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Mayeur H, Leyhr J, Mulley J, Leurs N, Michel L, Sharma K, Lagadec R, Aury JM, Osborne OG, Mulhair P, Poulain J, Mangenot S, Mead D, Smith M, Corton C, Oliver K, Skelton J, Betteridge E, Dolucan J, Dudchenko O, Omer AD, Weisz D, Aiden EL, McCarthy S, Sims Y, Torrance J, Tracey A, Howe K, Baril T, Hayward A, Martinand-Mari C, Sanchez S, Haitina T, Martin K, Korsching SI, Mazan S, Debiais-Thibaud M. The sensory shark: high-quality morphological, genomic and transcriptomic data for the small-spotted catshark Scyliorhinus canicula reveal the molecular bases of sensory organ evolution in jawed vertebrates. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.23.595469. [PMID: 39005470 PMCID: PMC11244906 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.23.595469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Cartilaginous fishes (chimaeras and elasmobranchs -sharks, skates and rays) hold a key phylogenetic position to explore the origin and diversifications of jawed vertebrates. Here, we report and integrate reference genomic, transcriptomic and morphological data in the small-spotted catshark Scyliorhinus canicula to shed light on the evolution of sensory organs. We first characterise general aspects of the catshark genome, confirming the high conservation of genome organisation across cartilaginous fishes, and investigate population genomic signatures. Taking advantage of a dense sampling of transcriptomic data, we also identify gene signatures for all major organs, including chondrichthyan specializations, and evaluate expression diversifications between paralogs within major gene families involved in sensory functions. Finally, we combine these data with 3D synchrotron imaging and in situ gene expression analyses to explore chondrichthyan-specific traits and more general evolutionary trends of sensory systems. This approach brings to light, among others, novel markers of the ampullae of Lorenzini electro-sensory cells, a duplication hotspot for crystallin genes conserved in jawed vertebrates, and a new metazoan clade of the Transient-receptor potential (TRP) family. These resources and results, obtained in an experimentally tractable chondrichthyan model, open new avenues to integrate multiomics analyses for the study of elasmobranchs and jawed vertebrates.
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McInally W, Benstead K, Brandl A, Dodlek N, De Munter J, Gasparotto C, Grau-Eriksen J, Kelly RG, Lecoq C, O'Higgins N, Oliver K, Popovics M, Rollo I, Sulosaari V, de Los Ríos de la Serna CD. Correction to: Like Frying Multiple Eggs in One Pan: a Qualitative Study Exploring the Understanding of Inter-speciality Training in Cancer Care. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2023; 38:10.1007/s13187-023-02299-4. [PMID: 37059923 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-023-02299-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
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McInally W, Benstead K, Brandl A, Dodlek N, De Munter J, Gasparotto C, Grau-Eriksen J, Kelly RG, Lecoq C, O'Higgins N, Oliver K, Popovics M, Rollo I, Sulosaari V, Diez de Los Rios de la Serna C. Like Frying Multiple Eggs in One Pan: a Qualitative Study Exploring the Understanding of Inter-speciality Training in Cancer Care. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2023; 38:1091-1097. [PMID: 37009945 PMCID: PMC10234861 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-023-02285-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
H igh-quality cancer care is a key priority worldwide. Caring for people affected by cancer requires a range of specific knowledge, skills and experience to deliver the complex care regimens both within the hospital and within the community environment. In June 2022, the European Cancer Organisation along with 33 European cancer societies began working together to develop a curriculum for inter-speciality training for healthcare professionals across Europe. As part of the project, this research consisted of a qualitative survey distributed to the European Union societies via email. The aim of this paper is to disseminate the qualitative findings from healthcare professionals across Europe. Questionnaires were sent out to a convenience sample of 219 healthcare professionals and patient advocates with a response rate of 55% (n = 115). The findings identified that there were four key themes: 'What is inter-speciality training?', 'Barriers and challenges', 'Support throughout the cancer journey' and 'New ways of working'. These results are part of a larger needs analysis and scoping review to inform the development of a core competency framework which will be part of an inter-speciality curriculum for specialist cancer doctors, nurses and other healthcare professionals across Europe. Healthcare professionals will be able to access education and training through the virtual learning environment and workshops and by clinical rotations to other specialties.
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Kaazan P, Palmer AJ, Oliver K, Burger D, Segal J, Chao CY, Martin N. Primary intestinal Cytomegalovirus infection in a patient with severe ulcerative colitis. Intern Med J 2023; 53:875-876. [PMID: 37222094 DOI: 10.1111/imj.16097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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Stratil J, Biallas RL, Movsisyan A, Oliver K, Rehfuess EA. Anticipating & assessing adverse consequences of public health interventions - CONSEQUENT framework. Eur J Public Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac130.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Despite the best intentions, public health (PH) interventions can have adverse and other unintended consequences (AUCs). AUCs may arise in novel PH interventions, as well as from known and tested PH interventions implemented in a new context. Despite their importance, this topic has been largely overlooked. Therefore, we used a structured value-guided as well as evidence-based approach, to develop a framework to support researchers, practitioners, and policy-makers in anticipating and assessing AUCs of PH interventions.
