First Study of Antihyperon-Nucleon Scattering Λ[over ¯]p→Λ[over ¯]p and Measurement of Λp→Λp Cross Section

Using (10.087±0.044)×10^{9} J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII storage ring, the processes Λp→Λp and Λ[over ¯]p→Λ[over ¯]p are studied, where the Λ/Λ[over ¯] baryons are produced in the process J/ψ→ΛΛ[over ¯] and the protons are the hydrogen nuclei in the cooling oil of the beam pipe. Clear signals are observed for the two reactions. The cross sections in -0.9≤cosθ_{Λ/Λ[over ¯]}≤0.9 are measured to be σ(Λp→Λp)=(12.2±1.6_{stat}±1.1_{syst}) and σ(Λ[over ¯]p→Λ[over ¯]p)=(17.5±2.1_{stat}±1.6_{syst})  mb at the Λ/Λ[over ¯] momentum of 1.074  GeV/c within a range of ±0.017  GeV/c, where the θ_{Λ/Λ[over ¯]} are the scattering angles of the Λ/Λ[over ¯] in the Λp/Λ[over ¯]p rest frames. Furthermore, the differential cross sections of the two reactions are also measured, where there is a slight tendency of forward scattering for Λp→Λp, and a strong forward peak for Λ[over ¯]p→Λ[over ¯]p. We present an approach to extract the total elastic cross sections by extrapolation. The study of Λ[over ¯]p→Λ[over ¯]p represents the first study of antihyperon-nucleon scattering, and these new measurements will serve as important inputs for the theoretical understanding of the (anti)hyperon-nucleon interaction.

Photo-induced structural dynamics of o-nitrophenol by ultrafast electron diffraction

The photo-induced dynamics of o-nitrophenol, particularly its photolysis, has garnered significant scientific interest as a potential source of nitrous acid in the atmosphere. Although the photolysis products and preceding photo-induced electronic structure dynamics have been investigated extensively, the nuclear dynamics accompanying the non-radiative relaxation of o-nitrophenol on the ultrafast timescale, which include an intramolecular proton transfer step, have not been experimentally resolved. Herein, we present a direct observation of the ultrafast nuclear motions mediating photo-relaxation using ultrafast electron diffraction. This work spatiotemporally resolves the loss of planarity which enables access to a conical intersection between the first excited state and the ground state after the proton transfer step, on the femtosecond timescale and with sub-Angstrom resolution. Our observations, supported by ab initio multiple spawning simulations, provide new insights into the proton transfer mediated relaxation mechanism in o-nitrophenol.

First Observation of a Three-Resonance Structure in e^{+}e^{-}→Nonopen Charm Hadrons

We report the measurement of the inclusive cross sections for e^{+}e^{-}→nOCH (where nOCH denotes non-open charm hadrons) with improved precision at center-of-mass (c.m.) energies from 3.645 to 3.871 GeV. We observe three resonances: R(3760), R(3780), and R(3810) with significances of 8.1σ, 13.7σ, and 8.8σ, respectively. The R(3810) state is observed for the first time, while the R(3760) and R(3780) states are observed for the first time in the nOCH cross sections. Two sets of resonance parameters describe the energy-dependent line shape of the cross sections well. In set I [set II], the R(3810) state has mass (3805.7±1.1±2.7) [(3805.7±1.1±2.7)]  MeV/c^{2}, total width (11.6±2.9±1.9) [(11.5±2.8±1.9)]  MeV, and an electronic width multiplied by the nOCH decay branching fraction of (10.9±3.8±2.5) [(11.0±3.4±2.5)]  eV. In addition, we measure the branching fractions B[R(3760)→nOCH]=(25.2±16.1±30.4)%[(6.4±4.8±7.7)%] and B[R(3780)→nOCH]=(12.3±6.6±8.3)%[(10.4±4.8±7.0)%] for the first time. The R(3760) state can be interpreted as an open-charm (OC) molecular state, but containing a simple four-quark state component. The R(3810) state can be interpreted as a hadrocharmonium state.

Determination of Spin-Parity Quantum Numbers of X(2370) as 0^{-+} from J/ψ→γK_{S}^{0}K_{S}^{0}η^{'}

Based on (10087±44)×10^{6}  J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector, a partial wave analysis of the decay J/ψ→γK_{S}^{0}K_{S}^{0}η^{'} is performed. The mass and width of the X(2370) are measured to be 2395±11(stat)_{-94}^{+26}(syst)  MeV/c^{2} and 188_{-17}^{+18}(stat)_{-33}^{+124}(syst)  MeV, respectively. The corresponding product branching fraction is B[J/ψ→γX(2370)]×B[X(2370)→f_{0}(980)η^{'}]×B[f_{0}(980)→K_{S}^{0}K_{S}^{0}]=(1.31±0.22(stat)_{-0.84}^{+2.85}(syst))×10^{-5}. The statistical significance of the X(2370) is greater than 11.7σ and the spin parity is determined to be 0^{-+} for the first time. The measured mass and spin parity of the X(2370) are consistent with the predictions of the lightest pseudoscalar glueball.

