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La Joie R, Perrotin A, de La Sayette V, Egret S, Doeuvre L, Belliard S, Eustache F, Desgranges B, Chételat G. Hippocampal subfield volumetry in mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease and semantic dementia. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2013; 3:155-62. [PMID: 24179859 PMCID: PMC3791274 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2013.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Hippocampal atrophy is a well-known feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but sensitivity and specificity of hippocampal volumetry are limited. Neuropathological studies have shown that hippocampal subfields are differentially vulnerable to AD; hippocampal subfield volumetry may thus prove to be more accurate than global hippocampal volumetry to detect AD. Methods CA1, subiculum and other subfields were manually delineated from 40 healthy controls, 18 AD, 17 amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI), and 8 semantic dementia (SD) patients using a previously developed high resolution MRI procedure. Non-parametric group comparisons and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were conducted. Complementary analyses were conducted to evaluate differences of hemispheric asymmetry and anterior-predominance between AD and SD patients and to distinguish aMCI patients with or without β-amyloid deposition as assessed by Florbetapir-TEP. Results Global hippocampi were atrophied in all three patient groups and volume decreases were maximal in the CA1 subfield (22% loss in aMCI, 27% in both AD and SD; all p < 0.001). In aMCI, CA1 volumetry was more accurate than global hippocampal measurement to distinguish patients from controls (areas under the ROC curve = 0.88 and 0.76, respectively; p = 0.05) and preliminary analyses suggest that it was independent from the presence of β-amyloid deposition. In patients with SD, whereas the degree of CA1 and subiculum atrophy was similar to that found in AD patients, hemispheric and anterior–posterior asymmetry were significantly more marked than in AD with greater involvement of the left and anterior hippocampal subfields. Conclusions The findings suggest that CA1 measurement is more sensitive than global hippocampal volumetry to detect structural changes at the pre-dementia stage, although the predominance of CA1 atrophy does not appear to be specific to AD pathophysiological processes. Using 3 T MRI, hippocampal subfields were measured in aMCI, AD and SD and controls. CA1 atrophy was found to be predominant in all patient groups. CA1 volume was the best discriminating measure between controls and aMCI patients. AD and SD differed in asymmetry and anterior-predominance, not in subfield atrophy.
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Key Words
- AD, Alzheimer's disease
- ANOVA, Analysis of variance
- AUC, Area Under the receiver operating characteristic Curve
- Alzheimer's disease
- Aβ, β-amyloid
- CA1
- HC, healthy controls
- Hippocampal subfields
- MRI, Magnetic resonance imaging
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)
- NFT, neurofibrillary tangles
- PET, Positon Emission Tomography
- ROC, receiver operating characteristic
- SUVr, Standardized Uptake Value ratio
- Semantic dementia
- TIV, Total intracranial volume
- aMCI, amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment
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Chetelat G, Doeuvre L, Gaubert M, Landeau B, La Joie R, Mézenge F, Perrotin A, Eustache F, Desgranges B. IC‐P‐075: Alzheimer's disease ‘brainprint’: How to use information from the whole brain to detect Alzheimer's disease before dementia. Alzheimers Dement 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2013.05.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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228
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Perrotin A, Mézenge F, La Sayette V, La Joie R, Doeuvre L, Eustache F, Desgranges B, Chételat G. P1–189: Neuropsychological and neuroimaging differences between individuals with subjective cognitive decline recruited from memory clinic versus from the general population. Alzheimers Dement 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2013.05.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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229
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La Joie R, Desgranges B, Perrotin A, Landeau B, Bejanin A, Pélerin A, Mézenge F, Belliard S, La Sayette V, Eustache F, Chételat G. P2–117: Metabolic abnormalities in Alzheimer's disease and semantic dementia involve distinct functional networks overlapping in the hippocampus. Alzheimers Dement 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2013.05.761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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230
