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Mathi P, Parthasarathy V, Nayak AK, Mittal JP, Sarkar SK. Laser Isotope Separation: Science and Technology. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES INDIA SECTION A-PHYSICAL SCIENCES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40010-015-0249-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hanf A, Volpp HR, Sharma P, Mittal JP, Vatsa RK. Ultraviolet photochemistry of buta-1,3- and buta-1,2-dienes: Laser spectroscopic absolute hydrogen atom quantum yield and translational energy distribution measurements. J Chem Phys 2010; 133:024308. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3462951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Manoj P, Mohan H, Manoj VM, Mittal JP, Aravindakumar CT. Reactions of hydroxyl radical (·OH) and oxide radical anion (O·−) with 2-aminopurine in aqueous medium. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2006. [DOI: 10.1163/156856706778938446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Naqvi SMK, Joshi A, Gulyani R, Kumar D, Kolte AP, Kumar S, Maurya VP, Saha S, Mittal JP, Singh VK. Production of prolific microsheep by embryo transfer into large non-prolific sheep. Vet Rec 2006; 159:522-6. [PMID: 17041066 DOI: 10.1136/vr.159.16.522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The Garole is a prolific breed of microsheep that possesses the FecB gene, which increases ovulation rate. The purpose of this study was to compare embryo production by multiple ovulation in seven Garole ewes with that in seven normal size, non-prolific Malpura ewes, and assess the influence of the large body size of Awassi crossbred recipient ewes on the birth-weight of Garole lambs. Oestrus was synchronised with two intramuscular injections of 7.5 mg prostaglandin F(2alpha) administered 10 days apart. The donor ewes were superovulated by the use of pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin and follicle-stimulating hormone. The onset and duration of oestrus were similar in both breeds. The Garole donors had higher total mean (se) ovarian responses (15.6 [3.6] v 9.1 [2.3]), ovulation rate (13.6 [3.1] v 8.4 [2.2]) and produced more transferable embryos (6.0 [3.5] v 4.0 [0.9]) than the Malpura donors, but the differences were not statistically significant. The Garole lambs produced by embryo transfer were on average 57.8 per cent heavier at birth than contemporary Garole lambs produced by natural mating.
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Joshi A, Mathur AK, Naqvi SMK, Mittal JP. Influence of Osmolality of Complete Semen Extender on Motion Characteristics of Frozen-thawed Ram Spermatozoa. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2006. [DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2006.1716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Naqvi SMK, Gulyani R, Joshi A, Maurya VP, Kumar D, Mittal JP, Singh VK. Production of 24 transferable embryos in one flush by a Garole microsheep. Vet Rec 2006; 158:414-5. [PMID: 16565342 DOI: 10.1136/vr.158.12.414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Pramod G, Mohan H, Manoj P, Manojkumar TK, Manoj VM, Mittal JP, Aravindakumar CT. Redox chemistry of 8-azaadenine: a pulse radiolysis study. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.1100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Maurya VP, Naqvi SMK, Gulyani R, Joshi A, Mittal JP. Effect of Thermal Stress on Sexual Behaviour of Superovulated Bharat Merino Ewes. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2005. [DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2005.1403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Tripathi SC, Kadam RM, Kumar M, Mittal JP, Mishra SP. EPR investigations on radiation induced chemical transformations in Pd(ClO4)2/i-PrOH/HClO4 system from 77 to 300 K. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2005; 62:1107-13. [PMID: 15955724 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2005.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2004] [Accepted: 03/18/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The EPR studies have been carried out on gamma irradiated samples of Pd(ClO4)2 in 9 M/4M HClO4 in the presence and absence of isopropanol [i-PrOH (5%, v/v)], in the temperature range of 77-300 K. The EPR studies revealed the formation of Pd+ complex, Pd3+ complex and several radicals such as H., OH., ClO3., ClO4. and O3- on radiolysis of these systems. Reduction of Pd2+ to Pd clusters could not be observed in the absence of i-PrOH and warming of the irradiated sample finally resulted in recovery of Pd2+ complex. However, in the presence of 5% i-PrOH, strongly oxidizing radicals like OH., ClO3. and ClO4. are suppressed and (CH3)2C.OH radical was produced along with reducing species like H.. EPR spectra in these strongly reducing conditions showed formation of Pd+ complex, which on heating above 230 K, disproportionated into Pd0 and Pd2+ complex and finally lead to formation of Pd metal aggregates. Simultaneously, pulse radiolysis technique has been employed as an alternative method to verify the EPR observations.
