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Ogawa T, Arakawa M, Suzuki T, Yasuno N, Tanaka M, Hidaka S. Relationship between office blood pressure and actual antihypertensive drug use in patients with hypertension following the promulgation of the guidelines for hypertension (JSH2019). DIE PHARMAZIE 2023; 78:212-215. [PMID: 38037214 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2023.3587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
To achieve appropriate blood pressure control in the treatment of hypertension in Japan, this study examined the relationship between office blood pressure and actual antihypertensive drug use in general hospitals following the promulgation of the guidelines for hypertension (JSH2019). This study focused on blood pressure levels and drug use in outpatients on antihypertensive treatment from June to July 2020. The subjects were 2,537 patients classified into four groups based on their medical history, patients with: hypertension only; hypertension and cardiovascular disease; hypertension and dyslipidaemia; and hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The results showed a significant difference in systolic blood pressure (SBP) between patients with hypertension only and those with hypertension and cardiovascular disease (138.3±17.9 mmHg vs 135.6±19.9 mmHg, p<0.05). Regarding actual drug use, it was found that diuretics were prescribed more frequently in patients with hypertension and cardiovascular disease than in those with hypertension alone (15.5% vs 37.9%, p<0.05), even though the number of drugs for hypertension did not differ significantly. In addition, the dose of diuretics was greater only in patients with cardiovascular disease. These results show the actual drug use and blood pressure for each comorbidity. Furthermore, they suggest that the results of antihypertensive treatment may differ by changing the combination and dosage of antihypertensive drugs without changing the number of antihypertensive drugs used. The study also shows the problem of using less diuretics depending on the risk the patient has, and solving the problem may lead to achieving further antihypertensive goals.
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Minamikawa K, Nishizato T, Hashimoto H, Matsumoto K, Arakawa M, Horio T, Terasaki A. Probing Superatomic Orbitals of Sc-Doped and Undoped Silver Cluster Anions via Photoelectron Angular Anisotropy. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:4011-4018. [PMID: 37083457 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Valence s electrons in alkali- or coinage-metal clusters are conceived to delocalize over the metal frameworks. The electrons occupy so-called superatomic orbitals (SAOs, i.e., 1S, 1P, 1D, 2S, 1F, ...), which provide an essential picture for understanding the size-dependent, unique properties of these metal clusters. While such electronic shells are unambiguously identified in their photoelectron spectra and supported by electronic structure calculations, characterization of SAOs in heteroatom-doped metal clusters has remained elusive as the doping significantly affects its energy levels and even alters the ordering of SAOs. Here, we present a photoelectron imaging study to explore SAOs formed in Sc-doped and undoped silver cluster anions, AgNSc- (N = 15, 16) and AgN- (N = 18, 19). Photoelectron angular distributions from their outermost SAOs are clearly visualized, whose characters are analyzed with the aid of density functional theory calculations. The present methodology enables us to explore not only the quantized energy levels but also the spatial distributions of SAOs formed in various metal cluster anions.
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Nakamura T, Matsumoto M, Amano K, Enokido Y, Zolensky ME, Mikouchi T, Genda H, Tanaka S, Zolotov MY, Kurosawa K, Wakita S, Hyodo R, Nagano H, Nakashima D, Takahashi Y, Fujioka Y, Kikuiri M, Kagawa E, Matsuoka M, Brearley AJ, Tsuchiyama A, Uesugi M, Matsuno J, Kimura Y, Sato M, Milliken RE, Tatsumi E, Sugita S, Hiroi T, Kitazato K, Brownlee D, Joswiak DJ, Takahashi M, Ninomiya K, Takahashi T, Osawa T, Terada K, Brenker FE, Tkalcec BJ, Vincze L, Brunetto R, Aléon-Toppani A, Chan QHS, Roskosz M, Viennet JC, Beck P, Alp EE, Michikami T, Nagaashi Y, Tsuji T, Ino Y, Martinez J, Han J, Dolocan A, Bodnar RJ, Tanaka M, Yoshida H, Sugiyama K, King AJ, Fukushi K, Suga H, Yamashita S, Kawai T, Inoue K, Nakato A, Noguchi T, Vilas F, Hendrix AR, Jaramillo-Correa C, Domingue DL, Dominguez G, Gainsforth Z, Engrand C, Duprat J, Russell SS, Bonato E, Ma C, Kawamoto T, Wada T, Watanabe S, Endo R, Enju S, Riu L, Rubino S, Tack P, Takeshita S, Takeichi Y, Takeuchi A, Takigawa A, Takir