1
|
Ahn E, Kim YJ, Akanda MR, Oh S, Jung T, Jung S, Lee J, Kim SS, Jeong YY, Ha H, Hyun H, Kim H, Rhee JH, Kim KK, Lee K, Moon K. Metastasis-enhancing protein KITENIN confers temozolomide resistance on glioblastoma with unmethylated MGMT via upregulation of cancer stem cell makers. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1804. [PMID: 39118288 PMCID: PMC11310266 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
|
2
|
Varlı M, Kim E, Oh S, Pulat S, Zhou R, Gamage CDB, Gökalsın B, Sesal NC, Kim KK, Paik MJ, Kim H. Chrysophanol inhibits of colorectal cancer cell motility and energy metabolism by targeting the KITENIN/ErbB4 oncogenic complex. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:253. [PMID: 39030594 PMCID: PMC11264950 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03434-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expression of the KITENIN/ErbB4 oncogenic complex is associated with metastasis of colorectal cancer to distant organs and lymph nodes and is linked with poor prognosis and poor survival. METHODS Here, we used in vitro and in silico methods to test the ability of chrysophanol, a molecule of natural origin, to suppress the progression of colorectal cancer by targeting the KITENIN/ErbB4 complex. RESULTS Chrysophanol binds to ErbB4, disrupting the ErbB4/KITENIN complex and causing autophagic degradation of KITENIN. We demonstrated that chrysophanol binds to ErbB4 according to a molecular docking model. Chrysophanol reversed KITENIN-mediated effects on cell motility, aerobic glycolysis, and expression of downstream effector genes. Moreover, under conditions of KITENIN overexpression, chrysophanol suppressed the production of onco-metabolites. CONCLUSION Chrysophanol suppresses oncogenic activities by targeting the KITENIN/ErbB4 complex.
Collapse
|
3
|
Varlı M, Kim SJ, Noh MG, Kim YG, Ha HH, Kim KK, Kim H. KITENIN promotes aerobic glycolysis through PKM2 induction by upregulating the c-Myc/hnRNPs axis in colorectal cancer. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:146. [PMID: 37553596 PMCID: PMC10410973 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01089-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The oncoprotein KAI1 C-terminal interacting tetraspanin (KITENIN; vang-like 1) promotes cell metastasis, invasion, and angiogenesis, resulting in shorter survival times in cancer patients. Here, we aimed to determine the effects of KITENIN on the energy metabolism of human colorectal cancer cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The effects of KITENIN on energy metabolism were evaluated using in vitro assays. The GEPIA web tool was used to extrapolate the clinical relevance of KITENIN in cancer cell metabolism. The bioavailability and effect of the disintegrator of KITENIN complex compounds were evaluated by LC-MS, in vivo animal assay. RESULTS KITENIN markedly upregulated the glycolytic proton efflux rate and aerobic glycolysis by increasing the expression of GLUT1, HK2, PKM2, and LDHA. β-catenin, CD44, CyclinD1 and HIF-1A, including c-Myc, were upregulated by KITENIN expression. In addition, KITENIN promoted nuclear PKM2 and PKM2-induced transactivation, which in turn, increased the expression of downstream mediators. This was found to be mediated through an effect of c-Myc on the transcription of hnRNP isoforms and a switch to the M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase, which increased aerobic glycolysis. The disintegration of KITENIN complex by silencing the KITENIN or MYO1D downregulated aerobic glycolysis. The disintegrator of KITENIN complex compound DKC1125 and its optimized form, DKC-C14S, exhibited the inhibition activity of KITENIN-mediated aerobic glycolysis in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS The oncoprotein KITENIN induces PKM2-mediated aerobic glycolysis by upregulating the c-Myc/hnRNPs axis.
