In vitro free radical scavenging activity of methanol extract of the leaves of Mimusops elengi Linn

In the present study, antioxidant potential of the methanol extract of the leaves of Mimusops elengi Linn. was evaluated by using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay, reducing power and total antioxidant capacity. The extract showed significant activities in all antioxidant assays compared to the reference antioxidant ascorbic acid in a dose dependent manner. In DPPH scavenging assay the IC50 value of the extract was found to be 43.26μg/ml while the IC50 value of the reference standard ascorbic acid was 58.92 μg/ml. Total antioxidant activity was also found to increase in a dose dependent manner. Moreover, M. elengi extract showed strong reducing power. These results suggest that Mimusops elengi may act as a chemopreventative agent, providing antioxidant properties and offering effective protection from free radicals. Key words: Mimusops elengi, antioxidant, reducing power, total antioxidant capacity, reactive oxygen species   doi: 10.3329/bjvm.v6i2.2336 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2008). 6 (2): 197-202

Determination of Efficacy of Thermostable PPR Live Homologous Vaccine Incubated at Room Temperature for 14 Days

The study was undertaken during the period from July to November 2005, for the first time, to determine the efficacy of thermostable PPR vaccine incubated at -20°C and room temperature (RT) for 14 days which was developed by Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka, in collaboration with and Livestock Research Institute (LRI), Mohakhali, Dhaka. A total of 80 healthy goats of both sexes, aged between 8 to 36 months were divided into three groups as A, B and C. Group A and B comprised of 30 goats each and received thermostable PPR vaccine kept at -20°C and at room temperature (RT) respectively for 14 days, at a dose rate of 1 ml (4 Log10 TCID50 / ml) per goat subcutaneously while group C comprising 20 goats served as non-vaccinated control. At 30 days postvaccination, 3 goats from each vaccinated and non-vaccinated group were challenged with 1 ml (5 GID50) of virulent PPR virus per goat subcutaneously in the mid cervical region. Sera samples were collected from all the groups at pre- and post-vaccination (15 and 30 days postvaccination) and were tested for anti-PPR antibody by competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (C-ELISA). In case of group A, average percent inhibition (PI) values of the sera samples at prevaccination and at 15- and 30 days post vaccination were 11.0 ± 5.7, 62.8 ± 9.9 and 81.5 ±5.9 respectively and in case of group B, were 10.0 ± 4.1, 60.7 ± 9.4 and 79.3 ± 7.2 respectively, which were significantly (p < 0.01) higher than those of non-vaccinated control goats (6.3 ± 3.4, 10.2 ± 3.3 and 13.6 ± 3.7 respectively). The titres of vaccinated goats gradually increased until 30 days postvaccination. The challenge test with virulent PPR virus at 30 days post vaccination showed that the thermostable PPR vaccine with both incubation temperatures at -20°C and RT for 14 days protected all the goats (100%) of groups A and B respectively while all the non-vaccinated control goats were not protected after challenge showing clinical signs of PPR and / or mortality. From the above findings it may be concluded that the thermostable PPR vaccine can be kept at normal environmental temperature (25°-30°C) as long as 14 days without loss of its potency and may be used to prevent PPR in goats in field condition.Key Words: Thermostable PPR vaccine, efficacy, C-ELISAdoi:10.3329/bjvm.v4i1.1524 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2006). 4 (1): 43-46

Frequency & pattern of malignancy in solitary thyroid nodule

This cross sectional study done in the department of Banghabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University and Dhaka Medical College Hospital during the period of July 2005 to October 2007 to determine frequency & pattern of malignancy in solitary thyroid nodule. For this study, 118 patients who were diagnosed as a case of malignancy in solitary thyroid nodule by detailed history, clinical examination, thyroid hormone assay, ultrasonogram, thyroid scan, FNAC and histopathological examination, were collected. In this study majority of the patients were within 21-40 years of age. Frequency of solitary thyroid nodule is more in female with male female ratio 1: 2.11 Majority of the nodules were firm (72.03%), others were hard (16.95%) and cystic (11.02%). Malignant lesion was more common in hard nodule (70%). Most of the nodules were cold (66.10%) among them 25.6% cases were malignant, followed by warm (30.5%) and hot (3.3%). No malignancy was found in hot nodule. FNAC showed colloid nodule (44%), cellular follicular lesion (29.66%), papillary carcinoma (12.7%), colloid degeneration (4.2%) and medullary carcinoma (1.6%) Out of 118 patients, histopathologically non malignant were 96 (81.35%) and malignant were 22(18.65%). Among malignant cases, 16 (72.72%) cases were papillary carcinoma, 4 (18.18%) cases were follicular carcinoma and 2(9.1%) cases were medullary carcinoma. Key words: Solitary thyroid nodule, FNAC, Papillary carcinoma, Follicular carcinomaDOI: 10.3329/bjo.v15i1.4303 Bangladesh J of Otorhinolaryngology 2009; 15(1): 1-5