2851
|
Zhang S, Qu B, Wu L, Wang Z. e0242 Changes of adiponectin expression in acute myocardial infarction rats and the significance of bisoprolol intervention. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2010.208967.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
2852
|
Wang Z, Han Y, Liang Y, Liang M. e0551 Radiofrequency catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia in patients with structural heart diseases using CARTO electroanatomic mapping system and a salineirrigated tip catheter. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2010.208967.551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
2853
|
Hu WT, Wang Z, Lee VMY, Trojanowski JQ, Detre JA, Grossman M. Distinct cerebral perfusion patterns in FTLD and AD. Neurology 2010; 75:881-8. [PMID: 20819999 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181f11e35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined the utility of distinguishing between patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and Alzheimer disease (AD) using quantitative cerebral blood flow (CBF) imaging with arterial spin labeled (ASL) perfusion MRI. METHODS Forty-two patients with FTLD and 18 patients with AD, defined by autopsy or CSF-derived biomarkers for AD, and 23 matched controls were imaged with a continuous ASL method to quantify CBF maps covering the entire brain. RESULTS Patients with FTLD and AD showed distinct patterns of hypoperfusion and hyperperfusion. Compared with controls, patients with FTLD showed significant hypoperfusion in regions of the frontal lobe bilaterally, and hyperperfusion in posterior cingulate and medial parietal/precuneus regions. Compared with controls, patients with AD showed significant hypoperfusion in the medial parietal/precuneus and lateral parietal cortex, and hyperperfusion in regions of the frontal lobe. Direct comparison of patient groups showed significant inferior, medial, and dorsolateral frontal hypoperfusion in FTLD, and significant hypoperfusion in bilateral lateral temporal-parietal and medial parietal/precuneus regions in AD. CONCLUSIONS Doubly dissociated areas of hypoperfusion in FTLD and AD are consistent with areas of significant histopathologic burden in these groups. ASL is a potentially useful biomarker for distinguishing patients with these neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
|
2854
|
Cai YY, Yap CW, Wang Z, Ho PC, Chan SY, Ng KY, Ge ZG, Lin HS. ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Solubilization of vorinostat by cyclodextrins. J Clin Pharm Ther 2010; 35:521-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2710.2009.01095.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
2855
|
Gao J, Li T, Hou XC, Wang Z, Kong L, Chen JH. Selection of the distraction implant length with improved biomechanical properties by three-dimensional finite element analysis. J Oral Rehabil 2010; 38:270-7. [PMID: 20819137 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2010.02154.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the distraction length of distraction implant was set as input variable which ranged from 2 to 10 mm. The effect of distraction length on the maximum Von Mises stress in the jaw bones and the implant were evaluated by a finite element method. The results showed that under axial load, the maximum equivalent stresses in cortical bone, cancellous bone, and distraction screw decreased by 5·8%, 8·6%, and 11·0%, respectively, with the changing of distraction length, and under buccolingual load those decreased by 0·3%, 18·0%, and 13·0%, respectively. The data indicate that cancellous bone is more sensitive to distraction length than the cortical bone. Under both loads, the central distraction screw was subjected to the stress concentration and more easily damaged by buccolingual force than by axial force. Distraction implant with distraction length exceeding 8 mm showed relatively better biomechanical behaviour.
Collapse
|
2856
|
Azmi AS, Philip PA, Beck FWJ, Wang Z, Banerjee S, Wang S, Yang D, Sarkar FH, Mohammad RM. MI-219-zinc combination: a new paradigm in MDM2 inhibitor-based therapy. Oncogene 2010; 30:117-26. [PMID: 20818437 PMCID: PMC3000878 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Zinc plays a crucial role in the biology of p53 in that p53 binds to DNA through a structurally complex domain stabilized by zinc atom. The p53 negative regulator MDM2 protein also carries a C-terminal RING domain that coordinates two zinc atoms which are responsible for p53 nuclear export and proteasomal degradation. In this clinically translatable study, we explored the critical role of zinc on p53 re-activation by MDM2-inhibitor MI-219 in colon and breast cancer cells. ZnCl2 enhanced MI-219 activity (MTT, apoptosis and colony formation), and chelation of zinc not only blocked the activity of MI-219, it also suppressed re-activation of the p53 and its downstream effector molecules p21WAF1 and Bax. TPEN, a specific zinc chelator but not Bapta-AM, a calcium chelator, blocked MI-219-induced apoptosis. Nuclear localization is a pre-requisite for proper functioning of p53 and our results confirm that TPEN and not Bapta-AM could abrogate p53 nuclear localization and interfered with p53 transcriptional activation. Addition of zinc suppressed the known p53 feedback MDM2 activation which could be restored by TPEN. Co-immunoprecipitation studies verified that MI-219-mediated MDM2-p53 disruption could be suppressed by TPEN and restored by zinc. As such, single agent therapies that target MDM2 inhibition, without supplemental zinc, may not be optimal in certain patients due to the less recognized mild zinc deficiency among the “at risk population” as in the elderly which are more prone to cancers. Therefore, use of supplemental zinc with MI-219 will benefit the overall efficacy of MDM2 inhibitors and this potent combination warrants further investigation.
Collapse
|
2857
|
Weng JY, Du X, Geng SX, Peng YW, Wang Z, Lu ZS, Wu SJ, Luo CW, Guo R, Ling W, Deng CX, Liao PJ, Xiang AP. Mesenchymal stem cell as salvage treatment for refractory chronic GVHD. Bone Marrow Transplant 2010; 45:1732-40. [PMID: 20818445 PMCID: PMC3035976 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2010.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Refractory chronic GVHD (cGVHD) is an important complication after allogeneic hematopoietic SCT and is prognostic of poor outcome. MSCs are involved in tissue repair and modulating immune responses in vitro and in vivo. From April 2005 to October 2008, 19 patients with refractory cGVHD were treated with MSCs derived from the BM of volunteers. The median dose of MSCs was 0.6 × 10(6) cells per kg body weight. Fourteen of 19 patients (73.7%) responded well to MSCs, achieving a CR (n=4) or a PR (n=10). The immunosuppressive agent could be tapered to less than 50% of the starting dose in 5 of 14 surviving patients, and five patients could discontinue immunosuppressive agents. The median duration between MSC administration and immunosuppressive therapy discontinuation was 324 days (range, 200-550 days). No patients experienced adverse events during or immediately after MSC infusion. The 2-year survival rate was 77.7% in this study. Clinical improvement was accompanied by the increasing ratio of CD5+CD19+/CD5-CD19+ B cells and CD8+CD28-/CD8+CD28+ T cells. In conclusion, transfusion of MSCs expanded in vitro, irrespective of the donor, might be a safe and effective salvage therapy for patients with steroid-resistant, cGVHD.
Collapse
|
2858
|
Mujibi FDN, Moore SS, Nkrumah DJ, Wang Z, Basarab JA. Season of testing and its effect on feed intake and efficiency in growing beef cattle. J Anim Sci 2010; 88:3789-99. [PMID: 20817857 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2009-2407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study sought to assess whether residual feed intake (RFI) calculated by regressing feed intake (DMI) on growth rate (ADG) and metabolic mid-BW in 3 different ways led to similar estimates of genetic parameters and variance components for young growing cattle tested for feed intake in fall and winter seasons. A total of 378 beef steers in 5 cohorts were fed a typical high energy feedlot diet and had free-choice access to feed and water. Feed intake data were collected in fall or winter seasons. Climate data were obtained from the University of Alberta Kinsella meteorological station and Vikings AGCM station. Individual animal RFI was obtained by either fitting a regression model to each test group separately (RFI(C)), fitting a regression model to pooled data consisting of all cohorts but including test group as a fixed effect (RFI(O)), or fitting a regression to pooled data with test group as a fixed effect but within seasonal (fall-winter or winter-spring) groups (RFI(S)). Two animal models (M1 and M2) that differed by the inclusion of fixed effects of test group or season, respectively, were used to evaluate RFI measurements. Feed intake was correlated with air temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation, and wind speed (-0.26, 0.23, 0.30, -0.14 for fall-winter and 0.31, -0.04, 0.14, 0.16 for winter-spring, respectively), but the nature and magnitude of the correlations were different for the 2 seasons. Single trait direct heritability, model likelihood, direct genetic variance, and EBV accuracy estimates were greatest for RFI(C) and least for RFI(O) for both M1 and M2 models. A significant genetic correlation was also observed between RFI(O) and ADG, but not for RFI(C) and RFI(S). Including a season effect (M2) in the genetic evaluation of RFI(O) resulted in the smallest heritability, model LogL, EBV accuracy, and largest residual variance estimates. These results, though not conclusive, suggest a possible effect of seasonality on feed intake and thus feed efficiency.
Collapse
|
2859
|
Durunna ON, Mujibi FDN, Goonewardene L, Okine EK, Basarab JA, Wang Z, Moore SS. Feed efficiency differences and reranking in beef steers fed grower and finisher diets. J Anim Sci 2010; 89:158-67. [PMID: 20817856 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2009-2514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This 3-yr study used 490 steers to determine whether feedlot steers changed their feed efficiency (FE) ranking when fed a grower diet, then a finisher diet. The steers were crossbreds and were between 5 to 7 mo of age. There were 2 feeding periods each year. Within each year, approximately 90 steers had their diet switched from a grower to a finisher diet (feed-swap group), whereas another 90 steers were fed either the grower (grower-fed group) or the finisher (finisher-fed group) diet throughout the feeding trial. Each feeding test lasted for a minimum of 10 wk, and all steers were fed ad libitum. Individual animal feed intakes were collected using the GrowSafe feeding system, and BW were measured every 2 wk. Residual feed intake (RFI), G:F, and Kleiber ratio (KR) were computed at the end of each feeding period. For each measure of efficiency, animals were classified as low, medium, or high based on 0.5 SD from the mean. The majority of steers did not maintain the previous efficiency class in the second period. Approximately 58, 51, and 51% of steers in the feed-swap group, finisher-fed group, and the grower-fed group, respectively, changed their RFI measure by 0.5 SD. A low rank correlation occurred in all test groups but was less in the feed-swap group. Spearman rank correlations between the 2 feeding periods in the feed-swap group were 0.33, 0.20, and 0.31 for RFI, G:F, and KR, respectively. Classifications based on G:F and KR showed that a greater number of steers (P < 0.05) in the feed-swap group did not maintain their FE class from 1 feeding regimen to the other, whereas classification based on RFI did not show any difference (P > 0.05) between the proportions of individuals that changed or maintained their FE class. In the groups without a feed-swap, there was no difference (P > 0.05) in the proportion of steers that changed or maintained the same FE class for all FE measures. Our results suggest that diet type and feeding period affect the FE ranking in beef steers. A feedlot diet is ideal for evaluating the FE potential of steers for feedlot profitability; however, we suggest that tests involving less dense diets should be examined in an effort to understand the relationships between FE and feeder profitability.
Collapse
|
2860
|
Wang Z, Xiao ZP. Magnetic resonance imaging study of hippocampus structural alterations in post-traumatic stress disorder: a brief review (translated version). East Asian Arch Psychiatry 2010; 20:138-144. [PMID: 22348867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder is a disabling condition that may affect individuals who have been exposed to severe emotional or physically life-threatening traumatic events. The majority of neuroimaging studies of post-traumatic stress disorder have focused on potential abnormalities in the hippocampus, a brain area that plays a critical role in memory processing and biological response to stress. Most of the imaging studies have found smaller volume of the hippocampus as measured with magnetic resonance imaging in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder while others failed to reveal hippocampal volume loss. We reviewed magnetic resonance imaging researches which focused on the hippocampal structural alteration of post-traumatic stress disorder in different populations (adults and children), with different research design (cross-sectional and longitudinal), and using different volume measure protocols (hippocampal total volume and subfield volume).
