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Chen X, Feng Y, Dai S, Guo B, Yan L, Liu J, Zhu H. Advances in research on spexin-mediated regulation of reproductive function in vertebrates. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1422711. [PMID: 38915898 PMCID: PMC11194384 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1422711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Spexin (SPX, NPQ) is a 14-amino acid neuroactive peptide identified using bioinformatics. This amino acid sequence of the mature spexin peptide has been highly conserved during species evolution and is widely distributed in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues and organs. Therefore, spexin may play a role in various biological functions. Spexin, the cognate ligand for GALR2/3, acting as a neuromodulator or endocrine signaling factor, can inhibit reproductive performance. However, controversies and gaps in knowledge persist regarding spexin-mediated regulation of animal reproductive functions. This review focuses on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and provides a comprehensive overview of the impact of spexin on reproduction. Through this review, we aim to enhance understanding and obtain in-depth insights into the regulation of reproduction by spexin peptides, thereby providing a scientific basis for future investigations into the molecular mechanisms underlying the influence of spexin on reproductive function. Such investigations hold potential benefits for optimizing farming practices in livestock, poultry, and fish industries.
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Koymeth S, Yao B, Paluch M, Dai S, Mokhtarinori N, Swadzba-Kwasny M, Wojnarowska Z. Non-Isochronal Behavior of Charge Transport at Liquid-Liquid and Liquid-Glass Transition in Aprotic Ionic Liquids. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:5118-5126. [PMID: 38742730 PMCID: PMC11129292 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c00939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
A reversible, first-order transition separating two liquid phases of a single-component material is a fascinating yet poorly understood phenomenon. Here, we investigate the liquid-liquid transition (LLT) ability of two tetraalkylphosphonium ionic liquids (ILs), [P666,14]Cl and [P666,14][1,2,4-triazolide], using differential scanning calorimetry and dielectric spectroscopy. The latter technique also allowed us to study the LLT at elevated pressure. We found that cooling below 205 K transforms [P666,14]Cl and [P666,14][Trz] from one liquid state (liquid 1) to another (the self-assembled liquid 2), while the latter facilitates the charge transport decoupled from structural dynamics. In contrast to temperature, pressure was found to play an essential role in the self-organization of a liquid 2 phase, resulting in different time scales of charge transport for rapidly and slowly compressed samples. Furthermore, τσ(PLL) was found to be much shorter than τσ(TLL, P=atm), which constitutes the first example of non-isochronal behavior of charge transport at LLT. In turn, dielectric studies through the liquid-glass transition revealed the non-monotonic behavior of τσ at elevated pressure for [P666,14]Cl, while for [P666,14][Trz] τσ(Pg) was almost constant. These results highlight the diversity of liquid-liquid transition features within the class of phosphonium ionic liquids.
