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Tamakoshi A, Ohno Y, Tomoda Y, Mizutani H, Kurauchi O, Maruyama T, Hattori S, Atsuta A, Hayashi H, Imai N. [Maternal working status and low birthweight: findings from a cohort study]. NIHON SANKA FUJINKA GAKKAI ZASSHI 1994; 46:503-8. [PMID: 8040622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
To explore possible associations of maternal working status with birthweight, a cohort study was conducted from July, 1989 to June, 1991 in 8 general hospitals in the Tokai district. Using a self-administered questionnaire, data on job employment were collected mostly in the first or second trimester. Information on delivery outcome was recorded by doctors, midwives or nurses after child birth. Included in this analysis were 1,360 pregnants who delivered a live singleton without major malformations at gestation of 37 weeks or more. The following major findings emerged. (1) No significant difference in mean birthweight was detected between working and non-working pregnants. (2) Working pregnants were at greater risk of delivering a low birthweight (< 2,500g) baby. (3) Delivery of a low birthweight baby was more frequent in multiparous than nulliparous mothers. (4) The risks of delivering a low birthweight baby significantly differed according to the maternal working status. (5) These results suggest that not only the maternal working factor itself but the working status should be deliberately taken into consideration in order to provide proper prenatal care.
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252
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Hattori S. Current status and perspectives of research on radiation hormesis in Japan. Chin Med J (Engl) 1994; 107:420-4. [PMID: 7956480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The CRIEPI initiated the Radiation Hormesis Research based on the following rationale. If the Luckey's claim was true, our daily activities in the radiation management would be extremely erroneous. If the Luckey's claim was false, the concept publicated would bring us serious disturbance on the radiation management in Japan. We organized a hormesis research steering committee by the specialists in the concerned field, and started researches under cooperation with many universities, National Cancer Center Research Institute, and National Institute of Radiological Sciences. After interesting results obtained by various experiments on the health effects by low dose, we are now proceeding on the Round Robin tests program including fifteen research plans with universities all over Japan. These activities are categorized as: A. Effects of free radicals produced by the low dose radiation; B. Molecular biological responses to the low dose radiation; C. Radiation effects on the neurotransmission system; D. Stimulative effects of low dose radiation on the immune systems; and E. Epidemiological studies.
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253
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Kurosaka D, Hattori S, Hori H, Yamaguchi N, Hasegawa T, Akimoto H, Nagai Y. Substitution of cysteine for glycine-946 in the alpha 1(I) chain of type I procollagen causes lethal osteogenesis imperfecta. J Biochem 1994; 115:853-7. [PMID: 7961597 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a124429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Procollagen synthesized by skin fibroblasts from a patient with a lethal variant of osteogenesis imperfecta has been characterized. After pepsin digestion of the type I procollagen, a portion of the alpha 1(I) chains was recovered as a disulfide-bonded dimer. Cyanogen bromide peptide mapping suggested that a new cysteine residue was present in the alpha 1(I)CB6 fragment. Sequencing of cloned cDNAs prepared using mRNA from the proband's fibroblasts demonstrated that some of the clones contained a single base mutation that converted the glycine codon in amino acid position 946 of the alpha 1(I) chain to a cysteine codon. The thermal stability of the molecules was markedly lower than that in the case of the normal control.
