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Hyun YJ, Koh SJ, Chae JS, Kim JY, Kim OY, Lim HH, Jang Y, Park S, Ordovas JM, Lee JH. Atherogenecity of LDL and unfavorable adipokine profile in metabolically obese, normal-weight woman. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2008; 16:784-9. [PMID: 18239579 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2007.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The relationship of visceral adiposity with adipocytokines and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle distribution and oxidation in Asian metabolically obese, normal-weight (MONW) individuals has not been evaluated. We aimed to investigate the association between visceral adiposity and adipocytokines and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in MONW Korean women with normal glucose tolerance. METHODS AND PROCEDURES We examined the metabolic characteristics of 135 non-obese (BMI <25 kg/m(2)) women aged 25-64 years. Twenty-five women (BMI <25 kg/m(2) and visceral fat adiposity (VFA) > or =100 cm(2)) were classified as MONW and 25 women (BMI <25 kg/m(2) and VFA <100 cm(2)), pair-matched for age, weight, height, and menopausal status, as control group. Plasma lipid profiles and adipocytokines were evaluated in these two groups. RESULTS MONW subjects had higher systolic (P < 0.05) and diastolic blood pressure (P < 0.005) and higher concentrations of triacylglycerol (TG) (P < 0.005), insulin (P < 0.01), and free fatty acid (FFA) (P < 0.05) than control subjects. There was no significant difference between two groups in LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations; however, MONW subjects had smaller LDL particles (P < 0.01) and higher concentrations of oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) (P < 0.05) compared with controls. Moreover, MONW subjects had higher concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) (P < 0.05), interleukin-6 (IL-6) (P < 0.05) and leptin (P < 0.05), and lower plasma adiponectin concentrations (P < 0.05). Higher intake of saturated fat with lower ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to saturated fatty acids (SFA) and lower fiber intake than normal subjects were found in MONW women. DISCUSSION We found an unfavorable inflammatory profile and a more atherogenic LDL profile in MONW female subjects even in the absence of a known CVD risk factors. Moreover, MONW consumed more saturated fat and less fiber than the control group.
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Kim SH, Oh EJ, Kim MJ, Park YJ, Han K, Yang HJ, Kim JY, Choi BS, Yang CW, Kim YS, Bang BK. Pretransplant donor-specific interferon-gamma ELISPOT assay predicts acute rejection episodes in renal transplant recipients. Transplant Proc 2008; 39:3057-60. [PMID: 18089321 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2007.06.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2007] [Revised: 05/03/2007] [Accepted: 06/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Interferon (IFN)-gamma enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT) assay is a powerful tool for measuring the frequency of alloantigen-specific T cells, reflecting cellular immunity. We correlated the pretransplant frequencies of donor-specific and third-party-specific IFN-gamma ELISPOT tests, with the posttransplant outcomes of 45 recipients of living donor renal transplantations. The mean frequency of pretransplant donor-specific ELISPOT was significantly greater among patients with acute rejection episodes (ARE) than those without ARE (18.0 [12 to 50] versus 8.8 [5 to 30.4]) spots per 200,000 peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs; P=.024). A cutoff level of 12 spots per 200,000 PBLs on the donor-specific ELISPOT identified an ARE-positive patient with a sensitivity of 81.8% and a specificity of 64.7%. The recipients with pretransplant donor-specific ELISPOT+showed higher serum creatinine levels and lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR) at 6 posttransplant months (P<.05). Although the pretransplant third-party-specific ELISPOT results correlated with the donor-specific ELISPOT results (r=.783; P<.001), there was no significant difference in the third-party ELISPOT results between the ARE-positive and ARE-negative recipients. In conclusion, an analysis of pretransplant donor-specific IFN-gamma ELISPOT may identify the posttransplant risk of developing ARE and displaying decreased GFR at 6 months.