Collapse
|
2861
|
Tang G, Li X, Wang Z. WITHDRAWN: Developing marker-assisted models for evaluating growth traits in Canadian beef cattle genetic improvement. Livest Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2010.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
2862
|
Stallones L, Xiang H, Wang Z. USA-China Agricultural Injury Research Training. Inj Prev 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/ip.2010.029215.404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
2863
|
Zhou J, Qiu J, Zhang L, Wang Z, Wang S. Present status and problems of traffic injuries in China. Inj Prev 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/ip.2010.029215.485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
2864
|
Ye SY, Menietti JD, Fischer G, Wang Z, Cecconi B, Gurnett DA, Kurth WS. Z mode waves as the source of Saturn narrowband radio emissions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009ja015167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
2865
|
Anzures G, Ge L, Wang Z, Itakura S, Lee K. An Own-Age Bias in Adults' Facial Age Judgments. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/10.7.624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
2866
|
Hao X, Fredrickson TN, Chattopadhyay SK, Han W, Qi CF, Wang Z, Ward JM, Hartley JW, Morse HC. The histopathologic and molecular basis for the diagnosis of histiocytic sarcoma and histiocyte-associated lymphoma of mice. Vet Pathol 2010; 47:434-45. [PMID: 20472805 DOI: 10.1177/0300985810363705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) and histiocyte-associated lymphoma (HAL) of mice are difficult to distinguish histologically. Studies of multiple cases initially diagnosed as HS or HAL allowed us to define HS as round, fusiform, or mixed cell types that were F4/80+, Mac-2+, and PAX5-; that lacked markers for other sarcomas; and that had immune receptor genes in germline configuration. Two other subsets had clonal populations of lymphocytes. The first, HAL, featured malignant lymphocytes admixed with large populations of normal-appearing histiocytes. The second appeared to be composites of lymphoma and HS. Several cases suggestive of B myeloid-lineage plasticity were also observed.
Collapse
|
2867
|
Luo Y, Liu M, Xia Y, Dai Y, Chou G, Wang Z. Therapeutic effect of norisoboldine, an alkaloid isolated from Radix Linderae, on collagen-induced arthritis in mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 17:726-31. [PMID: 20363113 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2010.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2009] [Revised: 11/24/2009] [Accepted: 01/25/2010] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The alkaloid fraction of Radix Linderae, the main active component of this herb drug, has been proven to exhibit anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antimicrobial activities. The present study was undertaken to investigate the therapeutic potential of norisoboldine, the major isoquinoline alkaloid present in Radix Linderae, in collagen II -induced arthritis (CIA) of mice as well as the possible mechanisms. CIA was induced in mice by immunization with chicken type II collagen (II). After boosted on day 21, mice were treated with norisoboldine (10, 20, 40 mg/kg) for twenty consecutive days. The clinical scores, body weight changes and joint histopathology were evaluated. Norisoboldine treatment significantly alleviated the severity of the disease, based on the reduced clinical scores and elevated the lowered body weights of model mice. Meanwhile, this alkaloid dose-dependently reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells, synovial hyperplasia and protected joint from destruction. Additionally, the serum level of anti-CII IgG and the CII-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation were remarkably decreased in the groups administered with norisoboldine. An assessment of Th1 function using the delayed-type hypersensitivity model confirmed that norisoboldine also significantly suppressed the enhanced T cell responses in vivo. These findings suggest that norisoboldine might be a potential therapeutic agent for rheumatoid arthritis, and it functions through protecting joint destruction as well as regulating the abnormal immune responses.
Collapse
|
2868
|
Egusa S, Wang Z, Chocat N, Ruff ZM, Stolyarov AM, Shemuly D, Sorin F, Rakich PT, Joannopoulos JD, Fink Y. Multimaterial piezoelectric fibres. NATURE MATERIALS 2010; 9:643-648. [PMID: 20622864 DOI: 10.1038/nmat2792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2010] [Accepted: 05/27/2010] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Fibre materials span a broad range of applications ranging from simple textile yarns to complex modern fibre-optic communication systems. Throughout their history, a key premise has remained essentially unchanged: fibres are static devices, incapable of controllably changing their properties over a wide range of frequencies. A number of approaches to realizing time-dependent variations in fibres have emerged, including refractive index modulation, nonlinear optical mechanisms in silica glass fibres and electroactively modulated polymer fibres. These approaches have been limited primarily because of the inert nature of traditional glassy fibre materials. Here we report the composition of a phase internal to a composite fibre structure that is simultaneously crystalline and non-centrosymmetric. A ferroelectric polymer layer of 30 mum thickness is spatially confined and electrically contacted by internal viscous electrodes and encapsulated in an insulating polymer cladding hundreds of micrometres in diameter. The structure is thermally drawn in its entirety from a macroscopic preform, yielding tens of metres of piezoelectric fibre. The fibres show a piezoelectric response and acoustic transduction from kilohertz to megahertz frequencies. A single-fibre electrically driven device containing a high-quality-factor Fabry-Perot optical resonator and a piezoelectric transducer is fabricated and measured.
Collapse
|
2869
|
Al Labadi L, Wang Z. Modified Wynn's Sequential Algorithm for Constructing D-Optimal Designs: Adding Two Points at a Time. COMMUN STAT-THEOR M 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/03610920903145147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
2870
|
Khachatryan V, Sirunyan AM, Tumasyan A, Adam W, Bergauer T, Dragicevic M, Erö J, Fabjan C, Friedl M, Frühwirth R, Ghete VM, Hammer J, Hänsel S, Hoch M, Hörmann N, Hrubec J, Jeitler M, Kasieczka G, Kiesenhofer W, Krammer M, Liko D, Mikulec I, Pernicka M, Rohringer H, Schöfbeck R, Strauss J, Taurok A, Teischinger F, Waltenberger W, Walzel G, Widl E, Wulz CE, Mossolov V, Shumeiko N, Suarez Gonzalez J, Benucci L, Ceard L, De Wolf EA, Hashemi M, Janssen X, Maes T, Mucibello L, Ochesanu S, Roland B, Rougny R, Selvaggi M, Van Haevermaet H, Van Mechelen P, Van Remortel N, Adler V, Beauceron S, Blyweert S, D'Hondt J, Devroede O, Kalogeropoulos A, Maes J, Maes M, Tavernier S, Van Doninck W, Van Mulders P, Villella I, Chabert EC, Charaf O, Clerbaux B, De Lentdecker G, Dero V, Gay APR, Hammad GH, Marage PE, Vander Velde C, Vanlaer P, Wickens J, Costantini S, Grunewald M, Klein B, Marinov A, Ryckbosch D, Thyssen F, Tytgat M, Vanelderen L, Verwilligen P, Walsh S, Zaganidis N, Basegmez S, Bruno G, Caudron J, De Favereau De Jeneret J, Delaere C, Demin P, Favart D, Giammanco A, Grégoire G, Hollar J, Lemaitre V, Militaru O, Ovyn S, Pagano D, Pin A, Piotrzkowski K, Quertenmont L, Schul N, Beliy N, Caebergs T, Daubie E, Alves GA, Pol ME, Souza MHG, Carvalho W, Da Costa EM, De Jesus Damiao D, De Oliveira Martins C, Fonseca De Souza S, Mundim L, Oguri V, Santoro A, Silva Do Amaral SM, Sznajder A, Torres Da Silva De Araujo F, Dias FA, Dias MAF, Fernandez Perez Tomei TR, Gregores EM, Marinho F, Novaes SF, Padula SS, Darmenov N, Dimitrov L, Genchev V, Iaydjiev P, Piperov S, Stoykova S, Sultanov G, Trayanov R, Vankov I, Dyulendarova M, Hadjiiska R, Kozhuharov V, Litov L, Marinova E, Mateev M, Pavlov B, Petkov P, Bian JG, Chen GM, Chen HS, Jiang CH, Liang D, Liang S, Wang J, Wang J, Wang X, Wang Z, Yang M, Zang J, Zhang Z, Ban Y, Guo S, Hu Z, Mao Y, Qian SJ, Teng H, Zhu B, Cabrera A, Carrillo Montoya CA, Gomez Moreno B, Ocampo Rios AA, Osorio Oliveros AF, Sanabria JC, Godinovic N, Lelas D, Lelas K, Plestina R, Polic D, Puljak I, Antunovic Z, Dzelalija M, Brigljevic V, Duric S, Kadija K, Morovic S, Attikis A, Fereos R, Galanti M, Mousa J, Nicolaou C, Papadakis A, Ptochos F, Razis PA, Rykaczewski H, Tsiakkouri D, Zinonos Z, Mahmoud M, Hektor A, Kadastik M, Kannike K, Müntel M, Raidal M, Rebane L, Azzolini V, Eerola P, Czellar S, Härkönen J, Heikkinen A, Karimäki V, Kinnunen R, Klem J, Kortelainen MJ, Lampén T, Lassila-Perini K, Lehti S, Lindén T, Luukka P, Mäenpää T, Tuominen E, Tuominiemi J, Tuovinen E, Ungaro D, Wendland L, Banzuzi K, Korpela A, Tuuva