Incidence of gross chromosomal errors among tall criminal American males

Chromosome studies on 129 tall men surveyed in four different institutions for the care of criminal males in Pennsylvaniia showed that 1 in 11 subjects displayed aneuploidy of the sex chromosomes; specifically, five cases of 47,XYY and seven cases of Klinefelter syndrome were identified. All the aneuploid subjects were mentally ill; none had been cytogenetically diagnosed.

Compensation to exsanguination hypotension in health conscious dogs

In some earlier studies on exsanguination hypotension in conscious dogs, reduction in systemic arterial pressure to shock levels was accompanied by a transient tachycardia during the removal of blood, but the heart rate returned to level, at or near control values during extended periods with the mean arterial pressure between 40 and 60 mm Hg. This observation stimulated a series of experiments on five healthy conscious dogs in which transient hypotension was induced by withdrawing blood from the region of the right atrium to determine which mechanisms were dominant in the compensatory reaction. A surprising degree of variability in response was encountered, such that tachycardia was the main response on some occasions, increased peripheral resistance on others, and in still others, several mechanisms appeared to play a role. Similar variability in the response to exsanguination have been reported in human subjects. These observations suggest that the baroceptor reflexes are not simple servo controls and their role in everyday cardiovascular responses should be re-examined.