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Aharonian F, Benkhali FA, Aschersleben J, Ashkar H, Backes M, Martins VB, Batzofin R, Becherini Y, Berge D, Bernlöhr K, Bi B, Böttcher M, Boisson C, Bolmont J, de Lavergne MDB, Borowska J, Bouyahiaoui M, Breuhaus M, Brose R, Brown AM, Brun F, Bruno B, Bulik T, Burger-Scheidlin C, Caroff S, Casanova S, Cecil R, Celic J, Cerruti M, Chand T, Chandra S, Chen A, Chibueze J, Chibueze O, Cotter G, Dai S, Mbarubucyeye JD, Djannati-Ataï A, Dmytriiev A, Doroshenko V, Egberts K, Einecke S, Ernenwein JP, Filipovic M, Fontaine G, Füßling M, Funk S, Gabici S, Ghafourizadeh S, Giavitto G, Glawion D, Glicenstein JF, Grolleron G, Haerer L, Hinton JA, Hofmann W, Holch TL, Holler M, Horns D, Jamrozy M, Jankowsky F, Jardin-Blicq A, Joshi V, Jung-Richardt I, Kasai E, Katarzyński K, Khatoon R, Khélifi B, Klepser S, Kluźniak W, Komin N, Kosack K, Kostunin D, Kundu A, Lang RG, Le Stum S, Leitl F, Lemière A, Lenain JP, Leuschner F, Lohse T, Luashvili A, Lypova I, Mackey J, Malyshev D, Malyshev D, Marandon V, Marchegiani P, Marcowith A, Martí-Devesa G, Marx R, Mehta A, Mitchell A, Moderski R, Mohrmann L, Montanari A, Moulin E, Murach T, Nakashima K, de Naurois M, Niemiec J, Noel AP, Ohm S, Olivera-Nieto L, de Ona Wilhelmi E, Ostrowski M, Panny S, Panter M, Parsons RD, Peron G, Prokhorov DA, Pühlhofer G, Punch M, Quirrenbach A, Reichherzer P, Reimer A, Reimer O, Ren H, Renaud M, Reville B, Rieger F, Rowell G, Rudak B, Ricarte HR, Ruiz-Velasco E, Sahakian V, Salzmann H, Santangelo A, Sasaki M, Schäfer J, Schüssler F, Schwanke U, Shapopi JNS, Sol H, Specovius A, Spencer S, Stawarz L, Steenkamp R, Steinmassl S, Steppa C, Streil K, Sushch I, Suzuki H, Takahashi T, Tanaka T, Taylor AM, Terrier R, Tsirou M, Tsuji N, Unbehaun T, van Eldik C, Vecchi M, Veh J, Venter C, Vink J, Wach T, Wagner SJ, Werner F, White R, Wierzcholska A, Wong YW, Zacharias M, Zargaryan D, Zdziarski AA, Zech A, Zouari S, Żywucka N. Acceleration and transport of relativistic electrons in the jets of the microquasar SS 433. Science 2024; 383:402-406. [PMID: 38271522 DOI: 10.1126/science.adi2048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
SS 433 is a microquasar, a stellar binary system that launches collimated relativistic jets. We observed SS 433 in gamma rays using the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) and found an energy-dependent shift in the apparent position of the gamma-ray emission from the parsec-scale jets. These observations trace the energetic electron population and indicate that inverse Compton scattering is the emission mechanism of the gamma rays. Our modeling of the energy-dependent gamma-ray morphology constrains the location of particle acceleration and requires an abrupt deceleration of the jet flow. We infer the presence of shocks on either side of the binary system, at distances of 25 to 30 parsecs, and that self-collimation of the precessing jets forms the shocks, which then efficiently accelerate electrons.
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Chen R, Qin Y, Du J, Liu J, Dai S, Lei M, Zhu H. Circadian clock gene BMAL1 regulates STAR expression in goose ovarian preovulatory granulosa cells. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103159. [PMID: 37871489 PMCID: PMC10598734 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The ovarian circadian clock plays a regulatory role in the avian ovulation-oviposition cycle. However, little is known regarding the ovarian circadian clock of geese. In this study, we investigated rhythmic changes in clock genes over a 48-h period and identified potential clock-controlled genes involved in progesterone synthesis in goose ovarian preovulatory granulosa cells. The results showed that BMAL1, CRY1, and CRY2, as well as 4 genes (LHR, STAR, CYP11A1, and HSD3B) involved in progesterone synthesis exhibited rhythmic expression patterns in goose ovarian preovulatory granulosa cells over a 48-h period. Knockdown of BMAL1 decreased the progesterone concentration and downregulated STAR mRNA and protein levels in goose ovarian preovulatory granulosa cells. Overexpression of BMAL1 increased the progesterone concentration and upregulated the STAR mRNA level in goose ovarian preovulatory granulosa cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that the BMAL1/CLOCK complex activated the transcription of goose STAR gene by binding to an E-box motif. These results suggest that the circadian clock is involved in the regulation of progesterone synthesis in goose ovarian preovulatory granulosa cells by orchestrating the transcription of steroidogenesis-related genes.