T, Sillou D, Besancon M, Dejardin M, Denegri D, Descamps J, Fabbro B, Faure JL, Ferri F, Ganjour S, Gentit FX, Givernaud A, Gras P, Hamel de Monchenault G, Jarry P, Locci E, Malcles J, Marionneau M, Millischer L, Rander J, Rosowsky A, Rousseau D, Titov M, Verrecchia P, Baffioni S, Bianchini L, Bluj M, Broutin C, Busson P, Charlot C, Dobrzynski L, Elgammal S, Granier de Cassagnac R, Haguenauer M, Kalinowski A, Miné P, Paganini P, Sabes D, Sirois Y, Thiebaux C, Zabi A, Agram JL, Besson A, Bloch D, Bodin D, Brom JM, Cardaci M, Conte E, Drouhin F, Ferro C, Fontaine JC, Gelé D, Goerlach U, Greder S, Juillot P, Karim M, Le Bihan AC, Mikami Y, Speck J, Van Hove P, Fassi F, Mercier D, Baty C, Beaupere N, Bedjidian M, Bondu O, Boudoul G, Boumediene D, Brun H, Chanon N, Chierici R, Contardo D, Depasse P, El Mamouni H, Fay J, Gascon S, Ille B, Kurca T, Le Grand T, Lethuillier M, Mirabito L, Perries S, Sordini V, Tosi S, Tschudi Y, Verdier P, Xiao H, Roinishvili V, Anagnostou G, Edelhoff M, Feld L, Heracleous N, Hindrichs O, Jussen R, Klein K, Merz J, Mohr N, Ostapchuk A, Perieanu A, Raupach F, Sammet J, Schael S, Sprenger D, Weber H, Weber M, Wittmer B, Actis O, Ata M, Bender W, Biallass P, Erdmann M, Frangenheim J, Hebbeker T, Hinzmann A, Hoepfner K, Hof C, Kirsch M, Klimkovich T, Kreuzer P, Lanske D, Magass C, Merschmeyer M, Meyer A, Papacz P, Pieta H, Reithler H, Schmitz SA, Sonnenschein L, Sowa M, Steggemann J, Teyssier D, Zeidler C, Bontenackels M, Davids M, Duda M, Flügge G, Geenen H, Giffels M, Haj Ahmad W, Heydhausen D, Kress T, Kuessel Y, Linn A, Nowack A, Perchalla L, Pooth O, Sauerland P, Stahl A, Thomas M, Tornier D, Zoeller MH, Aldaya Martin M, Behrenhoff W, Behrens U, Bergholz M, Borras K, Campbell A, Castro E, Dammann D, Eckerlin G, Flossdorf A, Flucke G, Geiser A, Hauk J, Jung H, Kasemann M, Katkov I, Kleinwort C, Kluge H, Knutsson A, Kuznetsova E, Lange W, Lohmann W, Mankel R, Marienfeld M, Melzer-Pellmann IA, Meyer AB, Mnich J, Mussgiller A, Olzem J, Parenti A, Raspereza A, Schmidt R, Schoerner-Sadenius T, Sen N, Stein M, Tomaszewska J, Volyanskyy D, Wissing C, Autermann C, Draeger J, Eckstein D, Enderle H, Gebbert U, Kaschube K, Kaussen G, Klanner R, Mura B, Naumann-Emme S, Nowak F, Sander C, Schettler H, Schleper P, Schröder M, Schum T, Schwandt J, Stadie H, Steinbrück G, Thomsen J, Wolf R, Bauer J, Buege V, Cakir A, Chwalek T, Daeuwel D, De Boer W, Dierlamm A, Dirkes G, Feindt M, Gruschke J, Hackstein C, Hartmann F, Heinrich M, Held H, Hoffmann KH, Honc S, Kuhr T, Martschei D, Mueller S, Müller T, Niegel M, Oberst O, Oehler A, Ott J, Peiffer T, Piparo D, Quast G, Rabbertz K, Ratnikov F, Renz M, Sabellek A, Saout C, Scheurer A, Schieferdecker P, Schilling FP, Schott G, Simonis HJ, Stober FM, Troendle D, Wagner-Kuhr J, Zeise M, Zhukov V, Ziebarth EB, Daskalakis G, Geralis T, Kyriakis A, Loukas D, Manolakos I, Markou A, Markou C, Mavrommatis C, Petrakou E, Gouskos L, Katsas P, Panagiotou A, Evangelou I, Kokkas P, Manthos N, Papadopoulos I, Patras V, Triantis FA, Aranyi A, Bencze G, Boldizsar L, Debreczeni G, Hajdu C, Horvath D, Kapusi A, Krajczar K, Laszlo A, Sikler F, Vesztergombi G, Beni N, Molnar J, Palinkas J, Szillasi Z, Veszpremi V, Raics P, Trocsanyi ZL, Ujvari B, Bansal S, Beri SB, Bhatnagar V, Jindal M, Kaur M, Kohli JM, Mehta MZ, Nishu N, Saini LK, Sharma A, Sharma R, Singh AP, Singh JB, Singh SP, Ahuja S, Bhattacharya S, Chauhan S, Choudhary BC, Gupta P, Jain S, Jain S, Kumar A, Ranjan K, Shivpuri RK, Choudhury RK, Dutta D, Kailas S, Kataria SK, Mohanty AK, Pant LM, Shukla P, Suggisetti P, Aziz T, Guchait M, Gurtu A, Maity M, Majumder D, Majumder G, Mazumdar K, Mohanty GB, Saha A, Sudhakar K, Wickramage N, Banerjee S, Dugad S, Mondal NK, Arfaei H, Bakhshiansohi H, Fahim A, Jafari A, Mohammadi Najafabadi M, Paktinat Mehdiabadi S, Safarzadeh B, Zeinali M, Abbrescia M, Barbone L, Colaleo A, Creanza D, De Filippis N, De Palma M, Dimitrov A, Fedele F, Fiore L, Iaselli G, Lusito L, Maggi G, Maggi M, Manna N, Marangelli B, My S, Nuzzo S, Pierro GA, Pompili A, Pugliese G, Romano F, Roselli G, Selvaggi G, Silvestris L, Trentadue R, Tupputi S, Zito G, Abbiendi G, Benvenuti AC, Bonacorsi D, Braibant-Giacomelli S, Capiluppi P, Castro A, Cavallo FR, Codispoti G, Cuffiani M, Fanfani A, Fasanella D, Giacomelli P, Giunta M, Grandi C, Marcellini S, Masetti G, Montanari A, Navarria FL, Odorici F, Perrotta A, Rossi AM, Rovelli T, Siroli G, Travaglini R, Albergo S, Cappello G, Chiorboli M, Costa S, Tricomi A, Tuve C, Barbagli G, Broccolo G, Ciulli V, Civinini C, D'Alessandro R, Focardi E, Frosali S, Gallo E, Genta C, Lenzi P, Meschini M, Paoletti S, Sguazzoni G, Tropiano A, Benussi L, Bianco S, Colafranceschi S, Fabbri F, Piccolo D, Fabbricatore P, Musenich R, Benaglia A, Cerati GB, De Guio F, Di Matteo L, Ghezzi A, Govoni P, Malberti M, Malvezzi S, Martelli A, Massironi A, Menasce D, Miccio V, Moroni L, Negri P, Paganoni M, Pedrini D, Ragazzi S, Redaelli N, Sala S, Salerno R, Tabarelli de Fatis T, Tancini V, Taroni S, Buontempo S, Cimmino A, De Cosa A, De Gruttola M, Fabozzi F, Iorio AOM, Lista L, Noli P, Paolucci P, Azzi P, Bacchetta N, Bellan P, Bisello D, Carlin R, Checchia P, Conti E, De Mattia M, Dorigo T, Dosselli U, Gasparini F, Gasparini U, Giubilato P, Gresele A, Lacaprara S, Lazzizzera I, Margoni M, Mazzucato M, Meneguzzo AT, Nespolo M, Perrozzi L, Pozzobon N, Ronchese P, Simonetto F, Torassa E, Tosi M, Vanini S, Zotto P, Zumerle G, Baesso P, Berzano U, Riccardi C, Torre P, Vitulo P, Viviani C, Biasini M, Bilei GM, Caponeri B, Fanò L, Lariccia P, Lucaroni A, Mantovani G, Menichelli M, Nappi A, Santocchia A, Servoli L, Valdata M, Volpe R, Azzurri P, Bagliesi G, Bernardini J, Boccali T, Castaldi R, Dagnolo RT, Dell'orso R, Fiori F, Foà L, Giassi A, Kraan A, Ligabue F, Lomtadze T, Martini L, Messineo A, Palla F, Palmonari F, Segneri G, Serban AT, Spagnolo P, Tenchini R, Tonelli G, Venturi A, Verdini PG, Barone L, Cavallari F, Del Re D, Di Marco E, Diemoz M, Franci D, Grassi M, Longo E, Organtini G, Palma A, Pandolfi F, Paramatti R, Rahatlou S, Amapane N, Arcidiacono R, Argiro S, Arneodo M, Biino C, Botta C, Cartiglia N, Castello R, Costa M, Demaria N, Graziano A, Mariotti C, Marone M, Maselli S, Migliore E, Mila G, Monaco V, Musich M, Obertino MM, Pastrone N, Pelliccioni M, Romero A, Ruspa M, Sacchi R, Solano A, Staiano A, Trocino D, Vilela Pereira A, Ambroglini F, Belforte S, Cossutti F, Della Ricca G, Gobbo B, Montanino D, Penzo A, Chang S, Chung J, Kim DH, Kim GN, Kim JE, Kong DJ, Park H, Son DC, Kim Z, Kim JY, Song S, Hong B, Kim H, Kim JH, Kim TJ, Lee KS, Moon DH, Park SK, Rhee HB, Sim KS, Choi M, Kang S, Kim H, Park C, Park IC, Park S, Choi S, Choi Y, Choi YK, Goh J, Lee J, Lee S, Seo H, Yu I, Janulis M, Martisiute D, Petrov P, Sabonis T, Castilla Valdez H, De La Cruz Burelo E, Lopez-Fernandez R, Sánchez Hernández A, Villaseñor-Cendejas LM, Carrillo Moreno S, Salazar Ibarguen HA, Casimiro Linares E, Morelos Pineda A, Reyes-Santos MA, Allfrey P, Krofcheck D, Tam J, Butler PH, Signal T, Williams JC, Ahmad M, Ahmed I, Asghar MI, Hoorani HR, Khan WA, Khurshid T, Qazi S, Cwiok M, Dominik W, Doroba K, Konecki M, Krolikowski J, Frueboes T, Gokieli R, Górski M, Kazana M, Nawrocki K, Szleper M, Wrochna G, Zalewski P, Almeida N, David A, Faccioli P, Ferreira Parracho PG, Gallinaro M, Mini G, Musella P, Nayak A, Raposo L, Ribeiro PQ, Seixas J, Silva P, Soares D, Varela J, Wöhri HK, Altsybeev I, Belotelov I, Bunin P, Finger M, Finger M, Golutvin I, Kamenev A, Karjavin V, Kozlov G, Lanev A, Moisenz P, Palichik V, Perelygin V, Shmatov S, Smirnov V, Volodko A, Zarubin A, Bondar N, Golovtsov V, Ivanov Y, Kim V, Levchenko P, Smirnov I, Sulimov V, Uvarov L, Vavilov S, Vorobyev A, Andreev Y, Gninenko S, Golubev N, Kirsanov M, Krasnikov N, Matveev V, Pashenkov A, Toropin A, Troitsky S, Epshteyn V, Gavrilov V, Ilina N, Kaftanov V, Kossov M, Krokhotin A, Kuleshov S, Oulianov A, Safronov G, Semenov S, Shreyber I, Stolin V, Vlasov E, Zhokin A, Boos E, Dubinin M, Dudko L, Ershov A, Gribushin A, Kodolova O, Lokhtin I, Obraztsov S, Petrushanko S, Sarycheva L, Savrin V, Snigirev A, Andreev V, Dremin I, Kirakosyan M, Rusakov SV, Vinogradov A, Azhgirey I, Bitioukov S, Datsko K, Grishin V, Kachanov V, Konstantinov D, Krychkine V, Petrov V, Ryutin R, Slabospitsky S, Sobol A, Sytine A, Tourtchanovitch L, Troshin S, Tyurin N, Uzunian A, Volkov A, Adzic P, Djordjevic M, Krpic D, Maletic D, Milosevic J, Puzovic J, Aguilar-Benitez M, Alcaraz Maestre J, Arce P, Battilana C, Calvo E, Cepeda M, Cerrada M, Chamizo Llatas M, Colino N, De La Cruz B, Diez Pardos C, Fernandez Bedoya C, Fernández Ramos JP, Ferrando A, Flix J, Fouz MC, Garcia-Abia P, Gonzalez Lopez O, Goy Lopez S, Hernandez JM, Josa MI, Merino G, Puerta Pelayo J, Redondo I, Romero L, Santaolalla J, Willmott C, Albajar C, de Trocóniz JF, Cuevas J, Fernandez Menendez J, Gonzalez Caballero I, Lloret Iglesias L, Vizan Garcia JM, Cabrillo IJ, Calderon A, Chuang