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254
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Shiota J, Nishimura H, Okamoto H, Yu B, Hattori S, Abe M, Okada T, Nozawa S, Tsurui H, Hirose S. A unique murine CD43 epitope Lp-3: distinct distribution from another CD43 epitope S7. Cell Immunol 1994; 155:402-13. [PMID: 7514104 DOI: 10.1006/cimm.1994.1133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In foregoing studies, we found a unique B cell differentiation antigen Lp-3 which is expressed on pre-B and premature B cells in the bone marrow, but is negative on bone marrow mature B cells and peripheral resting B cells. Nonetheless, Lp-3 was clearly positive on the majority of CD5 B(B1) cells. When we examined the biochemical nature and partial amino acid sequences of purified 132-kDa Lp-3 molecules and the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA clones, we found that Lp-3 is an epitope of CD43. Thus, the monoclonal antibody (mAb) Lp-3 may be the first mAb to murine CD43 defined by primary target structure analysis. Comparison of tissue distribution of Lp-3 and S7, an epitope previously suggested to associate with murine CD43, showed that they were similarly distributed on thymocytes, peripheral B and T cells, granulocytes, and platelets. In the bone marrow, while both Lp-3 and S7 were negative on mature B cells, the former was positive on all B lineage cells at an early ontogeny and the latter was positive only on the minor population of pre-B cells and pro-B cells. Lp-3 and S7 epitopes also showed different distributions on basement membranes of renal glomerulus, bronchus, and endometrium, lining cells of choroid plexus and muscular cells of arterioles in a variety of tissues. As CD43 has various isoforms generated by different degrees of glycosylation of the common core peptide, it is likely that Lp-3 and S7 are associated with different CD43 isoforms.
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Tanaka S, Morishita T, Hashimoto Y, Hattori S, Nakamura S, Shibuya M, Matuoka K, Takenawa T, Kurata T, Nagashima K. C3G, a guanine nucleotide-releasing protein expressed ubiquitously, binds to the Src homology 3 domains of CRK and GRB2/ASH proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1994; 91:3443-7. [PMID: 7512734 PMCID: PMC43593 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.91.8.3443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 322] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
CRK protein, together with GRB2/ASH and Nck proteins, belongs to the adaptor-type Src homology (SH)2-containing molecules, which transduce signals from tyrosine kinases. Here another guanine nucleotide-releasing protein (GNRP), C3G, has been identified as a CRK SH3-binding protein. The nucleotide sequence of a 4.1-kb C3G cDNA contains a 3.2-kb open reading frame encoding a 121-kDa protein, and antibodies against C3G have been shown to detect a protein of 130-140 kDa. The carboxyl terminus of C3G has a peptide sequence homologous to GNRPs for Ras, and the expression of this carboxyl terminus region suppresses the loss of CDC25 function in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The C3G protein expressed in Escherichia coli binds to CRK and GRB2/ASH proteins. Mutational analysis of C3G assigns the SH3 binding region to a 50-amino acid region containing a proline-rich sequence. The mRNAs of both the C3G and CRK proteins are expressed ubiquitously in human adult and fetal tissues. The results of these studies suggest that the complex of CRK and C3G, or GRB2/ASH and C3G, may transduce the signals from tyrosine kinases to Ras in a number of different tissues.
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256
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Frick IM, Akesson P, Cooney J, Sjöbring U, Schmidt KH, Gomi H, Hattori S, Tagawa C, Kishimoto F, Björck L. Protein H--a surface protein of Streptococcus pyogenes with separate binding sites for IgG and albumin. Mol Microbiol 1994; 12:143-51. [PMID: 8057834 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb01003.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Protein H, a molecule expressed at the surface of some strains of Streptococcus pyogenes, has affinity for the constant (IgGFc) region of immunoglobulin (Ig) G. In absorption experiments with human plasma, protein H-sepharose could absorb not only IgG but also albumin from plasma. The affinity constant for the reaction between albumin and protein H was 7.8 x 10(9) M-1, which is higher than the affinity between IgG and protein H (Ka = 1.6 x 10(9) M-1). Fragments of protein H were generated with deletion plasmids and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology. Using these fragments in various protein-protein interaction assays, the binding of albumin was mapped to three repeats (C1-C3) in the C-terminal half of protein H. On the albumin molecule, the binding site for protein H was found to overlap the site for protein G, another albumin- and IgGFc-binding bacterial surface protein. Also IgGFc-binding could be mapped with the protein H fragments and the region was found N-terminally of the C repeats. A synthetic peptide (25 amino acid residues long) based on a sequence in this region was shown to inhibit the binding of protein H to immobilized IgG or IgGFc. This sequence was not found in previously described IgGFc-binding proteins. However, two other cell surface proteins of S. pyogenes exhibited highly homologous regions. The results identify IgGFc- and albumin-binding regions of protein H and further define and emphasize the convergent evolution among bacterial surface proteins interacting with human plasma proteins.