Collapse
|
4
|
Park SY, Kim SJ, To PK, Zhou R, Kim K, Kim KK, Jung C, Kim H. MicroRNA-122 targets δ-catenin to suppress the tumorigenic potential of prostate cancer cells. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:4853-4864. [PMID: 36381334 PMCID: PMC9641389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
δ-Catenin is expressed abundantly in various human cancers, including prostate, brain, breast, and lung carcinomas, and is recognized as an oncogene that promotes cancer cell growth and tumorigenesis. Although several transcriptional and post-translational pathways for δ-catenin regulation have been identified in cancer cells, the potential effects of microRNA-mediated regulation remain elusive. Here, we used a δ-catenin 3'-UTR luciferase reporter assay to identify regulatory microRNAs. Subsequent bioinformatics analyses and molecular studies revealed that overexpression of miR-122 downregulated δ-catenin expression significantly via targeted binding to a seed sequence in the 3'-UTR region of δ-catenin, and suppressed the invasion, migration, and proliferation of prostate cancer cells in vitro. In a TRAMP-C2 mouse syngeneic prostate tumor model, stable expression of miR-122 decreased both δ-catenin expression and tumor growth. Mechanistically, overexpression of miR-122 inhibited the expression of δ-catenin-mediated downstream factors significantly in prostate cancer cells, including c-myc and cyclin D1. In cells overexpressing miR-122, there was no additive or synergistic effect of siRNA-mediated knockdown of δ-catenin on cell invasiveness, and overexpression of miR-122 alone had a more pronounced suppressive effect on cell invasion than knockdown of δ-catenin alone. These results suggest that miR-122 acts as tumor suppressor in prostate cancer, mainly by downregulating δ-catenin expression, but also by targeting other factors. Indeed, subsequent experiments showed that overexpression of miR-122 reduced the levels of the mRNAs encoding myc, snail, and VEGF in prostate cancer cells. Overall, our findings demonstrate that targeting of δ-catenin by miR-122 represses the motility and tumorigenesis of prostate cancer cells, indicating a tumor suppressive effect of this miRNA in prostate cancer.
Collapse
|
5
|
Kim SJ, Sun EG, Bae JA, Park S, Hong C, Park Z, Kim H, Kim KK. A peptide interfering with the dimerization of oncogenic KITENIN protein and its stability suppresses colorectal tumour progression. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e871. [PMID: 35853101 PMCID: PMC9296036 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The stability of a protein, as well as its function and versatility, can be enhanced through oligomerization. KITENIN (KAI1 C-terminal interacting tetraspanin) is known to promote the malignant progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). How KITENIN maintains its structural integrity and stability are largely unknown, however. Here we investigated the mechanisms regulating the stability of KITENIN with the aim of developing therapeutics blocking its oncogenic functions. We found that KITENIN formed a homo-oligomeric complex and that the intracellular C-terminal domain (KITENIN-CTD) was needed for this oligomerization. Expression of the KITENIN-CTD alone interfered with the formation of the KITENIN homodimer, and the amino acid sequence from 463 to 471 within the KITENIN-CTD was the most effective. This sequence coupled with a cell-penetrating peptide was named a KITENIN dimerization-interfering peptide (KDIP). We next studied the mechanisms by which KDIP affected the stability of KITENIN. The KITENIN-interacting protein myosin-X (Myo10), which has oncogenic activity in several cancers, functioned as an effector to stabilize the KITENIN homodimer in the cis formation. Treatment with KDIP resulted in the disintegration of the homodimer via downregulation of Myo10, which led to increased binding of RACK1 to the exposed RACK1-interacting motif (463-471 aa), and subsequent autophagy-dependent degradation of KITENIN and reduced CRC cell invasion. Intravenous injection of KDIP significantly reduced the tumour burden in a syngeneic mouse tumour model and colorectal liver metastasis in an intrasplenic hepatic metastasis model. Collectively, our present results provide a new cancer therapeutic peptide for blocking colorectal liver metastasis, which acts by inducing the downregulation of Myo10 and specifically targeting the stability of the oncogenic KITENIN protein.