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Lee HS, Kim MJ, Lim CK, Cho JW, Jun JH, Kim JY, Koong MK, Song IO, Kang IS. 7.003 Successful outcomes in 36 cycles of preimplantation genetic diagnosis for 12 kinds of single gene disorders. Reprod Biomed Online 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)61403-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Kim MJ, Lim CK, Cho JW, Jun JH, Kim JY, Koong MK, Song IO, Kang IS, Lee HS. 11.003 Developmental competence of fresh and frozen–thawed embryos after biopsy of two blastomeres in preimplantation genetic diagnosis. Reprod Biomed Online 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)61426-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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355
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Kim JY, Kwak YL, Lee KC, Chang YJ, Kwak HJ. The optimal bolus dose of alfentanil for tracheal intubation during sevoflurane induction without neuromuscular blockade in day-case anaesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2008; 52:106-10. [PMID: 17976223 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2007.01477.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal bolus dose of alfentanil required to provide successful intubating conditions following inhalation induction of anaesthesia using 5% sevoflurane and 60% nitrous oxide without neuromuscular blockade in adult day-case anaesthesia. METHODS Twenty-four adults, aged 18-60 years, undergoing general anaesthesia for short ambulatory surgery were enroled into the study. After vital capacity induction, with sevoflurane 5% and 60% nitrous oxide in oxygen, pre-determined dose of alfentanil was injected over 30 s. The dose of alfentanil was determined by modified Dixon's up-and-down method (2 microg/kg as a step size). Ninety seconds after the end of bolus administration of alfentanil, the trachea was intubated. Systolic blood pressure, heart rate and SpO2 were recorded at anaesthetic induction, before, 1 min and 3 min after intubation. RESULTS The bolus dose of alfentanil for successful tracheal intubation was 10.7+/-2.1 microg/kg in 50% of patients during inhalation induction. From probit analysis, 50% effective dose (ED(50)) and ED(95) values (95% confidence limits) of alfentanil were 10.7 microg/kg (8.0-12.9 microg/kg) and 14.9 microg/kg (12.9-31.1 microg/kg), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Using the modified Dixon's up-and-down method, the bolus dose of alfentanil for successful tracheal intubation was 10.7+/-2.1 microg/kg in 50% of adult patients during inhalation induction using 5% sevoflurane and 60% nitrous oxide in oxygen without neuromuscular blocking agent in day-case anaesthesia.
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Yoon SW, Chun JS, Sung MH, Kim JY, Poo H. alpha-MSH inhibits TNF-alpha-induced matrix metalloproteinase-13 expression by modulating p38 kinase and nuclear factor kappaB signaling in human chondrosarcoma HTB-94 cells. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2008; 16:115-24. [PMID: 17683952 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2007.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2006] [Accepted: 05/26/2007] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Proinflammatory cytokine-induced expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is a major cause of arthritic cartilage destruction. The neuropeptide, alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), has been detected in the synovial fluid of arthritis patients, where it is thought to play an anti-inflammatory role. Here, we examined whether alpha-MSH acts via downregulation of MMP expression, and sought to elucidate the intracellular signal pathways underlying this effect. DESIGN Human chondrosarcoma cell line, HTB-94 (SW1353) was pretreated with or without alpha-MSH and then treated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). The effect of alpha-MSH on TNF-alpha-induced MMP-13 expression and mitogen-activated protein kinases' (MAPKs) activation were determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. Additionally, the intracellular signaling of alpha-MSH was investigated using the inhibitors of MAPK and nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) and plasmids encoding dominant negative (dn) forms of inhibitor kappaB kinase-alpha (IKKalpha) and inhibitor kappaB kinase-beta (IKKbeta). RESULTS We found that alpha-MSH pretreatment inhibited TNF-alpha-induced MMP-13 expression and p38 kinase phosphorylation in HTB-94 human chondrosarcoma cells. TNF-alpha-induced MMP-13 expression was not suppressed by extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitors (PD98059 and U0126) or a c-jun terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor (SP600125), but was inhibited by inhibitors of p38 kinase (SB203580) and NF-kappaB (SN-50 peptide) and dnIKKalpha and dnIKKbeta. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that alpha-MSH regulates TNF-alpha-induced MMP-13 expression by decreasing p38 kinase phosphorylation and subsequent NF-kappaB activation in human chondrocytes and may be an effective inhibitor of MMP-13-mediated collagen degradation, providing new potential opportunities for the development of anti-arthritis therapeutics.