SH, Diaz Merino I, Diez Gonzalez C, Duarte Campderros J, Fernandez M, Gomez G, Gonzalez Sanchez J, Gonzalez Suarez R, Jorda C, Lobelle Pardo P, Lopez Virto A, Marco J, Marco R, Martinez Rivero C, Martinez Ruiz Del Arbol P, Matorras F, Rodrigo T, Ruiz Jimeno A, Scodellaro L, Sobron Sanudo M, Vila I, Vilar Cortabitarte R, Abbaneo D, Auffray E, Baillon P, Ball AH, Barney D, Beaudette F, Bellan R, Benedetti D, Bernet C, Bialas W, Bloch P, Bocci A, Bolognesi S, Breuker H, Brona G, Bunkowski K, Camporesi T, Cano E, Cattai A, Cerminara G, Christiansen T, Coarasa Perez JA, Covarelli R, Curé B, Dahms T, De Roeck A, Elliott-Peisert A, Funk W, Gaddi A, Gennai S, Gerwig H, Gigi D, Gill K, Giordano D, Glege F, Gomez-Reino Garrido R, Gowdy S, Guiducci L, Hansen M, Hartl C, Harvey J, Hegner B, Henderson C, Hoffmann HF, Honma A, Innocente V, Janot P, Lecoq P, Leonidopoulos C, Lourenço C, Macpherson A, Mäki T, Malgeri L, Mannelli M, Masetti L, Mavromanolakis G, Meijers F, Mersi S, Meschi E, Moser R, Mozer MU, Mulders M, Nesvold E, Orsini L, Perez E, Petrilli A, Pfeiffer A, Pierini M, Pimiä M, Racz A, Rolandi G, Rovelli C, Rovere M, Sakulin H, Schäfer C, Schwick C, Segoni I, Sharma A, Siegrist P, Simon M, Sphicas P, Spiga D, Spiropulu M, Stöckli F, Traczyk P, Tropea P, Tsirou A, Veres GI, Vichoudis P, Voutilainen M, Zeuner WD, Bertl W, Deiters K, Erdmann W, Gabathuler K, Horisberger R, Ingram Q, Kaestli HC, König S, Kotlinski D, Langenegger U, Meier F, Renker D, Rohe T, Sibille J, Starodumov A, Caminada L, Chen Z, Cittolin S, Dissertori G, Dittmar M, Eugster J, Freudenreich K, Grab C, Hervé A, Hintz W, Lecomte P, Lustermann W, Marchica C, Meridiani P, Milenovic P, Moortgat F, Nardulli A, Nef P, Nessi-Tedaldi F, Pape L, Pauss F, Punz T, Rizzi A, Ronga FJ, Sala L, Sanchez AK, Sawley MC, Schinzel D, Stieger B, Tauscher L, Thea A, Theofilatos K, Treille D, Weber M, Wehrli L, Weng J, Amsler C, Chiochia V, De Visscher S, Ivova Rikova M, Millan Mejias B, Regenfus C, Robmann P, Rommerskirchen T, Schmidt A, Tsirigkas D, Wilke L, Chang YH, Chen KH, Chen WT, Go A, Kuo CM, Li SW, Lin W, Liu MH, Lu YJ, Wu JH, Yu SS, Bartalini P, Chang P, Chang YH, Chang YW, Chao Y, Chen KF, Hou WS, Hsiung Y, Kao KY, Lei YJ, Lin SW, Lu RS, Shiu JG, Tzeng YM, Ueno K, Wang CC, Wang M, Wei JT, Adiguzel A, Ayhan A, Bakirci MN, Cerci S, Demir Z, Dozen C, Dumanoglu I, Eskut E, Girgis S, Gökbulut G, Güler Y, Gurpinar E, Hos I, Kangal EE, Karaman T, Kayis Topaksu A, Nart A, Onengüt G, Ozdemir K, Ozturk S, Polatöz A, Sahin O, Sengul O, Sogut K, Tali B, Topakli H, Uzun D, Vergili LN, Vergili M, Zorbilmez C, Akin IV, Aliev T, Bilmis S, Deniz M, Gamsizkan H, Guler AM, Ocalan K, Ozpineci A, Serin M, Sever R, Surat UE, Yildirim E, Zeyrek M, Deliomeroglu M, Demir D, Gülmez E, Halu A, Isildak B, Kaya M, Kaya O, Ozbek M, Ozkorucuklu S, Sonmez N, Levchuk L, Bell P, Bostock F, Brooke JJ, Cheng TL, Cussans D, Frazier R, Goldstein J, Hansen M, Heath GP, Heath HF, Hill C, Huckvale B, Jackson J, Kreczko L, Mackay CK, Metson S, Newbold DM, Nirunpong K, Smith VJ, Ward S, Basso L, Bell KW, Belyaev A, Brew C, Brown RM, Camanzi B, Cockerill DJA, Coughlan JA, Harder K, Harper S, Kennedy BW, Olaiya E, Petyt D, Radburn-Smith BC, Shepherd-Themistocleous CH, Tomalin IR, Womersley WJ, Worm SD, Bainbridge R, Ball G, Ballin J, Beuselinck R, Buchmuller O, Colling D, Cripps N, Cutajar M, Davies G, Della Negra M, Foudas C, Fulcher J, Futyan D, Guneratne Bryer A, Hall G, Hatherell Z, Hays J, Iles G, Karapostoli G, Lyons L, Magnan AM, Marrouche J, Nandi R, Nash J, Nikitenko A, Papageorgiou A, Pesaresi M, Petridis K, Pioppi M, Raymond DM, Rompotis N, Rose A, Ryan MJ, Seez C, Sharp P, Sparrow A, Stoye M, Tapper A, Tourneur S, Vazquez Acosta M, Virdee T, Wakefield S, Wardrope D, Whyntie T, Barrett M, Chadwick M, Cole JE, Hobson PR, Khan A, Kyberd P, Leslie D, Reid ID, Teodorescu L, Bose T, Clough A, Heister A, St John J, Lawson P, Lazic D, Rohlf J, Sulak L, Andrea J, Avetisyan A, Bhattacharya S, Chou JP, Cutts D, Esen S, Heintz U, Jabeen S, Kukartsev G, Landsberg G, Narain M, Nguyen D, Speer T, Tsang KV, Borgia MA, Breedon R, Calderon De La Barca Sanchez M, Cebra D, Chertok M, Conway J, Cox PT, Dolen J, Erbacher R, Friis E, Ko W, Kopecky A, Lander R, Liu H, Maruyama S, Miceli T, Nikolic M, Pellett D, Robles J, Schwarz T, Searle M, Smith J, Squires M, Tripathi M, Vasquez Sierra R, Veelken C, Andreev V, Arisaka K, Cline D, Cousins R, Deisher A, Erhan S, Farrell C, Felcini M, Hauser J, Ignatenko M, Jarvis C, Plager C, Rakness G, Schlein P, Tucker J, Valuev V, Wallny R, Babb J, Clare R, Ellison J, Gary JW, Hanson G, Jeng GY, Kao SC, Liu F, Liu H, Luthra A, Nguyen H, Pasztor G, Satpathy A, Shen BC, Stringer R, Sturdy J, Sumowidagdo S, Wilken R, Wimpenny S, Andrews W, Branson JG, Dusinberre E, Evans D, Golf F, Holzner A, Kelley R, Lebourgeois M, Letts J, Mangano B, Muelmenstaedt J, Padhi S, Palmer C, Petrucciani G, Pi H, Pieri M, Ranieri R, Sani M, Sharma V, Simon S, Tu Y, Vartak A, Würthwein F, Yagil A, Barge D, Blume M, Campagnari C, D'Alfonso M, Danielson T, Garberson J, Incandela J, Justus C, Kalavase P, Koay SA, Kovalskyi D, Krutelyov V, Lamb J, Lowette S, Pavlunin V, Rebassoo F, Ribnik J, Richman J, Rossin R, Stuart D, To W, Vlimant JR, Witherell M, Bornheim A, Bunn J, Gataullin M, Kcira D, Litvine V, Ma Y, Newman HB, Rogan C, Shin K, Timciuc V, Veverka J, Wilkinson R, Yang Y, Zhu RY, Akgun B, Carroll R, Ferguson T, Jang DW, Jun SY, Paulini M, Russ J, Terentyev N, Vogel H, Vorobiev I, Cumalat JP, Dinardo ME, Drell BR, Ford WT, Heyburn B, Luiggi Lopez E, Nauenberg U, Smith JG, Stenson K, Ulmer KA, Wagner SR, Zang SL, Agostino L, Alexander J, Blekman F, Chatterjee A, Das S, Eggert N, Fields LJ, Gibbons LK, Heltsley B, Hopkins W, Khukhunaishvili A, Kreis B, Kuznetsov V, Nicolas Kaufman G, Patterson JR, Puigh D, Riley D, Ryd A, Shi X, Sun W, Teo WD, Thom J, Thompson J, Vaughan J, Weng Y, Wittich P, Biselli A, Cirino G, Winn D, Abdullin S, Albrow M, Anderson J, Apollinari G, Atac M, Bakken JA, Banerjee S, Bauerdick LAT, Beretvas A, Berryhill J, Bhat PC, Bloch I, Borcherding F, Burkett K, Butler JN, Chetluru V, Cheung HWK, Chlebana F, Cihangir S, Demarteau M, Eartly DP, Elvira VD, Fisk I, Freeman J, Gao Y, Gottschalk E, Green D, Gutsche O, Hahn A, Hanlon J, Harris RM, James E, Jensen H, Johnson M, Joshi U, Khatiwada R, Kilminster B, Klima B, Kousouris K, Kunori S, Kwan S, Limon P, Lipton R, Lykken J, Maeshima K, Marraffino JM, Mason D, McBride P, McCauley T, Miao T, Mishra K, Mrenna S, Musienko Y, Newman-Holmes C, O'Dell V, Popescu S, Pordes R, Prokofyev O, Saoulidou N, Sexton-Kennedy E, Sharma S, Smith RP, Soha A, Spalding WJ, Spiegel L, Tan P, Taylor L, Tkaczyk S, Uplegger L, Vaandering EW, Vidal R, Whitmore J, Wu W, Yumiceva F, Yun JC, Acosta D, Avery P, Bourilkov D, Chen M, Di Giovanni GP, Dobur D, Drozdetskiy A, Field RD, Fu Y, Furic IK, Gartner J, Kim B, Klimenko S, Konigsberg J, Korytov A, Kotov K, Kropivnitskaya A, Kypreos T, Matchev K, Mitselmakher G, Pakhotin Y, Piedra Gomez J, Prescott C, Remington R, Schmitt M, Scurlock B, Sellers P, Wang D, Yelton J, Zakaria M, Ceron C, Gaultney V, Kramer L, Lebolo LM, Linn S, Markowitz P, Martinez G, Mesa D, Rodriguez JL, Adams T, Askew A, Chen J, Diamond B, Gleyzer SV, Haas J, Hagopian S, Hagopian V, Jenkins M, Johnson KF, Prosper H, Sekmen S, Veeraraghavan V, Baarmand MM, Guragain S, Hohlmann M, Kalakhety H, Mermerkaya H, Ralich R, Vodopiyanov I, Adams MR, Anghel IM, Apanasevich L, Bazterra VE, Betts RR, Callner J, Cavanaugh R, Dragoiu C, Garcia-Solis EJ, Gerber CE, Hofman DJ, Khalatian S, Lacroix F, Shabalina E, Smoron A, Strom D, Varelas N, Akgun U, Albayrak EA, Bilki B, Cankocak K, Clarida W, Duru F, Lae CK, McCliment E, Merlo JP, Mestvirishvili A, Moeller A, Nachtman J, Newsom CR, Norbeck E, Olson J, Onel Y, Ozok F, Sen S, Wetzel J, Yetkin T, Yi K, Barnett BA, Blumenfeld B, Bonato A, Eskew C, Fehling D, Giurgiu G, Gritsan AV, Guo ZJ, Hu G, Maksimovic P, Rappoccio S, Swartz M, Tran NV, Whitbeck A, Baringer P, Bean A, Benelli G, Grachov O, Murray M, Radicci V, Sanders S, Wood JS, Zhukova V, Bandurin D, Bolton T, Chakaberia I, Ivanov A, Kaadze K, Maravin Y, Shrestha S, Svintradze I, Wan Z, Gronberg J, Lange D, Wright D, Baden D, Boutemeur M, Eno SC, Ferencek D, Hadley NJ, Kellogg RG, Kirn M, Mignerey A, Rossato K, Rumerio P, Santanastasio F, Skuja A, Temple J, Tonjes MB, Tonwar SC, Twedt E, Alver B, Bauer G, Bendavid J, Busza W, Butz E, Cali IA, Chan M, D'Enterria D, Everaerts P, Gomez Ceballos G, Goncharov M, Hahn KA, Harris P, Kim Y, Klute M, Lee YJ, Li W, Loizides C, Luckey PD, Ma T, Nahn S, Paus C, Roland C, Roland G, Rudolph M, Stephans GSF, Sumorok K, Sung K, Wenger EA, Wyslouch B, Xie S, Yilmaz Y, Yoon AS, Zanetti M, Cole P, Cooper SI, Cushman P, Dahmes B, De Benedetti A, Dudero PR, Franzoni G, Haupt J, Klapoetke K, Kubota Y, Mans J, Rekovic V, Rusack R, Sasseville M, Singovsky A, Cremaldi LM, Godang R, Kroeger R, Perera