Observation of Structures in the Processes e^{+}e^{-}→ωχ_{c1} and ωχ_{c2}

We present measurements of the Born cross sections for the processes e^{+}e^{-}→ωχ_{c1} and ωχ_{c2} at center-of-mass energies sqrt[s] from 4.308 to 4.951 GeV. The measurements are performed with data samples corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 11.0  fb^{-1} collected with the BESIII detector operating at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider storage ring. Assuming the e^{+}e^{-}→ωχ_{c2} signals come from a single resonance, the mass and width are determined to be M=(4413.6±9.0±0.8)  MeV/c^{2} and Γ=(110.5±15.0±2.9)  MeV, respectively, which is consistent with the parameters of the well-established resonance ψ(4415). In addition, we also use one single resonance to describe the e^{+}e^{-}→ωχ_{c1} line shape and determine the mass and width to be M=(4544.2±18.7±1.7)  MeV/c^{2} and Γ=(116.1±33.5±1.7)  MeV, respectively. The structure of this line shape, observed for the first time, requires further understanding.

Coupled-Channel Analysis of the χ_{c1}(3872) Line Shape with BESIII Data

We perform a study of the χ_{c1}(3872) line shape using the data samples of e^{+}e^{-}→γχ_{c1}(3872), χ_{c1}(3872)→D^{0}D[over ¯]^{0}π^{0}, and π^{+}π^{-}J/ψ collected with the BESIII detector. The effects of the coupled channels and the off-shell D^{*0} are included in the parametrization of the line shape. The line shape mass parameter is obtained to be M_{X}=(3871.63±0.13_{-0.05}^{+0.06})  MeV. Two poles are found on the first and second Riemann sheets corresponding to the D^{*0}D[over ¯]^{0} branch cut. The pole location on the first sheet is much closer to the D^{*0}D[over ¯]^{0} threshold than the other, and is determined to be 7.04±0.15_{-0.08}^{+0.07}  MeV above the D^{0}D[over ¯]^{0}π^{0} threshold with an imaginary part -0.19±0.08_{-0.19}^{+0.14}  MeV.

Observation of the Anomalous Shape of X(1840) in J/ψ→γ3(π^{+}π^{-}) Indicating a Second Resonance Near pp[over ¯] Threshold

Using a sample of (10087±44)×10^{6}  J/ψ events, which is about 45 times larger than that was previously analyzed, a further investigation on the J/ψ→γ3(π^{+}π^{-}) decay is performed. A significant distortion at 1.84  GeV/c^{2} in the line shape of the 3(π^{+}π^{-}) invariant mass spectrum is observed for the first time, which could be resolved by two overlapping resonant structures, X(1840) and X(1880). The new state X(1880) is observed with a statistical significance larger than 10σ. The mass and width of X(1880) are determined to be 1882.1±1.7±0.7  MeV/c^{2} and 30.7±5.5±2.4  MeV, respectively, which indicates the existence of a pp[over ¯] bound state.

Study of the f_{0}(980) and f_{0}(500) Scalar Mesons through the Decay D_{s}^{+}→π^{+}π^{-}e^{+}ν_{e}

Using e^{+}e^{-} collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 7.33  fb^{-1} recorded by the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies between 4.128 and 4.226 GeV, we present an analysis of the decay D_{s}^{+}→π^{+}π^{-}e^{+}ν_{e}, where the D_{s}^{+} is produced via the process e^{+}e^{-}→D_{s}^{*±}D_{s}^{∓}. We observe the f_{0}(980) in the π^{+}π^{-} system and the branching fraction of the decay D_{s}^{+}→f_{0}(980)e^{+}ν_{e} with f_{0}(980)→π^{+}π^{-} measured to be (1.72±0.13_{stat}±0.10_{syst})×10^{-3}, where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. The dynamics of the D_{s}^{+}→f_{0}(980)e^{+}ν_{e} decay are studied with the simple pole parametrization of the hadronic form factor and the Flatté formula describing the f_{0}(980) in the differential decay rate, and the product of the form factor f_{+}^{f_{0}}(0) and the c→s Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element |V_{cs}| is determined for the first time to be f_{+}^{f_{0}}(0)|V_{cs}|=0.504±0.017_{stat}±0.035_{syst}. Furthermore, the decay D_{s}^{+}→f_{0}(500)e^{+}ν_{e} is searched for the first time but no signal is found. The upper limit on the branching fraction of D_{s}^{+}→f_{0}(500)e^{+}ν_{e}, f_{0}(500)→π^{+}π^{-} decay is set to be 3.3×10^{-4} at 90% confidence level.