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La Joie R, Desgranges B, Perrotin A, Landeau B, Bejanin A, Pélerin A, Mézenge F, Belliard S, La Sayette V, Eustache F, Chételat G. IC‐P‐202: Metabolic abnormalities in Alzheimer's disease and semantic dementia involve distinct functional networks overlapping in the hippocampus. Alzheimers Dement 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2013.05.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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231
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Arenaza-Urquijo EM, Landeau B, La Joie R, Mevel K, Mézenge F, Perrotin A, Desgranges B, Bartrés-Faz D, Eustache F, Chételat G. Relationships between years of education and gray matter volume, metabolism and functional connectivity in healthy elders. Neuroimage 2013; 83:450-7. [PMID: 23796547 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
More educated elders are less susceptible to age-related or pathological cognitive changes. We aimed at providing a comprehensive contribution to the neural mechanism underlying this effect thanks to a multimodal approach. Thirty-six healthy elders were selected based on neuropsychological assessments and cerebral amyloid imaging, i.e. as presenting normal cognition and a negative florbetapir-PET scan. All subjects underwent structural MRI, FDG-PET and resting-state functional MRI scans. We assessed the relationships between years of education and i) gray matter volume, ii) gray matter metabolism and iii) functional connectivity in the brain areas showing associations with both volume and metabolism. Higher years of education were related to greater volume in the superior temporal gyrus, insula and anterior cingulate cortex and to greater metabolism in the anterior cingulate cortex. The latter thus showed both volume and metabolism increases with education. Seed connectivity analyses based on this region showed that education was positively related to the functional connectivity between the anterior cingulate cortex and the hippocampus as well as the inferior frontal lobe, posterior cingulate cortex and angular gyrus. Increased connectivity was in turn related with improved cognitive performances. Reinforcement of the connectivity of the anterior cingulate cortex with distant cortical areas of the frontal, temporal and parietal lobes appears as one of the mechanisms underlying education-related reserve in healthy elders.
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Chételat G, La Joie R, Villain N, Perrotin A, de La Sayette V, Eustache F, Vandenberghe R. Amyloid imaging in cognitively normal individuals, at-risk populations and preclinical Alzheimer's disease. Neuroimage Clin 2013; 2:356-65. [PMID: 24179789 PMCID: PMC3777672 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2013.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 02/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments of PET amyloid ligands have made it possible to visualize the presence of Aβ deposition in the brain of living participants and to assess the consequences especially in individuals with no objective sign of cognitive deficits. The present review will focus on amyloid imaging in cognitively normal elderly, asymptomatic at-risk populations, and individuals with subjective cognitive decline. It will cover the prevalence of amyloid-positive cases amongst cognitively normal elderly, the influence of risk factors for AD, the relationships to cognition, atrophy and prognosis, longitudinal amyloid imaging and ethical aspects related to amyloid imaging in cognitively normal individuals. Almost ten years of research have led to a few consensual and relatively consistent findings: some cognitively normal elderly have Aβ deposition in their brain, the prevalence of amyloid-positive cases increases in at-risk populations, the prognosis for these individuals is worse than for those with no Aβ deposition, and significant increase in Aβ deposition over time is detectable in cognitively normal elderly. More inconsistent findings are still under debate; these include the relationship between Aβ deposition and cognition and brain volume, the sequence and cause-to-effect relations between the different AD biomarkers, and the individual outcome associated with an amyloid positive versus negative scan. Preclinical amyloid imaging also raises important ethical issues. While amyloid imaging is definitely useful to understand the role of Aβ in early stages, to define at-risk populations for research or for clinical trial, and to assess the effects of anti-amyloid treatments, we are not ready yet to translate research results into clinical practice and policy. More researches are needed to determine which information to disclose from an individual amyloid imaging scan, the way of disclosing such information and the impact on individuals and on society.
