Calcium score of coronary artery stratifies the risk of obstructive coronary artery diseases

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

Coronary heart disease is a major health problem in Malaysia with high morbidity and mortality. Common primary screening tool of cardiovascular risk stratification is exercise treadmill test (ETT). This communication is to determine the performance of coronary artery calcium score a new method to stratify the presence of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) in comparison to traditional ETT in patients having coronary artery diseases.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Patients between 30 to 60 years old attended the ETT to screen for ischemic heart disease were recruited for Agatston coronary artery calcium score (CACS) of multi-sliced computed tomography (MSCT). Subsequently all patients underwent a full MSCT coronary angiography. The major determinant was the state of CAD whether obstructive (50% stenosis or more) or non-obstructive (less than 50% stenosis). All patients diagnosed with obstructive CAD on MSCT coronary angiogram were subjected to invasive coronary angiogram (ICA) to confirm the findings and planned the need for revascularization.

RESULTS

The CACS was 100% sensitivity and 97.5% specificity in detecting obstructive CAD at the optimal cut-off value of 106.5 and above. The positive predictive value (PPV) at CACS ≥ 106 was 71.4% and the negative predictive value (NPV) was consistent at 100%. Compare to ETT, the CACS discriminative value and diagnostic performance was much better (PPV 71.4% vs. 45.5%), respectively.

CONCLUSION

CACS can be a good diagnostic screening tool in patients suspected of CAD, and particularly within the non-diagnostic ETT subgroup with low to moderate cardiovascular risks.

Production and Export of Shrimp of Bangladesh : Problems and Prospects

A study on problems and prospects of shrimp production and marketing from Bangladesh on the basis of secondary information was carried out from July to October 08. Shrimp farming has emerged one of the important economic activities in Bangladesh and become the second largest export industry after garments. Shrimp aquaculture in coastal areas plays a major role providing employment, income and food security to remote coastal people where alternative livelihood options are limited. Shrimp culture system is extensive to improved extensive type with total production of 55000 mt of brackish water shrimp and 12000 mt of freshwater shrimp. In coastal Bangladesh, shrimp culture has led to many social and environmental problems. In export markets, shrimps are great but many challenges remain ahead because of increasing requirements of quality, food hygiene and development of technological and trade barriers in large shrimp markets in USA and EU countries. However, challenges lies with good aquaculture practice and competitive export, which are the effective tools for poverty alleviation and national development program for Bangladesh.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v20i1-2.16868 Progress. Agric. 20(1 & 2): 163 – 171, 2009

Antibiotic and Herbal Sensitivity of Some Aeromonas sp. Isolates Collected from Diseased Carp Fishes

Studies were conducted to identify Aeromonas sp. isolates collected from disease affected carp fishes (Cyprinus carpio and Labeo rohita), their antibiotic sensitivity pattern and sensitivity to 121 herb extracts. A total of 19 Aeromonas sp. isolates were identified from a total of 84 different isolates through a series of physiological, morphological and biochemical tests. Seven antibiotics viz., streptomycin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, sulphamethoxazole, cephradine, oxytetracycline and gentamycin were tested by disc diffusion method where all of the Aeromonas sp. isolates were found sensitive to streptomycin, erythromycin and gentamycin. But, 78.95% of the isolates were found resistant to oxytetracycline. In addition, 5%, 11%, and 16% isolates exhibited resistance to chloramphenicol, cephradine and sulphamethoxazole, respectively. Twenty one percent of the isolates showed multiple resistance to the antibiotics. A total of 121 herb extracts were evaluated for their sensitivity to the fish pathogenic Aeromonas sp. isolates. Among these, 23 herbs were found to possess antimicrobial activity. Leaf extracts of Eugenia caryophyllus, Spondias pinnata and Terminalia chebula were found to inhibit the growth of all the Aeromonas sp. isolates. In this study, multiple antibiotic resistant isolates were also found to be sensitive to several herb extracts. Thus, herbal treatment would promise a greater viable solution for effective treatment of fish disease.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v21i1-2.16758 Progress. Agric. 21(1 & 2): 117 - 129, 2010