Observation of D^{+}→K_{S}^{0}a_{0}(980)^{+} in the Amplitude Analysis of D^{+}→K_{S}^{0}π^{+}η

We perform for the first time an amplitude analysis of the decay D^{+}→K_{S}^{0}π^{+}η and report the observation of the decay D^{+}→K_{S}^{0}a_{0}(980)^{+} using 2.93  fb^{-1} of e^{+}e^{-} collision data taken at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector. As the only W-annihilation-free decay among D to a_{0}(980) pseudoscalar, D^{+}→K_{S}^{0}a_{0}(980)^{+} is the ideal decay in extracting the contributions of the W-emission amplitudes involving a_{0}(980) and to study the final-state interactions. The absolute branching fraction of D^{+}→K_{S}^{0}π^{+}η is measured to be (1.27±0.04_{stat}±0.03_{syst})%. The branching fractions of intermediate processes D^{+}→K_{S}^{0}a_{0}(980)^{+} with a_{0}(980)^{+}→π^{+}η and D^{+}→π^{+}K[over ¯]_{0}^{*}(1430)^{0} with K[over ¯]_{0}^{*}(1430)^{0}→K_{S}^{0}η are measured to be (1.33±0.05_{stat}±0.04_{syst})% and (0.14±0.03_{stat}±0.01_{syst})%, respectively.

Observation of Significant Flavor-SU(3) Breaking in the Kaon Wave Function at 12<Q^{2}<25 GeV^{2} and Discovery of the Charmless Decay ψ(3770)→K_{S}^{0}K_{L}^{0}

We present cross sections for the reaction e^{+}e^{-}→K_{S}^{0}K_{L}^{0} at center-of-mass energies ranging from 3.51 to 4.95 GeV using data samples collected in the BESIII experiment, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 26.5  fb^{-1}. The ratio of neutral-to-charged kaon form factors at large momentum transfers (12 Collapse

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[Effect and mechanism of human adipose-derived stem cell exosomes on diabetic peripheral neuropathy]

Objective: To investigate the changes of artemin protein expression in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and to explore the regulatory effect of human adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) exosomes on the change of artemin protein expression. Methods: This research was a prospective observational clinical research combined with experimental research. Thirteen DPN patients (9 males and 4 females, aged 32 to 68 years) who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University (hereinafter referred to as our hospital) from May 2022 to October 2023 and met the inclusion criteria were selected as DPN group, and 5 non-diabetes patients (4 males and 1 female, aged 29 to 61 years) who were admitted to our hospital in the same period of time and met the inclusion criteria were selected as control group. The toe nerve or sural nerve tissue in the abandoned tissue after debridement or amputation of patients in the two groups was collected. The pathological changes of nerve tissue were observed after hematoxylin-eosin staining; the protein expressions of S100β and artemin in nerve tissue were observed after immunofluorescence staining, and the artemin protein expression was quantified; the protein and mRNA expressions of artemin were detected by Western blotting and real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, respectively (the sample number in DPN group and control group was 13 and 5, respectively). Twelve male C57BL/6 mice aged 3 to 5 days were collected to isolate Schwann cells, and the cells were divided into conventional culture group cultured routinely, high glucose alone group (cultured with high concentration of glucose solution only), and high glucose+exosome group (cultured with high concentration of glucose solution and extracted human ADSC exosomes). After 24 hours of culture, the cell proliferation activity was detected by cell counting kit 8 (n=6). After 48 hours of culture, the protein expression of artemin was detected by Western blotting (n=3). Results: Compared with those in control group, the neural supporting cells decreased and the inflammatory cells increased in the nerve tissue of patients in DPN group, showing typical manifestations of nerve injury. Immunofluorescence staining showed that compared with those in control group, the nuclei was more, and the protein expression of S100β was lower in nerve tissue of patients in DPN group. The protein expression of artemin in nerve tissue of patients in DPN group was 71±31, which was significantly lower than 1 729±62 in control group (t=76.92, P<0.05). Western blotting detection showed that the protein expression of artemin in nerve tissue of patients in DPN group was 0.74±0.08, which was significantly lower than 0.97±0.06 in control group (t=5.49, P<0.05). The artemin mRNA expression in nerve tissue of patients in DPN group was significantly lower than that in control group (t=7.65, P<0.05). After 24 hours of culture, compared with that in conventional culture group, the proliferation activities of Schwann cells in high glucose alone group and high glucose+exosome group were significantly decreased (P<0.05); compared with that in high glucose alone group, the proliferation activity of Schwann cells in high glucose+exosome group was significantly increased (P<0.05). After 48 hours of culture, compared with those in conventional culture group, the protein expressions of artemin of Schwann cells in high glucose alone group and high glucose+exosome group were significantly decreased (P<0.05); compared with that in high glucose alone group, the protein expression of artemin of Schwann cells in high glucose+exosome group was significantly increased (P<0.05). Conclusions: The protein expression of artemin in nerve tissue of DPN patients is lower than that in normal nerve tissue, which may be related to the reduction of proliferation activity of Schwann cells by high glucose. Human ADSC exosomes may improve the proliferation activity of Schwann cells by increasing artemin protein expression, thereby delaying the progression of DPN.