Collapse
|
6
|
Ko YS, Kang H, Bae JA, Kim SJ, Kim N, Chung IJ, Moon KS, Rho JK, Kim H, Ha HH, Oh IJ, Kim KK. New strategy for suppressing the growth of lung cancer cells harboring mutations in the ATP-binding region of EGFR by targeting the molecular motor MYO1D. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e515. [PMID: 34459138 PMCID: PMC8343539 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
|
7
|
Kim JH, Kim K, Kim I, Seong S, Kook H, Kim KK, Koh JT, Kim N. Bifunctional Role of CrkL during Bone Remodeling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137007. [PMID: 34209812 PMCID: PMC8269069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coupled signaling between bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-resorbing osteoclasts is crucial to the maintenance of bone homeostasis. We previously reported that v-crk avian sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homolog-like (CrkL), which belongs to the Crk family of adaptors, inhibits bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2)-mediated osteoblast differentiation, while enhancing receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation. In this study, we investigated whether CrkL can also regulate the coupling signals between osteoblasts and osteoclasts, facilitating bone homeostasis. Osteoblastic CrkL strongly decreased RANKL expression through its inhibition of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) transcription. Reduction in RANKL expression by CrkL in osteoblasts resulted in the inhibition of not only osteoblast-dependent osteoclast differentiation but also osteoclast-dependent osteoblast differentiation, suggesting that CrkL participates in the coupling signals between osteoblasts and osteoclasts via its regulation of RANKL expression. Therefore, CrkL bifunctionally regulates osteoclast differentiation through both a direct and indirect mechanism while it inhibits osteoblast differentiation through its blockade of both BMP2 and RANKL reverse signaling pathways. Collectively, these data suggest that CrkL is involved in bone homeostasis, where it helps to regulate the complex interactions of the osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and their coupling signals.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhou R, Yang Y, Park SY, Nguyen TT, Seo YW, Lee KH, Lee JH, Kim KK, Hur JS, Kim H. Author Correction: The lichen secondary metabolite atranorin suppresses lung cancer cell motility and tumorigenesis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13132. [PMID: 34140534 PMCID: PMC8211669 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91474-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
|
9
|
Bae JA, Bae WK, Kim SJ, Ko YS, Kim KY, Park SY, Yu YH, Kim EA, Chung IJ, Kim H, Ha HH, Kim KK. A new KSRP-binding compound suppresses distant metastasis of colorectal cancer by targeting the oncogenic KITENIN complex. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:78. [PMID: 34039363 PMCID: PMC8152081 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01368-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Distant metastasis is the major cause of death in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Previously, we identified KITENIN as a metastasis-enhancing gene and suggested that the oncogenic KITENIN complex is involved in metastatic dissemination of KITENIN-overexpressing CRC cells. Here, we attempted to find substances targeting the KITENIN complex and test their ability to suppress distant metastasis of CRC. Methods We screened a small-molecule compound library to find candidate substances suppressing the KITENIN complex in CRC cells. We selected a candidate compound and examined its effects on the KITENIN complex and distant metastasis through in vitro assays, a molecular docking model, and in vivo tumor models. Results Among several compounds, we identified DKC1125 (Disintegrator of KITENIN Complex #1125) as the best candidate. DKC1125 specifically suppressed KITENIN gain of function. After binding KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KSRP), DKC1125 degraded KITENIN and Dvl2 by recruiting RACK1 and miRNA-124, leading to the disintegration of the functional KITENIN–KSRP–RACK1–Dvl2 complex. A computer docking model suggested that DKC1125 specifically interacted with the binding pocket of the fourth KH-domain of KSRP. KITENIN-overexpressing CRC cells deregulated certain microRNAs and were resistant to 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, and cetuximab. DKC1125 restored sensitivity to these drugs by normalizing expression of the deregulated microRNAs, including miRNA-124. DKC1125 effectively suppressed colorectal liver metastasis in a mouse model. Interestingly, the combination of DKC1125 with 5-fluorouracil suppressed metastasis more effectively than either drug alone. Conclusion DKC1125 targets the KITENIN complex and could therefore be used as a novel therapeutic to suppress liver metastasis in CRC expressing high levels of KITENIN. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12943-021-01368-w.