L, Rahmat R, Sanders DA, Sonnek P, Summers D, Bloom K, Bose S, Butt J, Claes DR, Dominguez A, Eads M, Keller J, Kelly T, Kravchenko I, Lazo-Flores J, Lundstedt C, Malbouisson H, Malik S, Snow GR, Baur U, Iashvili I, Kharchilava A, Kumar A, Smith K, Strang M, Zennamo J, Alverson G, Barberis E, Baumgartel D, Boeriu O, Reucroft S, Swain J, Wood D, Zhang J, Anastassov A, Kubik A, Ofierzynski RA, Pozdnyakov A, Schmitt M, Stoynev S, Velasco M, Won S, Antonelli L, Berry D, Hildreth M, Jessop C, Karmgard DJ, Kolb J, Kolberg T, Lannon K, Lynch S, Marinelli N, Morse DM, Ruchti R, Slaunwhite J, Valls N, Warchol J, Wayne M, Ziegler J, Bylsma B, Durkin LS, Gu J, Killewald P, Ling TY, Williams G, Adam N, Berry E, Elmer P, Gerbaudo D, Halyo V, Hunt A, Jones J, Laird E, Lopes Pegna D, Marlow D, Medvedeva T, Mooney M, Olsen J, Piroué P, Stickland D, Tully C, Werner JS, Zuranski A, Acosta JG, Huang XT, Lopez A, Mendez H, Oliveros S, Ramirez Vargas JE, Zatzerklyaniy A, Alagoz E, Barnes VE, Bolla G, Borrello L, Bortoletto D, Everett A, Garfinkel AF, Gecse Z, Gutay L, Jones M, Koybasi O, Laasanen AT, Leonardo N, Liu C, Maroussov V, Merkel P, Miller DH, Neumeister N, Potamianos K, Shipsey I, Silvers D, Yoo HD, Zablocki J, Zheng Y, Jindal P, Parashar N, Cuplov V, Ecklund KM, Geurts FJM, Liu JH, Morales J, Padley BP, Redjimi R, Roberts J, Betchart B, Bodek A, Chung YS, de Barbaro P, Demina R, Flacher H, Garcia-Bellido A, Gotra Y, Han J, Harel A, Miner DC, Orbaker D, Petrillo G, Vishnevskiy D, Zielinski M, Bhatti A, Demortier L, Goulianos K, Hatakeyama K, Lungu G, Mesropian C, Yan M, Atramentov O, Gershtein Y, Gray R, Halkiadakis E, Hidas D, Hits D, Lath A, Rose K, Schnetzer S, Somalwar S, Stone R, Thomas S, Cerizza G, Hollingsworth M, Spanier S, Yang ZC, York A, Asaadi J, Eusebi R, Gilmore J, Gurrola A, Kamon T, Khotilovich V, Montalvo R, Nguyen CN, Pivarski J, Safonov A, Sengupta S, Toback D, Weinberger M, Akchurin N, Bardak C, Damgov J, Jeong C, Kovitanggoon K, Lee SW, Mane P, Roh Y, Sill A, Volobouev I, Wigmans R, Yazgan E, Appelt E, Brownson E, Engh D, Florez C, Gabella W, Johns W, Kurt P, Maguire C, Melo A, Sheldon P, Velkovska J, Arenton MW, Balazs M, Buehler M, Conetti S, Cox B, Hirosky R, Ledovskoy A, Neu C, Yohay R, Gollapinni S, Gunthoti K, Harr R, Karchin PE, Mattson M, Milstène C, Sakharov A, Anderson M, Bachtis M, Bellinger JN, Carlsmith D, Dasu S, Dutta S, Efron J, Gray L, Grogg KS, Grothe M, Herndon M, Klabbers P, Klukas J, Lanaro A, Lazaridis C, Leonard J, Lomidze D, Loveless R, Mohapatra A, Polese G, Reeder D, Savin A, Smith WH, Swanson J, Weinberg M. First measurement of Bose-Einstein correlations in proton-proton collisions at √s=0.9 and 2.36 TeV at the LHC. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:032001. [PMID: 20867758 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.032001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Bose-Einstein correlations have been measured using samples of proton-proton collisions at 0.9 and 2.36 TeV center-of-mass energies, recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The signal is observed in the form of an enhancement of pairs of same-sign charged particles with small relative four-momentum. The size of the correlated particle emission region is seen to increase significantly with the particle multiplicity of the event.
Collapse
|
2871
|
Sharma S, Free A, Mei Y, Peiper SC, Wang Z, Cowell JK. Distinct molecular signatures in pediatric infratentorial glioblastomas defined by aCGH. Exp Mol Pathol 2010; 89:169-74. [PMID: 20621092 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2010.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2010] [Accepted: 06/29/2010] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBM) are rare in children, but reportedly have more varied outcome which suggests differences in tumor etiology compared to typical GBM of adults. To investigate this we performed high resolution array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) analysis on three pediatric infratentorial GBM, ages 3.5, 7 and 14 years. Two of these tumors occurred in the brainstem and one in the spinal cord. While histologically typical, one brainstem tumor showed mainly pleomorphic astrocytic cells, whereas the other brainstem and spinal tumors showed a GFAP positive small cell component. Whole chromosomal gains (#1 and #2) and loss (#20) were seen only in the pleomorphic brainstem GBM, which also showed a high level of segmental genomic copy number changes. Segmental loss involving chromosome 8 was seen in all three tumors (Chr8;133039446-136869494, Chr8;pter-3581577, and Chr8;pter-30480019 respectively), whereas loss involving chromosome 16 was seen in only 2 cases with small cell components (Chr16;31827239-qter and Chr16;pter-29754532). Segmental gain of chromosome 7 was shared only between the 2 brainstem cases (Chr7;17187166-qter and Chr7;69824947-qter). Chromosome 17 showed segmental gain of 17q in the backdrop of loss of 17p only in case 1. Segmental gain of chromosome 1q was seen only in case 2. The spinal GBM showed a relatively stable karyotype with a unique loss of Chr19;32848902-qter. None of the frequent losses, gains and amplifications known to occur in adult GBM were identified, suggesting that pediatric infratentorial glioblastomas show a molecular karyotype that was more characteristic of pediatric embryonal tumors than adult GBM.
Collapse
|
2872
|
Khachatryan V, Sirunyan AM, Tumasyan A, Adam W, Bergauer T, Dragicevic M, Erö J, Fabjan C, Friedl M, Frühwirth R, Ghete VM, Hammer J, Hänsel S, Hoch M, Hörmann N, Hrubec J, Jeitler M, Kasieczka G, Kiesenhofer W, Krammer M, Liko D, Mikulec I, Pernicka M, Rohringer H, Schöfbeck R, Strauss J, Taurok A, Teischinger F, Waltenberger W, Walzel G, Widl E, Wulz CE, Mossolov V, Shumeiko N, Suarez Gonzalez J, Benucci L, Ceard L, De Wolf EA, Hashemi M, Janssen X, Maes T, Mucibello L, Ochesanu S, Roland B, Rougny R, Selvaggi M, Van Haevermaet H, Van Mechelen P, Van Remortel N, Adler V, Beauceron S, Blyweert S, D'Hondt J, Devroede O, Kalogeropoulos A, Maes J, Maes M, Tavernier S, Van Doninck W, Van Mulders P, Villella I, Chabert EC, Charaf O, Clerbaux B, De Lentdecker G, Dero V, Gay APR, Hammad GH, Marage PE, Vander Velde C, Vanlaer P, Wickens J, Costantini S, Grunewald M, Klein B, Marinov A, Ryckbosch D, Thyssen F, Tytgat M, Vanelderen L, Verwilligen P, Walsh S, Zaganidis N, Basegmez S, Bruno G, Caudron J, De Favereau De Jeneret J, Delaere C, Demin P, Favart D, Giammanco A, Grégoire G, Hollar J, Lemaitre V, Militaru O, Ovyn S, Pagano D, Pin A, Piotrzkowski K, Quertenmont L, Schul N, Beliy N, Caebergs T, Daubie E, Alves GA, Pol ME, Souza MHG, Carvalho W, Da Costa EM, De Jesus Damiao D, De Oliveira Martins C, Fonseca De Souza S, Mundim L, Oguri V, Santoro A, Silva Do Amaral SM, Sznajder A, Torres Da Silva De Araujo F, Dias FA, Dias MAF, Fernandez Perez Tomei TR, Gregores EM, Marinho F, Novaes SF, Padula SS, Darmenov N, Dimitrov L, Genchev V, Iaydjiev P, Piperov S, Stoykova S, Sultanov G, Trayanov R, Vankov I, Dyulendarova M, Hadjiiska R, Kozhuharov V, Litov L, Marinova E, Mateev M, Pavlov B, Petkov P, Bian JG, Chen GM, Chen HS, Jiang CH, Liang D, Liang S, Wang J, Wang J, Wang X, Wang Z, Yang M, Zang J, Zhang Z, Ban Y, Guo S, Hu Z, Mao Y, Qian SJ, Teng H, Zhu B, Cabrera A, Carrillo Montoya CA, Gomez Moreno B, Ocampo Rios AA, Osorio Oliveros AF, Sanabria JC, Godinovic N, Lelas D, Lelas K, Plestina R, Polic D, Puljak I, Antunovic Z, Dzelalija M, Brigljevic V, Duric S, Kadija K, Morovic S, Attikis A, Fereos R, Galanti M, Mousa J, Nicolaou C, Papadakis A, Ptochos F, Razis PA, Rykaczewski H, Tsiakkouri D, Zinonos Z, Mahmoud M, Hektor A, Kadastik M, Kannike K, Müntel M, Raidal M, Rebane L, Azzolini V, Eerola P, Czellar S, Härkönen J, Heikkinen A, Karimäki V, Kinnunen R, Klem J, Kortelainen MJ, Lampén T, Lassila-Perini K, Lehti S, Lindén T, Luukka P, Mäenpää T, Tuominen E, Tuominiemi J, Tuovinen E, Ungaro D, Wendland L, Banzuzi K, Korpela A, Tuuva T, Sillou D, Besancon M, Dejardin M, Denegri D, Descamps J, Fabbro B, Faure JL, Ferri F, Ganjour S, Gentit FX, Givernaud A, Gras P, Hamel de Monchenault G, Jarry P, Locci E, Malcles J, Marionneau M, Millischer L, Rander J, Rosowsky A, Rousseau D, Titov M, Verrecchia P, Baffioni S, Bianchini L, Bluj M, Broutin C, Busson P, Charlot C, Dobrzynski L, Elgammal S, Granier de Cassagnac R, Haguenauer M, Kalinowski A, Miné P, Paganini P, Sabes D, Sirois Y, Thiebaux C, Zabi A, Agram JL, Besson A, Bloch D, Bodin D, Brom JM, Cardaci M, Conte E, Drouhin F, Ferro C, Fontaine JC, Gelé D, Goerlach U, Greder S, Juillot P, Karim M, Le Bihan AC, Mikami Y, Speck J, Van Hove P, Fassi F, Mercier D, Baty C, Beaupere N, Bedjidian M, Bondu O, Boudoul G, Boumediene D, Brun H, Chanon N, Chierici R, Contardo D, Depasse P, El Mamouni H, Fay J, Gascon S, Ille B, Kurca T, Le Grand T, Lethuillier M, Mirabito L, Perries S, Tosi S, Tschudi Y, Verdier P, Xiao H, Roinishvili