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Adejuyigbe EA, Agyeman I, Anand P, Anyabolu HC, Arya S, Assenga EN, Badhal S, Brobby NW, Chellani HK, Chopra N, Debata PK, Dube Q, Dua T, Gadama L, Gera R, Hammond CK, Jain S, Kantumbiza F, Kawaza K, Kija EN, Lal P, Mallewa M, Manu MK, Mehta A, Mhango T, Naburi HE, Newton S, Nyanor I, Nyako PA, Oke OJ, Patel A, Phlange-Rhule G, Sehgal R, Singhal R, Wadhwa N, Yiadom AB. Evaluation of the impact of continuous Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) initiated immediately after birth compared to KMC initiated after stabilization in newborns with birth weight 1.0 to < 1.8 kg on neurodevelopmental outcomes: Protocol for a follow-up study. Trials 2023; 24:265. [PMID: 37038239 PMCID: PMC10088121 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07192-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm birth or low birth weight is the single largest cause of death in newborns, however this mortality can be reduced through newborn care interventions, including Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC). Previously, a multi-country randomized controlled trial, coordinated by the World Health Organization (WHO), reported a significant survival advantage with initiation of continuous KMC immediately after birth compared with initiation of continuous KMC a few days after birth when the baby is considered clinically stable. Whether the survival advantage would lead to higher rates of neurodevelopmental morbidities, or the immediate KMC will also have a beneficial effect on cognitive development also, has not been investigated. We therefore propose to test the hypothesis that low-birth-weight infants exposed to immediate KMC will have lower rates of neurodevelopmental impairment in comparison to traditional KMC-treated infants, by prospectively following up infants already enrolled in the immediate KMC trial for the first 2 years of life, and assessing their growth and neurodevelopment. METHODS This prospective cohort study will enroll surviving neonates from the main WHO immediate KMC trial. The main trial as well as this follow-up study are being conducted in five low- and middle-income countries in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. The estimated sample size for comparison of the risk of neurodevelopmental impairment is a total of 2200 children. The primary outcome will include rates of cerebral palsy, hearing impairment, vision impairment, mental and motor development, and epilepsy and will be assessed by the age of 3 years. The analysis will be by intention to treat. DISCUSSION Immediate KMC can potentially reduce low-birth-weight-associated complications such as respiratory disease, hypothermia, hypoglycemia, and infection that can result in impaired neurocognitive development. Neuroprotection may also be mediated by improved physiological stabilization that may lead to better maturation of neural pathways, reduced risk of hypoxia, positive parental impact, improved sleep cycles, and improved stress responses. The present study will help in evaluating the overall impact of KMC by investigating the long-term effect on neurodevelopmental impairment in the survivors. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trials Registry-India CTRI/2019/11/021899. Registered on 06 November 2019. Trials registration of parent trial: ACTRN12618001880235; Clinical Trials Registry-India: CTRI/2018/08/015369.
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Arora T, Arya S, Valadie C, Moreira A. A genomic analysis to create bronchopulmonary dysplasia endotypes. Am J Med Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9629(23)00746-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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O'Mahony CJ, Reynolds IS, Arya S, Ryan ER, Martin ST. Management of Cylindrical Battery Ingestion. IRISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022; 115:657. [PMID: 36327988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Presentation A female presented to the Emergency Department following ingestion of an unknown number of cylindrical batteries. Diagnosis Abdominal X-ray confirmed the presence of multiple batteries located throughout the abdomen. Treatment A trial of conservative management was pursued, and five AA batteries were successfully passed per rectum. Serial X-rays over three weeks revealed that the majority of batteries failed to pass. A decision was made to perform a laparotomy, and 46 cylindrical batteries were removed from the stomach through a small gastrotomy. Four batteries located in the colon were milked into the rectum and removed via the transanal route. Discussion Using daily clinical exams and weekly plain films of the abdomen, conservative management is possible if a small number of batteries are ingested and make it to the stomach. However, the potential of cylindrical batteries to result in acute surgical emergencies should not be underestimated.