Methods
We employed the ‘best-fit’ synthesis approach starting with an a priori framework and iteratively revising this based on systematically identified evidence. The a priori framework was derived from both the WHO-INTEGRATE framework and the Behaviour Change Wheel, to root the framework in global health norms and values, established mechanisms of PH interventions, and a complexity perspective. The a priori framework was advanced based on theoretical and conceptual publications and systematic reviews on the topic of AUCs in PH. Thematic analysis was used to revise the framework and identify new themes. To validate the framework, it was coded against four selected systematic reviews of AUCs of PH interventions.
Results
The CONSEQUENT framework includes two components: the first focuses on AUCs and serves to categorise them; the second component highlights the mechanisms through which AUCs may arise. The first component comprises eight domains of consequences - health-related, health system, human and fundamental rights, acceptability- and adherence-related, equality- and equity-related, social and institutional, economic and resource-related, and environmental.
Conclusions
Both over- and underestimation of AUCs of PH intervention poses risks. The CONSEQUENT framework may facilitate classification and conceptualization of AUCs of PH interventions during their development or evaluation to support evidence-informed decision-making.
Key messages
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Jayaweera S, Oliver K, Russell R. P.99 Anaesthetic management of a parturient with advanced cryptogenic liver cirrhosis. Int J Obstet Anesth 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2022.103395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Naing P, Musameh M, Vaidya S, Broyd C, Townsend A, Ball K, Oliver K, Hiskens M, Zhang Z. Intravascular Lithotripsy Catheter Balloon for Calcified Coronary Artery Intervention for the First 10 Cases at Mackay Base Hospital. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mao Y, Icyuz M, Santos S, Rab A, Hong J, Sorscher E, Hartman J, Oliver K. 614: Discovery of novel epistatic interactions that influence CFTR folding trajectory. J Cyst Fibros 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(21)02037-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Bampi G, Rauscher R, Ferrer M, Joshi D, Mark D, Strug L, Rommens J, Ballman M, Sorscher E, Ignatova Z, Oliver K. 649: Pharmacologic response of rare CFTR folding variants is mediated by a silent polymorphism that alters ribosome velocity. J Cyst Fibros 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(21)02072-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ailawadhi S, Chanan-Khan A, Peterson J, Stiff P, Ibrahim E, Green D, Longcor J, Oliver K, Brown M, Friend J, Callander N. 857TiP An open-label, multicenter, phase II study of CLR 131 in patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) select B-cell malignancies (CLOVER-1) and expansion cohort in patients with waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (CLOVER-WaM). Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Stratil J, Oliver K, von Philipsborn P, Movsisyan A, Rehfuess EA. More harm than good? Building a framework to identify adverse effects of public health interventions. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.1258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
While the importance of adverse events of medical interventions is widely recognized, adverse effects of public health interventions remain a neglected topic. This project aims to develop a framework to guide researchers and decision-makers to systematically reflect on and identify potential adverse effects of public health interventions.
Methods
We conducted a mixed-method systematic review of theoretical and conceptual publications on adverse events of public health interventions to develop a preliminary framework employing best-fit framework synthesis. We used the WHO-INTEGRATE framework as a starting point for the synthesis, a multidimensional evidence-to-decision framework developed for complex interventions in complex systems.
Results
The framework includes two interlinked parts: The first maps domains in which potential adverse events might arise. Drawing on the WHO-INTEGRATE framework, these domains include aspects related to health, but also domains related to societal, economic, and environmental implications. The second part maps general mechanisms through which public health interventions can lead to adverse effects (e.g. reactive behaviour change, increase of labelling and stigmatization, and exposure to environmental risk-factors).
Conclusions
The framework will be advanced in the second phase of the project through empirical studies of harmful effects in public health interventions, which we will identify through an overview of systematic reviews. Adverse effects of public health interventions are currently not sufficiently considered in research and practice. Taking them into account is essential for informed decision-making and establishing appropriate countermeasures. Our framework could be a valuable asset for researchers and policy makers in developing, implementing and evaluating public health interventions.
Key messages
Awareness of the adverse effects of public health interventions is essential for informed decision-making and establishing countermeasures. This framework supports researchers and decision-makers in systematically reflecting on and identifying adverse events when developing, piloting, implementing or evaluating public health interventions.