D, Tanigaki T, Taniguchi A, Tsukamoto K, Yagi T, Yamada S, Yamamoto K, Yamashita Y, Yasutake M, Uesugi K, Umegaki I, Chiu I, Ishizaki T, Okumura S, Palomba E, Pilorget C, Potin SM, Alasli A, Anada S, Araki Y, Sakatani N, Schultz C, Sekizawa O, Sitzman SD, Sugiura K, Sun M, Dartois E, De Pauw E, Dionnet Z, Djouadi Z, Falkenberg G, Fujita R, Fukuma T, Gearba IR, Hagiya K, Hu MY, Kato T, Kawamura T, Kimura M, Kubo MK, Langenhorst F, Lantz C, Lavina B, Lindner M, Zhao J, Vekemans B, Baklouti D, Bazi B, Borondics F, Nagasawa S, Nishiyama G, Nitta K, Mathurin J, Matsumoto T, Mitsukawa I, Miura H, Miyake A, Miyake Y, Yurimoto H, Okazaki R, Yabuta H, Naraoka H, Sakamoto K, Tachibana S, Connolly HC, Lauretta DS, Yoshitake M, Yoshikawa M, Yoshikawa K, Yoshihara K, Yokota Y, Yogata K, Yano H, Yamamoto Y, Yamamoto D, Yamada M, Yamada T, Yada T, Wada K, Usui T, Tsukizaki R, Terui F, Takeuchi H, Takei Y, Iwamae A, Soejima H, Shirai K, Shimaki Y, Senshu H, Sawada H, Saiki T, Ozaki M, Ono G, Okada T, Ogawa N, Ogawa K, Noguchi R, Noda H, Nishimura M, Namiki N, Nakazawa S, Morota T, Miyazaki A, Miura A, Mimasu Y, Matsumoto K, Kumagai K, Kouyama T, Kikuchi S, Kawahara K, Kameda S, Iwata T, Ishihara Y, Ishiguro M, Ikeda H, Hosoda S, Honda R, Honda C, Hitomi Y, Hirata N, Hirata N, Hayashi T, Hayakawa M, Hatakeda K, Furuya S, Fukai R, Fujii A, Cho Y, Arakawa M, Abe M, Watanabe S, Tsuda Y. Formation and evolution of carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu: Direct evidence from returned samples. Science 2023; 379:eabn8671. [PMID: 36137011 DOI: 10.1126/science.abn8671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Samples of the carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu were brought to Earth by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. We analyzed 17 Ryugu samples measuring 1 to 8 millimeters. Carbon dioxide-bearing water inclusions are present within a pyrrhotite crystal, indicating that Ryugu's parent asteroid formed in the outer Solar System. The samples contain low abundances of materials that formed at high temperatures, such as chondrules and calcium- and aluminum-rich inclusions. The samples are rich in phyllosilicates and carbonates, which formed through aqueous alteration reactions at low temperature, high pH, and water/rock ratios of <1 (by mass). Less altered fragments contain olivine, pyroxene, amorphous silicates, calcite, and phosphide. Numerical simulations, based on the mineralogical and physical properties of the samples, indicate that Ryugu's parent body formed ~2 million years after the beginning of Solar System formation.
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Abdul Karim A, Tanaka K, Nagata C, Arakawa M, Miyake Y. Association between parental occupations, educational levels, and household income and children's psychological adjustment in Japan. Public Health 2022; 213:71-77. [PMID: 36395682 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2022.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Most research on the association between parental or family socio-economic status and psychological adjustment in children has been performed mainly in Western countries, while there is limited evidence of such research in Asian countries. We examined the association of parental occupation and educational levels and household income with children's psychological adjustment in Japan. STUDY DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study. METHODS Study subjects were 6329 children aged 3 years. Children's psychological adjustment was assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. RESULTS Compared with having an unemployed father, having a father who worked in an administrative and managerial or clerical job was associated with a lower prevalence of peer problems. Compared with having an unemployed mother, having a mother who worked in the professional and engineering, sales, service, or manufacturing process area was associated with a lower prevalence of low prosocial behaviors, whereas having a mother who worked in the clerical, service, or manufacturing process area was associated with an increased prevalence of emotional problems. Having a mother who worked in a clerical area was associated with a higher prevalence of conduct problems. Higher paternal and maternal educational levels were inversely associated with the prevalence of conduct problems and hyperactivity but were positively associated with low prosocial behaviors. A higher household income was inversely associated with the prevalence of emotional problems, conduct problems, and hyperactivity. CONCLUSION Parental occupation, educational levels, and household income may affect children's psychological adjustment in Japan.