Collapse
|
10
|
Ko YS, Bae JA, Kim KY, Kim SJ, Sun EG, Lee KH, Kim N, Kang H, Seo YW, Kim H, Chung IJ, Kim KK. Correction to: MYO1D binds with kinase domain of the EGFR family to anchor them to plasma membrane before their activation and contributes carcinogenesis. Oncogene 2021; 40:3471-3472. [PMID: 33883693 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01675-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
11
|
Taş İ, Han J, Park SY, Yang Y, Zhou R, Gamage CDB, Nguyen TV, Lee JY, Choi YJ, Yu YH, Moon KS, Kim KK, Ha HH, Kim SK, Hur JS, Kim H. Corrigendum to: 'Physciosporin suppresses the proliferation, motility and tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer cells' Phytomedicine 56 (2019) 10-20. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 82:153464. [PMID: 33487520 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
|
12
|
Hong CS, Sun EG, Choi JN, Kim DH, Kim JH, Ryu KH, Shim HJ, Hwang JE, Bae WK, Kim HR, Kim KK, Jung C, Chung IJ, Cho SH. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 increases epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling by inducing amphiregulin expression and attenuates response to EGFR inhibitors in colon cancer. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:3268-3278. [PMID: 32533590 PMCID: PMC7469799 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) is known to induce cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and antiapoptosis through activation of RAS/RAF/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways, which are also known as major molecular bases of colon cancer carcinogenesis related with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling. However, the interaction between FGFR4 and EGFR signaling in regard to colon cancer progression is unclear. Here, we investigated a potential cross‐talk between FGFR4 and EGFR, and the effect of anti‐EGFR therapy in colon cancer treatment. To explore the biological roles of FGFR4 in cancer progression, RNA sequencing was carried out using FGFR4 transfected colon cell lines. Gene ontology data showed the upregulation of genes related to EGFR signaling, and we identified that FGFR4 overexpression secretes EGFR ligands such as amphiregulin (AREG) with consequent activation of EGFR and ErbB3. This result was also shown in in vivo study and the cooperative interaction between EGFR and FGFR4 promoted tumor growth. In addition, FGFR4 overexpression reduced cetuximab‐induced cytotoxicity and the combination of FGFR4 inhibitor (BLU9931) and cetuximab showed profound antitumor effect compared to cetuximab alone. Clinically, we found the positive correlation between FGFR4 and AREG expression in tumor tissue, but not in normal tissue, from colon cancer patients and these expressions were significantly correlated with poor overall survival in patients treated with cetuximab. Therefore, our results provide the novel mechanism of FGFR4 in connection with EGFR activation and the combination of FGFR4 inhibitor and cetuximab could be a promising therapeutic option to achieve the optimal response to anti‐EGFR therapy in colon cancer.
Collapse
|
13
|
Ko YS, Bae JA, Kim KY, Kim SJ, Sun EG, Lee KH, Kim N, Kang H, Seo YW, Kim H, Chung IJ, Kim KK. MYO1D binds with kinase domain of the EGFR family to anchor them to plasma membrane before their activation and contributes carcinogenesis. Oncogene 2019; 38:7416-7432. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0954-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
14
|
Yang Y, Bae WK, Lee KH, Moon KS, Park SY, Zhou R, Taş I, Gamage C, Lee S, Jung C, Kim KK, Ha HH, Kim H. Abstract 2011: Potassium usnate inhibits invasion and metastasis in colorectal cancer: Implication of clinical application of a water-soluble form of usnic acid in anticancer therapy. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Usnic acid (UA), a lichen secondary substance, has considerable anticancer activity in vitro, whereas its effect in vivo is limited. Here, potassium usnate (KU) was prepared by the salinization of UA to enhance its water solubility. KU showed increased bioavailability compared with UA in the tumor, liver, and plasma of a CT26 syngeneic mouse tumor xenograft model after oral administration, as determined by LC-MS/MS analysis. KU exhibited potent anticancer effects on colorectal cancer cells and inhibited liver metastasis in an orthotopic murine colorectal cancer model. KU treatment downregulated the epithelial-mesenchymal markers Twist, Snail, and Slug and the metastasis-related genes CAPN1, CDC42, CFL1, IGF1, WASF1, and WASL in cells and tumor tissues. The present results suggest the potential application of the water-soluble form of UA, KU, in anticancer therapy.
Citation Format: Yi Yang, Woo Kyun Bae, Kyung Hwa Lee, Kyung-Sub Moon, So-Yeon Park, Rui Zhou, Isa Taş, Chathurika Gamage, Sueun Lee, Chaeyong Jung, Kyung Keun Kim, Hyung-Ho Ha, Hangun Kim. Potassium usnate inhibits invasion and metastasis in colorectal cancer: Implication of clinical application of a water-soluble form of usnic acid in anticancer therapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2011.