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Wilson GJ, Wood S, Patel C, Oliver K, John G, Ranganathan D, Mallett A, Isbel N. DNAJB11-Related Atypical ADPKD in a Kidney Transplant Donor. Kidney Int Rep 2020; 5:1363-1366. [PMID: 32775842 PMCID: PMC7403562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Ellis R, Del Vecchio S, Oliver K, Gobe G, Wood S, Francis R. SAT-338 Histological markers of chronic damage in radical nephrectomy specimens and kidney function at twelve postoperative months. Kidney Int Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.05.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Ellis RJ, Kalma B, Del Vecchio SJ, Aliano DN, Ng KL, Dimeski G, Ma L, Guard D, Bertram JF, Morais C, Oliver K, Wood ST, Gobe GC, Francis RS. Chronic kidney cortical damage is associated with baseline kidney function and albuminuria in patients managed with radical nephrectomy for kidney tumours. Pathology 2018; 51:32-38. [PMID: 30477884 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the relationship between histological markers of chronic kidney damage in patients undergoing radical nephrectomy for kidney tumours and preoperative kidney function, degree of albuminuria, and changes in glomerular volume. A schema to grade chronic kidney damage could be used to identify patients at risk of developing CKD following nephrectomy. Non-neoplastic cortical tissue was sourced from 150 patients undergoing radical nephrectomy for suspected kidney cancer. This tissue was evaluated for indicators of chronic damage, specifically: glomerulosclerosis, arteriosclerosis, interstitial fibrosis, and tubular atrophy. Glomerular volume was determined using the Weibel and Gomez method. Associations between these parameters and both estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) were determined using either a Mann-Whitney U-test or a Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA. Associations between both eGFR and ACR and glomerular volume were assessed using linear regression. eGFR was inversely associated with the degree of glomerulosclerosis (p < 0.001), vascular narrowing (p = 0.002), tubular atrophy (p < 0.001), and interstitial fibrosis (p < 0.001). ACR was associated only with the degree of interstitial fibrosis (p = 0.02) and tubular atrophy (p = 0.02). Glomerular volume was greater for males, diabetics, hypertensive patients, and patients with a greater degree of interstitial fibrosis. Glomerular volume was positively associated with ACR. A schema to grade chronic damage was developed. The proposed schema is associated with baseline clinical indices of kidney function and damage. Longitudinal validation is necessary to determine the prognostic utility of this schema.
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Hazarika R, Albreht T, Berger B, Duplay D, Makaroff L, Maravic Z, Mortuza R, Muthu V, Oliver K, Price R, van Meerveld M, Steinmann K, Krukowsk A, Catena R, Wait S, Zilli V. Improving value for cancer patients: A European study of outcomes in practice. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy303.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Greenwood AM, Gunnarsson R, Neuen BL, Oliver K, Green SJ, Baer RA. Clinical presentation, treatment and outcome of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in Far North Queensland Australian adults. Nephrology (Carlton) 2018; 22:520-530. [PMID: 27170059 DOI: 10.1111/nep.12816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim is to describe the clinical features, treatment and outcomes in Australian adults with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and identify predictors of disease progression and all-cause mortality. METHODS The study included all patients with biopsy confirmed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis between January 1997 and June 2014 at participating hospitals. Clinical factors, histopathological findings, biochemical markers and treatments were analysed and potential predictors of doubling serum creatinine, end stage kidney disease or death identified. RESULTS A total of 98 patients were included with a median follow up of 4.3 years. Thirty-four (35%) patients were Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis not-otherwise-specified was the most common variant. Seventeen (59%) patients initially treated with immunosuppression experienced an improvement in renal function. At the end of follow up, 43 (44%) patients had progressed to the composite outcome. Baseline tubulointerstitial scarring and lower haemoglobin predicted shorter time to doubling serum creatinine. Dual diagnosis, higher serum creatinine, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate and doubling creatinine were associated with shorter time to end stage kidney disease with remission the only protective factor. Age was the only variable associated with all-cause mortality. CONCLUSION Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis holds serious implications for patients. Concomitant diabetic nephropathy, higher serum creatinine and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate at renal biopsy were associated with poorer renal prognosis. Indigenous people had a female predominance and are over-represented in relation to their population size, however, were not associated with poorer prognosis. Remission was the only modifiable variable and thus should be at the forefront of patient management goals and future studies.
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Mackintosh D, Mantha M, Oliver K. Goodpasture disease as a consequence of melioidosis. Intern Med J 2017; 46:1446-1449. [PMID: 27981771 DOI: 10.1111/imj.13282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We describe a case of anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibody-mediated disease in association with concomitant Burkholderia pseudomallei (melioidosis) bacteraemia. The temporal profile of the illness and initial absence of circulating anti-GBM antibodies, in light of the subsequent definitive histological diagnosis of anti-GBM disease, makes this case interesting and unusual. Additionally, there have been no prior case reports suggesting melioidosis as a cause of biopsy-proven glomerulonephritis.