Cutaneous metastatic adenocarcinoma - a case report

Cutaneous metastases from carcinoma are relatively uncommon in clinical practice but they are very important to recognize. Cutaneous metastases may herald the diagnoses, can lead to accurate diagnoses and timely treatment. A high index of suspicion is required because the clinical finding may be subtle. The patient of cutaneous metastases may present with rapidly developing nodules or tumors. Although asymptomatic in most instances, Pain and tenderness may be noted. Here we described a 38 year old male who presented with fever, anorexia, weight loss and multiple painful nodules, plaques and tumors on his scalp, face, upper trunk and proximal portion of the upper limbs. This case present with cutaneous metastatic adenocarcinoma with atypical presentation and detection of cutaneous metastasis before primary tumor detection.

Live worm in gallbladder: a case report

Ascariasis, the most common helminthic infection is caused by ascaris lumbricoides. Usually the adult worm lives in the small intestine. Rarely it migrates through the papilla of vater and may enter the common bile duct. We are reporting a case of live worm in gall bladder. Presence of Ascaris lumbricoides in gallbladder is rare entity as it is difficult to reach there due to narrow and tortuous cystic duct.

Changes in lipid profile of postmenopausal women

The study reveals that menopause leads to changes in hormonal status, metabolism and lipid profile. Since there is an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases for women after menopause, the present study is aimed at comparing the changes of serum lipid profile in premenopausal women with that of their postmenopausal counterparts. This is to enable us ascertain the relative risk of developing cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women in Bangladesh. One hundred and eighteen (118) apparently healthy females (59 premenopausal = control and 59 postmenopausal = case) were selected for the study. The case-control cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Mymensingh Medical College in cooperation with the Department of Gynaecology, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital and Community Based Medical College, Bangladesh during the period from January 2009 to December 2009. Data were collected through clinical evaluation from pre selected questionnaires and fasting blood samples were taken for laboratory investigations. Serum total cholesterol and their sub fractions- high-density lipoproteins (HDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and triglycerides (TG) were measured by autoanalyzer using enzymatic and established mathematical methods. Statistical significance of difference between two groups were evaluated by using unpaired 't' test with the help of SPSS software package. The results showed statistically significant increase in total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol (p<0.001) of menopausal women compared to reproductive age group. The postmenopausal women had higher but non-significant (p=0.675) concentrations of triglycerides than the premenopausal women with regular menstruation. However, a significant reduction of HDL was present in the postmenopausal group (p<0.001) than the premenopausal group. Therefore, it can be concluded that menopause leads to changes in lipid profile by increasing total and LDL cholesterol and by reducing HDL cholesterol. The elevated LDL and the reduction of cardio protective HDL is an indication that menopause is an independent risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease in Bangladesh.

Placental changes in pregnancy induced hypertension

A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out in Gynae and Obstetrics & Pathology department of Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH) to see the placental changes in normal pregnant & pregnancy induced hypertensive (PIH) mother. Total 80 placentas were collected, 40 from normal pregnant mothers having no hypertension and 40 from PIH group (one from gestational hypertension, 17 from pre-eclampsia and 22 from eclamptic mother). Macroscopic study of the placenta revealed placental weight, surface area and number of cotyledons were less in study group. Mean placental weight in study group was 419.50gm and in control group was 477.50gm (p<0.001). Mean surface area in study group & control group were 232.29cm² and 304.80cm² respectively (p<0.001). Mean number of cotyledons were 15.39 and 17.40 in study & control group respectively (p<0.001) and lower diameter of umbilical cord p<0.04667. But in the present study placental thickness was not significant p<0.539. In PIH group, macroscopic infractions were more marked. There was a single umbilical artery present in one patient in PIH group. In PIH group syncytial knots (95%), fibrinoid necrosis (80%), VSM formation, sclerosis, chorangiosis and calcification were more marked. Infarction was present in placenta of PIH 34(85%) and in control group 8(20%). Common placental changes were significant in this study. So, early intervention in PIH is rational to get the good perinatal morbidity and mortality.