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Naqvi SMK, Pandey GK, Gautam KK, Joshi A, Geethalakshmi V, Mittal JP. Evaluation of gross anatomical features of cervix of tropical sheep using cervical silicone moulds. Anim Reprod Sci 2005; 85:337-44. [PMID: 15581516 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2003.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2002] [Revised: 09/19/2003] [Accepted: 10/03/2003] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The lambing rate obtained following cervical artificial insemination (AI) with frozen semen in sheep is low mainly due to the inability of frozen-thawed sperm to traverse the tortuous nature of the cervical canal. Although acceptable fertility has been attained by circumventing the cervical barrier through laparoscope aided intrauterine AI, the emphasis is currently given on the development of alternate non-invasive transcervical AI procedures. The complex anatomy of the cervix does not facilitate easy transcervical passage for an insemination catheter. The aim of the present study was: (i) to examine the gross anatomy of the cervix in slaughtered ewe lambs and adult ewes of the native Malpura and Kheri breeds raised under semi-arid tropical environment; and (ii) to cast silicone moulds of the reproductive tracts for measuring the dimensions of the cervix. Eighty reproductive tracts were excised immediately from carcass of Malpura and Kheri ewes and the external os of each one was classified depending on their appearance as duckbill, spiral, rosette or flap. The cervical canal of each tract was filled with a silicone sealant for casting the mould. Fifty complete silicone moulds were obtained representing 25 from ewe lambs and 25 from adult ewes. The mean lengths of the cervical mould of ewe lambs and adult ewes were 3.8+/-0.12 and 5.3+/-0.15 cm, respectively. The average number of funnel shaped folds in the cervical mould of ewe lambs and adult ewes were 3.2+/-0.19 and 3.4+/-0.22. However, the second and third-folds from the os were observed to be accentric in both ewe lambs and adult ewes. The information generated in this study would be useful for increasing the success rate of penetration in ewes exhibiting estrus in order to improve the lambing rate of tropical ewes following transcervical AI.
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Dahiya P, Kumbhakar M, Maity DK, Mukherjee T, Mittal JP, Tripathi ABR, Chattopadhyay N, Pal H. Photophysical properties of 2-amino-9,10-anthraquinone: evidence for structural changes in the molecule with solvent polarity. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2005; 4:100-5. [PMID: 15616699 DOI: 10.1039/b411547c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The photophysical properties of 2-amino-9,10-anthraquinone (2AAQ) have been investigated in different solvents and solvent mixtures and correlated with the Lippert-Mataga solvent polarity parameter, Deltaf. In the low solvent polarity region with Deltaf < ca. 0.1, the dye shows unusually high fluorescence quantum yields (Phif) and lifetimes (tauf) in comparison to those in other solvents of medium to high polarities. Similarly, the radiative rate constants (kf) are relatively lower and the non-radiative rate constants (knr) are relatively higher in the low polarity solvents in comparison to those in the medium to high polarity solvents. The current results have been rationalized assuming that the dye adopts different structural forms below and above the Deltaf value of approximately 0.1. It is inferred that in the low solvent polarity region the dye exists in a non-planar structure, with its 2-NH2 plane away from that of the 9,10-anthraquinone moiety in the ground state. In solvents of medium to high polarities, the dye exists in a polar intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) structure, where the amino lone pair of the 2-NH2 group is in strong resonance with the anthraquinone pi-cloud in the ground state. In all the solvents, however the dye is inferred to exist in the ICT structure in its excited (S1) state. Supportive evidence for the above hypothesis has been obtained from the solvent polarity effect on the Stokes' shifts for the dye. Quantum chemical studies on the structures of 2AAQ dye in the gas phase also give qualitative support for the inferences drawn from the photophysical properties of the dye in different solvents.