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Arya S, George AJ. Trivialization of Aggression Against Women in India: An Exploration of Life Writings and Societal Perception. Front Psychol 2022; 13:923753. [PMID: 35874423 PMCID: PMC9301204 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.923753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Aggression, or an action that intend to harm, encompasses different forms with varying intensity, impact, and salient features. Globally and in Indian context specifically, aggression against women is often normalized if there is no physical aggression involved as the hurt caused tends to be invisible. The current study explored the perceived intensity of physical, verbal, and sexual aggression among south Indian adults. Method Aggressive instances from the life writings of two south Indian women were chosen and were rated by five independent coders to check inter-coder reliability. The select narratives disclose instances of domestic aggression. Ten instances with highest ratings were chosen as the material for data collection. Adults (N = 145) from two southern states had reported the perceived intensity of aggression in each context. Textual analysis and ANOVA were the analytic techniques adopted. Results The results indicate trivialization of verbal aggression compared to physical and sexual aggression. Further, the instances of verbal or more subtle aggression were perceived as even more trivial when the respondents got exposed to the instances of explicit physical and sexual aggressions first. Conclusions The findings indicate trivialization of verbal and implicit forms of aggression, particularly when exposed along with physical and explicit forms of aggression. Consequences of different forms of aggression were not considered significant by the respondents. Suggestions for further studies, changes in policy-making, and law-enforcement were made based on the current results.
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Ghanem A, Maahs L, Gutta R, Tang A, Gilbert M, Arya S, Saheli Z, Tam S, Sheqwara J, Siddiqui F. Does Cetuximab Reduce the Risk of Anemia in Patients Undergoing Radiation Therapy for Head and Neck Cancers? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.12.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Retiz K, Althouse A, Meyer J, Arya S, Goodney P. Association of Smoking With Postprocedural Complications Following Open and Endovascular Interventions for Intermittent Claudication. J Vasc Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Devi KJ, Singh M, Maan AS, Thomas O, Kaur G, Arya S, Kaur J. Effect of type 1 tympanoplasty on the quality of life of patients suffering from chronic otitis media (safe type). Niger J Clin Pract 2021; 24:1641-1644. [PMID: 34782502 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_23_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Chronic otitis media (COM) remains a major public health issue and is associated with relentless discharge from the ear, pain, significant functional limitation of hearing, leading to communication problems and frequent specialist visits. Aims To assess the improvement in quality of life of patients of COM (safe type) and surgical success in terms of graft uptake and improvement in hearing. Patients and Methods A prospective questionnaire-based outcome study was directed in 100 patients with COM who were treated with Type I Tympanoplasty at our institution between May 2018 and May 2020. All patients were asked to fill Modified Chronic Otitis Media 4 (COM-4) survey before operation and 3 months after operation. Preoperative and postoperative total ear scores, audiological results, postoperative graft uptake were assessed. Results The correlation between preoperative and postoperative assessment by questionnaire was statistically critical (P < 0.001). There was significant improvement in hearing postoperatively (P < 0.001). Effective graft uptake was seen in 80%. Conclusion The current study emphasizes that Type 1 Tympanoplasty fundamentally improves quality of life of patients in terms of physical suffering, hearing loss, emotional distress postoperatively.
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Rajkumar E, Mitra J, Yadav R, Hareesh PV, Gangadharan A, Gopika MC, Christa AB, George AJ, Gopi A, John R, Arya S, Abraham J, Rajashekaran L. Family violence during COVID-19 and its impact on mental health of children: A systematic review. J Child Adolesc Ment Health 2021; 33:75-89. [PMID: 38041435 DOI: 10.2989/17280583.2023.2261992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic posed unanticipated challenges that could impact how the family system operates across the world. Restrictions imposed to control the rapid spread of the virus substantially increased violence in families. The current study aims to review violence in the family and its impact on the mental health of children during the pandemic.Method: A systematic search was conducted using keywords in the electronic databases PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science, and a manual search was conducted on Google Scholar for articles from January 2020 to January 2021. Of the 50 records identified, seven studies that met eligibility criteria were selected for final analysis.Results: Results revealed that family violence during the pandemic has escalated the mental health problems of children, including aggressive and self-harming behaviours. Lockdown restrictions, social detachment, financial instability, fear of infection, and unemployment led to increased parental stress. Parents with a higher level of stress were more likely to maltreat their children.Conclusions: Exposure to short and long-term family violence can adversely impact the mental health of children and can negatively affect a child's present and future life. Recommendations for researchers, mental health practitioners, public health authorities, and other service providers are also outlined.
