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Canturk S, Qaddoumi I, Khetan V, Ma Z, Furmanchuk A, Antoneli CBG, Sultan I, Kebudi R, Sharma T, Rodriguez-Galindo C, Abramson DH, Chantada GL. Survival of retinoblastoma in less-developed countries impact of socioeconomic and health-related indicators. Br J Ophthalmol 2010; 94:1432-6. [PMID: 20733021 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2009.168062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Ma Z, Liu Z, Wu RF, Terada LS. p66(Shc) restrains Ras hyperactivation and suppresses metastatic behavior. Oncogene 2010; 29:5559-67. [PMID: 20676142 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Normal tissue cells survive and proliferate only while anchored to solid substrate. Conversely, transformed cells both survive and proliferate following detachment, having lost attachment context through unclear mechanisms. p66(Shc) is a focal adhesion-associated protein that reports cell attachment through a RhoA-dependent mechanosensory test. We find that human small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells and mouse Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC), which display aggressive metastatic behavior, lack both p66(Shc) and retinoblastoma (pRB) and bypass anoikis. Re-expression of p66(Shc) in these cells restores anoikis and provides striking protection from metastasis by LLC cells in vivo. Notably, knockdown of p66(Shc) in normal epithelial cells leads to unrestrained Ras activation, preventing anoikis through downstream suppression of RhoA but blocking proliferation in a pRB-dependent manner, thus mimicking oncogenic Ras. Conversely, LLC and SCLC cells display constitutive Ras activation necessary to bypass anoikis, which is reversed by re-expression of p66(Shc). p66(Shc) therefore coordinates Ras-dependent control of proliferation and anchorage sensation, which can be defeated in the evolution of highly metastatic tumors by combined loss of both p66(Shc) and pRB.
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Jones KL, Adekola AS, Bardayan DW, Blackmon JC, Chae KY, Chipps KA, Cizewski JA, Erikson L, Harlin C, Hatarik R, Kapler R, Kozub RL, Liang JF, Livesay R, Ma Z, Moazen BH, Nesaraja CD, Nunes FM, Pain SD, Patterson NP, Shapira D, Shriner JF, Smith MS, Swan TP, Thomas JS. The magic nature of 132Sn explored through the single-particle states of 133Sn. Nature 2010; 465:454-7. [DOI: 10.1038/nature09048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2010] [Accepted: 03/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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McKeown M, Ma Z, Wang Z. P3.131 Abnormal cerebellar activity in Parkinson's disease – a network perturbation approach. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(09)70695-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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255
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Ma Z, Zhong J, Xu J, Wei Y. Genotyping of the polymorphism within exon 1 of <i>Hormone Sensitive Lipase (LIPE)</i> Gene in three Chinese Yak (<i>Bos grunniens</i>) breeds by PCR-RFLP (Brief Report). Arch Anim Breed 2009. [DOI: 10.5194/aab-52-215-2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract. The yak (Bos grunniens), a herbivore living on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its adjacent territories, is one of world’s most remarkable domestic animals. Over the past decades, research has been done on properties of yak meat at physiological and biochemical levels. In recent years, some candidate genes associating with meat quality and lipid metabolism in yak have been studied (MA et al. 2007, ZHONG et al. 2007). The Hormone Sensitive Lipase (LIPE) gene has been regarded as a candidate gene associating with lipid metabolism and meat quality. Several studies have reported the genetic variations in the LIPE genes of human and pig (TALMUD et al. 1998, KNOLL et al. 1998, WU et al. 1998, HARBITZ et al. 1999), whereas the yak LIPE gene polymorphism has not been investigated and no information is available. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize the genetic variation in Chinese yak LIPE at the DNA sequence level and genotyping of the polymorphism within LIPE in different yak breeds.