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Kobayashi Y, Haraya K, Hattori S, Sasuga T. Evaluation of polymer free volume by positron annihilation and gas diffusivity measurements. POLYMER 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(94)90934-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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258
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Hashimoto Y, Matuoka K, Takenawa T, Muroya K, Hattori S, Nakamura S. Different interactions of Grb2/Ash molecule with the NGF and EGF receptors in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. Oncogene 1994; 9:869-75. [PMID: 8108130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We have previously shown that nerve growth factor (NGF) induces a rapid and relatively continuous activation of Ras in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells while epidermal growth factor (EGF) activates Ras transiently, and that tyrosine kinase activity of the NGF receptor is essential for the activation of Ras (Muroya et al., Oncogene, 7, 277-281, 1992). In order to explore the signaling mechanism from tyrosine kinase to Ras activation in more detail, interactions between two adaptor molecules, Shc and Grb2/Ash, which contain Src homology regions, and their interactions with the NGF and EGF receptors were examined. Both NGF and EGF induced rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of Shc and its association with both the receptors and with Grb2/Ash. When cells were stimulated with EGF at 4 degrees C, the activation of Ras proceeded slowly and MAP kinase activation was quite low. Under such restricted conditions, tyrosine-phosphorylated Shc formed a complex with Grb2/Ash, suggesting that the complex formation may be one of the immediate early responses. In contrast to Shc, Grb2/Ash bound to EGF receptor but did not form a stable complex with the NGF receptor. These results suggest that there may be an alternative pathway for the activation of Ras in PC12 cells.
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259
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Kawai M, Kikkawa F, Hattori S, Ohta M, Arii Y, Tomoda Y. Long-term follow-up of patients with epithelial carcinoma of the ovary. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 1994; 44:259-66. [PMID: 7909765 DOI: 10.1016/0020-7292(94)90176-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the long-term outcomes of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. METHODS A group of 298 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer were treated with combination chemotherapy between July 1979 and January 1986 at the Tokai Ovarian Tumor Study Group. Long-term results of these patients were analyzed. RESULTS Five-year survival and 10-year survival rates of all the patients were 53% and 47%, respectively. Five-year survival and 10-year survival rates for stage I were 89% and 79%, 59% and 56% for stage II, 27% and 22% for stage III, and 9% and 9% for stage IV, respectively. Survival of mucinous and endometrioid cell types were decreased after 5 or more years. In stages II-IV, cisplatin-based chemotherapy produced better results than mitomycin-C, 5-Fu, cytarabine (MFC) therapy. CONCLUSIONS Long-term results of epithelial ovarian cancer were not favorable even in mucinous and endometrioid cell types. For long-term results, cisplatin-based chemotherapy was effective in advanced ovarian cancer. Long-term follow-up of ovarian cancer is important and necessary.