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Arya S, Subramani T, Vennila G, Karunanidhi D. Health risks associated with fluoride intake from rural drinking water supply and inverse mass balance modeling to decipher hydrogeochemical processes in Vattamalaikarai River basin, South India. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2021; 43:705-716. [PMID: 31853770 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-019-00489-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Preliminary investigation reveals that fluorosis is reported due to the continuous intake of fluoride-rich groundwater in Vattamalikarai River basin, Tamil Nadu, India. A detailed study was attempted for evaluating the health risks associated with the intake of fluoride-rich groundwater supplied to the rural community. Groundwater samples were collected from 60 and 58 dug and tube wells during winter and southwest (SW) monsoon seasons respectively. The samples were analyzed for the determination of fluoride and other chemical parameters to examine the fitness for drinking water. Spatio-temporal variation maps reveal that fluoride concentration is high during SW monsoon season when compared with the winter season in this region. The fluoride bearing minerals present in hornblende-biotite gneiss and charnockite rock formations leached into the groundwater during rock-water interaction. To understand the subsurface hydrogeochemical reactions, inverse mass balance model was developed using NETPATH code. The model output indicates that calcite dilution, silicate (hornblende and biotite) weathering, ion exchange (Ca/Na and Mg/Na) and illite precipitation are the dominant processes controlling the groundwater chemistry along the flow paths. Non-carcinogenic risks to children and adults (women and men) were evaluated by working out intake exposure of groundwater. Hazard quotient (HQ) based on fluoride intake was calculated for children and adults. It varied from 0.08 to 2.21 with an average of 1.07 for adults. For children, it varied from 0.01 to 2.99 with the mean of 1.44. About 78%, 69% and 61% of the samples fall under the risk category for children, women and men during winter season. However, more number of samples possessed health risks (83% of samples for children, 73% of samples for women and 64% of samples for men) during SW monsoon season.
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Barrett K, Habib Bedwani N, Arya S, Bhargava A. Colorectal cancer referrals during the COVID-19 pandemic - a model for the faster diagnosis standard? THE BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY 2020; 107:e531-e532. [PMID: 32871025 PMCID: PMC7929102 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.12008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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English W, Vulliamy P, Banerjee S, Arya S. Surgical training during the COVID-19 pandemic - the cloud with a silver lining? Br J Surg 2020; 107:e343-e344. [PMID: 32662537 PMCID: PMC7404654 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Arya S, Ahmadkhaniha H, Arya B. Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Bipolar Disorder Treated with Atypical Antipsychotics, their First-degree Relatives and Control Group. Eur Psychiatry 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and objectivePatients with serious mental illness have lower life expectancy and higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome compared to normal population. Although, we have little evidence about their first-degree relatives.AimsTo compare metabolic syndrome in patients with bipolar disorder treated with atypical antipsychotics, their first degree relatives and healthy subjects in two age groups: under and over 40.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients with bipolar disorder treated with atypical antipsychotics, 50 first degree relatives and 135 healthy subjects. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was assessed based on National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP).ResultsUnder the age of 40, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 15.4% in patients with Bipolar disorder, 17.6% in first degree relatives and 7% in healthy subjects. Systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in bipolar disorder patients (P = 0.004). In those over 40, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 31.8% in patients with bipolar disorder, 33.3% in first-degree relatives and 32.8% in healthy subjects. Serum levels of HDL were significantly lower in bipolar disorder patients (P = 0.002).ConclusionPatients with bipolar disorder and their first-degree relatives have greater chance for cardiovascular disease due to higher metabolic syndrome. Further investigations are needed for evaluating serious mental illness patients and their relatives.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Roy MP, Bhatt M, Maurya V, Arya S, Gaind R, Chellani HK. Changing trend in bacterial etiology and antibiotic resistance in sepsis of intramural neonates at a tertiary care hospital. J Postgrad Med 2019; 63:162-168. [PMID: 28272077 PMCID: PMC5525480 DOI: 10.4103/0022-3859.201425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Septicemia is an important cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. However, organized data on causative organisms and their resistant pattern are scanty from developing countries. The changing trend in causative organisms and their antibiotic resistance is yet to be documented in India. The present study examines the trends in bacterial profile and antibiotic resistance of the organisms causing sepsis in hospitalized neonates. Materials and Methods: A retrospective laboratory-based analysis of blood cultures obtained from Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary care hospital in New Delhi was done for the period of 1999–2014, divided into five phases. Results: A total of 4700 isolates were considered. Over time, Gram-negative organisms have replaced Gram-positives as frequent isolates. Initially, there was predominance of Klebsiella pneumoniae, then of Staphylococcus aureus which recently has been changed with coagulase negative-Staphylococcus and Acinetobacter. Growing resistance against the first and second line of drugs has been noted, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus. Conclusion: The etiological profile of neonatal sepsis has changed tremendously in the past 15 years. High resistance against common drugs necessitates continued surveillance and review of empirical antibiotic policy for neonatal sepsis. These steps are important to effectively curtail the surge of further antibiotic resistance.
