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Kaiser S, Verboket RD, Frank J, Marzi I, Janko M. Effectiveness of combined local therapy with antibiotics and fibrin vs. vacuum-assisted wound therapy in soft tissue infections: a retrospective study. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2024; 50:1559-1567. [PMID: 38466400 PMCID: PMC11458741 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-024-02483-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Soft tissue infections can be severe and life-threatening. Their treatment consists currently in radical surgical wound debridement and combined systemic antimicrobial therapy. Different side effects are possible. Local antibiotic therapy represents a new approach to reduce side effects and improve healing. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the local sprayed use of antibiotics with fibrin sealing compared with negative pressure wound therapy as an established treatment of soft-tissue infections. METHODS In this retrospective study, patients with soft tissue infections who underwent surgical treatment were analysed. One group consists of patients, who received local fibrin-antibiotic spray (FAS) (n = 62). Patients treated by vacuum-assisted wound therapy (VAWT) as the established treatment were the control group (n = 57). Main outcomes were differences in the success of healing, the duration until healing and the number of needed operations. RESULTS Clinical healing could be achieved for 55 patients (98.21%) in the FAS group vs. 47 patients (92.16%) in the VAWT group (p = 0.19). Time to require this was 10.65 ± 10.38 days in the FAS group and 22.85 ± 14.02 days in the VAWT group (p < 0.001). In the FAS group, patients underwent an average of 1.44 ± 0.72 vs.3.46 ± 1.66 operations in the VAWT group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Compared to vacuum-assisted wound therapy in soft tissue infections, local fibrin-antibiotic spray shows faster clinical healing and less needed operations. Leading to shorter hospital stays and more satisfied patients. The combination of sprayed fibrin and antibiotics can be seen as a promising and effective method.
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Michels S, Massutí B, Vasyliv I, Stratmann J, Frank J, Adams A, Felip E, Grohé C, Rodriguez-Abreu D, Bischoff H, Carcereny I Costa E, Corral J, Pereira E, Fassunke J, Fischer RN, Insa A, Koleczko S, Nogova L, Reck M, Reutter T, Riedel R, Schaufler D, Scheffler M, Weisthoff M, Provencio M, Merkelbach-Bruse S, Hellmich M, Sebastian M, Büttner R, Persigehl T, Rosell R, Wolf J. Overall survival and central nervous system activity of crizotinib in ROS1-rearranged lung cancer-final results of the EUCROSS trial. ESMO Open 2024; 9:102237. [PMID: 38350336 PMCID: PMC10937203 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2024.102237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2019, we reported the first efficacy and safety analysis of EUCROSS, a phase II trial investigating crizotinib in ROS1 fusion-positive lung cancer. At that time, overall survival (OS) was immature and the effect of crizotinib on intracranial disease control remained unclear. Here, we present the final analysis of OS, systemic and intracranial activity, and the impact of co-occurring aberrations. MATERIALS AND METHODS EUCROSS was a prospective, single-arm, phase II trial. The primary endpoint was best overall response rate (ORR) using RECIST 1.1. Secondary and exploratory endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), OS, and efficacy in pre-defined subgroups. RESULTS Median OS of the intention-to-treat population (N = 34) was 54.8 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 20.3 months-not reached (NR); median follow-up 81.4 months] and median all-cause PFS of the response-evaluable population (N = 30) was 19.4 months (95% CI 10.1-32.2 months). Time on treatment was significantly correlated with OS (R = 0.82; P < 0.0001). Patients with co-occurring TP53 aberrations (28%) had a significantly shorter OS [hazard ratio (HR) 11; 95% CI 2.0-56.0; P = 0.006] and all-cause PFS (HR 4.2; 95% CI 1.2-15; P = 0.025). Patients with central nervous system (CNS) involvement at baseline (N = 6; 20%) had a numerically shorter median OS and all-cause PFS. Median intracranial PFS was 32.2 months (95% CI 23.7 months-NR) and the rate of isolated CNS progression was 24%. CONCLUSIONS Our final analysis proves the efficacy of crizotinib in ROS1-positive lung cancer, but also highlights the devastating impact of TP53 mutations on survival and treatment efficacy. Additionally, our data show that CNS disease control is durable and the risk of CNS progression while on crizotinib treatment is low.
