotic vertebral fractures redux. Clin Radiol 2021; 77:75-77. [PMID: 34732292 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Lentle BC, Berger C, Brown JP, Probyn L, Langsetmo L, Hammond I, Hu J, Leslie WD, Prior JC, Hanley DA, Adachi JD, Josse RG, Cheung AM, Kaiser SM, Towheed T, Kovacs CS, Wong AKO, Goltzman D. Vertebral Fractures: Which Radiological Criteria Are Better Associated With the Clinical Course of Osteoporosis? Can Assoc Radiol J 2020; 72:150-158. [PMID: 32755312 DOI: 10.1177/0846537120943529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY PURPOSE Morphometric methods categorize potential osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVF) on the basis of loss of vertebral height. A particular example is the widely used semiquantitative morphometric tool proposed by Genant (GSQ). A newer morphologic algorithm-based qualitative (mABQ) tool focuses on vertebral end-plate damage in recognizing OVF. We used data from both sexes in the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos) to compare the 2 methods in identifying OVF at baseline and during 10 years of follow-up. MATERIALS AND METHODS We obtained lateral thoracic and lumbar spinal radiographs (T4-L4) 3 times, at 5-year intervals, in 828 participants of the population-based CaMos. Logistic regressions were used to study the association of 10-year changes in bone mineral density (BMD) with incident fractures. RESULTS At baseline, 161 participants had grade 1 and 32 had grade 2 GSQ OVF; over the next 10 years, only 9 of these participants had sustained incident GSQ OVF. Contrastingly, 21 participants at baseline had grade 1 and 48 grade 2 mABQ events; over the next 10 years, 79 subjects experienced incident grade 1 or grade 2 mABQ events. Thus, incident grades 1 and 2 morphologic fractures were 8 times more common than morphometric deformities alone. Each 10-year decrease of 0.01 g/cm2 in total hip BMD was associated with a 4.1% (95% CI: 0.7-7.3) higher odds of having an incident vertebral fracture. CONCLUSIONS This analysis further suggests that morphometric deformities and morphologic fractures constitute distinct entities; morphologic fractures conform more closely to the expected epidemiology of OVF.
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Hammond I, Lyons DJ. Bone Mineral Densitometry Reporting and the CAR Technical Standards: Tips for the Radiologist. Can Assoc Radiol J 2020; 71:134-135. [DOI: 10.1177/0846537119899270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Lentle B, Koromani F, Brown JP, Oei L, Ward L, Goltzman D, Rivadeneira F, Leslie WD, Probyn L, Prior J, Hammond I, Cheung AM, Oei EH. The Radiology of Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures Revisited. J Bone Miner Res 2019; 34:409-418. [PMID: 30645770 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Until recently there has been little evidence available to validate any method by which to make an accurate diagnosis of an osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs) from plain radiographs. In part this reflects a lack of a completely satisfactory "gold standard," but primarily it relates to the absence of well-designed prospective studies in this context. Historically, OVFs were recognized by evidence of macroscopic structural failure in vertebrae using the criteria applied elsewhere in the skeleton. This comprised altered alignment, fragmentation, cortical disruptions, and breaks, among other changes. However, these morphological criteria were replaced by vertebral morphometry, referring to the use of quantitative or quasi-quantitative measurement tools for fracture diagnosis. Vertebral morphometry emerged as an understanding of and treatment for osteoporosis evolved, mainly in response to the need for expeditious assessments of large numbers of spine images for epidemiological and pharmaceutical purposes. Although most of the descriptions of such morphometric tools have stressed that they were not to be applied to clinical diagnosis with respect to individual patients, this constraint has been widely disregarded. Here we review the major attempts to develop a diagnostic strategy for OVF and describe their characteristics in adults and children. Recent evidence suggests that morphometric (quantitative; ie, based on measurement of dimensions and shape description) criteria are inferior to morphologic (qualitative; ie, based on structural integrity) vertebral damage assessment in identifying people with low bone density and at an increased risk of future fracture. Thus there is now an evidentiary basis for suggesting that morphological assessment is the preferred strategy for use in diagnosing OVF from radiographs. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Smith M, Hammond I, Saville M. Lessons from the renewal of the National Cervical Screening Program in Australia. Public Health Res Pract 2019; 29:2921914. [DOI: 10.17061/phrp2921914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Hammond I, Stevenson GW. The Canadian Radiological Foundation: Historical Recollections. Can Assoc Radiol J 2018; 69:343-345. [PMID: 30390957 DOI: 10.1016/j.carj.