V, Anagnostou G, Edelhoff M, Feld L, Heracleous N, Hindrichs O, Jussen R, Klein K, Merz J, Mohr N, Ostapchuk A, Perieanu A, Raupach F, Sammet J, Schael S, Sprenger D, Weber H, Weber M, Wittmer B, Actis O, Ata M, Bender W, Biallass P, Erdmann M, Frangenheim J, Hebbeker T, Hinzmann A, Hoepfner K, Hof C, Kirsch M, Klimkovich T, Kreuzer P, Lanske D, Magass C, Merschmeyer M, Meyer A, Papacz P, Pieta H, Reithler H, Schmitz SA, Sonnenschein L, Sowa M, Steggemann J, Teyssier D, Zeidler C, Bontenackels M, Davids M, Duda M, Flügge G, Geenen H, Giffels M, Haj Ahmad W, Heydhausen D, Kress T, Kuessel Y, Linn A, Nowack A, Perchalla L, Pooth O, Sauerland P, Stahl A, Thomas M, Tornier D, Zoeller MH, Aldaya Martin M, Behrenhoff W, Behrens U, Bergholz M, Borras K, Campbell A, Castro E, Dammann D, Eckerlin G, Flossdorf A, Flucke G, Geiser A, Hauk J, Jung H, Kasemann M, Katkov I, Kleinwort C, Kluge H, Knutsson A, Kuznetsova E, Lange W, Lohmann W, Mankel R, Marienfeld M, Melzer-Pellmann IA, Meyer AB, Mnich J, Mussgiller A, Olzem J, Parenti A, Raspereza A, Schmidt R, Schoerner-Sadenius T, Sen N, Stein M, Tomaszewska J, Volyanskyy D, Wissing C, Autermann C, Draeger J, Eckstein D, Enderle H, Gebbert U, Kaschube K, Kaussen G, Klanner R, Mura B, Naumann-Emme S, Nowak F, Sander C, Schettler H, Schleper P, Schröder M, Schum T, Schwandt J, Stadie H, Steinbrück G, Thomsen J, Wolf R, Bauer J, Buege V, Cakir A, Chwalek T, Daeuwel D, De Boer W, Dierlamm A, Dirkes G, Feindt M, Gruschke J, Hackstein C, Hartmann F, Heinrich M, Held H, Hoffmann KH, Honc S, Kuhr T, Martschei D, Mueller S, Müller T, Niegel M, Oberst O, Oehler A, Ott J, Peiffer T, Piparo D, Quast G, Rabbertz K, Ratnikov F, Renz M, Sabellek A, Saout C, Scheurer A, Schieferdecker P, Schilling FP, Schott G, Simonis HJ, Stober FM, Troendle D, Wagner-Kuhr J, Zeise M, Zhukov V, Ziebarth EB, Daskalakis G, Geralis T, Kyriakis A, Loukas D, Manolakos I, Markou A, Markou C, Mavrommatis C, Petrakou E, Gouskos L, Katsas P, Panagiotou A, Evangelou I, Kokkas P, Manthos N, Papadopoulos I, Patras V, Triantis FA, Aranyi A, Bencze G, Boldizsar L, Debreczeni G, Hajdu C, Horvath D, Kapusi A, Krajczar K, Laszlo A, Sikler F, Vesztergombi G, Beni N, Molnar J, Palinkas J, Szillasi Z, Veszpremi V, Raics P, Trocsanyi ZL, Ujvari B, Bansal S, Beri SB, Bhatnagar V, Jindal M, Kaur M, Kohli JM, Mehta MZ, Nishu N, Saini LK, Sharma A, Sharma R, Singh AP, Singh JB, Singh SP, Ahuja S, Bhattacharya S, Chauhan S, Choudhary BC, Gupta P, Jain S, Jain S, Kumar A, Ranjan K, Shivpuri RK, Choudhury RK, Dutta D, Kailas S, Kataria SK, Mohanty AK, Pant LM, Shukla P, Suggisetti P, Aziz T, Guchait M, Gurtu A, Maity M, Majumder D, Majumder G, Mazumdar K, Mohanty GB, Saha A, Sudhakar K, Wickramage N, Banerjee S, Dugad S, Mondal NK, Arfaei H, Bakhshiansohi H, Fahim A, Jafari A, Mohammadi Najafabadi M, Paktinat Mehdiabadi S, Safarzadeh B, Zeinali M, Abbrescia M, Barbone L, Colaleo A, Creanza D, De Filippis N, De Palma M, Dimitrov A, Fedele F, Fiore L, Iaselli G, Lusito L, Maggi G, Maggi M, Manna N, Marangelli B, My S, Nuzzo S, Pierro GA, Pompili A, Pugliese G, Romano F, Roselli G, Selvaggi G, Silvestris L, Trentadue R, Tupputi S, Zito G, Abbiendi G, Benvenuti AC, Bonacorsi D, Braibant-Giacomelli S, Castro A, Cavallo FR, Codispoti G, Dallavalle GM, Fabbri F, Fanfani A, Fasanella D, Giacomelli P, Giunta M, Grandi C, Marcellini S, Masetti G, Montanari A, Navarria FL, Odorici F, Perrotta A, Rossi AM, Rovelli T, Siroli G, Travaglini R, Albergo S, Cappello G, Chiorboli M, Costa S, Tricomi A, Tuve C, Barbagli G, Broccolo G, Ciulli V, Civinini C, D'Alessandro R, Focardi E, Frosali S, Gallo E, Genta C, Lenzi P, Meschini M, Paoletti S, Sguazzoni G, Tropiano A, Benussi L, Bianco S, Colafranceschi S, Fabbri F, Piccolo D, Fabbricatore P, Musenich R, Benaglia A, Cerati GB, De Guio F, Di Matteo L, Ghezzi A, Govoni P, Malberti M, Malvezzi S, Martelli A, Massironi A, Menasce D, Miccio V, Moroni L, Negri P, Paganoni M, Pedrini D, Ragazzi S, Redaelli N, Sala S, Salerno R, Tabarelli de Fatis T, Tancini V, Taroni S, Buontempo S, Cimmino A, De Cosa A, De Gruttola M, Fabozzi F, Iorio AOM, Lista L, Noli P, Paolucci P, Azzi P, Bacchetta N, Bellan P, Bellato M, Biasotto M, Bisello D, Carlin R, Checchia P, De Mattia M, Dorigo T, Fanzago F, Gasparini F, Giubilato P, Gresele A, Lacaprara S, Lazzizzera I, Margoni M, Maron G, Meneguzzo AT, Nespolo M, Perrozzi L, Pozzobon N, Ronchese P, Simonetto F, Torassa E, Tosi M, Triossi A, Vanini S, Zumerle G, Baesso P, Berzano U, Riccardi C, Torre P, Vitulo P, Viviani C, Biasini M, Bilei GM, Caponeri B, Fanò L, Lariccia P, Lucaroni A, Mantovani G, Menichelli M, Nappi A, Santocchia A, Servoli L, Valdata M, Volpe R, Azzurri P, Bagliesi G, Bernardini J, Boccali T, Castaldi R, Dagnolo RT, Dell'Orso R, Fiori F, Foà L, Giassi A, Kraan A, Ligabue F, Lomtadze T, Martini L, Messineo A, Palla F, Palmonari F, Segneri G, Serban AT, Spagnolo P, Tenchini R, Tonelli G, Venturi A, Verdini PG, Barone L, Cavallari F, Del Re D, Di Marco E, Diemoz M, Franci D, Grassi M, Longo E, Organtini G, Palma A, Pandolfi F, Paramatti R, Rahatlou S, Amapane N, Arcidiacono R, Argiro S, Arneodo M, Biino C, Botta C, Cartiglia N, Castello R, Costa M, Demaria N, Graziano A, Mariotti C, Marone M, Maselli S, Migliore E, Mila G, Monaco V, Musich M, Obertino MM, Pastrone N, Pelliccioni M, Romero A, Ruspa M, Sacchi R, Solano A, Staiano A, Trocino D, Vilela Pereira A, Ambroglini F, Belforte S, Cossutti F, Della Ricca G, Gobbo B, Montanino D, Penzo A, Chang S, Chung J, Kim DH, Kim GN, Kim JE, Kong DJ, Park H, Son DC, Kim Z, Kim JY, Song S, Hong B, Kim H, Kim JH, Kim TJ, Lee KS, Moon DH, Park SK, Rhee HB, Sim KS, Choi M, Kang S, Kim H, Park C, Park IC, Park S, Choi S, Choi Y, Choi YK, Goh J, Lee J, Lee S, Seo H, Yu I, Janulis M, Martisiute D, Petrov P, Sabonis T, Castilla Valdez H, De La Cruz Burelo E, Lopez-Fernandez R, Sánchez Hernández A, Villaseñor-Cendejas LM, Carrillo Moreno S, Salazar Ibarguen HA, Casimiro Linares E, Morelos Pineda A, Reyes-Santos MA, Allfrey P, Krofcheck D, Tam J, Aumeyr T, Butler PH, Signal T, Williams JC, Ahmad M, Ahmed I, Asghar MI, Hoorani HR, Khan WA, Khurshid T, Qazi S, Cwiok M, Dominik W, Doroba K, Konecki M, Krolikowski J, Frueboes T, Gokieli R, Górski M, Kazana M, Nawrocki K, Szleper M, Wrochna G, Zalewski P, Almeida N, David A, Faccioli P, Ferreira Parracho PG, Gallinaro M, Mini G, Musella P, Nayak A, Raposo L, Ribeiro PQ, Seixas J, Silva P, Soares D, Varela J, Wöhri HK, Altsybeev I, Belotelov I, Bunin P, Finger M, Finger M, Golutvin I, Kamenev A, Karjavin V, Kozlov G, Lanev A, Moisenz P, Palichik V, Perelygin V, Shmatov S, Smirnov V, Volodko A, Zarubin A, Bondar N, Golovtsov V, Ivanov Y, Kim V, Levchenko P, Smirnov I, Sulimov V, Uvarov L, Vavilov S, Vorobyev A, Andreev Y, Gninenko S, Golubev N, Kirsanov M, Krasnikov N, Matveev V, Pashenkov A, Toropin A, Troitsky S, Epshteyn V, Gavrilov V, Ilina N, Kaftanov V, Kossov M, Krokhotin A, Kuleshov S, Oulianov A, Safronov G, Semenov S, Shreyber I, Stolin V, Vlasov E, Zhokin A, Boos E, Dubinin M, Dudko L, Ershov A, Gribushin A, Kodolova O, Lokhtin I, Obraztsov S, Petrushanko S, Sarycheva L, Savrin V, Snigirev A, Andreev V, Dremin I, Kirakosyan M, Rusakov SV, Vinogradov A, Azhgirey I, Bitioukov S, Datsko K, Grishin V, Kachanov V, Konstantinov D, Krychkine V, Petrov V, Ryutin R, Slabospitsky S, Sobol A, Sytine A, Tourtchanovitch L, Troshin S, Tyurin N, Uzunian A, Volkov A, Adzic P, Djordjevic M, Krpic D, Maletic D, Milosevic J, Puzovic J, Aguilar-Benitez M, Alcaraz Maestre J, Arce P, Battilana C, Calvo E, Cepeda M, Cerrada M, Chamizo Llatas M, Colino N, De La Cruz B, Diez Pardos C, Fernandez Bedoya C, Fernández Ramos JP, Ferrando A, Flix J, Fouz MC, Garcia-Abia P, Gonzalez Lopez O, Goy Lopez S, Hernandez JM, Josa MI, Merino G, Puerta Pelayo J, Redondo I, Romero L, Santaolalla J, Willmott C, Albajar C, de Trocóniz JF, Cuevas J, Fernandez Menendez J, Gonzalez Caballero I, Lloret Iglesias L, Vizan Garcia JM, Cabrillo IJ, Calderon A, Chuang SH, Diaz Merino I, Diez Gonzalez C, Duarte Campderros J, Fernandez M, Gomez G, Gonzalez Sanchez J, Gonzalez Suarez R, Jorda C, Lobelle Pardo P, Lopez Virto A, Marco J, Marco R, Martinez Rivero C, Martinez Ruiz del Arbol P, Matorras F, Rodrigo T, Ruiz Jimeno A, Scodellaro L, Sobron Sanudo M, Vila I, Vilar Cortabitarte R, Abbaneo D, Auffray E, Baillon P, Ball AH, Barney D, Beaudette F, Bell AJ, Bellan R, Benedetti D, Bernet C, Bialas W, Bloch P, Bocci A, Bolognesi S, Breuker H, Brona G, Bunkowski K, Camporesi T, Cano E, Cattai A, Cerminara G, Christiansen T, Coarasa Perez JA, Covarelli R, Curé B, Dahms T, De Roeck A, Elliott-Peisert A, Funk W, Gaddi A, Gennai S, Gerwig H, Gigi D, Gill K, Giordano D, Glege F, Gomez-Reino Garrido R, Gowdy S, Guiducci L, Hansen M, Hartl C, Harvey J, Hegner B, Henderson C, Hoffmann HF, Honma A, Innocente V, Janot P, Lecoq P, Leonidopoulos C, Lourenço C, Macpherson A, Mäki T, Malgeri L, Mannelli M, Masetti