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Keshavjee S, Gelmanova IY, Pasechnikov AD, Mishustin SP, Andreev YG, Yedilbayev A, Furin JJ, Mukherjee JS, Rich ML, Nardell EA, Farmer PE, Kim JY, Shin SS. Treating multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Tomsk, Russia: developing programs that address the linkage between poverty and disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2007; 1136:1-11. [PMID: 17954675 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1425.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) are diseases of poverty. Because Mycobacterium tuberculosis exists predominantly in a social space often defined by poverty and its comorbidities--overcrowded or congregate living conditions, substance dependence or abuse, and lack of access to proper health services, to name a few--the biology of this organism and of TB drug resistance is intimately linked to the social world in which patients live. This association is demonstrated in Russia, where political changes in the 1990s resulted in increased socioeconomic inequality and a breakdown in health services. The effect on TB and MDR-TB is reflected both in terms of a rise in TB and MDR-TB incidence and increased morbidity and mortality associated with the disease. We present the case example of Tomsk Oblast to delineate how poverty contributed to a growing MDR-TB epidemic and increasing socioeconomic barriers to successful care, even when available. The MDR-TB pilot project implemented in Tomsk addressed both programmatic and socioeconomic factors associated with unfavorable outcomes. The result has been a strengthening of the overall TB control program in the region and improved case-holding for the most vulnerable patients. The model of MDR-TB care in Tomsk is applicable for other resource-poor settings facing challenges to TB and MDR-TB control.
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Park K, Han S, Shin E, Kim HJ, Kim JY. EGFR gene and protein expression in breast cancers. Eur J Surg Oncol 2007; 33:956-60. [PMID: 17374474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2007.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2006] [Accepted: 01/29/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To measure the EGFR gene amplification and protein expression, and to compare the EGFR expression with HER2 expression similarly measured. METHODS EGFR gene amplification was assayed by fluorescence in situ hybridization and its protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarray of 165 consecutive invasive breast cancers. RESULTS EGFR protein overexpression was observed in 20.6% of the 165 studied cases, but gene amplification was observed in 7.9% only. EGFR protein was expressed in 33.3% of HER2-amplified tumors, and in only 16.3% of HER2 non-amplified tumors. EGFR expression significantly increased in HER2 gene-amplified and protein-expressing tumors as well. On survival analysis, EGFR expression was a significant prognostic factor for the disease-free and overall survival of the patients. CONCLUSIONS EGFR protein expression was independent of EGFR gene amplification status, whereas it was intimately associated with HER2 amplification and overexpression in breast cancer.
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Furin JJ, Rigodon J, Cancedda C, Keshavjee S, Seung KJ, Letsie M, Kim JY, Joseph JK. Improved case detection of active tuberculosis associated with an antiretroviral treatment program in Lesotho. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2007; 11:1154-1156. [PMID: 17945074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading infectious killer of adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) globally. Lesotho has the third highest prevalence of HIV and the fourth highest prevalence of TB worldwide, and the majority of TB patients are co-infected with HIV. This paper describes an antiretroviral treatment (ART) program instituted in a health center in a mountain region of Lesotho. Although the main goal of the program was to increase HIV detection and initiate ART for patients, the program also resulted in a ten-fold increase in the detection of TB among patients with and without HIV.
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Ji S, Song C, Koo J, Park J, Park YJ, Lee KB, Lee S, Park JG, Kim JY, Cho BK, Hong KP, Lee CH, Iga F. Resonant X-ray scattering study of quadrupole-strain coupling in DyB4. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 99:076401. [PMID: 17930908 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.076401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
X-ray and neutron scattering studies were performed on DyB4 which exhibits both a quadrupolar ordering and a macroscopic lattice distortion. A forbidden reflection at 7.792 keV near the Dy L3 absorption edge is identified as a quadrupolar ordering peak, and the quadrupolar order and a monoclinic structural distortion develop concomitantly below 12.3 K as second-order-type phase transitions. Coupling between the quadrupolar order and the strain in DyB4 is directly demonstrated by observing that both order parameters are proportional to each other.