[Marked improvement in rheumatoid lung nodules after treatment with tocilizumab combined with glucocorticoids and leflunomide: a case report and literature review]

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a chronic autoimmune disorder, is characterized by erosive inflammation of bone and cartilage, leading to progressive joint destruction. Pulmonary involvement occurs in approximately 60% of RA patients, manifests most commonly as interstitial lung disease and, less commonly, as rheumatoid lung nodules. Here, we report a 50-year-old woman, non-smoker, with recurrent cough and sputum of 7 years' duration, accompanied by a chest CT showing multiple cavitary nodules in both lungs. She had been treated empirically at several medical centers and was finally diagnosed with rheumatoid lung nodules. Marked improvement in rheumatoid lung nodules was observed after treatment with tocilizumab in combination with glucocorticoids and leflunomide. The aim of this study was to improve clinicians' understanding of rheumatoid lung nodules by analyzing the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of this case, and reviewing the relevant medical literature.

Investigation of the ΔI=1/2 Rule and Test of CP Symmetry through the Measurement of Decay Asymmetry Parameters in Ξ^{-} Decays

Using (10087±44)×10^{6}  J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector, numerous Ξ^{-} and Λ decay asymmetry parameters are simultaneously determined from the process J/ψ→Ξ^{-}Ξ[over ¯]^{+}→Λ(pπ^{-})π^{-}Λ[over ¯](n[over ¯]π^{0})π^{+} and its charge-conjugate channel. The precisions of α_{Λ0} for Λ→nπ^{0} and α[over ¯]_{Λ0} for Λ[over ¯]→n[over ¯]π^{0} compared to world averages are improved by factors of 4 and 1.7, respectively. The ratio of decay asymmetry parameters of Λ→nπ^{0} to that of Λ→pπ^{-}, ⟨α_{Λ0}⟩/⟨α_{Λ-}⟩, is determined to be 0.873±0.012_{-0.010}^{+0.011}, where the first and the second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. The ratio is smaller than unity more than 5σ, which signifies the existence of the ΔI=3/2 transition in Λ for the first time. Besides, we test for CP symmetry in Ξ^{-}→Λπ^{-} and in Λ→nπ^{0} with the best precision to date.

Observation of D_{s}^{+}→η^{'}μ^{+}ν_{μ}, Precision Test of Lepton Flavor Universality with D_{s}^{+}→η^{(')}l^{+}ν_{l}, and First Measurements of D_{s}^{+}→η^{(')}μ^{+}ν_{μ} Decay Dynamics

By analyzing 7.33  fb^{-1} of e^{+}e^{-} annihilation data collected at center-of-mass energies between 4.128 and 4.226 GeV with the BESIII detector, we report the observation of the semileptonic decay D_{s}^{+}→η^{'}μ^{+}ν_{μ}, with a statistical significance larger than 10σ, and the measurements of the D_{s}^{+}→ημ^{+}ν_{μ} and D_{s}^{+}→η^{'}μ^{+}ν_{μ} decay dynamics for the first time. The branching fractions of D_{s}^{+}→ημ^{+}ν_{μ} and D_{s}^{+}→η^{'}μ^{+}ν_{μ} are determined to be (2.235±0.051_{stat}±0.052_{syst})% and (0.801±0.055_{stat}±0.028_{syst})%, respectively, with precision improved by factors of 6.0 and 6.6 compared to the previous best measurements. Combined with the results for the decays D_{s}^{+}→ηe^{+}ν_{e} and D_{s}^{+}→η^{'}e^{+}ν_{e}, the ratios of the decay widths are examined both inclusively and in several ℓ^{+}ν_{ℓ} four-momentum transfer ranges. No evidence for lepton flavor universality violation is found within the current statistics. The products of the hadronic form factors f_{+,0}^{η^{(')}}(0) and the c→s Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element |V_{cs}| are determined. The results based on the two-parameter series expansion are f_{+,0}^{η}(0)|V_{cs}|=0.452±0.010_{stat}±0.007_{syst} and f_{+,0}^{η^{'}}(0)|V_{cs}|=0.504±0.037_{stat}±0.012_{syst}, which help to constrain present models on f_{+,0}^{η^{(')}}(0). The forward-backward asymmetries are determined to be ⟨A_{FB}^{η}⟩=-0.059±0.031_{stat}±0.005_{syst} and ⟨A_{FB}^{η^{'}}⟩=-0.064±0.079_{stat}±0.006_{syst} for the first time, which are consistent with the theoretical calculation.