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Gupta G, Sharma S, Arya S, Jinagal J. Bilateral lens subluxation in Marfan syndrome. QJM 2019; 112:383-384. [PMID: 30517757 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcy285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Nanda S, Arya S, Tiwari V, Srikumar V, Kumar U, Bhatia R. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) induced Motor Evoked Potential (MEP) in Chronic Pain Patients. Brain Stimul 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Verma K, Engineer R, Ostwal V, Kumar S, Arya S, Desouza AL, Saklani AP. Persistent involvement of anterior mesorectal fascia in carcinoma rectum - extended resection of rectum vs total pelvic exenteration: results from a single-centre retrospective study. Colorectal Dis 2018; 20:1070-1077. [PMID: 29985547 DOI: 10.1111/codi.14336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM Involvement of the anterior mesorectal fascia (iAMRF) after neoadjuvant treatment leads to either resection of the involved organ alone [extended resection of the rectum (ERR)] or total pelvic exenteration (TPE). The purpose of this study was to compare the rate of recurrence and survival of patients undergoing ERR or TPE for iAMRF after neoadjuvant treatment. The outcome of patients who underwent total mesorectal excision after downstaging was also compared. METHOD This was a retrospective study of primary rectal cancer patients. RESULTS Of 237 patients, 61 (21.5%) patients with nonmetastatic carcinoma rectum had iAMRF at baseline. Ten patients defaulted before completion of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. After neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, 22 patients (43.1%) developed systemic metastases, seven patients (13.8%) were downstaged to free anterior mesorectal fascia and underwent total mesorectal excision (anterior resection/abdominoperineal resection) and the remaining 22 patients (43.1%) had persistent iAMRF. Thirteen patients with persistent iAMRF underwent ERR, whereas nine patients underwent TPE. The median duration of hospital stay in the TPE group was 13 days (10-26), whereas it was 7 days (5-21) in the ERR group. A clear circumferential resection margin, R0 resection, was achieved in all patients with TPE and ERR. After a median follow-up of 31.6 months, five patients with TPE (55.6%), four patients with ERR (30.7%) and three patients in the downstaged group (42.9%) developed systemic recurrence. None of the patients with TPE and the downstaged group developed local recurrence, whereas three patients with ERR (23.1%) developed local recurrence. Median disease-free survival was 12.3 months in the TPE group, 18.9 months in the ERR group and 10.6 months in the downstaged group, whereas mean overall survival was 36.2, 32.8 and 27.9 months, respectively. CONCLUSION Although there is no significant difference in the overall survival and disease-free survival, ERR is associated with a high risk of local recurrence compared to TPE and the downstaged group.