Effect of Heat Stress on Behavior, Physiological and Blood Parameters of Goat

The research was conducted to study the effect of heat stress on behavior, some physiological and blood parameters with nine goats of almost similar in age, sex and weight into three groups. Three groups were divided as zero hour (T0), four hours (T4) and eight hours (T8) heat exposure. Temperature–humidity index (THI) value was calculated as 28.17 which indicate the experimental animals were in extreme severe heat stress. Skin and rectal temperature had no significant differences among the treatment groups but respiration/panting and pulse rate were increased with the increased of heat stress from T0 to T8 group (P<0.01).  Significant difference was found in standing time and lying time (P<0.01) in experimental groups. There were significant changes (P<0.01) in number of urination and defecation per hour but no significant changes was found in duration per urination in heat treated groups. The amount of RBC, PCV%, Hb%, WBC were increased with the increased of heat stress (P<0.01). Neutrophil, eosinophil, lymphocyte and monocyte numbers increased significantly (P<0.01) in heat treated groups.  It can be concluded that heat stress had significant changes on some behavioral, physiological and blood parameters of goat.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v22i1-2.16465 Progress. Agric. 22(1 & 2): 37 - 45, 2011  

Helicobacter pylori: molecular detection of vacA gene and vacuolating activity in human gastric adenocarcinoma cells

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

Helicobacter pylori strains secrete a vacuolating cytotoxin (VacA), plays an important role for the development of peptic ulcer disease and gastro-duodenal diseases. vacA gene is responsible to regulate the activity of the vacuolating cytotoxin. The objective of this study was molecular detection of vacA gene and observes the vacuolating activity on human gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) cells.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

H. pylori vacA gene was determined by polymerase chain reaction. Vacuolation activity of VacA toxin in broth culture filtrates was assessed in AGS cells and quantified by neutral uptake assay. Different concentration dosages of VacA and incubation time were used in the measurement of the vacuolating activity on AGS cells.

RESULTS

The results showed that VacA toxin could stimulate vacuolating activity on AGS cells with minimum concentration 1.0 μg/ml from both of s1m1 and s1m2 alleles (vacA gene). The toxin produced optimal reaction at 5.0 μg/ml with significant differences observed between the alleles. The results also showed that both alleles commenced the vacuolating activity at the minimum of 3 hr incubation time, and the activity showed in time-dependent manner.

CONCLUSION

Optimal concentration of VacA toxin (s1m1 allele) causes more interaction with AGS cell producing more vacuolating activities. Time-dependent vaculation of both alleles might allow H. pylori for persistent infection without rapid destruction of gastric cells might promote gastro-duodenal diseases. The study provided us better understanding of the pathogenesis of the diseases associated with H. pylori infection which is an emerging problem in developing countries.

Clinical Profile of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) in Children

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.1(4) 1994 pp.6-14

Etiological pattern of demented patients attending in a tertiary hospital

This is a cross sectional study where 125 demented patients were enrolled who attended in neurology department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Hospital. The purpose of the study was to find out the etiology of dementia. Dementia was diagnosed by the criteria indicated by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-IV and confirmed by Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score. Diagnosis of specific type of dementia was made on the basis of established criteria. The most common etiological factor was post stroke dementia (PSDE) (36%) followed by Alzheimer's disease (AD) (14.4%), multi infarct dementia (MID) (8%), Mixed AD and PSDE (6.4%), vitamin B₁₂ deficiency (4.8%) etc. Vascular dementia is the most common etiological factor. Next to this is the Alzheimer disease. This study will provide baseline information regarding the types of dementia occurring in Bangladeshi population and will be the basis of planning health program and data for future research.