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Rao Z, Ma Z, Shen W, Fang H, Zhuge J, Wang X. Engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae that produces 1,3-propanediol from D-glucose. J Appl Microbiol 2009; 105:1768-76. [PMID: 19120627 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.03868.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a safe micro-organism used in fermentation industry. 1,3-Propanediol is an important chemical widely used in polymer production, but its availability is being restricted owing to its expensively chemical synthesis. The aim of this study is to engineer a S. cerevisiae strain that can produce 1,3-propanediol at low cost. METHODS AND RESULTS By using D-glucose as a feedstock, S. cerevisiae could produce glycerol, but not 1,3-propanediol. In this study, we have cloned two genes yqhD and dhaB required for the production of 1,3-propanediol from glycerol, and integrated them into the chromosome of S. cerevisiae W303-1A by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Both genes yqhD and dhaB functioned in the engineered S. cerevisiae and led to the production of 1,3-propanediol from D-glucose. CONCLUSION Saccharomyces cerevisiae can be engineered to produce 1,3-propanediol from low-cost feedstock D-glucose. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY To our knowledge, this is the first report on developing S. cerevisiae to produce 1,3-propanediol by using A. tumefaciens-mediated transformation. This study might lead to a safe and cost-efficient method for industrial production of 1,3-propanediol.
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Zhang T, Ma Z, Wang R, Li W. O1048 Thrombin accelerates invasion of epithelial ovarian cancer along peritoneum via educating monocyte differentiation toward tumor-associated macrophage-like cells. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(09)61421-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Wang R, Zhang T, Ma Z, Wang Y, Wang X. O988 The role of interaction of coagulation factor XII-monocyte/macrophages mediating peritoneal metastasis in epithelial ovarian cancer. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(09)61361-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Stone M, Keele BF, Ma Z, Bailes E, Dutra J, Hahn BH, Shaw GM, Miller CJ. P20-13. Identification and characterization of early founder populations in Rhesus macaques vaginally infected with SIVmac251. Retrovirology 2009. [PMCID: PMC2767896 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s3-p383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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261
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Schweighardt B, Ma Z, Petropoulos CJ, Miller CJ, Wrin T. P04-47. High-titer autologous and heterologous neutralizing antibody activity in acute SIV-infection. Retrovirology 2009. [PMCID: PMC2767979 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s3-p75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Chi Z, Zhang W, Liu D, Ma Z, Cao Y, Shao P, Han C. SU-FF-T-193: An Investigation of the Accuracy of Esophageal IMRT Dose Distribution Using Three-Dimensional Dosimetry Techniques and Monte Carlo Simulation. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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263
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Yin Y, Lou T, Yan L, Michailides TJ, Ma Z. Molecular characterization of toxigenic and atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus isolates, collected from peanut fields in China. J Appl Microbiol 2009; 107:1857-65. [PMID: 19457031 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04356.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The objectives of this study were to assess the genetic relationships between toxigenic and atoxigenic isolates of Aspergillus flavus collected from peanut fields in China, and to analyse deletions within the aflatoxin biosynthetic gene cluster for the atoxigenic isolates. METHODS AND RESULTS Analysis of random-amplified polymorphic DNA and microsatellite-primed PCR data showed that the toxigenic and atoxigenic isolates of A. flavus were not clustered based on their regions and their ability of aflatoxin and sclerotial production. These results were further supported by DNA sequence of ITS, pksA and omtA genes. PCR assays showed that 24 of 35 isolates containing no detectable aflatoxins had the entire aflatoxin gene cluster. Eleven atoxigenic isolates had five different deletion patterns in the cluster. CONCLUSIONS Toxigenic and atoxigenic isolates of A. flavus are genetically similar, but some atoxigenic isolates having deletions within the aflatoxin gene cluster can be identified readily by PCR assays. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Because the extensive deletions within the aflatoxin gene cluster are not rare in the atoxigenic isolates, analysis of deletion within the cluster would be an effective method for the rapid screening of atoxigenic isolates for developing biocontrol agents.
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Ma Z, Paek D, Oh CK. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and asthma: role in the pathogenesis and molecular regulation. Clin Exp Allergy 2009; 39:1136-44. [PMID: 19438580 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2009.03272.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 is a major inhibitor of the fibrinolytic system. PAI-1 levels are markedly increased in asthmatic airways, and mast cells (MCs), a pivotal cell type in the pathogenesis of asthma, are one of the main sources of PAI-1 production. Recent studies suggest that PAI-1 may promote the development of asthma by regulating airway remodelling, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), and allergic inflammation. The single guanosine nucleotide deletion/insertion polymorphism (4G/5G) at -675 bp of the PAI-1 gene is the major genetic determinant of PAI-1 expression. Plasma PAI-1 level is higher in people with the 4G/4G genotype than in those with the 5G/5G genotype. A strong association between the 4G/5G polymorphism and the risk and the severity of asthma has been suggested. Levels of plasma IgE and PAI-1 and severity of AHR are greater in asthmatic patients with the 4G/4G genotype than in those with the 5G/5G genotype. The PAI-1 promoter with the 4G allele renders higher transcription activity than the PAI-1 promoter with the 5G allele in stimulated MCs. The molecular mechanism for the 4G allele-mediated higher PAI-1 expression is associated with greater binding of upstream stimulatory factor-1 to the E-box adjacent to the 4G site (E-4G) than to the E-5G. In summary, PAI-1 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma. Further studies evaluating the mechanisms of PAI-1 action and regulation may lead to the development of a novel prognostic factor and therapeutic target for the treatment and prevention of asthma and other PAI-1-associated diseases.
