Monotonicity Analysis and the Reduced Gradient Method in Constrained Optimization

The concept of monotonicity analysis is combined with the reduced gradient technique for design optimization. The combination is based on a strategy for applying monotonicity analysis in specified search directions and incorporates this strategy into an iterative procedure for identifying the active inequality constraints in an optimization problem. As the active constraints are identified, the reduced gradient information based on these constraints forms the basis for a variable metric search leading to the constrained optimum. Test results are presented which indicate the performance of two different algorithms using this approach.

Studies on antihepatitic drugs. Total synthesis of (+/-)schizandrin C and its analogs

This paper reports the total synthesis of (+/-) schizandrin, C, namely 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1, 12-dimethoxy-2, 3, 10, 11-bismethylenedioxy-6, 7-cis-dimethyldibenzo (a, c) cyclooctene (12B), a new active SGPT lowering principle isolated from the Chinese medical plant Schizandra chinensis, and its 6, 7-trans-dimethyl isomer (16B). We also synthesized two more isomers, namely 5, 6, 7, 8-tetrahydro-3, 10-dimethoxy-1, 2, 11, 12-bismethylenedioxy-6, and 7-cis-(and trans-) dimethyldibenzo (a, c) cyclooctene (12A and 16A). The NMR, UV and mass spectra of these four isomers are discussed. IR (in chloroform), UV, NMR and MS of synthetic schizandrin C (12B) are identical with those of the natural compound.

Two new SiC polytypes belonging to the [(44) n 43]3 structure family

Using a modified Laue method as well as electron diffraction and lattice image methods, two new poly types of SiC, 93R and 261R, have been found which belong to a new structure family [(44) n 43]3 based on 8H (44) stacking.