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260
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Yamasaki K, Shirouzu M, Muto Y, Fujita-Yoshigaki J, Koide H, Ito Y, Kawai G, Hattori S, Yokoyama S, Nishimura S. Site-directed mutagenesis, fluorescence, and two-dimensional NMR studies on microenvironments of effector region aromatic residues of human c-Ha-Ras protein. Biochemistry 1994; 33:65-73. [PMID: 8286364 DOI: 10.1021/bi00167a009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The Tyr residues in positions 32 and 40 of human c-Ha-Ras protein were replaced by site-directed mutagenesis (Y32F, Y32W, Y40K, and Y40W) to examine their roles in the signal-transducing activity and the sensitivity to the GTPase activating protein (GAP). The signal-transducing activity of the oncogenic Ras protein in PC12 cells was lost upon mutations Y32F and Y40K, but retained upon mutations Y32W and Y40W. These results suggest that residues 32 and 40 are both required to have aromatic groups and residue 32 is further required to have a hydrogen donor. On the other hand, three mutations (Y32F, Y32W, and Y40W) caused no appreciable reduction in either GAP-binding affinity or GAP sensitivity. By the Y40K mutation, GAP-binding affinity was slightly lowered, while GAP sensitivity was drastically impaired. Therefore, for residues 32 and 40 of Ras, interactions with GAP appear to be different from those with the target of signal transduction in the PC12 cell. As for the Y32W-Ras protein bound with an unhydrolyzable GTP analogue (GMPPNP), the Trp32 fluorescence is appreciably red-shifted, weaker, and more susceptible to KI quenching as compared to that of the GDP-bound form. Two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy with selectively deuterated Ras proteins revealed fewer and weaker nuclear Overhauser effects on the aromatic protons of Trp32 in the GMPPNP-bound form than in the GDP-bound form. This indicates that the side chain of Trp32 is more exposed to the solvent in the GMPPNP-bound form than in the GDP-bound form.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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261
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Gotoh N, Tojo A, Muroya K, Hashimoto Y, Hattori S, Nakamura S, Takenawa T, Yazaki Y, Shibuya M. Epidermal growth factor-receptor mutant lacking the autophosphorylation sites induces phosphorylation of Shc protein and Shc-Grb2/ASH association and retains mitogenic activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1994; 91:167-71. [PMID: 7506413 PMCID: PMC42907 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.91.1.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) can induce cell growth and transformation in a ligand-dependent manner. To examine whether the autophosphorylation of EGFR correlates with the capacity of the activated EGFR to induce cell growth and transformation, we truncated the human EGFR just after residue 1011, removing all three major autophosphorylation sites (DEL1011). Further, a point mutation was introduced at another autophosphorylation site, Tyr-992-->Phe (DEL1011+F992). The wild-type and mutant receptors were stably expressed in a NIH 3T3 variant cell line that expresses an extremely low level of endogenous EGFR and does not grow with EGF. As expected, DEL1011 and DEL1011+F992 were found to be severely impaired in EGF-induced autophosphorylation, due to the deletion of the appropriate target tyrosines. However, mutant receptors still could induce EGF-dependent DNA synthesis, morphological transformation, and anchorage-independent growth, although the extent of these was significantly reduced when compared with wild-type EGFR. EGF-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of Ras-GTPase activating protein-associated protein p62 and phospholipase C gamma 1 was dramatically reduced in the cells expressing DEL1011 and DEL1011+F992. On the other hand, tyrosine phosphorylation of Shc, complex formation of Shc-Grb2/Ash, and activation of microtubule-associated protein kinase were still fully induced upon EGF stimulation without binding of Shc or Grb2/Ash to the mutant receptor. Thus, tyrosine phosphorylation of Shc may play a crucial role for activating Ras and generating mitotic signals by the activated EGFR mutant.
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262
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Kikkawa F, Kawai M, Mizuno K, Ishikawa H, Kojima M, Maeda O, Tamakoshi K, Suganuma N, Tomoda Y, Hattori S. Recurrence of epithelial ovarian carcinoma after clinical remission. Gynecol Obstet Invest 1994; 38:65-9. [PMID: 7959332 DOI: 10.1159/000292449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
One hundred and eighty-eight patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma were treated with primary cytoreductive surgery and subsequent combination chemotherapy. The first recurrent findings such as sites and disease-free interval were analyzed in 141 patients who were clinically remitted 6 months after operation or chemotherapy. Fifty-seven cases had a recurrence. Five-year disease-free survival rates were 75, 72, 29, and 0% in stage I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Twenty-one of 22 patients with > 2 cm maximum residual tumor died, although they once achieved clinical remission. Significant differences were observed between histologic types, and the disease-free survival rate was lowest for serous cystadenocarcinoma. Nine of 15 stage IV patients with serous histology experienced remission, but none of the 8 in stage IV with other histologies did so, suggesting that serous adenocarcinoma is sensitive to chemotherapy and conducive to clinical remission. However, all stage IV patients in remission encountered a recurrence. Intra-abdominal cavity and lymph node were frequently the initial recurrent sites (38 and 27%, respectively). On the other hand, the incidence of distant recurrence was as high as 27%, and 8 of 16 cases with distant recurrence were stage I. Survival time after recurrence was not different among initial sites of recurrence and mean survival time was 15 months.