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Bag S, Joshi A, Naqvi SMK, Mittal JP. Effect of post-thaw incubation on sperm kinematics and acrosomal integrity of ram spermatozoa cryopreserved in medium-sized French straws. Theriogenology 2004; 62:415-24. [PMID: 15225998 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2003.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2003] [Accepted: 10/15/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The objectives were to assess the effect of post-thaw in vitro incubation on motion characteristics and acrosomal integrity of ram spermatozoa of native Malpura and Bharat Merino breeds maintained under a semi-arid tropical environment. Good quality semen samples of both breeds were diluted, packaged in medium-sized straws, and frozen under controlled conditions. Straws were thawed at 60 degrees C for 10s and thawed samples were incubated at 37 degrees C for 4h. Post-thaw motion characteristics and acrosomal integrity of incubated spermatozoa were assessed (by computer-aided semen analysis and Giemsa staining, respectively) just prior to incubation and at hourly intervals thereafter. There was a significant effect of incubation time on motility characteristics and the proportion of spermatozoa with normal acrosomes; 81.4% (arcsin transformed value, 65.2) of spermatozoa were motile at the start of incubation, with 47.9% (arcsin transformed value, 44.4) motile after 4h. At the corresponding times, there were normal acrosomes in 65.8 (arcsin transformed value, 54.8) and 55.7% (arcsin transformed value, 48.9) of spermatozoa, respectively. The percentage straightness of spermatozoa varied during incubation (P < 0.01). However, there was no significant change in percentage linearity, curvilinear velocity, average path velocity, straight line velocity, lateral head displacement, and beat cross frequency of spermatozoa during incubation. There were no breed variations in any motility parameters during incubation, except percentage straightness (P < 0.05), lateral head displacement (P < 0.05) and beat cross frequency (P < 0.01). That sperm motility and acrosomal morphology were very acceptable immediately post-thaw and after 4h of incubation indicated the efficacy of cryopreserving ram spermatozoa under controlled conditions in medium-sized straws.
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Geeta S, Rao BSM, Mohan H, Mittal JP. Radiation-induced oxidation of substituted benzaldehydes: a pulse radiolysis study. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Mishra B, Maity DK, Priyadarsini KI, Mohan H, Mittal JP. One-Electron Oxidation of Selenourea in Aqueous Solution. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0371130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Luke TL, Mohan H, Manoj VM, Manoj P, Mittal JP, Aravindakumar CT. Reaction of sulphate radical anion (SO. 4 -) with hydroxy-and methyl-substituted pyrimidines: a pulse radiolysis study. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2003. [DOI: 10.1163/156856703765694327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Joshi A, Naqvi SMK, Bag S, Dang AK, Sharma RC, Rawat PS, Mittal JP. Sperm motion characteristics of Garole rams raised for a prolonged period in a semi-arid tropical environment. Trop Anim Health Prod 2003; 35:249-57. [PMID: 12797414 DOI: 10.1023/a:1023347514476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The Garole is a prolific but less well known and rare breed of small sheep found in the hot and humid Sunderban region of West Bengal. An ability to breed throughout the year and to graze in knee-deep water, resistance to foot rot and a strong mothering instinct are some of the special features of this breed. Garole rams could provide germplasm to incorporate prolificacy traits by artificial insemination of the nonprolific sheep breeds found in abundance in the semi-arid and arid tropical climates of India. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the semen production by Garole rams maintained in a semi-arid climate for three years and to objectively assess their semen quality by a computer-assisted sperm analysis technique. The donor rams were randomly selected each year from the original flock procured from their natural habitat or from the offspring born at the Institute farm. Semen was collected weekly for three weeks each autumn for three consecutive years from 8 rams each year. The overall means (SD) of the traits that did not differ significantly with age or year were volume, concentration, curvilinear velocity, average path velocity, amplitude of lateral head displacement, beat frequency, motility and the percentages of rapid motile sperms and of slow motile sperms. The age of the rams had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the straight-line velocity but this was not significantly affected by the length of exposure to the semi-arid climate. However, the age and year had significant effects (p<0.05) on linearity, straightness and the percentage of medium motile sperms. It was concluded that Garole rams are capable of producing good-quality semen even after a prolonged period of exposure to a semi-arid tropical climate.