Detection of TEM, SHV and CTX-M in Mymensingh region in Bangladesh

The development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria following introduction of antimicrobial agents has emerged as an important medical problem everywhere in the world including Bangladesh. Extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) are rapidly evolving group of β-lactamase enzymes produced by the Gram negative bacteria. This study was undertaken to characterize ESBL producing gram negative bacilli from urine, skin wound (pus and wound infection). A total of 300 gram negative bacilli were screened for resistance to third generation Cephalosporins (3GCs) by disc diffusion test. The ESBL status was confirmed by double disc diffusion test (DDDT), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by agar dilution method as recommended by Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute 2010 (CLSI) and multiplex PCR for TEM, SHV and CTX-M, CTX-M-3, CTX-M-14 genes. The present study revealed a higher occurrence of multi drugs resistant ESBLs production among gram negative isolates where Klebsiella spp. were the leading bacteria 36/45 (80%), followed by Proteus spp. 40/55 (72.7%), Esch. coli 105/156 (67.3%) and others 25/35 (71.4 %). Rate of TEM, SHV and CTX-M genes present in study population were 50.46%, 18.69% and 46.72% respectively. Among the CTX-M positive genes CTX-M-3 and CTX-M-14 were 78.0% (39/50) and 80.0% (40/50) respectively. Results indicate that routine ESBL detection should be made mandatory and irrational use of third generation cephalosporins must be discouraged to reduce multi drugs resistance bacteria, to increase patients' compliance and to make an antibiotic policy.

Comparative efficacy of subcutaneous versus oral methotrexate in active rheumatoid arthritis

This prospective study was conducted in rheumatology clinic under the department of medicine of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University from December 2004 to December 2005 to asses the efficacy, safety and compliance of subcutaneous methotrexate (MTX) in active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. A total of 92 active rheumatoid arthritis patients according to American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria were recruited for the trial for six months. Among them 46 cases belonged to injectable MTX group and 46 cases belonged to oral MTX group. Mean±SD age of patients was 45.54±12.42 vs. 44.63±13.99 years in subcutaneous group and oral group respectively. In the subcutaneous group 41 were female and 5 male; in the oral group 34 were female and 12 male. Mean duration of the disease was 49.74 months in subcutaneous group and 49 months in oral group. RA test was positive in 35 cases in both groups whereas Rose Waaler test was positive in 19 patients in subcutaneous group and 14 patients in oral group. At 24 week, response rate of ACR 20 was significantly higher in subcutaneous MTX than oral MTX group (93% vs. 80%, p=0.02). Similarly ACR 50 response was significantly higher in subcutaneous MTX than in oral group (89% vs. 72%, p=0.03). ACR 70 response was not significantly higher in SCMTX group then oral group (11% vs. 9 %, p=0.72). Adverse effects were relatively less in subcutaneous MTX and most common side effects were nausea (37% vs. 63%), vomiting (11% vs. 30%), dyspepsia (29% vs. 48%), dizziness (4l% vs. 52%) and alopecia (72% vs. 85%). The results of the study demonstrated that subcutaneous MTX was significantly more effective than oral MTX at the same dosage in active Rheumatoid arthritis patients with no increase in side effects.

Sexual and urinary outcome after surgical treatment for low rectal cancer

Carcinoma involving the lower part of the rectum is now successfully managed by sphincter saving surgery with less morbidity and uneventful recovery. This study was designed to observe the sexual and urinary dysfunction in both sexes of the patients suffering from cancer of the lower third of the rectum managed by surgical intervention with preservation of sphincter. A comparative study was carried out on 54 patients with low rectal cancer who underwent ultra-low anterior resection in the department of surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from January, 2009 to December, 2010. Patients were divided into two groups depending on the tumor distance from anal verge. Thirty one (57%) patients were in Group A (Experimental) where tumor distance was 5cm from anal verge and upper 1cm of anal sphincter was sacrificed during surgical intervention. Twenty three (43%) patients were in Group B (Control) where tumor distance was 6cm from anal verge and whole length (4cm) of anal sphincter was preserved during surgical intervention. The mean±SD age of the patients was 45.96±14.41 years. During surgery, ultra low anterior resection was performed to remove the tumor in all patients and for anastomosis double stapling technique was performed in 52(96%) patients and hand sewn technique was performed in 2(4%) patients irrespective of tumor distance from anal verge. Covering ileostomy was fashioned in all but one patient. During post-operative follow up Sexual activity in both groups of male patients (Potency, P=0.17; ejaculation; satisfaction and loss of libido, P=0.15) and in female patients (Satisfaction and loss of libido, P=0.15) was not significantly hampered following surgery. Urinary function was assessed by incontinence, increased frequency (P=0.54) and retention (n=0) which were not impaired significantly following surgery. Sexual and urinary function was not significantly impaired in both sexes after low rectal cancer surgery. Sphincter saving surgery can be performed in a very low rectal cancer with preservation of anal sphincter.