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Kohama Y, Kosugi M, Arakawa M, Hidaka S. Evaluating the impact of de-escalating antimicrobial therapy in burn patients: a retrospective cohort study. DIE PHARMAZIE 2022; 77:311-315. [PMID: 36273255 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2022.2455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobials should be used appropriately to minimise the risk of resistant strains arising in association with overuse. De-escalation of antimicrobial therapy is one strategy used to ensure appropriate use, but its safety and efficacy in burn patients are unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of de-escalation therapy for treating infections in burn patients. This retrospective cohort study investigated patients admitted to our intensive care unit with burns and treated for infection between October 1, 2013, and September 30, 2020. Patients were classified into a de-escalation group (Group D) comprising patients treated with empiric antimicrobial therapy followed by de-escalation and a non-de-escalation group (Group ND) comprising patients who did not undergo de-escalation. Characteristics and outcomes were compared between groups. Forty-three patients met the inclusion criteria, including 15 patients in Group D and 28 patients in Group ND. Bacterial species commonly detected in these patients were Corynebacterium spp. (17.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16.1%), and Staphylococcus aureus (9.6%) . No inter-group difference was seen in 28-day mortality (6.7% vs 21.4%, p =0.391). Multidrug-resistant strains were detected significantly less frequently in Group D (13.0%) than in Group ND (26.1%, p =0.003). De-escalation was associated with use of two or more antimicrobials as empiric antimicrobial therapy. As the use of de-escalation in infection treatment did not impact 28-day mortality, de-escalation might be safe for treating infections in burn patients.
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Yoshikawa T, Arakawa M. Effects of C-factor on dentin bonding using various adhesive systems. Niger J Clin Pract 2022; 25:255-260. [PMID: 35295045 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_1364_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Aims and Background This study evaluated the effect of C-factor on the bond strength of a resin composite to floor and wall dentin using various adhesive systems. Materials and Methods Four dentin substrates (flat wall, flat floor, cavity wall, or cavity floor) were prepared on human molars. Each specimen was restored with one of three adhesives; Clearfil SE Bond, Single Bond, or Clearfil tri-S Bond followed by buildup or filling using Z100 resin composite. The specimen was cut perpendicular to the bonded surface parallel to the floor or wall to obtain beams after light curing at 24,000 mJ/cm2. The microtensile bond strength to wall specimens or the cavity floor was determined. Data were analyzed. Results All adhesive systems exhibited the highest bond strength to flat wall group (p < 0.05). The bond strength to the cavity group was significantly lower than that to the respective flat group regardless of the bonding system (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in bond strength with Clearfil SE Bond and Clearfil tri-S Bond between the cavity wall and cavity floor (p > 0.05). Conclusion The findings suggested that the strength of bonding to the cavity floor and cavity wall was affected by C-factor regardless of the adhesive system. Bonding to flat wall was higher than flat floor regardless of the adhesive system. Self-etching system provided uniform bond to the cavity wall and cavity floor dentin. However, total etching system reduced bond to the cavity floor than to the cavity wall.