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Chaukar DA, Dandekar M, Kane S, Arya S, Purandare N, Rangarajan V, D'Cruz AK. Invasion of the mandible in gingivobuccal complex cancers: Histopathological analysis of routes of tumour entry and correlation with preoperative assessment. Oral Oncol 2018; 86:181-187. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2018.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Arya S, Ahmadkhaniha H, Alavi K, Arya B, Zarei Z. C-reactive protein and parathyroid hormone in acute severe psychotic disorders (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and methamphetamine-induced psychotic disorder). Eur Psychiatry 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.2104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introductionand objectives Schizophrenia accompanies with elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) and vitamin D deficiency. However, there are scarce documentations regarding bipolar disorder and methamphetamine-induced psychotic disorder.AimTo compare serum levels of vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, phosphorus and CRP levels in psychotic disorder patients and control group.MethodsA case-control study was conducted on four groups: acute phase of schizophrenia, acute manic episode of bipolar disorder, methamphetamine-induced psychotic disorder and healthy control subjects. Sample size was 45 in each group. Weekly duration of sun exposure, monthly vitamin D intake and serum levels of vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, PTH and CRP were assessed. Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) was used to evaluate psychotic symptoms.ResultsDuration of sun exposure and monthly vitamin D intake were comparable among groups. Serum levels of vitamin D, calcium and phosphorus were not statistically different between groups (P = 0.463, P = 0.086 and P = 0.339, respectively). Serum levels of PTH were significantly higher in control group (P < 0.001). CRP levels were significantly lower in control subjects (P < 0.001). The levels of serum vitamin D and CRP did not show statistically significant difference among three groups of patients.ConclusionAcute psychotic disorders seem to be associated with higher CRP and lower PTH levels. Clinical importance of the findings and relation of these differences to the metabolic and inflammatory bases of psychosis are not clear yet.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Mahajan A, Vaish R, Sable N, Arya S, Kane S, D'Cruz A. 391P Incremental value of preoperative CT in the surgical management of papillary thyroid cancer. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw587.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Mahajan A, Vaish R, Sable N, Arya S, Kane S, D'Cruz A. 391P Incremental value of preoperative CT in the surgical management of papillary thyroid cancer. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(21)00549-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Noronha V, Patil V, Joshi A, Muddu V, Bhattacharjee A, Juvekar S, Arya S, Chaturvedi P, Chaukar D, Pai PS, Dcruz AK, Prabhash K. Is taxane/platinum/5 fluorouracil superior to taxane/platinum alone and does docetaxel trump paclitaxel in induction therapy for locally advanced oral cavity cancers? Indian J Cancer 2016; 52:70-3. [PMID: 26837979 DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.175604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin and 5 fluorouracil drug combination is inferior to the combination of taxane with these 2 drugs. However, often in clinical practice at our center giving TPF (docetaxel, cisplatin, 5 fluorouracil) is difficult in view of logistics and tolerance issues. In such a scenario, we prefer to use the 2 drugs combination of platinum and taxane. However, no study has addressed whether a 2 drugs combination, which includes taxane is inferior to the 3 drugs combination and which the taxane of choice is in the 2 drugs combination of taxane and platinum. METHODS This is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of patients undergoing induction chemotherapy (IC) in oral cavity cancers from 2010 to 2012. We chose for analysis those patients who had a baseline scan done within 4 weeks of starting therapy and a follow-up scan done within 2 weeks of completion of the second cycle of IC. Response was scored in accordance with RECIST version 1.1. Chi-square analysis was done to compare response rates (RRs) between regimens. RESULTS Two hundred and forty-five patients were identified. The median age was 45 years (24-70 years), 208 (84.9%) were male patients, and 154 patients (62.9%) had primary in the Buccal mucosa. The regimens received were TPF 22 (9%), docetaxel + cisplatin 97 (39.6%), paclitaxel + cisplatin 89 (36.3%), docetaxel + carboplatin 16 (6.5%) and paclitaxel + carboplatin 21 (8.6%). The overall RRs were complete response, partial response, stable disease and progressive disease in 4 (1.6%), 56 (22.9%), 145 (59.2%) and 40 (16.3%). The 3 drugs regimen (TPF) had 50% RR as compared to 22% RR with 2 drugs regimen (P = 0.004). Docetaxel containing regimens had 30.3% RR as compared to 17.2% RR with paclitaxel containing regimens (P = 0.094). CONCLUSIONS TPF has better RR than a 2 drugs taxane-containing regimen and docetaxel leads to a better RR than paclitaxel for IC in locally advanced oral cavity cancers.