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Lentle BC, Leslie WD, Kovacs CS, Prior J, Hanley DA, Hammond I. Letter to the Editor. Bone 2018; 116:333. [PMID: 30135048 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Lentle BC, Hg Oei E, Goltzman D, Rivadeneira F, Hammond I, Oei L, Kovacs CS, Hanley DA, Prior JC, Leslie WD, Kaiser SM, Adachi JD, Probyn L, Brown J, Cheung AM, Towheed T. Vertebral Fractures and Morphometric Deformities. J Bone Miner Res 2018; 33:1544-1545. [PMID: 29750843 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lew JB, Simms KT, Smith MA, Saville M, Hammond I, Canfell K. Cost-effectiveness estimates: the need for complete reporting - Authors' reply. LANCET PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 2:e212. [PMID: 29253485 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-2667(17)30076-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Wright J, Dugdale B, Hammond I, Jarman B, Neary M, Newton D, Patterson C, Russon L, Stanley P, Stephens R, Warren E. Learning from Death: A Hospital Mortality Reduction Programme. J R Soc Med 2017; 99:303-8. [PMID: 16738373 PMCID: PMC1472716 DOI: 10.1177/014107680609900617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM There are wide variations in hospital mortality. Much of this variation remains unexplained and may reflect quality of care. SETTING A large acute hospital in an urban district in the North of England. DESIGN Before and after evaluation of a hospital mortality reduction programme. STRATEGIES FOR CHANGE Audit of hospital deaths to inform an evidence-based approach to identify processes of care to target for the hospital strategy. Establishment of a hospital mortality reduction group with senior leadership and support to ensure the alignment of the hospital departments to achieve a common goal. Robust measurement and regular feedback of hospital deaths using statistical process control charts and summaries of death certificates and routine hospital data. Whole system working across a health community to provide appropriate end of life care. Training and awareness in processes of high quality care such as clinical observation, medication safety and infection control. EFFECTS Hospital standardized mortality ratios fell significantly in the 3 years following the start of the programme from 94.6 (95% confidence interval 89.4, 99.9) in 2001 to 77.5 (95% CI 73.1, 82.1) in 2005. This translates as 905 fewer hospital deaths than expected during the period 2002-2005. LESSONS LEARNT Improving the safety of hospital care and reducing hospital deaths provides a clear and well supported goal from clinicians, managers and patients. Good leadership, good information, a quality improvement strategy based on good local evidence and a community-wide approach may be effective in improving the quality of processes of care sufficiently to reduce hospital mortality.
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Hammond I, Lentle B, van den Berg L, Vitols-McKay M. Gender Identity and Bone Densitometry. Can Assoc Radiol J 2017; 68:267-269. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carj.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Molnar AO, Biyani M, Hammond I, Harmon JP, Lavoie S, McCormick B, Sood MM, Wagner J, Pena E, Zimmerman DL. Lower serum magnesium is associated with vascular calcification in peritoneal dialysis patients: a cross sectional study. BMC Nephrol 2017; 18:129. [PMID: 28385153 PMCID: PMC5382660 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-017-0549-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is highly prevalent among dialysis patients and is associated with increased cardiovascular and all cause mortality. Magnesium (Mg) inhibits vascular calcification in animal and in-vitro studies but whether the same effect occurs in humans is uncertain. METHODS A single centre cross-sectional study of 80 prevalent peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients; on PD only for a minimum of 3 months. A radiologist blinded to patient status calculated their abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) scores on lateral lumbar spine radiographs, a validated surrogate for CAC. RESULTS Eighty patients provided informed consent and underwent lumbar spine radiography. The mean serum Mg was 0.8 mmol/L (standard deviation 0.2) and mean AAC score 8.9 (minimum 0, maximum 24). A higher serum Mg level was associated with a lower AAC score (R 2 = 0.06, unstandardized coefficient [B] = -7.81, p = 0.03), and remained after adjustment for age, serum phosphate, serum parathyroid hormone, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking history, and diabetes (model adjusted R 2 = 0.36, serum Mg and AAC score B = -11.44, p = 0.00). This translates to a 0.1 mmol/L increase in serum Mg being independently associated with a 1.1-point decrease in AAC score. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that Mg may inhibit vascular calcification. If this association is replicated across larger studies with serial Mg and vascular calcification measurements, interventions that increase serum Mg and their effect on vascular calcification warrant further investigation in the PD population.