Determination of the Σ^{+} Timelike Electromagnetic Form Factors

Based on data samples collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, the process e^{+}e^{-}→Σ^{+}Σ[over ¯]^{-} is studied at center-of-mass energies sqrt[s]=2.3960, 2.6454, and 2.9000 GeV. Using a fully differential angular description of the final state particles, both the relative magnitude and phase information of the Σ^{+} electromagnetic form factors in the timelike region are extracted. The relative phase between the electric and magnetic form factors is determined to be sinΔΦ=-0.67±0.29(stat)±0.18(syst) at sqrt[s]=2.3960  GeV, ΔΦ=55°±19°(stat)±14°(syst) at sqrt[s]=2.6454  GeV, and 78°±22°(stat)±9°(syst) at sqrt[s]=2.9000  GeV. For the first time, the phase of the hyperon electromagnetic form factors is explored in a wide range of four-momentum transfer. The evolution of the phase along with four-momentum transfer is an important input for understanding its asymptotic behavior and the dynamics of baryons.

First Measurement of the Decay Asymmetry in the Pure W-Boson-Exchange Decay Λ_{c}^{+}→Ξ^{0}K^{+}

Based on 4.4  fb^{-1} of e^{+}e^{-} annihilation data collected at the center-of-mass energies between 4.60 and 4.70 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, the pure W-boson-exchange decay Λ_{c}^{+}→Ξ^{0}K^{+} is studied with a full angular analysis. The corresponding decay asymmetry is measured for the first time to be α_{Ξ^{0}K^{+}}=0.01±0.16(stat)±0.03(syst). This result reflects the noninterference effect between the S- and P-wave amplitudes. The phase shift between S- and P-wave amplitudes has two solutions, which are δ_{p}-δ_{s}=-1.55±0.25(stat)±0.05(syst)  rad or 1.59±0.25(stat)±0.05(syst)  rad.

[Investigate the role of neutrophil extracellular traps in immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis with programmed death protein-1 inhibitors involvement]

Objective: To investigate the role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis (ICIAM) with programmed death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors involvement, and to explore the therapeutic potential of targeting NETs in the treatment of ICIAM. Methods: Thirty 6-week-old male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group (n=10), myocarditis group (n=10), and treatment group (n=10). Apart from the control group, each mouse was subcutaneously injected with 100 μl of complete Freund's adjuvant containing 250 μg of mouse cardiac troponin I peptide on the 1st and 7th day. Starting on the 8th day, PD-1 inhibitor (15 μg/per mouse) was intraperitoneally injected every other day for a total of 5 times. Since 1 day before the beginning of PD-1+TnI injection, the treatment group was injected with PF-1355 (50 mg·kg-1·d-1) for 16 consecutive days. The mice's general state was observed during the whole process. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RTFQ-PCR) was carried out to evaluate the transcriptional regulation of neutrophil related chemokines, NETs, pyronecrosis related factors and proinflammatory cytokines. Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and western blot were applied to determine the changes of pyrosis related molecules. Echocardiography showed the differences of main cardiac indexes while cardiac pathology compared the degree of inflammatory infiltration in 3 gruops. Results: The immunofluorescence intensity of myocardial NETs in the myocarditis group was significantly increased compared to the control group mice (2.49±0.08 and 0.99±0.26, P<0.001). The protein expression levels of pyroptosis-related NLRP3, cleaved-Caspase 1, Caspase 1, cleaved-GSDMD, GSDMD, IL-1β and IL-18 in myocardial tissue of the model group were higher than those of the control group (all P<0.05). After treatment with PF-1355, compared to the myocarditis group, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (73.58%±5.31% and 58.12%±3.19%, P<0.001) and left ventricular fraction shortening (LVFS) (39.78%±4.31% and 33.89%±2.19%, P<0.001) increased. H-E staining showed a reduction in inflammatory infiltration area in the treatment group compared to the myocarditis group (30.12%±3.57% and 14.92%±2.46%, P<0.001). The immunofluorescence intensity of NETs decreased in the treatment group compared to the myocarditis group (2.52±0.04 and 1.03±0.05, P<0.001). The levels of NLRP3 and other pyroptosis-related molecules were downregulated in the treatment group compared to the myocarditis group (all P<0.05). Conclusions: NETs lead to myocardial cell pyroptosis by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome in PD-1 inhibitor-associated myocarditis. The specific MPO inhibitor PF-1355 shows a therapeutic potential by regulating the formation of NETs, decreasing NLRP3 level and relieving myocardial pyroptosis, thus reducing myocardial damage.

