Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mediated dwarfing mutation provides a basis for CaCO3 accumulation by enhancing photosynthetic performance in Ceratostigma willmottianum Stapf

Ceratostigma willmottianum Stapf is a unique chalk gland (salt-excreting) plant from China, with a salt gland structure that excretes white crystals of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), which has potential biomineralization and carbon sequestration functions. Due to the narrow distribution of wild germplasm resources, there is a lack of diversity of new varieties to satisfy commercial development and scientific exploration. Therefore, we used ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis to obtain new dwarf mutant germplasm, and analysed it in terms of morphology, growth, photosynthesis, salt glands, and excretion traits. All four dwarfing mutant strains (DM1, DM2, DM3, and DM4) exhibited extreme dwarfing (62.28%, 62.28%, 74.55% and 61.68% reduction in plant height, respectively), faster growth, increased belowground root biomass, and earlier bud differentiation and flowering. Photosynthetic capacity was enhanced: chlorophyll content, maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm), effective quantum yield of PSII (ΦPSII), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), electron transfer rate (ETR), net photosynthesis (Pn), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), stomatal conductance (Gs), and transpiration (Tr), were significantly higher in leaves of DM mutants. The density of salt glands per unit leaf area and average Ca2+ excretion rate of individual salt glands increased significantly (especially in DM2), and CaCO3 accumulation per unit leaf area was 28.57% higher than that of the wild type. Pearson correlation analysis showed that photosynthetic capacity was significantly and positively correlated with CaCO3 excretion. The above study not only provided enriched new germplasm of C. willmottianum, but also important research material for studying the mechanism of CaCO3 excretion by salt glands and carbon sequestration capacity of biomineralization.

Effect of Month of Birth on Mean Birth Length in Austrian Newborns Born Between 1984 and 2021

OBJECTIVE

The length of newborns shows seasonal fluctuations, but the patterns of these fluctuations vary greatly. This study analyses the fluctuation in birth length by birth month and temporal changes in Austrian newborns from the 1984 to 2021 birth cohorts.

METHODS

A total of 2 317 927 singleton-term births between 1984 and 2021 in Austria were included in this retrospective population-based cohort study. A strict inclusion criterion was the Austrian citizenship of the mother. The effect of month of birth (MOB) on birth length was estimated using a multivariable linear model adjusting for maternal educational level, newborn sex, gestational age, year of birth (YOB) of the newborn, and parity of the mother.

RESULTS

Newborn length varied by MOB, but there was also a temporal trend. In the birth cohorts up to 2004, the longest newborns were born in February, while from 2008 onward, the longest birth lengths were observed in the summer months.

CONCLUSION

In this Austrian population-based sample, birth length shows nonrandom fluctuations by birth month. These patterns, however, varied considerably over time.

[Research progress of antiviral treatment for patients with chronic hepatitis B combined with metabolic fatty liver disease]

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) mainly causes cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Metabolic fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease worldwide with the continuous changes in lifestyle and dietary patterns and the increase in the number of obese individuals. Consequently, the incidence rate of CHB combined with MAFLD is rapidly increasing. However, the pathogenesis, treatment, and clinical prognosis remain unclear due to the interaction between CHB and MAFLD. Notably, in the academic community, there are still controversies as to whether patients with CHB and MAFLD should immediately start antiviral treatment, whether MAFLD affects the antiviral efficacy in CHB patients, and whether nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) affect the body's metabolism. This article reviews the epidemiology, clinical prognosis, treatment management strategies (especially the antiviral efficacy of NAs drugs), and NAs drug effects on the body's metabolism in patients with CHB combined with MAFLD so as to provide diagnostic and therapeutic concept for clinicians.