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Liu G, Fan Q, Zhao L, Li X, Lu X, Dai S, Zhang S, Yang K, Ding X. A Novel Planning and Delivery Technology: Dose, Dose Rate and Linear Energy Transfer (LET) Optimization Based on Spot-Scanning Proton Arc Therapy FLASH (SPLASH LET). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S37. [PMID: 37784485 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) To achieve a high conformal dose with Linear Energy Transfer (LET) optimized FLASH proton therapy, we introduced a new planning and delivery technique concept, the voxel-wised optimization of LET distribution and dose rate based on scanning arc therapy (SPLASHLET) MATERIALS/METHODS: The algorithm optimizes (1) the clinical dose-volume constraint based on dose distribution and (2) the clinical LET-volume constraint based on LET distribution using Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) with Limited-memory BFGS solver by minimizing the monitor unit (MU) constraint on spot weight and (3) the effective dose-average dose rate by minimizing the accelerator's beam current sequentially. Such optimization framework enables the high dose conformal dynamic arc therapy with the capability of LET painting with voxel-based FLASH dose rate in an open-source proton planning platform (MatRad, Department of Medical Physics in Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center-DKFZ). It aiming to minimize the overall cost function value combined with plan quality and voxel-based LET and dose rate constraints. Three representative cases (brain, liver and prostate cancer) were used for testing purposes. Dose-volume histogram (DVH), LET volume histogram (LVH) dose rate volume histogram (DRVH) and dose rate map were assessed compared to the original SPArc plan (SPArcoriginal). RESULTS SPLASHLET plan could offer comparable plan quality compared to SPArcoriginal plan. The DRVH results indicated that SPArcoriginal could not achieve FLASH using the clinic beam current configuration, while SPLASHLET could significantly not only improve V40Gy/s in target and region of interest (ROI) but also improve the mean LET in the target and reduce the high LET in organ at risk (OAR) in comparison with SPArcoriginal (Table 1). CONCLUSION SPLASHLET offers the first LET painting with voxel-based ultra-dose-rate and high-dose conformity treatment using proton beam therapy. Such technique has the potential to take full vantage of LET painting, FLASH and SPArc.
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Chen M, Zhong Y, Harris E, Li J, Zheng Z, Chen H, Wu JS, Jarillo-Herrero P, Ma Q, Edgar JH, Lin X, Dai S. Van der Waals isotope heterostructures for engineering phonon polariton dispersions. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4782. [PMID: 37553366 PMCID: PMC10409777 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40449-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Element isotopes are characterized by distinct atomic masses and nuclear spins, which can significantly influence material properties. Notably, however, isotopes in natural materials are homogenously distributed in space. Here, we propose a method to configure material properties by repositioning isotopes in engineered van der Waals (vdW) isotopic heterostructures. We showcase the properties of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) isotopic heterostructures in engineering confined photon-lattice waves-hyperbolic phonon polaritons. By varying the composition, stacking order, and thicknesses of h10BN and h11BN building blocks, hyperbolic phonon polaritons can be engineered into a variety of energy-momentum dispersions. These confined and tailored polaritons are promising for various nanophotonic and thermal functionalities. Due to the universality and importance of isotopes, our vdW isotope heterostructuring method can be applied to engineer the properties of a broad range of materials.
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Liu J, Dai S, Dai Z, Feng Y, Lei M, Chen R, Zhu H. Transcriptome Profiling of Goose Ovarian Follicle Granulosa Cells Reveals Key Regulatory Networks for Follicle Selection. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2132. [PMID: 37443931 DOI: 10.3390/ani13132132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The selection of follicles determines the reproductive performance of birds, but the process of follicle selection in geese is still elusive. This study focuses on Yangzhou geese during the egg-laying period and divides the follicular development process into three stages: small follicle development, follicle selection, and follicle maturation. Transcriptome sequencing was performed on granulosa cells from large white follicles, small yellow follicles, and F5 and F4 follicles. In addition, we selected the transcripts that remained unchanged during the development and maturation of small follicles but significantly changed during the follicular selection stage as the transcript collection that plays an important role in the follicular selection process. Then, we performed functional analysis on these transcripts and constructed a ceRNA network. The results showed that during the follicular selection stage, the number of differentially expressed mRNAs, miRNAs, and lncRNAs was the highest. In addition, miR-222-3p, miR-2954-3p, miR-126-5p, miR-2478, and miR-425-5p are potential key core regulatory molecules in the selection stage of goose follicles. These results can provide a reference for a better understanding of the basic mechanisms of the goose follicle selection process and potential targets for the precise regulation of goose egg production performance.