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Hattori S, Naoi M, Nishino H. Striatal dopamine turnover during treadmill running in the rat: relation to the speed of running. Brain Res Bull 1994; 35:41-9. [PMID: 7953756 DOI: 10.1016/0361-9230(94)90214-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the physiological action of striatal dopamine (DA) in exercise, rats were trained to run on a straight treadmill. Extracellular DA and its metabolites, dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), and homovanillic acid (HVA) were measured by in vivo microdialysis, and striatal tissue tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity and monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and spectrophotometer. DA turnover was increased by running, and the increase in DOPAC and HVA was closely related to the speed of running, while the increase in DA had no relationship to the speed. The threshold for the increase in DA, DOPAC, and HVA was between 300 and 660 cm/min. Striatal tissue TH activity was elevated up to 135% of basal values after the rats were trained for 7 days to run at 1800 cm/min. Just after running for 20 min, there was a further increase to 180%. These values became 150% and 90% of basal values at 2 h and 6 h, showing a similar time course as DA detected by microdialysis. MAO-B activity increased up to 160% of basal values after 7 days training but decreased to 130% and 110% just after and 2 h after running, then increased to 145% 6 h after running. MAO-A showed a similar variation as MAO-B. These data suggest that both the synthesis and metabolism of DA have a close relationship with physical exercise and might contribute to adjusting extracellular DA levels within an adequate range in response to exercise intensity.
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Kawamoto S, Hattori S, Oiji I, Ueda A, Fukushima J, Sakimura K, Mishina M, Okuda K. Expression of the alpha 1 and alpha 2 subunits of the AMPA-selective glutamate receptor channel in insect cells using a baculovirus vector. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1993; 707:460-2. [PMID: 9137595 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb38098.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Suzuki J, Hattori S, Nakajo Y, Ochiai M, Suzuki S. Levels of urinary mutagenicity and excretion of 1-aminopyrene in humans exposed to automobile exhaust. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0165-1161(93)90111-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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266
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Nakazato H, Hattori S, Matsuura T, Koitabashi Y, Endo F, Matsuda I. Identification of a single base insertion in the COL4A5 gene in Alport syndrome. Kidney Int 1993; 44:1091-6. [PMID: 8264140 DOI: 10.1038/ki.1993.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We identified a novel mutation in the COL4A5 gene of a Japanese patient with Alport syndrome. A combination of in vitro amplification of the exons with single strand conformation polymorphisms (SSCP) analysis suggested the presence of a mutation in exon 48. Sequencing of the amplified DNA revealed a single base (T) insertion which was between nucleotides T 4750 and G 4751 within the methionine 1516. This mutation caused a shift in the reading frame of nine amino acids and introduced a premature termination signal that would be expected to lack about two-thirds of the noncollagenous (NC1) domain. This mutation may interfere with type IV collagen assembly leading to increased permeability and play a causative role in the glomerular basement membrane abnormality of this patient with typical Alport syndrome. Gene tracking by restriction enzyme NlaIII digestion revealed that the patient's mother is heterozygous whereas the patient's brother and one sister are normal, albeit they have hematuria and proteinuria. Without gene analysis, they would have been misdiagnosed. We propose that the diagnosis of Alport syndrome should be made on the basis of both clinical phenotypes and molecular defects.
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Ohta T, Nakamura R, Ikeda Y, Hattori S, Matsuda I. Follow up study on children with dyslipidaemia detected by mass screening at 18 months of age: effect of 12 months dietary treatment. Eur J Pediatr 1993; 152:939-43. [PMID: 8276030 DOI: 10.1007/bf01957537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The present study was done to evaluate the effect of short-term dietary therapy on 148 dyslipidaemic children (24 familial hypercholesterolaemia, 105 non-familial hypercholesterolaemia and 19 hypertriglyceridaemia), detected by mass screening in children at 18 months of age. In the model diet used for treatment, 15% of the total calories were obtained from protein, 27% from fat and 57% from carbohydrate. Cholesterol intake was set at < 200 mg/day and the ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acid (P/S ratio) was 1.2. When compared to the composition of the diet ingested by the dyslipidaemic children, only the P/S ratio changed from 0.7 to 1.2. During 12 months treatment, levels of total cholesterol, low density lipoproteins cholesterol and apoB decreased by 10%-15% in children with familial and non-familial hypercholesterolaemia. There was no significant change in the levels of high density lipoproteins. In 19 children with hypertriglyceridaemia, the intake of carbohydrate was limited to 55% of the total calories consumed and after 12 months of treatment, triglyceride levels reverted to normal. Throughout the study period, approximately 70% of the children on this dietary therapy were seen in our clinics every 3-6 months and physical development was within normal ranges. These results, taken together, indicate that dietary therapy can be effective for correcting dyslipidaemia, even in young children.