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Yin Y, Liu X, Li B, Ma Z. Characterization of sterol demethylation inhibitor-resistant isolates of Fusarium asiaticum and F. graminearum collected from wheat in China. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2009; 99:487-97. [PMID: 19351244 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-99-5-0487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium asiaticum and F. graminearum are the primary causal agents of Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat in China. In this study, sensitivities of 159 F. asiaticum and F. graminearum isolates to a benzimidazole fungicide carbendazim (MBC) and to sterol demethylation inhibitors (DMIs) tebuconazole and prochloraz were determined. Among the 159 isolates, 9 were resistant to MBC and designated as MBC-R isolates. Three showed resistance to tebuconazole and prochloraz and designated as DMI-R isolates. There was no cross-resistance between MBC and DMI. Genetic analysis by microsatellite-primed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed that MBC-R or DMI-R isolates had different genotypes, which indicated that they originated from different wild-type parents. Analysis of two 14alpha-demethylase (cyp51) homologous genes (cyp51A and cyp51B) showed that the F. asiaticum isolates could be distinguished from F. graminearum isolates based on the sequence of cyp51A. Analysis of deduced amino acid sequence of cyp51A and cyp51B suggested that no mutations were associated with DMI resistance. Real-time PCR analysis showed that the DMI resistance was not related to the expression of cyp51A and cyp51B in F. asiaticum and F. graminearum, but expressions of both genes were induced greatly by the tebuconazole. Results of this study indicated that cyp51A would be an informative marker for analysis of population structure of F. asiaticum and F. graminearum, and the existence of homologous cyp51 genes in F. asiaticum and F. graminearum could provide new insights into DMI resistance in phytopathogenic fungi.
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Yin Y, Liu X, Ma Z. Simultaneous detection of Fusarium asiaticum and Fusarium graminearum in wheat seeds using a real-time PCR method. Lett Appl Microbiol 2009; 48:680-6. [PMID: 19413810 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2009.02595.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To develop a PCR-based method for quantitative detection of Fusarium asiaticum (Fa) and Fusarium graminearum (Fg) in wheat seeds. METHODS AND RESULTS Based on the sequences of the cyp51A gene, two primer pairs FaF + FaR and FgF + FgR were developed for the species-specific detection of Fa and Fg, respectively. To simultaneously detect these two phylogenetic species, a pair of primers FgaF + FgaR was developed based on the first and the second introns of beta-tubulin gene. This primer pair amplified a 228-bp fragment only from Fa and Fg isolates, but not from 22 other Fusarium spp. and 13 other fungal species. A real-time PCR with this primer pair was able to quantify minute amounts of Fa and Fg DNA in wheat seeds rapidly. CONCLUSIONS PCR primers designed based on the sequence of cyp51A or intron region of beta-tubulin gene could allow differentiation of genetically related fungal species. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The sensitive and quantitative detection method can be readily used in epidemiological studies and in assessing risk of Fusarium mycotoxin contamination in wheat samples.