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Lafitte R, Diaine F, Dai S, Carré O, Dupierrix E, Jolly C, Piscicelli C, Pérennou D. Clinimetric properties of relevant criteria for assessing writing and drawing orientation after right hemisphere stroke. J Neurosci Methods 2023:109900. [PMID: 37295749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2023.109900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Writing and drawing orientation is rarely assessed in clinical routine, although it might have a potential value in detecting impaired verticality perception after right hemispheric stroke (RHS). Assessment tools and criteria must be conceived and validated. We therefore explored the clinimetric properties of a set of quantitative writing and drawing orientation criteria, their ranges of normality, and their tilt prevalence in RHS individuals. NEW METHODS We asked 69 individuals with subacute RHS and 64 matched healthy controls to write three lines and to copy the Gainotti Figure (house and trees). We determined six criteria referring to the orientation of writing and drawing main axes: for writing, the line and margin orientations, and for drawing, the tree, groundline, wall, and roofline orientations. Orientations were measured by using an electronic protractor from specific landmarks positioned by independent evaluators. RESULTS The set of criteria fulfilling all clinimetric properties (feasibility, measurability, reliability) comprised the line orientation of the writing and the wall and roofline orientations of the drawing. Writing and drawing tilts were frequent after RHS (about 30% by criterion). COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS So far, graphomotor orientation was mostly tested qualitatively and could not be objectively appreciated in absence of validated tools and criteria, and without ranges of normality. Writing and drawing tilts may now be assessed both in routine clinical practice and research. CONCLUSIONS Our study paves the way for investigating the clinical determinants of graphomotor tilts, including impaired verticality perception, to better understand their underlying mechanisms.
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Tang L, Leung P, Mohamed M, Xu Q, Dai S, Zhu X, Flox C, Shah A, Liao Q. Capital cost evaluation of conventional and emerging redox flow batteries for grid storage applications. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Liu J, Dai S, Shao X, Wei C, Dai Z, Yang P, Lei M, Chen R, Zhu H. Spexin mRNA profile and its response to different photoperiods in Chinese Yangzhou geese (Anas cygnoides). Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:961431. [PMID: 36118333 PMCID: PMC9479540 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.961431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Spexin (SPX, NPQ), a novel neuropeptide composed of 14 amino acid residues, is evolutionarily conserved among different species. Spexin has been suggested to have pleiotropic functions in mammals. However, reports on spexin in birds are limited. To clarify the role of spexin in goose reproduction, the spexin gene was cloned and analyzed. Analysis of tissue distribution by RT-PCR showed that the expression of spexin and its two receptors was widespread. During the long photoperiod, the expression levels of spexin in the pituitary and hypothalamus and of GALR2/3 in the pituitary decreased, and the GnRH, LHβ, and FSHβ expression levels increased significantly. This suggests that a long photoperiod regulates reproductive activities by activating the gonadotrope-axis, which is modulated by decreased spexin levels.