Measurement of Electron Antineutrino Oscillation Amplitude and Frequency via Neutron Capture on Hydrogen at Daya Bay

This Letter reports the first measurement of the oscillation amplitude and frequency of reactor antineutrinos at Daya Bay via neutron capture on hydrogen using 1958 days of data. With over 3.6 million signal candidates, an optimized candidate selection, improved treatment of backgrounds and efficiencies, refined energy calibration, and an energy response model for the capture-on-hydrogen sensitive region, the relative ν[over ¯]_{e} rates and energy spectra variation among the near and far detectors gives sin^{2}2θ_{13}=0.0759_{-0.0049}^{+0.0050} and Δm_{32}^{2}=(2.72_{-0.15}^{+0.14})×10^{-3}  eV^{2} assuming the normal neutrino mass ordering, and Δm_{32}^{2}=(-2.83_{-0.14}^{+0.15})×10^{-3}  eV^{2} for the inverted neutrino mass ordering. This estimate of sin^{2}2θ_{13} is consistent with and essentially independent from the one obtained using the capture-on-gadolinium sample at Daya Bay. The combination of these two results yields sin^{2}2θ_{13}=0.0833±0.0022, which represents an 8% relative improvement in precision regarding the Daya Bay full 3158-day capture-on-gadolinium result.

Clinical and in vitro application of robotic computer-assisted implant surgery: a scoping review

In recent years, the emergence and application of robotic computer-assisted implant surgery (r-CAIS) has resulted in a revolutionary shift in conventional implant diagnosis and treatment. This scoping review was performed to verify the null hypothesis that r-CAIS has a relatively high accuracy of within 1 mm, with relatively few complications and a short operative time. This review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). From the 3355 publications identified in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases, 28 were finally included after a comprehensive review and analysis. The null hypothesis is partly accepted, as r-CAIS has a relatively high accuracy (coronal and apical deviation within 1 mm), and no significant adverse events or complications have been reported to date, although additional confirmatory studies are needed. However, there is insufficient evidence for a shorter surgical time, and further clinical research on this topic is required.

Association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic abnormalities in children with different weight statuses

OBJECTIVES

Both obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) increase the risk of metabolic abnormalities. However, the metabolic status of children suffering from NAFLD and exhibiting various subtypes of obesity is currently unclear. We aimed to explore the association between NAFLD and metabolic abnormalities in children with different weight statuses.

METHODS

We included 6086 participants aged 6-18 years from the China Child and Adolescent NAFLD Study (CCANS), all of whom had undergone ultrasonography or magnetic resonance imaging-proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF) to identify NAFLD and metabolic abnormalities, including hyperglycemia, high triglycerides (TG), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high total cholesterol, and hyperuricemia.

RESULTS

Among the participants, there were 2408 children with obesity and NAFLD, 174 with NAFLD, 2396 with obesity, and 1108 without obesity and NAFLD. The odds ratios (ORs) of suffering from individual metabolic abnormalities were significantly greater in children with obesity and NAFLD than in children without obesity and NAFLD, with ORs ranging from 6.23 (95% CI: 4.56, 8.53) to 1.77 (95% CI: 1.06, 2.94). The ORs of metabolic abnormalities, except for low HDL-C, were greater in children with NAFLD alone than in children without obesity or NAFLD, with ORs ranging from 4.36 (95% CI: 2.77, 6.84) to 2.08 (95% CI: 1.14, 3.78). Notably, obesity and NAFLD had a multiplicative effect on overall metabolic abnormalities, high TG levels, and low HDL-C levels.

CONCLUSIONS

Children with obesity and NAFLD could be at a significantly increased risk of metabolic abnormalities. Even for children without obesity, NAFLD appears to be associated with an increased risk of experiencing a worsened metabolic status.

Establishment of a rabbit model of different degrees of testicular torsion

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES

Different degrees of testicular torsion result in varying degrees of testicular damage, which influences treatment options and outcomes. Therefore, establishing a testicular torsion model with different degrees is necessary for clinical diagnosis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Rabbits were randomly divided into four groups and their spermatic cords were twisted at 0 °, 180 °, 360 °, and 720 °, respectively. Color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) were performed to evaluate the blood supply in testicles. The twisted testicles were surgically removed at six hours post-operation and were evaluated by morphological observation and Hematoxylin and Eosin staining.