Test of CP Symmetry in Hyperon to Neutron Decays

The quantum entangled J/ψ→Σ^{+}Σ[over ¯]^{-} pairs from (1.0087±0.0044)×10^{10}  J/ψ events taken by the BESIII detector are used to study the nonleptonic two-body weak decays Σ^{+}→nπ^{+} and Σ[over ¯]^{-}→n[over ¯]π^{-}. The CP-odd weak decay parameters of the decays Σ^{+}→nπ^{+} (α_{+}) and Σ[over ¯]^{-}→n[over ¯]π^{-} (α[over ¯]_{-}) are determined to be 0.0481±0.0031_{stat}±0.0019_{syst} and -0.0565±0.0047_{stat}±0.0022_{syst}, respectively. The decay parameter α[over ¯]_{-} is measured for the first time, and the accuracy of α_{+} is improved by a factor of 4 compared to the previous results. The simultaneously determined decay parameters allow the first precision CP symmetry test for any hyperon decay with a neutron in the final state with the measurement of A_{CP}=(α_{+}+α[over ¯]_{-})/(α_{+}-α[over ¯]_{-})=-0.080±0.052_{stat}±0.028_{syst}. Assuming CP conservation, the average decay parameter is determined as ⟨α_{+}⟩=(α_{+}-α[over ¯]_{-})/2=-0.0506±0.0026_{stat}±0.0019_{syst}, while the ratios α_{+}/α_{0} and α[over ¯]_{-}/α[over ¯]_{0} are -0.0490±0.0032_{stat}±0.0021_{syst} and -0.0571±0.0053_{stat}±0.0032_{syst}, where α_{0} and α[over ¯]_{0} are the decay parameters of the decays Σ^{+}→pπ^{0} and Σ[over ¯]^{-}→p[over ¯]π^{0}, respectively.

Measurement of Energy-Dependent Pair-Production Cross Section and Electromagnetic Form Factors of a Charmed Baryon

We study the process e^{+}e^{-}→Λ_{c}^{+}Λ[over ¯]_{c}^{-} at twelve center-of-mass energies from 4.6119 to 4.9509 GeV using data samples collected by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. The Born cross sections and effective form factors (|G_{eff}|) are determined with unprecedented precision after combining the single and double-tag methods based on the decay process Λ_{c}^{+}→pK^{-}π^{+}. Flat cross sections around 4.63 GeV are obtained and no indication of the resonant structure Y(4630), as reported by Belle, is found. In addition, no oscillatory behavior is discerned in the |G_{eff}| energy dependence of Λ_{c}^{+}, in contrast to what is seen for the proton and neutron cases. Analyzing the cross section together with the polar-angle distribution of the Λ_{c}^{+} baryon at each energy point, the moduli of electric and magnetic form factors (|G_{E}| and |G_{M}|) are extracted and separated. For the first time, the energy dependence of the form factor ratio |G_{E}/G_{M}| is observed, which can be well described by an oscillatory function.

[Investigation and analysis of clinical application of stainless steel crowns for primary molars in 2013 and 2022]

Objective: To provide references for the clinical popularization of stainless steel crowns by analyzing the clinical application and affecting factors of stainless steel crowns used in primary molars based on a questionnaire survey. Methods: Pediatric dentists from all over the country in June to December 2013 and June to December 2022 were selected to answer the survey questionnaire through the online or offline methods for analyzing the clinical application and influencing factors of stainless steel crowns used in primary molars. Results: A total of 712 and 580 questionnaires were distributed, and 608 and 512 valid questionnaires were recovered respectively in 2013 and 2022. The effective rates of the questionnaires were 85.4% and 88.3%. Among them, the usage rates of stainless steel crowns in 2013 and 2022 were 52.6% (320/608) and 78.1% (400/512) respectively, with a statistically significant difference (χ2=78.68, P<0.001). The main reasons for not selecting stainless steel crowns in 2013 were high technical sensitivity [52.8% (152/288)], followed by the impact of crown edge on gingiva [50.0% (144/288)] and poor aesthetics [27.8% (80/288)], while in 2022 were the inadequate equipage in hospitals [53.6% (60/112)] and poor aesthetics [21.4% (24/112)]. The main reasons for choosing stainless steel crowns restoration were good protection effect, less tooth fracture [78.1% (250/320) in 2013 and 82.5% (330/400) in 2022], followed by low dropout rate [62.5% (200/320) in 2013 and 68.0% (272/400) in 2022]. The proportions of stainless steel crowns restoration for primary molars after root canal therapy were 51.3% (312/608) and 76.6% (392/512) respectively with statistically significant (χ2=75.88, P<0.001). The proportions after pulp capping treatment for deep caries were 13.2% (80/608) and 53.1% (272/512) respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=206.01,P<0.001). Conclusions: During the 10 years from 2013 to 2022, the technical sensitivity of stainless steel crowns had gradually decreased, and the application in China had gradually increased. However, some hospitals have not yet equipped, which limits the application of stainless steel crowns. Therefore, training efforts should be derived to promote the clinical popularization of stainless steel crowns.