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Tachibana S, Sawada H, Okazaki R, Takano Y, Sakamoto K, Miura YN, Okamoto C, Yano H, Yamanouchi S, Michel P, Zhang Y, Schwartz S, Thuillet F, Yurimoto H, Nakamura T, Noguchi T, Yabuta H, Naraoka H, Tsuchiyama A, Imae N, Kurosawa K, Nakamura AM, Ogawa K, Sugita S, Morota T, Honda R, Kameda S, Tatsumi E, Cho Y, Yoshioka K, Yokota Y, Hayakawa M, Matsuoka M, Sakatani N, Yamada M, Kouyama T, Suzuki H, Honda C, Yoshimitsu T, Kubota T, Demura H, Yada T, Nishimura M, Yogata K, Nakato A, Yoshitake M, Suzuki AI, Furuya S, Hatakeda K, Miyazaki A, Kumagai K, Okada T, Abe M, Usui T, Ireland TR, Fujimoto M, Yamada T, Arakawa M, Connolly HC, Fujii A, Hasegawa S, Hirata N, Hirata N, Hirose C, Hosoda S, Iijima Y, Ikeda H, Ishiguro M, Ishihara Y, Iwata T, Kikuchi S, Kitazato K, Lauretta DS, Libourel G, Marty B, Matsumoto K, Michikami T, Mimasu Y, Miura A, Mori O, Nakamura-Messenger K, Namiki N, Nguyen AN, Nittler LR, Noda H, Noguchi R, Ogawa N, Ono G, Ozaki M, Senshu H, Shimada T, Shimaki Y, Shirai K, Soldini S, Takahashi T, Takei Y, Takeuchi H, Tsukizaki R, Wada K, Yamamoto Y, Yoshikawa K, Yumoto K, Zolensky ME, Nakazawa S, Terui F, Tanaka S, Saiki T, Yoshikawa M, Watanabe S, Tsuda Y. Pebbles and sand on asteroid (162173) Ryugu: In situ observation and particles returned to Earth. Science 2022; 375:1011-1016. [PMID: 35143255 DOI: 10.1126/science.abj8624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The Hayabusa2 spacecraft investigated the C-type (carbonaceous) asteroid (162173) Ryugu. The mission performed two landing operations to collect samples of surface and subsurface material, the latter exposed by an artificial impact. We present images of the second touchdown site, finding that ejecta from the impact crater was present at the sample location. Surface pebbles at both landing sites show morphological variations ranging from rugged to smooth, similar to Ryugu's boulders, and shapes from quasi-spherical to flattened. The samples were returned to Earth on 6 December 2020. We describe the morphology of >5 grams of returned pebbles and sand. Their diverse color, shape, and structure are consistent with the observed materials of Ryugu; we conclude that they are a representative sample of the asteroid.
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Morota T, Sugita S, Cho Y, Kanamaru M, Tatsumi E, Sakatani N, Honda R, Hirata N, Kikuchi H, Yamada M, Yokota Y, Kameda S, Matsuoka M, Sawada H, Honda C, Kouyama T, Ogawa K, Suzuki H, Yoshioka K, Hayakawa M, Hirata N, Hirabayashi M, Miyamoto H, Michikami T, Hiroi T, Hemmi R, Barnouin OS, Ernst CM, Kitazato K, Nakamura T, Riu L, Senshu H, Kobayashi H, Sasaki S, Komatsu G, Tanabe N, Fujii Y, Irie T, Suemitsu M, Takaki N, Sugimoto C, Yumoto K, Ishida M, Kato H, Moroi K, Domingue D, Michel P, Pilorget C, Iwata T, Abe M, Ohtake M, Nakauchi Y, Tsumura K, Yabuta H, Ishihara Y, Noguchi R, Matsumoto K, Miura A, Namiki N, Tachibana S, Arakawa M, Ikeda H, Wada K, Mizuno T, Hirose C, Hosoda S, Mori O, Shimada T, Soldini S, Tsukizaki R, Yano H, Ozaki M, Takeuchi H, Yamamoto Y, Okada T, Shimaki Y, Shirai K, Iijima Y, Noda H, Kikuchi S, Yamaguchi T, Ogawa N, Ono G, Mimasu Y, Yoshikawa K, Takahashi T, Takei Y, Fujii A, Nakazawa S, Terui F, Tanaka S, Yoshikawa M, Saiki T, Watanabe S, Tsuda Y. Sample collection from asteroid (162173) Ryugu by Hayabusa2: Implications for surface evolution. Science 2020; 368:654-659. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aaz6306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Arakawa M, Saiki T, Wada K, Ogawa K, Kadono T, Shirai K, Sawada H, Ishibashi K, Honda R, Sakatani N, Iijima Y, Okamoto C, Yano H, Takagi Y, Hayakawa M, Michel P, Jutzi M, Shimaki Y, Kimura S, Mimasu Y, Toda T, Imamura H, Nakazawa S, Hayakawa H, Sugita S, Morota T, Kameda S, Tatsumi E, Cho Y, Yoshioka K, Yokota Y, Matsuoka M, Yamada M, Kouyama T, Honda C, Tsuda Y, Watanabe S, Yoshikawa M, Tanaka S, Terui F, Kikuchi S, Yamaguchi T, Ogawa N, Ono G, Yoshikawa K, Takahashi T, Takei Y, Fujii A, Takeuchi H, Yamamoto Y, Okada T, Hirose C, Hosoda S, Mori O, Shimada T, Soldini S, Tsukizaki R, Iwata T, Ozaki M, Abe M, Namiki N, Kitazato K, Tachibana S, Ikeda H, Hirata N, Hirata N, Noguchi R, Miura A. An artificial impact on the asteroid (162173) Ryugu formed a crater in the gravity-dominated regime. Science 2020; 368:67-71. [PMID: 32193363 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaz1701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The Hayabusa2 spacecraft investigated the small asteroid Ryugu, which has a rubble-pile structure. We describe an impact experiment on Ryugu using Hayabusa2's Small Carry-on Impactor. The impact produced an artificial crater with a diameter >10 meters, which has a semicircular shape, an elevated rim, and a central pit. Images of the impact and resulting ejecta were recorded by the Deployable CAMera 3 for >8 minutes, showing the growth of an ejecta curtain (the outer edge of the ejecta) and deposition of ejecta onto the surface. The ejecta curtain was asymmetric and heterogeneous and it never fully detached from the surface. The crater formed in the gravity-dominated regime; in other words, crater growth was limited by gravity not surface strength. We discuss implications for Ryugu's surface age.