RESULTS

CDFI signals were gradually decreased as the degree of testicular torsion increased, and scores of CDFI in the 360 ° and 720 ° groups were significantly decreased at postoperative six hours compared to pre-surgery. Compared to the sham, the testicle in the 180 ° group exhibited slight congestion, whereas the testicles in the 360 ° and 720 ° groups were dark red in color and had severe congestion and unrecognizable vessels. Hematoxylin and Eosin staining showed mild spermatogenic cell reduction and testicular interstitial hemorrhage in the 180 ° group. In the 360 ° and 720 ° groups, disordered seminiferous tubules, shed spermatogenic cells in tubules, inflammatory cell infiltration, and severe hemorrhage were found. In comparison with the sham, interstitial hemorrhage scores in the 360 ° and 720 ° groups were significantly higher, and scores of germinal epithelial cell thickness in the three testicular torsion groups were significantly decreased.

CONCLUSIONS

Collectively, we successfully constructed a testicular torsion model with different degrees in rabbits.

[Transabdominal-transvaginal ultrasound cervical length sequential screening to predict the risk of spontaneous preterm birth in singleton pregnancy women with low risk of preterm birth]

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of predicting the risk of spontaneous preterm birth in singleton pregnancy women with low risk of preterm birth by transabdominal-transvaginal ultrasound cervical length sequential screening in the second trimester. Methods: This prospective longitudinal cohort study included singleton pregnant women at 11-13+6 gestational weeks who were admitted to Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from January 2023 to September 2023. Transabdominal and transvaginal cervical lengths were measured during the mid-trimester fetal ultrasound scan at 18-24 weeks, and pregnancy outcomes were obtained after delivery. A short cervix was defined as a transvaginal cervical length of ≤25 mm, and the outcomes were defined as spontaneous preterm birth occurs between 20 and 36+6 weeks and extremely preterm birth before 32 weeks. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the effectiveness of predicting spontaneous preterm birth by transabdominal and transvaginal cervix length, as well as the effectiveness of predicting short cervix by transabdominal cervical length. The relationship between transabdominal and transvaginal cervical length was evaluated using a scatter plot. Results: A total of 562 cases were included in this study, comprising 33 cases of spontaneous preterm birth (7 cases occurring before 32 weeks) and 529 cases of term birth. (1) Compared to the term birth group, transabdominal cervical length (median: 37.6 vs 33.2 mm; Z=-3.838, P<0.001) and transvaginal cervical length (median: 34.0 vs 29.9 mm, Z=-3.030, P=0.002) in the spontaneous preterm birth group were significantly shorter. (2) The areas under the ROC curve for predicting spontaneous preterm birth by transabdominal and transvaginal cervical length were 0.699 (95%CI: 0.588-0.809) and 0.657 (95%CI: 0.540-0.774), respectively. The sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of transvaginal cervical length Conclusions: In singleton pregnancy women with low risk of preterm birth, transabdominal-transvaginal cervical length sequential screening can reduce unnecessary transvaginal ultrasounds by approximately 41% without missing the diagnosis of pregnant women with a short cervix. This method also enhances the effectiveness of transvaginal cervical length to spontaneous preterm birth.

[Study on the impact of aging on the brain activity patterns in auditory speech comprehension dual-route regions]

Objective: To elucidate the patterns of neural activity alterations associated with auditory speech comprehension across the lifespan and the impact of varying listening environments on these dynamics. Methods: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was employed to measure the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin in the brains of 93 adults aged from 20 to 70 with normal hearing. These participants were recruited from Beijing Tongren Hospital, affiliated with Capital Medical University, between March 2021 and February 2023. Brain activity was recorded as subjects passively listened to sentences in both silent and noise conditions with varying signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). The alterations in brain activity were analyzed to delineate the age-related trends under different auditory conditions. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 software. Results: The bilateral primary auditory cortex, superior temporal gyrus, and Wernicke's area, critical for sound signal discrimination and perception, exhibited enhanced activity post-stimulus presentation. Broca's area, pivotal for speech production, demonstrated an initial decrease in activity followed by an increment after stimulus onset. The ventral middle temporal gyrus and dorsal postcentral gyrus showed augmented activity in later time windows. Furthermore, it was observed that in quiet conditions and at low noise levels (SNR=10 dB), auditory cortical activity diminished with age. With increasing noise levels (SNR=5 dB), compensatory brain regions (right ventral middle temporal gyrus and dorsal postcentral gyrus) showed enhanced activity with advancing age. As noise intensity further escalated (SNR=0, SNR=-5 dB), not only did auditory cortical activity decline, but also the activity in regions associated with semantic processing and motor functions reduced with age. Conclusion: During auditory speech comprehension, dual-pathway brain regions exhibit distinct activity patterns. With heightened noise exposure, an increasing number of brain regions are influenced by aging, manifesting as a general decline in activity in most dual-pathway regions, alongside a selective augmentation in some compensatory regions on the right hemisphere.