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Grover R, Mudaliar M, Rao BSM, Mohan H, Mittal JP. Kinetics and spectral properties of electron and •OH adducts of dimethylpyridines: a pulse radiolysis study. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2003. [DOI: 10.1163/156856703321505058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Gawandi V, Mohan H, Mittal JP. Investigations on the nature of the transient species formed on pulse radiolysis of a aqueous solution of 4-(methylthio)benzoic acid. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2003. [DOI: 10.1163/156856703321328406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Yadav P, Mohan H, Rao BSM, Mittal JP. Redox chemistry ofo- andm-hydroxycinnamic acids: A pulse radiolysis study. J CHEM SCI 2002. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02708865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bag S, Joshi A, Naqvi SMK, Rawat PS, Mittal JP. Effect of freezing temperature, at which straws were plunged into liquid nitrogen, on the post-thaw motility and acrosomal status of ram spermatozoa. Anim Reprod Sci 2002; 72:175-83. [PMID: 12137980 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4320(02)00118-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to observe the effect of initial freezing temperature on subsequent survival and acrosomal integrity of Malpura and Bharat Merino ram spermatozoa during post-thawing incubation. Semen samples were diluted in TEST-yolk-glycerol extender, loaded in 0.25 ml straws and cooled down to -25, -75 or -125 degrees C freezing temperature using a programmable cell freezer. Computer assisted sperm analysis and acrosomal integrity of thawed samples were assessed after thawing and at hourly intervals during incubation at 37 degrees C for 4 h. The percentage of motile cells in samples frozen at -125 degrees C were 80.3 and 63.7 after post-thawing and -thawing incubation, compared to 75.9 and 39.7 at -25 degrees C or 73.9 and 51.8 at -75 degrees C temperatures, respectively. The spermatozoa with normal acrosome were also significantly, respectively, higher in samples frozen at -125 degrees C, compared to -25 and -75 degrees C temperatures. There were no significant breed variations on percentage of motile, percentage of rapidly motile cells, percentage of normal acrosomes, curvilinear velocity and lateral head displacement except straight line velocity and average path velocity of spermatozoa. The results indicated that -125 degrees C initial freezing temperature conferred the best cryopreserving ability to ram spermatozoa for post-thawing thermoresistance test compared to -25 or -75 degrees C freezing temperature.
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Neta P, Huie RE, Mosseri S, Shastri LV, Mittal JP, Maruthamuthu P, Steenken S. Rate constants for reduction of substituted methylperoxyl radicals by ascorbate ions and N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100347a045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Luke TL, Mohan H, Manoj V, Manoj P, Mittal JP, Aravindakumar CT. Reaction of oxide radical ion (O.–) with substituted pyrimidines. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2002. [DOI: 10.1163/15685670260188610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Maity DK, Mohan H, Chattopadhyay S, Mittal JP. Formation, Stability, and Reactivity of Radical Cations of 1-Bromo-n-chloroalkanes in Aqueous Solution: A Pulse Radiolysis Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100032a022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mittal LJ, Mittal JP, Hayon E. Photo-induced decarboxylation of aliphatic acids and esters in solution. Dependence upon state of protonation of the carboxyl group. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100631a003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mittal LJ, Mittal JP, Hayon E. Flash photolysis of phenylglycine in aqueous solutions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100632a005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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