226
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Lernmark A, Freedman ZR, Hofmann C, Rubenstein AH, Steiner DF, Jackson RL, Winter RJ, Traisman HS. Islet-cell-surface antibodies in juvenile diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 1978; 299:375-80. [PMID: 353557 DOI: 10.1056/nejm197808242990802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Using an indirect immunofluorescence test on suspensions of viable, insulin-producing islet cells from rats, we found that 32 per cent (28/88) of insulin-treated patients with juvenile diabetes have islet-cell-surface antibodies in their circulation. These antibodies also occurred in four of nine children with glucose intolerance, in one of 24 healthy children and in nondiabetic children with thyroid disorders. In the diabetic children, the immunofluorescent reaction was inhibited by preadsorption of serum to islet cells but was little affected by preadsorption to rat hepatocytes or erythrocytes or to acetone powders of various rat tissues, including pancreas. These results show that organ-specific, nonspecies-specific antibodies reactive with the cell surface of the islet cells can be present in serum from diabetic children, and provide an approach to investigation of immunopathological aspects of diabetes mellitus.
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227
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Hofmann C. [Internal treatment of vitiligo]. DER HAUTARZT 1978; 29:298-9. [PMID: 659113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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228
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Spiegel H, Plewig G, Hofmann C, Braun-Falco O. [Photoaugmentation. a photobiological phenomenon (author's transl)]. Arch Dermatol Res 1978; 261:189-200. [PMID: 655737 DOI: 10.1007/bf00447164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The phenomenon of photoaugmentation was investigated in 37 male and female patients. UVA, UVB and UVC was applied with a high intensity grafting monochromator. Photoaugmentation could be induced following UVA plus UVB immediately or dissociated up to 3 h, but not after 24 h (15 J/cm2 lambda 351 less than or equal to 389 nm [UVA] + 13 mJ/cm2 lambda 290 less than or equal to 310 nm [UVB] = 1/2 MED). Simarily the reversed application of UVB plus UVA lead to photoaugmentation. With UVA plus UVC, photoaugmentation could not be elicited in every patient. Moreover, photoaugmentation was demonstrated in albino rabbits using a new light apparatus with a liquid filled light conducting core. Photoaugmentation seems to be an important biological phenomenon in association with sunburn, pigmentation, photoxicity, phototherapy, photochemotherapy, and UV-light induced cutaneous premalignanacies and malignancies.
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229
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Plewig G, Hofmann C, Braun-Falco O. Photoallergic dermatitis from 8-methoxypsoralen. Arch Dermatol Res 1978; 261:201-11. [PMID: 148873 DOI: 10.1007/bf00447165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A 36 year old woman with psoriasis vulgaris developed generalized photoallergic dermatitis to 8-methoxypsoralen after 16 uneventful treatments with 8-methoxypsoralen und UVA (PUVA). The diagnosis of photoallergy was confirmed by re-exposure to oral 8-methoxypsoralen and total body UVA irradiation; phototests using topical and oral 8-methoxypsoralen with a high intensity monochromator or with a new high intensity light apparatus for the delivery of UVA; and histological studies. Photoallergy occurred only with UVA, but not with UVB or UVC. There was no photoallergy following trimethylpsoralen.
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230
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Ohgawara H, Carroll R, Hofmann C, Takahashi C, Kikuchi M, Labrecque A, Hirata Y, Steiner DF. Promotion of monolayer formation in cultured whole pancreatic islets by 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1978; 75:1897-900. [PMID: 347449 PMCID: PMC392448 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.75.4.1897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal adult rat islets usually remained intact and encapsulated, even after many days in culture. In contrast, islets cultured in the presence of the phosphodiesterase inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (0.1 mM) attached more readily to the surface of plastic culture dishes and almost uniformly formed monolayers of endocrine cells. The mechanism of this effect is not known but presumably involves increases in cellular cyclic AMP content. Fibroblast growth did not appear to be stimulated by the inhibitor. These adult pancreatic endocrine monolayer cultures can be produced readily and provide useful preparations for further morphological and biochemical studies of factors affecting the differentiation, growth, and regenerative capacity of islet cells.
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231
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Braun-Falco O, Hofmann C, Plewig G. [Photochemotherapy. A new therapeutic principle in the treatment of psoriasis and other skin diseases]. MMW, MUNCHENER MEDIZINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT 1978; 120:401-2. [PMID: 148005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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232
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Hofmann C. [Phototoxic reaction to tetracyclines]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1978; 103:292. [PMID: 627190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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233
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Plewig G, Hofmann C, Braun-Falco O, Nath G, Kreitmair A. A new apparatus for the delivery of high intensity UVA and UVA+UVB irradiation, and some dermatological applications. Br J Dermatol 1978; 98:15-24. [PMID: 626711 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1978.tb07328.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A new apparatus consisting of a 200 W super pressure mercury lamp and a flexible light guide with a liquid light-conducting core is presented. Its transmission for UVA irradiation is more than threefold as compared to conventional quartz fibre optic bundles. The light guide is capable of transmitting density levels exceeding I W/cm2. UVA and UVB are transmitted. By inserting a filter platelet (WG 345) into the light guide the UVB is cut off. The output of the unfiltered guide is 700 mW (3570 mW/cm2), of the filtered guide 400 mW (2040 mW/cm2), centered mainly at 366 nm. The light apparatus proved useful for several dermatological applications. It replaces in many respects conventional Kromayer lamps, especially because the flexible light guide, which is 160 cm long and weighs only 210 g, can be brought into direct contact with the skin. Results of determining the minimal erythema dose (MED), of phototesting (8-MOP photoallergy, persistent light reactor, erythropoietic protoporphyria) and of photochemotherapy are given.