An unusual foreign body in the urinary bladder

In the urinary tract, foreign body is most commonly found in the urinary bladder. Most foreign bodies in the lower urinary tract are self-inserted via urethra as a result of exotic impulses, psychiatric illness, sexual curiosity, or sexual practice while intoxicated. Various types of foreign bodies have been reported such as wire, screw, fish, thermometer, or animal such as snake. Here we report a case of 22 years men who gave the history of self insertion of a large saline set both ends are cut. Diagnosis can be made by proper history taking, clinical examination, and relevant investigation. The treatment of foreign bodies is determined by their size, location, shape, and mobility. In most cases endoscopic management is appropriate but sometimes open procedure is required. Our case with an unusual foreign body admitted in general hospital Jamalpur for better management and subsequently foreign body was removed by suprapubic cystostomy.

Morphometric study of thyroid angle in different age and sex in Bangladeshi cadaver

This cross sectional descriptive study was to measure the thyroid angle and to establish the difference between sexes of different age groups in Bangladeshi cadaver. A total 60 human larynges were collected by purposive sampling from October 2008 to March 2009. Among them 45(male 23 and female 22) were collected from Bangladeshi cadavers (9 to 60 years) at the autopsy laboratory of Department of Forensic Medicine and 15 (male 6 and female 9) from stillborn infants of viable age (28 to 40 weeks of gestation) from Gynaecology and Obstetrics Department of Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh. The thyroid angle was measured and significant differences of the dimensions between different age and sex groups were observed. In the present study observed findings was compared with those of other researchers. The mean±SD thyroid angle was found as 65.00±11.65 degree in age Group A (28 to 40 weeks of gestation), 73.69±6.56 degree in age Group B (9 to 16 years) and 77.76±7.76 degree in age Group C (17 to 60 years). The mean thyroid angle was higher in female (83.1667±5.78220 degree) than that in male (73.9412±7.09460 degree) and statistically moderately significant in Group C, where t = 3.853 and p = 0.001. In statistical analysis, differences between age and sex groups were calculated by using Students (unpaired) 't' test. The present study revealed that the value was significantly greater in adult female than male and the value increased with age.

Effect of CeO₂ addition to Al₂O₃ supports for Pt catalysts on the aqueous-phase reforming of glycerol

A series of Pt catalysts supported on Al₂O₃ that was doped with different amounts of CeO₂ was developed, characterized, and tested in the aqueous-phase reforming (APR) of glycerol to H₂. Catalyst 3Pt/3CeAl, which bore 3 wt% Pt on a support that contained 3 wt % CeO₂, showed the highest carbon conversion to gas (85%) and the highest H₂ yield (80%) for a feedstock of 1 wt% glycerol in water at 240 °C and 40 bar. A CeO₂/Al₂O₃ support with only 1 wt% Pt also showed high H₂ selectivity and carbon conversion to gas, as well as a much lower CH₄ yield than the benchmark 3Pt/Al catalyst, clearly demonstrating that doping the support with 3 wt% CeO2 improved the APR of glycerol. H₂ chemisorption results showed that the highest metal dispersion (58%) and active surface area (4.3 m(2)g(-1)) were achieved for the support that contained 3 wt% CeO₂, and this effect appeared to be primarily responsible for the high H₂ yield and carbon conversion to gas. No CO was observed in the product gas; therefore, this gas could potentially be used directly in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Thus, including CeO₂ in the Al₂O₃ catalyst support enhanced both the activity and selectivity towards H₂ of a Pt catalyst for the APR of glycerol.