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Maruyama H, Nakamaru T, Oya M, Miyakawa Y, Sato N, Ishizuka Y, Kourakata H, Nakagawa Y, Arakawa M. Posthysteroscopy Candida Glabrata Peritonitis in a Patient on Capd. Perit Dial Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/089686089701700421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Takata N, Tanaka K, Nagata C, Arakawa M, Miyake Y. Preterm birth is associated with higher prevalence of wheeze and asthma in a selected population of Japanese children aged three years. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2019; 47:425-430. [PMID: 30573321 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present cross-sectional study investigated the associations between low birthweight (LBW), high birthweight, preterm birth (PTB), postterm birth, small for gestational age (SGA), and large for gestational age (LGA) and the prevalence of wheeze and asthma in Japanese children aged three years (age range, 33-54 months; mean age, 38.7 months). METHODS Study subjects were 6364 children. A questionnaire was used to collect all data. Wheeze and asthma were defined according to the criteria of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood. RESULTS The prevalence values of wheeze and asthma were 19.5% and 7.7%, respectively. Of the 6364 subjects, 8.8% were classified as LBW (<2500g), 90.4% as normal birthweight, 0.8% as high birthweight (≥4000g), 4.8% as PTB (<37 weeks), 94.8% as term birth, 0.4% as postterm birth (≥42 weeks), 7.8% as SGA (<10th percentile), 82.5% as appropriate for gestational age, and 9.7% as LGA (>90th percentile). Compared with term birth, PTB was independently positively associated with wheeze and asthma: the adjusted ORs (95% CI) were 1.47 (1.11-1.92) and 1.52 (1.02-2.20), respectively. An independent positive association was shown between PTB and wheeze only in boys; the interaction between PTB and sex was significant. Such an interaction between PTB and sex was not seen for asthma. No evident associations were observed between LBW, high birthweight, postterm birth, SGA, or LGA and wheeze or asthma. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study in Japan to show that PTB, but not LBW or SGA, was significantly positively associated with childhood wheeze and asthma.
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Watanabe S, Hirabayashi M, Hirata N, Hirata N, Noguchi R, Shimaki Y, Ikeda H, Tatsumi E, Yoshikawa M, Kikuchi S, Yabuta H, Nakamura T, Tachibana S, Ishihara Y, Morota T, Kitazato K, Sakatani N, Matsumoto K, Wada K, Senshu H, Honda C, Michikami T, Takeuchi H, Kouyama T, Honda R, Kameda S, Fuse T, Miyamoto H, Komatsu G, Sugita S, Okada T, Namiki N, Arakawa M, Ishiguro M, Abe M, Gaskell R, Palmer E, Barnouin OS, Michel P, French AS, McMahon JW, Scheeres DJ, Abell PA, Yamamoto Y, Tanaka S, Shirai K, Matsuoka M, Yamada M, Yokota Y, Suzuki H, Yoshioka K, Cho Y, Tanaka S, Nishikawa N, Sugiyama T, Kikuchi H, Hemmi R, Yamaguchi T, Ogawa N, Ono G, Mimasu Y, Yoshikawa K, Takahashi T, Takei Y, Fujii A, Hirose C, Iwata T, Hayakawa M, Hosoda S, Mori O, Sawada H, Shimada T, Soldini S, Yano H, Tsukizaki R, Ozaki M, Iijima Y, Ogawa K, Fujimoto M, Ho TM, Moussi A, Jaumann R, Bibring JP, Krause C, Terui F, Saiki T, Nakazawa S, Tsuda Y. Hayabusa2 arrives at the carbonaceous asteroid 162173 Ryugu-A spinning top-shaped rubble pile. Science 2019; 364:268-272. [PMID: 30890588 DOI: 10.1126/science.aav8032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The Hayabusa2 spacecraft arrived at the near-Earth carbonaceous asteroid 162173 Ryugu in 2018. We present Hayabusa2 observations of Ryugu's shape, mass, and geomorphology. Ryugu has an oblate "spinning top" shape, with a prominent circular equatorial ridge. Its bulk density, 1.19 ± 0.02 grams per cubic centimeter, indicates a high-porosity (>50%) interior. Large surface boulders suggest a rubble-pile structure. Surface slope analysis shows Ryugu's shape may have been produced from having once spun at twice the current rate. Coupled with the observed global material homogeneity, this suggests that Ryugu was reshaped by centrifugally induced deformation during a period of rapid rotation. From these remote-sensing investigations, we identified a suitable sample collection site on the equatorial ridge.