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Suh DS, Yoon MS, Choi KU, Kim JY. Significance of E2F-1 overexpression in epithelial ovarian cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2007; 18:492-8. [PMID: 17692085 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1438.2007.01044.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
E2F-1 is a downstream regulator of the Rb pathway and is a transcription factor that plays a key role in the control of cell cycle progression. Deregulation of E2F-1 expression and Rb pathway is involved in carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate E2F-1 expression and Rb pathway alteration and to elucidate their correlation with clinical and pathologic parameters in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). We investigated overexpression of E2F-1 and alterations of p16(INK4a), cyclin D1, CDK4, and pRb using immunohistochemistry and tissue microarray methods in 72 EOC patients. Overexpression of E2F-1 was detected in 45.8% of samples. The overall abnormal expression frequencies of p16(INK4a), cyclin D1, CDK4, and pRb were 33.3%, 11.1%, 12.5%, and 38.9%, respectively. E2F-1 overexpression was not associated with alteration of the Rb pathway. E2F-1 overexpression was correlated with FIGO stage, histologic grade, and mitotic index; it was a valuable prognostic variable along with FIGO stage in the multivariated analysis. The results suggest that E2F-1 has a growth-promoting effect in EOC and that E2F-1 overexpression may provide a useful prognostic indicator for EOC.
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362
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Oh JH, Kim HH, Gong HS, Lee SL, Kim JY, Kim WS. Primary aneurysmal bone cyst of the patella: a case report. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2007; 15:234-7. [PMID: 17709869 DOI: 10.1177/230949900701500223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aneurysmal bone cysts account for less than 1% of primary bone tumours and have a predilection for the metaphyses of the long bones of the leg. Only 1% of all aneurysmal bone cysts occur in the patella. We report on a 30-year-old man with a primary aneurysmal bone cyst in the right patella treated with curettage. The defect was filled with demineralised bone matrix and allogeneic cancellous bone graft. At the 1.5-year follow-up, the bone graft was well incorporated, the patient experienced no pain or tenderness and had a full range of knee movement.
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Ahn TB, Kim SY, Kim JY, Park SS, Lee DS, Min HJ, Kim YK, Kim SE, Kim JM, Kim HJ, Cho J, Jeon BS. alpha-Synuclein gene duplication is present in sporadic Parkinson disease. Neurology 2007; 70:43-9. [PMID: 17625105 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000271080.53272.c7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE alpha-Synuclein gene (SNCA) multiplication was found in familial Parkinson disease (PD). We examined SNCA multiplication in patients with familial and sporadic PD and multiple system atrophy (MSA). METHODS We screened 1,106 patients with parkinsonism (PD = 906, MSA = 200) for SNCA multiplication by multiplex PCR. Fluorescent in situ hybridization was done to confirm the multiplication. [(123)I]N-omega-Fluoropropyl-2 beta-carbomethoxy-3beta-(4-iodophenyl)-tropane ([(123)I]FP-CIT) SPECT was done in the patients with SNCA multiplication and their family members. RESULTS Three patients were identified as having SNCA duplication. One patient had a positive family history, and two patients were sporadic. Each patient had asymptomatic carriers in their families. The familial case had early onset parkinsonism with rapidly progressive course, cognitive impairment, and dysautonomia. Sporadic cases were more typical of PD. [(123)I]FP-CIT SPECT was abnormal in the patients and normal in the asymptomatic carriers. CONCLUSION SNCA multiplication is present in sporadic Parkinson disease (PD) and needs to be screened. Low penetrance, clinical heterogeneity, and normal dopamine transporter imaging in asymptomatic carriers may suggest the presence of other genetic modifiers or environmental triggers that play a role in the pathogenesis of PD due to SNCA duplication.