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Zhou JH, Gong TQ, Jiang YG, Wang RW, Zhao YP, Tan QY, Ma Z, Lin YD, Deng B. Management of delayed intrathoracic esophageal perforation with modified intraluminal esophageal stent. Dis Esophagus 2009; 22:434-8. [PMID: 19191858 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2008.00927.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we reviewed our experience of treatment of the delayed intrathoracic nonmalignant esophageal perforation employing modified intraluminal esophageal stent. Between February 1990 and August 2006, eight patients were included in this study. Five patients experienced sepsis. The interval time between perforation and stent placement ranged from 36 h to 27 days (average, 8.6 days). Esophageal stenting and throracotomy for foreign body removal were performed in four patients. The remaining four patients underwent stent placement and thoracostomy. Nutrition was initiated through gastrostomy after 7 to 10 days after the stenting. The stent was removed after the patients resumed oral intake of food and the esophagogram showed that perforation was closed. There was no death in this group. Signs of sepsis remitted 1 week after stent placement. Complications included stress ulcer, stimulative cough, and pneumonia each. Stent removal ranged 32 to 120 days (average 66.7) after its placement. The stent was kept in place for 4 months to prevent formation of esophageal stricture in one patient with caustic esophageal burns. The follow-up was completed in all the patients. The mean follow-up period was 59 months (range 12-180). One patient with caustic esophageal burn underwent cicatricial esophagectomy and gastric transposition 3 years later due to the esophageal stricture. Barium swallow demonstrated that there was a diverticulum-like outpouching in one patient and slight esophageal stricture at T2 and T3 level in another. One patient developed reflux esophagitis 5 years after stent removal. All the patients finally had a normal intake of food. Modified esophageal stenting is an effective method to manage the delayed intrathoracic esophageal perforation. Prevention of stent migration and its convenient adjustment might be the major advantages of this method.
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Li C, Zhu YL, Xue JH, Zhang SL, Ma Z, Shi ZD. Immunization against inhibin enhances both embryo quantity and quality in Holstein heifers after superovulation and insemination with sex-sorted semen. Theriogenology 2009; 71:1011-7. [PMID: 19144396 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2008] [Revised: 10/18/2008] [Accepted: 11/14/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to investigate the feasibility of improving embryo yield in superovulated cows following insemination with sex-sorted semen by prior immunization against inhibin. Twenty-eight heifers were allocated into three groups: High (n=10), Low (n=10), and Control (n=8). The High group received one primary (1mg) and two booster (0.5mg) vaccinations (28-d intervals) with a recombinant inhibin alpha-subunit in 1 mL of white oil adjuvant, whereas the Low group received half that dose, and the Control group received only adjuvant. After the last immunization, all heifers underwent a standard superovulation treatment (decreasing doses of pFSH for 4d), followed by two AI with 2 x 10(6) sex-sorted semen after the onset of estrus. Inhibin-immunized heifers had higher (P<0.01) plasma antibody titres, and an earlier onset of estrus (P<0.05) than Control heifers. The total number of embryo/ova, transferable, and grade 1 embryos in the High group (15.4+/-1.9, 5.7+/-0.7, and 3.8+/-1.0, respectively) was significantly greater than that of the Control group (9.1+/-1.2, 3.1+/-0.5, and 0.6+/-0.2), but was intermediate (P>0.05) in the Low group (13.0+/-2.3, 4.4+/-0.7, and 1.2+/-0.3). There were no significant differences among groups in number of unfertilized ova and degenerated embryos. The High group also had higher (P>0.05) plasma progesterone concentrations on the day of embryo collection. In conclusion, immunization against inhibin improved both embryo quantity and quality following superovulation and insemination with sex-sorted semen.
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Li J, Ma Z, Wang J, Lu J, Fan T, Guo S, Wang Y. The Influence of Active Breathing Control on the Dose Distribution in the Target of Forward Whole-breast Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy after Breast-conservative Surgery. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tao G, Yew D, Gu T, Liu S, Ma Z, Zhan X, Cheng L, Li C. Sex-related differences in the anteroposterior diameter of the foetal cisterna magna. Clin Radiol 2008; 63:1015-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2008.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2007] [Revised: 02/19/2008] [Accepted: 02/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Wei X, Ma Z, Fontanilla CV, Zhao L, Xu ZC, Taggliabraci V, Johnstone BH, Dodel RC, Farlow MR, Du Y. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester prevents cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity. Neuroscience 2008; 155:1098-105. [PMID: 18657598 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2008] [Revised: 05/27/2008] [Accepted: 06/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is an active component of propolis obtained from honeybee hives and is found to have the following properties: anti-mitogenic, anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant. Recent reports suggest that CAPE also has a neuronal protective property against ischemic injury. Since excitotoxicity may play an important role in ischemia, in this study, we investigated whether CAPE could directly protect neurons against excitotoxic insult. We treated cultured rat cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) with excitotoxic concentrations of glutamate in the presence or absence of CAPE and found that CAPE markedly protected neurons against glutamate-induced neuronal death in a concentration-dependent fashion. Glutamate-induced CGNs death is associated with time-dependent activation of caspase-3 and phosphorylation of p38, both events of which can be blocked by CAPE. Treating CGNs with specific inhibitors of these two enzymes together exerts a synergistic neuroprotective effect, similar to the neuroprotective effect of CAPE exposure. These results suggest that CAPE is able to block glutamate-induced excitotoxicity by inhibiting phosphorylation of p38 and caspase-3 activation. This finding may further help understanding of the mechanism of glutamate-induced neuronal death and CAPE-induced neuroprotection against excitotoxicity.