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Abdallah H, Abramowski A, Aharonian F, Ait Benkhali F, Angüner EO, Arakawa M, Arrieta M, Aubert P, Backes M, Balzer A, Barnard M, Becherini Y, Becker Tjus J, Berge D, Bernhard S, Bernlöhr K, Blackwell R, Böttcher M, Boisson C, Bolmont J, Bonnefoy S, Bordas P, Bregeon J, Brun F, Brun P, Bryan M, Büchele M, Bulik T, Capasso M, Caroff S, Carosi A, Carr J, Casanova S, Cerruti M, Chakraborty N, Chaves RCG, Chen A, Chevalier J, Colafrancesco S, Condon B, Conrad J, Davids ID, Decock J, Deil C, Devin J, deWilt P, Dirson L, Djannati-Ataï A, Domainko W, Donath A, Drury LO, Dutson K, Dyks J, Edwards T, Egberts K, Eger P, Emery G, Ernenwein JP, Eschbach S, Farnier C, Fegan S, Fernandes MV, Fiasson A, Fontaine G, Förster A, Funk S, Füßling M, Gabici S, Gallant YA, Garrigoux T, Gaté F, Giavitto G, Giebels B, Glawion D, Glicenstein JF, Gottschall D, Grondin MH, Hahn J, Haupt M, Hawkes J, Heinzelmann G, Henri G, Hermann G, Hinton JA, Hofmann W, Hoischen C, Holch TL, Holler M, Horns D, Ivascenko A, Iwasaki H, Jacholkowska A, Jamrozy M, Janiak M, Jankowsky D, Jankowsky F, Jingo M, Jouvin L, Jung-Richardt I, Kastendieck MA, Katarzyński K, Katsuragawa M, Katz U, Kerszberg D, Khangulyan D, Khélifi B, King J, Klepser S, Klochkov D, Kluźniak W, Komin N, Kosack K, Krakau S, Kraus M, Krüger PP, Laffon H, Lamanna G, Lau J, Lees JP, Lefaucheur J, Lemière A, Lemoine-Goumard M, Lenain JP, Leser E, Liu R, Lohse T, Lorentz M, López-Coto R, Lypova I, Malyshev D, Marandon V, Marcowith A, Mariaud C, Marx R, Maurin G, Maxted N, Mayer M, Meintjes PJ, Meyer M, Mitchell AMW, Moderski R, Mohamed M, Mohrmann L, Morå K, Moulin E, Murach T, Nakashima S, de Naurois M, Ndiyavala H, Niederwanger F, Niemiec J, Oakes L, O'Brien P, Odaka H, Ohm S, Ostrowski M, Oya I, Padovani M, Panter M, Parsons RD, Pekeur NW, Pelletier G, Perennes C, Petrucci PO, Peyaud B, Piel Q, Pita S, Poireau V, Poon H, Prokhorov D, Prokoph H, Pühlhofer G, Punch M, Quirrenbach A, Raab S, Rauth R, Reimer A, Reimer O, Renaud M, de Los Reyes R, Rieger F, Rinchiuso L, Romoli C, Rowell G, Rudak B, Rulten CB, Sahakian V, Saito S, Sanchez DA, Santangelo A, Sasaki M, Schandri M, Schlickeiser R, Schüssler F, Schulz A, Schwanke U, Schwemmer S, Seglar-Arroyo M, Settimo M, Seyffert AS, Shafi N, Shilon I, Shiningayamwe K, Simoni R, Sol H, Spanier F, Spir-Jacob M, Stawarz Ł, Steenkamp R, Stegmann C, Steppa C, Sushch I, Takahashi T, Tavernet JP, Tavernier T, Taylor AM, Terrier R, Tibaldo L, Tiziani D, Tluczykont M, Trichard C, Tsirou M, Tsuji N, Tuffs R, Uchiyama Y, van der Walt J, van Eldik C, van Rensburg C, van Soelen B, Vasileiadis G, Veh J, Venter C, Viana A, Vincent P, Vink J, Voisin F, Völk HJ, Vuillaume T, Wadiasingh Z, Wagner SJ, Wagner P, Wagner RM, White R, Wierzcholska A, Willmann P, Wörnlein A, Wouters D, Yang R, Zaborov D, Zacharias M, Zanin R, Zdziarski AA, Zech A, Zefi F, Ziegler A, Zorn J, Żywucka N. Search for γ-Ray Line Signals from Dark Matter Annihilations in the Inner Galactic Halo from 10 Years of Observations with H.E.S.S. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:201101. [PMID: 29864326 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.201101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Spectral lines are among the most powerful signatures for dark matter (DM) annihilation searches in very-high-energy γ rays. The central region of the Milky Way halo is one of the most promising targets given its large amount of DM and proximity to Earth. We report on a search for a monoenergetic spectral line from self-annihilations of DM particles in the energy range from 300 GeV to 70 TeV using a two-dimensional maximum likelihood method taking advantage of both the spectral and spatial features of the signal versus background. The analysis makes use of Galactic center observations accumulated over ten years (2004-2014) with the H.E.S.S. array of ground-based Cherenkov telescopes. No significant γ-ray excess above the background is found. We derive upper limits on the annihilation cross section ⟨σv⟩ for monoenergetic DM lines at the level of 4×10^{-28} cm^{3} s^{-1} at 1 TeV, assuming an Einasto DM profile for the Milky Way halo. For a DM mass of 1 TeV, they improve over the previous ones by a factor of 6. The present constraints are the strongest obtained so far for DM particles in the mass range 300 GeV-70 TeV. Ground-based γ-ray observations have reached sufficient sensitivity to explore relevant velocity-averaged cross sections for DM annihilation into two γ-ray photons at the level expected from the thermal relic density for TeV DM particles.
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Hisano K, Tanaka K, Nagata C, Arakawa M, Miyake Y. High birthweight is associated with increased prevalence of dental caries in Japanese children. Int J Dent Hyg 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/idh.12337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Arakawa M, Ohata C, Tsuruta D, Ishii N, Sogame R, Nakama T, Yasumoto S, Yokoyama Y, Takeishi E, Hashimoto T. A severe and prolonged case of pemphigoid gestationis successfully treated with combination therapies. Br J Dermatol 2015; 174:925-7. [PMID: 26521896 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hifumi E, Matsumoto S, Nakashima H, Itonaga S, Arakawa M, Katayama Y, Kato R, Uda T. A novel method of preparing the monoform structure of catalytic antibody light chain. FASEB J 2015; 30:895-908. [PMID: 26527062 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-276394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Along with the development of antibody drugs and catalytic antibodies, the structural diversity (heterogeneity) of antibodies has been given attention. For >20 yr, detailed studies on the subject have not been conducted, because the phenomenon presents many difficult and complex problems. Structural diversity provides some (or many) isoforms of an antibody distinguished by different charges, different molecular sizes, and modifications of amino acid residues. For practical use, the antibody and the subunits must have a defined structure. In recent work, we have found that the copper (Cu) ion plays a substantial role in solving the diversity problem. In the current study, we used several catalytic antibody light chains to examine the effect of the Cu ion. In all cases, the different electrical charges of the molecule converged to a single charge, giving 1 peak in cation-exchange chromatography, as well as a single spot in 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The Cu-binding site was investigated by using mutagenesis, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, atomic force microscope analysis, and molecular modeling, which suggested that histidine and cysteine residues close to the C-terminus are involved with the binding site. The constant region domain of the antibody light chain played an important role in the heterogeneity of the light chain. Our findings may be a significant tool for preparing a single defined, not multiple, isoform structure.