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234
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Haury G, Jordan S, Hofmann C. Experimental investigation of the aerosol-catalyzed oxidation of SO2 under atmospheric conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/0004-6981(78)90208-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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235
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Hofmann C, Plewig G, Braun-Falco O. [Unusual adverse effects of oral photochemotherapy (PUVA-therapy) in psoriasis]. DER HAUTARZT 1977; 28:583-8. [PMID: 599020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In nine of 121 patients unusual side effects of PUVA-therapy were observed: hypertrichosis, subungual hemorrhage of fingernails, nevus spilus-like hyperpigmentation, acneiform eruptions, and a photoallergic dermatitis to 8-methoxypsoralen.
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236
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Barth J, Hofmann C, Fickweiler E. [Studies on the photohemolytic effects of drugs and industrial substances]. DERMATOLOGISCHE MONATSCHRIFT 1977; 163:613-8. [PMID: 913738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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237
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Hofmann C, Burg G, Plewig G, Braun-Falco O. [Photochemotherapy of cutaneous lymphoma: oral and local 8-MOP-UVA treatment (author's transl)]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1977; 102:675-9. [PMID: 142005 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1104951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
8-Methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) and long-wave ultra-violet light (UVA) were administered to 16 patients with mycosis fungoides and to three with other cutaneous lymphomas. Total body clearing was achieved in eleven patients, while temporary recurrences were observed in three, maintenance treatment arresting the recurrences. In the others all treatment failed. Histological and enzyme-cytochemical studies indicate that the histological features under 8-MOP-UVA treatment correspond to those induced by other forms of treatment: a lose enzyme-cytochemically negative lymphocytoid infiltrate remaining around blood vessels, after regression of the skin disease. Oral 8-MOV-UVA treatment (12 patients) proved superior to topical treatment (seven patients), because cutaneous lymphoma is a systemic disease. In mycosis fungoides the mean number of exposures causing clearance of skin lesions and the mean UVA dose (single treatment) were generally less than those for psoriasis vulgaris.
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238
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Braun-Falco O, Hofmann C, Plewig G. [Histopathology and histochemistry of psoriasis under photochemotherapy (author's transl)]. Arch Dermatol Res 1977; 257:307-17. [PMID: 836079 DOI: 10.1007/bf00741848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fifty-two biopsies from involved and clinically normal looking skin of patients with psoriasis vulgaris and from normal control subjects, all being treated with 8-MOP-UVA (PUVA) were obtained between days 2 and 300. The following parameters were investigated: 1. initial PUVA effects; 2. initial regression of psoriasis under PUVA-therapy; 3. late effects of PUVA-therapy on regression of psoriatic lesions; 4. EFFects on melanocytes and pigmentation; and 5. long-term effects of PUVA-therapy. Paraffin embedded and cryostat sections were prepared with routine stains for light microscopy and enzyme histochemical special stains. The regression of psoriatic lesions following PUVA-therapy was separately assessed for epidermal and dermal components. The sequence of events was as follows: re-establishment of a continous stratum granulosum, re-establishment of a continuous normal appearing stratum corneum, regression of acanthosis and papillomatosis, and regression of inflammatory infiltration. During the initial phase of PUVA-therapy there is a sharp increase of melanocytes which leads to a foamy appearance of the basal cell area. Long term studies did not reveal actinic damage of the skin, neither in the epidermis (absence of actinic keratoses or squamous cell carcinomas) nor in the dermis (absence of actinic "solar" elastosis).
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239
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Hofmann C, Plewig G, Braun-Falco O. [Clinical experience with the 8-methoxypsoralen-UVA therapy (photochemotherapy) of psoriasis]. DER HAUTARZT 1976; 27:588-94. [PMID: 1010746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Seventy patients with various forms of psoriasis were treated topically and orally with 8-MOP and UVA in high or low intensity treatment units. Most of the patients were treated with the oral route. Treatment modalities, age distribution, and medical history of psoriasis are compiled. The present investigations are based upon experiences with three treatment units, a horizontal box, a stand-up box, and a hand-foot-box. The mean exposure time and the mean duration of treatment are compared. Advantage and disadvantage of oral vz. topical 8-MOP-UVA-therapy are discussed. The typical treatment-schedule with determination of minimal phototoxic dose, initial treatment and maintenance irradiation are described. Side-effects are reported. A careful selection of patients for PUVA-therapy is stressed. Possible long-term side-effects are considered.