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Carter J, Hammond I, Smith M. The renewal of the National Cervical Screening Program. Med J Aust 2017; 206:274. [PMID: 28359013 DOI: 10.5694/mja16.01257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Janda M, Gebski V, Davies LC, Forder P, Brand A, Hogg R, Jobling TW, Land R, Manolitsas T, Nascimento M, Neesham D, Nicklin JL, Oehler MK, Otton G, Perrin L, Salfinger S, Hammond I, Leung Y, Sykes P, Ngan H, Garrett A, Laney M, Ng TY, Tam K, Chan K, Wrede CD, Pather S, Simcock B, Farrell R, Robertson G, Walker G, Armfield NR, Graves N, McCartney AJ, Obermair A. Effect of Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy vs Total Abdominal Hysterectomy on Disease-Free Survival Among Women With Stage I Endometrial Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2017; 317:1224-1233. [PMID: 28350928 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2017.2068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Standard treatment for endometrial cancer involves removal of the uterus, tubes, ovaries, and lymph nodes. Few randomized trials have compared disease-free survival outcomes for surgical approaches. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) is equivalent to total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) in women with treatment-naive endometrial cancer. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The Laparoscopic Approach to Cancer of the Endometrium (LACE) trial was a multinational, randomized equivalence trial conducted between October 7, 2005, and June 30, 2010, in which 27 surgeons from 20 tertiary gynecological cancer centers in Australia, New Zealand, and Hong Kong randomized 760 women with stage I endometrioid endometrial cancer to either TLH or TAH. Follow-up ended on March 3, 2016. INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomly assigned to undergo TAH (n = 353) or TLH (n = 407). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was disease-free survival, which was measured as the interval between surgery and the date of first recurrence, including disease progression or the development of a new primary cancer or death assessed at 4.5 years after randomization. The prespecified equivalence margin was 7% or less. Secondary outcomes included recurrence of endometrial cancer and overall survival. RESULTS Patients were followed up for a median of 4.5 years. Of 760 patients who were randomized (mean age, 63 years), 679 (89%) completed the trial. At 4.5 years of follow-up, disease-free survival was 81.3% in the TAH group and 81.6% in the TLH group. The disease-free survival rate difference was 0.3% (favoring TLH; 95% CI, -5.5% to 6.1%; P = .007), meeting criteria for equivalence. There was no statistically significant between-group difference in recurrence of endometrial cancer (28/353 in TAH group [7.9%] vs 33/407 in TLH group [8.1%]; risk difference, 0.2% [95% CI, -3.7% to 4.0%]; P = .93) or in overall survival (24/353 in TAH group [6.8%] vs 30/407 in TLH group [7.4%]; risk difference, 0.6% [95% CI, -3.0% to 4.2%]; P = .76). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among women with stage I endometrial cancer, the use of total abdominal hysterectomy compared with total laparoscopic hysterectomy resulted in equivalent disease-free survival at 4.5 years and no difference in overall survival. These findings support the use of laparoscopic hysterectomy for women with stage I endometrial cancer. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00096408; Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: CTRN12606000261516.