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Niu CH, Aggarwal K, Li D, Zhang X, Chatterjee S, Tsai CW, Yu W, Law CJ, Burke-Spolaor S, Cordes JM, Zhang YK, Ocker SK, Yao JM, Wang P, Feng Y, Niino Y, Bochenek C, Cruces M, Connor L, Jiang JA, Dai S, Luo R, Li GD, Miao CC, Niu JR, Anna-Thomas R, Sydnor J, Stern D, Wang WY, Yuan M, Yue YL, Zhou DJ, Yan Z, Zhu WW, Zhang B. A repeating fast radio burst associated with a persistent radio source. Nature 2022; 606:873-877. [PMID: 35676486 PMCID: PMC9242862 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04755-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The dispersive sweep of fast radio bursts (FRBs) has been used to probe the ionized baryon content of the intergalactic medium1, which is assumed to dominate the total extragalactic dispersion. Although the host-galaxy contributions to the dispersion measure appear to be small for most FRBs2, in at least one case there is evidence for an extreme magneto-ionic local environment3,4 and a compact persistent radio source5. Here we report the detection and localization of the repeating FRB 20190520B, which is co-located with a compact, persistent radio source and associated with a dwarf host galaxy of high specific-star-formation rate at a redshift of 0.241 ± 0.001. The estimated host-galaxy dispersion measure of approximately [Formula: see text] parsecs per cubic centimetre, which is nearly an order of magnitude higher than the average of FRB host galaxies2,6, far exceeds the dispersion-measure contribution of the intergalactic medium. Caution is thus warranted in inferring redshifts for FRBs without accurate host-galaxy identifications.
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Huang Y, Guo FZ, Dai S, Hu HY, Fu SY, Liu JW, Luo F. Clinical insights into cisplatin-induced arrhythmia in a patient with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a case report. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2022; 26:6-10. [PMID: 35049014 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202201_27741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardiotoxicity is a common adverse effect of many antineoplastic agents, including anthracyclines and paclitaxel. However, it has not been defined as a causal side effect of cisplatin. Here we report on a patient with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer who developed a cardiotoxic event induced by cisplatin that manifested primarily as arrhythmia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Intensive cardiac monitoring through electrocardiogram was performed to estimate the severity degree and clinical condition of arrhythmia. RESULTS The frequency and severity of the arrhythmia had a strong temporal relationship with the administration of cisplatin, that made it likely that cisplatin was responsible for the cardiotoxicity observed. CONCLUSIONS In the present case report, we discuss the potential factors that may provide pivotal contributions to the patient's susceptibility to cardiotoxicity and review the published studies regarding the cardiotoxic influence of cisplatin. We also outline the critical points that oncologists should be aware of when dealing with such high-risk patients.
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Li D, Wang P, Zhu WW, Zhang B, Zhang XX, Duan R, Zhang YK, Feng Y, Tang NY, Chatterjee S, Cordes JM, Cruces M, Dai S, Gajjar V, Hobbs G, Jin C, Kramer M, Lorimer DR, Miao CC, Niu CH, Niu JR, Pan ZC, Qian L, Spitler L, Werthimer D, Zhang GQ, Wang FY, Xie XY, Yue YL, Zhang L, Zhi QJ, Zhu Y. Author Correction: A bimodal burst energy distribution of a repeating fast radio burst source. Nature 2021; 601:E1. [PMID: 34912125 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04178-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Shu Y, Liu Y, Cui J, Chen X, Miao L, Li Y, Zhu X, He J, Chen P, Dai S. P40.01 Maintenance Anlotinib After Induction Therapy With Platinum-Based Chemotherapy for Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Phase 2 Study. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Li D, Wang P, Zhu WW, Zhang B, Zhang XX, Duan R, Zhang YK, Feng Y, Tang NY, Chatterjee S, Cordes JM, Cruces M, Dai S, Gajjar V, Hobbs G, Jin C, Kramer M, Lorimer DR, Miao CC, Niu CH, Niu JR, Pan ZC, Qian L, Spitler L, Werthimer D, Zhang GQ, Wang FY, Xie XY, Yue YL, Zhang L, Zhi QJ, Zhu Y. A bimodal burst energy distribution of a repeating fast radio burst source. Nature 2021; 598:267-271. [PMID: 34645999 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03878-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The event rate, energy distribution and time-domain behaviour of repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs) contain essential information regarding their physical nature and central engine, which are as yet unknown1,2. As the first precisely localized source, FRB 121102 (refs. 3-5) has been extensively observed and shows non-Poisson clustering of bursts over time and a power-law energy distribution6-8. However, the extent of the energy distribution towards the fainter end was not known. Here we report the detection of 1,652 independent bursts with a peak burst rate of 122 h-1, in 59.5 hours spanning 47 days. A peak in the isotropic equivalent energy distribution is found to be approximately 4.8 × 1037 erg at 1.25 GHz, below which the detection of bursts is suppressed. The burst energy distribution is bimodal, and well characterized by a combination of a log-normal function and a generalized Cauchy function. The large number of bursts in hour-long spans allows sensitive periodicity searches between 1 ms and 1,000 s. The non-detection of any periodicity or quasi-periodicity poses challenges for models involving a single rotating compact object. The high burst rate also implies that FRBs must be generated with a high radiative efficiency, disfavouring emission mechanisms with large energy requirements or contrived triggering conditions.