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Foo JC, Redler S, Forstner AJ, Basmanav FB, Pethukova L, Guo J, Streit F, Witt SH, Sirignano L, Zillich L, Avasthi S, Ripke S, Christiano AM, Tesch F, Schmitt J, Nöthen MM, Betz RC, Rietschel M, Frank J. Exploring the overlap between alopecia areata and major depressive disorder: Epidemiological and genetic perspectives. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023. [PMID: 36695075 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research suggests that Alopecia areata (AA) and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) show substantial comorbidity. To date, no study has investigated the hypothesis that this is attributable to shared genetic aetiology. OBJECTIVES To investigate AA-MDD comorbidity on the epidemiological and molecular genetic levels. METHODS First, epidemiological analyses were performed using data from a cohort of adult German health insurance beneficiaries (n = 1.855 million) to determine the population-based prevalence of AA-MDD comorbidity. Second, analyses were performed to determine the prevalence of MDD in a clinical AA case-control sample with data on psychiatric phenotypes, stratifying for demographic factors to identify possible contributing factors to AA-MDD comorbidity. Third, the genetic overlap between AA and MDD was investigated using a polygenic risk score (PRS) approach and linkage disequilibrium score (LDSC) regression. For PRS, summary statistics from a large MDD GWAS meta-analysis (PGC-MD2) were used as the training sample, while a Central European AA cohort, including the above-mentioned AA patients, and an independent replication US-AA cohort were used as target samples. LDSC was performed using summary statistics of PGC-MD2 and the largest AA meta-analysis to date. RESULTS High levels of AA-MDD comorbidity were reported in the population-based (MDD in 24% of AA patients), and clinical samples (MDD in 44% of AA patients). MDD-PRS explained a modest proportion of variance in AA case-control status (R2 = 1%). This signal was limited to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region on chromosome 6. LDSC regression (excluding MHC) revealed no significant genetic correlation between AA and MDD. CONCLUSIONS As in previous research, AA patients showed an increased prevalence of MDD. The present analyses suggest that genetic overlap may be confined to the MHC region, which is implicated in immune function. More detailed investigation is required to refine understanding of how the MHC is involved in the development of AA and MDD comorbidity.
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Voth M, Sommer K, Schindler C, Frank J, Marzi I. Rise of extremity fractures and sport accidents in children at 8-12 years and increase of admittance via the resuscitation room over a decade. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2022; 48:3439-3448. [PMID: 34519864 PMCID: PMC9532303 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-021-01785-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In an emergency department, the majority of pediatric trauma patients present because of minor injuries. The aim of this study was to evaluate temporal changes in age-related injury pattern, trauma mechanism, and surgeries in pediatric patients. METHODS This retrospective study included patients < 18 years of age following trauma from 01/2009 to 12/2018 at a level I trauma center. They were divided into two groups: group A (A: 01/2009 to 12/2013) and group B (B: 01/2014 to 12/2018). Injury mechanism, injury pattern, and surgeries were analyzed. As major injuries fractures, dislocations, and organ injuries and as minor injuries contusions and superficial wounds were defined. RESULTS 23,582 patients were included (58% male, median age 8.2 years). There was a slight increase in patients comparing A (n = 11,557) and B (n = 12,025) with no difference concerning demographic characteristics. Significant more patients (A: 1.9%; B: 2.4%) were admitted to resuscitation room, though the number of multiple injured patients was not significantly different. In A (25.5%), major injuries occurred significantly less frequently than in B (27.0%), minor injuries occurred equally. Extremity fractures were significantly more frequent in B (21.5%) than in A (20.2%), peaking at 8-12 years. Most trauma mechanisms of both groups were constant, with a rising of sport injuries at 8-12 years. CONCLUSION Although number of patients increases only slightly over a decade, there was a clear increase in major injuries, particularly extremity fractures, peaking at 8-12 years. At this age also sport accidents significantly increased. At least, admittance to resuscitation room rose but without an increase of multiple injured patients.