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Lew JB, Simms KT, Smith MA, Hall M, Kang YJ, Xu XM, Caruana M, Velentzis LS, Bessell T, Saville M, Hammond I, Canfell K. Primary HPV testing versus cytology-based cervical screening in women in Australia vaccinated for HPV and unvaccinated: effectiveness and economic assessment for the National Cervical Screening Program. LANCET PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 2:e96-e107. [DOI: 10.1016/s2468-2667(17)30007-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Simms KT, Hall M, Smith MA, Lew JB, Hughes S, Yuill S, Hammond I, Saville M, Canfell K. Optimal Management Strategies for Primary HPV Testing for Cervical Screening: Cost-Effectiveness Evaluation for the National Cervical Screening Program in Australia. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0163509. [PMID: 28095411 PMCID: PMC5240951 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several countries are implementing a transition to HPV testing for cervical screening in response to the introduction of HPV vaccination and evidence indicating that HPV screening is more effective than cytology. In Australia, a 2017 transition from 2-yearly conventional cytology in 18-20 to 69 years to 5-yearly primary HPV screening in 25 to 74 years will involve partial genotyping for HPV 16/18 with direct referral to colposcopy for this higher risk group. The objective of this study was to determine the optimal management of women positive for other high-risk HPV types (not 16/18) ('OHR HPV'). METHODS We used a dynamic model of HPV transmission, vaccination, natural history and cervical screening to determine the optimal management of women positive for OHR HPV. We assumed cytology triage testing was used to inform management in this group and that those with high-grade cytology would be referred to colposcopy and those with negative cytology would receive 12-month surveillance. For those with OHR HPV and low-grade cytology (considered to be a single low-grade category in Australia incorporating ASC-US and LSIL), we evaluated (1) the 20-year risk of invasive cervical cancer assuming this group are referred for 12-month follow-up vs. colposcopy, and compared this to the risk in women with low-grade cytology under the current program (i.e. an accepted benchmark risk for 12-month follow-up in Australia); (2) the population-level impact of the whole program, assuming this group are referred to 12-month surveillance vs. colposcopy; and (3) the cost-effectiveness of immediate colposcopy compared to 12-month follow-up. Evaluation was performed both for HPV-unvaccinated cohorts and cohorts offered vaccination (coverage ~72%). FINDINGS The estimated 20-year risk of cervical cancer is ≤1.0% at all ages if this group are referred to colposcopy vs. ≤1.2% if followed-up in 12 months, both of which are lower than the ≤2.6% benchmark risk in women with low-grade cytology in the current program (who are returned for 12-month follow-up). At the population level, immediate colposcopy referral provides an incremental 1-3% reduction in cervical cancer incidence and mortality compared with 12-month follow-up, but this is in the context of a predicted 24-36% reduction associated with the new HPV screening program compared to the current cytology-based program. Furthermore, immediate colposcopy substantially increases the predicted number of colposcopies, with >650 additional colposcopies required to avert each additional case of cervical cancer compared to 12-month follow-up. Compared to 12-month follow-up, immediate colposcopy has an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of A$104,600/LYS (95%CrI:A$100,100-109,100) in unvaccinated women and A$117,100/LYS (95%CrI:A$112,300-122,000) in cohorts offered vaccination [Indicative willingness-to-pay threshold: A$50,000/LYS]. CONCLUSIONS In primary HPV screening programs, partial genotyping for HPV16/18 or high-grade triage cytology in OHR HPV positive women can be used to refer the highest risk group to colposcopy, but 12-month follow-up for women with OHR HPV and low-grade cytology is associated with a low risk of developing cervical cancer. Direct referral to colposcopy for this group would be associated with a substantial increase in colposcopy referrals and the associated harms, and is also cost-ineffective; thus, 12-month surveillance for women with OHR HPV and low-grade cytology provides the best balance between benefits, harms and cost-effectiveness.