Collapse
|
15
|
Gamage CDB, Park SY, Yang Y, Zhou R, Taş İ, Bae WK, Kim KK, Shim JH, Kim E, Yoon G, Kim H. Deoxypodophyllotoxin Exerts Anti-Cancer Effects on Colorectal Cancer Cells Through Induction of Apoptosis and Suppression of Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2612. [PMID: 31141929 PMCID: PMC6601030 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Deoxypodophyllotoxin (DPT) is a cyclolignan compound that exerts anti-cancer effects against various types of cancers. DPT induces apoptosis and inhibits the growth of breast, brain, prostate, gastric, lung, and cervical tumors. In this study, we sought to determine the effect of DPT on cell proliferation, apoptosis, motility, and tumorigenesis of three colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines: HT29, DLD1, and Caco2. DPT inhibited the proliferation of these cells. Specifically, the compound-induced mitotic arrest in CRC cells by destabilizing microtubules and activating the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway via regulation of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family proteins (increasing Bcl-2 associated X (BAX) and decreasing B-cell lymphoma-extra-large (Bcl-xL)) ultimately led to caspase-mediated apoptosis. In addition, DPT inhibited tumorigenesis in vitro, and in vivo skin xenograft experiments revealed that DPT significantly decreased tumor size and tumor weight. Taken together, our results suggest DPT to be a potent compound that is suitable for further exploration as a novel chemotherapeutic for human CRC.
Collapse
|
16
|
Kim CW, Oh ET, Kim JM, Park JS, Lee DH, Lee JS, Kim KK, Park HJ. Corrigendum to "Hypoxia-induced microRNA-590-5p promotes colorectal cancer progression by modulating matrix metalloproteinase activity" [Cancer Lett. 416 (2018) 31-41]. Cancer Lett 2019; 455:73. [PMID: 31060874 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
17
|
Taş İ, Han J, Park SY, Yang Y, Zhou R, Gamage CDB, Van Nguyen T, Lee JY, Choi YJ, Yu YH, Moon KS, Kim KK, Ha HH, Kim SK, Hur JS, Kim H. Physciosporin suppresses the proliferation, motility and tumourigenesis of colorectal cancer cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 56:10-20. [PMID: 30668330 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lichens, which represent symbiotic associations of fungi and algae, are potential sources of numerous natural products. Physciosporin (PHY) is a potent secondary metabolite found in lichens and was recently reported to inhibit the motility of lung cancer cells via novel mechanisms. PURPOSE The present study investigated the anticancer potential of PHY on colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. METHODS PHY was isolated from lichen extract by preparative TLC. The effect of PHY on cell viability, motility and tumourigenicity was elucidated by MTT assay, hoechst staining, flow cytometric analysis, transwell invasion and migration assay, soft agar colony formation assay, Western blotting, qRT-PCR and PCR array in vitro as well as tumorigenicity study in vivo. RESULTS PHY decreased the viability of various CRC cell lines (Caco2, CT26, DLD1, HCT116 and SW620). Moreover, PHY elicited cytotoxic effects by inducing apoptosis at toxic concentrations. At non-toxic concentrations, PHY dose-dependently suppressed the invasion, migration and colony formation of CRC cells. PHY inhibited the motility of CRC cells by suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition and downregulating actin-based motility markers. In addition, PHY downregulated β-catenin and its downstream target genes cyclin-D1 and c-Myc. Moreover, PHY modulated KAI1 C-terminal-interacting tetraspanin and KAI1 expression, and downregulated the downstream transcription factors c-jun and c-fos. Finally, PHY administration showed considerable bioavailability and effectively decreased the growth of CRC xenografts in mice without causing toxicity. CONCLUSION PHY suppresses the growth and motility of CRC cells via novel mechanisms.
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhou R, Yang Y, Park SY, Seo YW, Jung SC, Kim KK, Kim K, Kim H. p300/CBP-associated factor promotes autophagic degradation of δ-catenin through acetylation and decreases prostate cancer tumorigenicity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3351. [PMID: 30833716 PMCID: PMC6399259 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40238-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
δ-Catenin shares common binding partners with β-catenin. As acetylation and deacetylation regulate β-catenin stability, we searched for histone acetyltransferases (HATs) or histone deacetylases (HDACs) affecting δ-catenin acetylation status and protein levels. We showed that p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF) directly bound to and acetylated δ-catenin, whereas several class I and class II HDACs reversed this effect. Unlike β-catenin, δ-catenin was downregulated by PCAF-mediated acetylation and upregulated by HDAC-mediated deacetylation. The HDAC inhibitor trichostatin A attenuated HDAC1-mediated δ-catenin upregulation, whereas HAT or autophagy inhibitors, but not proteasome inhibitors, abolished PCAF-mediated δ-catenin downregulation. The results suggested that PCAF-mediated δ-catenin acetylation promotes its autophagic degradation in an Atg5/LC3-dependent manner. Deletions or point mutations identified several lysine residues in different δ-catenin domains involved in PCAF-mediated δ-catenin downregulation. PCAF overexpression in prostate cancer cells markedly reduced δ-catenin levels and suppressed cell growth and motility. PCAF-mediated δ-catenin downregulation inhibited E-cadherin processing and decreased the nuclear distribution of β-catenin, resulting in the suppression of β-catenin/LEF-1-mediated downstream effectors. These data demonstrate that PCAF downregulates δ-catenin by promoting its autophagic degradation and suppresses δ-catenin-mediated oncogenic signals.