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Cearns M, Amare AT, Schubert KO, Thalamuthu A, Frank J, Streit F, Adli M, Akula N, Akiyama K, Ardau R, Arias B, Aubry J, Backlund L, Bhattacharjee AK, Bellivier F, Benabarre A, Bengesser S, Biernacka JM, Birner A, Brichant-Petitjean C, Cervantes P, Chen H, Chillotti C, Cichon S, Cruceanu C, Czerski PM, Dalkner N, Dayer A, Degenhardt F, Zompo MD, DePaulo JR, Étain B, Falkai P, Forstner AJ, Frisen L, Frye MA, Fullerton JM, Gard S, Garnham JS, Goes FS, Grigoroiu-Serbanescu M, Grof P, Hashimoto R, Hauser J, Heilbronner U, Herms S, Hoffmann P, Hofmann A, Hou L, Hsu YH, Jamain S, Jiménez E, Kahn JP, Kassem L, Kuo PH, Kato T, Kelsoe J, Kittel-Schneider S, Kliwicki S, König B, Kusumi I, Laje G, Landén M, Lavebratt C, Leboyer M, Leckband SG, Maj M, Manchia M, Martinsson L, McCarthy MJ, McElroy S, Colom F, Mitjans M, Mondimore FM, Monteleone P, Nievergelt CM, Nöthen MM, Novák T, O'Donovan C, Ozaki N, Millischer V, Papiol S, Pfennig A, Pisanu C, Potash JB, Reif A, Reininghaus E, Rouleau GA, Rybakowski JK, Schalling M, Schofield PR, Schweizer BW, Severino G, Shekhtman T, Shilling PD, Shimoda K, Simhandl C, Slaney CM, Squassina A, Stamm T, Stopkova P, TekolaAyele F, Tortorella A, Turecki G, Veeh J, Vieta E, Witt SH, Roberts G, Zandi PP, Alda M, Bauer M, McMahon FJ, Mitchell PB, Schulze TG, Rietschel M, Clark SR, Baune BT. Using polygenic scores and clinical data for bipolar disorder patient stratification and lithium response prediction: machine learning approach - CORRIGENDUM. Br J Psychiatry 2022; 221:494. [PMID: 35505515 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.2022.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Knott E, Zlevor A, Hinshaw L, Laeseke P, Longhurst C, Frank J, Bradley C, Couillard A, Xu Z, Lee F, Ziemlewicz T. Abstract No. 170 Histotripsy vs. microwave ablation in the liver: a comparison study in a porcine model. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Keller M, Kreuzer M, Reidy B, Scheurer A, Guggenbühl B, Luder M, Frank J, Giller K. Effects on performance, carcass and meat quality of replacing maize silage and concentrate by grass silage and corn-cob mix in the diet of growing bulls. Meat Sci 2022; 188:108795. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.108795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Cearns M, Amare AT, Schubert KO, Thalamuthu A, Frank J, Streit F, Adli M, Akula N, Akiyama K, Ardau R, Arias B, Aubry JM, Backlund L, Bhattacharjee AK, Bellivier F, Benabarre A, Bengesser S, Biernacka JM, Birner A, Brichant-Petitjean C, Cervantes P, Chen HC, Chillotti C, Cichon S, Cruceanu C, Czerski PM, Dalkner N, Dayer A, Degenhardt F, Zompo MD, DePaulo JR, Étain B, Falkai P, Forstner AJ, Frisen L, Frye MA, Fullerton JM, Gard S, Garnham JS, Goes FS, Grigoroiu-Serbanescu M, Grof P, Hashimoto R, Hauser J, Heilbronner U, Herms S, Hoffmann P, Hofmann A, Hou L, Hsu YH, Jamain S, Jiménez E, Kahn JP, Kassem L, Kuo PH, Kato T, Kelsoe J, Kittel-Schneider S, Kliwicki S, König B, Kusumi I, Laje G, Landén M, Lavebratt C, Leboyer M, Leckband SG, Maj M, Manchia M, Martinsson L, McCarthy MJ, McElroy S, Colom F, Mitjans M, Mondimore FM, Monteleone P, Nievergelt CM, Nöthen MM, Novák T, O'Donovan C, Ozaki N, Millischer V, Papiol S, Pfennig A, Pisanu C, Potash JB, Reif A, Reininghaus E, Rouleau GA, Rybakowski JK, Schalling M, Schofield PR, Schweizer BW, Severino G, Shekhtman T, Shilling PD, Shimoda K, Simhandl C, Slaney CM, Squassina A, Stamm T, Stopkova P, Tekola-Ayele F, Tortorella A, Turecki G, Veeh J, Vieta E, Witt SH, Roberts G, Zandi PP, Alda M, Bauer M, McMahon FJ, Mitchell PB, Schulze TG, Rietschel M, Clark SR, Baune BT. Using polygenic scores and clinical data for bipolar disorder patient stratification and lithium response prediction: machine learning approach. Br J Psychiatry 2022; 220:1-10. [PMID: 35225756 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.2022.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Response to lithium in patients with bipolar disorder is associated with clinical and transdiagnostic genetic factors. The predictive combination of these variables might help clinicians better predict which patients will respond to lithium treatment. AIMS To use a combination of transdiagnostic genetic and clinical factors to predict lithium response in patients with bipolar disorder. METHOD This study utilised genetic and clinical data (n = 1034) collected as part of the International Consortium on Lithium Genetics (ConLi+Gen) project. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) were computed for schizophrenia and major depressive disorder, and then combined with clinical variables using a cross-validated machine-learning regression approach. Unimodal, multimodal and genetically stratified models were trained and validated using ridge, elastic net and random forest regression on 692 patients with bipolar disorder from ten study sites using leave-site-out cross-validation. All models were then tested on an independent test set of 342 patients. The best performing models were then tested in a classification framework. RESULTS The best performing linear model explained 5.1% (P = 0.0001) of variance in lithium response and was composed of clinical variables, PRS variables and interaction terms between them. The best performing non-linear model used only clinical variables and explained 8.1% (P = 0.0001) of variance in lithium response. A priori genomic stratification improved non-linear model performance to 13.7% (P = 0.0001) and improved the binary classification of lithium response. This model stratified patients based on their meta-polygenic loadings for major depressive disorder and schizophrenia and was then trained using clinical data. CONCLUSIONS Using PRS to first stratify patients genetically and then train machine-learning models with clinical predictors led to large improvements in lithium response prediction. When used with other PRS and biological markers in the future this approach may help inform which patients are most likely to respond to lithium treatment.
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Herzig C, Frank J, Nenning A, Gerstl M, Bumberger A, Fleig J, Opitz AK, Limbeck A. Combining electrochemical and quantitative elemental analysis to investigate the sulfur poisoning process of ceria thin film fuel electrodes. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. A 2022; 10:1840-1851. [PMID: 35178245 PMCID: PMC8788136 DOI: 10.1039/d1ta06873c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This work deals with the effect of sulfur incorporation into model-type GDC thin films on their in-plane ionic conductivity. By means of impedance measurements, a strongly deteriorating effect on the grain boundary conductivity was confirmed, which additionally depends on the applied electrochemical polarisation. To quantify the total amount of sulfur incorporated into GDC thin films, online-laser ablation of solids in liquid (online-LASIL) was used as a novel solid sampling strategy. Online-LASIL combines several advantages of conventional sample introduction systems and enables the detection of S as a minor component in a very limited sample system (in the present case 35 μg total sample mass). To reach the requested sensitivity for S detection using an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), the reaction cell of the quadrupole instrument was used and the parameters for the mass shift reaction with O2 were optimised. The combination of electrical and quantitative analytical results allows the identification of a potential sulfur incorporation pathway, which very likely proceeds along GDC grain boundaries with oxysulfide formation as the main driver of ion transport degradation. Depending on the applied cathodic bias, the measured amount of sulfur would be equivalent to 1-4 lattice constants of GDC transformed into an oxysulfide phase at the material's grain boundaries.
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Islam MT, Davis Z, Chen L, Englaender J, Zomorodi S, Frank J, Bartlett K, Somers E, Carballo SM, Kester M, Shakeel A, Pourtaheri P, Sherif SM. Minicell-based fungal RNAi delivery for sustainable crop protection. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 14:1847-1856. [PMID: 33624940 PMCID: PMC8313293 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS) using topical dsRNA applications has risen as a promising, target-specific, and environmentally friendly disease management strategy against phytopathogenic fungi. However, dsRNA stability, efficacy, and scalability are still the main constraints facing SIGS broader application. Here we show that Escherichia coli-derived anucleated minicells can be utilized as a cost-effective, scalable platform for dsRNA production and encapsulation. We demonstrated that minicell-encapsulated dsRNA (ME-dsRNA) was shielded from RNase degradation and stabilized on strawberry surfaces, allowing dsRNA persistence in field-like conditions. ME-dsRNAs targeting chitin synthase class III (Chs3a, Chs3b) and DICER-like proteins (DCL1 and DCL2) genes of Botryotinia fuckeliana selectively knocked-down the target genes and led to significant fungal growth inhibition in vitro. We also observed a compensatory relationship between DCL1 and DCL2 gene transcripts, where the silencing of one gene upregulated the expression of the other. Contrary to naked-dsRNAs, ME-dsRNAs halted disease progression in strawberries for 12 days under greenhouse conditions. These results elucidate the potential of ME-dsRNAs to enable the commercial application of RNAi-based, species-specific biocontrols comparable in efficacy to conventional synthetics. ME-dsRNAs offer a platform that can readily be translated to large-scale production and deployed in open-field applications to control grey mould in strawberries.