[Analysis of short-term efficacy of perioperative fecal microbiota transplantation combined with nutritional support in patients with radiation-induced enteritis complicated by intestinal obstruction]

Objective: To explore the short-term efficacy of perioperative fecal microbiota transplantation combined with nutritional support in patients with radiation-induced enteritis complicated by intestinal obstruction. Methods: The cohort of this prospective cohort study comprised 45 patients (nine men and 36 women) with radiation-induced enteritis complicated by intestinal obstruction admitted to Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University from January 2022 to October 2022. The median age was 53 (42-65) years. Thirty-five of the patients had gynecological tumors and 10 colorectal malignancies. The patients were randomly allocated to a fecal microbiota transplantation group of 20 patients who underwent fecal microbiota transplantation starting 2 weeks before surgery for 6 days, in addition to receiving conventional perioperative treatment, and a conventional treatment group of 25 patients who only received nutritional support during the perioperative period. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics (sex, age, preoperative nutritional indices, and surgical procedure) between the two groups (all P>0.05). Postoperative recovery (time to passing flatus or a bowel movement, length of stay) and complications were compared between the two groups. Postoperative complications within 30 days after surgery classified in accordance with the international Clavien-Dindo classification of surgical complications (I-V) were statistically analyzed. Improvement in gastrointestinal symptoms, namely abdominal pain, distension, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding) and gastrointestinal quality of life scores (which include 36 problems rated 0-144 points related to physical, psychological, social activities and family life; the lower the score, the more severe the symptoms) were compared between the two groups. Nutritional recovery was assessed by body mass, body mass index, total protein, albumin, prealbumin, and hemoglobin. Results: Compared with the conventional treatment group, the postoperative hospital stay was shorter in the fecal microbiota transplantation group (8.0±4.3 days vs. 11.2±5.4 days, t=2.157, P=0.037) and the time to passage of flatus or having a bowel movement was earlier (2.2±3.2 days vs. 3.9±2.3 days, t=2.072, P=0.044). There were 26 postoperative complications in the fecal microbiota transplantation group and 59 in the conventional treatment group. There were 20 and 36 Grade I to II complications and no and three Grade III to V complications in the transplantation and conventional treatment group, respectively. The overall grade of complication did not differ significantly between the two groups (P=0.544). However, the incidence of postoperative intestinal inflammatory obstruction was lower in the fecal microbiota transplantation than the conventional treatment group (10.0% [2/20] vs. 40.0% [10/25], P=0.040). One patient in the conventional treatment group died. This patient had complete intestinal obstruction complicated by severe malnutrition preoperatively, and an intestinal fistula complicated by abdominal infection postoperatively, and died despite active treatment. Nineteen and 23 patients in the transplantation and conventional treatment group, respectively, attended for follow-up 1 month after surgery; 19 and 21, respectively, attended for follow-up 3 months after surgery, and 17 and 20, respectively, attended for follow-up 6 months after surgery. There were no significant differences between the two groups in abdominal pain or rectal bleeding 1, 3, or 6 months after surgery (all P>0.05). One month after surgery, the incidence of abdominal distension and diarrhea was lower in the fecal microbiota transplantation than in the conventional treatment group (3/19 vs. 48.0% [11/23], P=0.048; 3/19 vs. 52.2% [12/23], P=0.023). However, at the 3 and 6 month follow-ups the incidence of abdominal distension and diarrhea had gradually decreased in both groups and the differences between the groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05 for all). Scores for gastrointestinal quality of life improved significantly in both treatment groups compared with preoperative values (F=71.250, P<0.001; F=79.130, P<0.001, respectively). Scores for gastrointestinal quality of life were higher in the fecal microbiota transplantation than the conventional treatment group at all follow-up time points (P<0.05). One-way ANOVA showed that body mass, body mass index, and total protein, albumin and hemoglobin concentrations improved in both groups compared with preoperative values (all P<0.05). Prealbumin concentration improved significantly in the transplantation (F=5.514, P=0.002), but not in the conventional, group (F=1.535, P=0.211). The improvements in body mass, body mass index, total protein, and albumin were better in the fecal microbiota transplantation than conventional treatment group at 3 and 6 months of follow-up (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Perioperative fecal microbiota transplantation combined with nutritional support is effective in improving early postoperative nutritional status and quality of life in patients with radiation-induced enteritis complicated by intestinal obstruction.