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240
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Barth VJ, Fickweiler E, Hofmann C. [Spectrophotometric studies on the dectection of photosensitizing agents]. DERMATOLOGISCHE MONATSCHRIFT 1976; 162:893-9. [PMID: 1017522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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241
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Hofmann C, Braun-Falco O, Petzoldt D. [Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis Sweet's syndrome]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1976; 101:1113-8. [PMID: 1278055 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1104224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis was diagnosed in three middle-aged women. It started characteristically one to three weeks after infection of the upper respiratory tract with sudden fever and painful, inflammatory, multiform skin lesions. There was marked leucocytosis and neutrophilia. The disease is characterized by dense, perivascular, neutrophil-granulocytic infiltrates associated with lymphocytic-histocytic reactions at the margins. Site and dynamics of the histological changes suggest an immune-complex disease. However, direct immunofluorescence has not given any characteristic findings. In general the prognosis is good, the disease rapidly responding to systemic glucocorticoids. But there are also spontaneous remissions, as in two of the described cases.
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242
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Hofmann C, Plewig G, Braun-Falco O. [Technical experience with 8-methoxypsoralen photochemotherapy in common psoriasis]. DER HAUTARZT 1976; 27:277-85. [PMID: 950302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Photochemotherapy with 8-MOP und UV-A is a modality to treat psoriasis vulgaris successfully. Technical experiences with three types of machines, a horizontal box with Sylvania fluorescent lamps, a stand-up box, and a hand-foot-box with Osram fluorescent lamps are reported. Oral and topical 8-MOP applications are compared for these three types of boxes. Disadvantages of the oral or topical 8-MOP applications are compiled. Oral 8-MOP is superior to the topical treatment in both the stand-up and the horizontal box. The following technical features are discussed: Minimal phototoxic dose, photopigmentation index, radiation-dose, time increments during treatment, maintenance therapy, and UV-A meters.
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243
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Hofmann C, Bouck GB. Immunological and structural evidence for patterned intussusceptive surface growth in a unicellular organism. A postulated role for submembranous proteins and microtubules. J Cell Biol 1976; 69:693-715. [PMID: 818092 PMCID: PMC2109709 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.69.3.693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The surface complex of Euglena has been examined intact and after isolation and purification by the use of mild sonication to disrupt cells. In intact cells the surface complex (pellicle complex) is oriented in a series of parallel ridges and grooves, and possesses among other components a characteristic group of four to seven microtubules. Isolated pellicles retain the ridge and groove pattern but no microtubules are present. Isolates yielded at least three major polypeptides on SDS acrylamide gels; one or more of the polypeptides are postulated to be identical with a submembrane layer present in both intact and isolated pellicles; one polypeptide appears to be in or on the surface membrane. Antibodies directed against the isolated pellicles were conjugated directly or indirectly to fluorescein, latex spheres, or ferritin. In appropriate experiments with these antibody conjugates, it has been found that antigenic sites are immobile and that new antigenic sites (daughter strips) are inserted between parental strips in replicating cells. These results together with direct observation of daughter strips by transmission electron microscopy suggest that surface growth in Euglena occurs by intussusception. Microtubules associated with the pellicle complex are postulated to play a role in the development of new daughter strips, and possibly also in cell movements.
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244
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Hofmann C, Schmidt D, Braun-Falco O. [Porphyria variegata (author's transl)]. MMW, MUNCHENER MEDIZINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT 1975; 117:1969-74. [PMID: 814414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Porphyria variegata, one of the rarer forms of hepatic porphyria, is brought to the attention through presentation of one case. Its clinical and chemical laboratory characteristics are compared with other hepatic porphyrias and pathogenesis, hereditary transmission and therapy are gone into.
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245
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Braun-Falco O, Hofmann C. [The Goltz-Gorlin syndrome. Review and case reports]. DER HAUTARZT 1975; 26:393-400. [PMID: 1176285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A case of Goltz-Gorlin-Syndrom (GGS) is reported with ectodermal and mesodermal defects. Differential diagnoses were: congenital poikilodermias, naevus lipomatodes cutaneous superficialis (Hoffmann-Zurhelle) and incontinentia pigmenti. Clinical aspects, histopathology, pathogenesis, genetics, and chromosomal patterns are compiled and the cases reviewed which were reported until 1974.
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246
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Witzel O, Hofmann C. Die Gastroenterostomosis, Gastrostomosis und ihre Verbindung zur Gastroenterostomosis externa (Fortsetzung aus No. 19.). Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1900. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1203838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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247
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Witzel O, Hofmann C. Die Gastroenterostomosis, Gastrostomosis und ihre Verbindung zur Gastroenterostomosis externa. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1900. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1203827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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248
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Witzel O, Hofmann C. Die Gastroenterostomosis, Gastrostomosis und ihre Verbindung zur Gastroenterostomosis externa (Schluss aus No. 20.). Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1900. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1203848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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249
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Hofmann C. Ueber das Sackdivertikel des Oesophagus und seine chirurgische Radicalbehandlung mit vorausgeschickter Gastrostomose 1). Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1899. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1200403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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