Collapse
|
19
|
Park SY, Yang Y, Zhou R, Jung SC, Bae WK, Chung IJ, Kim KK, Kim H. ErbB4/KITENIN-Mediated Signaling is Activated in Cetuximab-Resistant Colorectal Cancer Cells. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 19:1166-1171. [PMID: 30360226 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2019.15899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ErbB4/KITENIN signaling plays a role in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-independent EGF pathways mediating the invasiveness and tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer cells. However, whether alterations in ErbB4/KITENIN signaling play a role in the resistance to anti-EGFR therapy remains unclear. Here, we established cetuximab-resistant DLD1 and HT29 cells, and analyzed changes in ErbB4/KITENIN signaling. c-Jun, a final effector in ErbB4/KITENIN-mediated signaling, was upregulated, whereas KITENIN levels remained constant in both cetuximab-resistant cell lines. The phosphorylation of EGFR and ErbB4 was increased in cetuximab-resistant cells, suggesting that ErbB4/KITENIN signaling contributed to the acquisition of cetuximab resistance in the cells. Silencing of KITENIN and/or ErbB4 increased cetuximab sensitivity in cetuximab-resistant cells. This study is the first to report the activation of ErbB4/KITENIN-mediated signaling in cetuximab-resistant colorectal cancer cells and the potential clinical application of ErbB4/KITENIN-targeting therapy for overcoming anti-EGFR resistance.
Collapse
|
20
|
Lee IS, Park SH, Choi SJ, Shim Y, Ahn SJ, Kim KW, Kim KK, Jeong YM, Choe YH. Diagnostic Performance of Multidetector Computerized Tomography in the Detection of Abdominal Complications Early and Late After Liver Transplantation: A 10-Year Experience. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:3673-3680. [PMID: 30577254 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multidetector computerized tomography (MDCT) is considered to be a fast noninvasive diagnostic technique for the evaluation of postoperative complications in patients with liver transplantation (LT). However, its role has not been fully established in the diagnosis for detecting complications after liver transplantation. The aim of this work was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of MDCT for detecting abdominal complications in the early and late periods after LT. METHODS We retrospectively enrolled 75 patients who had undergone LT from March 2006 to January 2010, followed by MDCT from March 2006 to November 2017. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the timing after LT: within the first 3 months (early period) or ≥3 months after LT (late period). We evaluated vascular, biliary, and other complications on MDCT. Angiography, endoscopic retrograde cholangiography, and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography were used as reference standards. RESULTS We initially found 77 complications in 45 patients (60.0%) with the use of MDCT. After comparison with the reference standards, 83 complications were diagnosed in 49 patients (65.3%). Forty-seven complications (34 vascular, 10 biliary, 3 other complications) were diagnosed in 33 patients (44.0%) during the early period, and 36 complications (6 vascular, 20 biliary, 10 other complications) were detected in 27 patients (36.0%) in the late period. The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of MDCT for diagnosing overall complications were, respectively, 93.6%, 90.2%, and 92.0% in the early period (for vascular complications: 97.1%, 92.6%, and 94.3%,; for biliary complications: 80.0%, 100%, and 97.7%) and 77.8%, 98.1%, and 89.8% in the late period (for vascular complications: 83.3%, 100%, and 98.9%; for biliary complications: 65.0%, 98.6%, and 90.9%). CONCLUSIONS Although MDCT in the late period should be interpreted with caution in patients with suspected biliary complication, MDCT is a reliable diagnostic technique for the identification of early and late abdominal complications after LT.