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Aati H, Oliver K, ElGamal A. Phytochemical and Biological Investigation of Jatropha pelargoniifolia Root Indigenous to Saudia Arabia. Am J Transl Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Aapro M, Chrostowski S, Florindi F, Gandouet B, Hanna S, Hazarika R, Hess R, de Lorenzo F, Muthu V, Oliver K, Roediger A, Rosvall-Puplett T, Ryll B, Spurrier G, Steinmann K, Szucs T, Wait S, Wierinck L, Yared W. All.Can initiative: improving efficiency in cancer care. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx375.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Munne S, Kaplan B, Frattarelli J, Gysler M, Child T, Nakhuda G, Shamma F, Silverberg K, Kalista T, Oliver K, Katz-Jaffe M, Wells D, Gordon T, Willman S. Global multicenter randomized controlled trial comparing single embryo transfer with embryo selected by preimplantation genetic screening using next-generation sequencing versus morphologic assessment. Fertil Steril 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.07.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Zhao A, Zheng L, Casus M, Judd P, Finn M, Ho M, Jaffer A, Kamal S, Lappan-Gracon S, McAllister M, Oliver K, Warmington K, Talarico S. IT’S NOT JUST A TOOTH: A POSTER CAMPAIGN TO PROMOTE ORAL HEALTH AT SICKKIDS. Paediatr Child Health 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxx086.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Palamuthusingam D, Mantha M, Oliver K, Bavishi K, Dheda S. Mini review: A unique case of crescentic C3 glomerulonephritis. Nephrology (Carlton) 2017; 22:261-264. [PMID: 28205354 DOI: 10.1111/nep.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Kidney involvement is an under-recognized complication of non-Hodgkin lymphomas. They occur in a variety of mechanisms and differ widely in their clinical presentation. We take this opportunity to report a case of a 65 year-old man who developed a rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis within days after completing his first cycle of R-CHOP (Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, Prednisolone) chemotherapy for newly diagnosed mantle cell lymphoma. He was odematous, hypertensive, oliguric with nephrotic range proteinuria and an active urine sediment. A renal biopsy showed a crescentic C3 glomerulonephritis (C3GN) with no evidence endocapillary or mesangial hypercellularity. He was promptly treated with immunosuppression and dialysis, with resumption of his chemotherapy. Genetic testing on complement proteins revealed a homozygous deletion spanning the CFHR1 and CFHR3 genes. Crescentic C3GN is a rare form of kidney injury, and this is the first known case of lymphoma-associated kidney involvement manifesting as C3GN. This article explores the possible mechanism of disease and reviews the literature of lymphoma-related kidney disease.
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Loganathan A, Tan KS, Moore J, Oliver K. A case of acute phosphate nephropathy. Med J Aust 2016; 204:183-183e1. [PMID: 26985842 DOI: 10.5694/mja15.01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Gobe GC, Ng KL, Small DM, Vesey DA, Johnson DW, Samaratunga H, Oliver K, Wood S, Barclay JL, Rajandram R, Li L, Morais C. Decreased apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain confers resistance to sunitinib in renal cell carcinoma through alternate angiogenesis pathways. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 473:47-53. [PMID: 26995091 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC), an endogenous inhibitor of apoptosis, is upregulated in a number of human cancers, thereby conferring drug resistance and giving a rationale for the inhibition of ARC to overcome drug resistance. Our hypothesis was that ARC would be similarly upregulated and targetable for therapy in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Expression of ARC was assessed in 85 human RCC samples and paired non-neoplastic kidney by qPCR and immunohistochemistry, as well as in four RCC cell lines by qPCR, Western immunoblot and confocal microscopy. Contrary to expectations, ARC was significantly decreased in the majority of clear cell RCC and in three (ACHN, Caki-1 and 786-0) of the four RCC cell lines compared with the HK-2 non-cancerous human proximal tubular epithelial cell line. Inhibition of ARC with shRNA in the RCC cell line (SN12K1) that had shown increased ARC expression conferred resistance to Sunitinib, and upregulated interleukin-6 (IL-6) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). We therefore propose that decreased ARC, particularly in clear cell RCC, confers resistance to targeted therapy through restoration of tyrosine kinase-independent alternate angiogenesis pathways. Although the results are contrary to expectations from other cancer studies, they were confirmed here with multiple analytical methods. We believe the highly heterogeneous nature of cancers like RCC predicate that expression patterns of molecules must be interpreted in relation to respective matched non-neoplastic regions. In the current study, this procedure indicated that ARC is decreased in RCC.
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Grant R, Bulbeck H, Oliver K, Quinn G, MacDonald L, Day J, Zienius K, Morley R. OP01THE UK TOP 10 CLINICAL RESEARCH PRIORITIES IN NEURO-ONCOLOGY. Neuro Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov283.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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