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Woo SJ, Kim JY, Kim DM, Park SS, Ko HS, Yoo T. Investigation of the association between 677C>T and 1298A>C 5,10-methylenetetra- hydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms and normal-tension glaucoma. Eye (Lond) 2007; 23:17-24. [PMID: 17618244 DOI: 10.1038/sj.eye.6702920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Homozygous polymorphism of the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene and resultant hyperhomocysteinaemia have been established as an independent risk factor for vascular diseases. There are evidences that vascular abnormalities are involved in the pathogenesis and progression of normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). In the present study, we were to find out the associations between 677C>T and 1298A>C polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene and NTG. METHODS This was a retrospective, case-controlled study enrolling 78 NTG patients and 100 controls. DNA from peripheral blood lymphocytes was extracted and the genotypes of polymorphisms (677C>T and 1298A>C) in the MTHFR gene were determined using PCR followed by restriction enzyme digestion. The frequencies of the polymorphic genotypes in the patients with NTG and controls were compared. RESULTS The frequencies of the polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene (677C>T and 1298A>C) in the NTG patients were not significantly different from those of controls. But the younger NTG patients (age at diagnosis < or = 45 years) showed significantly higher prevalence of 677C>T polymorphism than the older NTG patients (age at diagnosis > 45 years) (TT genotype, 38.9 vs 11.9%, P=0.006, OR=4.71, 95% CI=1.49-14.9) and than the younger control subgroup (TT genotype, 38.9 vs 6.1%, P=0.001, OR=9.86, 95% CI=2.23-42.4). CONCLUSIONS The 677C>T polymorphism was significantly associated with NTG in the younger patients, while 1298A>C polymorphism was not. This suggests that 677C>T polymorphism of the MTHFR gene can be a genetic risk factor of NTG in Korean population.
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Peet J, Kim JY, Coates NE, Ma WL, Moses D, Heeger AJ, Bazan GC. Efficiency enhancement in low-bandgap polymer solar cells by processing with alkane dithiols. NATURE MATERIALS 2007; 6:497-500. [PMID: 17529968 DOI: 10.1038/nmat1928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1411] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2007] [Accepted: 05/03/2007] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
High charge-separation efficiency combined with the reduced fabrication costs associated with solution processing and the potential for implementation on flexible substrates make 'plastic' solar cells a compelling option for tomorrow's photovoltaics. Attempts to control the donor/acceptor morphology in bulk heterojunction materials as required for achieving high power-conversion efficiency have, however, met with limited success. By incorporating a few volume per cent of alkanedithiols in the solution used to spin-cast films comprising a low-bandgap polymer and a fullerene derivative, the power-conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells (air-mass 1.5 global conditions) is increased from 2.8% to 5.5% through altering the bulk heterojunction morphology. This discovery can potentially enable morphological control in bulk heterojunction materials where thermal annealing is either undesirable or ineffective.
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Jeong KK, Kim YN, Kim JY. SU-FF-T-121: Comparison of Gafchromic EBT Film with EDR2 Film in TomoTherapy Delivery QA. Med Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2760779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Min SK, Kwak YL, Park SY, Kim JS, Kim JY. The optimal dose of remifentanil for intubation during sevoflurane induction without neuromuscular blockade in children. Anaesthesia 2007; 62:446-50. [PMID: 17448054 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2007.05037.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The optimal dose of remifentanil needed to produce successful intubating conditions following inhalation induction of anaesthesia using 5% sevoflurane without the use of neuromuscular blocking drugs, was investigated in 25 children aged 3-10 years. Sixty seconds after inhalation induction of anaesthesia using sevoflurane 5% in 100% oxygen, a predetermined dose of remifentanil was injected over 30 s. The dose of remifentanil was determined using the modified Dixon's up-and-down method (0.2 microg x kg(-1) as a step size). The first patient was tested at 1.0 microg x kg(-1) remifentanil. Ninety seconds following the bolus administration of remifentanil, the child's trachea was intubated. The optimal bolus dose of remifentanil required for successful tracheal intubation was 0.56 (0.15) microg x kg(-1) in 50% of children during inhalation induction using 5% sevoflurane in the absence of neuromuscular blocking drugs. Using probit analysis, the 95% effective dose (ED(95)) of remifentanil was 0.75 microg x kg(-1) (95% confidence limits 0.63-1.38 microg x kg(-1)).