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Berger S, Shaw DR, Berben T, Ouboter HT, In 't Zandt MH, Frank J, Reimann J, Jetten MSM, Welte CU. Current production by non-methanotrophic bacteria enriched from an anaerobic methane-oxidizing microbial community. Biofilm 2021; 3:100054. [PMID: 34308332 PMCID: PMC8258643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2021.100054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the externalization of electrons as part of respiratory metabolic processes has been discovered in many different bacteria and some archaea. Microbial extracellular electron transfer (EET) plays an important role in many anoxic natural or engineered ecosystems. In this study, an anaerobic methane-converting microbial community was investigated with regard to its potential to perform EET. At this point, it is not well-known if or how EET confers a competitive advantage to certain species in methane-converting communities. EET was investigated in a two-chamber electrochemical system, sparged with methane and with an applied potential of +400 mV versus standard hydrogen electrode. A biofilm developed on the working electrode and stable low-density current was produced, confirming that EET indeed did occur. The appearance and presence of redox centers at −140 to −160 mV and at −230 mV in the biofilm was confirmed by cyclic voltammetry scans. Metagenomic analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization of the biofilm showed that the anaerobic methanotroph ‘Candidatus Methanoperedens BLZ2’ was a significant member of the biofilm community, but its relative abundance did not increase compared to the inoculum. On the contrary, the relative abundance of other members of the microbial community significantly increased (up to 720-fold, 7.2% of mapped reads), placing these microorganisms among the dominant species in the bioanode community. This group included Zoogloea sp., Dechloromonas sp., two members of the Bacteroidetes phylum, and the spirochete Leptonema sp. Genes encoding proteins putatively involved in EET were identified in Zoogloea sp., Dechloromonas sp. and one member of the Bacteroidetes phylum. We suggest that instead of methane, alternative carbon sources such as acetate were the substrate for EET. Hence, EET in a methane-driven chemolithoautotrophic microbial community seems a complex process in which interactions within the microbial community are driving extracellular electron transfer to the electrode.
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Hermasch MA, Schön MP, Frank J. Comorbid acne inversa and Dowling-Degos disease due to a single NCSTN mutation: is there enough evidence? Br J Dermatol 2020; 184:374. [PMID: 32894577 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Lang M, Leménager T, Streit F, Fauth-Bühler M, Frank J, Juraeva D, Witt S, Degenhardt F, Hofmann A, Heilmann-Heimbach S, Kiefer F, Brors B, Grabe HJ, John U, Bischof A, Bischof G, Völker U, Homuth G, Beutel M, Lind P, Medland S, Slutske W, Martin N, Völzke H, Nöthen M, Meyer C, Rumpf HJ, Wurst F, Rietschel M, Mann K. Genome-wide association study of pathological gambling. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 36:38-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundPathological gambling is a behavioural addiction with negative economic, social, and psychological consequences. Identification of contributing genes and pathways may improve understanding of aetiology and facilitate therapy and prevention. Here, we report the first genome-wide association study of pathological gambling. Our aims were to identify pathways involved in pathological gambling, and examine whether there is a genetic overlap between pathological gambling and alcohol dependence.MethodsFour hundred and forty-five individuals with a diagnosis of pathological gambling according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders were recruited in Germany, and 986 controls were drawn from a German general population sample. A genome-wide association study of pathological gambling comprising single marker, gene-based, and pathway analyses, was performed. Polygenic risk scores were generated using data from a German genome-wide association study of alcohol dependence.ResultsNo genome-wide significant association with pathological gambling was found for single markers or genes. Pathways for Huntington's disease (P-value = 6.63 × 10−3); 5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase signalling (P-value = 9.57 × 10−3); and apoptosis (P-value = 1.75 × 10−2) were significant. Polygenic risk score analysis of the alcohol dependence dataset yielded a one-sided nominal significant P-value in subjects with pathological gambling, irrespective of comorbid alcohol dependence status.ConclusionsThe present results accord with previous quantitative formal genetic studies which showed genetic overlap between non-substance- and substance-related addictions. Furthermore, pathway analysis suggests shared pathology between Huntington's disease and pathological gambling. This finding is consistent with previous imaging studies.