L, Mavromanolakis G, Meijers F, Mersi S, Meschi E, Moser R, Mozer MU, Mulders M, Nesvold E, Orsini L, Perez E, Petrilli A, Pfeiffer A, Pierini M, Pimiä M, Racz A, Rolandi G, Rovelli C, Rovere M, Ryjov V, Sakulin H, Schäfer C, Schwick C, Segoni I, Sharma A, Siegrist P, Simon M, Sphicas P, Spiga D, Spiropulu M, Stöckli F, Traczyk P, Tropea P, Tsirou A, Veres GI, Vichoudis P, Voutilainen M, Zeuner WD, Bertl W, Deiters K, Erdmann W, Gabathuler K, Horisberger R, Ingram Q, Kaestli HC, König S, Kotlinski D, Langenegger U, Meier F, Renker D, Rohe T, Sibille J, Starodumov A, Caminada L, Chen Z, Cittolin S, Dissertori G, Dittmar M, Eugster J, Freudenreich K, Grab C, Hervé A, Hintz W, Lecomte P, Lustermann W, Marchica C, Meridiani P, Milenovic P, Moortgat F, Nardulli A, Nessi-Tedaldi F, Pape L, Pauss F, Punz T, Rizzi A, Ronga FJ, Sala L, Sanchez AK, Sawley MC, Schinzel D, Sordini V, Stieger B, Tauscher L, Thea A, Theofilatos K, Treille D, Weber M, Wehrli L, Weng J, Amsler C, Chiochia V, De Visscher S, Ivova Rikova M, Millan Mejias B, Regenfus C, Robmann P, Rommerskirchen T, Schmidt A, Tsirigkas D, Wilke L, Chang YH, Chen KH, Chen WT, Go A, Kuo CM, Li SW, Lin W, Liu MH, Lu YJ, Wu JH, Yu SS, Bartalini P, Chang P, Chang YH, Chang YW, Chao Y, Chen KF, Hou WS, Hsiung Y, Kao KY, Lei YJ, Lin SW, Lu RS, Shiu JG, Tzeng YM, Ueno K, Wang CC, Wang M, Wei JT, Adiguzel A, Ayhan A, Bakirci MN, Cerci S, Demir Z, Dozen C, Dumanoglu I, Eskut E, Girgis S, Gökbulut G, Güler Y, Gurpinar E, Hos I, Kangal EE, Karaman T, Kayis Topaksu A, Nart A, Onengüt G, Ozdemir K, Ozturk S, Polatöz A, Sahin O, Sengul O, Sogut K, Tali B, Topakli H, Uzun D, Vergili LN, Vergili M, Zorbilmez C, Akin IV, Aliev T, Bilmis S, Deniz M, Gamsizkan H, Guler AM, Ocalan K, Ozpineci A, Serin M, Sever R, Surat UE, Zeyrek M, Deliomeroglu M, Demir D, Gülmez E, Halu A, Isildak B, Kaya M, Kaya O, Ozbek M, Ozkorucuklu S, Sonmez N, Levchuk L, Bell P, Bostock F, Brooke JJ, Cheng TL, Cussans D, Frazier R, Goldstein J, Hansen M, Heath GP, Heath HF, Hill C, Huckvale B, Jackson J, Kreczko L, Mackay CK, Metson S, Newbold DM, Nirunpong K, Smith VJ, Ward S, Basso L, Bell KW, Belyaev A, Brew C, Brown RM, Camanzi B, Cockerill DJA, Coughlan JA, Harder K, Harper S, Kennedy BW, Olaiya E, Radburn-Smith BC, Shepherd-Themistocleous CH, Tomalin IR, Womersley WJ, Worm SD, Bainbridge R, Ball G, Ballin J, Beuselinck R, Buchmuller O, Colling D, Cripps N, Cutajar M, Davies G, Della Negra M, Foudas C, Fulcher J, Futyan D, Guneratne Bryer A, Hall G, Hatherell Z, Hays J, Iles G, Karapostoli G, Lyons L, Magnan AM, Marrouche J, Nandi R, Nash J, Nikitenko A, Papageorgiou A, Pesaresi M, Petridis K, Pioppi M, Raymond DM, Rompotis N, Rose A, Ryan MJ, Seez C, Sharp P, Sparrow A, Stoye M, Tapper A, Tourneur S, Vazquez Acosta M, Virdee T, Wakefield S, Wardrope D, Whyntie T, Barrett M, Chadwick M, Cole JE, Hobson PR, Khan A, Kyberd P, Leslie D, Reid ID, Teodorescu L, Bose T, Clough A, Heister A, St John J, Lawson P, Lazic D, Rohlf J, Sulak L, Andrea J, Avetisyan A, Bhattacharya S, Chou JP, Cutts D, Esen S, Heintz U, Jabeen S, Kukartsev G, Landsberg G, Narain M, Nguyen D, Speer T, Tsang KV, Borgia MA, Breedon R, Calderon De La Barca Sanchez M, Cebra D, Chertok M, Conway J, Cox PT, Dolen J, Erbacher R, Friis E, Ko W, Kopecky A, Lander R, Liu H, Maruyama S, Miceli T, Nikolic M, Pellett D, Robles J, Schwarz T, Searle M, Smith J, Squires M, Tripathi M, Vasquez Sierra R, Veelken C, Andreev V, Arisaka K, Cline D, Cousins R, Deisher A, Erhan S, Farrell C, Felcini M, Hauser J, Ignatenko M, Jarvis C, Plager C, Rakness G, Schlein P, Tucker J, Valuev V, Wallny R, Babb J, Clare R, Ellison J, Gary JW, Hanson G, Jeng GY, Kao SC, Liu F, Liu H, Luthra A, Nguyen H, Pasztor G, Satpathy A, Shen BC, Stringer R, Sturdy J, Sumowidagdo S, Wilken R, Wimpenny S, Andrews W, Branson JG, Dusinberre E, Evans D, Golf F, Holzner A, Kelley R, Lebourgeois M, Letts J, Mangano B, Muelmenstaedt J, Padhi S, Palmer C, Petrucciani G, Pi H, Pieri M, Ranieri R, Sani M, Sharma V, Simon S, Tu Y, Vartak A, Würthwein F, Yagil A, Barge D, Blume M, Campagnari C, D'Alfonso M, Danielson T, Garberson J, Incandela J, Justus C, Kalavase P, Koay SA, Kovalskyi D, Krutelyov V, Lamb J, Lowette S, Pavlunin V, Rebassoo F, Ribnik J, Richman J, Rossin R, Stuart D, To W, Vlimant JR, Witherell M, Bornheim A, Bunn J, Gataullin M, Kcira D, Litvine V, Ma Y, Newman HB, Rogan C, Shin K, Timciuc V, Veverka J, Wilkinson R, Yang Y, Zhu RY, Akgun B, Carroll R, Ferguson T, Jang DW, Jun SY, Paulini M, Russ J, Terentyev N, Vogel H, Vorobiev I, Cumalat JP, Dinardo ME, Drell BR, Ford WT, Heyburn B, Luiggi Lopez E, Nauenberg U, Smith JG, Stenson K, Ulmer KA, Wagner SR, Zang SL, Agostino L, Alexander J, Blekman F, Chatterjee A, Das S, Eggert N, Fields LJ, Gibbons LK, Heltsley B, Hopkins W, Khukhunaishvili A, Kreis B, Kuznetsov V, Kaufman GN, Patterson JR, Puigh D, Riley D, Ryd A, Shi X, Sun W, Teo WD, Thom J, Thompson J, Vaughan J, Weng Y, Wittich P, Biselli A, Cirino G, Winn D, Abdullin S, Albrow M, Anderson J, Apollinari G, Atac M, Bakken JA, Banerjee S, Bauerdick LAT, Beretvas A, Berryhill J, Bhat PC, Bloch I, Borcherding F, Burkett K, Butler JN, Chetluru V, Cheung HWK, Chlebana F, Cihangir S, Demarteau M, Eartly DP, Elvira VD, Fisk I, Freeman J, Gao Y, Gottschalk E, Green D, Gutsche O, Hahn A, Hanlon J, Harris RM, James E, Jensen H, Johnson M, Joshi U, Khatiwada R, Kilminster B, Klima B, Kousouris K, Kunori S, Kwan S, Limon P, Lipton R, Lykken J, Maeshima K, Marraffino JM, Mason D, McBride P, McCauley T, Miao T, Mishra K, Mrenna S, Musienko Y, Newman-Holmes C, O'Dell V, Popescu S, Pordes R, Prokofyev O, Saoulidou N, Sexton-Kennedy E, Sharma S, Smith RP, Soha A, Spalding WJ, Spiegel L, Tan P, Taylor L, Tkaczyk S, Uplegger L, Vaandering EW, Vidal R, Whitmore J, Wu W, Yumiceva F, Yun JC, Acosta D, Avery P, Bourilkov D, Chen M, Di Giovanni GP, Dobur D, Drozdetskiy A, Field RD, Fu Y, Furic IK, Gartner J, Kim B, Klimenko S, Konigsberg J, Korytov A, Kotov K, Kropivnitskaya A, Kypreos T, Matchev K, Mitselmakher G, Pakhotin Y, Piedra Gomez J, Prescott C, Remington R, Schmitt M, Scurlock B, Sellers P, Wang D, Yelton J, Zakaria M, Ceron C, Gaultney V, Kramer L, Lebolo LM, Linn S, Markowitz P, Martinez G, Mesa D, Rodriguez JL, Adams T, Askew A, Chen J, Diamond B, Gleyzer SV, Haas J, Hagopian S, Hagopian V, Jenkins M, Johnson KF, Prosper H, Sekmen S, Veeraraghavan V, Baarmand MM, Guragain S, Hohlmann M, Kalakhety H, Mermerkaya H, Ralich R, Vodopiyanov I, Adams MR, Anghel IM, Apanasevich L, Bazterra VE, Betts RR, Callner J, Cavanaugh R, Dragoiu C, Garcia-Solis EJ, Gerber CE, Hofman DJ, Khalatian S, Lacroix F, Shabalina E, Smoron A, Strom D, Varelas N, Akgun U, Albayrak EA, Bilki B, Cankocak K, Clarida W, Duru F, Lae CK, McCliment E, Merlo JP, Mestvirishvili A, Moeller A, Nachtman J, Newsom CR, Norbeck E, Olson J, Onel Y, Ozok F, Sen S, Wetzel J, Yetkin T, Yi K, Barnett BA, Blumenfeld B, Bonato A, Eskew C, Fehling D, Giurgiu G, Gritsan AV, Guo ZJ, Hu G, Maksimovic P, Rappoccio S, Swartz M, Tran NV, Whitbeck A, Baringer P, Bean A, Benelli G, Grachov O, Murray M, Radicci V, Sanders S, Wood JS, Zhukova V, Bandurin D, Bolton T, Chakaberia I, Ivanov A, Kaadze K, Maravin Y, Shrestha S, Svintradze I, Wan Z, Gronberg J, Lange D, Wright D, Baden D, Boutemeur M, Eno SC, Ferencek D, Hadley NJ, Kellogg RG, Kirn M, Mignerey A, Rossato K, Rumerio P, Santanastasio F, Skuja A, Temple J, Tonjes MB, Tonwar SC, Twedt E, Alver B, Bauer G, Bendavid J, Busza W, Butz E, Cali IA, Chan M, D'Enterria D, Everaerts P, Gomez Ceballos G, Goncharov M, Hahn KA, Harris P, Kim Y, Klute M, Lee YJ, Li W, Loizides C, Luckey PD, Ma T, Nahn S, Paus C, Roland C, Roland G, Rudolph M, Stephans GSF, Sumorok K, Sung K, Wenger EA, Wyslouch B, Xie S, Yilmaz Y, Yoon AS, Zanetti M, Cole P, Cooper SI, Cushman P, Dahmes B, De Benedetti A, Dudero PR, Franzoni G, Haupt J, Klapoetke K, Kubota Y, Mans J, Petyt D, Rekovic V, Rusack R, Sasseville M, Singovsky A, Cremaldi LM, Godang R, Kroeger R, Perera L, Rahmat R, Sanders DA, Sonnek P, Summers D, Bloom K, Bose S, Butt J, Claes DR, Dominguez A, Eads M, Keller J, Kelly T, Kravchenko I, Lazo-Flores J, Lundstedt C, Malbouisson H, Malik S, Snow GR, Baur U, Iashvili I, Kharchilava A, Kumar A, Smith K, Strang M, Zennamo J, Alverson G, Barberis E, Baumgartel D, Boeriu O, Reucroft S, Swain J, Wood D, Zhang J, Anastassov A, Kubik A, Ofierzynski RA, Pozdnyakov A, Schmitt M, Stoynev S, Velasco M, Won S, Antonelli L, Berry D, Hildreth M, Jessop C, Karmgard DJ, Kolb J, Kolberg T, Lannon K, Lynch S, Marinelli N, Morse DM, Ruchti R, Slaunwhite J, Valls N, Warchol J, Wayne M, Ziegler J, Bylsma B, Durkin LS, Gu J, Killewald P, Ling TY, Williams G, Adam N, Berry E, Elmer P, Gerbaudo D, Halyo V, Hunt A, Jones J, Laird E, Lopes Pegna D, Marlow D, Medvedeva T, Mooney M, Olsen J, Piroué P, Stickland D, Tully C, Werner JS, Zuranski A, Acosta JG, Huang XT, Lopez A, Mendez H, Oliveros S, Ramirez Vargas