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Kim JY, Kim YC. Trichoblastoma and syringocystadenoma papilliferum arising in naevus sebaceous in a 4-year-old boy. Clin Exp Dermatol 2007; 32:218-9. [PMID: 17342802 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2006.02321.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Shin EH, Bian S, Shim YB, Rahman MA, Chung KT, Kim JY, Wang JQ, Choe ES. Cocaine increases endoplasmic reticulum stress protein expression in striatal neurons. Neuroscience 2007; 145:621-30. [PMID: 17303341 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2005] [Revised: 12/04/2006] [Accepted: 12/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cocaine administration upregulates the levels of extracellular glutamate and dopamine in the striatum. Activation of the receptors alters calcium homeostasis in striatal neurons leading to the expression of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress proteins. It was therefore hypothesized that cocaine upregulates the expression of the ER stress proteins, immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP), Ire1alpha and perk via glutamate and dopamine receptor activation. A novel glutamate microbiosensor and Western immunoblot analyses were mainly performed to test the hypothesis in the rat dorsal striatum. The results showed that i.p. injection of repeated cocaine (20 mg/kg) for nine consecutive days significantly increased extracellular glutamate levels while acute cocaine injection did not. However, the immunoreactivities (IR) of the ER stress proteins in the dorsal striatum were significantly increased by either acute or repeated cocaine injections as compared with saline controls. Intrastriatal injection (i.s.) of the selective group I metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) antagonist N-phenyl-7-(hydroxyimino)cyclopropa[b]chromen-1a-carboxamide (PHCCC; 25 nmol) or the mGluR5 subtype antagonist 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine hydrochloride (MPEP; 2 and 25 nmol) significantly decreased repeated cocaine-induced increases in the IR of the ER stress proteins in the injected dorsal striatum. Similarly, the selective D1 antagonist (R)-(+)-7-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine hydrochloride (SCH23390; 0.1 mg/kg, i.p.) or the N-methyl-d-aspartate antagonist dizocilpine/(5S,10R)-(+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-ibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5,10-imine maleate (MK801; 2 nmol, i.s.) decreased acute or repeated cocaine-induced the IR of the ER stress proteins in the dorsal striatum. These data suggest that cocaine upregulates expression of the ER stress proteins in striatal neurons via a mechanism involving activation of glutamate and dopamine receptors.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cocaine/pharmacology
- Cocaine-Related Disorders/metabolism
- Cocaine-Related Disorders/physiopathology
- Corpus Striatum/drug effects
- Corpus Striatum/metabolism
- Dopamine Antagonists/pharmacology
- Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Endoplasmic Reticulum/drug effects
- Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism
- Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/pharmacology
- Heat-Shock Proteins/drug effects
- Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism
- Male
- Membrane Proteins/drug effects
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Molecular Chaperones/drug effects
- Molecular Chaperones/metabolism
- Neurons/drug effects
- Neurons/metabolism
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/drug effects
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/drug effects
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/metabolism
- Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate/drug effects
- Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate/metabolism
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/drug effects
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/metabolism
- Stress, Physiological/chemically induced
- Stress, Physiological/metabolism
- Stress, Physiological/physiopathology
- Up-Regulation/drug effects
- Up-Regulation/physiology
- eIF-2 Kinase/drug effects
- eIF-2 Kinase/metabolism
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Abstract
TRP channels, in particular the TRPC and TRPV subfamilies, have emerged as important constituents of the receptor-activated Ca2+ influx mechanism triggered by hormones, growth factors, and neurotransmitters through activation ofphospholipase C (PLC). Several TRPC channels are also activated by passive depletion of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+. Although in several studies the native TRP channels faithfully reproduce the respective recombinant channels, more often the properties of Ca2+ entry and/or the store-operated current are strikingly different from that of the TRP channels expressed in the same cells. The present review aims to discuss this disparity in the context of interaction of TRPC channels with auxiliary proteins that may alter the permeation and regulation of TRPC channels.