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Maffia M, Vergara D, Romano A, Corricciati C, Damato M, Frank J, Fournier I, Salzet M, Quattrini A. Spatio-temporal analysis of rat peripheral nerve regeneration. J Biotechnol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Dathe K, Frank J, Padberg S, Hultzsch S, Meixner K, Beck E, Meister R, Schaefer C. Negligible risk of prenatal ductus arteriosus closure or fetal renal impairment after third‐trimester paracetamol use: evaluation of the German Embryotox cohort. BJOG 2019; 126:1560-1567. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.15872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Frank J, Betz RC. Haaranomalien bei syndromalen Erkrankungen. Hautarzt 2019; 70:514-519. [DOI: 10.1007/s00105-019-4440-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Skin tumors can manifest solitarily and sporadically but can also be multiple and familial. Beside the skin, hereditary cutaneous tumor syndromes also affect extracutaneous organs and are clinically and genetically heterogeneous. Taking the medical history, a clinical examination and dermatopathological characterization of the respective neoplasia will help the dermatologist to reach a diagnosis at an early stage. Subsequently, this diagnosis can be unambiguously confirmed by molecular genetic analysis. Here, we provide an overview and update on selected hereditary cutaneous tumor syndromes.
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Passipieri JA, Dienes J, Frank J, Glazier J, Portell A, Venkatesh KP, Bliley JM, Grybowski D, Schilling BK, Marra KG, Christ GJ. Adipose Stem Cells Enhance Nerve Regeneration and Muscle Function in a Peroneal Nerve Ablation Model. Tissue Eng Part A 2019; 27:297-310. [PMID: 30760135 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe peripheral nerve injuries have devastating consequences on the quality of life in affected patients, and they represent a significant unmet medical need. Destruction of nerve fibers results in denervation of targeted muscles, which, subsequently, undergo progressive atrophy and loss of function. Timely restoration of neural innervation to muscle fibers is crucial to the preservation of muscle homeostasis and function. The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of addition of adipose stem cells (ASCs) to polycaprolactone (PCL) nerve conduit guides on peripheral nerve repair and functional muscle recovery in the setting of a critical size nerve defect. To this end, peripheral nerve injury was created by surgically ablating 6 mm of the common peroneal nerve in a rat model. A PCL nerve guide, filled with ASCs and/or poloxamer hydrogel, was sutured to the nerve ends. Negative and positive controls included nerve ablation only (no repair), and reversed polarity autograft nerve implant, respectively. Tibialis anterior (TA) muscle function was assessed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks postinjury, and nerve and muscle tissue was retrieved at the 12-week terminal time point. Inclusion of ASCs in the PCL nerve guide elicited statistically significant time-dependent increases in functional recovery (contraction) after denervation; ∼25% higher than observed in acellular (poloxamer-filled) implants and indistinguishable from autograft implants, respectively, at 12 weeks postinjury (p < 0.05, n = 7-8 in each group). Analysis of single muscle fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) revealed that ASC-based treatment of nerve injury provided a better recapitulation of the overall distribution of muscle fiber CSAs observed in the contralateral TA muscle of uninjured limbs. In addition, the presence of ASCs was associated with improved features of re-innervation distal to the defect, with respect to neurofilament and S100 (Schwann cell marker) expression. In conclusion, these initial studies indicate significant benefits of inclusion of ASCs to the rate and magnitude of both peripheral nerve regeneration and functional recovery of muscle contraction, to levels equivalent to autograft implantation. These findings have important implications to improved nerve repair, and they provide input for future work directed to restoration of nerve and muscle function after polytraumatic injury. Impact Statement This works explores the application of adipose stem cells (ASCs) for peripheral nerve regeneration in a rat model. Herein, we demonstrate that the addition of ASCs in poloxamer-filled PCL nerve guide conduits impacts nerve regeneration and recovery of muscle function, to levels equivalent to autograft implantation, which is considered to be the current gold standard treatment. This study builds on the importance of a timely restoration of innervation to muscle fibers for preservation of muscle homeostasis, and it will provide input for future work aiming at restoring nerve and muscle function after polytraumatic injury.