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Pradhan A, Rekhi B, Gulia A, Desai S, Arya S. Utility of fine needle aspiration cytology in detecting metastatic deposits in an uncommon case of malignant transformation in a giant cell tumour of bone. Cytopathology 2015; 27:505-507. [PMID: 26614564 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kane S, Patil VM, Joshi A, Noronha V, Muddu V, Dhumal S, Juvekar S, Arya S, D'Cruz A, Bhattacharjee A, Prabhash K. Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Technically Unresectable Oral Cancers: Does Human Papillomavirus Make a Difference? Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2015; 27:751-3. [PMID: 26412438 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Wiggins T, Markar SR, Arya S, Hanna GB. Anastomotic reinforcement with omentoplasty following gastrointestinal anastomosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Surg Oncol 2015; 24:181-6. [PMID: 26116395 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Anastomotic leak is a potentially devastating complication following gastrointestinal anastomosis. Some surgeons believe that reinforcing the anastomosis with omentum reduces the incidence and severity of anastomotic leak. A comprehensive electronic search of EMBASE, Medline, Web of Science and Cochrane databases was performed. Pooled odds ratios (POR) were calculated for discrete variables. There were six studies investigating esophageal anastomosis and 3 studies investigating colorectal anastomosis identified by the literature search. A total of 2296 patients were included, 1073 with omentoplasty and 1223 without. In esophageal surgery omentoplasty significantly reduced the rate of anastomotic leak (2.9% vs 10.5% (POR = 0.28; 95% CI = 0.17 to 0.47; P < 0.0001), but there was no significant effect upon in-hospital mortality (2.3% vs. 2.5%; POR = 0.911 [95% CI 0.439-1.887]; P = 0.802) or anastomotic stricture between the two groups (6.6% vs 9.1%; POR = 0.842 [95% CI 0.331 to 2.145]; P = 0.720). In colorectal surgery there was no significant difference in anastomotic leak rate (5.0% vs 8.4%; POR: 0.50; 95% CI 0.21 to 1.17) or in-hospital mortality (4.2% vs 4.1%; POR: 0.90; 95% CI 0.34 to 2.41). The results of this analysis show that omentoplasty significantly reduced the rate of anastomotic leak following esophageal anastomosis but these results were not observed in colorectal anastomosis. Omentoplasty could be used as an adjunct technique to reduce the incidence of anastomotic leak in oesophageal anastomosis.
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Yadav S, Manglani MV, Narayan DA, Sharma S, Ravish HS, Arora R, Castells VB, Arya S, Oster P. Safety and immunogenicity of a quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MenACYW-DT): a multicenter, open-label, non-randomized, phase III clinical trial. Indian Pediatr 2015; 51:451-6. [PMID: 24986280 DOI: 10.1007/s13312-014-0435-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the safety and immunogenicity of a quadrivalent meningococcal (groups A,C,Y,W) polysaccharide diphtheria toxoid conjugate vaccine (MenACYW-DT) in India. DESIGN Open-label, descriptive, non-randomized study. SETTING Three medical college hospitals, one each in New Delhi, Bengaluru and Mumbai, India. PARTICIPANTS 300 healthy, vaccine-naïve participants (100 children aged 2-11 years, 100 adolescents aged 12-17 years, and 100 adults aged 18-55 years). INTERVENTION One dose (0.5 mL) of MenACYW-DT administered intramuscularly. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Serum bactericidal antibody titers against A, C, Y, and W were measured before and after MenACWY-DT vaccination. Safety data were also collected. RESULTS Thirty days post-vaccination, geometric mean titers rose across all serogroups. Most participants had protective titers >8 (1/dil) across the four serogroups. The percentage (95% CI) achieving >8 (1/dil) in the Adolescent Group was typical - A: 96.9% (91.2%; 99.4%); C: 96.9% (91.2%; 99.4%); Y:100% (96.3%; 100%); W:100% (96.3%; 100%). In general, solicited reactions were mild and short-lived. Unsolicited events were uncommon and unrelated to vaccination. CONCLUSIONS MenACYW-DT was well tolerated and elicited a robust and protective immune response 30 days post-vaccination against meningococcal serogroups A, C, Y, and W-135 in the Indian study participants aged 2-55 years.
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