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Magan T, Thaung C, Vahdani K. Baricitinib-related Eruptive Seborrheic Keratoses. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2022; 38:e161. [PMID: 35420581 DOI: 10.1097/iop.0000000000002194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Heymann WR. Irritated seborrheic keratosis versus squamous cell carcinoma: Circling in on their differentiation. J Am Acad Dermatol 2021; 85:1119-1120. [PMID: 34464623 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Jovic A, Kocic H, Damiani G, Popovic D, Vidovic N, Radevic T, Zlatanovic Z, Popovic D, Tiodorovic D. Unusual Clinical Presentation of Giant Extragenital Condyloma. ACTA DERMATOVENEROLOGICA CROATICA : ADC 2020; 28:240-241. [PMID: 33834999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dear editor, Condylomata accuminatum (CA) is a human papillomavirus (HPV) related sexually transmitted infection (STI), clinically characterized by solitary or even clustered dark red or pink lesions solely affecting the anogenital area (1). CA involving the extragenital, non-mucosal skin has been sporadically reported (2-4). Diagnosis of CA is usually straightforward when the lesions are located on the anogenital area. However, involvement of extragenital skin may pose a diagnostic challenge. Herein, we report a rare case of giant linear extragenital CA without coexisting genital lesions, diagnosed with a synergic intervention of dermatoscopy and clinics. A 70-year-old Caucasian man was referred to our department for an atypical asymptomatic seborrheic keratosis presenting as a linear verrucous plaque (20 × 2 cm) with few solitary reddish satellite papules on the abdomen (Figure 1, a). No similar lesions were present in both cutaneous and mucosal districts. Medical history was unremarkable, and the patient denied having recent sexual intercourse or any history of condylomas. Remarkably, the patient underwent a diet in the last 8 months that resulted in a loss of 30 kg. We employed dermatoscopy to further assess the lesions, highlighting a finger-like pattern on the main lesion (Figure 1, c), while satellite lesions presented a mosaic pattern (Figure 1, b). The clinical appearance and these dermatoscopic findings were suggestive of condyloma acuminatum (CA), but due to its extraordinary presentation we also performed an incisional biopsy. Histopathological examination reviled features compatible with the diagnosis of CA (Figure 1, d, e). To better characterized the HPV genotype (high-risk and low-risk HPV) a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from lesional tissue sample was performed and found HPV type 6 positivity. The lesions were successfully removed by electrosurgery. Regular follow-up was scheduled. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) were also screened, namely syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia trachomatis, and HIV status. In addition, laboratory tests and imaging examinations (radiography of the chest and ultrasound examination of the abdomen) revealed no pathological findings. CA involving the extragenital skin has been reported within intertriginous areas, including the inframammary fold, the groin, and the axillary vault, as well as mucosal surface such as intraoral and conjunctival mucosa (1-5). In most cases, extragenital CA coexisted with genital lesions. Staples et al. reported three obese patients with extragenital CA on the skin of the abdominal pannus (3). However, all of the patients had involvement of the inguinal folds, from where the CA had extended. Generally, CA is acquired by genital, oral, or anal sexual contact. Among the wide spectrum of HPV genotypes, types 6 and 11 are responsible of 90% of CA (1). Our paradigmatic case allows us reflect on the concept of transitory immune dysregulation due to a significant amount of weight loss, and the position of the lesions in particular seems to suggest that frictional triggers may disrupt the barrier integrity, leading to higher probability of infection. Dermoscopy is a noninvasive diagnostic tool with a significant role in the assessment of melanocytic and non-melanocytic skin tumors. Furthermore, the utility of dermatoscopy has expanded to the field of inflammatory and infectious skin disease, where dermoscopy enhances the differential diagnosis between them. Seborrheic keratosis, as the most common benign epithelial tumor, can occur anywhere in the skin excluding the palms, soles, and mucosa (6). In the anogenital area, seborrheic keratosis usually resembles CA. However, dermatoscopically, seborrheic keratosis can be immediately identified by the presence of milia-like cysts, comedo-like openings, fissures, finger-print structures, and sharply demarcated borders (6). In contrast, reports of CA dermoscopy suggested four different dermoscopic patterns: fingerlike, mosaic, knoblike, and the most commonly, an unspecific pattern (7). Our case showed that dermoscopy of extragenital CA presented a mosaic pattern in an early stage of CA, while fully developed lesions revealed a fingerlike pattern, as has previously been reported by Dong et al. (7), where two different stages of clinical development of CA exhibit distinctive dermoscopic patterns, which correlates with our case. We did not observe the typical dermoscopic features of seborrheic keratosis. CA arising in an extragenital area is very rare and perhaps also underestimated. Thus, dermatologists should be aware of this unusual presentation even in the absence of genital HPV involvement. Moreover, dermoscopy may facilitate CA recognition in a such uncommon location. To our knowledge, this is the first report of extragenital condyloma acuminatum documented dermoscopically.