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Ma Z, Coker DF. Quantum initial condition sampling for linearized density matrix dynamics: Vibrational pure dephasing of iodine in krypton matrices. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:244108. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2944270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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273
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Li JB, Fan T, Lu J, Ma Z. Clinical application of three-dimensional conformal partial breast external-beam irradiation after breast-conserving surgery in China. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.11591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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274
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Yan L, Zhang C, Ding L, Ma Z. Development of a real-time PCR assay for the detection of Cladosporium fulvum in tomato leaves. J Appl Microbiol 2008; 104:1417-24. [PMID: 18266707 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03660.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to develop a sensitive real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for the rapid detection of Cladosporium fulvum in tomato leaves. METHODS AND RESULTS Three PCR primer pairs were designed based on the nucleotide sequences of: (i) the internal transcribed spacer regions of ribosomal RNA; (ii) a microsatellite region amplified by the microsatellite primer M13; and (iii) the beta-tubulin gene of C. fulvum. Each primer pair amplified the expected target DNA fragment from geographically diverse isolates of C. fulvum. No PCR products were amplified with these primer pairs from DNA of other fungal species. Among the three pairs of primers, the primer pair CfF1/CfR1 developed based on the microsatellite region was the most sensitive. Using this sensitive primer pair, a real-time PCR assay was developed to detect early infection of C. fulvum in tomato leaves. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY DNA regions amplified by the microsatellite primer M13 have a high potential for developing highly sensitive species-specific PCR primers for the detection of phytopathogenic fungi. The real-time PCR assay developed in this study is useful in monitoring early infection of C. fulvum, and can help growers make timely decisions on fungicide application.
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Peng Y, Lee DYW, Jiang L, Ma Z, Schachter SC, Lemere CA. Huperzine A regulates amyloid precursor protein processing via protein kinase C and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells over-expressing wild type human amyloid precursor protein 695. Neuroscience 2007; 150:386-95. [PMID: 17945434 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2007] [Revised: 09/04/2007] [Accepted: 10/04/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-secretase (alpha-secretase), cleaves the amyloid precursor protein (APP) within the amyloid-beta (Abeta) sequence, resulting in the release of a secreted fragment of APP (alphaAPPs) and precluding Abeta generation. We investigated the effects of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, huperzine A (Hup A), on APP processing and Abeta generation in human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells overexpressing wild-type human APP695. Hup A dose-dependently (0-10 microM) increased alphaAPPs release. Therefore, we evaluated two alpha-secretase candidates, a disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) 10 and ADAM17 in Hup A-induced non-amyloidogenic APP metabolism. Hup A enhanced the level of ADAM10, and the inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor-alpha converting enzyme (TACE)/ADAM17 inhibited the Hup A-induced rise in alphaAPPs levels, further suggesting Hup A directed APP metabolism toward the non-amyloidogenic alpha-secretase pathway. Hup A had no effect on Abeta generation in this cell line. The steady-state levels of full-length APP and cell viability were unaffected by Hup A. Alpha-APPs release induced by Hup A treatment was significantly reduced by muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists (particularly by an M1 antagonist), protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors, GF109203X and calphostin C, and the mitogen-activated kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitors, U0126 and PD98059. Furthermore, Hup A markedly increased the phosphorylation of p44/p42 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, which was blocked by treatment with U0126 and PD98059. In addition, Hup A inhibited acetylcholinesterase activity by 20% in neuroblastoma cells. Our results indicate that the activation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, PKC and MAP kinase may be involved in Hup A-induced alphaAPPs secretion in neuroblastoma cells and suggest multiple pharmacological mechanisms of Hup A regarding the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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