JE, Zatzerklyaniy A, Alagoz E, Barnes VE, Bolla G, Borrello L, Bortoletto D, Everett A, Garfinkel AF, Gecse Z, Gutay L, Jones M, Koybasi O, Laasanen AT, Leonardo N, Liu C, Maroussov V, Merkel P, Miller DH, Neumeister N, Potamianos K, Shipsey I, Silvers D, Yoo HD, Zablocki J, Zheng Y, Jindal P, Parashar N, Cuplov V, Ecklund KM, Geurts FJM, Liu JH, Morales J, Padley BP, Redjimi R, Roberts J, Betchart B, Bodek A, Chung YS, de Barbaro P, Demina R, Flacher H, Garcia-Bellido A, Gotra Y, Han J, Harel A, Miner DC, Orbaker D, Petrillo G, Vishnevskiy D, Zielinski M, Bhatti A, Demortier L, Goulianos K, Hatakeyama K, Lungu G, Mesropian C, Yan M, Atramentov O, Gershtein Y, Gray R, Halkiadakis E, Hidas D, Hits D, Lath A, Rose K, Schnetzer S, Somalwar S, Stone R, Thomas S, Cerizza G, Hollingsworth M, Spanier S, Yang ZC, York A, Asaadi J, Eusebi R, Gilmore J, Gurrola A, Kamon T, Khotilovich V, Montalvo R, Nguyen CN, Pivarski J, Safonov A, Sengupta S, Toback D, Weinberger M, Akchurin N, Bardak C, Damgov J, Jeong C, Kovitanggoon K, Lee SW, Mane P, Roh Y, Sill A, Volobouev I, Wigmans R, Yazgan E, Appelt E, Brownson E, Engh D, Florez C, Gabella W, Johns W, Kurt P, Maguire C, Melo A, Sheldon P, Velkovska J, Arenton MW, Balazs M, Buehler M, Conetti S, Cox B, Hirosky R, Ledovskoy A, Neu C, Yohay R, Gollapinni S, Gunthoti K, Harr R, Karchin PE, Mattson M, Milstène C, Sakharov A, Anderson M, Bachtis M, Bellinger JN, Carlsmith D, Dasu S, Dutta S, Efron J, Gray L, Grogg KS, Grothe M, Hall-Wilton R, Herndon M, Klabbers P, Klukas J, Lanaro A, Lazaridis C, Leonard J, Lomidze D, Loveless R, Mohapatra A, Polese G, Reeder D, Savin A, Smith WH, Swanson J, Weinberg M. Transverse-momentum and pseudorapidity distributions of charged hadrons in pp collisions at square root of s = 7 TeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:022002. [PMID: 20867699 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.022002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Charged-hadron transverse-momentum and pseudorapidity distributions in proton-proton collisions at square root of s = 7 TeV are measured with the inner tracking system of the CMS detector at the LHC. The charged-hadron yield is obtained by counting the number of reconstructed hits, hit pairs, and fully reconstructed charged-particle tracks. The combination of the three methods gives a charged-particle multiplicity per unit of pseudorapidity dN(ch)/dη|(|η|<0.5) = 5.78 ± 0.01(stat) ± 0.23(syst) for non-single-diffractive events, higher than predicted by commonly used models. The relative increase in charged-particle multiplicity from square root of s = 0.9 to 7 TeV is [66.1 ± 1.0(stat) ± 4.2(syst)]%. The mean transverse momentum is measured to be 0.545 ± 0.005(stat) ± 0.015(syst) GeV/c. The results are compared with similar measurements at lower energies.
Collapse
|
2873
|
Yang H, Wang Z, Capó-Aponte JE, Zhang F, Pan Z, Reinach PS. Epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation by the cannabinoid receptor (CB1) and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) induces differential responses in corneal epithelial cells. Exp Eye Res 2010; 91:462-71. [PMID: 20619260 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2010.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2010] [Revised: 06/24/2010] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Corneal epithelial injury induces release of endogenous metabolites that are cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) agonists. We determined the functional contributions by CB1 and TRPV1 activation to eliciting responses underlying wound healing in human corneal epithelial cells (HCEC). Both the selective CB1 and TRPV1 agonists (i.e., WIN55,212-2 [WIN] and capsaicin [CAP], respectively) induced EGFR phosphorylation whereas either inhibition of its tyrosine kinase activity with AG1478 or functional blockage eliminated this response. Furthermore, EGFR transactivation was abolished by inhibitors of proteolytic release of heparin bound EGF (HB-EGF). CB1-induced Ca(2+) transients were reduced during exposure to either the CB1 antagonist, AM251 or AG1478. Both CAP and WIN induced transient increases in Erk1/2, p38, JNK1/2 MAPK and Akt/PI-3K phosphorylation status resulting in cell proliferation and migration increases which mirrored those elicited by EGF. Neither EGF nor WIN induced any increases in IL-6 and IL-8 release. On the other hand, CAP-induced 3- and 6-fold increases, which were fully attenuated during exposure to CPZ, but AG1478 only suppressed them by 21%. The mixed CB1 and TRPV1 antagonist, AM251, enhanced the CAP-induced rise in IL-8 release to a higher level than that elicited by CAP alone. In conclusion, CB1 and TRPV1 activation induces increases in HCEC proliferation and migration through EGFR transactivation leading to global MAPK and Akt/PI-3K pathway stimulation. On the other hand, the TRPV1-mediated increases in IL-6 and IL-8 release are elicited through both EGFR dependent and EGFR-independent signaling pathways.
Collapse
|
2874
|
Zhang Y, Jiang X, Qin X, Ye D, Yi Z, Liu M, Bai O, Liu W, Xie X, Wang Z, Fang J, Chen Y. RKTG inhibits angiogenesis by suppressing MAPK-mediated autocrine VEGF signaling and is downregulated in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. Oncogene 2010; 29:5404-15. [PMID: 20603618 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are crucial regulators of angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. The autocrine VEGF signaling is required for maintaining the homeostasis of vasculature. Dysregulation of angiogenesis is implicated in the development of many human cancers, especially in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), a highly vascularized tumor. Meanwhile, antiangiogenesis has become a mainstay in the treatment of human cancers. In this study, we analyzed the functional roles of RKTG (Raf Kinase Trapping to Golgi), a negative regulator of mitogen-activated protein kinase (Raf/MEK/ERK) signaling, by sequestration of Raf kinase to the Golgi apparatus, in angiogenesis and ccRCC. Through a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments, we found that RKTG has a negative effect on cell proliferation, migration, sprouting and angiogenesis of endothelial cells. RKTG, by suppressing mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, negatively regulates the transactivation activity of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) by inhibiting formation of HIF-1α/p300 complex and suppressing VEGF transcription, thereby reducing hypoxia-induced VEGF production. The expression level of RKTG is significantly downregulated in clinical ccRCC tumor samples, with an inverse correlation with VEGF expression level. These results highlight the functional roles of RKTG and its regulated Raf/ERK/MEK signaling cascade in angiogenesis and autocrine VEGF signaling. In addition, this study indicates that RKTG is likely implicated in the development of ccRCC through its regulation on angiogenesis.
Collapse
|
2875
|
Rao DD, Maples PB, Senzer N, Kumar P, Wang Z, Pappen BO, Yu Y, Haddock C, Jay C, Phadke AP, Chen S, Kuhn J, Dylewski D, Scott S, Monsma D, Webb C, Tong A, Shanahan D, Nemunaitis J. Enhanced target gene knockdown by a bifunctional shRNA: a novel approach of RNA interference. Cancer Gene Ther 2010; 17:780-91. [PMID: 20596090 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2010.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is a natural cellular regulatory process that inhibits gene expression by transcriptional, post-transcriptional and translational mechanisms. Synthetic approaches that emulate this process (small interfering RNA (siRNA), short hairpin RNA (shRNA)) have been shown to be similarly effective in this regard. We developed a novel 'bifunctional' RNAi strategy, which further optimizes target gene knockdown outcome. A bifunctional construct (bi-sh-STMN1) was generated against Stathmin1, a critical tubulin modulator that is overexpressed in human cancers. The bifunctional construct is postulated to concurrently repress the translation of the target mRNA (cleavage-independent, mRNA sequestration and degradation) and degrade (through RNase H-like cleavage) post-transcriptional mRNA through cleavage-dependent activities. Bi-sh-STMN1 showed enhanced potency and durability in parallel comparisons with conventional shRNA and siRNAs targeting the same sequence. Enhanced STMN1 protein knockdown by bi-sh-STMN1 was accompanied by target site cleavage at the mRNA level showed by the rapid amplification of complementary DNA ends (RACE) assay. Bi-sh-STMN1 also showed knockdown kinetics at the mRNA level consistent with its multieffector silencing mechanisms. The bifunctional shRNA is a highly effective and advantageous approach mediating RNAi at concentrations significantly lower than conventional shRNA or siRNA. These results support further evaluations.
Collapse
|