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Pérez-Feal P, Ginarte-Val M, Vázquez-Veiga HA. Derivaciones no justificadas en un servicio de Dermatología: estudio transversal en un hospital de tercer nivel. Aten Primaria 2020; 52:365-366. [PMID: 32143970 PMCID: PMC7231887 DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2019.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Smolyannikova VA, Aleksandrova AK. [Impaired expression of cell-cycle regulatory proteins in seborrheic keratosis]. Arkh Patol 2020; 82:30-34. [PMID: 32307436 DOI: 10.17116/patol20208202130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Seborrheic keratosis (SK) is a benign skin tumor of unknown etiology and pathogenesis. Many details remain unclear despite that there have been a number of studies of cell-cycle abnormalities. AIM to investigate the expression of the cell-cycle regulatory proteins p53 and p16 and the cell proliferation marker Ki-67 in SK. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The investigation used intraoperative SK material obtained from 130 patients. Tumors were removed from UV-exposed parts of the body in 63 (48%) patients and from the places that were more often closed in 67 (51.5%). An immunohistochemical (IHC) study was performed using monoclonal antibodies to p53, p16, and Ki-67. RESULTS A positive reaction with monoclonal antibodies to p53 was recorded in 66 (50.7%) SK samples. In 92.1% of cases, the expression of p53 was found in SK located at the sites that were most exposed to UV radiation (p=0.00001). A positive reaction with monoclonal antibodies to p16 was observed in all SK cases as cytoplasmic staining of more than 50% of the tumor cells: a strong staining in 63 SK samples (overexpression) and a weak staining in 67 SK ones. The level of p16 expression correlated with age (R=0.21; p=0.019) and SK location at the sites exposed to increased insolation (R=0.35; p=0.000038). Overexpressions of p53 and p16 were significantly more commonly recorded in irritated SK. The tumor proliferative activity by the level of Ki-67 expression was low (3.0 to 11.3%). The largest number (8.5±4.8%) of proliferating cells was recorded in irritated SK (p=0.0000001). CONCLUSION The found disorders in the expression of cell-cycle regulatory proteins in SK are suggestive of tumor suppressor activation and keratinocyte senescence. There may be malignant tumor transformation in irritated SK in terms of the significant increase in the expression of p53, p16 in the presence of high cell proliferative activity.
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Meister P, Kelker W, Gößler U, Hammerstingl R, Vogl TJ, Winkelmann R. [Vascularized tumor of the retroauricular skin]. DER PATHOLOGE 2018; 39:330-332. [PMID: 29789864 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-018-0445-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
An 84-year-old female patient with loss of hearing and otorrhoea went to an otolaryngologist. On examination, a polypoid mass in the auditory canal and a retroauricular skin lesion, possibly seborrheic keratosis, were found. Only the skin was submitted for histological examination and showed a cutaneous highly vascular lesion with an associated "zellballen" of clear cells without atypia. The initial diagnosis was that of a cutaneous glomangioma. Immunohistochemical findings favored diagnosis of a paraganglioma. Additional clinical information revealed a large mastoid tumor mass. Therefore, the findings were compatible with an jugulotympanic paraganglioma with infiltration of the overlying skin. This possibility was initially not considered in differential diagnosis, as cutaneous glomangiomas are relatively common (typically located on the hands). Cutaneous paragangliomas, however, are not reported.