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Coutre SE, Barr PM, Owen C, Robak T, Tedeschi A, Bairey O, Burger JA, Hillmen P, Devereux S, Grosicki S, McCarthy H, Li J, Simpson D, Offner F, Moreno C, Dai S, Szoke A, Dean JP, Kipps TJ, Ghia P. FIRST‐LINE TREATMENT WITH IBRUTINIB FOR PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CLL): 7‐YEAR RESULTS FROM RESONATE‐2. Hematol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.48_2880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Bridges CA, Martins ML, Jafta CJ, Sun XG, Paranthaman MP, Liu J, Dai S, Mamontov E. Dynamics of Emim + in [Emim][TFSI]/LiTFSI Solutions as Bulk and under Confinement in a Quasi-liquid Solid Electrolyte. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:5443-5450. [PMID: 34003647 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c02383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Quasi-liquid solid electrolytes are a promising alternative for next-generation Li batteries. These systems combine the safety of solid electrolytes with the desired properties of liquids and are typically formed by solutions of Li salts in ionic liquids incorporated into solid matrices. Here, we present a fundamental understanding of the transport properties in solutions of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([Emim][TFSI]), either in bulk form or incorporated in a boron nitride (BN) matrix. We performed a series of quasi-elastic neutron scattering experiments that, given the high incoherent neutron scattering cross section of hydrogen, allowed us to focus on the Emim+ dynamics. First, [Emim][TFSI]/LiTFSI solutions (0.5 and 2.5 mol·kg-1) were investigated and we show how the increase in the concentration reduces the Emim+ mobility and increases the activation energy of their long-range motions. Then, the 0.5 mol·kg-1 solution was incorporated into the BN matrix and we report that the diffusivities of the Emim+ cations that remain mobile under confinement are highly accelerated in comparison with the bulk sample and the activation energy of these motions is drastically reduced. We present the experimental evidence that this effect is related to the content of the Emim+ cations immobilized near the surfaces of the BN pores.
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Lu L, Chang M, Han X, Wang Q, Wang J, Yang H, Guan Q, Dai S. Beneficial effects of endophytic Pantoea ananatis with ability to promote rice growth under saline stress. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:1919-1931. [PMID: 33754394 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Soil salinization severely inhibits plant growth, leading to a low crop yield. The aim of the current study was to isolate endophytic bacteria with the ability to promote rice growth under saline conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS We isolated eight salt-tolerant endophytic bacteria from rice roots. An isolated strain D1 was selected due to its ability to stimulate rice seed germination in the presence of NaCl, which was identified as Pantoea ananatis D1. It exhibited multiple plant growth-promoting traits including phosphate solubilization, production of indole-3-acetic acid, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase and siderophore. Inoculation of P. ananatis D1 obviously enhanced the rice root and shoot growth under normal and saline conditions. It also significantly increased the contents of chlorophyll, total soluble protein, and proline in salt-stressed rice seedlings. Moreover P. ananatis D1 could ameliorate the oxidative stress in rice induced by NaCl and Na2 CO3 treatment. The malondialdehyde content and various antioxidant enzyme activities were decreased by P. ananatis D1 inoculation in salt-affected rice. In addition, P. ananatis D1 showed a positive potential for limiting the Na+ accumulation and enhancing the K+ uptake, leading to an increase of 1·2-1·7 fold in K+ /Na+ ratio under saline environment. CONCLUSIONS Pantoea ananatis D1 has the ability to improve the salt tolerance of rice seedlings. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The application of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) is an eco-friendly strategy to improve plant tolerance towards abiotic stresses. We demonstrated that P. ananatis D1 could be used as an effective halotolerant PGPB to enhance rice growth in different salt-affected soils.