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371
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Lee EB, Kim JY, Zhao J, Park MH, Song YW. Haplotype association of IL-8 gene with Behcet's disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 69:128-32. [PMID: 17257314 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00736.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-8 (IL-8), a CXC chemokine that recruits and activates inflammatory cells, plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Behcet's disease (BD). To investigate the association of the genetic polymorphism of IL-8 and BD, we genotyped IL-8 -845 T/C, -738 T/A, -353 A/T, -251 A/T, +293 G/T, +678 T/C and receptors CXCR-1 +2607 G/C and CXCR-2 +785 C/T polymorphisms in 119 Korean patients with BD and 119 age- and sex-matched healthy blood donors. Then, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotypes were analyzed between patients and controls. There were no SNPs associated with BD. However, the frequency of haplotype TAT inferred from SNPs, IL-8 -353 A/T, -251 A/T and +678 T/C, was significantly higher in patients with BD than controls (5.9 vs 0.0%, P = 0.0001), as was haplotype ATC (6.7 vs 0.0%, P < 0.0001). The haplotype difference was still valid in human leukocyte antigen-B51-negative subjects. In conclusion, we found a significant difference in the distribution of IL-8 gene haplotypes between patients with BD and healthy controls. These results suggest that the genetic polymorphisms of proinflammatory chemokine IL-8 can contribute to the pathogenesis of BD.
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372
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Kim JY, Ihn YK, Kim JS, Chun KA, Sung MS, Cho KH. Non-traumatic peroneal nerve palsy: MRI findings. Clin Radiol 2007; 62:58-64. [PMID: 17145265 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2006.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2006] [Revised: 07/11/2006] [Accepted: 07/28/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM To present magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of non-traumatic peroneal nerve palsy and to evaluate the usefulness of MRI in patients with non-traumatic peroneal nerve palsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a retrospective study, 11 consecutive patients presenting with peroneal nerve palsy were included. MR images of the lower leg and electrophysiological examinations were also reviewed. The cause of peroneal nerve palsy was determined on the basis of MRI findings and was evaluated using electrophysiological data. Nine patients with causative lesions detected on MRI, underwent surgery. RESULTS Clinical examination and electromyography (EMG) disclosed 11 peroneal lesions. MRI and EMG revealed three types of signal intensity change, i.e. deep peroneal nerve palsy type, common peroneal nerve palsy type, and superficial peroneal nerve palsy type. The MRI and EMG findings were in agreement in seven (65%) of the 11 study patients. In nine patients the causative lesions were identified using MRI, including ganglion cyst (n=6), osteochondroma (n=1), synovial cyst (n=1), and aneurysm (n=1). CONCLUSION Ganglion cyst is the most common cause of non-traumatic peroneal nerve palsy. MRI offers a noninvasive method for obtaining useful information to assess, localize, and monitor peripheral peroneal nerve palsy.
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373
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Kim YK, Seo IS, Jung NC, Kim JY, Byun JH. Status analysis and strategic framework for sanitation management in Asia and Africa. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2007; 56:25-31. [PMID: 17881834 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2007.553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Following rapid population increase and industrial development, the ever increasing environmental pollution and the associated sanitation-related problem are no longer regional or local but have become an issue requiring global-dimensional concern and the provision of problem-solving alternatives. Especially, since most problems result from inappropriate sewerage and the lack of sewage treatment system are in a serious state occurring in economically underdeveloped regions, and as such, their significance is enormous. The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) has been making efforts to establish the technology selection methodology applicable in developing countries, through the accurate status, investigation and analysis of the wastewater management state in Asian and African regions, and the sanitation management guideline utilisable by political leaders or decision-makers. As part of this effort, the Korea Institute of Water Environment (KIWE), together with the UNEP, selected China and Vietnam (in Asia) and Kenya and Ethiopia (in Africa) as subject countries to investigate and perform on-site sanitation management investigations and analysis in this research. Results obtained from the on-site investigation were analysed, and in order to be helpful in establishing a strategy for sanitation management in underdeveloped countries, the strategic framework (SF) has been made based on characterised results.