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SAVITT LE, OBERMAYER ME. Treatment of acne vulgaris and senile keratosis with vitamin A: results of a clinical experiment. J Invest Dermatol 2004; 14:283-9. [PMID: 15412280 DOI: 10.1038/jid.1950.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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PENSLEY N, SIMS CF. Keratosis senilis with epidermal splits. Its resemblance to Darier's disease and its probable significance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998; 83:951-5. [PMID: 13734158 DOI: 10.1001/archderm.1961.01580120063015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Soini Y, Kamel D, Pääkkö P, Lehto VP, Oikarinen A, Vähäkangas KV. Aberrant accumulation of p53 associates with Ki67 and mitotic count in benign skin lesions. Br J Dermatol 1994; 131:514-20. [PMID: 7947202 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb08552.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Sixty-two skin samples from patients with a variety of benign disorders (20 cases of psoriasis, 14 cases of chronic dermatitis, 11 seborrhoeic keratoses, 11 cases of lichen planus), and seven normal skin samples, were stained immunohistochemically with a polyclonal antibody (CM-1) to p53, and a monoclonal antibody to Ki67, using the avidin-biotin complex method. p53-positive keratinocytes could be found in most of these lesions. The percentage of p53-positive cells was, however, far lower than usually seen in p53-positive malignant tumours. No p53 reactivity was observed in the normal skin samples. Variable Ki67 reactivity was observed in all skin samples. Overall, the number of Ki67-positive cells was higher in skin samples in which the proportion of p53-positive cells was high (> 0.5% of total epidermal cell population) (P = 0.004). This also applied separately to psoriatic and non-psoriatic lesions (P = 0.028 and P = 0.033, respectively). In cases with > 10% of Ki67-positive cells, there were significantly more mitoses (P < 0.001). This association applied to both psoriasis and the other lesions studied (P = 0.024 and P < 0.001, respectively). The results show that immunohistochemically detectable accumulation of p53 is a frequent finding in non-neoplastic skin lesions. As p53 positivity was associated with the proliferation marker Ki67, the accumulation of p53 is possibly a response to an increased proliferation rate of the keratinocytes in these skin diseases, or alternatively it may be associated with apoptosis.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The bcl-2 protein has been shown to suppress apoptosis, and overexpression of the bcl-2 protein has been reported in several malignant tumors. Skin is one of the largest organs in the body, and the most common human malignancies arise from keratinocytes in the epidermis. In this paper, the authors analyzed immunohistochemically the expression of the bcl-2 protein in several keratinocytic (KC) tumors and inflammatory skin disorders to investigate the role of bcl-2 in the development of benign and malignant skin tumors. METHODS Seventy-two frozen tissues from patients with inflammatory KC proliferation (chronic dermatitis [CD] and psoriasis vulgaris [PV]), seborrheic keratosis (SK), carcinoma in situ of KC tumors (actinic keratosis [AK] and Bowen's disease [BD]), basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 2 SCC cell lines, and 20 normal skin were immunostained with an anti-bcl-2 monoclonal antibody. RESULTS Tissue with normal KC, CD, PV, and SK scarcely expressed the bcl-2 protein. Seventy-three percent of tissue with BD, 25% with AK, 67% with BCC, and 100% with SCC showed obvious bcl-2 protein expression. bcl-2 expression of BCC, BD, and SCC was restricted to the involved lesions, and surrounding normal tissue with KCs were bcl-2 negative. Interestingly, tissue with atrophic AK expressed no bcl-2 protein (none of five cases), whereas tissue with hypertrophic AK reacted weakly with the anti-bcl-2 antibody (two of three cases). CONCLUSIONS bcl-2 protein expression in patients with KC may be related to tumorigenic proliferation possibly due to enhanced cell survival, but not when inflammatory proliferation of keratinocytes is present.