[Update on Tolvaptan for the Treatment of Refractory Ascites in Liver Cirrhosis]

Ascites is the most prevalent complication of decompensated cirrhosis, and approximately 5%-10% of cirrhotic ascites will develop into refractory ascites (RA). With complicated pathogenesis, obscure treatment strategies and poor prognosis, it is still a challenge for physicians to manage RA properly. Tolvaptan (TLV) is a new type of non-peptide selective arginine vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist targeting at suppressing renal water reabsorption, promoting free water excretion and raising blood sodium levels, which provides a new option for the treatment of RA in liver cirrhosis. In this review, we summarized the mechanisms of TLV's effect and described its efficacy, safety and predictive factors of response in treating RA, intending to provide a supplement for clinical application of tolvaptan in the management of RA.

Impacts of pharmacist-led multi-faceted antimicrobial stewardship on antibiotic use and clinical outcomes in urology department of a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou, China: an interrupted time-series study

BACKGROUND

Research on the effectiveness of pharmacist-led antimicrobial stewardship programmes (ASPs) in the urology department is limited.

AIM

To evaluate the impact of pharmacist-led multi-faceted ASPs on antibiotic use and clinical outcomes.

METHODS

A prescription review of inpatients receiving one or more antibiotics in the urology department of a large teaching hospital in Guangzhou, China, was conducted from April 2019 to March 2023. The pharmacist-led multi-faceted ASP intervention included guideline development, training, medication consultation, review of medical orders, indicator monitoring, and consultation. The primary outcome was antibiotic consumption. The data were analysed using interrupted time-series (ITS) analysis.

FINDINGS

Following the implementation of ASPs, an immediate decrease was observed in total antibiotic consumption, antibiotic use rate, second-generation cephalosporins, third-generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and WHO Watch category antibiotics. No differences were observed in mortality rate before and after the intervention, and no significant short- or long-term effects were found on length of hospital stay (LOS) using ITS. However, there was a significant short-term effect on average antibiotic cost.

CONCLUSION

The implementation of pharmacist-led multi-faceted ASPs had positive impacts on reducing antimicrobial consumption without increasing LOS, antibiotic cost, or mortality rate.

Deep-learning features based on F18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) to predict preoperative colorectal cancer lymph node metastasis

AIM

The objective of this study was to create and authenticate a prognostic model for lymph node metastasis (LNM) in colorectal cancer (CRC) that integrates clinical, radiomics, and deep transfer learning features.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

In this study, we analyzed data from 119 CRC patients who underwent F18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) scanning. The patient cohort was divided into training and validation subsets in an 8:2 ratio, with an additional 33 external data points for testing. Initially, we conducted univariate analysis to screen clinical parameters. Radiomics features were extracted from manually drawn images using pyradiomics, and deep-learning features, radiomics features, and clinical features were selected using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression and Spearman correlation coefficient. We then constructed a model by training a support vector machine (SVM), and evaluated the performance of the prediction model by comparing the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity. Finally, we developed nomograms combining clinical and radiological features for interpretation and analysis.

RESULTS

The deep learning radiomics (DLR) nomogram model, which was developed by integrating deep learning, radiomics, and clinical features, exhibited excellent performance. The area under the curve was (AUC = 0.934, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.884-0.983) in the training cohort, (AUC = 0.902, 95% CI: 0.769-1.000) in the validation cohort, and (AUC = 0.836, 95% CI: 0.673-0.998) in the test cohort.

CONCLUSION

We developed a preoperative predictive machine-learning model using deep transfer learning, radiomics, and clinical features to differentiate LNM status in CRC, aiding in treatment decision-making for patients.