Solvatochromic And Fluorescence Spectroscopic Studies On Polarity Of Ionic Liquid And Ionic Liquid-Based Binary Systems

Polarity behavior of a hydrophobic ionic liquid (IL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethyl)sulphonylimide [EMI][TFSI] and binary mixtures of [EMI][TFSI] with ethanol, acetone and dichloromethane was investigated by solvatochromic method using Reichardt’s betaine dye. Fluorescence spectroscopic method using pyrene as a probe was also used for estimation of polarity of [EMI][TFSI] and [EMI][TFSI]-based binary systems. The binary mixtures of [EMI][TFSI] with the molecular solvents interestingly showed increase in polarity with increasing [EMI][TFSI] for all compositions. The comparative and contrastive features of the results of two methods have been discussed to judge relative merit of one method over the other. Both of the methods collectively provided information to correlate specific interaction of the IL with molecular solvents and define polarity behavior. Journal of Bangladesh Chemical Society, Vol. 25(2), 146-158, 2012 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcs.v25i2.15067

Longterm effects of compression method in the surgical treatment of bleeding haemorrhoids

Objective: Present study was undertaken to find out the long term effect of application of compression probe after haemorrhoidectomy in the treatment of bleeding haemorrhoids. Materials and methods: They study was carried out in the Department of Clinical Surgery, Russian People's Friendship University, Moscow, Russia, from January 1992 to December 2001, on 80 patients, equally divided into two groups, case (haemorrhoidectomy plus application of compression probe) and control (haemorrhoidectomy only). Results: Long term follow up showed higher good outcome in case group (82.1%) compared to control (53.8%) (P<0.05), satisfactory and unsatisfactory outcome was higher in control group (17.9% and 28.2%) compared to case group (12.8% and 5.1%). Conclusion: Application of compression problem after haemorrhoidectomy in patients with bleeding haemorrhoids gives better long term results. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 12 No. 02 April’13 Page 129-132 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v12i2.14939

Abstract 4861: Identification of novel potential targets for selenomethionine-mediated chemoprevention in colorectal carcinoma mouse model via proteomics analysis

Despite some controversy, selenomethionine (SeMet) mediated protection against colorectal carcinoma (CRC) might be a very promising non-cytotoxic option. However, responsive molecular targets and underlying mechanisms of SeMet mediated chemoprevention are still unclear. Our aim was to discover new targets of SeMet mediated chemoprevention in CRC using proteomics analysis. We found dietary SeMet supplementation before carcinoma initiation effectively suppressed polyp incidence and dysplastic lesions without any adverse effects. To determine chemopreventive targets of SeMet, we employed 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis based proteomics analysis in CRC mouse model. Pretreatment with SeMet apparently modulated the expression of 30 proteins with functions in major processes like chronic inflammation, oxidative-stress and apoptosis as discovered through pathway analysis with Pathway studio software.We validated four proteins selected from pathway analysis including prohibitin, purine nucleoside phosphorylase, annexin 2 and c-reactive protein by immuno-histochemistry. 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a known oxidative stress marker was decreased by SeMet treatment in CRC mice as seen by immunohistochemistry. Further network analysis was done among these new four validated proteins, 8-OHdG and colorectal cancer. These four proteins found by proteomics analysis might be considered as potential chemopreventive biomarkers of SeMet against colon cancer and can help develop and improve approaches in preventive, therapeutic and prognostic aspects.

Citation Format: Md. Mujibur Rahman, Jee Young Kwon, Young Rok Seo. Identification of novel potential targets for selenomethionine-mediated chemoprevention in colorectal carcinoma mouse model via proteomics analysis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4861. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4861

Nutritional Indicators for Postoperative Morbidity in Elective Oncological Surgery