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268
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Maekawa M, Nakamura S, Hattori S. Purification of a novel ras GTPase-activating protein from rat brain. J Biol Chem 1993; 268:22948-52. [PMID: 8226805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
GTPase-activating protein (GAP) and neurofibromin, a gene product of neurofibromatosis type I gene, have been identified as factors that stimulate GTPase activity of ras p21. We have previously suggested the presence of novel GAP activity that is immunologically distinguishable from GAP or neurofibromin in both the cytosolic and the particulate fractions of rat brain (Hattori, S., Maekawa, M., and Nakamura, S. (1992) Oncogene 7, 481-485). We have purified this novel GAP molecule from the cytosolic fraction of rat brain by more than 200,000-fold by five successive column chromatographies with a recovery of 6%. Apparent molecular mass of this molecule was estimated to be 100 kDa (p100GAPras). The same p100GAPras was purified from the particulate fraction after extraction with high salt. The activation of GTPase was observed with normal ras p21 but not with oncogenic ras p21, Rap1B/smg21B, or Ram25K. The dissociation constant of p100GAPras toward ras p21 estimated by competitive inhibition using ras p21 in complex with nonhydrolyzable analog of GTP was two times higher than that of neurofibromin and was lower than that of GAP by 2 orders of magnitude. These results clearly indicate that p100GAPras is a novel ras GAP molecule.
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Maekawa M, Nakamura S, Hattori S. Purification of a novel ras GTPase-activating protein from rat brain. J Biol Chem 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)41618-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Imanishi Y, Hattori S, Kakuta A, Numata S. Direct observation of an organic superlattice structure. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1993; 71:2098-2101. [PMID: 10054582 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.71.2098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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271
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Kobayashi M, Hashimoto N, Hoshino M, Hattori S, Iwashita S. Differential contribution of M(r) 120 kDa rasGTPase-activating protein and neurofibromatosis type 1 gene product during the transition from growth phase to arrested state in human fibroblasts accompanied by a unique rasGTPase-activating activity. FEBS Lett 1993; 327:177-82. [PMID: 8335107 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(93)80165-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Using octyl glucoside-solubilized cell extracts from human fibroblasts during growth phase to G0/G1 arrest state, we found that while the number of M(r) 120 kDa rasGTPase-activating protein (p120GAP) molecules per cell decreases to half its original levels, the amount of neurofibromatosis type 1 gene product (NF1, a neurofibromin) remains constant during the transition. The contribution of p120GAP to the total rasGTPase-activating (rasGA) activity in growing cells was found to be larger than that observed in arrested cells (84% vs 53%). On the other hand, NF1 contributes less than 15% of the total rasGA activity in either extract. These results indicate that the qualitative changes occur in the contributors to rasGA activity during transition. They also suggest that a unique rasGA activity exists in the arrested cells, which was obtained separately from both p120GAP and NF1 by heparin-Sepharose column chromatography.
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272
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Masuda C, Fujii Y, Kamiya T, Miyamoto M, Nakahara K, Hattori S, Ohshita H, Yokoyama T, Yoshida H, Tsutsumi Y. Idiopathic sclerosing peritonitis in a man. Intern Med 1993; 32:552-5. [PMID: 8286833 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.32.552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic sclerosing peritonitis (ISP) is a rare condition which has been mainly reported in young adolescent women as a cause of small bowel obstruction. In these patients the small bowel is sometimes encased in a fibrous sac called an "abdominal cocoon". We describe a 62-year-old man who underwent exploratory laparotomy for ascites and abdominal mass. Laparotomy showed 5.4 l of ascites and the entire small bowel was encased in a fibrous sausage-like cocoon. The pathological findings were characteristic of sclerosing peritonitis.