Long-term night shift work, genetic predisposition and risk of incident asthma: a prospective cohort study

BACKGROUND

Evidence about a potential link between current and lifetime night shift work and risk of incident asthma is insufficient.

AIM

To investigate the association of current and lifetime night shift work with risk of incident asthma, and the modified effect of genetic susceptibility on this association.

DESIGN AND METHODS

We included 253 773 individuals with complete night shift work information in the UK biobank. We calculated the standard polygenetic risk score (PRS) for asthma. The Cox proportional hazard models were conducted to estimate hazard ratios and 95% CIs.

RESULTS

After multivariable adjustments, we found that current night shift work was associated with an increased risk of incident asthma in a dose-response fashion (P for trend < 0.001). Compared with day workers, those working usual/permanent night shifts had a 17% (95% CI: 1.04-1.33) higher risk of asthma incidence. In addition, we observed significant dose-dependent relationships of longer lifetime duration or frequency of night shift work with elevated risk of asthma incidence (all P for trend < 0.05). Compared with never night shift workers, those with a duration (≥5 years) or frequency (≥8 nights/month) of night shift work exhibited a 20% (95% CI: 1.03-1.39) or 22% (95% CI: 1.03-1.44) higher risk of incident asthma, respectively. Moreover, the elevated risk of incident asthma related to current and lifetime night shift work exposure was strengthened by high PRS, although no significant shift work-PRS interactions were detected.

CONCLUSION

Both current and lifetime night shift work may increase the risk of incident asthma, regardless of genetic predisposition to asthma.

[TFE3-rearranged perivascular epithelioid cell tumors: a clinicopathological analysis of eight cases]

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular genetic characteristics of TFE3-rearranged perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa). Methods: Eight cases of PEComa with TFE3 rearrangement diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University from January 2014 to July 2022 were collected. Three were consultation cases and 5 were collected from our hospital; 7 cases were resection specimens and 1 case was a needle biopsy specimen. Routine histolopathological analysis, immunohistochemical staining, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and the next-generation sequencing were performed. Clinical data were collected and the prognosis was assessed. Results: The 8 patients consisted of 5 females and 3 males with a median age of 45 years (ranged from 25 to 65 years). The tumor location included 1 uterus, 1 liver, 1 urachus, 2 kidneys, 1 abdominal cavity, 1 colon, and 1 retroperitoneum (3 subsequent recurrences in the abdominal cavity, pelvis and ovary, and abdominal cavity, respectively). Morphologically, the tumor cells were uniform and epithelioid with translucent or eosinophilic cytoplasm. They were arranged in nests or sheets, most of which were separated by thin-walled blood vessels. There were no papillary structures, and no overt smooth muscle or fat components. Atypical features were seen in 3 cases, with bizarre nuclei and tumor giant cells. Large areas of necrosis were visible, and mitosis was common (up to 28/50 HPF). Melanin deposition was present in 3 cases. Immunohistochemical staining showed diffuse and strong positivity for TFE3 in 8/8 cases and for HMB45 in 6/8 cases; focal positivity for Cathepsin K and Melan-A in 6/8 cases and for SMA in 2/8 of cases. All cases were negative for CKpan, PAX8 and Desmin. TFE3 gene break-apart was detected by FISH in all 8 cases, 4 of which underwent next-generation sequencing, and it revealed that 2 cases presented with SFPQ::TFE3 fusion, 1 case with ASPSCR1::TFE3 fusion, and 1 case with no chimeric fusion. Seven cases were followed up for 4-94 months. All cases were alive; 4 cases were disease-free, 2 cases showed recurrence, and 1 case had metastasis at initial diagnosis. Conclusions: TFE3-rearranged PEComa has unique histomorphological, immunohistochemical and molecular characteristics. The biological behavior is aggressive, which could lead to recurrence and metastasis, and warrants close clinical follow-up.