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Schweiger JI, Bilek E, Schäfer A, Braun U, Moessnang C, Harneit A, Post P, Otto K, Romanczuk-Seiferth N, Erk S, Wackerhagen C, Mattheisen M, Mühleisen TW, Cichon S, Nöthen MM, Frank J, Witt SH, Rietschel M, Heinz A, Walter H, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Tost H. Effects of BDNF Val 66Met genotype and schizophrenia familial risk on a neural functional network for cognitive control in humans. Neuropsychopharmacology 2019; 44:590-597. [PMID: 30375508 PMCID: PMC6333795 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-018-0248-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive control represents an essential neuropsychological characteristic that allows for the rapid adaption of a changing environment by constant re-allocation of cognitive resources. This finely tuned mechanism is impaired in psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and contributes to cognitive deficits. Neuroimaging has highlighted the contribution of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and prefrontal regions (PFC) on cognitive control and demonstrated the impact of genetic variation, as well as genetic liability for schizophrenia. In this study, we aimed to examine the influence of the functional single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs6265 of a plasticity-related neurotrophic factor gene, BDNF (Val66Met), on cognitive control. Strong evidence implicates BDNF Val66Met in neural plasticity in humans. Furthermore, several studies suggest that although the variant is not convincingly associated with schizophrenia risk, it seems to be a modifier of the clinical presentation and course of the disease. In order to clarify the underlying mechanisms using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we studied the effects of this SNP on ACC and PFC activation, and the connectivity between these regions in a discovery sample of 85 healthy individuals and sought to replicate this effect in an independent sample of 253 individuals. Additionally, we tested the identified imaging phenotype in relation to schizophrenia familial risk in a sample of 58 unaffected first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients. We found a significant increase in interregional connectivity between ACC and PFC in the risk-associated BDNF 66Met allele carriers. Furthermore, we replicated this effect in an independent sample and demonstrated its independence of structural confounds, as well as task specificity. A similar coupling increase was detectable in individuals with increased familial risk for schizophrenia. Our results show that a key neural circuit for cognitive control is influenced by a plasticity-related genetic variant, which may render this circuit particular susceptible to genetic and environmental risk factors for schizophrenia.
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Frank J, Kietzman K, Damron-Rodriguez J, Palimaru A, del Pino H, Regos-Stewart D. CALIFORNIA’S MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES ACT: DOES IT SUPPORT AN OLDER ADULT SYSTEM OF CARE? Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.1998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Parren L, Baron J, Joussen S, Marquardt Y, Hanneken S, van Steensel M, Steijlen P, van Geel M, Frank J. CYLD
mutations differentially affect splicing and mRNA decay in Brooke-Spiegler syndrome. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018; 32:e331-e333. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Haux R, Frank J, Knaup P. The IMIA WGI Database on Health and Medical Informatics Programs and Courses: A Call for Participation. Methods Inf Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1636844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Working Group 1 on health and medical informatics education of the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) has established a WWW site (http://ix.urz.uni-heidelberg.de/ ~ d16) to provide up-to-date information about its work. The core of the site is an underlying database providing information on health and medical informatics (HMI) programs and courses worldwide. To be able to have a database of high quality and value we encourage all teachers and institutions to submit information about courses and programs on HMI education offered and to set pointers to their own WWW sites. In addition, a mailing list was installed to facilitate communication between all persons interested in HMI education. For subscription a message has to be sent to “listserv@listserv.net”. The body of the message should read “SUBSCRIBE IMIA-WG1”. Messages to the IMIAWG1 list have to be sent to “imia-wg1@urzinfo.urz.uni-heidelberg.de”.
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Frank J, Jackson LS, Ryser ET, Skandamis P. Scientific Editors' Report. J Food Prot 2018. [DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.81.1.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Humbatova A, Maroofian R, Romano MT, Tafazzoli A, Behnam M, Dilaver N, Nouri N, Salehi M, Wolf S, Frank J, Kokordelis P, Betz RC. An insertion mutation in HOXC13 underlies pure hair and nail ectodermal dysplasia with lacrimal duct obstruction. Br J Dermatol 2017; 178:e265-e267. [PMID: 29278420 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ralser DJ, Lestringant GG, Du-Thanh A, Kokordelis P, Fischer J, Basmanav FBÜ, Wolf S, Thiele H, Altmüller J, Nürnberg P, Oji V, Fritz G, Frank J, Betz RC. Functional implications of novel ADAM10 mutations in reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177:e340-e343. [PMID: 29192958 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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