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JACKSON R. THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF COMMON BLACK TUMOURS OF THE SKIN. CANADIAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION JOURNAL 1965; 93:658-61. [PMID: 14346465 PMCID: PMC1928780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
The clinical features of the more commonly seen black tumours of the skin are described. In almost all cases it should be possible to distinguish clinically between malignant melanoma and other black lesions. Black tumours are rarely malignant melanomas; most of these lesions are seborrheic keratoses or pigmented nevi.
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POZZI M. [EPITHELIOMATOUS EVOLUTION OF SEBORRHEIC KERATOSIS]. IL POLICLINICO. SEZIONE CHIRURGICA 1965; 72:150-7. [PMID: 14337276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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MORALES A, HU F. SEBORRHEIC VERRUCA AND INTRAEPIDERMAL BASAL CELL EPITHELIOMA OF JADASSOHN. ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY 1965; 91:342-4. [PMID: 14275496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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WAYNE L, MILLER CF, BOWERS RF. GIANT SEBORRHEIC KERATOSIS. TREATED SURGICALLY. ARCHIVES OF SURGERY (CHICAGO, ILL. : 1960) 1964; 89:1116-8. [PMID: 14208463 DOI: 10.1001/archsurg.1964.01320060184034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
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PIERARD J, KINT A. [KERATOSIS SENILIS. HISTOLOGIC AND HISTOCHEMICAL STUDY]. ARCHIVES BELGES DE DERMATOLOGIE ET DE SYPHILIGRAPHIE 1964; 20:137-57. [PMID: 14254861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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KINT A. [HISTOPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF THE DESOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID LEVEL IN KERATOSIS SENILIS]. ARCHIVES BELGES DE DERMATOLOGIE ET DE SYPHILIGRAPHIE 1964; 20:171-4. [PMID: 14254864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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KATZ R, TEBROCK HE. SENILE KERATOSIS: POSSIBLE SYNONYMS. NEW YORK STATE JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 1964; 64:1816-7. [PMID: 14154598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
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ROSENBERG H. SEBORRHEIC KERATOSIS OR BASAL CELL CARCINOMA?A CASE REPORT. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PODIATRY ASSOCIATION 1964; 54:479-80. [PMID: 14177642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
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SUTTON RL, WEAKLEY DR. SEBORRHEIC KERATOSES. REMOVAL BY CURETTAGE. SKIN 1964; 3:166-8. [PMID: 14157423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
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KINT A. Histophotometric Investigation of the Nuclear DNA-Content in Normal Epidermis, Seborrheic Keratosis, Keratosis Senilis, Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Basal Cell Carcinoma**From the Departments of Anatomy and Dermatology, State University Ghent, Ghent, Belgium. J Invest Dermatol 1963; 40:95-100. [PMID: 14032933 DOI: 10.1038/jid.1963.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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DELACRETAZ J. [Verrucose dyskeratomas and dyskeratotic senile keratosis]. DERMATOLOGICA 1963; 127:23-32. [PMID: 14026603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
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CHORZELSKI T. [A case of transition of senile keratosis with dyskeratosis of the Darier disease type into a dyskeratotic spinalioma]. DER HAUTARZT 1963; 14:37-8. [PMID: 14021015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
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HAMBRICK GW, GERSTEIN W, BLOOMBERG R. Studies of inoculability and transplantability of seborrheic keratoses. J Invest Dermatol 1962; 38:219-22. [PMID: 13904066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
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CHORZELSKI T, SARNOWSKA-KLECZEWSKA H. [A case of the transition of senile keratosis with Darier's type of dyskeratosis into dyskeratotic epithelioma (epithelioma dyskeratoticum segregans)]. PRZEGLAD DERMATOLOGICZNY 1962; 49:29-33. [PMID: 13879189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
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