The XENONnT dark matter experiment

The multi-staged XENON program at INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso aims to detect dark matter with two-phase liquid xenon time projection chambers of increasing size and sensitivity. The XENONnT experiment is the latest detector in the program, planned to be an upgrade of its predecessor XENON1T. It features an active target of 5.9 tonnes of cryogenic liquid xenon (8.5 tonnes total mass in cryostat). The experiment is expected to extend the sensitivity to WIMP dark matter by more than an order of magnitude compared to XENON1T, thanks to the larger active mass and the significantly reduced background, improved by novel systems such as a radon removal plant and a neutron veto. This article describes the XENONnT experiment and its sub-systems in detail and reports on the detector performance during the first science run.

[Efficacy analysis of letrozole combined with gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonists in patients with high risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome undergoing total embryo freezing]

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of letrozole combined with gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonists (GnRH-ant) in patients at high risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) who underwent total embryo freezing after oocyte retrieval. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 348 female patients who underwent in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) at the Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between January and July 2023. Due to their high risk of OHSS, these patients canceled fresh embryo transfer and opted for total embryo freezing. Based on patients' preferences, those who received GnRH-ant and letrozole after oocyte retrieval were categorized as the intervention group (164 cases), while those who did not receive these medications were categorized as the control group (184 cases). The first luteal phase after oocyte retrieval, OHSS grading, ovarian volume, and estradiol (E2) levels were evaluated in both groups. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze factors related to moderate-to-severe OHSS among patients at high risk of OHSS who underwent total embryo freezing after oocyte retrieval. Results: The age of the intervention and control groups was (29.3±3.8) and (29.4±4.1) years, respectively (P=0.821). The duration of the first luteal phase post-oocyte retrieval was shorter in the intervention group [(7.16±1.39) days] compared to that in the control group [(13.88±2.11) days] (P<0.001). The incidences of mild, moderate, and severe OHSS in the intervention group were 75.0% (123 cases), 23.8% (39 cases), and 1.2% (2 cases), respectively, whereas in the control group they were 12.5% (23 cases), 60.9% (112 cases), and 26.6% (49 cases) (P<0.001). E2 levels on the 2nd and 6th days after oocyte retrieval [M(Q1,Q3)] in the intervention group were 1 520.0 (1 213.8, 1 884.8) and 108.5 (45.6, 218.0) ng/L, respectively, which were statistically significantly lower than those in the control group [1 666.0 (508.8, 1 702.0) ng/L] and [1 761.0 (826.0, 2 546.5) ng/L] (P<0.001). The abdominal cavity effusion in the intervention group [M(Q1,Q3)] were 19.5 (0, 30) and 0 mm, statistically significantly less than those in the control group [46.0 (0, 61.0) mm] and [54.5 (0, 69.5) mm] (P<0.001). On the 6th day after oocyte retrieval, the bilateral ovarian volumes in the intervention group were smaller than those in the control group (P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that no combined treatment with letrozole and GnRH-ant was a risk factor of moderate to severe OHSS. The risk of developing moderate to severe OHSS in the control group was 35.312 times higher than that in the intervention group (OR=35.312, 95%CI: 17.488-71.300). Conclusions: The administration of letrozole combined with GnRH-ant post-oocyte retrieval in patients at high risk of OHSS can prevent the occurrence of moderate-to-severe OHSS, shorten the first luteal phase, accelerate the reduction of serum E2 levels, and promote the recovery of ovarian volume and absorption of abdominal fluid.

Search for a Sub-eV Sterile Neutrino Using Daya Bay's Full Dataset

This Letter presents results of a search for the mixing of a sub-eV sterile neutrino with three active neutrinos based on the full data sample of the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment, collected during 3158 days of detector operation, which contains 5.55×10^{6} reactor ν[over ¯]_{e} candidates identified as inverse beta-decay interactions followed by neutron capture on gadolinium. The analysis benefits from a doubling of the statistics of our previous result and from improvements of several important systematic uncertainties. No significant oscillation due to mixing of a sub-eV sterile neutrino with active neutrinos was found. Exclusion limits are set by both Feldman-Cousins and CLs methods. Light sterile neutrino mixing with sin^{2}2θ_{14}≳0.01 can be excluded at 95% confidence level in the region of 0.01  eV^{2}≲|Δm_{41}^{2}|≲0.1  eV^{2}. This result represents the world-leading constraints in the region of 2×10^{-4}  eV^{2}≲|Δm_{41}^{2}|≲0.2  eV^{2}.