Objective: This study was to establish the nutritional risk factors for morbidity following cancer surgery to reduce the incidence of related postoperative complications. Therefore this study was undertaken to assess the morbidity and to identify nutritional risk factors following cancer surgery in Bangladeshi population. Method: This cross-sectional observational study included 312 patients with malignancy who were waiting for surgery or within 60 days of postoperative period were enrolled for the study from indoor of surgical oncology department, NICR&H. Then the patients were submitted for further study to evaluate the preoperative fitness in terms of nutrition assessment – both clinical and biological. All the clinical (pre & post-operative including complication, if any), investigation findings were recorded accordingly. Results: Statistical correlation was discovered between BMI and morbidity but no statistical correlation was found between WL >10% and major surgical complications of either infectious or noninfectious origin (p = NS). No statistically significant correlation was found between nutritional condition or oedema and surgical morbidity. Conversely, a substantial statistical correlation was found between skin thickness or Hb% or albumin <30 g/l and major surgical complications (either infectious or noninfectious) (p= S). Conclusion: The best nutritional factor for detecting the risk of MC is albumin levels below 30 g/l. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jss.v16i1.14441 Journal of Surgical Sciences (2012) Vol. 16 (1) : 3-10

Primary closure of the Urinary Bladder, Urethra and Anterior Abdomen of Classical and Cloacal 39 Exstrophy - A Preliminary Experience of Three Consecutive Cases

A 4 years old female and 1.5 months old male with classical exstrophy and a 2 days old male child with cloacal exstrophy were admitted in Paediatric Surgery Department of Sher-e-Bangla Medical College Hospital (SBMCH), Barisal. The mothers of all children had complaints of protrusion of fleshy mass in lower abdomen from birth. They always remain wet producing smell of urine. The cloacal exstrophy case had a prolapsed ileum that was discharging stool. He had no anus too. All of the cases underwent one stage closure of urinary bladder and urethra and lower abdomen without osteotomy and patient was discharged. After 8 months of first operation the female patient underwent repair of the wound dehiscence. At the time of discharge her urinary bladder capacity was 10 ml and remained dry for 5 minute after manual evacuation. The male patient with classical exstrophy developed urethrocutaneous fistula on 15th post-operative day. The cloacal exstrophy case was discharged with end ileostomy on 10th post-operative day. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jss.v16i1.14447 Journal of Surgical Sciences (2012) Vol. 16 (1) : 39-43

Effects of nitrogen and potassium on growth and yield of gladiolus corms

A study was conducted at the Floriculture Research Field of Horticulture Research Centre of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) during the period from November 2006 to May 2008 to determine the optimum rate of N and K for better growth and yield of corm and cormel of gladiolus. The treatment combination N150 K200 kg/ha produced the longest plant (42.1 cm), the broadest leaf (1.93 cm), the maximum percentage of spikes (88.1%), and corm (97.6%), the heaviest and the largest corm (19.5 g and 4.11 cm, respectively), cent percent flowering sized corm, and the highest corm number and cormel yield (1,20,000 and 1.66 t/ha, respectively). The corm produced from this treatment combination also showed better performances in the next year in respect of plant emergence (100%), florets/spike (13.1), spike and rachis length (82.2 cm and 45.4 cm, respectively), flower stick weight (57.1 g) and percentage of flower sticks (113%). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i4.14385 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(4): 607-616, December 2012

Effect of seasonal variations on jackfruit trunk borer (Batocera rufomaculata De Geer) infestation

The study of seasonal influence on incidence of trunk borer infestation was undertaken during 2010 at Kapasia upazila under district of Gazipur, Bangladesh. The borer was found in orchard from June to September with a peak emergence in mid July. The larval population of Jackfruit trunk borer is the destructive pest stage, which evokes concern in jackfruit growing areas of Bangladesh. The highest percentage of infestation was in July (7.33%) followed by June and August (6.00%). The cumulative infestation over the year in the study area was 35.33% in October. The lowest infestation was observed in February (0.67%) whereas no activity was found during November to January. The incidence of infestation of trunk borer was influenced by temperature, rainfall and relative humidity due to seasonal variations and their contribution of the regression (R2) were 63, 65 and 31%, respectively. Five independent weather factors in stepwise regression equation pooled responsible for 67.4% of the total variance. Stepwise regression showed that maximum temperature was the most important to influence 35.3% and the influence was lowest (2.1%) in case of average rainfall.