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Ding J, He S, Xiong Y, Liu D, Dai S, Hu H. Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Fumaric Acid on Growth Performance, Blood Hematological and Biochemical Profile of Broiler Chickens Exposed to Chronic Heat Stress. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2019-1147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Dai S, Sun Z, Lee M, Wang H, Yang Y, Lin Z. Olmsted syndrome with alopecia universalis caused by heterozygous mutation in
PERP. Br J Dermatol 2019; 182:242-244. [PMID: 31361044 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Chen Q, Dai S. [Imaging analysis of respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma in the nasal olfactory clefts]. LIN CHUANG ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF CLINICAL OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, HEAD, AND NECK SURGERY 2019; 33:557-560. [PMID: 31163535 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2019.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To analyze the imaging features of respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma (REAH) in the nasal olfactory clefts. Method:Forty-two patients with REAH in the nasal olfactory clefts confirmed by pathology were enrolled in this study and their imaging features were analyzed. Result:All lesions of the patients were located in bilateral olfactory clefts, accompanied by varying degrees of sinusitis and nasal polyps. CT and MRI of sinuses showed that expanded soft tissue in bilateral olfactory region. The bilateral middle turbinate was extruded laterally. Sagittal images showed "discoid-shaped mass" changes. Conclusion:The imaging manifestations of REAH have certain characteristics, which can provide a basis for clinical diagnosis. Clinical analysis combined with imaging examination can improve the diagnosis of REAH and guide the treatment.
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Tedeschi A, Burger J, Barr P, Robak T, Owen C, Ghia P, Bairey O, Hillmen P, Coutre S, Devereux S, Grosicki S, McCarthy H, Li J, Simpson D, Offner F, Moreno C, Dai S, Lal I, Dean J, Kipps T. FIVE-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF FIRST-LINE IBRUTINIB FOR TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA//SMALL LYMPHOCYTIC LYMPHOMA. Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.67_2629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Wang Y, Dai S, Cheng X, Prado E, Yan L, Hu J, He Q, Lv Y, Lv Y, Du L. Notch3 signaling activation in smooth muscle cells promotes extrauterine growth restriction-induced pulmonary hypertension. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 29:639-651. [PMID: 30954415 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Early postnatal life is a critical developmental period that affects health of the whole life. Extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) causes cardiovascular development problems and diseases, including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). PAH is characterized by proliferation, migration, and anti-apoptosis of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). However, the role of PASMCs in EUGR has not been studied. Thus, we hypothesized that PASMCs dysfunction played a role in EUGR-induced pulmonary hypertension. METHODS AND RESULTS Here we identified that postnatal nutritional restriction-induced EUGR rats exhibited an elevated mean pulmonary arterial pressure and vascular remodeling at 12 weeks old. PASMCs of EUGR rats showed increased cell proliferation and migration features. In EUGR-induced PAH rats, Notch3 signaling was activated. Relative mRNA and protein expression levels of Notch3 intracellular domain (Notch3 ICD), and Notch target gene Hey1 in PASMCs were upregulated. We further demonstrated that pharmacological inhibition of Notch3 activity by using a γ-secretase inhibitor DAPT, which blocked the cleavage of Notch proteins to ICD peptides, could effectively inhibit PASMC proliferation. Specifically knocked down of Notch3 in rat PASMCs by shRNA restored the abnormal PASMC phenotype in vitro. We found that administration of Notch signaling inhibitor DAPT could successfully reduce mean pulmonary arterial pressure in EUGR rats. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrated that upregulation of Notch3 signaling in PASMCs was crucial for the development of EUGR-induced PAH. Blocking Notch3-Hey1 signaling pathway in PASMCs provides a potential therapeutic target for PAH.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Arterial Pressure
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/genetics
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Caloric Restriction