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Harand C, Bertran F, La Joie R, Landeau B, Mézenge F, Desgranges B, Peigneux P, Eustache F, Rauchs G. The hippocampus remains activated over the long term for the retrieval of truly episodic memories. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43495. [PMID: 22937055 PMCID: PMC3427359 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the hippocampus in declarative memory consolidation is a matter of intense debate. We investigated the neural substrates of memory retrieval for recent and remote information using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). 18 young, healthy participants learned a series of pictures. Then, during two fMRI recognition sessions, 3 days and 3 months later, they had to determine whether they recognized or not each picture using the "Remember/Know" procedure. Presentation of the same learned images at both delays allowed us to track the evolution of memories and distinguish consistently episodic memories from those that were initially episodic and then became familiar or semantic over time and were retrieved without any contextual detail. Hippocampal activation decreased over time for initially episodic, later semantic memories, but remained stable for consistently episodic ones, at least in its posterior part. For both types of memories, neocortical activations were observed at both delays, notably in the ventromedial prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices. These activations may reflect a gradual reorganization of memory traces within neural networks. Our data indicate maintenance and strengthening of hippocampal and cortico-cortical connections in the consolidation and retrieval of episodic memories over time, in line with the Multiple Trace theory (Nadel and Moscovitch, 1997). At variance, memories becoming semantic over time consolidate through strengthening of cortico-cortical connections and progressive disengagement of the hippocampus.
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La Joie R, Perrotin A, La Sayette V, Belliard S, Eustache F, Desgranges B, Chetelat G. P4‐174: The IMAP project: Hippocampal subfields atrophy in mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease and semantic dementia. Alzheimers Dement 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2012.05.1878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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235
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Fouquet M, Desgranges B, La Joie R, Rivière D, Mangin JF, Landeau B, Mézenge F, Pélerin A, de La Sayette V, Viader F, Baron JC, Eustache F, Chételat G. Role of hippocampal CA1 atrophy in memory encoding deficits in amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. Neuroimage 2011; 59:3309-15. [PMID: 22119654 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Revised: 10/06/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying the specific substrates of memory deficits in early Alzheimer's disease would help to develop clinically-relevant therapies. The present study assesses the relationships between encoding versus retrieval deficits in patients with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI) and atrophy specifically within the hippocampus and throughout the white matter. Twenty-two aMCI patients underwent T1-weighted MRI scans and neuropsychological testing. Grey matter and white matter segments obtained from the MRI images were each entered in correlation analyses, assessed only in the hippocampus for grey matter segments, with encoding and retrieval memory performances. For the grey matter segments, the resulting spmT correlation maps were then superimposed onto a 3D surface view of the hippocampus to identify the relative involvement of the different subfields, a method already used and validated elsewhere. Memory encoding deficits specifically correlated with CA1 subfield atrophy, while no relationship was found with white matter atrophy. In contrast, retrieval deficits were weakly related to hippocampal atrophy and did not involve a particular subfield, while they strongly correlated with loss of white matter, specifically in medial parietal and frontal areas. In aMCI patients, encoding impairment appears specifically related to atrophy of the CA1 hippocampal subfield, consistent with the predominance of encoding deficits and CA1 atrophy in aMCI. In contrast, episodic retrieval deficits seem to be underlain by more distributed tissue losses, consistent with a disruption of a hippocampo-parieto-frontal network.