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374
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Kim JY, Yoon SY, Park J, Kim YS. Mycophenolic Acid Induces Islet Apoptosis by Regulating Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Activation. Transplant Proc 2006; 38:3277-9. [PMID: 17175248 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2006.10.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Mycophenolic acid (MPA), an inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor, is widely used as an immunosuppressive drug after transplantations including those of pancreas islet cells. However, recent reports have indicated that MPA has apoptotic effects on islet cells in vitro. To study the effect of MPA on islet cells and determine its mechanism, we used an insulin secreting cell-line, HIT-T15. We examined mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation after MPA treatment, and determining cell death levels using methylthiazdetetrazolium assays. The activations of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK), c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 MAPK and caspase-3 cleavage were measured by Western blotting. MPA (1, 10, 30 micromol/L) increased cell death and caspase-3 cleavage within 24 hours. Exogenous 500 micromol/L guanosine reversed the MPA-induced islet cell death, but exogenous adenosine did not. MPA 10 micromol/L induced cell apoptosis and increased the activations of JNK, ERK, and p38 MAPK. Furthermore, exogenous guanosine, but not exogenous adenosine, reversed these effects induced by MPA. This study demonstrated that MPA may induce islet apoptosis in HIT-T15 cells by increasing activations of JNK, ERK, and p38 MAPK in a guanosine-dependent manner.
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375
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Abe K, Hayato Y, Iida T, Ishihara K, Kameda J, Koshio Y, Minamino A, Mitsuda C, Miura M, Moriyama S, Nakahata M, Obayashi Y, Ogawa H, Shiozawa M, Suzuki Y, Takeda A, Takeuchi Y, Ueshima K, Higuchi I, Ishihara C, Ishitsuka M, Kajita T, Kaneyuki K, Mitsuka G, Nakayama S, Nishino H, Okumura K, Saji C, Takenaga Y, Totsuka Y, Clark S, Desai S, Dufour F, Kearns E, Likhoded S, Litos M, Raaf JL, Stone JL, Sulak LR, Wang W, Goldhaber M, Casper D, Cravens JP, Kropp WR, Liu DW, Mine S, Regis C, Smy MB, Sobel HW, Vagins MR, Ganezer KS, Hill JE, Keig WE, Jang JS, Kim JY, Lim IT, Scholberg K, Tanimoto N, Walter CW, Wendell R, Ellsworth RW, Tasaka S, Guillian E, Learned JG, Matsuno S, Messier MD, Ichikawa AK, Ishida T, Ishii T, Iwashita T, Kobayashi T, Nakadaira T, Nakamura K, Nitta K, Oyama Y, Suzuki AT, Hasegawa M, Kato I, Maesaka H, Nakaya T, Nishikawa K, Sasaki T, Sato H, Yamamoto S, Yokoyama M, Haines TJ, Dazeley S, Hatakeyama S, Svoboda R, Sullivan GW, Habig A, Gran R, Fukuda Y, Sato T, Itow Y, Koike T, Jung CK, Kato T, Kobayashi K, Malek M, McGrew C, Sarrat A, Terri R, Yanagisawa C, Tamura N, Sakuda M, Sugihara M, Kuno Y, Yoshida M, Kim SB, Yoo J, Ishizuka T, Okazawa H, Choi Y, Seo HK, Gando Y, Hasegawa T, Inoue K, Ishii H, Nishijima K, Ishino H, Watanabe Y, Koshiba M, Kielczewska D, Zalipska J, Berns HG, Shiraishi KK, Washburn K, Wilkes RJ. Measurement of atmospheric neutrino flux consistent with tau neutrino appearance. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 97:171801. [PMID: 17155460 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.171801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A search for the appearance of tau neutrinos from nu(mu) <--> nu(tau) oscillations in the atmospheric neutrinos has been performed using 1489.2 days of atmospheric neutrino data from the Super-Kamiokande-I experiment. A best fit tau neutrino appearance signal of 138+/-48(stat)-32(+15)(syst) events is obtained with an expectation of 78+/-26(syst). The hypothesis of no tau neutrino appearance is disfavored by 2.4 sigma.
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