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Disease Models, Animal
- Growth Disorders/complications
- Growth Disorders/metabolism
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/etiology
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/metabolism
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/pathology
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/physiopathology
- Male
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/pathology
- Pulmonary Artery/physiopathology
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, Notch3/genetics
- Receptor, Notch3/metabolism
- Repressor Proteins/genetics
- Repressor Proteins/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Vascular Remodeling
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Dai S, Dai Y, Peng J, Xie X, Ning J. Simplified colonic dialysis with hemodialysis solutions delays the progression of chronic kidney disease. QJM 2019; 112:189-196. [PMID: 30407603 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcy260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The colon plays a vital role in the disposal of nitrogenous waste products. Therefore, the colon may provide a therapeutic target for managing chronic kidney disease (CKD). AIM To evaluate the efficacy of a simplified model of colonic dialysis with hemodialysis solutions (SCD) to delay the progression of stages 3-5 CKD. DESIGN Retrospective study. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 178 stages 3-5 CKD patients who did or did not receive SCD (SCD group, n = 88; control group, n = 90). The follow-up was 36 months. The outcome of CKD progression was defined as a decrease in 50% or more in estimated glomerular filtration rate, starting hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis or undergoing transplantation. The Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare CKD progression between SCD and control groups as well as between subgroups at different CKD stages. Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for patients' characteristics were used to examine the association between SCD and the outcome. RESULTS For all patients, the outcome was significantly better in SCD group compared to control group (P < 0.05). The results were similar in the subgroups of patients at stage 4 (P = 0.001) and stage 5 (P = 0.000), but not in the subgroup of patients at stage 3 (P = 0.121). For all patients, SCD was associated with a lower risk of CKD progression after adjusted for patients' characteristics (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.373; 95% confidence interval, 0.201-0.694; P 0.002). CONCLUSION SCD is an effective supplementary therapy to delay the progression of stages 4-5 CKD.
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Liu Y, Ma XQ, Sun XH, Dai S, Zhang JF, Li HB, Ma X, Wang JY, Dou Q, Tian JY, Jia JP. [The application of 3D reconstruction in investigating the frontal sinus drainage pathway based on computer tomography data]. LIN CHUANG ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF CLINICAL OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, HEAD, AND NECK SURGERY 2018; 32:171-176. [PMID: 29775014 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:The aim of this study is to explore the value of 3D reconstruction technology based on computer tomography data in understanding the frontal sinus drainage pathway. Method:Three-dimensional reconstruction of DICOM data from 100 cases of sinus CT was performed by using Mimics 19.0 software. The 3D models were used to study types, the relative locations of frontal sinus and recess cells as well as the influence of the frontal sinus drainage pathway. Result:The 3D model of frontal sinus, frontal recess cells and frontal sinus drainage pathway were reconstructed successfully. Among them, the incidence of nasal cavity was 95.5% (191/200), nasal cavity was 31.5% (63/200), nasal cavity on the frontal air room was 24.5% (49/200) supra bulla cells were 54% (108/200), supra bulla frontal cells were 14.5% (29/200), supraorbital ethmoid cells were 20.5% (41/200), and the rate of frontal septal cells were 4% (8/200). It visually demonstrated the relationship between the frontal recess and the frontal sinus drainage channel. Conclusion:The 3D reconstruction technology based on computer tomography data not only helps us to understand the anatomy of the frontal sinus, the relative position of the frontal crypt and the effect on the frontal sinus drainage channel, but also provides a new method for preoperative planning and intraoperative guidance to endoscopic frontal sinus surgery.
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