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Chételat G, La Joie R, Mevel K, Mézenge F, Landeau B, Fouquet M, Villain N, Abbas A, Perrotin A, Pélerin A, Viader F, Camus V, La Sayette V, Barré L, Guilloteau D, Eustache F, Desgranges B. P1‐306: The IMAP* project: Comparing information from different neuroimaging techniques in two cases with mild cognitive impairment. Alzheimers Dement 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2011.05.585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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237
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Mevel K, Landeau B, Egret S, Fouquet M, La Joie R, Mézenge F, Perrotin A, Villain N, Eustache F, Desgranges B, Chetelat G. P2‐348: The IMAP* project: Relationships between cerebral and cognitive resting state activities in normal aging. Alzheimers Dement 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2011.05.1225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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238
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Perrotin A, Desgranges B, Duval C, La Joie R, Mézenge F, Landeau B, Pélerin A, La Sayette V, Barré L, Eustache F, Chételat G. P4‐111: The IMAP project: How does the awareness of memory deficits evolve in the course of Alzheimer's disease? Insights from its relationships to PET β‐amyloid and metabolism measurements. Alzheimers Dement 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2011.05.2132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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239
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Fouquet M, Desgranges B, La Joie R, Rivière D, Landeau B, Mézenge F, La Sayette V, Viader F, Mangin J, Baron J, Eustache F, Chételat G. IC‐P‐163: A specific relationship between hippocampal CA1 subfield atrophy and episodic memory encoding in amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Alzheimers Dement 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2011.05.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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240
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La Joie R, Clovis T, Mézenge F, Camus V, Perrotin A, Ribeiro M, Landeau B, Ibazizene M, Guilloteau D, Barré L, La Sayette V, Abbas A, Eustache F, Desgranges B, Chetelat G. P4‐061: The IMAP* project: Relative degrees of regional grey matter atrophy, hypometabolism and β‐amyloid deposition in Alzheimer's disease assessed through multimodal neuroimaging. Alzheimers Dement 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2011.05.2081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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241
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Fouquet M, Desgranges B, La Joie R, Rivière D, Landeau B, Mézenge F, La Sayette V, Viader F, Mangin J, Baron J, Eustache F, Chételat G. P4‐094: A specific relationship between hippocampal CA1 subfield atrophy and episodic memory encoding in amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Alzheimers Dement 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2011.05.2115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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242
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La Joie R, Clovis T, Mézenge F, Camus V, Perrotin A, Ribeiro M, Landeau B, Ibazizene M, Guilloteau D, Barré L, La Sayette V, Abbas A, Eustache F, Desgranges B, Chetelat G. IC‐01‐02: The IMAP* Project: Relative Degrees of Regional Grey Matter Atrophy, Hypometabolism and B‐Amyloid Deposition in Alzheimer's Disease Assessed Through Multimodal Neuroimaging. Alzheimers Dement 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2011.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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243
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Chételat G, La Joie R, Mevel K, Mézenge F, Landeau B, Fouquet M, Villain N, Abbas A, Perrotin A, Pélerin A, Viader F, Camus V, La Sayette V, Barré L, Guilloteau D, Eustache F, Desgranges B. IC‐P‐036: The IMAP* project: Comparing information from different neuroimaging techniques in two cases with mild cognitive impairment. Alzheimers Dement 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2011.05.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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244
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Villain N, Desgranges B, Morel N, Mézenge F, La Joie R, Fouquet M, Katell M, Perrotin A, Landeau B, La Sayette V, Viader F, Eustache F, Chételat G. P4‐117: The IMAP project ‐ The paradox of the posterior cingulate cortex in Alzheimer's disease: Atrophic, hypometabolic, but still able to show preserved fMRI activity during a self‐related task. Alzheimers Dement 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2011.05.2138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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245
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La Joie R, Fouquet M, Mézenge F, Landeau B, Villain N, Mevel K, Pélerin A, Eustache F, Desgranges B, Chételat G. Differential effect of age on hippocampal subfields assessed using a new high-resolution 3T MR sequence. Neuroimage 2010; 53:506-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2010] [Revised: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 06/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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246
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Groussard M, La Joie R, Rauchs G, Landeau B, Chételat G, Viader F, Desgranges B, Eustache F, Platel H. When music and long-term memory interact: effects of musical expertise on functional and structural plasticity in the hippocampus. PLoS One 2010; 5. [PMID: 20957158 PMCID: PMC2950159 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2010] [Accepted: 09/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of musical skills by musicians results in specific structural and functional modifications in the brain. Surprisingly, no functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study has investigated the impact of musical training on brain function during long-term memory retrieval, a faculty particularly important in music. Thus, using fMRI, we examined for the first time this process during a musical familiarity task (i.e., semantic memory for music). Musical expertise induced supplementary activations in the hippocampus, medial frontal gyrus, and superior temporal areas on both sides, suggesting a constant interaction between episodic and semantic memory during this task in musicians. In addition, a voxel-based morphometry (VBM) investigation was performed within these areas and revealed that gray matter density of the hippocampus was higher in musicians than in nonmusicians. Our data indicate that musical expertise critically modifies long-term memory processes and induces structural and functional plasticity in the hippocampus.
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