Collapse
|
21
|
Yang Y, Bhosle SR, Yu YH, Park SY, Zhou R, Taş İ, Gamage CDB, Kim KK, Pereira I, Hur JS, Ha HH, Kim H. Tumidulin, a Lichen Secondary Metabolite, Decreases the Stemness Potential of Colorectal Cancer Cells. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112968. [PMID: 30441806 PMCID: PMC6278574 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lichens produce various unique chemicals that are used in the pharmaceutical industry. To screen for novel lichen secondary metabolites that inhibit the stemness potential of colorectal cancer cells, we tested acetone extracts of 11 lichen samples collected in Chile. Tumidulin, isolated from Niebla sp., reduced spheroid formation in CSC221, DLD1, and HT29 cells. In addition, mRNA expressions and protein levels of cancer stem markers aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 (ALDH1), cluster of differentiation 133 (CD133), CD44, Lgr5, and Musashi-1 were reduced after tumidulin treatment. Tumidulin decreased the transcriptional activity of the glioma-associated oncogene homolog zinc finger protein (Gli) promoter in reporter assays, and western blotting confirmed decreased Gli1, Gli2, and Smoothened (SMO) protein levels. Moreover, the tumidulin activity was not observed in the presence of Gli and SMO inhibitors. Together, these results demonstrate for the first time that tumidulin is a potent inhibitor of colorectal cancer cell stemness.
Collapse
|
22
|
Yoon S, Kook T, Min HK, Kwon DH, Cho YK, Kim M, Shin S, Joung H, Jeong SH, Lee S, Kang G, Park Y, Kim YS, Ahn Y, McMullen JR, Gergs U, Neumann J, Kim KK, Kim J, Nam KI, Kim YK, Kook H, Eom GH. PP2A negatively regulates the hypertrophic response by dephosphorylating HDAC2 S394 in the heart. Exp Mol Med 2018; 50:1-14. [PMID: 30050113 PMCID: PMC6062565 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-018-0121-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy occurs in response to increased hemodynamic demand and can progress to heart failure. Identifying the key regulators of this process is clinically important. Though it is thought that the phosphorylation of histone deacetylase (HDAC) 2 plays a crucial role in the development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy, the detailed mechanism by which this occurs remains unclear. Here, we performed immunoprecipitation and peptide pull-down assays to characterize the functional complex of HDAC2. Protein phosphatase (PP) 2 A was confirmed as a binding partner of HDAC2. PPP2CA, the catalytic subunit of PP2A, bound to HDAC2 and prevented its phosphorylation. Transient overexpression of PPP2CA specifically regulated both the phosphorylation of HDAC2 S394 and hypertrophy-associated HDAC2 activation. HDAC2 S394 phosphorylation was increased in a dose-dependent manner by PP2A inhibitors. Hypertrophic stresses, such as phenylephrine in vitro or pressure overload in vivo, caused PPP2CA to dissociate from HDAC2. Forced expression of PPP2CA negatively regulated the hypertrophic response, but PP2A inhibitors provoked hypertrophy. Adenoviral delivery of a phosphomimic HDAC2 mutant, adenovirus HDAC2 S394E, successfully blocked the anti-hypertrophic effect of adenovirus-PPP2CA, implicating HDAC2 S394 phosphorylation as a critical event for the anti-hypertrophic response. PPP2CA transgenic mice were protected against isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy and subsequent cardiac fibrosis, whereas simultaneous expression of HDAC2 S394E in the heart did induce hypertrophy. Taken together, our results suggest that PP2A is a critical regulator of HDAC2 activity and pathological cardiac hypertrophy and is a promising target for future therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
|
23
|
Park SY, Yang Y, Zhou R, Bae WK, Chung IJ, Kim KK, Kim H. Abstract LB-090: Activation of KITENIN/ErbB4-mediated signaling contributes to acquisition of cetuximab resistance in colorectal cancer cells. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-lb-090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
ErbB4/KITENIN signaling plays a role in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-independent EGF pathways mediating the invasiveness and tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer cells. However, whether alterations in ErbB4/KITENIN signaling play a role in the resistance to anti-EGFR therapy remains unclear. Here, we established cetuximab-resistant DLD1 and HT29 cells, and analyzed changes in ErbB4/KITENIN signaling. c-Jun, a final effector in ErbB4/KITENIN-mediated signaling, was upregulated, whereas KITENIN levels remained constant in both cetuximab-resistant cell lines. The phosphorylation of EGFR and ErbB4 was increased in cetuximab-resistant cells, suggesting that ErbB4/KITENIN signaling contributed to the acquisition of cetuximab resistance in the cells. Silencing of KITENIN and/or ErbB4 increased cetuximab sensitivity in cetuximab-resistant cells. This study is the first to report the activation of ErbB4/KITENIN-mediated signaling in cetuximab-resistant colorectal cancer cells and the potential clinical application of ErbB4/KITENIN-targeting therapy for overcoming anti-EGFR resistance.