[Expert consensus on endocrine therapy of breast cancer (2023 edition)]

Endocrine therapy is the primary systemic therapy for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, which runs through the whole process of treatment for early and metastatic breast cancer. The development of new endocrine agents and targeted drugs such as cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6(CDK4/6)inhibitors has improved outcome of patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer and changed the treatment landscape. The update of clinical research data provides more treatment options, calling for treatment optimization. Experts had a deep discussion around the hot topics on endocrine therapy of breast cancer, and formulated the'Expert consensus on endocrine therapy of breast cancer (2023 edition)'.This consensus is based on research data worldwide and clinical practice experience, with the aims of standardizing clinical diagnosis and optimizing treatment in neoadjuvant, adjuvant and metastatic setting of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.

Determination of Spin-Parity Quantum Numbers for the Narrow Structure near the pΛ[over ¯] Threshold in e^{+}e^{-}→pK^{-}Λ[over ¯]+c.c

A narrow structure in the pΛ[over ¯] system near the mass threshold, named as X(2085), is observed in the process e^{+}e^{-}→pK^{-}Λ[over ¯] with a statistical significance greater than 20σ. Its spin and parity are determined for the first time to be J^{P}=1^{+} in an amplitude analysis, with a statistical significance greater than 5σ over other quantum numbers (0^{-},1^{-} and 2^{+}). The pole positions of X(2085) are measured to be M_{pole}=(2084_{-2}^{+4}±9)  MeV and Γ_{pole}=(58_{-3}^{+4}±25)  MeV, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second ones are systematic. The analysis is based on the study of the process e^{+}e^{-}→pK^{-}Λ[over ¯] and uses the data samples collected with the BESIII detector at the center-of-mass energies sqrt[s]=4.008, 4.178, 4.226, 4.258, 4.416, and 4.682 GeV with a total integrated luminosity of 8.35  fb^{-1}.

Precise Measurement of the e^{+}e^{-}→D_{s}^{*+}D_{s}^{*-} Cross Sections at Center-of-Mass Energies from Threshold to 4.95 GeV

The process e^{+}e^{-}→D_{s}^{*+}D_{s}^{*-} is studied with a semi-inclusive method using data samples at center-of-mass energies from threshold to 4.95 GeV collected with the BESIII detector operating at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider. The Born cross sections of the process are measured for the first time with high precision in this energy region. Two resonance structures are observed in the energy-dependent cross sections around 4.2 and 4.4 GeV. By fitting the cross sections with a coherent sum of three Breit-Wigner amplitudes and one phase-space amplitude, the two significant structures are assigned masses of (4186.8±8.7±30) and (4414.6±3.4±6.1)  MeV/c^{2}, widths of (55±15±53) and (122.5±7.5±8.1)  MeV, where the first errors are statistical and the second ones are systematic. The inclusion of a third Breit-Wigner amplitude is necessary to describe a structure around 4.79 GeV.

[Comparative study of benign and malignant parotid gland tumors by infrared thermal imaging]

Objective: To analyze the temperature difference of benign and malignant parotid gland tumors in preoperative infrared thermography (IRT), and to provide the basis for predicting tumor properties. Methods: The clinical data of 98 patients with parotid gland tumor admitted to the Department of Oral and maxillofacial Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, from May 2021 to April 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 61 males and 37 females, aged (51.1±16.0) years (10-86 years). In addition to routine examination, the temperature difference between the lesion site of parotid gland and the contralateral mirror area was measured by infrared thermal imager in all patients one day before surgery. The maximum diameter (dmax) and location of the tumor (deep or superficial lobe) were recorded according to preoperative clinical examination and imaging examinations such as CT and ultrasound. The patients were divided into three groups by tumor size: dmax≤2 cm, 2 cm4 cm. The patients were also divided into different groups: deep lobe group and superficial lobe group (according to the tumor location), benign group and malignant group (according to postoperative pathological results). The relationship between temperature difference, pathology, size and location was analyzed. Results: There were 79 cases in the benign group and 19 cases in the malignant group. The temperature difference of the healthy and affected side in the malignant group [(1.73±0.21) ℃] was significantly higher than that in the benign group [(0.73±0.32) ℃] (t=16.70, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in temperature difference between the healthy and affected sides of tumors with different diameters (P>0.05). The temperature difference of healthy and affected side of tumor in superficial lobe [(0.97±0.50) ℃] was significantly higher than that in deep lobe [(0.67±0.44) ℃] (t=2.24, P=0.028). Conclusions: The difference of temperature difference between benign and malignant parotid gland tumors detected by IRT is statistically significant, which can be used to predict tumor properties, and has certain clinical application value.