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Arakawa M, Arakawa R, Aoki R, Nomoto A, Saito K, Shibasaki M. A novel evaluation method of survival motor neuron protein as a biomarker of spinal muscular atrophy. Neuromuscul Disord 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2015.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Suzuki M, Hirasawa Y, Hirashima K, Arakawa M, Odaka M, Ogura Y, Yoshikawa Y, Sanaka T, Shinoda A, Morii H. Dose-finding, double-blind, clinical trial of recombinant human erythropoietin (Chugai) in Japanese patients with end-stage renal disease. Research Group for Clinical Assessment of rhEPO. CONTRIBUTIONS TO NEPHROLOGY 2015; 76:179-92; discussion 212-8. [PMID: 2684520 DOI: 10.1159/000417894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Homma N, Gejyo F, Hasegawa S, Teramura T, Ei I, Maruyama H, Arakawa M. Effects of a new adsorbent column for removing beta-2-microglobulin from circulating blood of dialysis patients. CONTRIBUTIONS TO NEPHROLOGY 2015; 112:164-71. [PMID: 7554988 DOI: 10.1159/000424105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Arakawa M, Tokunaga J. A scanning electron microscope study of the human Bowman's epithelium. CONTRIBUTIONS TO NEPHROLOGY 2015; 6:73-8. [PMID: 852304 DOI: 10.1159/000399754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The parietal epithelium of the Bowman's capsule in normal human kidney was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Stereoscopic scanning electron microscopy showed clearly that the Bowman's capsule, cut in half by a razor blade, was depressed hemispherically and coated with a flat layer of polygonal epithelial cells. The epithelial cell had a round, slightly elevated, and eccentrically located nuclear portion, and extended flat cytoplasmic layer from it toward the periphery. Tiny cytoplasmic projections, microvilli, were seen in varying degrees on the surface. One or two thin and long cilia were occasionally present around the nuclear portion.
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Gejyo F, Arakawa M. Dialysis amyloidosis: current disease concepts and new perspectives for its treatment. CONTRIBUTIONS TO NEPHROLOGY 2015; 78:47-59; discussion 59-60. [PMID: 2225843 DOI: 10.1159/000418269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Gejyo F, Homma N, Maruyama H, Arakawa M. Beta 2-microglobulin-related amyloidosis in patients receiving chronic hemodialysis. CONTRIBUTIONS TO NEPHROLOGY 2015; 68:263-9. [PMID: 3069321 DOI: 10.1159/000416524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Miyake Y, Tanaka K, Okubo H, Sasaki S, Arakawa M. Authors' reply. BJOG 2015; 122:586-7. [PMID: 25702545 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.13088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hifumi E, Arakawa M, Matsumoto S, Yamamoto T, Katayama Y, Uda T. Biochemical features and antiviral activity of a monomeric catalytic antibody light-chain 23D4 against influenza A virus. FASEB J 2015; 29:2347-58. [PMID: 25713031 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-264275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic antibodies have exhibited interesting functions against some infectious viruses such as HIV, rabies virus, and influenza virus in vitro as well as in vivo. In some cases, a catalytic antibody light chain takes on several structures from the standpoint of molecular size (monomer, dimer, etc.) and/or isoelectronic point. In this study, we prepared a monomeric 23D4 light chain by mutating the C-terminal Cys to Ala of the wild-type. The mutated 23D4 molecule took a simple monomeric form, which could hydrolyze synthetic 4-methyl-coumaryl-7-amide substrates and a plasmid DNA. Because the monomeric 23D4 light chain suppressed the infection of influenza virus A/Hiroshima/37/2001 in an in vitro assay, the corresponding experiments were conducted in vivo, after the virus strain (which was taken from a human patient) was successfully adapted into BALB/cN Sea mice. In the experiments, a mixture of the monomeric 23D4 and the virus was nasally administered 1) with preincubation and 2) without preincubation. As a result, the monomeric 23D4 clearly exhibited the ability to suppress the influenza virus infection in both cases, indicating a potential drug for preventing infection of the influenza A virus.
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Emrich F, Okamura H, Arakawa M, Dalal A, Penov K, Merk D, Raaz U, Hennigs J, Chin J, Miller M, Blankenberg F, Connolly A, Mohr F, Fischbein M. Apoptosis in Marfan Syndrome Aneurysms - it's not Only the Loss of Cells. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1544479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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