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Hammond I. Knuckleballers. J Am Coll Radiol 2016; 13:1409. [PMID: 27916108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2016.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lentle B, Hammond I, Worsley D, Colquhoun A, Grochowski C, Leggett J, Gill S. A Qualitative Examination of the Ward Region of Interest as Imaged on Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry Examinations: The "Wandering Ward Sign". J Clin Densitom 2016; 19:515-521. [PMID: 27102659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocd.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
While analyzing dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) examinations, we observed that, on occasion, the Ward region of interest (ROI) was positioned either unexpectedly or differently between successive examinations. When this occurred, it appeared to be either a marker of a compromised examination or of incident disease. This prompted a systematic inquiry. It became apparent that, while in general seeking the region of least areal density, the Ward ROI is positioned differently by the machines available to us from 2 particular manufacturers (General Electric Co. and Hologic Inc.). Three reviews were thus undertaken: (1) a prospective systematic examination of 200 unselected consecutive DXA examinations made with a General Electric Co. machine, 80 having had follow-up examinations and 245 made with a Hologic Inc. device; (2) a prospective systematic examination of 625 consecutive, unselected DXA examinations that were repeat examinations; and (3) a retrospective examination of a file of 86 cases collected for pedagogical purposes, predominantly made with a Hologic Inc. device. The commonest cause of an unusual position of the Ward area was compromised patient positioning or change in body habitus. Changes between examinations were, in addition if less often, apt to reflect physiological change or disease. Unusual positioning or a change in position of the Ward ROI is easily observed. It does not occur frequently, but, when it does, it may be useful in directing attention to either technical factors or incidental diseases. Observation of the position of the Ward ROI may thus be a quality assurance, and occasionally a diagnostic, tool.
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Lentle B, Hammond I. Radiology of Osteoporosis. Can Assoc Radiol J 2016; 68:342-343. [PMID: 26850835 DOI: 10.1016/j.carj.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Torres C, Hammond I. Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Differentiation of Osteoporotic Fractures From Neoplastic Metastatic Fractures. J Clin Densitom 2016; 19:63-9. [PMID: 26376170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocd.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Determining whether a low-intensity vertebral fracture in an older person, particularly one with a history of cancer, is due to osteoporosis (OP) or is the result of a metastasis, is a not infrequent clinical problem that has important prognostic and therapeutic implications. The 2 types of fracture are usually indistinguishable on plain radiographs and require higher order imaging for diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging is the modality of choice because of its unique ability to depict the bone marrow, which becomes transiently edematous in an acute OP fracture. Preservation of at least part of the normal marrow signal, the visualization of a fracture line parallel to the end plates, the presence of an intravertebral cleft, lack of pedicle involvement, and no extra-osseous mass all favor a benign OP fracture. Absence of the preceding signs, particularly if there is complete replacement of the normal bone marrow and a convex posterior contour of the vertebral body, favors a fracture of malignant origin. Non-routine magnetic resonance sequences using diffusion-weighted imaging and/or chemical shift imaging may be helpful in difficult cases.
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Hammond I, Lyons D. Letter to the Editor on "Appropriate Osteoporosis Treatment by Family Physicians in Response to FRAX vs CAROC Reporting: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial". J Clin Densitom 2015; 18:270. [PMID: 25937309 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocd.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Rasuli P, Sabri A, Hammond I, French GJ, Gamache N, Jolly EE. Outpatient Uterine Artery Embolization for Symptomatic Fibroids: Short- and Long-Term Single Institution-Based Outcomes. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2013; 35:156-163. [DOI: 10.1016/s1701-2163(15)31021-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Obermair A, Janda M, Baker J, Kondalsamy-Chennakesavan S, Brand A, Hogg R, Jobling TW, Land R, Manolitsas T, Nascimento M, Neesham D, Nicklin JL, Oehler MK, Otton G, Perrin L, Salfinger S, Hammond I, Leung Y, Sykes P, Ngan H, Garrett A, Laney M, Ng TY, Tam K, Chan K, Wrede DH, Pather S, Simcock B, Farrell R, Robertson G, Walker G, McCartney A, Gebski V. Improved surgical safety after laparoscopic compared to open surgery for apparent early stage endometrial cancer: Results from a randomised controlled trial. Eur J Cancer 2012; 48:1147-53. [PMID: 22548907 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2012.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Revised: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Hammond I. Atlas of Pelvic Anatomy and Gynecologic Surgery, 3rd Edition. ANZ J Surg 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-2197.2011.05924.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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