Citation Format: So-Yeon Park, Yi Yang, Rui Zhou, Woo Kyun Bae, Ik Joo Chung, Kyung Keun Kim, Hangun Kim. Activation of KITENIN/ErbB4-mediated signaling contributes to acquisition of cetuximab resistance in colorectal cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-090.
Collapse
|
24
|
Yang Y, Zhou R, Park SY, Kim KK, Kim H. Abstract 4198: 2-Hydroxymelatonin shows antitumor activity against human colorectal cancer cells. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-4198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
2-Hydroxymelatonin is a predominant hydroxylated melatonin metabolite in plants. To investigate whether it has potent cytotoxic effects on colorectal cancer cells, four colorectal cancer cell lines, Caco2, HCT116, DLD1, and CT26, were treated with 2-hydroxymelatonin and melatonin. 2-Hydroxymelatonin had a much lower IC50 value than melatonin in the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The cytotoxic effect of 2-hydroxymelatonin was much stronger than that of melatonin at high concentrations (1000 or 2000 μM) in HCT116, DLD1, and CT26 cells, but only at intermediate concentrations (250 or 500 μM) in Caco2 cells. The cytotoxicity of 2-hydroxymelatonin was induced through activation of the apoptotic signaling pathway, as confirmed by Hoechst staining and Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide double labeling of cells treated with a lethal dose (1 mM). However, sub-lethal doses of 2-hydroxymelatonin inhibited the invasive ability of Caco2 cells. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers were significantly regulated by 2-hydroxymelatonin. Overall, the anti-cancer activity of 2-hydroxymelatonin is more potent than that of melatonin. Taken together, 2-hydroxymelatonin exhibits potent anti-cancer activity against human colorectal cancer cells via induction of apoptosis and inhibition of EMT.
Citation Format: Yi Yang, Rui Zhou, So-Yeon Park, Kyung Keun Kim, Hangun Kim. 2-Hydroxymelatonin shows antitumor activity against human colorectal cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4198.
Collapse
|
25
|
Yang Y, Bae WK, Nam SJ, Jeong MH, Zhou R, Park SY, Taş İ, Hwang YH, Park MS, Chung IJ, Kim KK, Hur JS, Kim H. Acetonic extracts of the endolichenic fungus EL002332 isolated from Endocarpon pusillum exhibits anticancer activity in human gastric cancer cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 40:106-115. [PMID: 29496163 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endolichenic fungi are microbes that inhabit the thalli of lichens and produce various unique chemicals that can be used for pharmaceutical purposes. PURPOSE This study screened a library of endolichenic fungal extracts to identify novel anticancer agents capable of suppressing the tumorigenicity of human cancer cells. METHODS Active compounds were isolated from extracts of endolichenic fungi by column chromatography and reverse-phase HPLC. The anticancer effects of the extracts on cell viability was assessed with the use of MTT assay, Western blotting, fluorescence labeling of apoptotic cell, and flow cytometric analysis; and cell motility with the use of migration, invasion and soft agar colony-formation assay in vitro; and on skin and intraperitoneal mouse xenograft tumors in vivo were investigated. The therapeutic effects of the extract alone or in combination with the conventional chemoreagent docetaxel were analyzed by sulforhodamine B assay. RESULTS Acetone extracts of EL002332, isolated from Endocarpon pusillum collected in the China desert in 2010, showed selective cytotoxicity against AGS human gastric cancer cells and CT26 mouse colon cancer cells. An active pure compound named myC was isolated from mycelium acetone extracts in a liquid culture system and showed more potent cytotoxicity than crude extracts in the AGS cell line. Especially, myC greatly increased the apoptotic cell population at the IC50 concentration and activated apoptotic signaling by regulating Bcl2 family protein expression and caspase pathway activity. EL002332 crude extracts and myC decreased AGS cell motility at sub-lethal concentrations. In vivo skin and intraperitoneal xenograft tumor experiments showed that the size of tumors and the tumor score were significantly smaller in EL002332 crude extract-treated groups than in control groups. EL002332 crude extracts showed synergistic effects with docetaxel on the AGS and TMK1 cell lines. CONCLUSION The endolichenic fungus EL002332 has potential anticancer activity in gastric cancer and peritoneal carcinomatosis.
Collapse
|