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Tanaka S, Hattori S, Kurata T, Nagashima K, Fukui Y, Nakamura S, Matsuda M. Both the SH2 and SH3 domains of human CRK protein are required for neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells. Mol Cell Biol 1993; 13:4409-15. [PMID: 8321240 PMCID: PMC360008 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.13.7.4409-4415.1993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Human CRK protein is a homolog of the chicken v-crk oncogene product and consists mostly of src homology region 2 (SH2) and SH3, which are shared by many proteins, in particular those involved in signal transduction. SH2 has been shown to bind specifically to phosphotyrosine-containing peptides. We report here that both SH2 and SH3 are required for signaling from CRK protein. Microinjection of the CRK protein induced neurite formation of rat pheochromocytoma cell line PC12. This activity was abolished by mutation of the CRK protein in either SH2 or SH3. The neuronal differentiation induced by the CRK protein was blocked by an excess amount of peptides containing CRK SH3. Moreover, we identified three proteins, of 118, 125, and 136 kDa, which bound specifically to CRK SH3. The CRK-induced neuronal differentiation was also suppressed by monoclonal antibodies against either CRK SH2 or p21ras. These results suggest that both SH2 and SH3 of the CRK protein mediate specific protein-protein binding and that the resulting multimolecular complex generates a signal for neurite differentiation through activation of p21ras.
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274
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Maekawa S, Maekawa M, Hattori S, Nakamura S. Purification and molecular cloning of a novel acidic calmodulin binding protein from rat brain. J Biol Chem 1993; 268:13703-9. [PMID: 8390468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
An acidic protein was identified among the insoluble proteins of a growth cone-enriched fraction, and this protein was purified from the Triton- and high NaCl-insoluble fraction of newborn rat brain using several column chromatographies after solubilization at an alkaline condition. The purified protein showed a Ca(2+)-dependent calmodulin binding activity. This protein showed an anomalous behavior in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as that observed in case of GAP-43 (neuromodulin, F1, pp46, p57, B-50) and MARCKS (p87, p80), namely shifts of apparent molecular weights under different acrylamide concentrations. Its physicochemical characteristics, such as heat stability, acidic isoelectric point, and solubility in a 2.5% perchloric acid solution, also resemble the properties of these proteins. cDNA cloning of this protein showed that the NH2-terminal 50-amino acid sequence was almost identical to CAP-23, a previously reported chicken protein of unknown function. Since the COOH-terminal half-regions of these proteins are less similar, the entire sequences of these proteins have 65% homology (52% identity), suggesting that these proteins belong to a family. Immunoblotting of several tissue extracts using a monoclonal antibody against this protein showed its specific expression in brain.
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275
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Kobayashi T, Hori H, Kanamori T, Hattori S, Takagi T, Watanabe H, Nishikawa T, Nagai Y. Monoclonal antibodies to human polymorphonuclear leukocyte gelatinase (type IV collagenase) are cross-reactive with fibroblast gelatinase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1993; 193:490-6. [PMID: 8390241 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1993.1650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Four monoclonal antibodies to human polymorphonuclear leukocyte gelatinase, 100 kDa type IV collagenase, 1G5, 4C6, 4G6 and 4H4 clones, were generated by immunizing Balb/c mice and fusing the mouse spleen cells with P3U1 cells. By using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method, two clones, 4G6 and 1G5, were found to cross-react with human fibroblast 75kDa gelatinase, although none of the four antibodies inhibited gelatinase activity. Selective detection of 75 kDa and 100 kDa gelatinases produced by human skin fibroblasts and fibrosarcoma cells (HT 1080) in culture was successfully demonstrated by immunostaining with combined uses of 4H4 and 4G6 clones.
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